精品解析：广东省华附 省实 广雅 深中四校2024-2025学年高三上学期期末联考英语试题

华附、省实、广雅、深中2025届高三四校联考英语 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Journals Make Thoughtful Holiday Gifts Journals specifically aimed at self-care, wellness practices and gratitude make beautiful, thoughtful and caring gifts for your loved ones this holiday season. Here are some journals worth wrapping up. The 6-Minute Diary The 6-Minute Diary($28) features daily pages where you can take three minutes to reflect on the start of your day, and three minutes to reflect at the end. You’ll focus on three things you’re grateful for, how to make today great, a good deed you did that day, how you’ll improve, and three things you appreciated that day. There are also weekly and monthly self-reflections. Papier Joy Gratitude Journal With its eye-poping front cover, this journal($35) is making us feel significantly peppier. The book is filled with five months worth of entries and prompt, all geared to helping users to seek out and appreciate more mindful moments within their day-to-day lives. Papier’s Wellness Journal Papier’s Wellness Journal($33) starts off with a kind andgentle reminder that practicing mindfulness is about practice-not perfection. The 12-week journal is filled with sections used for outlining “feel-good goals” and your progress toward them, sections to write down healthy meals and reflection pages. Self-Care Journal This 90-day hardcover journal($31) will inspire you to commit to your self care routine, while encouraging healthy habits like sleeping well, eating nourishing food, getting in the habit of daily movement, and more. Plus, it promotes the habitual practice of doing other enriching things that simply bring you joy such as socializing, journaling, meditating, and expressing gratitude. 1. What should you do at the end of the day while using The 6-Minute Diary? A. Answer some inspiring questions. B. Spend six minutes appreciating the day. C. Reorganize your routine for the next day. D. Use three minutes to look back on the day. 2. Which journal emphasizes forming healthy lifestyle habits? A. Self-Care Journal B. The 6-Minute Diary C. Papier’s Wellness Journal D. Papier Joy Gratitude Journal 3. What do the four journals have in common? A. They focus on long-term goal setting. B. They help users track their physical fitness. C. They include daily or weekly reflection prompts. D. They encourage users to record their healthy meals. B My wife and I haven’t had much time to ourselves. At the end of a day’s parenting, there’s often so little time left that even 35 minutes of our favourite TV show feels pointless. Especially since several times this year, we’ve managed to time it right as a show gets cancelled. Bedtime is the real time-suck. Since our kids now share a room, our project has been putting them down at the same time. But this is tough. At six, our son insists on staying up later than a two-year-old. The problem is, I agree with him. I’ve been conditioned by my childhood. With 10 siblings, different bedtimes were strictly enforced as a tiny symbolic separation. Bedtimes came in rigid deadlines, informally attached to the popular soap operas. The youngest reported themselves abed once Neighbours finished. Over-12s had to retire once Home and Away ended at 7 p. m. But the true milestone for emotional maturity was one where its characters had nose rings and disliked school. To stay up past that point, you had to be old enough, and such elders governed those below like marines. I was the ninth of 11, so I still associate the credits of these soaps with the tuning of heads from eight elders, who scanned the room for those avoiding bedtime. It’s strange that what was once debatable now appears unquestionable. This, it seems, is the song of a bird that has come to love its cage. I just can’t help thinking my son needs a bedtime separate from a young child, not least one who takes 45 minutes to sleep in a fully darkened room. So, we make compromises. We put them down together in their respective beds at 7:15 pm. Story time is directed at my daughter, while my son is given two books. As slowly as we can, we steal away from the room, once there’s only soft breathing and light reading. Trembling, we tiptoe downstairs to become reacquainted with ourselves and, joy of joys, to watch a full hour of some show that has inevitably been canceled by the time you’re reading this. 4. What makes watching TV shows meaningless for the couple? A. The tiring workload of a full day of parenting duties. B. The argument between their two kids about bedtime. C. The unfortunate cancellation of their favourite shows. D. The brief time available after their caring for the kids. 5. What can we learn about the bedtimes in the author’s childhood? A. They symbolized the differing levels of growth. B. They reflected the power play among all siblings. C. They showed the parents’ preference for older kids. D. They marked the Importance of order in the family. 6. Why does the author mention “the song of a bird” in paragraph 4? A. To highlight his former resistance to bedtime rules. B. To show his conflicted attitude to old bedtime rules. C. To emphasize the contrast between songs and cages. D. To compare childhood rules with their compromises. 7. What is the author’s tone in the passage? A. Critical and casual. B. Reflective and playful C. Humorous and tolerant. D. Serious and sympathetic. C Since the first astronauts spent time in space, scientists have known that space travel affects the human body in strange ways. Muscle and bone mass decrease and the risk of conditions usually associated with old age, such as cancers and cataracts (白内障), ticks up. Why the human body should decline faster in space is still largely a mystery, but one that researchers are dealing with increasing urgency as civilian space travel becomes more feasible. In a recent study that involved sending muscle samples to the International Space Station, some 250 miles above Earth, researchers from Stanford Medicine found that the lack of gravity in space impairs the normal regenerative ability of muscle. The samples were grown from muscle cells donated by healthy volunteers to resemble the bundled structure of muscle fibres. They spent seven days growing in space, then frozen until their return to Earth. The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia (肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades. Both indicated a shift toward more fatty acid metabolism (脂肪酸代谢) and a greater tendency toward cell death. The impaired regeneration could contribute to why astronauts’ muscles weaken even with regular exercise. “Microgravity is almost like an accelerated disease-forming platform and environment,” said Ngan Huang, PhD, senior author of the study published recently in Stem Cell Reports. “It’s important to understand how microgravity is affecting different tissues in the body, with muscle being one of the most essential ones because of how much of it we have in our bodies.” Huang’s team also tested drugs that partially prevented these impairments in the muscle samples, which could benefit space travellers and Earth-bound seniors — perhaps even senior space travellers alike. Ultimately, Huang, who is also a principal investigator at the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System hopes to find ways to enhance muscle regeneration to heal severe muscle injuries, like those many Soldiers injured during wars. 8. Which of the following best describes the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A. Difficult to complete. B. Lawful to conduct. C. Expensive to attempt. D. Possible to achieve. 