精品解析：上海市华东师范大学第三附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

华东师大三附中2023学年第二学期期中考试 高二英语试题 时间：120分钟 满分： 150分 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. At the airport. B. At the hotel. C. At the restaurant. D. At the railway station. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. On TV. B. On the Internet. C. From the newspaper. D. From a friend. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A Husband and wife. B. Policeman and driver. C. Passenger and bus conductor. D. Boss and secretary. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm. C. At 2:00 pm. D. At 2:30 pm. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She found it very interesting. B. She found it very boring. C. She found it enjoyable during the first 30 minutes. D. She found it enjoyable after the first 30 minutes. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Make a recovery plan. B. Find a full-time job. C. Drop out of school. D. Resign from her present job. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Shopping with his son. B. Promoting a new product. C. Buying a gift for a kid. D. Bargaining with a salesgirl. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He is always late for work. B. He is having some financial problems. C. He is not careful enough with his work. D. He loses his temper easily. 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It is too hot in the room. B. She wants to avoid meeting people. C. She wants to smoke a cigarette outside. D. She doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Everyone in the company likes Mr. Dale. B. Mr. Dale has become director of the department. C. Mr. Dale gets on very well with his colleague. D. Mr. Dale is the focus of people’s attention. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Art history class is taught in the lecture hall. B. Mentally disabled children are taught outside the classroom. C. Professors teach through real world experiences. D. Students appreciate classroom learning. 12. A. To praise the professor. B. To support his point of view. C. To praise his friend. D. To advise us to study psychology. 13. A. Learning through firsthand experience is important. B. Students learn a lot from textbooks. C. Students develop their creativity through textbooks. D. Students get firsthand information from textbooks. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Consumers find TV advertisements too dull. B. Consumers travel more now than ever before. C. Out-of-home ads are more beautifully made. D. Out-of-home ads are easier to understand. 15. A. Quick to update. B. Pleasant to look at. C. Easy to remember. D. Convenient to obtain. 16. A. Comparison of different kinds of advertising. B. New forms of effective advertising. C. The disadvantages of traditional advertising. D. Effective ways to do effective advertisements. Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. Her story of completing a task. B. Her experience of being lost. C. Her trip abroad. D. Her success in career. 18. A. Met his friends. B. Attended a lecture. C. Gave a performance. D. Had a trip. 19. A. By following a man. B. By looking at a map. C. By asking an old woman. D. By asking the policeman for help. 20. A. He cannot stand the noise in the bar. B. He has a poor memory. C. He doesn't speak German. D. He doesn’t like to wear T-shirts. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. As long as there have been exams, students have found ways to cheat. Today the correct answers are just a few taps away on a smartphone. So, countries have come up with new ways ___21___ (stop) the funny business. Some use metal detectors, surveillance cameras, mobile-phone jammers and even drones while ___22___ have taken a more serious step. Cheating in high-school leaving exams got so bad in Mauritania and Algeria ___23___ this year the authorities turned off the internet for the entire country. Algeria did so for at least an hour during tests, which last about a week. Mauritania cut access from morning until evening on exam days. Other countries, such as Iraq, Uzbekistan and Ethiopia, ___24___ (shut) down the internet during exam time for years. In each country students are ___25___ enormous pressure to do well in the tests, which often determine whether they can continue their education at a good university. A splendid grade may mean a scholarship abroad. But high marks are rare. In Algeria only around half of students passed the exams in recent years. In Mauritania the rate is much ___26___ (low). Teachers try to help - in their own way. For a fee some will provide answers on WhatsApp, a messaging service, says Sidi, a recent high-school graduate in Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania. After Algeria’s tests ___27___ (post) early on Facebook in 2019 the government blocked it during exam periods. Dishonest boys have a harder time than girls, ___28___ often aren’t checked and sometimes hide earphones under their veils. However, ___29___ (turn) off the internet is expensive. Darrell West of the Brookings Institution, a think-tank, estimates that in 2018-19 internet shutdowns ____30____ (order) by governments - whether to stop cheating or stifle dissent - cost countries at least $2.4bn. For that kind of money, countries could even improve their schools. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. standard B. experienced C. potentially D. orderly E. extremely F. terms G. power H. benefit I. compared J. noticeable K. scanned Paying more for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the cause of annoyance of many a cinemagoer’s life. But there may be a(n) ___31___ to doing so, as a study has claimed that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests. The research was led by neuroscientist (神经科学家) Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero 6 in either ___32___ type or RealD 3D. They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a part from the film. The test covered memory, reaction time and cognitive (认知的) function, and the results were later ___33___. According to the research, participants ___34___ a 23 per cent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction time. Dr Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain ___35___ in the future. “These findings are more significant than you might think,” he said. “It is a fact that people are living longer and there is a(n) ___36___ decline in cognitive brain function in old age which can damage future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain function. The initial results of this study indicate that 3D films may ___37___ play a role in slowing this decline.” A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsets (耳机) that ___38___ brain activity and this too showed heightened activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to the argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-life-something. “A seven percent rise in emotional engagement is ___39___ remarkable. Watching in 3D gives the viewer such an enriched and quality experience, as these results show,” he said. “In evolutionary _____40_____, the results of both parts of the test certainly make sense. 3D films are more likely to heighten the senses and cause emotional arousal—this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds,” Dr Fagan added. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In years with hotter weather, pupils are likely to perform less well in exams, says a major study from researchers at Harvard and other US universities. There is a “significant” ___41___ between higher temperatures and lower school achievement, say economic researchers. An analysis of ___42___ scores of 10 million US secondary school students over 13 years shows hot weather has a negative impact on results The study says a practical ___43___ could be to use more air conditioning. Students taking exams in a summer heatwave might have always complained that they were ___44___ by the hot and uncomfortable weather But this study, from academics at Harvard, the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) and Georgia State University, claims to have produced the first clear ___45___ showing that when temperatures go up, school performance goes down. Researchers have ___46___ how secondary school students performed in tests in different years across the different ___47___ patterns within the US. The study found that students were more likely to have lower scores in years with higher temperatures and better results in cooler years. This ___48___ across the many different types of climate — whether in cooler northern US states or in the southern states where temperatures are typically much higher. The study, Heat and Learning, suggested that hotter weather made it harder to study in lessons in school and to ___49___ homework out of school. Researchers calculated that for every 0.55℃ increase in average temperature over the year, there was a 1% fall in ____50____. Colder days did not seem to damage achievement — but the negative impact began to be ____51____ as temperatures rose above 21℃. The reduction in learning increased quickly once temperatures rose above 32℃ and even more so above 38℃. Joshua Goodman, associate professor at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government, and his co-authors provide evidence that the “heat’s destruction of instruction or homework time is responsible for the ____52____ drop in test scores”. But Mr Goodman says it would have been harder to carry out similar studies in the education systems in the UK, because the differences in weather conditions would have been much ____53____. The wide range of weather conditions in the US allows ____54____ within the same year group as well as with test performances in previous years. The study also asks whether heat plays a part in the huge ____55____ differences in achievement within the US. Northern states such as Massachusetts have very high levels of achievement in international tests. But southern states such as Alabama and Mississippi are at a level below European countries and closer to Turkey and Mexico. 