精品解析：黑龙江省大庆市实验中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷

大庆实验中学2023级高二上学期期末考试 英语学科试题 说明：1.请将答案填涂在答题卡的指定区域内。 2.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman learn Chinese? A. At a summer school. B. From a family member. C. On a language app. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A trip. B. A film. C. A friend. 3. What will the man do tomorrow? A. Attend a party. B. See his nephew. C. Do some shopping. 4 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a farmers’ market. C. In a grocery store. 5. Why does the woman call the man? A. To express thanks. B. To discuss a program. C. To make an appointment. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题. 6. What does Mark like to write? A. Poems. B. Novels. C. Short stories. 7. What can winners do after the contest? A. Tour around the USA. B. Get the prize money. C. Attend the award ceremony. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why is the man going to London? A. For study. B. For work. C. For pleasure. 9. What will the woman do for the man? A. Find a guide. B. Reserve a room. C. Look after his kids. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Why did the woman fail to answer the man’s calls last night? A. She was asleep. B. She was busy. C. She was ill. 11. What made the woman become interested in acting? A. A drama course. B. A theatrical show. C. A part-time job. 12. How does acting affect the woman? A. She is more outgoing. B. She gets more confident. C. She makes more wonders. 13. Why does the woman suggest the man take drama classes? A. To overcome shyness. B. To make friends. C. To get experience. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What made the woman become interested in nature? A. Her living conditions. B. Her family tradition. C. Her travel experience. 15. What aspect of wildlife does the woman work on? A. Species. B. Behavior. C. Lifespan. 16. What was the subject of the woman’s first research? A. Wolves. B. Lions. C. Bears. 17. What does the woman like to do in her free time? A. Take pictures. B. Write blogs. C. Give presentations. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker’s father do? A. He’s a teacher. B. He’s a journalist. C. He’s a doctor. 19. What did the speaker dislike about being a chocolate tester? A Getting low pay. B. Doing with marketing. C. Taking business trips. 20. What does the speaker think he is gifted at? A. Discovering facts. B. Taking pictures. C. Writing stories. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项。 A Why go to Madrid? There may be a slight chill (寒冷) in the air, with temperatures staying around 15℃ in March, but Spain’s handsome capital is slowly starting to warm up. Even more attractive are the cultural events. A new exhibition on the living and working spaces of Spain’s greatest artist, Picasso, has just opened in the studio at the Fundación Mapfre at Paseo de Recoletos 23. It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family. Later this summer, the 400th anniversary of the death of the Renaissance (文艺复兴) painter EI Greco will be marked with an exciting exhibition at the Museo del Prado at Paseo del Prado from 24 June to 5 October. How to go? The widest range of fights is offered by EasyJet — from Bristo, Edinburgh, Gatwick, Liverpool and Luton. British Airways and its sister airline Iberia combine forces from Heathrow and London City. Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted; Air Europa flies from Gatwick. Barajas airport is 13km north-cast of the city center and is served by frequent trains on Metro line 8 but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex with at least one change at Nuevos Miniterios station and takes about 30 minutes. The fare to any station in the city centre is €4.50. The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock; €5 ore way. It takes 40 minutes to reach the city center. A taxi takes half the time. A flat rate of €30 covers most of central Madrid. 1. When will the exhibition about Picasso close? A. On 23 March. B. On 11 May. C. On 24 June. D. On 5 October. 2. Which airline operates flights from Manchester to Madrid? A. EasyJet. B. Ryanair. C. Air Europa. D. British Airways. 3. What is the fastest way to reach central Madrid from Barajas airport? A. Take a taxi. B. Take a city bus. C. Take Metro line 8. D. Take the airport express bus. B As I’ve grown older, my connection to nature has become stronger. Recently, I was fortunate to spend a good part of a week immersed in the wilderness, following the teachings of my father from my childhood. Ever since I was 10, my sister, father, and I would load up his canoe (独木舟) with supplies and venture into the heart of Algonquin Park. There were years when I ignored the call of Algonquin, caught up in the busyness of life — graduate school, and raising young children. It all felt overwhelming. But as time passed, my children grew older, and the call of Algonquin grew louder. With the support of my family, I finally heeded that call again, and started planning to take part in one of our family trips there. My family’s expertise in the outdoors has been invaluable for such trips. My sister, a teacher, carefully plans our trips while my dad, a skilled outdoorsman, effortlessly handles tasks like setting up camp and preparing meals. And my husband is really strong and good at moving things around. But, as the trip got closer, my husband suddenly hurt his leg. And suddenly, I was faced with managing the first part of the trip as the only adult. Could I drive my daughters, alone, to Algonquin’s remote north boundary to meet my dad and stepmom? Could I steer (驾驶) the canoe? Could I carry the canoe? I had driven across Canada, alone, in my twenties, well before Google Maps. I was pretty sure I could steer if we kept to smaller lakes that were less likely to become windswept. But I feared carrying a canoe. Plus, lifting it onto my shoulders seemed impossible for someone of my strength. But Algonquin was calling me. I channeled the fearless independence of my younger self and called Dad. “If we shorten the route and I find a lightweight canoe, the girls and I are coming,” I told him. With guidance from YouTube and my sister, I mastered the technique of lifting the canoe onto my shoulders and on the day, I unloaded it without a hitch. The trip was serene. I was reunited with the beauty of Algonquin — the majestic red pines, serene lakes, and the sense of peace that comes with being in the wilderness. This journey felt like a pilgrimage (朝圣), reconnecting me with my adventurous younger self who isn’t extinct, just out of practice. 4. What contributed to my taking part in a family trip again? A. Ignorance of the call of Algonquin. B. Being caught up in the busyness of life. C. My children getting older and louder. D. Confidence in family and support from them. 5. Which of the following was the author confident of? A. Managing the first part of the trip. B. Steering canoe in small and calm lakes. C. Carrying the canoe by herself. D. Lifting the canoe onto her shoulders. 6. What kind of person can we learn about the author? A. Independent and humorous. B. Pessimistic and unmotivated. C. Nature-loving and adventurous. D. Ambitious and self-confident. 