9. What can we learn about the muscle samples in the recent study? A. They developed sarcopenia after a week in space. B. They were collected directly from volunteers’ muscles. C. They may fail to function properly after returning from space. D They were frozen due to the freezing temperatures in microgravity. 10. Why is microgravity described as an “accelerated disease-forming platform”? A. It stops muscle from recovering after injury. B. It reproduces long-term conditions in a shorter time. C. It affects astronauts with pre-existing conditions only. D. It speeds up cancer and cataracts development in astronauts. 11. What is Huang likely to focus on in future research? A. Proving space travel advances aging in astronauts. B. Investigating microgravity’s impact on muscle structure. C. Creating ways to boost muscle regeneration in critical injuries. D Designing exercises to prevent muscle loss during space travel. D In a stimulating interview with the philosopher Daniel Dennett in Living on Earth, Dannet shared that Charles Darwin and Alan Turing might make the same discovery. Darwin showed how you can get the appearance of purpose and design out of blind processes of natural selection. And Turing said that any computable problem can be computed by a machine without understanding. The host then voiced a concern: as Al advances, machines will come to lord over us. Dennett acknowledges there’s a takeover risk but claims it’s misunderstood. The risk is not that machines will become autonomous rulers but that we will depend too much on machines. The main issue with AI is not intelligence but autonomy. At the end of the day, even the smartest computers are our tools, and their intentions are ours. Or, to the extent that we can speak of their intentions at all. The intention of a self-driving car to avoid an obstacle, for example, is what it’s designed for. Our growing dependence on technologies doesn’t mean we are losing our natural autonomy in quite this sense. Our needs remain. But it is a loss of autonomy. Even auto mechanics these days rely on computers and, in the era of self-driving cars, will any of us still know how to drive? Think what would happen if we lost electricity? We’d be thrown back into the 19th century, as Dennett says. But things would be worse as we lack know-how that made it possible for our ancestors to live well in the olden days. The truth is, we’ve been technological since our dawn as a species. We first found ourselves in the archaeological record where we saw a great exposition of tools, technologies, art-making and language. In a sense, being human means being like a cyborg, which is a technological extension of our natural selves. This suggests that at any time in our development, a large-scale breakdown in the technological system would spell not exactly our doom, but our complete reorganization. Perhaps what makes our current dilemma unprecedented (史无前例的) is the fact that we are so closely networked. When the library of Alexandria burned down, books and knowledge were lost. But in a world where libraries are replaced by their online versions, it isn’t unimaginable that every library could be sinply deleted. What happens to us then? 12. Which of the following statements might Dennet most likely agree with? A. AI might be overly relied on. B. AI doesn’t have comprehension. C. AI’s development is bounded. D AI’s evolution resembles natural selection. 13. Which of the following examples best matches the idea of “know-how” in paragraph 4? A. A scholar studies the theory of natural selection. B. A nobleman hires servants to do all the housework. C. A farmer builds a table by hand using traditional tools. D. A worker operates a machine following preset instructions. 14. Why did the author mention libraries in paragraph 6? A. To show the technological stability. B. To prove the technological safeguard. C. To emphasize the technological weakness. D. To illustrate the technological transformation. 15. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Is the Concern Artificial Intelligence or Autonomy? B. How will Technology Breakdown Change Our Lives? C. Will Artificial Autonomy Threaten Humanity’s Existence? D. How does the Human-Technology Relationship Develop? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑， 选项中有两项为多余选项。 On July 4, 1972, a pair of young newlyweds named Tony and Maureen were on the driveway of a family home in the south of England. _____16_____. Or somewhere. They had a trunk full of food, cooking equipment and some sleeping bags. They believed that their journey across Asia would be nothing more than a little adventure before they settled down to a steady, middle-class life in England. And it turned out to be just the kind of adventure the couple longed for. They got caught in a snowstorm in the Italian Alps; bumped into a motorcycle in Iran; then sold their car. From there, it was a bus to Pakistan, then on to India. The couple hitchhiked south across Thailand and on through Malaysia and Singapore. _____17_____. Tony and Maureen each lost more than ten pounds in the five and a half months it took them to get from England to Australia. _____18_____. And by the time they made it to Sydney they had precisely twenty-seven cents left to sustain them. _____19_____. The bookshops they could have visited back in England in 1972 would have had precious little to offer in the way of practical advice for their route. But that’s not to say that Tony and Maureen had nothing to guide them. As they would discover soon, their single best source of information was the other travelers they’d encounter on the road. _____20_____. And these notes would ate prove to be a very valuable resource for the book Across Asia on the Cheap, beginning of their Lonely Planet guidebooks — the gospel (真理) of adventure travel for tens of millions of readers. A. They would also exchange information. B. They once wanted to stop their journey. C. They’d covered over ten thousand miles. D. Tony took very careful notes of the information every day. E. They set out on the final leg of the trip-Western Australia. F. What did the young couple have to guide them in all of this? G. They were driving a used minivan and their goal was to get to India. 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last year, my 9-year-old son Leopold and I went on a ski trip to Keystone, Colorado. We made (a)n _____21_____ : say yes to everything, especially new experiences. Leopold is a picky eater and can _____22_____ to try new things, so I wanted to _____23_____ him without turning to old-fashioned advice like “You’ll never know if you like it unless you try.” When we arrived in Keystone, we started by trying new foods and _____24_____. I tasted a vegan meatball, and Leopold _____25_____ hash browns — an American potato dish. Neither of us loved it, but we both _____26_____ it as “not bad.” The next day, Leopold faced his fear of _____27_____ to ride a chairlift for snowboarding. I also _____28_____ myself for a ski on an advanced slope. Later, we even _____29_____ the coldness by trying an outdoor hot tub. It was freezing, but the experience was _____30_____. We continued saying yes on our spring break trip to St. Augustine, Florida, whose moonlit ghost tour gave us a thrill of pleasure and _____31_____. Then in Yellowstone, we went line dancing at a country-western bar, swinging our waists _____32_____. Our family _____33_____ continued through the whole summer, _____34_____ memories we’ll never forget. The whole experience _____35_____ a reminder: to step out of comfort zone and live life to the fullest. 