41. A. gap B. link C. conflict D. distinction 42. A. test B. reading C. credit D. index 43. A. problem B. reason C. example D. response 44. A. frightened B. embarrassed C. influenced D. enhanced 45. A. evidence B. declaration C. feature D. argument 46. A. tracked B. doubted C. imagined D. discussed 47. A. exam B. learning C. behaviour D. weather 48. A. varied B. applied C. mattered D. spread 49. A. refer to B. account for C. approve of D. concentrate on 50. A. health B. satisfaction C. learning D. comfort 51. A. comparable B. measurable C. predictable D. avoidable 52. A. observed B. unexpected C. intended D. slowed 53 A. bigger B. clearer C. narrower D. fewer 54. A. applications B. agreements C. exchanges D. comparisons 55. A. cultural B. regional C. political D. religious Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Tyler Bashor was deadly afraid of the water. Just getting past the surf break on a stand-up paddleboard (桨叶式冲浪板) was no easy task, with a coach having to persuade him during his first few weeks after joining The Paddle Academy. His mom, Andrea, thought “there wasn’t an athletic bone in his body,” she admits. Back then, Bashor cared less about the outdoors, preferring to be glued to the television or video games. Now, 15-year-old Bashor is nothing like his former, scared, 12-year-old self. Bashor is a fierce competitor on the water and considered one of the best in California at Stand Up Paddleboarding (SUP) competitions for his age group. The Paddle Academy was started by Mike Eisert, a 53-year-old, who was a college rower in the mid-90s and also competed in surf-ski races through the years. Four years ago, he decided to start a pilot program to see if there was enough interest to get kids together year-round to sharpen their SUP skills. “My whole goal was to instruct kids,” he said. “To find kids that were just excited about the ocean and who wanted to get in the water in a different way.” It’s the hard days — the cloudy, windy or big-wave days — that challenge the youngsters. “They have to come on days they don’t feel up to it,” Eisert said. “They are challenged to overcome fears. They learn about the weather, safety, what the wind does to the ocean, currents. They learn about sticking to it. The biggest thing we believe in: It’s perseverance through life that gets you where you want to be.” Eisert is looking forward to a new group of students who will join The Paddle Academy. At least, perhaps, they’ll find a connection with the outdoors and tune their balance skills on the water. And maybe there’s a world champion just waiting to discover his or her passion for paddling. 56. What can be learned about Tyler Bashor? A. He has been totally changed by The Paddle Academy. B. He has always had a special talent for sports since birth. C. He overcame his fear of water with the help of his mom. D. He preferred television after joining The Paddle Academy. 57. Mike Eisert started The Paddle Academy in order to _____. A. instruct youngsters with different interests B. challenge children with all kinds of difficulties C. get kids together and sharpen their skills in skiing D. discover kids fond of paddling and improve their skills 58. In The Paddle Academy, kids can learn to _____. A. be persistent B. challenge each other C. be fierce enough D. balance life and sports 59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Paddling Is Growing Fast B. The Ocean Is the Classroom C. Perseverance Is Key to Life D. A World Champion Is on the Way (B) Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping. Need inspiration? Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewarded with some pretty special views. History lovers? Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listen out for the One o’clock Gun—it fires every day except Sunday. At one o’clock. Obviously. Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincide Feeling hungry? A satisfying dinner: With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews. A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve “the best steak pie in Edinburgh”, to match with real beer (it’s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies(威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu. Shopping centre Princes Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retail landmark in the shape of Jenners Department Store. Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you from your cash. Hidden Edinburgh Edinburgh’s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try “The Real Mary King’s Close” to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground. Need trains to Edinburgh? We’ll get you sorted... 60. While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ________. A. Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shopping B. Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensive C. many high-end brands can be found in Harvey Nichols D. one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols 61. The underlined word “edible” is closest in meaning to ________. A. beautiful B. eatable C. visible D. delicate 62. This page is most likely to be found at ________. A. http: //www.britishairways.com/en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburgh B. https: //www.rabbies.com/en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburgh C. https: //www.virgintrainseastcoast.com/our-destinations/edinburgh-overview D. http: //www.edinburghcastle.gov.uk/discover/about-the-castle (C) We all have a tendency to fake laugh, particularly when authority figures in our lives try to make a joke that just doesn’t land. Though it might feel rude not to laugh when your in-laws or boss try to say something funny, pretending to do so might not be much better. It turns out, even if you think that your forced laughing sounds genuine, people are usually pretty good at separating truly spirited belly laughs from fake ones. But how can they possible know the difference? Well, when researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles studied the acoustic and perceptual differences between real and fake laughter, they found that some of the sounds associated with genuine laughter is “really hard to fake.” In their study, the researchers determined that subjects were only fooled by 37 percent of fake laughter. The most prominent factor distinguishing real laughter from fake laughter is duration -- or, more specifically, the number of breaths taken in in between sounds. Seeing as it takes more effort and concentration to fake a laugh as opposed to do it genuinely, people tend to pause more in between their “ha-ha’s” when they’re faking it. Evidently, that pausing is pretty noticeable. “A fake laugh is basically an imitation of a real laugh, but produced with a slightly different set of vocal muscles controlled by a different part of our brain,” Greg Bryant, the lead UCLA researcher on the study, explained. “The result is that there are subtle features of the laugh that sound like speech, and ... people are unconsciously quite sensitive to them.” People have also proven to be emotionally sensitive to laughter as well. “Our rains are very sensitive to the social and emotional significance of laughter” said Carolyn McGettigan, a scientist at Royal Holloway, University of London. McGettigan conducted a 2014 study that recorded participants’ brain responses as they listened to the same people produce genuine laughter by watching funny videos, as opposed to fake laughter. “During our study, when participants heard a laugh that was posed, they activated regions of the brain associated with mentalizing in an attempt to understand the other person’s emotional and mental state,” she said. So, while we may understand that certain social situations sometimes require fake laughter, most of the time, our instincts and emotional intelligence are just too smart to buy into them. According to McGettigan, that’s a good thing. “Evolutionarily speaking, it’s good to be able to detect if someone is authentically experiencing an emotion or if they’re not,” she said. “Because you don’t want to be fooled.” 63. What do researchers at the University of California want to find out in this study? A. What is the difference between a fake laugh and a real one. B. Which part of the brain controls the sound of our laughter. C. Why do people need to fake laugh when they don’t want to. D. How to laugh as genuinely as possible when you are faking it. 64. Your forced laughing is more noticeable than you think, mainly because_______. A. you seem more concentrated when you laugh for real B. you take more breaths when you try to fake a laugh C. a fake laugh often happens after a sudden pause D. a real laugh usually lasts longer than a fake one 65. Which of the following is true according to Greg Bryant? A. Real laughter is not at all controllable by our brain. B. People may notice fake laughter without knowing why. C. People use the same set of muscles to laugh and to speak. D. Faking laugh shares the same techniques as making speech. 66. What has Carolyn McGettigan’s 2014 study proven? A. Certain social situations may require us to fake a laugh. B. Evolution has enabled us to recognize other’s emotions. C. By instincts, we are able to tell a person’s mental state. D. We can sense other’s emotional state when they laugh. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Luwak Coffee Indonesia Luwak coffee is one of the most expensive coffees in the world, because it has extraordinary value and its availability is very rare. Indonesian Luwak coffee, or civet(麝香猫) coffee, sells well and is very popular with coffee lovers because it is considered to have a smooth and friendly taste in the stomach. ___67___ Many are disgusted with the basic ingredients that come from animal feces(粪便). Because of this, these drinks also get bad nicknames in various countries. Even so, the Indonesian Luwak coffee industry seems uninterrupted and still sells well at high prices. ___68___ These three factors are a long production process, the amount of harvest that is not as large as ordinary coffee beans, and the taste of coffee that is not thick. Initially, this drink was discovered by local people who are curious about the taste of coffee. They find seeds that are still complete in the feces of a cat - like animal, so they process seeds from the dirt, bake, then make a drink. The enjoyment of this drink is heard by the Dutch government. They then collect and sell Indonesian civet coffee at very high prices. The process begins when coffee plants enter the harvest period. Fruit that is ready for harvest will begin to turn reddish. ___69___ The fruit eaten will be digested by this animal, strangely the digestion of this animal cannot destroy the layer of coffee. The dirt or feces from the civets will later be collected to be cleaned. After cleaning, the next process is roasting. The roasting process is only up to the medium roast level. The reason is to maintain a unique sense of character. The roasted seeds are then packaged in whole beans or powder for sale. ___70___ A. In fact, coffee beans in each region have different taste character. B. Luwak has the habit and ability to choose the best quality coffee fruit, so this animal will eat fruit with good seeds. C. Not everyone can appreciate this drink. D. Some breeding areas even open a civet