7. What message is mainly conveyed in the text? A. It’s never too late for a woman to take a risk. B. Your family is there for you whatever happens. C. You should find and stick to what you are good at. D. Reunion with nature brings back one’s real self. C Want to know what is coming soon to a cinema near you? Probably not a 1.5-hour-long movie, as in the old days. On October 20th comes Killers of the Flower Moon. At nearly three and a half hours, its length is nearly double that of the average film last year. Even movie fans struggle to concentrate for that long and some viewers even nod off. Afterwards there is a mad dash for the toilets. When does watching a film become such a slog? The Economist analyzed over 100,000 feature films released internationally since the 1930s, the start of Hollywood’s golden age, using data from IMDb, a movie database. The average length of productions rose by around 24%, from one hour and 21 minutes in the 1930s to one hour and 47 minutes in 2022. For the ten most-popular titles, the average length grew to around two and a half hours in 2022, nearly 50% higher than in the 1930s. One driver of this trend is that studios want to squeeze the most out of their costly intellectual property (知识产权), but they are competing with streaming platforms for eyeballs. The hope is that a spectacular, drawn-out “event” movie will draw audiences away from the small screen and into cinemas. This approach has often paid off: Avengers: Endgame Marvel’s three-hour superhero masterpieces, was the highest-grossing (票房最高的) film in 2019. Last year long movies series made up most of the highest-grossing films in America. Another explanation for longer films has to do with directors’ growing influence. Who would dare tell the likes of Mr. Nolan to cut out his masterpieces? Moreover, streaming platforms, which do not have to worry as much about the length because viewers can pause whenever they like, may attract big names by promising them sufficient fund and creative freedom. Netflix funded and released three-hour The Irishman in 2019, a film that would have benefited from a decisive editor, Irish or otherwise. 8. The underlined part “a slog” in paragraph 1 refers to a(n)___. A. pleasure B. effort C. conflict D. feast 9. What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A. The average length affects the popularity of films. B. Great advances have been made in film industry. C. Hollywood starts a golden age of feature films. D. The average duration of movies has stretched. 10. What sets the trend of longer movies? A Competition for the target audience. B. Thirst for more classic productions. C. Influence of streaming platforms. D. Preference for decisive editors. 11 What is probably the best title for the passage? A. Movie Enthusiasts B. Movie Marathons C. Movie Production D. Movie Influence D broccoli When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes (酶) in saliva (唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth. The same enzymes are also locked away in the cells of Brassica vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower. When we chew broccoli, these enzymes spill out of their storage containers while those in our mouth start to work. These enzymes break down a compound (化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compound into sharp smell molecules (分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a person’s saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste to adults. According to these past studies, when different adults consume broccoli, there can be a huge difference in how many unpleasant smells the food lets off as their saliva-borne enzymes break it to bits. But the authors wondered whether the same difference can be seen in kids, who are usually more sensitive to bitter and sour tastes. They suspected that kids whose saliva produced the most smelly, SMCSO-sourced compounds would show the strongest dislike for broccoli. And the team’s new study proved their assumption. While both adults’ and kids’ saliva produced smelly compounds when exposed to cauliflower, these smells did not influence whether adults liked the vegetable. On the other hand, kids whose saliva produced high concentrations of these smells reported hating cauliflower the most. The new study included 98 pairs of parents and children aged 6 to 8. After taking samples of each participant’s saliva, the scientists mixed it into raw cauliflower powder. They measured the SMCSO-sourced smell compounds let off and found each participant’s saliva generated a different quantity of smells. Interestingly, the degree of sickly smell production was similar between parents’ saliva and their children’s. This indicates that parents and kids likely carry similar bacteria in their mouths, which would cause them to produce similar levels of cysteine lyases. Our senses of taste and smell are strongest in youth, which may make kids even more sensitive to these differences in flavor. The same preference pattern is not seen in adults, who also produce plenty of bad smells. This suggests that the adults came to tolerate the taste of Brassica vegetables. The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eating it more. 12. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A. The function of mouth bacteria. B. The cause of an unpleasant flavor. C. The feature of Brassica vegetables. D. The form of enzymes in our mouth. 13. What do previous studies indicate? A. SMCSO-breakdown depends on various enzymes. B. Enzymes determine the taste of Brassica vegetables. C. Individuals release varying amounts of smell molecules. D. Kids producing the most smells hate broccoli particularly. 14. What can we conclude from the passage? A. We might accept some foods through repeated exposure. B. The level of smells may affect an adult’s taste preference. C. Parents’ and their kids’ saliva-borne enzymes don’t match. D. Kids’ saliva could produce higher concentrations of smells. 15. Why does the author write the passage? A. To explain a food preference. B. To introduce a research method. C. To illustrate a biological process. D. To show the discovery of an enzyme. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tennis is a particularly rewarding sport. ____16____ Perhaps the most obvious benefits tennis offers are the physical ones. However, it is also an incredibly mental sport. If there is one key aspect of the mental side of tennis, it’s that tennis is a game of problem solving. It is very easy to self-destruct(自我毁灭) when playing tennis if you let your expectations and ego get the better of you. So, simply playing the ball that is in front of you is the simplest way to approach the game, along with taking each point at a time. That being said, it is much easier said than done. ____17____ Even if it is as simple as playing to your opponent’s backhand as much as possible, or aiming to hit as many cross court(对角线球) balls as you can, it is important to have a plan of attack if you want to be successful on the court. ____18____ You may have the best plan in the world, but if you aren’t performing well enough to execute it or your opponent cottons on(领悟) what you’ re trying to do, you’ll need to adapt, improvise(临时做) and overcome. Adapting to new conditions, court surfaces, balls and playing styles is all part of becoming a better tennis player! ____19____ This means you need to be incredibly tough to play good tennis and overcome hardship. Don’t be too much bothered by some points you lose. Just learn from your mistakes but not let them get you down. Tennis is also about playing the big points well and understanding that not all points hold the same weight across the course of a match. Putting disappointment behind you and trying to play the next point with a positive attitude can be very difficult to do. ____20____ A. However, being flexible is also important. B. You will always have to have some form of strategy. C. However, it is a key part of becoming a better tennis player. D. It can bring with it a whole host of physical and mental benefits. E. Every backhand shot you hit is what you throw at your opponent. F. Mastering the game of tennis takes a lot of mental and physical dedication. G. The scoring system in tennis means you can win more points and still lose a match! 第三部分: 英语知识运用 (共三节, 满分40分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Attending a new school can be a big challenge for any student. ___21___, for 15-year -old Sergio Peralta, he found a group of innovative students who ___22___ his life. In the first days of the new school year at Hendersonville, Peralta tried to cover up the ___23___ fact - his right hand was not fully ___24___. But a teacher in the engineering program, Jeff Wilkins, eventually learned of the ___25___ and suggested that his engineering students might be able to help out. Though the students were unsure if the idea would work, they didn’t let ___26___ stop them from trying. With ___27___ to online models and a 3D printer, they spent four weeks ___28___, sizing, and creating a robotic hand for Peralta. Then the students ___29___ it with a game of catch. For the first time, Peralta was able to play catch with both hands. And having lived without one hand for 15 years, he never ___30___ it. The students also discovered ___31___ how engineering can be used to make a ___32___ difference. This ambitious project ___33___ not only the vision but also the leadership behind the engineering program of Wilkins’ class, which was meant to turn concepts into ___34___, said principal Bob Cotter. Peralta’s robotic hand bears ___35___ to the kindness and creativity of the students. 