2025年中考英语二轮语法复习课件：动词

动词 考点1 动词的基本形式 考点2 动词的分类 【拓展】情态动词的用法 考点3 动词的词性转换 考点4 动词的时态和语态 一、动词的时态 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 现在进行时 5. 过去进行时 6. 现在完成时 【拓展】 在肯定句中，非延续性动词或短语不能与表示一段时间的时间状 语连用，当它需要与表示一段时间的状语连用时，要转化为延续 性动词或短语。例如： buy ―→have　　 borrow ―→kee fall ill ―→be ill finish ―→be over die ―→be dead open ―→be open leave ―→be away begin/start ―→be on fall asleep ―→be asleep close ―→be closed join ―→be in/be a member of marry/get married ―→be married arrive in/arrive at/reach/get to ―→be in 这个商店已经营业6个小时了。 (×) The shop has opened for 6 hours. 　　 (√) The shop has been open for 6 hours. 二、动词的语态 【拓展】 主动句中感官动词和使役动词后跟省略to的不定式，变被动语态时应加上不定式符号to，常见结构如下 感官动词 hear sb. do sth. sb. be heard to do sth. notice sb. do sth. sb. be noticed to do sth. see sb. do sth. sb. be seen to do sth. watch sb. do sth. sb. be watched to do sth. 使役动词 make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth. 考点5 非谓语动词 1. 动词不定式 《义务教育课程方案和课程标准 (2022年版) 》要求只掌握不定式作宾语、状语和宾语补足语的用法。 【拓展】 2. 动名词 (v. ­ing) 《义务教育课程方案和课程标准 (2022年版) 》对动名词没做要求，这部分内容学生只掌握下面的知识点即可。 (1) 常接动名词作宾语的动词和短语 动词：avoid，consider，enjoy，finish，keep，mind，miss (错过) ，mean (意味着) ，practice，suggest，stand (忍受) 短语：①be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事　　　　　　　 ②be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 ③be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ④can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 ⑤feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 ⑥give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 ⑦have fun (in) doing sth. 很开心做某事 ⑧hold on to doing sth. 坚持做某事 ⑨keep on doing sth. 持续做某事 ⑩look forward to doing sth. 期盼做某事 ⑪pay attention to doing sth. 注意/专注做某事 ⑫put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 ⑬prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做某事胜过做某事 ⑭stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事 ⑮spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事 ⑯have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 一、单项选择 1. Shanghai Disneyland provides a magical and unforgettable experience for visitors of all ages and it ____ for eight years. A. has been open B. has been opened C. has been close D. has closed 2. —____ English books every morning? —Yes，but now I ____ a Chinese book. A. Are you reading; read B. Do you read; read C. Do you read; am reading 3. The boy ____ the train and railway set since he was five. A. has bought B. has owned C. bought D. had 4. —Jenny，would you like to see the movie with me? —It’s an interesting film，but I ____ it. A. will see B. have seen C. see D. saw 5. —____ your father ever ____ to Tibet? —Yes. He ____ there last year. A. Has; been; went B. Has; been; has been C. Did; went; has gone 6. —The Greens have ____ Zhangjiajie on vacation. —Oh，really？I have never ____ there. A. been to; gone to B. gone to; been C. gone to; been to D. been to; gone 7. She usually ____ to music in the evening，but now she ____ TV. A. listens; watches B. is listening; watches C. listens; is watching D. is listening; is watching 8. [2024·扬州]Since I was born，my family ____ in the same flat. A. live B. will live C. are living D. have lived 9. [2024·无锡]Hey，John！What’s up？I ____ a shower when you called. A. had taken B. have taken C. was taking D. am taking 10. [2024·连云港]As a Chinese traditional martial art (武术) ，Taijiquan ____ to more than 150 countries all over the world so far. A. spreads B. is spreading C. will spread D. has spread 11. [2024·白银]Tom ____ the dog at the moment. A. is walking B. walks C. has walked D. walked 12. [2024·绥化]The tea ____ in China ____ to many different countries and places each year. A. is made; sent B. made; sent C. made; is sent D. make; sent 13. [2024·连云港]Robot dogs ____ as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games. A. use B. used C. are used D. were used 14. [2024·临夏]Many trees ____ every year to protect the environment. A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. have planted 15. [2024·河北]Emma got excited when her writing ____ as a model in class. A. reads B. read C. is read D. was read 16. [2024·江西]Ted preferred pop music when he ____ about his favorite music in the interview. A. was asked B. asked C. is asked D. asks 17. [2024·泸州]—Tom，the high­speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ____ this year hopefully. —Amazing！