coffee cafe so that visitors can enjoy the most expensive coffee immediately after baking. E. There are three main factors that make Indonesian Luwak coffee more expensive than coffee in general. F. What is the actual production process of civet coffee? IV. Summary Writing 71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Emotional Debt Many people today live under the weight of debt from loans or credit cards. As harmful as financial debt is, there is another form of debt that is even more damaging — emotional debt. Dr. James Richard states that emotional debt occurs “when we experience emotional pain that remains unresolved.” If the pain is not dealt with, it will affect us our entire lives. Throughout the years, we have chances for happiness, love and success. But unresolved pain can emerge, causing us to respond in ways that aren’t reasonable. When we have a tendency to respond inappropriately, we often hurt those around us. Unfortunately our unresolved problems sometimes become too much for them to handle, causing them to abandon the relationship. People with destructive patterns should check their lives for signs of unresolved pain. Your emotional debt can come from various forms of past abuse (辱骂) or neglect. You may be holding onto painful memories of controlling parents or very demanding teachers. You may not have dealt with the pain of a broken relationship or the death of a loved one. Any negative emotion that you have controlled over the years can come back to cause harm when you least expect. Recognize your feelings, but don’t focus on them all the time. Acknowledging and confronting your pain is difficult, but recognizing it is the first step toward dealing with it. Admit you are angry about the past, and discuss it with someone you trust, or write it down. This will ease some of the anger you’ve kept for years. Refuse to be a victim and accept responsibility for dealing with your painful past. This puts you in charge and limits the power your emotions have over you. Take specific steps to resolve your emotional debt now instead of dealing with the consequences later. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 不可否认，作品的成熟缘于作家游历天下的经历。(deny) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 73. 我们不应该以牺牲他人为代价来追求自己的幸福。(pursue) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 74. 如果老师过于注重语法操练，学生可能会对英语学习失去兴趣。(emphasis) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 75. 当澳洲本土文化受到欧洲移民的威胁时，冲突就产生了。（arise）（汉译英） 76. 有些父母总是把他们的想法强加于他们孩子，这是十分错误的做法。 (impose) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing 77. Directions: Write an English composition in 110-130 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 最近，英文报社开设了一个关于“Balance in life”的栏目。请你参与投稿，写一封信给编辑，你的信中必须包括： ● 你对balance in life的理解； ● 你生活中如何寻求平衡、缓解压力； ● 你的建议。 （注意：文中不得出现具体学校名称或人名。） _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试验时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试验时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试音时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试实验时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试音时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试验时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试11时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试音时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试音时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试音时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机。和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试11时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。华东师范大学第三附属中学现在是英语听力测试试验时间，请同学们调试好自己的收音机和耳机。听力测试试验结束，听力测试现在开始。One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you've heard. one we can't find. David, where is he? The train is about to leave. Don't worry, maybe he is buying some food at the shop. On the . platform question, where are the two speakers? Two, so may I ask you how you found out about our hotel? Oh. I found the information on your website. Question, where did the man find the information about the hotel? Three to the . shanghai museum is IT close to the grand theatre. I'm sorry you have gone in the opposite direction. You'd Better get off at the next stop . question once the possible relationship between the two speakers. Or excuse me, when will flight number B, A, nine, eight, one from new york arrive? IT was . scheduled to arrive at one P. M, but IT will be delayed for an hour and a half. Question, when will the plane arrive? Five, that was such an interesting movie. I hope you enjoyed as much as I did. I must admit, I fell asleep after the first thirty minutes. Question, how did the woman feel about the movie? Six, are you going to return to your present job after you recover from illness? No, I plan to be a full time students next time. Question, what will the woman do? Seven, can you recommend something that a schoolboy of seven or eight will . really like? I'd suggest this toy train. Uh, it's an excEllent friend. Very popular all over the world . these days. Question, what is the man doing? Eight, I was sorry to hear about bills being fired. I know he was sick a lot and that he usually got to work late. IT wasn't that he made a big mistake in his financial report, which made his boss . very angry. Question, why did bill lose his job? Nine isn't IT rather . cold outside salary IT . is a bit but I can't stand the terrible smoke inside. I'd rather stay here if you . don't mind. Question, why does the woman want to stay outside? Ten, do you know anything . about mister dee, the newly promoted director of the department? Of course, who doesn't he is now on everyone's . lips question, what does the man mean? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passengers and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you'll be asked several questions. The passage and the conversation will be read, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have ever heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Every thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall, but in the yale university art gallery. We spend our one hour class discussing two or three of the paintings, many of which are by artists we have already studied in class. In america, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real world experiences with some creativity, almost any subject can be applied to such beyond the classroom learning. A friend of mine from yale, taking an advanced ed psychology course spends every saturday working with mentally disabled children. Her mornings are spent playing with the kids and studying there, sometimes uncontrolled behavior. Then in the afternoon, he writes a report on her observations. Students generally appreciate these unique learning opportunities. They're almost always fun and interesting, and professors like them. Because students learn so much in just a few short months, no one denies the value of classroom learning, but I can only take students so far. Slides and textbooks may do a good job of Carrying facts and data, but creativity and originality of thought cannot be taught. They can only be got through first hand experience. Now listen again, please. Every . thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture haul, but in the yale university art gallery. We spend our one hour class discussing two or three of the paintings, many of which are by artists we have already studied in class. In america, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real world experiences. With some creativity, almost any subject can be applied to such beyond the classroom learning. A friend of mine from yell, taking an advanced psychology course, spends every saturday working with mentally disabled children. Her mornings are spent playing with the kids and studying there, sometimes uncontrolled behavior. Then in the afternoon, SHE writes a report on her observations. Students generally appreciate these unique learning opportunities. They're almost always fun and interesting, and professors like them. Because students learn so much in just a few short months, no one denies the value of classroom learning, but I can only take students so far. Slides and textbooks may do a good job of Carrying facts and data, but creativity and originality of thought cannot be taught. They can only be got through first . hand experience. Questions eleven, which of the following is true according to the passage? Twelve, what is the purpose of the writer to introduce his friend's experience? Thirteen, what is the writer most probably want to tell us? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Compared with the traditional advertising such as radio, television or newspaper, out of home and the internet advertising came into existence only in recent years. Out of home advertising, also called place based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television using new stance, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on the goal. Consumers, more consumers, travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out of home advertising effective. As consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out of the consumers will decrease. The chAllenge to internet advertisers is to create as that audience remember well. now listen again, please. Compared with the traditional advertising such as radio, television or newspaper, out of home and the internet advertising came into existence only in recent years. Out of home advertising, also called place based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television using new stance, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on the goal. Consumers, more consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out of home advertising effective. As consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market as consumers get more of their news and information from the internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out of to consumers will decrease. The chAllenge to internet advertisers is to create ads that audience remember well. Questions fourteen, why is out of poem advertising has become more effective? Fifteen, what kind of characteristic should internet advertising? Sixteen, what is the passage mainly about? Question seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. And I realized we were completely last, but at least we got there in the end. Funny, you should say that because a similar thing happened to me one time when I was abroad, we were actually doing a concert in this bar in germany. Really. I was actually about to appear on stage, you know, with the band. And I just thought i'll just go out for a little walk and get some fresh air, because I had about half an hour before we had to go on, and I went outside, you know, had to look around, walked around for a bit, and then I decided to go back, and I couldn't find IT. IT was about two minutes before we were supposed to start. No, you are joking. yeah. I thought, what am I gonna do? Could you ask for . directions? Well, I tried. I asked this old woman, but he didn't speak english, and I don't . speak german, don't you? Oh, right. And then I realized I couldn't remember the name of the bar or the street IT was on, or anything. So, you know, I was in the middle of a town. I didn't know, not knowing the language. And luckily, I saw someone wearing one of our t shirts. He was obviously going to the concert, so I sort of followed him . back to the bar. Wow, that was lucky, thank goodness. And when I got there, the guys were like, where have you been? We thought you'd run out on us anyway. We managed. Now listen again, please. And I realized we were completely lost, but at least we got there in the end. Funny, you should say that because a similar thing happened to me one time when I was abroad, we were actually doing a concert in this bar in germany. Really, I was actually about to appear on stage, you know, with the band. And I just thought i'll just go out for a little walk and get some fresh air because I had about half an hour before we had to go on, 哼。