21. A. Stressfully B. Happily C. Obviously D. Secretly 22. A. extended B. saved C. transformed D. shaped 23. A. embarrassing B. amazing C. inspiring D. puzzling 24. A. protected B. copied C. developed D. examined 25. A. opportunity B. potential C. progress D. situation 26. A. laughter B. uncertainty C. fear D. shame 27. A. access B. regard C. priority D. devotion 28. A. proposing B. training C. designing D. displaying 29. A. tested B. measured C. recorded D. improved 30. A. trusted B. expected C. abandoned D. regretted 31. A. comprehensively B. first-hand C. toughly D. single-handed 32. A. practical B. reasonable C. competitive D. social 33. A. promotes B. shares C. restricts D. represents 34. A. dream B. support C. profit D. reality 35. A. preference B. response C. witness D. reward 第二节 单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 36. Whenever a major public event takes place, the local government will strengthen __________ to prevent any possible accidents. A. integrity B. ingredient C. security D. innovation 37. She is a strong __________ for the scholarship due to her excellent academic performance. A. candidate B. component C. philosophy D. tournament 38. Worried about the tight schedule, she __________ the invitation to the concert with great reluctance. A. facilitated B. compensated C. persevered D. declined 39. She got a __________ job at the local library after years of working as a part-time assistant. A. abstract B. classic C. permanent D. complicated 40. Some fruits, such as apples, taste better when they are fully __________ and have developed their natural sweetness. A. integral B. mature C. vital D. distinct 41. She practiced dancing every day for months, yet her attempts to win the contest were __________. A. in detail B. in advance C. in vain D. in general 42. Even when the power went out last night, the students __________ studying by candlelight until they finished their assignments. A. carried on B. burst onto C. turned on D. cheered up 43. — No one answered when I phoned this morning. Where were you? — I ______ for teeth in the dental clinic. A. treated B. have been treated C. was treated D. was being treated 44. Dr. Li, as well as her parents, __________ hard to treat patients and develop medicines over the past two months. A. are working B. has been working C. have been working D. had worked 45. — Guess what? I’ve got the opportunity for a short-term visit to Austria this summer. — Lucky you! You _______a different culture then. A. have been experiencing B. will have experienced C. will be experiencing D. have experienced 第三节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. ___________ (equip) with modern facilities is necessary for a school to provide a good learning environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. New evidence might lead to the ________ (conclude) that we are wrong. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Many unique plants are native ___________ the Amazon rainforest. (用适当的词填空) 49. Steve Jobs was an extremely ___________ (influence) figure in the field of technology, whose ideas changed the way we use electronic devices. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. The movie “1917” reveals the ___________ (cruel) of war vividly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. By the time I got to the airport, the plane ___________ (take) off. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. She went to the party with the ___________ (intend) of making new friends and having a good time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. The reporter was ___________ the spot to cover the breaking news of the accident. (用适当的词填空) 54. The job market is so ___________ (compete) that you have to have excellent skills and qualifications to stand out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. The construction of the new building is progressing ___________ (steady). (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 56. 假定你是李华，你喜爱的一个英文网站正在进行“The Low-carbon Lifestyle Around Me”为话题的论坛活动。请你用英语写一篇短文放在论坛上，内容包括： 1. 你对低碳生活的理解； 2. 你和家人是如何做的。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Low-carbon Lifestyle Around Me ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a cold, snowy evening, Jack was at the corner shop, with his sole focus on the Marvel (漫威) superhero figurines (小雕像). Since then, he had diligently walked a neighbor’s dog and weeded his neighbors’ gardens to earn money for one figurine. Finally he had enough money for one and raced towards the corner shop. Lost in excitement, he accidentally tripped over a homeless old man seated against a wall in the cold, quickly murmuring an apology before continuing on his way. Inside the shop, Jack glanced at the shelves displaying Hulk, Thor, Captain America, Iron Man, and other beloved heroes. His heart raced as he reached for the Spiderman. “You’re a fan, right?” a friendly voice appeared behind him. Jack turned to see the shopkeeper, an elderly man with a warm smile. “Yes, they’re amazing!” Jack said. “They’re strong, and they help so many people. They have super power. I wish I could be a superhero too.” “You can be,” the shopkeeper encouraged. Surprised, Jack asked, “But how? I don’t have any super power.” Smiling softly, the shopkeeper bent down, placing his hands on Jack’s arms. “Why would you need them?” he replied kindly. “See that woman over there? She needs to take care of three children. However, she still actively helps the elderly in the community. And do you know Jimmy? He is a firefighter who has saved countless lives. Being a hero isn’t about super power; it’s about what’s in your heart.” Locking eyes with Jack, the shopkeeper smiled. “You don’t need super power to be a hero. It starts with your heart.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hearing what the shopkeeper said, Jack was lost in thought. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With relief, Jack found the homeless old man still sitting against the wall. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5 CBAAC 6-10 ACCBB 11-15 BBAAB 16-20 CACBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 大庆实验中学2023级高二上学期期末考试 英语学科试题 说明：1.请将答案填涂在答题卡的指定区域内。 2.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman learn Chinese? A. At a summer school. B. From a family member. C. On a language app. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A trip. B. A film. C. A friend. 3. What will the man do tomorrow? A. Attend a party. B. See his nephew. C. Do some shopping. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a farmers’ market. C. In a grocery store. 5. Why does the woman call the man? A. To express thanks. B. To discuss a program. C. To make an appointment. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题. 6. What does Mark like to write? A. Poems. B. Novels. C. Short stories. 7. What can winners do after the contest? A. Tour around the USA. B. Get the prize money. C. Attend the award ceremony. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why is the man going to London? A. For study. B. For work. C. For pleasure. 9. What will the woman do for the man? A. Find a guide. B. Reserve a room. C. Look after his kids. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Why did the woman fail to answer the man’s calls last night? A. She was asleep. B. She was busy. C. She was ill. 11. What made the woman become interested in acting? A. A drama course. B. A theatrical show. C. A part-time job. 12. How does acting affect the woman? A. She is more outgoing. B. She gets more confident. C. She makes more wonders. 13. Why does the woman suggest the man take drama classes? A. To overcome shyness. B. To make friends. C. To get experience. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What made the woman become interested in nature? A. Her living conditions. B. Her family tradition. C. Her travel experience. 15. What aspect of wildlife does the woman work on? A. Species. B. Behavior. C. Lifespan. 16. What was the subject of the woman’s first research? A. Wolves. B. Lions. C. Bears. 17. What does the woman like to do in her free time? A. Take pictures. B. Write blogs. C. Give presentations. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker’s father do? A. He’s a teacher. B. He’s a journalist. C. He’s a doctor. 19. What did the speaker dislike about being a chocolate tester? A. Getting low pay. B. Doing with marketing. C. Taking business trips. 20. What does the speaker think he is gifted at? A. Discovering facts. B. Taking pictures. C. Writing stories. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项。 A Why go to Madrid? There may be a slight chill (寒冷) in the air, with temperatures staying around 15℃ in March, but Spain’s handsome capital is slowly starting to warm up. Even more attractive are the cultural events. A new exhibition on the living and working spaces of Spain’s greatest artist, Picasso, has just opened in the studio at the Fundación Mapfre at Paseo de Recoletos 23. It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family. Later this summer, the 400th anniversary of the death of the Renaissance (文艺复兴) painter EI Greco will be marked with an exciting exhibition at the Museo del Prado at Paseo del Prado from 24 June to 5 October. How to go? The widest range of fights is offered by EasyJet — from Bristo, Edinburgh, Gatwick, Liverpool and Luton. British Airways and its sister airline Iberia combine forces from Heathrow and London City. Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted; Air Europa flies from Gatwick. Barajas airport is 13km north-cast of the city center and is served by frequent trains on Metro line 8, but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex with at least one change at Nuevos Miniterios station and takes about 30 minutes. The fare to any station in the city centre is €4.50. The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock; €5 ore way. It takes 40 minutes to reach the city center. A taxi takes half the time. A flat rate of €30 covers most of central Madrid. 1. When will the exhibition about Picasso close? A. On 23 March. B. On 11 May. C. On 24 June. D. On 5 October. 2. Which airline operates flights from Manchester to Madrid? A. EasyJet. B. Ryanair. C. Air Europa. D. British Airways. 3. What is the fastest way to reach central Madrid from Barajas airport? A. Take a taxi. B. Take a city bus. C. Take Metro line 8. D. Take the airport express bus. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是春季前往马德里的理由，包括回暖的气温、丰富的文化艺术活动以及便捷的交通方式，为游客提供详尽的出行指南和建议。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Why go to Madrid?部分第二段中的“It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.(展览将持续到5月11日，展出的都是从他的家人那里借来的罕见作品)”可知，关于毕加索的展览将于5月11日闭幕。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to go?部分第一段中的“Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted(瑞安航空（Ryanair）从曼彻斯特和斯坦斯特德（Stansted）起飞)”可知，瑞安航空从曼彻斯特飞去马德里。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to go?部分第二段中的“Barajas airport is 13km north-cast of the city center and is served by frequent trains on Metro line 8, but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex with at least one change at Nuevos Miniterios station and takes about 30 minutes. The fare to any station in the city entre is €4.50. The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock; €5 ore way. It takes 40 minutes to reach the city center. A taxi takes half the time.()”(巴拉哈斯机场位于市中心东北方向13公里处，经常有地铁8号线的列车为其提供服务，但最短的地铁旅程有点复杂，至少要在纽埃沃斯迷你火车站换乘一次，大约需要30分钟。到市中心任何一个车站的车费是4.5欧元。机场快线每15至35分钟一班，昼夜不停；车费是∈5。到市中心需要40分钟。打车只需要一半的时间)”可知，从巴拉哈斯机场到马德里市中心，乘最短的地铁需要30分钟，机场快线需要40分钟，而打车则需20分钟。由此可知，从巴拉哈斯机场到马德里市中心最快的方式是坐出租车。故选A。 B As I’ve grown older, my connection to nature has become stronger. Recently, I was fortunate to spend a good part of a week immersed in the wilderness, following the teachings of my father from my childhood. Ever since I was 10, my sister, father, and I would load up his canoe (独木舟) with supplies and venture into the heart of Algonquin Park. There were years when I ignored the call of Algonquin, caught up in the busyness of life — graduate school, and raising young children. It all felt overwhelming. But as time passed, my children grew older, and the call of Algonquin grew louder. With the support of my family, I finally heeded that call again, and started planning to take part in one of our family trips there. My family’s expertise in the outdoors has been invaluable for such trips. My sister, a teacher, carefully plans our trips while my dad, a skilled outdoorsman, effortlessly handles tasks like setting up camp and preparing meals. And my husband is really strong and good at moving things around. But, as the trip got closer, my husband suddenly hurt his leg. And suddenly, I was faced with managing the first part of the trip as the only adult. Could I drive my daughters, alone, to Algonquin’s remote north boundary to meet my dad and stepmom? Could I steer (驾驶) the canoe? Could I carry the canoe? I had driven across Canada, alone, in my twenties, well before Google Maps. I was pretty sure I could steer if we kept to smaller lakes that were less likely to become windswept. But I feared carrying a canoe. Plus, lifting it onto my shoulders seemed impossible for someone of my strength. But Algonquin was calling me. I channeled the fearless independence of my younger self and called Dad. “If we shorten the route and I find a lightweight canoe, the girls and I are coming,” I told him. With guidance from YouTube and my sister, I mastered the technique of lifting the canoe onto my shoulders and on the day, I unloaded it without a hitch. The trip was serene. I was reunited with the beauty of Algonquin — the majestic red pines, serene lakes, and the sense of peace that comes with being in the wilderness. This journey felt like a pilgrimage (朝圣), reconnecting me with my adventurous younger self who isn’t extinct, just out of practice. 4. What contributed to my taking part in a family trip again? A. Ignorance of the call of Algonquin. B. Being caught up in the busyness of life. C. My children getting older and louder. D. Confidence in family and support from them. 5. Which of the following was the author confident of? A. Managing the first part of the trip. B. Steering canoe in small and calm lakes. C. Carrying the canoe by herself. D. Lifting the canoe onto her shoulders. 6. What kind of person can we learn about the author? A. Independent and humorous. B. Pessimistic and unmotivated. C. Nature-loving and adventurous. D. Ambitious and self-confident. 7. What message is mainly conveyed in the text? A. It’s never too late for a woman to take a risk. B. Your family is there for you whatever happens. C. You should find and stick to what you are good at. D. Reunion with nature brings back one’s real self. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从亲近自然的一次家庭旅行，从而重新找回自己。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“With the support of my family, I finally heeded that call again, and started planning to take part in one of our family trips there.(在家人的支持下，我终于再次响应了那个呼唤，并开始计划参加我们的一次家庭旅行)”以及第三段“My family’s expertise in the outdoors has been invaluable for such trips.(我的家人在户外的专业知识对这样的旅行是无价的)”可知，家人的支持以及对家人户外活动的信心使作者重拾了儿时的热情，想要加入家庭旅行。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“I was pretty sure I could steer if we kept to smaller lakes that were less likely to become windswept.(我很确定，如果我们沿着不太可能被大风刮过的小湖泊行驶，我可以驾驶)”可知，作者对于在较小的不容易被风刮走的湖面上驾驶皮划艇很有信心。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ever since I was 10, my sister, father, and I would load up his canoe with supplies and venture into the heart of Algonquin Park.(从我10岁起，我姐姐、父亲和我就会把补给装上他的独木舟，冒险进入阿尔冈昆公园的中心)”和“But as time passed, my children grew older, and the call of Algonquin grew louder.(但随着时间的流逝，我的孩子们长大了，阿尔冈昆的呼唤也越来越响亮)”以及第六段第一句 “But Algonquin was calling me.(但是阿尔冈昆在呼唤我)”可知，作者十分热爱大自然。根据第六段第二句 “I channeled the fearless independence of my younger self and called Dad.