21. A. agreement B. appointment C. difference D. effort 22. A. manage B. resolve C. expect D. hesitate 23. A. remind B. encourage C. promise D. force 24. A. approaches B. tricks C. games D. activities 25. A. sampled B. prepared C. served D. processed 26. A. explained B. pictured C. rated D. celebrated 27. A. ambition B. judgment C. height D. commitment 28. A. treated B. challenged C. justified D. prepared 29. A. survived B. braved C. skipped D. pursued 30. A. refreshing B. familiar C. reliable D. admirable 31. A. anticipation B. excitement C. gratitude D. curiosity 32. A. wildly B. gently C. peacefully D. skillfully 33. A. history B. tradition C. entertainment D. adventure 34. A. preserving B. recalling C. creating D. regaining 35. A. called for B. accounted for C. passed down to D. came down to 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 语法填空 Peru is an underrated culinary powerhouse. Its long coastline, vast Andes mountains, and tropical rain forests have given rise to its rich food and culinary culture. Beyond local flavors, Peruvian cuisine also blends influences from Asia, Africa, and Europe. And the fusion of cooking styles has created _____36_____ (incredible) delicious results. A must-try dish from _____37_____ world-renowned melting pot is lomo saltado — marinated (腌制的) strips of steak stir-fry with soy sauce, chopped red onions, tomatoes, crispy French fries and the unmissable ají amarillo chili pepper (黄辣椒), _____38_____ (serve) with rice on the side. Very flavorful, yet not spicy, lomo saltado never fails to impress _____39_____ (dine) in Peru and beyond. Lomo saltado is almost like a metaphor for modern-day culture: key ingredients from different corners of the world _____40_____ combine to create something new and characteristic — ají amarillo and potato from Peru, beef from Spain. Spaniards are also believed _____41_____ (introduce) rice to Peru in the early years of the colony. The last key player in the recipe: China. Thousands of Cantonese _____42_____ (immigrate) to Peru in the mid-nineteenth century, introducing the wok, soy sauce and the concept of stir-frying. We can guess that _____43_____ some point in the early twentieth century, a bold cook used his or her creativity to take the above foods and stir fry _____44_____ in a wok. Voila, a culinary superstar was born. And it is _____45_____ a culinary journey to South America should start with. 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jasper对你在“Guangzhou International Marathon”活动中担任志愿者的经历很感兴趣，希望了解更多。请你写一封邮件回复，内容包括： 1. 描述主要职责； 2. 分享活动收获。 注 意 ： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jasper, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 Growing up, the first day of school was always exciting — new clothes, supplies, and classes. But at twenty-three, the first day of school had me in a panic. I was the new teacher. I had just celebrated my birthday, the new year, and my divorce. Unloved and unneeded, the rejection of a failed marriage still hurt. I had graduated in December, and a school more than sixty miles from my apartment had hired me to teach a class of twenty-two fifth graders. As the principal Mrs. Bright walked me to my classroom I asked, “What happened to the last teacher?” She answered, “She left just a week after the school year started. There have been thirteen replacement teachers since then. You are the fourteenth one, Sylvia.” As I entered the classroom, I said with a sweet smile, “I’m your teacher for the rest of the year.” The kids were excited to meet me, but they quickly became restless. Some sat wherever they wanted, while others talked or passed notes. One girl called Tracy crawled under her desk, and a boy named Kyle began crying for no reason. The rest of the day was chaotic-fights broke out, and some kids refused to talk to me. As the final bell rang, I collapsed into my chair, exhausted. Later, during my conference period, Mrs. Bright told me, “Tracy can’t read and doesn’t pay attention. Just leave her alone, and make up a grade.” I was shocked. “What about Kyle?” I asked. “He’ll be fine. He is just lonely. His mom is a single mother working around the clock.” Through our exchange, I came to understand that most of these kids had been kicked out of other schools. No one came to their rescue. They were the ones no one else wanted. These kids, like me, were used to rejection. The pain of my own divorce made me realize how much they deserved better. 注意 ： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I decided to do something for these rejected kids. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Gradually, the students realized that I cared for them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 华附、省实、广雅、深中2025届高三四校联考英语 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Journals Make Thoughtful Holiday Gifts Journals specifically aimed at self-care, wellness practices and gratitude make beautiful, thoughtful and caring gifts for your loved ones this holiday season. Here are some journals worth wrapping up. The 6-Minute Diary The 6-Minute Diary($28) features daily pages where you can take three minutes to reflect on the start of your day, and three minutes to reflect at the end. You’ll focus on three things you’re grateful for, how to make today great, a good deed you did that day, how you’ll improve, and three things you appreciated that day. There are also weekly and monthly self-reflections. Papier Joy Gratitude Journal With its eye-poping front cover, this journal($35) is making us feel significantly peppier. The book is filled with five months worth of entries and prompt, all geared to helping users to seek out and appreciate more mindful moments within their day-to-day lives. Papier’s Wellness Journal Papier’s Wellness Journal($33) starts off with a kind andgentle reminder that practicing mindfulness is about practice-not perfection. The 12-week journal is filled with sections used for outlining “feel-good goals” and your progress toward them, sections to write down healthy meals and reflection pages. Self-Care Journal This 90-day hardcover journal($31) will inspire you to commit to your self care routine, while encouraging healthy habits like sleeping well, eating nourishing food, getting in the habit of daily movement, and more. Plus, it promotes the habitual practice of doing other enriching things that simply bring you joy such as socializing, journaling, meditating, and expressing gratitude. 1. What should you do at the end of the day while using The 6-Minute Diary? A. Answer some inspiring questions. B. Spend six minutes appreciating the day. C. Reorganize your routine for the next day. D. Use three minutes to look back on the day. 2. Which journal emphasizes forming healthy lifestyle habits? A. Self-Care Journal B. The 6-Minute Diary C. Papier’s Wellness Journal D. Papier Joy Gratitude Journal 3. What do the four journals have in common? A. They focus on long-term goal setting. B. They help users track their physical fitness. C. They include daily or weekly reflection prompts. D. They encourage users to record their healthy meals. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了适合作为节日礼物的几种不同类型的日记本及其特点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The 6-Minute Diary”部分中“The 6-Minute Diary($28) features daily pages where you can take three minutes to reflect on the start of your day, and three minutes to reflect at the end. You’ll focus on three things you’re grateful for, how to make today great, a good deed you did that day, how you’ll improve, and three things you appreciated that day. There are also weekly and monthly self-reflections.(“6分钟日记”（28美元）每天都有一页，你可以花三分钟来反思一天的开始，也可以花三分钟来反思一天的结束。你会把注意力集中在三件你感激的事情上，如何让今天变得美好，你当天做了一件好事，你将如何改进，以及你当天感激的三件事。还有每周和每月的自我反省。)”可知，在一天结束的时候，当你使用“6分钟日记”时，在一天结束时，你应该用三分钟时间来回顾这一天，可以将注意力集中在三件你感激的事情上。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Self-Care Journal”部分中“This 90-day hardcover journal($31) will inspire you to commit to your self care routine, while encouraging healthy habits like sleeping well, eating nourishing food, getting in the habit of daily movement, and more.(这本为期90天的精装日记（31美元）将激励你致力于你的自我护理，同时鼓励你养成健康的习惯，比如睡个好觉，吃有营养的食物，养成每天运动的习惯等等)”可知，Self-Care Journal强调养成健康的生活习惯。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The 6-Minute Diary”部分中的“There are also weekly and monthly self-reflections.(还有每周和每月的自我反省)”、“Papier Joy Gratitude Journal”部分中的“The book is filled with five months worth of entries and prompt, all geared to helping users to seek out and appreciate more mindful moments within their day-to-day lives.(这个本子包含了5个月的条目和提示，所有这些都是为了帮助用户在日常生活中寻找和欣赏更多的正念时刻)”、“Papier’s Wellness Journal”部分中“The 12-week journal is filled with sections used for outlining “feel-good goals” and your progress toward them, sections to write down healthy meals and reflection pages.(这个为期12周的日记本有很多部分用来概述“感觉良好的目标”和你朝着这些目标取得的进展，还有一些部分用来记录健康饮食和反思页面)”以及“Self-Care Journal”部分中的“This 90-day hardcover journal($31) will inspire you to commit to your self care routine, while encouraging healthy habits like sleeping well, eating nourishing food, getting in the habit of daily movement, and more.(这本为期90天的精装日记本（31美元）将激励你致力于你的自我护理，同时鼓励你养成健康的习惯，比如睡个好觉，吃有营养的食物，养成每天运动的习惯等等)”可知，这四种日记本的共同之处是包括每日或每周的反思提示。故选C。 B My wife and I haven’t had much time to ourselves. At the end of a day’s parenting, there’s often so little time left that even 35 minutes of our favourite TV show feels pointless. Especially since several times this year, we’ve managed to time it right as a show gets cancelled. Bedtime is the real time-suck. Since our kids now share a room, our project has been putting them down at the same time. But this is tough. At six, our son insists on staying up later than a two-year-old. The problem is, I agree with him. I’ve been conditioned by my childhood. With 10 siblings, different bedtimes were strictly enforced as a tiny symbolic separation. Bedtimes came in rigid deadlines, informally attached to the popular soap operas. The youngest reported themselves abed once Neighbours finished. Over-12s had to retire once Home and Away ended at 7 p. m. But the true milestone for emotional maturity was one where its characters had nose rings and disliked school. To stay up past that point, you had to be old enough, and such elders governed those below like marines. I was the ninth of 11, so I still associate the credits of these soaps with the tuning of heads from eight elders, who scanned the room for those avoiding bedtime. It’s strange that what was once debatable now appears unquestionable. This, it seems, is the song of a bird that has come to love its cage. I just can’t help thinking my son needs a bedtime separate from a young child, not least one who takes 45 minutes to sleep in a fully darkened room. So, we make compromises. We put them down together in their respective beds at 7:15 pm. Story time is directed at my daughter, while my son is given two books. As slowly as we can, we steal away from the room, once there’s only soft breathing and light reading. Trembling, we tiptoe downstairs to become reacquainted with ourselves and, joy of joys, to watch a full hour of some show that has inevitably been canceled by the time you’re reading this. 4. What makes watching TV shows meaningless for the couple? A. The tiring workload of a full day of parenting duties. B. The argument between their two kids about bedtime. C. The unfortunate cancellation of their favourite shows. D. The brief time available after their caring for the kids. 5. What can we learn about the bedtimes in the author’s childhood? A. They symbolized the differing levels of growth. B. They reflected the power play among all siblings. C. They showed the parents’ preference for older kids. D. They marked the Importance of order in the family. 6. Why does the author mention “the song of a bird” in paragraph 4? A. To highlight his former resistance to bedtime rules. B. To show his conflicted attitude to old bedtime rules. C. To emphasize the contrast between songs and cages. D. To compare childhood rules with their compromises. 7. What is the author’s tone in the passage? A. Critical and casual. B. Reflective and playful C. Humorous and tolerant. D. Serious and sympathetic. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者夫妇在育儿后的生活状态，特别是关于孩子睡觉时间的安排和作者对此的思考与妥协。 4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“At the end of a day’s parenting, there’s often so little time left that even 35 minutes of our favourite TV show feels pointless. (一天的育儿工作结束后，留给我们的时间往往很少，甚至35分钟我们最喜欢的电视节目都觉得毫无意义。)”可知，照顾孩子后的短暂时间让看电视对这对夫妇来说毫无意义。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“With 10 siblings, different bedtimes were strictly enforced as a tiny symbolic separation. Bedtimes came in rigid deadlines, informally attached to the popular soap operas. The youngest reported themselves abed once Neighbours finished. Over-12s had to retire once Home and Away ended at 7 p. m. But the true milestone for emotional maturity was one where its characters had nose rings and disliked school. (有10个兄弟姐妹，不同的就寝时间被严格强制执行，作为一种微小的象征性分离。睡觉时间有严格的截止日期，非正式地与流行的肥皂剧联系在一起。“邻居们”一讲完，最小的几个孩子就说自己上床睡觉了。12岁以上的孩子必须在《主客场》晚上7点结束后退休。但情感成熟的真正里程碑是，剧中人物戴着鼻环，不喜欢上学。)”可知，作者童年的就寝时间象征着不同的成长水平。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s strange that what was once debatable now appears unquestionable. This, it seems, is the song of a bird that has come to love its cage. (奇怪是，曾经有争议的事情现在似乎毫无疑问了。这似乎是一只爱上笼子的鸟儿的歌声。)”可知，作者在第4段提到“鸟之歌”是为了表明他对旧的就寝规则的矛盾态度。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Bedtime is the real time-suck. Since our kids now share a room, our project has been putting them down at the same time. But this is tough. At six, our son insists on staying up later than a two-year-old. The problem is, I agree with him. (就寝时间真的很浪费。由于我们的孩子们现在共用一个房间，我们的项目一直在同时让他们失望。但这很难。六岁的儿子坚持要比两岁的孩子晚睡。问题是，我同意他的观点。)”可知，作者夫妇努力让孩子在同一时间睡觉但很困难，作者甚至赞同儿子晚点睡觉，表现出一种反思的语气；最后一段“Trembling, we tiptoe downstairs to become reacquainted with ourselves and, joy of joys, to watch a full hour of some show that has inevitably been canceled by the time you’re reading this. (我们颤抖着，蹑手蹑脚地走下楼梯，重新认识自己，并在快乐的喜悦中，看了整整一个小时的节目，在你读到这篇文章的时候，这些节目不可避免地被取消了。)”可知，作者夫妇做出的妥协，并在孩子睡着后悄悄地去看电视节目，这部分的语气则较为轻松和诙谐，故作者在这篇文章中的语气是反思和俏皮的。