And I went outside, you know, had a look around, walked around for a bit. And then I decided to go back and I couldn't find IT. IT was about two minutes before . we were supposed to start. No, you are joking. yeah. I thought. what am I gonna do directions. Well, I tried. I asked this old woman, what? SHE didn't speak english and I don't . speak german, don't you? Oh, right. And then I realized I couldn't remember the name of the bar or the street IT was on or anything. So, you know, I was in the middle of a town. I didn't know, not knowing the language. And luckily I saw someone wearing one of our t shirts. He was obviously going to the concert. So I sort of followed him back to the bar. wow, that was lucky. Thank you. And when I got there, the guys were like, where have you been? We thought you'd run out on us anyway. We managed . questions seventeen, what was the woman talking about at the beginning of the conversation? Eighteen, what did the man do in the bar in germany? Nineteen, how did the man find his way back to bar? Twenty, what do we know about the man? 听力到此结束。 华东师大三附中2023学年第二学期期中考试 高二英语试题 时间：120分钟 满分： 150分 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. At the airport. B. At the hotel. C. At the restaurant. D. At the railway station. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: We can’t find David. Where is he? The train is about to leave. M: Don’t worry. Maybe he is buying some food at the shop on the platform. Question: Where are the two speakers? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. On TV. B. On the Internet. C. From the newspaper. D. From a friend. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: So may I ask you how you found out about our hotel? M: Oh, I found the information on your website. Question: Where did the man find the information about the hotel? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Husband and wife. B. Policeman and driver. C. Passenger and bus conductor. D. Boss and secretary. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: To the Shanghai museum. Is it close to the grand theatre? W: I’m sorry you have gone in the opposite direction. You’d better get off at the next stop. Question: What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm. C. At 2:00 pm. D. At 2:30 pm. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me, when will flight number BA nine eight one from New York arrive? W: It was scheduled to arrive at one PM, but it will be delayed for an hour and a half. Question: When will the plane arrive? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She found it very interesting. B. She found it very boring. C. She found it enjoyable during the first 30 minutes. D. She found it enjoyable after the first 30 minutes. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: That was such an interesting movie. I hope you enjoyed it as much as I did. W: I must admit I fell asleep after the first thirty minutes. Question: How did the woman feel about the movie? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Make a recovery plan. B. Find a full-time job. C. Drop out of school. D. Resign from her present job. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Are you going to return to your present job after you recover from illness? W: No, I plan to be a full-time student next time. Question: What will the woman do? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Shopping with his son. B. Promoting a new product. C. Buying a gift for a kid. D. Bargaining with a salesgirl. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Can you recommend something that a schoolboy of seven or eight will really like? W: I’d suggest this toy train, sir. It’s an excellent friend, very popular all over the world these days. Question: What is the man doing? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He is always late for work. B. He is having some financial problems. C. He is not careful enough with his work. D. He loses his temper easily. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: I was sorry to hear about Bill’s being fired. I know he was sick a lot and that he usually got to work late. M: It wasn’t that. He made a big mistake in his financial report, which made his boss very angry. Question: Why did Bill lose his job? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It is too hot in the room. B. She wants to avoid meeting people. C. She wants to smoke a cigarette outside. D. She doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Isn’t it rather cold outside, Sally? W: It is a bit, but I can’t stand the terrible smoke inside. I’d rather stay here, if you don’t mind. Question: Why does the woman want to stay outside? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Everyone in the company likes Mr. Dale. B Mr. Dale has become director of the department. C. Mr. Dale gets on very well with his colleague. D. Mr. Dale is the focus of people’s attention. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you know anything about Mr. Dale, the newly promoted director of the department? M: Of course! Who doesn’t? He is now on everyone’s lips. Question: What does the man mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Art history class is taught in the lecture hall. B. Mentally disabled children are taught outside the classroom. C. Professors teach through real world experiences. D. Students appreciate classroom learning. 12. A. To praise the professor. B. To support his point of view. C. To praise his friend. D. To advise us to study psychology. 13. A. Learning through firsthand experience is important. B. Students learn a lot from textbooks. C. Students develop their creativity through textbooks. D. Students get firsthand information from textbooks. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 【解析】 【原文】 M: Every Thursday afternoon my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall, but in the Yale university art gallery. We spend our one hour class discussing two or three of the paintings, many of which are by artists we have already studied in class. In America professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real world experiences. With some creativity almost any subject can be applied to such beyond the classroom learning. A friend of mine from Yale taking an advanced psychology course spends every Saturday working with mentally disabled children. Her mornings are spent playing with the kids and studying their sometimes uncontrolled behavior. Then in the afternoon she writes a reports on her observations. Students generally appreciate these unique learning opportunities there’re almost always fun and interesting and professors like them because students learn so much in just a few short months. No one denies the value of classroom learning, but it can only take students so far. Slides and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and data, but creativity and originality of thought cannot be taught. They can only be got through firsthand experience. Questions: 11. Which of the following is true according to the passage? 12. What is the purpose of the writer to introduce his friend’s experience? 13. What does the writer most probably want to tell us? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Consumers find TV advertisements too dull. B. Consumers travel more now than ever before. C. Out-of-home ads are more beautifully made. D. Out-of-home ads are easier to understand. 15. A. Quick to update. B. Pleasant to look at. C. Easy to remember. D. Convenient to obtain. 16. A. Comparison of different kinds of advertising. B. New forms of effective advertising. C. The disadvantages of traditional advertising. D. Effective ways to do effective advertisements. 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Compared with the traditional advertising such as radio, television or newspaper. Out of home and the Internet advertising came into existence only in recent years out of home advertising also called place-based advertising has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television using new stands and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on the goal consumers more consumers travel longer distances to and from work which also makes out of home advertising effective. As consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet the ability of television and radio to get word out of to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertise is to create as that audience remember well. Questions: 14. Why is out of home advertising has become more effective? 15. What kind of characteristics should Internet advertising have? 16. What is the passage mainly about? Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. Her story of completing a task. B. Her experience of being lost. C. Her trip abroad. D. Her success in career. 18. A. Met his friends. B. Attended a lecture. C. Gave a performance. D. Had a trip. 19. A. By following a man. B. By looking at a map. C. By asking an old woman. D. By asking the policeman for help. 20. A. He cannot stand the noise in the bar. B. He has a poor memory. C. He doesn't speak German. D. He doesn’t like to wear T-shirts. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. As long as there have been exams, students have found ways to cheat. Today the correct answers are just a few taps away on a smartphone. So, countries have come up with new ways ___21___ (stop) the funny business. Some use metal detectors, surveillance cameras, mobile-phone jammers and even drones while ___22___ have taken a more serious step. Cheating in high-school leaving exams got so bad in Mauritania and Algeria ___23___ this year the authorities turned off the internet for the entire country. Algeria did so for at least an hour during tests which last about a week. Mauritania cut access from morning until evening on exam days. Other countries, such as Iraq, Uzbekistan and Ethiopia, ___24___ (shut) down the internet during exam time for years. In each country students are ___25___ enormous pressure to do well in the tests, which often determine whether they can continue their education at a good university. A splendid grade may mean a scholarship abroad. But high marks are rare. In Algeria only around half of students passed the exams in recent years. In Mauritania the rate is much ___26___ (low). Teachers try to help - in their own way. For a fee some will provide answers on WhatsApp, a messaging service, says Sidi, a recent high-school graduate in Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania. After Algeria’s tests ___27___ (post) early on Facebook in 2019 the government blocked it during exam periods. Dishonest boys have a harder time than girls, ___28___ often aren’t checked and sometimes hide earphones under their veils. However, ___29___ (turn) off the internet is expensive. Darrell West of the Brookings Institution, a think-tank, estimates that in 2018-19 internet shutdowns ____30____ (order) by governments - whether to stop cheating or stifle dissent - cost countries at least $2.4bn. For that kind of money, countries could even improve their schools. 【答案】21. to stop 22. others##some 23. that 24. have been shutting##have shut 25. under 26. lower 27. were posted 28. who 29. turning 30. ordered 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了考试作弊现象在全球范围内的普遍存在，特别是在一些国家情况尤为严重。为了解决该问题，不同国家采取了多种措施。最后，文章提到切断互联网的成本高昂，并指出国家可以用这些钱来改善学校。 【21题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，各国都想出了新的方法来阻止这种滑稽的行为。根据短语come up with new ways to do sth.“想出做某事的新方法”可知，设空处应填动词不定式to stop。故填to stop。 【22题详解】 考查代词。句意：一些人使用金属探测器、监控摄像头、手机干扰器甚至无人机，而另一些人则采取了更为严肃的措施。根据前文Some use metal detectors, surveillance cameras, mobile-phone jammers and even drones可知，此处表示“一些人……而另一些人……”，使用others/some作主语。故填others/some。 【23题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：在毛里塔尼亚和阿尔及利亚，高中毕业考试作弊现象如此严重，以至于当局在今年关闭了全国的互联网。表示“如此……以至于……”，应用so…that…引导结果状语从句。故填that。 【24题详解】 考查时态。句意：其他国家，如伊拉克、乌兹别克斯坦和埃塞俄比亚，多年来一直在考试期间关闭互联网。根据后文“for years”可知，设空处表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，且有可能继续持续下去，应用现在完成进行时have been doing，表示“一直在做某事”，也可使用现在完成时have done，表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果”。故填have been shutting/have shut。 【25题详解】 考查介词。句意：在每个国家，学生们都面临着巨大的压力，要在考试中取得好成绩，这往往决定了他们能否在一所好大学继续深造。根据短语be under pressure“处于压力之下”可知，设空处应填介词under。故填under。 【26题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在阿尔及利亚，近年来只有大约一半的学生通过了考试。在毛里塔尼亚，这个比例要低得多。根据前文“In Algeria only around half of students passed the exams in recent years”以及空前的much可知，此处应用形容词比较级lower，作表语，表示“更低”。故填lower。 【27题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：阿尔及利亚的考试于2019年早些时候在脸书上发布后，政府在考试期间封锁了它。设空处为谓语动词，根据后文in 2019可知，应用一般过去时，且主语Algeria’s tests与post之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态were posted。故填were posted。 【28题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：不诚实的男孩比女孩更难熬，女孩往往不被检查，有时会把耳机藏在面纱下面。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词girls，指人，空处作主语，故应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【29题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，关闭互联网是昂贵的。设空处作主语，应用动名词turning，表示“关闭互联网这件事”。故填turning。 【30题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：智库布鲁金斯学会（Brookings Institution）的达雷尔·韦斯特（Darrell West）估计，在2018年至2019年期间，政府下令关闭互联网——无论是为了阻止作弊还是扼杀异见——至少让各国损失了24亿美元。句中cost为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，名词shutdowns与order之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词ordered作后置定语。故填ordered。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. standard B. experienced C. potentially D. orderly E. extremely F. terms G. power H. benefit I. compared J. noticeable K. scanned Paying more for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the cause of annoyance of many a cinemagoer’s life. But there may be a(n) ___31___ to doing so, as a study has claimed that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests. The research was led by neuroscientist (神经科学家) Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero 6 in either ___32___ type or RealD 3D. They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a part from the film. The test covered memory, reaction time and cognitive (认知的) function, and the results were later ___33___. According to the research, participants ___34___ a 23 per cent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction time. Dr Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain ___35___ in the future. “These findings are more significant than you might think,” he said. “It is a fact that people are living longer and there is a(n) ___36___ decline in cognitive brain function in old age which can damage future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain function. The initial results of this study indicate that 3D films may ___37___ play a role in slowing this decline.” A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsets (耳机) that ___38___ brain activity and this too showed heightened activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to the argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-life-something. “A seven percent rise in emotional engagement is ___39___ remarkable. Watching in 3D gives the viewer such an enriched and quality experience, as these results show,” he said. “In evolutionary _____40_____, the results of both parts of the test certainly make sense. 3D films are more likely to heighten the senses and cause emotional arousal—this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds,” Dr Fagan added. 【答案】31. H 32. A 33. I 34. B 35. G 36. J 37. C 38. K 39. E 40. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究成果，3D电影对人的大脑有锻炼的作用。研究通过实验发现，通过观看3D电影，人的大脑在认知和反应方面的功能可以得到提高，并且可以延缓老年人大脑功能的衰退。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：但是，这样做可能有一个理由，因为一项研究声称3D电影能锻炼大脑，并以类似于大脑训练测试的方式改善短期功能。句中“as a study has claimed that 3D films exercise the brain”表达的是观看3D电影的好处，可知前面说的是这样做的好处。因此推断benefit“好处”符合语境。故选H。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：超过100人参加了实验，在实验中，参与者观看了迪士尼电影《超能陆战队》，分别以2D和RealD 3D格式观看。句中either…or…用来连接两个表示选择关系的对象，后面是Real 3D，前面也应该是某种类型，standard type标志某种类型的电影。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：测试包括记忆、反应时间和认知功能，稍后进行了结果的比较。句中“The test covered memory，reaction time and cognitive (认知的)function”表达测试的内容，因此推断得出的结果要进行比较compare；句中的results是比较的对象，位于句首，要用被动语态．故选I。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：根据研究，参与者的认知处理能力提高了23%，反应时间也提高了11%。此处表达的是根据这项研究的要求，参与测试的人要体验B项experience认知过程和反应时间；文章讲述的是过去的事实，要用一般过去时态．故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：法根博士说，这些结果显示出大脑功能的足够改善，表明3D在未来可能在改善大脑功能方面发挥作用。文章第一段的“3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning”表示3D电影可以锻炼大脑，改善大脑的功能。power“能力”符合语境。故选G。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：人们寿命更长是一个事实，老年时认知大脑功能自然下降，这可能会损害未来的生活质量。根据句意并结合事实可知，此处表达的是事实表明年纪大了，大脑的认知功能会有明显的（noticeable）下降。故选J。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：这项研究的初步结果表明，3D电影可能在减缓这种下降中发挥作用。结合前文内容，此处表达的是研究表明3D电影可能（potentially）在延缓这种认知下降中起到重要作用。故选C。 【38题详解】 考查动词。句意：实验的第二部分涉及观看电影的人被戴上耳机，监测大脑活动，这也显示了观看3D时活动增强。根据下文“this too showed heightened activity when watching 3D”可知，此处表达的是通过佩戴耳机，可以扫描（scanned）参与者在观看电影时大脑的活动。故选K。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：情感参与度提高7%是非常显著的。句中是用来修饰形容词remarkable，用副词extremely表示强调的语气。故选E。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：从进化的角度来看，测试两部分的结果确实有道理。空处修饰名词用形容词作定语，根据句意和希望“3D films are more likely to heighten the senses and cause emotional arousal—this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds(3D电影更有可能增强感官并引起情感唤起——这反过来又使大脑以更快的速度运行)”可知，in evolutionary terms“从进化论的角度而言”符合语境。故选F。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In years with hotter weather, pupils are likely to perform less well in exams, says a major study from researchers at Harvard and other US universities. There is a “significant” ___41___ between higher temperatures and lower school achievement, say economic researchers. An analysis of ___42___ scores of 10 million US secondary school students over 13 years shows hot weather has a negative impact on results. The study says a practical ___43___ could be to use more air conditioning. Students taking exams in a summer heatwave might have always complained that they were ___44___ by the hot and uncomfortable weather. But this study, from academics at Harvard, the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) and Georgia State University, claims to have produced the first clear ___45___ showing that when temperatures go up, school performance goes down. Researchers have ___46___ how secondary school students performed in tests in different years across the different ___47___ patterns within the US. The study found that students were more likely to have lower scores in years with higher temperatures and better results in cooler years. This ___48___ across the many different types of climate — whether in cooler northern US states or in the southern states where temperatures are typically much higher. The study Heat and Learning, suggested that hotter weather made it harder to study in lessons in school and to ___49___ homework out of school. Researchers calculated that for every 0.55℃ increase in average temperature over the year, there was a 1% fall in ____50____. Colder days did not seem to damage achievement — but the negative impact began to be ____51____ as temperatures rose above 21℃. The reduction in learning increased quickly once temperatures rose above 32℃ and even more so above 38℃. Joshua Goodman, associate professor at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government, and his co-authors provide evidence that the “heat’s destruction of instruction or homework time is responsible for the ____52____ drop in test scores”. But Mr Goodman says it would have been harder to carry out similar studies in the education systems in the UK, because the differences in weather conditions would have been much ____53____. The wide range of weather conditions in the US allows ____54____ within the same year group as well as with test performances in previous years. The study also asks whether heat plays a part in the huge ____55____ differences in achievement within the US. Northern states such as Massachusetts have very high levels of achievement in international tests. But southern states such as Alabama and Mississippi are at a level below European countries and closer to Turkey and Mexico. 