(我恢复了年轻时那种无畏的独立，给爸爸打了电话)”以及最后一段“This journey felt like a pilgrimage, reconnecting me with my adventurous younger self who isn’t extinct, just out of practice.(这段旅程感觉就像朝圣之旅，让我与年轻时充满冒险精神的自己重新联系起来)”可知，作者的内在是充满冒险精神的。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段“As I’ve grown older, my connection to nature has become stronger.(随着年龄的增长，我与自然的联系越来越紧密)”以及最后一段“This journey felt like a pilgrimage, reconnecting me with my adventurous younger self who isn’t extinct, just out of practice.(这段旅程感觉就像朝圣之旅，让我与年轻时充满冒险精神的自己重新联系起来)”可知，本文主要是通过描写自己亲近自然的一次家庭旅行，从而重新找回自己。故选D。 C Want to know what is coming soon to a cinema near you? Probably not a 1.5-hour-long movie, as in the old days. On October 20th comes Killers of the Flower Moon. At nearly three and a half hours, its length is nearly double that of the average film last year. Even movie fans struggle to concentrate for that long and some viewers even nod off. Afterwards there is a mad dash for the toilets. When does watching a film become such a slog? The Economist analyzed over 100,000 feature films released internationally since the 1930s, the start of Hollywood’s golden age, using data from IMDb, a movie database. The average length of productions rose by around 24%, from one hour and 21 minutes in the 1930s to one hour and 47 minutes in 2022. For the ten most-popular titles, the average length grew to around two and a half hours in 2022, nearly 50% higher than in the 1930s. One driver of this trend is that studios want to squeeze the most out of their costly intellectual property (知识产权), but they are competing with streaming platforms for eyeballs. The hope is that a spectacular, drawn-out “event” movie will draw audiences away from the small screen and into cinemas. This approach has often paid off: Avengers: Endgame Marvel’s three-hour superhero masterpieces, was the highest-grossing (票房最高的) film in 2019. Last year long movies series made up most of the highest-grossing films in America. Another explanation for longer films has to do with directors’ growing influence. Who would dare tell the likes of Mr. Nolan to cut out his masterpieces? Moreover, streaming platforms, which do not have to worry as much about the length because viewers can pause whenever they like, may attract big names by promising them sufficient fund and creative freedom. Netflix funded and released three-hour The Irishman in 2019, a film that would have benefited from a decisive editor, Irish or otherwise. 8. The underlined part “a slog” in paragraph 1 refers to a(n)___. A. pleasure B. effort C. conflict D. feast 9. What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A. The average length affects the popularity of films. B. Great advances have been made in film industry. C. Hollywood starts a golden age of feature films. D. The average duration of movies has stretched. 10. What sets the trend of longer movies? A. Competition for the target audience. B. Thirst for more classic productions. C. Influence of streaming platforms. D. Preference for decisive editors. 11. What is probably the best title for the passage? A. Movie Enthusiasts B. Movie Marathons C. Movie Production D. Movie Influence 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为什么电影的时长变得越来越长，文章分析了出现这种现象的原因。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Even movie fans struggle to concentrate for that long and some viewers even nod off. Afterwards there is a mad dash for the toilets.(即使是影迷也很难在这么长时间内集中注意力，一些观众甚至会打盹。之后，人们疯狂地冲向厕所)”可知，看电影也不再是轻松的事，所以划线单词a slog指的是“艰苦的工作”，与effort意义一致。故填B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The average length of productions rose by around 24%, from one hour and 21 minutes in the 1930s to one hour and 47 minutes in 2022. For the ten most-popular titles, the average length grew to around two and a half hours in 2022, nearly 50% higher than in the 1930s.(制作的平均长度增加了约24%，从20世纪30年代的1小时21分钟增加到2022年的1小时47分钟。2022年，十大最受欢迎的游戏的平均时长增长到两个半小时左右，比上世纪30年代高出近50%)”可推知，电影的平均时长延长了。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One driver of this trend is that studios want to squeeze the most out of their costly intellectual property (知识产权), but they are competing with streaming platforms for eyeballs. The hope is that a spectacular, drawn-out “event” movie will draw audiences away from the small screen and into cinemas.(推动这一趋势的一个因素是，电影公司希望最大限度地利用其昂贵的知识产权，但他们也在与流媒体平台争夺眼球。他们希望一部壮观的、旷日持久的“大事件”电影能把观众从小屏幕吸引到电影院)”可知，电影平均时长延长是为了吸引观众到电影院。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Want to know what is coming soon to a cinema near you? Probably not a 1.5-hour-long movie, as in the old days. On October 20th comes Killers of the Flower Moon. At nearly three and a half hours, its length is nearly double that of the average film last year. Even movie fans struggle to concentrate for that long and some viewers even nod off. Afterwards there is a mad dash for the toilets. When does watching a film become such a slog?(想知道你附近的电影院即将上映什么电影吗？可能不会像过去那样是一部1.5小时长的电影。10月20日上映的《花月杀手》。该片时长近三个半小时，几乎是去年平均时长的两倍。即使是影迷也很难在这么长时间内集中注意力，一些观众甚至会打盹。之后，人们疯狂地冲向厕所。什么时候看电影变成了一件苦差事？)”及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了电影的时长变得越来越长这一现象，并分析了出现这种现象的原因。由此可知，B项“Movie Marathons(电影马拉松)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。 D broccoli When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes (酶) in saliva (唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth. The same enzymes are also locked away in the cells of Brassica vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower. When we chew broccoli, these enzymes spill out of their storage containers while those in our mouth start to work. These enzymes break down a compound (化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compound into sharp smell molecules (分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a person’s saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste to adults. According to these past studies, when different adults consume broccoli, there can be a huge difference in how many unpleasant smells the food lets off as their saliva-borne enzymes break it to bits. But the authors wondered whether the same difference can be seen in kids, who are usually more sensitive to bitter and sour tastes. They suspected that kids whose saliva produced the most smelly, SMCSO-sourced compounds would show the strongest dislike for broccoli. And the team’s new study proved their assumption. While both adults’ and kids’ saliva produced smelly compounds when exposed to cauliflower, these smells did not influence whether adults liked the vegetable. On the other hand, kids whose saliva produced high concentrations of these smells reported hating cauliflower the most. The new study included 98 pairs of parents and children aged 6 to 8. After taking samples of each participant’s saliva, the scientists mixed it into raw cauliflower powder. They measured the SMCSO-sourced smell compounds let off and found each participant’s saliva generated a different quantity of smells. Interestingly, the degree of sickly smell production was similar between parents’ saliva and their children’s. This indicates that parents and kids likely carry similar bacteria in their mouths, which would cause them to produce similar levels of cysteine lyases. Our senses of taste and smell are strongest in youth, which may make kids even more sensitive to these differences in flavor. The same preference pattern is not seen in adults, who also produce plenty of bad smells. This suggests that the adults came to tolerate the taste of Brassica vegetables. The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eating it more. 12. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A. The function of mouth bacteria. B. The cause of an unpleasant flavor. C. The feature of Brassica vegetables. D. The form of enzymes in our mouth. 13. What do previous studies indicate? A. SMCSO-breakdown depends on various enzymes. B. Enzymes determine the taste of Brassica vegetables. C. Individuals release varying amounts of smell molecules. D. Kids producing the most smells hate broccoli particularly. 14. What can we conclude from the passage? A. We might accept some foods through repeated exposure. B The level of smells may affect an adult’s taste preference. C. Parents’ and their kids’ saliva-borne enzymes don’t match. D. Kids’ saliva could produce higher concentrations of smells. 