故选B。 C Since the first astronauts spent time in space, scientists have known that space travel affects the human body in strange ways. Muscle and bone mass decrease and the risk of conditions usually associated with old age, such as cancers and cataracts (白内障), ticks up. Why the human body should decline faster in space is still largely a mystery, but one that researchers are dealing with increasing urgency as civilian space travel becomes more feasible. In a recent study that involved sending muscle samples to the International Space Station, some 250 miles above Earth, researchers from Stanford Medicine found that the lack of gravity in space impairs the normal regenerative ability of muscle. The samples were grown from muscle cells donated by healthy volunteers to resemble the bundled structure of muscle fibres. They spent seven days growing in space, then frozen until their return to Earth. The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia (肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades. Both indicated a shift toward more fatty acid metabolism (脂肪酸代谢) and a greater tendency toward cell death. The impaired regeneration could contribute to why astronauts’ muscles weaken even with regular exercise. “Microgravity is almost like an accelerated disease-forming platform and environment,” said Ngan Huang, PhD, senior author of the study published recently in Stem Cell Reports. “It’s important to understand how microgravity is affecting different tissues in the body, with muscle being one of the most essential ones because of how much of it we have in our bodies.” Huang’s team also tested drugs that partially prevented these impairments in the muscle samples, which could benefit space travellers and Earth-bound seniors — perhaps even senior space travellers alike. Ultimately, Huang, who is also a principal investigator at the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System hopes to find ways to enhance muscle regeneration to heal severe muscle injuries, like those many Soldiers injured during wars. 8. Which of the following best describes the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A. Difficult to complete. B. Lawful to conduct. C. Expensive to attempt. D. Possible to achieve. 9. What can we learn about the muscle samples in the recent study? A. They developed sarcopenia after a week in space. B. They were collected directly from volunteers’ muscles. C. They may fail to function properly after returning from space. D. They were frozen due to the freezing temperatures in microgravity. 10. Why is microgravity described as an “accelerated disease-forming platform”? A. It stops muscle from recovering after injury. B. It reproduces long-term conditions in a shorter time. C. It affects astronauts with pre-existing conditions only. D. It speeds up cancer and cataracts development in astronauts. 11. What is Huang likely to focus on in future research? A. Proving space travel advances aging in astronauts. B. Investigating microgravity’s impact on muscle structure. C. Creating ways to boost muscle regeneration in critical injuries. D. Designing exercises to prevent muscle loss during space travel. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家发现太空的微重力环境会损害肌肉的正常再生能力，而这种症状和老年人的肌肉所患症状有相似性。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“researchers are dealing with increasing urgency as civilian space travel becomes more feasible(随着民用太空旅行变得更加feasible，研究人员正在处理越来越紧迫的问题)”并结合常识可知，民用太空旅行变得越来越可行，所以研究人员才处理与太空旅行有关的紧迫问题，feasible意为“可行的”，与D项“可能实现的”意思一致。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia(肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades.(研究人员发现，在微重力环境（国际空间站上的重力约为地球重力的0.1%）下一周的肌肉与患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间存在显著相似之处，肌肉减少症是一种数十年来发展的肌肉萎缩症状)”可知，在微重力环境下一周的肌肉和患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间有明显的相似之处，由此可推测出，肌肉样品从太空回来之后可能无法像正常肌肉一样运转。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia(肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades.(研究人员发现，在微重力环境（国际空间站上的重力约为地球重力的0.1%）下度过一周的肌肉与患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间存在显著相似之处，肌肉减少症是一种数十年来发展的肌肉萎缩症状)”可知，在微重力环境下一周的肌肉与老年人在数十年里萎缩的肌肉之间有明显相似之处，由此可推测出，微重力能够在较短时间里让慢性病产生，所以被称为加速疾病形成的平台。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, Huang, who is also a principal investigator at the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System hopes to find ways to enhance muscle regeneration to heal severe muscle injuries, like those many Soldiers injured during wars.(最终，黄也是帕洛阿托退伍军人事务医疗保健系统的首席研究员，她希望找到促进肌肉再生的方法来治疗严重的肌肉损伤，例如许多在战争中受伤的士兵)”可推知，黄在未来可能专注于寻找方法来促进严重受损的肌肉再生。故选C。 D In a stimulating interview with the philosopher Daniel Dennett in Living on Earth, Dannet shared that Charles Darwin and Alan Turing might make the same discovery. Darwin showed how you can get the appearance of purpose and design out of blind processes of natural selection. And Turing said that any computable problem can be computed by a machine without understanding. The host then voiced a concern: as Al advances, machines will come to lord over us. Dennett acknowledges there’s a takeover risk but claims it’s misunderstood. The risk is not that machines will become autonomous rulers but that we will depend too much on machines. The main issue with AI is not intelligence but autonomy. At the end of the day, even the smartest computers are our tools, and their intentions are ours. Or, to the extent that we can speak of their intentions at all. The intention of a self-driving car to avoid an obstacle, for example, is what it’s designed for. Our growing dependence on technologies doesn’t mean we are losing our natural autonomy in quite this sense. Our needs remain. But it is a loss of autonomy. Even auto mechanics these days rely on computers and, in the era of self-driving cars, will any of us still know how to drive? Think what would happen if we lost electricity? We’d be thrown back into the 19th century, as Dennett says. But things would be worse as we lack know-how that made it possible for our ancestors to live well in the olden days. The truth is, we’ve been technological since our dawn as a species. We first found ourselves in the archaeological record where we saw a great exposition of tools, technologies, art-making and language. In a sense, being human means being like a cyborg, which is a technological extension of our natural selves. This suggests that at any time in our development, a large-scale breakdown in the technological system would spell not exactly our doom, but our complete reorganization. Perhaps what makes our current dilemma unprecedented (史无前例的) is the fact that we are so closely networked. When the library of Alexandria burned down, books and knowledge were lost. But in a world where libraries are replaced by their online versions, it isn’t unimaginable that every library could be sinply deleted. What happens to us then? 12 Which of the following statements might Dennet most likely agree with? A. AI might be overly relied on. B. AI doesn’t have comprehension. C. AI’s development is bounded. D. AI’s evolution resembles natural selection. 13. Which of the following examples best matches the idea of “know-how” in paragraph 4? A. A scholar studies the theory of natural selection. B. A nobleman hires servants to do all the housework. C. A farmer builds a table by hand using traditional tools. D. A worker operates a machine following preset instructions. 