I’m looking forward to it! A. completes B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed 18. [2024·云南]Chinese ____ by more and more people in the world these days. A. speak B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken 19. [2024·福建]The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they____. A. will be taken B. are taking C. were taken 20. [2024·成都]Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi ____ for her sixty years’ work to protect the Dunhuang Mogao Caves. A. was honored B. is honored C. has honored D. was honoring 二、词汇运用 1. [2024·临夏]Paper ____________ (invent) in China during the Han Dynasty. 2. [2024·白银]No matter how many difficulties we have，I believe all problems can ________ (solve) in the end. 3. [2024·扬州]If salt ________ (spread) onto the ice，the freezing temperature will be lower than 0 ℃. was invented be solved is spread 4. [2024·包头]—How can I become a successful person? —Well，you should remember that success is never ________ (achieve) by luck. 5. [2024·德阳]I won’t go to Lucy’s birthday party next Sunday unless I __________ (invite) . 6. [2024·自贡]You’d better study for the test，or you may ___ (fail) in it. achieved am invited fail 7. [2024·内江]—Oh，my pen is broken. Could you please ____ (lend) your pen to me? —Of course. Here you are! 8. When we heard that Tom failed in the math exam，we _____ (be) all surprised. 9. The teacher told us that the gravity on Mars __ (be) only about three­eighths of that on Earth. 10. How many students _____ (be) there in your class last term? lend were is were 11. The man offered ______ (help) me to move the table. 12. Our school is far from our home. It takes us 2 hours _____ (get) there. 13. We shouted to our parents _____ (let) them know about the danger. 14. My friend Jeff enjoys _______ (read) in the park because the air is so clean there. 15. There is no need for us ________ (repair) those old chairs. to help to get to let reading to repair 16. Would you mind _______ (wait) here for a moment？I’ll be back soon. 17. New Year’s coming. Tom looks forward to ______ (have) a party with his family. 18. I’m thinking about _________ (prepare) for our winter holiday plans. 19. Teachers always expect their students ________ (follow) the school rules. waiting having preparing to follow 20. Vince refused _______(hang) out with Maria because he didn’t like going out. 21. I got up late this morning，so I went to work without ______ (have) breakfast. 22. Now，some children have difficulty ______________ (communicate) with their parents. 23. The children are having fun ________ (enjoy) games on the beach. to hang having communicating enjoying 24. _________ (watch) the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea itself. 25. I was trying ______ (pick) it up when it bit me again. Watching to pick (一) David started school at the age of six. He 1 (enjoy) his time at primary school. He made new friends and learned useful skills such as 2 (read) ，writing and listening. However，when David was eleven，his family moved to another part of the city，and he had to 3 (leave) his friends and attend a different middle school. It wasn’t easy for David 4 (study) in a new school with older and bigger children he didn’t know. After working hard for the first year，David’s schoolwork 5 (influence) by his loneliness as well. He became less interested in studying and did little homework. Luckily，his new class teacher，Mrs. Green， 6 (offer) much support after learning about the situation. Mrs. Green had a long talk with his parents on the phone and suggested 7 (visit) their son as often as possible. After that，David had more communication with his parents. Since then，he 8 (change) a lot and has never been absent from school. Now he has finished his high school and he 9 (look) forward to his university life. Thanks to his teacher’s help，he 10 (enter) the university in two months. He also learns that any problem can be solved if everyone can communicate and find ways for it bravely. 