15. Why does the author write the passage? A. To explain a food preference. B. To introduce a research method. C. To illustrate a biological process. D. To show the discovery of an enzyme. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们之所以在吃到西兰花的时候觉得难吃是因为口腔唾液中的一种特定的酶。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一、第二段“When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes(酶) in saliva(唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth.(当端上花椰菜或西兰花时，一些孩子会厌烦地转身离开。不要责怪他们，一项新的研究表明，唾液中的特定酶可能会让一些孩子觉得这些蔬菜很难吃。这些酶被称为半胱氨酸裂解酶，是由口腔中的细菌产生的。)”可知，这两段主要解释了为什么吃西兰花的时候会觉得难吃，也就是解释了难闻的味道的起因。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“These enzymes break down a compound(化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compound into sharp smell molecules(分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a person’s saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste to adults.(这些酶在这些蔬菜中分解一种叫做SMCSO的化合物，这个分解过程将这种化合物转化为有强烈气味的分子。先前对成年人的研究表明，人唾液中半胱氨酸裂解酶的活性水平决定了SMCSO的分解程度。这反过来又影响了这些蔬菜对成年人而言尝起来的味道。)”可知，这些酶决定了西兰花的味道。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eating it more(这些发现与过去关于我们的口味如何随时间变化的研究一致：我们可以通过多吃来克服对某种食物的厌恶。)”可知，通过不断地接触，我们可以接受某种不太喜欢的事物。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是第一段“When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes(酶) in saliva(唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. (当端上花椰菜或西兰花时，一些孩子会厌烦地转身离开。不要责怪他们，一项新的研究表明，唾液中的特定酶可能会让一些孩子觉得这些蔬菜很难吃。)”可推断，作者以 “儿童蔬菜厌恶” 为切入点，通过拆解唾液酶的作用机制与研究证据，最终目的是科学解释食物偏好的个体差异，并揭示 “味觉可随成长与体验改变” 的生物学规律。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是解释一种食物偏好。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tennis is a particularly rewarding sport. ____16____ Perhaps the most obvious benefits tennis offers are the physical ones. However, it is also an incredibly mental sport. If there is one key aspect of the mental side of tennis, it’s that tennis is a game of problem solving. It is very easy to self-destruct(自我毁灭) when playing tennis if you let your expectations and ego get the better of you. So, simply playing the ball that is in front of you is the simplest way to approach the game, along with taking each point at a time. That being said, it is much easier said than done. ____17____ Even if it is as simple as playing to your opponent’s backhand as much as possible, or aiming to hit as many cross court(对角线球) balls as you can, it is important to have a plan of attack if you want to be successful on the court. ____18____ You may have the best plan in the world, but if you aren’t performing well enough to execute it or your opponent cottons on(领悟) what you’ re trying to do, you’ll need to adapt, improvise(临时做) and overcome. Adapting to new conditions, court surfaces, balls and playing styles is all part of becoming a better tennis player! ____19____ This means you need to be incredibly tough to play good tennis and overcome hardship. Don’t be too much bothered by some points you lose. Just learn from your mistakes but not let them get you down. Tennis is also about playing the big points well and understanding that not all points hold the same weight across the course of a match. Putting disappointment behind you and trying to play the next point with a positive attitude can be very difficult to do. ____20____ A. However, being flexible is also important. B. You will always have to have some form of strategy. C. However, it is a key part of becoming a better tennis player. D. It can bring with it a whole host of physical and mental benefits. E. Every backhand shot you hit is what you throw at your opponent. F. Mastering the game of tennis takes a lot of mental and physical dedication. G. The scoring system in tennis means you can win more points and still lose a match! 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了网球运动带来的身心益处，以及打好网球在心理层面需要具备的素质。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Tennis is a particularly rewarding sport.(网球是一项特别有益运动)”以及下文“Perhaps the most obvious benefits tennis offers are the physical ones. However, it is also an incredibly mental sport.(也许网球带来的最明显的益处是身体方面的。然而，它也是一项非常考验心理的运动)”可知此处要讲述网球带来的身心益处，这与D项“It can bring with it a whole host of physical and mental benefits.(它能带来一系列身心方面的益处)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Even if it is as simple as playing to your opponent’s backhand as much as possible, or aiming to hit as many cross court(对角线球) balls as you can, it is important to have a plan of attack if you want to be successful on the court.(即使简单到尽可能多地打对手的反手，或者尽可能多地打对角线球，如果你想在球场上取得成功，有一个进攻计划是很重要的)”可知此处强调在网球运动中策略的重要性，与B项“You will always have to have some form of strategy.(你总是得有某种形式的策略)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“You may have the best plan in the world, but if you aren’t performing well enough to execute it or your opponent cottons on(领悟) what you’ re trying to do, you’ll need to adapt, improvise(临时做) and overcome.(你可能有世界上最好的计划，但如果你表现得不够好而无法执行它，或者你的对手察觉到你在做什么，你就需要适应、临时调整并克服困难)”可知此处强调灵活性的重要性，这与A项“However, being flexible is also important.(然而，灵活性也很重要)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“This means you need to be incredibly tough to play good tennis and overcome hardship. Don’t be too much bothered by some points you lose. Just learn from your mistakes but not let them get you down.(这意味着你需要非常坚强才能打好网球并克服困难。不要太在意你失去的分数。从错误中学习，但不要让它们让你沮丧)”可知上文提到了要有强大的心理投入且不必过于在意失去的分数，可推理出相反的一种情况就是得分了却输掉了比赛，G项“The scoring system in tennis means you can win more points and still lose a match!(网球的得分规则意味着你可能赢得更多的分数，却输掉了比赛)”表达的含义符合语境，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Putting disappointment behind you and trying to play the next point with a positive attitude can be very difficult to do.(把失望抛在脑后，试图以积极的态度打下一分是非常困难的)”可知上文提到了要把失望抛在脑后，以积极的态度打下一分，可推理出此处强调这一行为对成为更好的网球运动员的重要性，与C项“However, it is a key part of becoming a better tennis player.(然而，这是成为一名更好的网球运动员的关键部分)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 第三部分: 英语知识运用 (共三节, 满分40分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Attending a new school can be a big challenge for any student. ___21___, for 15-year -old Sergio Peralta, he found a group of innovative students who ___22___ his life. In the first days of the new school year at Hendersonville, Peralta tried to cover up the ___23___ fact - his right hand was not fully ___24___. But a teacher in the engineering program, Jeff Wilkins, eventually learned of the ___25___ and suggested that his engineering students might be able to help out. Though the students were unsure if the idea would work, they didn’t let ___26___ stop them from trying. With ___27___ to online models and a 3D printer, they spent four weeks ___28___, sizing, and creating a robotic hand for Peralta. Then the students ___29___ it with a game of catch. For the first time, Peralta was able to play catch with both hands. And having lived without one hand for 15 years, he never ___30___ it. The students also discovered ___31___ how engineering can be used to make a ___32___ difference. This ambitious project ___33___ not only the vision but also the leadership behind the engineering program of Wilkins’ class, which was meant to turn concepts into ___34___, said principal Bob Cotter. Peralta’s robotic hand bears ___35___ to the kindness and creativity of the students. 21. A. Stressfully B. Happily C. Obviously D. Secretly 22. A. extended B. saved C. transformed D. shaped 23. A. embarrassing B. amazing C. inspiring D. puzzling 24. A. protected B. copied C. developed D. examined 25. A. opportunity B. potential C. progress D. situation 26. A. laughter B. uncertainty C. fear D. shame 27. A. access B. regard C. priority D. devotion 28. A. proposing B. training C. designing D. displaying 29. A. tested B. measured C. recorded D. improved 30. A. trusted B. expected C. abandoned D. regretted 31. A. comprehensively B. first-hand C. toughly D. single-handed 32. A. practical B. reasonable C. competitive D. social 33. A. promotes B. shares C. restricts D. represents 34. A. dream B. support C. profit D. reality 35. A. preference B. response C. witness D. reward 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了工程专业学生为为残疾同学制作机械手的故事。  