41 A. gap B. link C. conflict D. distinction 42. A. test B. reading C. credit D. index 43. A. problem B. reason C. example D. response 44. A. frightened B. embarrassed C. influenced D. enhanced 45. A. evidence B. declaration C. feature D. argument 46. A. tracked B. doubted C. imagined D. discussed 47. A. exam B. learning C. behaviour D. weather 48. A. varied B. applied C. mattered D. spread 49. A. refer to B. account for C. approve of D. concentrate on 50. A. health B. satisfaction C. learning D. comfort 51. A. comparable B. measurable C. predictable D. avoidable 52. A. observed B. unexpected C. intended D. slowed 53. A. bigger B. clearer C. narrower D. fewer 54. A. applications B. agreements C. exchanges D. comparisons 55. A. cultural B. regional C. political D. religious 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了哈佛大学和其他美国大学的研究人员进行的一项重大研究表明，在天气炎热的年份，学生的考试成绩可能会较差。经济研究人员表示，气温升高和学习成绩下降之间存在“显著”联系。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济研究人员表示，气温升高和学习成绩下降之间存在“显著”联系。A. gap差距；B. link联系；C. conflict冲突；D. distinction区别。根据上文“In years with hotter weather, pupils are likely to perform less well in exams”提到在天气炎热的年份，学生的考试成绩可能会较差，由此可知，此处应表示气温升高和学习成绩下降之间存在“显著”联系。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项对1000万美国中学生13年来的考试成绩的分析显示，炎热的天气对成绩有负面影响。A. test测试；B. reading阅读；C. credit学分；D. index指数。根据下文“…shows hot weather has a negative impact on results”可知，此处应表示考试成绩的分析显示，炎热的天气对成绩有负面影响。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该研究表示，一个实际的应对措施可能是使用更多的空调。A. problem问题；B. reason原因；C. example例子；D. response应对。根据下文“could be to use more air conditioning”可知，此处应表示一个实际的应对措施可能是使用更多的空调。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在夏季热浪中参加考试的学生可能总是抱怨他们受到炎热和不舒服的天气的影响。A. frightened使害怕；B. embarrassed使尴尬；C. influenced影响；D. enhanced提高。根据下文“by the hot and uncomfortable weather”可知，此处应表示学生抱怨他们受到炎热和不舒服的天气的影响。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这项由哈佛大学、加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）和佐治亚州立大学的学者进行的研究，声称首次提供了明确的证据，表明气温升高时，学习成绩会下降。A. evidence证据；B. declaration宣言；C. feature特征；D. argument争论。根据下文“showing that when temperatures go up, school performance goes down”可知，此处应表示研究提供了明确的证据，表明气温升高时，学习成绩会下降。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：研究人员追踪了美国中学生在不同年份、不同天气模式下的测试表现。A. tracked追踪；B. doubted怀疑；C. imagined想象；D. discussed讨论。根据句意以及下文“…how secondary school students performed in tests in different years across the different ___7___ patterns within the US”由此可知，此处应表示研究人员追踪了美国中学生在不同年份、不同天气模式下的测试表现。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员追踪了美国中学生在不同年份、不同天气模式下的测试表现。A. exam考试；B. learning学习；C. behaviour行为；D. weather天气。根据上文提到的研究表明气温升高时，学习成绩会下降可知，此处应表示研究人员追踪了美国中学生在不同年份、不同天气模式下的测试表现。故选D项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这适用于许多不同类型的气候，无论是在较凉爽的美国北部各州，还是在温度通常高得多的南部各州。A. varied变化；B. applied适用于；C. mattered要紧的是；D. spread传播。根据语境以及下文“whether in cooler northern US states or in the southern states where temperatures are typically much higher.”提到无论是在较凉爽的美国北部各州，还是在温度通常高得多的南部各州可知，此处应表示这适用于许多不同类型的气候。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项名为《热与学习》（Heat and Learning）的研究表明，更热的天气会让学生在学校更难学习，在校外更难集中精力做作业。A. refer to指的是，查阅；B. account for解释；C. approve of赞成；D. concentrate on专注于。根据上文“hotter weather made it harder to study in lessons in school”可知，此处应表示更热的天气会让学生在学校更难学习，在校外更难集中精力做作业。故选D项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员计算出，全年平均气温每升高0.55℃，学习成绩就会下降1%。A. health健康；B. satisfaction满足；C. learning学习；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“In years with hotter weather, pupils are likely to perform less well in exams”由此可知，此处应表示全年平均气温每升高0.55℃，学习成绩就会下降1%。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：较冷的天气似乎不会影响成绩，但当气温升至21℃以上时，负面影响开始显现。A. comparable可比较的；B. measurable有明显影响的；C. predictable可预测的；D. avoidable可避免的。根据“Colder days did not seem to damage achievement”和表示转折的but可知，此处应表示但当气温升至21℃以上时，负面影响开始显现。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院（Harvard Kennedy School of Government）副教授约书亚•古德曼（Joshua Goodman）和他的合著者提供的证据表明，“高温对教学或家庭作业时间的破坏是学生考试成绩明显下降的原因”。A. observed显著的；B. unexpected不可预料的；C. intended有意的；D. slowed放慢的。根据上文“heat’s destruction of instruction or homework time is responsible for”由此可知，此处应表示高温对教学或家庭作业时间的破坏是学生考试成绩明显下降的原因。故选A项。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但古德曼表示，在英国的教育系统中进行类似的研究要困难得多，因为天气条件的差异要小得多。A. bigger更大的；B. clearer更清楚的；C. narrower更窄的，更小的；D. fewer更少的。根据语境以及上文“it would have been harder to carry out similar studies in the education systems in the UK”可知，此处应表示在英国的教育系统中进行类似的研究要困难得多，因为天气条件的差异要小得多。故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国广泛的天气条件允许在同一年组内进行比较，以及与前几年的测试表现进行比较。A. applications申请；B. agreements同意；C. exchanges交换；D. comparisons比较。根据句意以及下文“as well as with test performances in previous years”可知，此处应表示美国广泛的天气条件允许在同一年组内进行比较。故选D项。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究还提出了一个问题，那就是高温是否在美国的巨大地区成就差异中起了作用。A. cultural文化的；B. regional地区的；C. political政治的；D. religious宗教的。根据下文“Northern states such as Massachusetts have very high levels of achievement in international tests…”可知，从后文提到美国不同州（北方州和南方州）成绩差异可知，这里说的是地区差异。故选B项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Tyler Bashor was deadly afraid of the water. Just getting past the surf break on a stand-up paddleboard (桨叶式冲浪板) was no easy task, with a coach having to persuade him during his first few weeks after joining The Paddle Academy. His mom, Andrea, thought “there wasn’t an athletic bone in his body,” she admits. Back then, Bashor cared less about the outdoors, preferring to be glued to the television or video games. Now 15-year-old Bashor is nothing like his former, scared, 12-year-old self. Bashor is a fierce competitor on the water and considered one of the best in California at Stand Up Paddleboarding (SUP) competitions for his age group. The Paddle Academy was started by Mike Eisert, a 53-year-old, who was a college rower in the mid-90s and also competed in surf-ski races through the years. Four years ago, he decided to start a pilot program to see if there was enough interest to get kids together year-round to sharpen their SUP skills. “My whole goal was to instruct kids,” he said. “To find kids that were just excited about the ocean and who wanted to get in the water in a different way.” It’s the hard days — the cloudy, windy or big-wave days — that challenge the youngsters. “They have to come on days they don’t feel up to it,” Eisert said. “They are challenged to overcome fears. They learn about the weather, safety, what the wind does to the ocean, currents. They learn about sticking to it. The biggest thing we believe in: It’s perseverance through life that gets you where you want to be.” Eisert is looking forward to a new group of students who will join The Paddle Academy. At least, perhaps, they’ll find a connection with the outdoors and tune their balance skills on the water. And maybe there’s a world champion just waiting to discover his or her passion for paddling. 56. What can be learned about Tyler Bashor? A. He has been totally changed by The Paddle Academy. B. He has always had a special talent for sports since birth. C. He overcame his fear of water with the help of his mom. D. He preferred television after joining The Paddle Academy. 57. Mike Eisert started The Paddle Academy in order to _____. A. instruct youngsters with different interests B. challenge children with all kinds of difficulties C. get kids together and sharpen their skills in skiing D. discover kids fond of paddling and improve their skills 58. In The Paddle Academy, kids can learn to _____. A. be persistent B. challenge each other C. be fierce enough D. balance life and sports 59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Paddling Is Growing Fast B. The Ocean Is the Classroom C. Perseverance Is Key to Life D. A World Champion Is on the Way 【答案】56. A 57. D 58. A 59. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Tyler Bashor从害怕水到成为一名出色桨板选手的转变经历，以及The Paddle Academy的创办和其对青少年的影响， 【56题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Tyler Bashor was deadly afraid of the water. Just getting past the surf break on a stand-up paddleboard (桨叶式冲浪板) was no easy task, with a coach having to persuade him during his first few weeks after joining The Paddle Academy. His mom, Andrea, thought “there wasn’t an athletic bone in his body,” she admits. Back then, Bashor cared less about the outdoors, preferring to be glued to the television or video games. (Tyler Bashor曾经非常害怕水。仅仅是在站立式桨叶冲浪板上越过浪头对他来说都不是一件容易的事，在加入The Paddle Academy后的最初几周里，教练不得不不断鼓励他。他的妈妈Andrea承认：“我觉得他身上没有一根运动细胞。” 那时，Bashor对户外活动并不感兴趣，更喜欢看电视或玩视频游戏)” 和第二段“Now, 15-year-old Bashor is nothing like his former, scared, 12-year-old self. Bashor is a fierce competitor on the water and considered one of the best in California at Stand Up Paddleboarding (SUP) competitions for his age group. (现在，15岁的Bashor与他以前那个12岁时胆小的自己完全不同了。Bashor在水上是一名激烈的竞争者，并被认为是他在加州同年龄段中最好的站立式桨叶冲浪板（SUP）选手之一)”可知，Tyler Bashor在加入The Paddle Academy之前非常害怕水，并且更喜欢看电视或玩视频游戏。然而，在The Paddle Academy的帮助下，他克服了对水的恐惧，并成为了一名优秀的桨叶式冲浪板选手。由此推知，他被The Paddle Academy彻底改变了。故选A。 【57题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中““My whole goal was to instruct kids,” he said. “To find kids that were just excited about the ocean and who wanted to get in the water in a different way.” (“我的目标就是教导孩子们，”他说，“找到那些对海洋充满热情并希望以不同方式接触水的孩子们。”)”可知，Mike Eisert创办该学院是为了发现并培养那些喜欢划桨并提高技能的孩子们。故选D。 【58题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“They learn about the weather, safety, what the wind does to the ocean, currents. They learn about sticking to it. The biggest thing we believe in: It’s perseverance through life that gets you where you want to be. (他们学习天气知识、安全事项、风如何影响海洋和水流。他们学会了坚持到底。我们最相信的一点是：在生活中坚持不懈才能让你达到理想的目标)”可知，在The Paddle Academy，孩子们在这里可以学到坚持。故选A。 【59题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段“The Paddle Academy was started by Mike Eisert, a 53-year-old, who was a college rower in the mid-90s and also competed in surf-ski races through the years. Four years ago, he decided to start a pilot program to see if there was enough interest to get kids together year-round to sharpen their SUP skills. “My whole goal was to instruct kids,” he said. “To find kids that were just excited about the ocean and who wanted to get in the water in a different way.” (The Paddle Academy是由53岁的Mike Eisert创办的，他曾是90年代中期的大学划艇运动员，并多年来参加了冲浪滑雪比赛。四年前，他决定启动一个试点项目，看看是否有足够的兴趣让孩子们全年聚集在一起，提高他们的SUP技能。“我的目标就是教导孩子们，”他说，“找到那些对海洋充满热情并希望以不同方式接触水的孩子们。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了Mike Eisert创办The Paddle Academy，旨在发现并培养那些喜欢划桨并提高技能的孩子们，并强调了坚持和毅力的重要性。文章多次提到海洋和划桨运动，以及孩子们在海洋中的学习和挑战，因此可以得知，最好的标题是“The Ocean Is the Classroom (海洋是教室)”。这个标题能够概括文章的主旨，并突出海洋和划桨运动在孩子们成长和学习中的重要性。