14. Why did the author mention libraries in paragraph 6? A. To show the technological stability. B. To prove the technological safeguard. C. To emphasize the technological weakness. D. To illustrate the technological transformation. 15. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Is the Concern Artificial Intelligence or Autonomy? B. How will Technology Breakdown Change Our Lives? C. Will Artificial Autonomy Threaten Humanity’s Existence? D. How does the Human-Technology Relationship Develop? 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了AI和人类自主性的关系、人类对技术的依赖、人类的技术本质以及当前网络化社会面临的特殊困境。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Dennett acknowledges there’s a takeover risk but claims it’s misunderstood. The risk is not that machines will become autonomous rulers but that we will depend too much on machines.(Dennett承认存在被取代的风险，但他认为这种风险被误解了。风险不在于机器会成为自主统治者，而在于我们会过度依赖机器。)”可知，Dennet最有可能同意的说法是人工智能可能会被过度依赖。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Think what would happen if we lost electricity? We’d be thrown back into the 19th century, as Dennett says. But things would be worse as we lack know-how that made it possible for our ancestors to live well in the olden days.(想想如果我们断电会发生什么？正如丹尼特所说，我们会被抛回19世纪。但事情会变得更糟，因为我们缺乏使我们的祖先在过去的日子里生活得很好的技术。)”可知，“know-how”的技术是使我们的祖先在过去的日子里生活得很好的技术，符合“know-how”的概念的是一位农民用传统工具手工制作一张桌子。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Perhaps what makes our current dilemma unprecedented (史无前例的) is the fact that we are so closely networked.(也许我们目前的困境之所以前所未有，是因为我们是如此紧密地联系在一起。)”和“But in a world where libraries are replaced by their online versions, it isn’t unimaginable that every library could be sinply deleted.(但在一个图书馆被其在线版本所取代的世界里，想象一下，所有的图书馆都可能被轻易删除，这并不是不可想象的。)”可知，作者在第6段提到图书馆是为了强调技术上的弱点。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“The host then voiced a concern: as Al advances, machines will come to lord over us.(主持人随后表达了担忧：随着人工智能的发展，机器将主宰我们。)”和第三段“The main issue with AI is not intelligence but autonomy.(人工智能的主要问题不是智能，而是自主性。)”可知，本文主要探讨了AI和人类自主性的关系、人类对技术的依赖、人类的技术本质以及当前网络化社会面临的特殊困境，因此最好的题目是A选项“Is the Concern Artificial Intelligence or Autonomy?(人们担忧的是人工智能还是自主性？)”。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑， 选项中有两项为多余选项。 On July 4, 1972, a pair of young newlyweds named Tony and Maureen were on the driveway of a family home in the south of England. _____16_____. Or somewhere. They had a trunk full of food, cooking equipment and some sleeping bags. They believed that their journey across Asia would be nothing more than a little adventure before they settled down to a steady, middle-class life in England. And it turned out to be just the kind of adventure the couple longed for. They got caught in a snowstorm in the Italian Alps; bumped into a motorcycle in Iran; then sold their car. From there, it was a bus to Pakistan, then on to India. The couple hitchhiked south across Thailand and on through Malaysia and Singapore. _____17_____. Tony and Maureen each lost more than ten pounds in the five and a half months it took them to get from England to Australia. _____18_____. And by the time they made it to Sydney they had precisely twenty-seven cents left to sustain them. _____19_____. The bookshops they could have visited back in England in 1972 would have had precious little to offer in the way of practical advice for their route. But that’s not to say that Tony and Maureen had nothing to guide them. As they would discover soon, their single best source of information was the other travelers they’d encounter on the road. _____20_____. And these notes would ate prove to be a very valuable resource for the book Across Asia on the Cheap, beginning of their Lonely Planet guidebooks — the gospel (真理) of adventure travel for tens of millions of readers. A. They would also exchange information. B. They once wanted to stop their journey. C. They’d covered over ten thousand miles. D. Tony took very careful notes of the information every day. E. They set out on the final leg of the trip-Western Australia. F. What did the young couple have to guide them in all of this? G. They were driving a used minivan and their goal was to get to India. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1972年7月4日，一对名叫托尼和莫林的年轻新婚夫妇从英国到澳大利亚旅行的事迹。 【16题详解】 根据上文“On July 4, 1972, a pair of young newlyweds named Tony and Maureen were on the driveway of a family home in the south of England.(1972年7月4日，一对名叫托尼和莫林的年轻新婚夫妇走在英格兰南部一户人家的车道上)”以及后文“Or somewhere. They had a trunk full of food, cooking equipment and some sleeping bags. They believed that their journey across Asia would be nothing more than a little adventure before they settled down to a steady, middle-class life in England.(或者某个地方。他们有一个装满食物、烹饪设备和一些睡袋的箱子。他们认为，在他们在英国安定下来，过上稳定的中产阶级生活之前，他们的亚洲之旅只不过是一次小小的冒险)”可知，后文提到了某个地方，且他们有一些旅途用品，推测这对夫妇要外出旅行，本句是在说明他们的目的地。故G选项“他们开着一辆二手小货车，他们的目标是去印度”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“And it turned out to be just the kind of adventure the couple longed for. They got caught in a snowstorm in the Italian Alps;bumped into a motorcycle in Iran;then sold their car. From there, it was a bus to Pakistan, then on to India. The couple hitchhiked south across Thailand and on through Malaysia and Singapore.(事实证明，这正是这对夫妇所渴望的冒险。他们在意大利阿尔卑斯山遭遇了暴风雪；在伊朗撞上了一辆摩托车；然后卖掉了他们的车。从那里，这是一辆开往巴基斯坦的巴士，然后又开往印度。这对夫妇搭便车南下泰国，然后经过马来西亚和新加坡)”以及下一段“Tony and Maureen each lost more than ten pounds in the five and a half months it took them to get from England to Australia.(在从英国到澳大利亚的五个半月里，托尼和莫林每人都瘦了十多磅)”可知，本句是在讲他们最后到达的地方是在澳大利亚。故E选项“他们出发去旅行的最后一站——西澳大利亚”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Tony and Maureen each lost more than ten pounds in the five and a half months it took them to get from England to Australia.(在从英国到澳大利亚的五个半月里，托尼和莫林每人都瘦了十多磅)”以及后文“And by the time they made it to Sydney they had precisely twenty-seven cents left to sustain them.(当他们到达悉尼时，他们只剩下27美分来维持生活)”可知，上文说明了旅行持续的时间，推测本句会解释旅行的距离。故C选项“他们已经走了一万多英里了”符合语境，故选C。 【19题详解】 根据后文“The bookshops they could have visited back in England in 1972 would have had precious little to offer in the way of practical advice for their route.(如果回到1972年的英国，他们本可以去的书店对他们的路线几乎没有什么实用的建议)”可知，后文提到了1972年的书店对路线没有实用的建议，推测本句针对他们获得的旅行指导或建议进行设问。故F选项“这对年轻夫妇在这一切中有什么指导？”符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 根据后文“And these notes would ate prove to be a very valuable resource for the book Across Asia on the Cheap, beginning of their Lonely Planet guidebooks — the gospel (真理) of adventure travel for tens of millions of readers.(这些笔记后来被证明是《廉价穿越亚洲》这本书的宝贵资料，这本书是《孤独星球》旅行指南的开端，对数千万读者来说，这本书是冒险旅行的福音)”可知，后文提到了笔记成为资料，说明他们在旅途中进行了记录。故D选项“托尼每天都非常仔细地记录信息”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last year, my 9-year-old son Leopold and I went on a ski trip to Keystone, Colorado. We made (a)n _____21_____ : say yes to everything, especially new experiences. Leopold is a picky eater and can _____22_____ to try new things, so I wanted to _____23_____ him without turning to old-fashioned advice like “You’ll never know if you like it unless you try.” When we arrived in Keystone, we started by trying new foods and _____24_____. I tasted a vegan meatball, and Leopold _____25_____ hash browns — an American potato dish. Neither of us loved it, but we both _____26_____ it as “not bad.” The next day, Leopold faced his fear of _____27_____ to ride a chairlift for snowboarding. I also _____28_____ myself for a ski on an advanced slope. Later, we even _____29_____ the coldness by trying an outdoor hot tub. It was freezing, but the experience was _____30_____. We continued saying yes on our spring break trip to St. Augustine, Florida, whose moonlit ghost tour gave us a thrill of pleasure and _____31_____. Then in Yellowstone, we went line dancing at a country-western bar, swinging our waists _____32_____. Our family _____33_____ continued through the whole summer, _____34_____ memories we’ll never forget. The whole experience _____35_____ a reminder: to step out of comfort zone and live life to the fullest. 