1. _______　　　　 2. _______ 3. _____ 4. _______ 5. _____________ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. ___________ 9. _________ 10. _________ enjoyed reading leave to study was influenced offered visiting has changed is looking will enter (二) Many people think skateboarding is very cool. However，few of them know how hard it is 1 (master) this sport. It was a hot summer and I 2 (send) to a skateboarding camp by my parents. On the first day，our teacher，Hagen，taught us how 3 (stand) on the skateboard. While this sounded easy，it turned out not to be the case. As a 4 (begin) to this sport，I could hardly keep my balance (平衡) on the skateboard. I fell to the ground again and again. I was so painful that I couldn’t help 5 (cry) . During the break，I sat alone in the corner，feeling disappointed. Just when I 6 (think) about giving up，an old saying came into my mind：“No pain，no gain. ” Pain would be unavoidable if I made up my mind to get success. If I chose to give up halfway，nothing could 7 (learn) from this camp experience. So I stood up bravely and 8 (continue) practicing keeping my balance on the skateboard. At last，I made it. All the students cheered for me，which made me very 9 (excite) . Skateboarding is cool indeed. The professional skills and the determination (决心) to practice hard 10 (need) if you want to master it. Without love for it，you will never succeed. 1. _________　　　　 2. ________ 3. _______ 4. ________ 5. ______ 6. ___________ 7. _______________ 8. _________ 9. ______ 10. __________ to master was sent to stand beginner crying was thinking be learned/learnt continued excited are needed 四、完形填空 As a reporter and editor (编辑) for the school newspaper The Daily Evergreen，and a columnist (专栏作家) for its Opinion page，I found 1 with a lot on my hands. On Mondays and Tuesdays，I mainly focus on (关注) stories，either making up stories or thinking about some 2 stories that need to be used in the future interviews. From Wednesdays to Fridays，I look up some writing materials， 3 interviews and write articles. I do many things for the school 4 while making sure that I don’t fall behind with my schoolwork. On Sundays，I take two online writing courses， 5 I’m often found sitting in front of my computer all day. I really enjoy writing，because I can 6 myself through writing. It allows me to show my feelings and ideas in a way of sharing with others. Writing can also serve as a way to reflect on my experiences and help me 7 understand myself. So besides writing for The Daily Evergreen，recently I also started to write my own diaries when I wasn’t busy working. I just wanted to write about what I saw and 8 in my free time. I’m also writing a book. By the end of last month，I had finished 100 pages in a notebook. I have 9 great joy in playing with different words and producing good articles even when I had the busiest day. And I’m pretty sure that even after I 10 ，writing is something I’m going to do in the rest of my life. 答案：1. A　2. B　3. C　4. C　5. C　6. B　7. A　8. A 9. C　10. A (2) 部分动词接动名词与不定式作宾语时意义区别较大 ①eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做）,remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做）))　　②eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做）,forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）)) ③eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(need doing sth.某事需要被做（被动含义）,need to do sth.需要去做某事（主动含义）)) ④eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(try doing sth.尝试做某事,try to do sth.尽力做某事)) ⑤eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(regret doing sth.后悔做了某事（已做）,regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事（未做）)) ⑥eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(mean to do sth. 打算/想要做某事,mean doing sth. 意味着做某事)) 1. A. myself　　　 B. yourself　 　 C. himself 2. A. sad B. new C. long 3. A. copy B. prevent C. hold 4. A. notebook B. article C. newspaper 5. A. until B. but C. so 6. A. influence B. express C. change 7. A. better B. worse C. less 8. A. thought B. ordered C. forgot 9. A. thrown B. missed C. found 10. A. graduate B. appear C. leave $$