【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于15岁的Sergio Peralta来说，他发现了一群创新的学生，他们改变了他的生活。A. Stressfully紧张地；B. Happily幸运地；C. Obviously显然；D. Secretly秘密地。根据后文“creating a robotic hand for Peralta”可知，学生为他制作了机械手，改变了他的生活，可知这是幸运地。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于15岁的Sergio Peralta来说，他发现了一群创新的学生，他们改变了他的生活。A. extended扩大；B. saved挽救；C. transformed改变；D. shaped塑造。根据上文“innovative students”以及后文“his life”以及“creating a robotic hand for Peralta”可知，这些学生改变了他的生活，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Hendersonville新学年的头几天，Peralta试图掩盖一个令人尴尬的事实——他的右手还没有完全发育。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. amazing惊人的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据后文“his right hand was not fully”可知，Peralta觉得右手残疾是令人尴尬的事实。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Hendersonville新学年的头几天， Peralta试图掩盖一个令人尴尬的事实——他的右手还没有完全发育。A. protected保护；B. copied复制；C. developed发育，发展；D. examined检查。根据后文“And having lived without one hand for 15 years”可知，他的右手没有完全发育。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但工程专业的老师Jeff Wilkins最终得知了情况，并建议他的工程专业学生或许可以帮忙。A. opportunity机会；B. potential潜能；C. progress进步；D. situation情况。根据后文“suggested that his engineering students might be able to help out”可知，老师了解了他的情况，建议学生去帮忙。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然学生们不确定这个想法是否可行，但他们并没有让不确定性阻止他们去尝试。A. laughter笑声；B. uncertainty不确定；C. fear恐惧；D. shame羞愧。根据上文“Though the students were unsure if the idea would work”可知，他们不确定想法是否可行，即存在不确定性，但他们并没有让不确定性阻止他们去尝试。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了在线模型和3D打印机，他们花了四周的时间为Peralta设计、调整尺寸并制作了一只机械手。A. access进入；B. regard尊重；C. priority优先事项；D. devotion奉献。根据后文“to online models and a 3D printer”可知，他们使用了在线模型和3D打印机，access to表示“使用”。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了在线模型和3D打印机，他们花了四周的时间为Peralta设计、调整尺寸并制作了一只机器人手。A. proposing提议；B. training训练；C. designing设计；D. displaying展示。根据后文“sizing, and creating a robotic hand for Peralta”可知，制作机械手需要先设计、调整尺寸，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后学生们用一个接球游戏来测试它。A. tested测试；B. measured测量；C. recorded记录；D. improved改善。根据后文“it with a game of catch”可知，通过游戏来测试机械手，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在没有一只手的情况下生活了15年，他从来没有想到会有一只手。A. trusted信任；B. expected预期，预料；C. abandoned抛弃；D. regretted后悔。根据上文“And having lived without one hand for 15 years, he never”可知，他在没有一只手的情况下生活了15年，没有预料自己还能得到一只手。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：学生们还亲身发现了如何利用工程学来产生实际影响。A. comprehensively彻底地；B. first-hand亲自地；C. toughly固执地；D. single-handed单独地。根据上文“The students also discovered”以及学生是自己制作的这只机械手，所以是亲身发现的。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们还亲身发现了如何利用工程学来产生实际影响。A. practical实际；B. reasonable合理的；C. competitive竞争的；D. social社会的。根据上文“his life”以及“creating a robotic hand for Peralta”可知，工程学的学生用自己的知识制作了机械手，改变了别人的生活，即产生了实际影响。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：校长Bob Cotter说：“这个雄心勃勃的项目不仅代表着远见，也代表着Wilkins班工程学项目背后的领导能力，这一项目旨在将概念变为现实。”A. promotes促进；B. shares分享；C. restricts约束；D. represents代表。根据后文“not only the vision but also the leadership behind the engineering program of Wilkins’ class”指项目背后代表着远见，也代表着威尔金斯班工程学项目背后的领导能力，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：校长Bob Cotter说：“这个雄心勃勃的项目不仅代表着远见，也代表着Wilkins班工程学项目背后的领导能力，这一项目旨在将概念变为现实。”A. dream梦想；B. support支持；C. profit利益；D. reality现实。根据上文“turn concepts into”可知，项目把概念变成了现实，即机械手。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peralta的机械手见证了学生们的善良和创造力。A. preference偏爱；B. response回答；C. witness目击，见证；D. reward奖励。根据后文“to the kindness and creativity of the students”可知，机械手的成功见证了学生的善良和创造能力。故选C。 第二节 单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 36. Whenever a major public event takes place, the local government will strengthen __________ to prevent any possible accidents. A. integrity B. ingredient C. security D. innovation 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当重大公共活动发生时，地方政府会加强保护措施以防止任何可能的事故。A.integrity完整性；B.ingredient成分；C.security保护措施；D.innovation创新。根据to prevent any possible accidents可知，空格处应表达“保护措施”，以确保安全，用security。故选C。 37. She is a strong __________ for the scholarship due to her excellent academic performance. A. candidate B. component C. philosophy D. tournament 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于她优异的学业成绩，她是获得奖学金的有力候选人。A. candidate候选人；B. component组成部分；C. philosophy哲学；D. tournament锦标赛。由于提到了奖学金，故此处应填写能够表明参加争取奖学金的人的词语，因此选择candidate，意为“候选人”。故选A。 38. Worried about the tight schedule, she __________ the invitation to the concert with great reluctance. A. facilitated B. compensated C. persevered D. declined 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：担心紧张的时间安排，她极不情愿地拒绝了音乐会的邀请。A. facilitated促进；B. compensated补偿；C. persevered坚持；D. declined拒绝。由于tight schedule“紧张的时间安排”可知，她对音乐会的邀请是拒绝的，因此用declined表“拒绝”符合语境。故选D。 39. She got a __________ job at the local library after years of working as a part-time assistant. A. abstract B. classic C. permanent D. complicated 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在做了几年兼职助理之后，她在当地图书馆找到了一份固定的工作。A. abstract抽象的；B. classic经典的；C. permanent终生的，固定的；D. complicated复杂的。空格处修饰名词job，应表达一种长期稳定的工作，因此用permanent，符合题意。故选C。 40. Some fruits, such as apples, taste better when they are fully __________ and have developed their natural sweetness. A. integral B. mature C. vital D. distinct 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：某些水果，如苹果，在它们完全成熟并发展了它们的天然甜味时味道更好。A. integral完整的；B. mature 成熟的；C. vital至关重要的；D. distinct明显的。mature是描述水果达到理想食用状态最合适的词汇。故选B。 41. She practiced dancing every day for months, yet her attempts to win the contest were __________. A. in detail B. in advance C. in vain D. in general 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她连续几个月每天练习跳舞，但她想赢得比赛的努力都白费了。A. in detail详细地；B. in advance提前；预先；C. in vain徒然；白费；D. in general大体上；一般来说；通常。根据“She practiced dancing every day for months,”和转折词yet可知，她的努力都白费了。故选C。 42. Even when the power went out last night, the students __________ studying by candlelight until they finished their assignments. A. carried on B. burst onto C. turned on D. cheered up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使昨晚停电，学生们仍然在烛光下继续学习，直到他们完成作业。A. carried on继续；B. burst onto突然冲入；C. turned on打开；D. cheered up使振作。此处指是他们在困难情况下依然坚持完成学业，空格处应表达“继续”，用carried on。故选A。 43. — No one answered when I phoned this morning. Where were you? — I ______ for teeth in the dental clinic. A. treated B. have been treated C. was treated D. was being treated 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——早上我打电话时没人接听。你在哪里？——我在牙科诊室弄牙齿。此处作谓语动词，主语为I，与treat之间为被动关系，且此处指“早上打电话那个时候正在弄牙齿”，故应用过去正在进行时的被动语态，即was being treated，故选D。 44. Dr. Li, as well as her parents, __________ hard to treat patients and develop medicines over the past two months. A. are working B. has been working C. have been working D. had worked 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：在过去的两个月里，李博士以及她的父母一直在努力工作，治疗病人并研发药物。根据时间状语“over the past two months”可知，句子应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到现在，且现在动作正在进行，结合主语为Dr. Li, as well as her parents，as well as连接的多个名词或代词在作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数形式通常与最前面的名词或代词保持一致，即遵循“就远原则”。Dr. Li为单数人称，因此谓语动词使用第三单数形式。故选B。 45. — Guess what? I’ve got the opportunity for a short-term visit to Austria this summer. — Lucky you! You _______a different culture then. A. have been experiencing B. will have experienced C. will be experiencing D. have experienced 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你猜怎么着？今年夏天我有机会短期访问奥地利。——你真幸运！那时你将会体验到不同的文化。根据“I’ve got the opportunity for a short-term visit to Austria this summer.”可知，强调在将来的某个时间段(今年夏天)正在发生的动作，所以用将来进行时。故选C。 第三节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. ___________ (equip) with modern facilities is necessary for a school to provide a good learning environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Being equipped 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：配备现代化设施对于学校提供一个良好的学习环境是必要的。空处和空后的with modern facilities搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语，且此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，equip“配备”和a school逻辑上是被动关系，因此应用equip动名词的被动语态，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Being equipped。 47. New evidence might lead to the ________ (conclude) that we are wrong. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】conclusion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：新的证据可能会得出我们错了的结论。作宾语，应用名词conclusion，此处为特指应用单数。故填conclusion。 48. Many unique plants are native ___________ the Amazon rainforest. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：许多独特的植物原产于亚马逊雨林。native to...是固定搭配，意为“原产于……”，用介词to，符合题意。故填to。 49. Steve Jobs was an extremely ___________ (influence) figure in the field of technology, whose ideas changed the way we use electronic devices. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】influential 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：Steve Jobs是技术领域中极具影响力的人物，他的思想改变了我们使用电子设备的方式。本空需要修饰名词figure，作前置定语，用形容词形式influential表示“有影响力的”。故填influential。 50. The movie “1917” reveals the ___________ (cruel) of war vividly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cruelty 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：《1917》这部电影生动地揭示了战争的残酷。空处用于定冠词the之后，应用名词形式cruelty，表示“残酷”，作动词reveals的宾语。故填cruelty。 51. By the time I got to the airport, the plane ___________ (take) off. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had taken 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。根据上文By the time I got to the airport可知，此处谓语表示过去的过去，用过去完成时，故填had taken。 52. She went to the party with the ___________ (intend) of making new friends and having a good time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】intention 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她去参加聚会是为了结交新朋友和玩得开心。本空作with的宾语，用动词intend的名词形式intention，表示“意图”。故填intention。 53. The reporter was ___________ the spot to cover the breaking news of the accident. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：记者在事故现场报道突发新闻。此处意为“在现场”，用固定短语on the spot表示，本空用介词on，符合题意。故填on。 54. The job market is so ___________ (compete) that you have to have excellent skills and qualifications to stand out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】competitive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：就业市场竞争如此激烈，以至于你必须具备出色的技能和资历才能脱颖而出。空处作句子表语，表示“竞争激烈的”，应用形容词competitive。故填competitive。 55. The construction of the new building is progressing ___________ (steady). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】steadily 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：新大楼的建设正在稳步进行。空处修饰动词progressing，需用副词steadily“稳步地”，作状语。故填steadily。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 56. 假定你是李华，你喜爱的一个英文网站正在进行“The Low-carbon Lifestyle Around Me”为话题的论坛活动。请你用英语写一篇短文放在论坛上，内容包括： 1. 你对低碳生活的理解； 2. 你和家人是如何做的。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Low-carbon Lifestyle Around Me ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The Low-carbon Lifestyle Around Me “Low-carbon lifestyle ” is a concept aiming to lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible. At present, this lifestyle is being accepted in my family. My father used to drive his car to and from work, but things were different in the last spring Festival, during which he had enough time to experience the low-carbon lifestyle. We visited our relatives and friends by bicycle during the festival, which is good to our health and for the environment. Besides, I remember to turn off the light when I leave my room. I often use things that can be recycled. For example, I use both sides of the paper. I think it’s our duty to live a low-carbon life. Let’s put it into action as soon as possible. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就喜爱的一个英文网站正在进行的论坛活动写一篇短文放在论坛上。 【详解】1.词汇积累 目的是做：aiming to do→with the purpose of doing 目前：at present→currently 拜访：visit→pay a visit to 此外：besides→what’s more 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：“Low-carbon lifestyle” is a concept aiming to lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible. 拓展句：“Low-carbon lifestyle” is a concept which aims to lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible. 【点睛】【高分句型1】My father used to drive his car to and from work, but things were different in the last spring Festival, during which he had enough time to experience the low-carbon lifestyle.（运用了during which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Besides, I remember to turn off the light when I leave my room.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a cold, snowy evening, Jack was at the corner shop, with his sole focus on the Marvel (漫威) superhero figurines (小雕像). Since then, he had diligently walked a neighbor’s dog and weeded his neighbors’ gardens to earn money for one figurine. Finally he had enough money for one and raced towards the corner shop. Lost in excitement, he accidentally tripped over a homeless old man seated against a wall in the cold, quickly murmuring an apology before continuing on his way. Inside the shop, Jack glanced at the shelves displaying Hulk, Thor, Captain America, Iron Man, and other beloved heroes. His heart raced as he reached for the Spiderman. “You’re a fan right?” a friendly voice appeared behind him. Jack turned to see the shopkeeper, an elderly man with a warm smile. “Yes, they’re amazing!” Jack said. “They’re strong, and they help so many people. They have super power. I wish I could be a superhero too.” “You can be,” the shopkeeper encouraged. Surprised, Jack asked, “But how? I don’t have any super power.” Smiling softly, the shopkeeper bent down, placing his hands on Jack’s arms. “Why would you need them?” he replied kindly. “See that woman over there? She needs to take care of three children. However, she still actively helps the elderly in the community. And do you know Jimmy? He is a firefighter who has saved countless lives. Being a hero isn’t about super power; it’s about what’s in your heart.” Locking eyes with Jack, the shopkeeper smiled. “You don’t need super power to be a hero. It starts with your heart.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hearing what the shopkeeper said, Jack was lost in thought. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With relief, Jack found the homeless old man still sitting against the wall. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Hearing what the shopkeeper said, Jack was lost in thought. The shopkeeper’s words echoed over and over again in his mind. “How can I be a superhero without super power?” he thought to himself. Suddenly, the scene of the homeless old man trembling in the cold flashed across his mind. Jack made a crucial decision that instead of buying a superhero figurine, he walked out of the shop with a large shopping bag full of stuff. Hurriedly, Jack ran back to look for the homeless old man. With relief, Jack found the homeless old man still sitting against the wall. He knelt down beside the old man, offering him a warm smile. “I’m sorry for bumping into you earlier,” Jack said sincerely. “Can I get you something to eat or drink?” The old man looked up, surprised by Jack’s kindness. With a grateful nod, he accepted Jack’s offer. Just then, Jack realized that being a hero wasn’t just about saving the world—it was about making someone’s world a little brighter. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。在一个风雪交加的晚上，杰克为了买一个漫威英雄小雕像，努力工作攒钱。在去商店的路上，他不小心绊倒了一位流浪老人。进店后，他对店主说梦想成为超级英雄。店主告诉他，真正的英雄主义源于内心的善意与助人的行为，而非超能力。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“听到店主的话，杰克陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可以描写杰克听到店主的话后的心理活动和行动。 ②由第二段句首内容“杰克松了一口气，发现那个无家可归的老人仍然靠墙坐着。”可知，第二段可以描写杰克对于老人的帮助和感悟。 2.续写线索：沉思—决定—找老人—发现老人—帮助老人—感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①闪过脑海：flash across one’s mind/run through one’s mind ②做出关键决定：make a crucial decision/make a key decision ③走出商店：walk out of the shop/step out of the shop 情绪类 ①很抱歉，难过：sorry/apologetic ②感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】【高分句型1】Jack made a crucial decision that instead of buying a superhero figurine, he walked out of the shop with a large shopping bag full of stuff.( 运用了that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】He knelt down beside the old man, offering him a warm smile. ( 运用了现在分词offering作状语) 【高分句型3】Just then, Jack realized that being a hero wasn’t just about saving the world—it was about making someone’s world a little brighter. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 听力答案：1-5 CBAAC 6-10 ACCBB 11-15 BBAAB 16-20 CACBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$