21. A. agreement B. appointment C. difference D. effort 22. A. manage B. resolve C. expect D. hesitate 23. A. remind B. encourage C. promise D. force 24. A. approaches B. tricks C. games D. activities 25. A. sampled B. prepared C. served D. processed 26. A. explained B. pictured C. rated D. celebrated 27. A. ambition B. judgment C. height D. commitment 28. A. treated B. challenged C. justified D. prepared 29. A. survived B. braved C. skipped D. pursued 30. A. refreshing B. familiar C. reliable D. admirable 31. A. anticipation B. excitement C. gratitude D. curiosity 32. A. wildly B. gently C. peacefully D. skillfully 33. A. history B. tradition C. entertainment D. adventure 34. A. preserving B. recalling C. creating D. regaining 35. A. called for B. accounted for C. passed down to D. came down to 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过作者的自身经历，讲述了走出舒适圈，对更多的挑战说YES。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们达成了一个协议：对一切都说“是”，尤其是新的体验。A. agreement协议；B. appointment约会；C. difference差异；D. effort努力。根据后文“say yes to everything, especially new experiences.”可知，“对一切都说“是”，尤其是新的体验”是他们达成的协议。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：利奥波德是一个挑食的人，在尝试新事物的时候会犹豫，所以我想鼓励他，而不是求助于过时的建议，比如“除非你尝试，否则你永远不会知道你是否喜欢它。”A. manage设法；B. resolve决定；C. expect期待；D. hesitate犹豫。根据上文“Leopold is a picky eater and can”可知，儿子挑剔，对尝试新事物犹豫。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：利奥波德是一个挑食的人，在尝试新事物的时候会犹豫，所以我想鼓励他，而不是求助于过时的建议，比如“除非你尝试，否则你永远不会知道你是否喜欢它。”A. remind提醒；B. encourage鼓励；C. promise承诺；D. force迫使。根据后文“without turning to old-fashioned advice like “You’ll never know if you like it unless you try.”作者想鼓励挑剔的儿子尝试新事物，所以才达成了这个协议。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达Keystone时，我们开始尝试新的食物和活动。A. approaches方法；B. tricks技巧；C. games游戏；D. activities活动。根据后文“to ride a chairlift for snowboarding”可知，他们尝试了新的食物和活动。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝了一份素食肉丸，利奥波德尝了一份土豆饼——一种美式土豆。A. sampled品尝；B. prepared准备；C. served服务；D. processed加工。根据后文“hash browns — an American potato dish”可知，儿子品尝了新食物。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都不喜欢它，但我们都认为它“不错”。A. explained解释；B. pictured想象；C. rated认为；D. celebrated庆祝。根据后文“it as “not bad.””可知，这里指认为食物“不错”。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，利奥波德克服了恐高的心理，坐上了升降椅，开始了单板滑雪。A. ambition抱负；B. judgment判断；C. height高度；D. commitment承诺。根据后文“to ride a chairlift”可知，儿子克服了恐高的心理，坐上了升降椅，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还挑战了自己在高坡上滑雪的能力。A. treated对待；B. challenged挑战；C. justified辩解；D. prepared准备。根据后文“myself for a ski on an advanced slope”可知，这里指作者挑战自我，在高坡上滑雪。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我们甚至冒着寒冷尝试了户外热水浴缸。A. survived生存；B. braved勇敢面对；C. skipped跳跃；D. pursued追求。根据后文“the coldness by trying an outdoor hot tub”可知，他们冒着寒冷尝试了户外热水浴缸，brave表示“勇敢面对”符合语境。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天气很冷，但这种经历让人耳目一新。A. refreshing令人耳目一新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. reliable可靠的；D. admirable令人钦佩的。结合上文“Later, we even  9  the coldness by trying an outdoor hot tub.”他们冒着寒冷尝试了户外热水浴缸，所以是令人耳目一新的经历。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在春假去佛罗里达圣奥古斯丁的旅行中，我们继续说愿意，那里月光下的幽灵之旅给了我们愉悦和兴奋的快感。A. anticipation预期；B. excitement激动；C. gratitude感激；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“gave us a thrill of pleasure and”可知，新的旅行给了他们愉悦和兴奋的快感。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后在黄石公园，我们去了一家西部乡村酒吧跳排舞，疯狂地扭动着腰。A. wildly野生地；B. gently温和地；C. peacefully和平地；D. skillfully熟练地。根据上文“we went line dancing at a country-western bar, swinging our waists”可知，他们去了一家西部乡村酒吧跳排舞，疯狂地扭动着腰。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的家庭冒险持续了整个夏天，创造了我们永远不会忘记的回忆。A. history历史；B. tradition传统；C. entertainment娱乐；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“to ride a chairlift for snowboarding”、“for a ski on an advanced slope”、“the coldness by trying an outdoor hot tub”可知，他们尝试了许多新的冒险，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们家庭冒险持续了整个夏天，创造了我们永远不会忘记的回忆。A. preserving保存；B. recalling回想起；C. creating创造；D. regaining恢复。根据后文“memories we’ll never forget”可知，这里指他们创造了难忘的回忆。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：整个经历都在提醒我们：走出舒适区，尽情享受生活。A. called for呼叫；B. accounted for解释；C. passed down to传承；D. came down to归结为。根据后文“a reminder: to step out of comfort zone and live life to the fullest”可知，这里指经历最后归结于一个提醒：走出舒适区，尽情享受生活。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 语法填空 Peru is an underrated culinary powerhouse. Its long coastline, vast Andes mountains, and tropical rain forests have given rise to its rich food and culinary culture. Beyond local flavors, Peruvian cuisine also blends influences from Asia, Africa, and Europe. And the fusion of cooking styles has created _____36_____ (incredible) delicious results. A must-try dish from _____37_____ world-renowned melting pot is lomo saltado — marinated (腌制的) strips of steak stir-fry with soy sauce, chopped red onions, tomatoes, crispy French fries and the unmissable ají amarillo chili pepper (黄辣椒), _____38_____ (serve) with rice on the side. Very flavorful, yet not spicy, lomo saltado never fails to impress _____39_____ (dine) in Peru and beyond. Lomo saltado is almost like a metaphor for modern-day culture: key ingredients from different corners of the world _____40_____ combine to create something new and characteristic — ají amarillo and potato from Peru, beef from Spain. Spaniards are also believed _____41_____ (introduce) rice to Peru in the early years of the colony. The last key player in the recipe: China. Thousands of Cantonese _____42_____ (immigrate) to Peru in the mid-nineteenth century, introducing the wok, soy sauce and the concept of stir-frying. We can guess that _____43_____ some point in the early twentieth century, a bold cook used his or her creativity to take the above foods and stir fry _____44_____ in a wok. Voila, a culinary superstar was born. And it is _____45_____ a culinary journey to South America should start with. 【答案】36. incredibly 37. the 38. served 39. diners 40. that##which 41. to have introduced 42. immigrated 43. at 44. them 45. what 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是秘鲁的美食文化，特别是其代表菜Lomo Saltado的起源、特色及文化寓意。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：各种烹饪风格的融合创造了令人难以置信的美味。空格处用副词incredibly作状语修饰形容词delicious，incredibly意为“难以置信地”。故填incredibly。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：来自世界著名大熔炉的一道必尝的佳肴便是lomo saltado——这是用酱油腌制的牛排条，配以切碎的红洋葱、番茄、香脆的薯条以及不可或缺的黄灯笼椒，一同快炒而成，旁边还配有米饭。特指秘鲁这个世界著名的大熔炉，用定冠词the，故填the。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：来自世界著名大熔炉的一道必尝的佳肴便是lomo saltado——这是用酱油腌制的牛排条，配以切碎的红洋葱、番茄、香脆的薯条以及不可或缺的黄灯笼椒，一同快炒而成，旁边还配有米饭。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，lomo saltado和serve之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填served。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：lomo saltado风味浓郁却不辣，总能给秘鲁及世界各地的食客留下深刻印象。空格处用名词作宾语，句子表示“lomo saltado风味浓郁却不辣，总能给秘鲁及世界各地的食客留下深刻印象”，空格处意为“食客”，是diner，不止一个，要用复数，故填diners。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Lomo saltado几乎是现代文化的一个隐喻：它汇集了来自世界各地的关键食材，创造出一种新颖而独特的美味——有秘鲁的黄辣椒和土豆，还有西班牙的牛肉。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，先行词key ingredients指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，空格处用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。 【41题详解】 考查不定式的完成式。句意：西班牙人也被认为在秘鲁殖民地的早期将大米引入了秘鲁。sb. be believed to do sth.是固定短语，意为“某人被认为做某事”，西班牙人已经将大米引入了秘鲁，动作“引入”先于“认为”发生，因此空格处用不定式的完成式to have done，故填to have introduced。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：19世纪中叶，成千上万的广东人移民到秘鲁，带来了炒锅、酱油和炒菜的概念。由in the mid-nineteenth century可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填immigrated。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们可以猜测，在20世纪初的某个时候，一位大胆的厨师发挥了他或她的创造力，把上面的食物放在锅里翻炒。at some point是固定短语，意为“在某个时间点”，因此空格处用at，故填at。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：我们可以猜测，在20世纪初的某个时候，一位大胆的厨师发挥了他或她的创造力，把上面的食物放在锅里翻炒。空格处用them指代前面的foods，故填them。 【45题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这是南美美食之旅的开始。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“这是南美美食之旅的开始”，因此用连接代词what引导表语从句，故填what。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jasper对你在“Guangzhou International Marathon”活动中担任志愿者的经历很感兴趣，希望了解更多。请你写一封邮件回复，内容包括： 1. 描述主要职责； 2. 分享活动收获。 注 意 ： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jasper, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jasper, I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in my experience as a volunteer at the Guangzhou International Marathon. My main responsibility was to assist runners by providing water and guidance at various checkpoints. It was a fulfilling experience that allowed me to meet many enthusiastic participants and learn about the importance of teamwork and dedication. I also gained valuable insights into event management and the spirit of sportsmanship. I improved my spoken English and made friends from various countries. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jasper回复一封邮件，讲述在“Guangzhou International Marathon”活动中担任志愿者的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in→have an interest in 各种各样的：various→a variety of 重要性：importance→significance 宝贵的：valuable→precious 2.句式拓展 陈述句变倒装句 原句：I improved my spoken English and made friends from various countries. 拓展句：Not only did I improve my spoken English but also made friends from various countries. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in my experience as a volunteer at the Guangzhou International Marathon.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】It was a fulfilling experience that allowed me to meet many enthusiastic participants and learn about the importance of teamwork and dedication.（运用了关系代词that引导的定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Growing up, the first day of school was always exciting — new clothes, supplies, and classes. But at twenty-three, the first day of school had me in a panic. I was the new teacher. I had just celebrated my birthday, the new year, and my divorce. Unloved and unneeded, the rejection of a failed marriage still hurt. I had graduated in December, and a school more than sixty miles from my apartment had hired me to teach a class of twenty-two fifth graders. As the principal Mrs. Bright walked me to my classroom, I asked, “What happened to the last teacher?” She answered, “She left just a week after the school year started. There have been thirteen replacement teachers since then. You are the fourteenth one, Sylvia.” As I entered the classroom, I said with a sweet smile, “I’m your teacher for the rest of the year.” The kids were excited to meet me, but they quickly became restless. Some sat wherever they wanted, while others talked or passed notes. One girl called Tracy crawled under her desk, and a boy named Kyle began crying for no reason. The rest of the day was chaotic-fights broke out, and some kids refused to talk to me. As the final bell rang, I collapsed into my chair, exhausted. Later, during my conference period, Mrs. Bright told me, “Tracy can’t read and doesn’t pay attention. Just leave her alone, and make up a grade.” I was shocked. “What about Kyle?” I asked. “He’ll be fine. He is just lonely. His mom is a single mother working around the clock.” Through our exchange I came to understand that most of these kids had been kicked out of other schools. No one came to their rescue. They were the ones no one else wanted. These kids, like me, were used to rejection. The pain of my own divorce made me realize how much they deserved better. 注意 ： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I decided to do something for these rejected kids. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Gradually, the students realized that I cared for them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Para 1: I decided to do something for these rejected kids. I started by learning about each one. For Tracy, I found books that matched her interests, hoping to spark her curiosity. For Kyle, I spoke to him softly after class, offered him a listening ear, and showed him that he mattered. Abandoned too many times already, these children deserved better. “I won’t give up on you. You all matter.” I told them, trying to make everyone in the class feel loved and needed. Slowly, I built routines, clarified my expectations, and became firm in my stance: chaos would not be tolerated, but support would always be given. Instead of a dull space to learn, my classroom could become a place that provided them with safety and a sense of belonging. Para 2: Gradually, the students realized that I cared for them. With distrust giving way to trust, they began to open up to me, and with that trust came small yet meaningful changes. Tracy began to show a growing interest in class and Kyle’s tears became less frequent. Fights lessened and the flying notes were now replaced by questions about schoolwork. They weren’t just learning academically but emotionally, understanding how to become part of a community. A wave of relief washed over me as I knew I had made a difference — not just for them, but for myself as well. With the pain of my own failed marriage slowly healing, I felt no longer rejected and I was also needed. We came to each other’s rescue. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一名教师，接手了一个调皮的班级。作者了解到这些孩子大多是被其他学校开除，没有人来救他们。他们是没人想要的人。于是作者决定为这些孩子做点事情，开始了解这些孩子，倾听他们，孩子们也慢慢被改变了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我决定为这些被拒绝的孩子做点什么”可知，第一段可描写作者开始致力于了解孩子，倾听孩子，为他们提供安全和归属感。 ②由第二段首句内容“渐渐地，学生们意识到我关心他们”可知，第二段可描写学生对作者态度的变化以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：决定付出行动——开始了解孩子——倾听孩子——鼓励孩子——孩子信任作者——班级改变——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①引起：spark/arouse ②尝试：try/attempt ③减少：lessen/decrease 情绪类 ①有意义的：meaningful/significant ②安慰：relief/comfort 【点睛】[高分句型1] For Kyle, I spoke to him softly after class, offered him a listening ear, and showed him that he mattered. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Instead of a dull space to learn, my classroom could become a place that provided them with safety and a sense of belonging. (运用了that引导定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$