故选B。 (B) Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping. Need inspiration? Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewarded with some pretty special views. History lovers? Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listen out for the One o’clock Gun—it fires every day except Sunday. At one o’clock. Obviously. Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincide Feeling hungry? A satisfying dinner: With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews. A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve “the best steak pie in Edinburgh”, to match with real beer (it’s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies(威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu. Shopping centre Princes Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retail landmark in the shape of Jenners Department Store. Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you from your cash. Hidden Edinburgh Edinburgh’s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try “The Real Mary King’s Close” to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground. Need trains to Edinburgh? We’ll get you sorted... 60. While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ________. A. Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shopping B. Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensive C. many high-end brands can be found in Harvey Nichols D. one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols 61. The underlined word “edible” is closest in meaning to ________. A. beautiful B. eatable C. visible D. delicate 62. This page is most likely to be found at ________. A. http: //www.britishairways.com/en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburgh B. https: //www.rabbies.com/en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburgh C. https: //www.virgintrainseastcoast.com/our-destinations/edinburgh-overview D. http: //www.edinburghcastle.gov.uk/discover/about-the-castle 【答案】60. C 61. B 62. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了在爱丁堡人们最喜欢吃饭、观光和购物的地方。 【60题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Shopping centre”下面的“Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you from your cash.(哈维·尼科尔斯：一个奢华的代名词，哈维·尼克斯深受时尚界人士的喜爱。古奇、维多利亚·贝克汉姆和马克·雅可布会试图将你与现金分开。)”可推测出，在哈维·尼科尔斯可以找到许多高端的品牌。故选C。 【61题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“A satisfying dinner”和画线词前的“With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, home-grown fresh fruits”可知，这里说的是餐饮的食材来自当地的种植者，其中有自家种植的新鲜水果，由此可推测出，这里说的是可以食用的鲜花。edible意为“可食用的”，与eatable意思接近。故选B。 【62题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章开头图片中的“Edinburgh—the fourth most beautiful city in the world(爱丁堡——世界上第四美丽的城市)”以及第一段“Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping.(这里有一些我们最喜欢的用餐、观光和购物地点。)”和下文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是在爱丁堡人们最喜欢吃饭、观光和购物的地方的概述，C选项中的edinburgh-overview意为“爱丁堡概述”，由此可推知，这一页有可能在https: //www.virgintrainseastcoast.com/our-destinations/edinburgh-overview网址中找到。故选C。 (C) We all have a tendency to fake laugh, particularly when authority figures in our lives try to make a joke that just doesn’t land. Though it might feel rude not to laugh when your in-laws or boss try to say something funny, pretending to do so might not be much better. It turns out, even if you think that your forced laughing sounds genuine, people are usually pretty good at separating truly spirited belly laughs from fake ones. But how can they possible know the difference? Well, when researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles studied the acoustic and perceptual differences between real and fake laughter, they found that some of the sounds associated with genuine laughter is “really hard to fake.” In their study, the researchers determined that subjects were only fooled by 37 percent of fake laughter. The most prominent factor distinguishing real laughter from fake laughter is duration -- or, more specifically, the number of breaths taken in in between sounds. Seeing as it takes more effort and concentration to fake a laugh as opposed to do it genuinely, people tend to pause more in between their “ha-ha’s” when they’re faking it. Evidently, that pausing is pretty noticeable. “A fake laugh is basically an imitation of a real laugh, but produced with a slightly different set of vocal muscles controlled by a different part of our brain,” Greg Bryant, the lead UCLA researcher on the study, explained. “The result is that there are subtle features of the laugh that sound like speech, and ... people are unconsciously quite sensitive to them.” People have also proven to be emotionally sensitive to laughter as well. “Our rains are very sensitive to the social and emotional significance of laughter,” said Carolyn McGettigan, a scientist at Royal Holloway, University of London. McGettigan conducted a 2014 study that recorded participants’ brain responses as they listened to the same people produce genuine laughter by watching funny videos, as opposed to fake laughter. “During our study, when participants heard a laugh that was posed, they activated regions of the brain associated with mentalizing in an attempt to understand the other person’s emotional and mental state,” she said. So, while we may understand that certain social situations sometimes require fake laughter, most of the time, our instincts and emotional intelligence are just too smart to buy into them. According to McGettigan, that’s a good thing. “Evolutionarily speaking, it’s good to be able to detect if someone is authentically experiencing an emotion or if they’re not,” she said. “Because you don’t want to be fooled.” 63. What do researchers at the University of California want to find out in this study? A. What is the difference between a fake laugh and a real one. B. Which part of the brain controls the sound of our laughter. C. Why do people need to fake laugh when they don’t want to. D. How to laugh as genuinely as possible when you are faking it. 64. Your forced laughing is more noticeable than you think, mainly because_______. A. you seem more concentrated when you laugh for real B. you take more breaths when you try to fake a laugh C. a fake laugh often happens after a sudden pause D. a real laugh usually lasts longer than a fake one 65. Which of the following is true according to Greg Bryant? A. Real laughter is not at all controllable by our brain. B. People may notice fake laughter without knowing why. C. People use the same set of muscles to laugh and to speak. D. Faking laugh shares the same techniques as making speech. 66. What has Carolyn McGettigan’s 2014 study proven? A. Certain social situations may require us to fake a laugh. B. Evolution has enabled us to recognize other’s emotions. C. By instincts, we are able to tell a person’s mental state. D. We can sense other’s emotional state when they laugh. 【答案】63. A 64. B 65. B 66. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们都有一种假笑的倾向，尤其是当我们生活中的权威人物试图说一个无法成功的笑话时。事实证明，即使你认为你的强迫笑听起来很真实，人们通常很擅长区分真笑和假笑。一项针对真笑和假笑在声学和感知上的差异的研究发现，区分真笑和假笑最重要的因素是声音之间的呼吸次数。文章中两位研究人员对此进行了一些说明。 【63题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中Well, when researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles studied the acoustic and perceptual differences between real and fake laughter, they found that some of the sounds associated with genuine laughter is “really hard to fake.”可知加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员研究了真笑和假笑在声学和感知上的差异，他们发现一些与真笑相关的声音“真的很难假装”。由此可知，加州大学的研究人员想在这项研究中发现了假笑和真笑的区别。故选A。 【64题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中The most prominent factor distinguishing real laughter from fake laughter is duration —or, more specifically, the number of breaths taken in in between sounds. Seeing as it takes more effort and concentration to fake a laugh as opposed to do it genuinely, people tend to pause more in between their “ha-ha’s” when they’re faking it.可知区分真笑和假笑最重要的因素是持续时间，或者更具体地说，是声音之间的呼吸次数。假笑比真笑需要更多的努力和注意力，所以人们在假装笑的时候，往往会在“哈哈大笑”的间隙停顿更多。由此可知，你的假笑比你想象的更引人注目，这主要是因为当你试图假笑时，你会做更多的呼吸。故选B。 【65题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The result is that there are subtle features of the laugh that sound like speech,and ... people are unconsciously quite sensitive to them.”可知“其结果是，笑声中有一些微妙的特征听起来像在说话，而且……人们在不知不觉中对它们相当敏感。”由此可推知，根据Greg Bryant 的说法，B选项“人们可能会在不知道原因的情况下注意到假笑声”正确。故选B。 【66题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“During our study, when participants heard a laugh that was posed, they activated regions of the brain associated with mentalizing in an attempt to understand the other person’s emotional and mental state,” she said.可知她说：“在我们的研究中，当参与者听到别人发出的笑声时，他们会激活大脑中与精神化相关的区域，试图理解对方的情绪和精神状态。”由此可知，Carolyn McGettigan 2014年的研究证明了当别人笑的时候，我们可以感觉到他们的情绪状态。故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Luwak Coffee Indonesia Luwak coffee is one of the most expensive coffees in the world, because it has extraordinary value and its availability is very rare. Indonesian Luwak coffee, or civet(麝香猫) coffee, sells well and is very popular with coffee lovers because it is considered to have a smooth and friendly taste in the stomach. ___67___ Many are disgusted with the basic ingredients that come from animal feces(粪便). Because of this, these drinks also get bad nicknames in various countries. Even so, the Indonesian Luwak coffee industry seems uninterrupted and still sells well at high prices. ___68___ These three factors are a long production process, the amount of harvest that is not as large as ordinary coffee beans, and the taste of coffee that is not thick. Initially, this drink was discovered by local people who are curious about the taste of coffee. They find seeds that are still complete in the feces of a cat - like animal, so they process seeds from the dirt, bake, then make a drink. The enjoyment of this drink is heard by the Dutch government. They then collect and sell Indonesian civet coffee at very high prices. The process begins when coffee plants enter the harvest period. Fruit that is ready for harvest will begin to turn reddish. ___69___ The fruit eaten will be digested by this animal, strangely the digestion of this animal cannot destroy the layer of coffee. The dirt or feces from the civets will later be collected to be cleaned. After cleaning, the next process is roasting. The roasting process is only up to the medium roast level. The reason is to maintain a unique sense of character. The roasted seeds are then packaged in whole beans or powder for sale. ___70___ A. In fact, coffee beans in each region have different taste character. B. Luwak has the habit and ability to choose the best quality coffee fruit, so this animal will eat fruit with good seeds. C. Not everyone can appreciate this drink. D. Some breeding areas even open a civet coffee cafe so that visitors can enjoy the most expensive coffee immediately after baking. E. There are three main factors that make Indonesian Luwak coffee more expensive than coffee in general. F. What is the actual production process of civet coffee? 【答案】67. C 68. E 69. B 70. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印尼麝香猫咖啡是世界上最昂贵的咖啡之一，因为它有非凡的价值和它的供应非常稀少。文章说明了导致印尼麝香猫咖啡昂贵的三个因素，以及这种咖啡的发现和制作过程。 【67题详解】 根据后文Many are disgusted with the basic ingredients that come from animal feces.可知许多人对来自动物粪便的基本成分感到厌恶。由此可知，并不是每个人都喜欢喝这种麝香猫咖啡。故C选项“不是每个人都喜欢这种饮料”符合上下文语境，故选C。 【68题详解】 根据后文These three factors are a long production process, the amount of harvest that is not as large as ordinary coffee beans, and the taste of coffee that is not thick.可知这三个因素是一个漫长的生产过程，收获量不像普通咖啡豆那么大，咖啡的味道不浓。由此可知，本段是在说明印尼麝香猫咖啡比一般咖啡贵的三个主要因素。后文中These three factors可对应到E选项中three main factors。故E选项“印尼麝香猫咖啡比一般咖啡贵，主要有三个因素”符合上下文语境，故选E。 【69题详解】 根据后文The fruit eaten will be digested by this animal, strangely the digestion of this animal cannot destroy the layer of coffee.可知吃下的水果会被这种动物消化，奇怪的是，这种动物的消化不能破坏咖啡层。由此可知，本句是在说明麝香猫有吃下咖啡水果的习惯，故B选项“麝香猫有习惯和能力选择品质最好的咖啡水果，所以这种动物会吃有好种子的水果”符合上下文语境，故选B。 【70题详解】 结合上文After cleaning, the next process is roasting. The roasting process is only up to the medium roast level. The reason is to maintain a unique sense of character. The roasted seeds are then packaged in whole beans or powder for sale.可知清洗后，下一个步骤是焙烧。烘焙过程只达到中等烘焙水平。原因是要保持一种独特的个性。烤过的种子然后包装成整粒豆子或粉末出售。由此可知，本段是在说明人们享用这种咖啡的一些方式，本句承接上文说明一些养殖区域甚至还开设了麝香猫咖啡馆，让游客在烘焙后立即享用最昂贵的咖啡。故D选项“一些养殖区域甚至还开设了麝香猫咖啡馆，让游客在烘焙后立即享用最昂贵的咖啡”符合上下文语境，故选D。 IV. Summary Writing 71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Emotional Debt Many people today live under the weight of debt from loans or credit cards. As harmful as financial debt is, there is another form of debt that is even more damaging — emotional debt. Dr. James Richard states that emotional debt occurs “when we experience emotional pain that remains unresolved.” If the pain is not dealt with, it will affect us our entire lives. Throughout the years, we have chances for happiness, love and success. But unresolved pain can emerge, causing us to respond in ways that aren’t reasonable. When we have a tendency to respond inappropriately, we often hurt those around us. Unfortunately our unresolved problems sometimes become too much for them to handle, causing them to abandon the relationship. People with destructive patterns should check their lives for signs of unresolved pain. Your emotional debt can come from various forms of past abuse (辱骂) or neglect. You may be holding onto painful memories of controlling parents or very demanding teachers. You may not have dealt with the pain of a broken relationship or the death of a loved one. Any negative emotion that you have controlled over the years can come back to cause harm when you least expect. Recognize your feelings, but don’t focus on them all the time. Acknowledging and confronting your pain is difficult, but recognizing it is the first step toward dealing with it. Admit you are angry about the past, and discuss it with someone you trust, or write it down. This will ease some of the anger you’ve kept for years. Refuse to be a victim and accept responsibility for dealing with your painful past. This puts you in charge and limits the power your emotions have over you. Take specific steps to resolve your emotional debt now instead of dealing with the consequences later. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Emotional debt is unresolved emotional pain and can harm us unexpectedly, like breaking relationships. It can originate from any negative emotion you’ve controlled. Therefore, to avoid its negative effects, measures should be taken to address it as soon as possible. First, recognize your pain. Second, express it orally or in a written way. And then, deal with it actively. (59 words) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，情感债务是未解决的情感痛苦，可能会意外地伤害我们，比如分手。它可以源于你所控制的任何负面情绪。因此，为了避免其负面影响，应该尽快采取措施解决它。首先，认识到你的痛苦。第二，用口头或书面的方式表达。然后，积极地处理它。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①As harmful as financial debt is, there is another form of debt that is even more damaging — emotional debt. ②When we have a tendency to respond inappropriately, we often hurt those around us. ③Your emotional debt can come from various forms of past abuse (辱骂) or neglect.  ④Recognize your feelings, but don’t focus on them all the time. ⑤Admit you are angry about the past, and discuss it with someone you trust, or write it down. ⑥Refuse to be a victim and accept responsibility for dealing with your painful past. ⑦Take specific steps to resolve your emotional debt now instead of dealing with the consequences later. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、7两个要点分别改写，将第4、5、6三个要点分别进行总结整合。 3.遣词造句 Emotional debt is unresolved emotional pain and can harm us unexpectedly, like breaking relationships. It can originate from any negative emotion you’ve controlled. Therefore, to avoid its negative effects, measures should be taken to address it as soon as possible. First, recognize your pain. Second, express it orally or in a written way. And then, deal with it actively. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It can originate from any negative emotion you’ve controlled. (运用了省略关系代词引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] Therefore, to avoid its negative effects, measures should be taken to address it as soon as possible. (运用了含有情态动词的被动语态用法) V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 不可否认，作品的成熟缘于作家游历天下的经历。(deny) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It can’t be denied that the maturity of the work is due to the author’s experience of traveling around the world. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、名词短语和介词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，该句应为固定句型It can’t be denied that…“不可否认……”，表示“作品的成熟”应为名词短语the maturity of the work；表示“缘于”应为介词短语due to；表示“作家游历天下的经历”应为名词短语the author’s experience of traveling around the world。故翻译为：It can’t be denied that the maturity of the work is due to the author’s experience of traveling around the world. 73. 我们不应该以牺牲他人为代价来追求自己的幸福。(pursue) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should not pursue our own happiness at the expense of others. 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词、动词短语和介词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“不应该”应为情态动词should not；表示“追求自己的幸福”应为动词短语pursue our own happiness；表示“以牺牲他人为代价”应为介词短语at the expense of others。故翻译为：We should not pursue our own happiness at the expense of others. 74. 如果老师过于注重语法操练，学生可能会对英语学习失去兴趣。(emphasis) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If teachers put too much emphasis on grammar practice, students may lose interest in studying English. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、条件状语从句、固定短语。表示“如果老师过于注重语法操练”用if“如果”引导的条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，条件状语从句中：表示“老师们”用teachers，作主语；表示“过于注重”用put too much emphasis on，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语teachers为复数，谓语用动词原形；表示“语法操练”用grammar practice，作宾语。主句中：表示“学生们”用students，作主语；表示“可能”用情态动词may；表示“对英语学习失去兴趣”用lose interest in studying English，位于may后，lose用原形。故翻译为If teachers put too much emphasis on grammar practice, students may lose interest in studying English. 75. 当澳洲本土文化受到欧洲移民的威胁时，冲突就产生了。（arise）（汉译英） 【答案】Conflicts arose when the native Australian culture was threatened by the European settlers. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和状语从句。结合句意表示“冲突产生”翻译为conflicts arise，此处用一般过去时；when引导时间状语从句，表示“澳洲本土文化受到欧洲移民的威胁”翻译为the native Australian culture was threatened by the European settlers，为一般过去时的被动语态。故翻译为Conflicts arose when the native Australian culture was threatened by the European settlers. 76. 有些父母总是把他们的想法强加于他们孩子，这是十分错误的做法。 (impose) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Some parents are always imposing their ideas on their children, which is extremely wrong. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、定语从句。表示“有些父母”用some parents，作主语，句首单词首字母大写。表示“把自己的想法强加给某人”用impose one’s ideas on sb.，表示“总是”用always，always用于进行时，表示说话人强烈的情感，本句时态用现在进行时，主语为复数，be动词用are。表示“他们的”用形容词性物主代词their。表示“他们孩子”用their children，作宾语。表示“这是十分错误的做法”用定语从句，定语从句中：定语从句修饰主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导；be动词用is；表示“错误的”用形容词wrong，作表语；表示“十分”用副词extremely，修饰wrong，作状语。故翻译为Some parents are always imposing their ideas on their children, which is extremely wrong. VI. Guided Writing 77. Directions: Write an English composition in 110-130 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 最近，英文报社开设了一个关于“Balance in life”的栏目。请你参与投稿，写一封信给编辑，你的信中必须包括： ● 你对balance in life的理解； ● 你生活中如何寻求平衡、缓解压力； ● 你的建议。 （注意：文中不得出现具体学校名称或人名。） _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Editors， Suffering from stress from study and life, we need to maintain a balance in our life. It means we can gain relief and success by making a conscious effort to reduce the stress. There was a time when I had to stay up late to do those piles of homework, which was a frustrating and tiring experience for me. But now, not only have I improved my study efficiency, but I can develop my hobbies in my spare time. Here I’ll share what I did with you. First, sharing your feelings with your teachers or parents will enable you to remove your negative emotions as well as obtaining useful suggestions. Additionally, you can take regular physical exercise to lift your spirits, helping you keep focused in class and enhance your study efficiency. Of importance is keeping an optimistic attitude towards your future, for you will become more strong-willed after going through all the challenges. With the suggestions above, I firmly believe all of us will cope with the intense stress well and maintain a balance in our life. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英文报社开设的“Balance in life”的栏目写信，谈谈自己对balance in life的理解，在生活中是如何寻求平衡、缓解压力的，并提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 保持：maintain→keep 改善：improve→enhance 得到：obtain→gain 去除：remove→rid 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, you can take regular physical exercise to lift your spirits, helping you keep focused in class and enhance your study efficiency. 拓展句：Additionally, you can take regular physical exercise to lift your spirits, which will help you keep focused in class and enhance your study efficiency. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 But now, not only have I improved my study efficiency, but I can develop my hobbies in my spare time. （运用了倒装句） 【高分句型2】 First, sharing your feelings with your teachers or parents will enable you to remove your negative emotions as well as obtaining useful suggestions.（运用了动名词作主语以及不定式作补语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $