第22讲 单项选择（讲义）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（全国通用）

第22讲 单项选择 目 录 考情透视·目标导航............................................................................................................................... 2 知识导图·思维引航............................................................................................................................... 3 考点突破·考法探究............................................................................................................................... 3 探究一 单项选择的考向............................................................................................................... 4 1.考单项选择各大词性的考法...................................................................................................... 4 2.考查句子理解与词义................................................................................................................. 5 3.考查交际用语的应用................................................................................................................. 5 4.用图示和标志考查语言的应用.................................................................................................. 6 探究二 单项选择的解题方法....................................................................................................... 6 1. 直接选定法............................................................................................................................... 6 2. 语法分析法............................................................................................................................... 8 3. 词义辨析法............................................................................................................................. 12 4. 固定搭配法............................................................................................................................. 16 5. 逐个排除法............................................................................................................................. 18 6. 关键词暗示法......................................................................................................................... 20 7.基本常识................................................................................................................................... 23 8.学会划关键词........................................................................................................................... 25 9.情景交际法............................................................................................................................... 26 题型 考查频次 命题预测 单项选择 · 10年10考 从近几年来全国各地的中考试卷分析可以看出，单项选择题的考点主要分布在：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词；时态、语态；词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。 在做单项选择题时，同学们除应具有较扎实的语言基础知识和善于思考外，掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。 目标导航： 1. 考查基本语法; 2. 考查同义词、近义词的辨析； 3. 考查各种词汇的惯用法和固定搭配； 4. 考查掌握和运用日常交际用语的能力。 ❤锦囊妙计 单项选择题的解题过程: 1. 阅读审题：首先要默读试题中的英语句子，了解空格在句中所处的位置，句子缺少什么成分，初步确定答案范围，与备选答案结合起来就会大致明白考查什么。　 2. 观察分析：这是一个快速而又严密的思维过程。要求将试题中所提供的条件和备选答案的情况结合起来去分析、推理、排除那些明显不符合试题的选项，甚至本身就有错的备选项目，再在剩余的备选项中比较分析。 3. 选择判断：在分析句子和备选答案的基础上，经过反复验证，选出一个使句子语法正确、语意通顺，符合逻辑的答案。 4. 复查验证：将所选答案放在句中空格处再默读全句。首先看是否顺口，再在语法、意思和逻辑关系上推敲一下。 探究一 单项选择的考向 1.考单项选择各大词性的考法 ①名词：考查词义辨析，抽象名词辨析，以及名词单复数 ②代词：考查不定代词的用法，反身代词的用法（形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词之后） ③形容词：考查比较级和最高级及用法（无标志词的，需要理解上下文的含义；形容词修饰名词；ed结尾的形容词修饰人，ing结尾的形容词修饰物等） ④副词：考查副词词义辨析及用法（副词修饰动词） ⑤冠词：不定冠词；定冠词；零冠词(一般两两结合，注意区分） ⑥连词：when/if，until，unless，although等等（一定要先翻译，在理解句意的基础上，再结合各个连词的意义及用法做题） ⑦介词：方位介词和介词的基本用法（with带有，具有，与..和...；for对于；about关于等等） ⑧动词：考查较多（三单，时态，主被动；动词词义辨析及情态动词） 动词短语辨析：一般考查，不同一动词+同一介词 非谓语动词（动词的固定用法 to do/V+ed/V+ing） ⑨三大句型 考点一:感叹句（重点区分what和how） 考点二：定语从句（who，that，which） 考点三：宾语从句时态，语序，引导词 ⑩情景语境：强调交际性和实用性，一般有问候类，感谢类，道歉类，建议类，重在理解上下文对话语境，并做出恰当选择 2.考查句子理解与词义 最近几年越来越多命题者开始淡化语法知识，趋向语言应用能力的考查，即考查学生在一定情景下正确使用语言知识的能力，这类题如果不看上下文，仅凭词义每个选项似乎都可以填入空白处，因此必须理解句子所提供的情景，如对话的时间、场合、人物的关系等，才能选择出准确的选项。 3.考查交际用语的应用 情景交际考查学生在具体语言环境中正确运用所学语言知识交流思想、表达观点的能力，可以用补全对话的形式考查，也可以用单项选择形式考查。做这种试题，一定要正确理解语境，判断说话人的身份、态度、所处场合等，遵从中西文化的差异和交际习惯，根据上下文句意的关系来确定选项。 4.用图示和标志考查语言的应用 这种单项选择题主要是考查学生对一些日常生活中经常看到的一些图示、标志的了解，从而考查英语语言知识的应用。学生不仅要看懂题目，更要看懂图示和标志。这些图示和标志大部分是常识性的，也有和其他学科相联系的图画或者一些外国文化、建筑标志等。这就需要学生在日常生活中多留心，多学习，多了解一些英语教科书以外的知识和常识。但是中考涉及到的这些图示等一般比较常见。 探究二 单项选择的解题方法 1. 直接选定法 直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中所提供的信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出答案的解题方法。 典例引领 1．My teacher gives me much ________ on improving English speaking skills. A．problem B．idea C．advice D．reply 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的老师给我了很多关于提高英语口语技能的建议。考查名词辨析。problem问题；idea主意；advice建议；reply回复。much修饰不可数名词，只有“advice”为不可数名词，并且符合句意，故选C。 2．—Do you know David is ______ cousin? —Yes, and I am a friend of ______. Nice to meet you. A．mine; him B．my; his C．mine; his D．my; him 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道大卫是我的堂弟吗？——是的，我是他的一个朋友。很高兴认识你。考查代词辨析。mine我的，名词性物主代词；him他，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；his他的，名词性物主代词/形容词性物主代词。第一个空后是名词，用形容词性物主代词，排除A和C；第二个空是双重所有格，用名词性物主代词。故选B。 3．—Are all the students from ________ in your class? —No, there are only three ________ in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．German; Germans 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——所有来自德国的学生都在你们班吗？——不，我们班只有三个德国人。其他的来自其他国家。考查名词。Germany德国；German德国人，其复数形式为Germans。根据“Are all the students from”可知，be from“来自”，其后接国家名称，第一空应用Germany；根据“three”可知，此处指三个德国人，第二空应用复数名词Germans。故选B。 4．—Could you go to the bookshop with me? —Sorry, I _________. I have to go home right after school. A．may B．must C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你能和我一起去书店吗？——对不起，我不能。我必须放学后马上回家。考查情态动词辨析。may可能；must必须；can’t不可以；needn’t不需要。根据“Could you go to the bookshop with me?”和“Sorry”可知此处could表示委婉语气，否定回答应用can’t。故选C。 5．— Look! Mr. Su is taking photos of his students. — It ______ be him. He has gone abroad for study. A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——看！苏先生正在给他的学生们拍照片。——这不可能是他。他已经出国学习去了。考查情态动词。must必须；mustn’t禁止；can能够；can’t不能。根据“He has gone abroad for study.”可知，此处表示否定推测，应用can’t，故选D。 6．Norman Bethune was Canadian, but he is one of __________ heroes in China. A．the more famous B．the most famous C．more famous D．famous 【答案】B 【解析】句意：白求恩是加拿大人，但他是中国最著名的英雄之一。考查形容词最高级的用法。one of+the+形容词的最高级+名词复数表示“最……的……之一”。故选B。 7．It’s a pity that we lost the match because we were sometimes ________ when passing the ball, we practice ________this year. A．careless, carelessly B．careless, more carefully C．careful, carefully D．careful, more carefully 【答案】B 【解析】句意：很遗憾，我们输掉了比赛，因为我们在传球时有时很粗心，今年我们训练得更仔细了。考查词义辨析。careless粗心的；carelessly粗心地；careful仔细的；carefully仔细地。根据前面的“It’s a pity（很遗憾）”可以推出，我们是练球时“粗心了”，所以第一空填careless；因为以前粗心，用more carefully来修饰动词practice。故选B。 8．We have got two answers to the questions, but ________ of them is correct. A．neither B．either C．all D． none 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这些问题我们有两个答案，但都不对。考查代词辨析。neither两者均不；either两者之一；all(三者及三者以上)全部、一切；none(三者及三者以上)都不。根据“We have got two answers to the questions”可知此处范围是两者，结合“but”可知表转折，此处应填neither。故选A。 9．Lights were lit up ________ March 8 to pay respect to those brave female doctors and nurses. A．at B．in C．on D．for 【答案】C 【解析】句意：3月8日点亮了灯，向那些勇敢的女医生和护士致敬。考查时间介词用法。at表钟点时间；in用于一天的上中下午和年月季节等；on用于星期几等具体的时间；for后接时间段通常用于表示一个动作或状态持续的时间。根据“March 8”可知此处是具体的日期，用时间介词on，故选C。 10．In Chinese, ________ date 5-20 has a similar pronunciation to “I love you”, making it ________ lucky and romantic day. A．a; the B．/; a C．the; a 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在汉语中，日期5-20的发音与“我爱你”相似，这使它成为一个幸运而浪漫的日子。考查冠词。第一个空特指“5-20”这个日期，用定冠词the；第二个空泛指“一个幸运而浪漫的日子”，lucky以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选C。 2. 语法分析法 这类题目主要考查学生对语法知识的掌握情况，所测试的语法项目基本上是《课程标准》项目表中所涵盖的语法。但并不是直接考查语法的现象，而是把语法的测试置于一定的情境中，突出了语言能力的考查。 在做题过程中，考生要从语法角度入手，考虑句子的时态、语态；考虑动词的形式，考虑名词的单复数、形容词的各种级别，考虑各种从句等等。 典例引领 1．Linda ________ her notes before doing homework every day. A．reviews B．was reviewing C．will review D．has reviewed 【答案】A 【解析】句意：Linda每天做作业前复习笔记。考查时态。根据“every day”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数的“Linda”，所以此处应用动词的三单形式。故选A。 2．If the new restaurant ________ tomorrow, we will go and try some food. A．opens B．opened C．will open D．has opened 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果新餐馆明天开张，我们将去尝试一些食物。考查时态。If引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时。故选A。 3．—I wonder what makes you a successful manager. —I ________ as a waiter for five years and it makes a lot of contributions to my today’s work. A．serve B．have served C．served 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我想知道是什么让你成为一名成功的经理。——我当了五年服务员，这对我今天的工作做出了很大的贡献。考查时态。根据“I wonder what makes you a successful manager”可知，“做服务员”这个动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选C。 4．There ________ few trees on both sides of the road, but now we can see many jacaranda (蓝花楹) trees around. A．used to be B．used to have C．usedn’t to be D．usedn’t to have 【答案】A 【解析】句意：过去道路两旁树木很少，但现在我们可以看到周围有许多蓝花楹树。考查there be和used to的用法。根据“There ... few trees on both sides of the road”可知，此句是there be句型，不与have连用，排除B、D选项；再根据“but now we can see many jacaranda (蓝花楹) trees around”可知，现在有许多蓝花楹树，说明过去道路两边树很少，few本身表达否定含义，故此处不用否定结构，排除C选项。故选A。 5．How time flies! I ________ a senior high school this September. A．enter B．entered C．have entered D．will enter 【答案】D 【解析】句意：时间过得真快！今年九月我将进入一所高中。考查一般将来时。结合语境和“this September”可知，空处表示将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时。故选D。 6．There ________ a talent show in our school tomorrow. A．has B．will have C．is going to be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：明天我们学校将有一场才艺表演。考查There be的将来时。根据“tomorrow”可知，本句讲述的是将来发生的动作，用一般将来时；there be的将来时结构为there is/are going to be”或者“there will be”。故选C。 7．—Let’s discuss the plan, shall we? —Not now. I ________ to an interview. A．go B．was going C．am going 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——让我们讨论一下这个计划，好吗？——现在不行。我要去面试。考查动词时态。根据“Not now. I ... to an interview.”可知，此处应用一般将来时“be going to”，表示“将要做某事”。故选C。 8．Nowadays human activities ________ large amounts of CO2 and other gases. A．produced B．are producing C．were producing D．will produce 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如今，人类活动正在产生大量的二氧化碳和其他气体。考查时态。根据“Nowadays”及语境并结合选项可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，句子时态为现在进行时。故选B。 9．Sorry, don’t take the dictionary away, Vicky. I ________ it now. A．was using B．am using C．used 【答案】B 【解析】句意：对不起，不要把字典拿走，Vicky。我在用它。考查时态。根据“now”可知此处表示正在使用字典，用现在进行时am/is/are doing。故选B。 10．—How did the accident happen? —The driver ________ on the phone at that time. A．talked B．is talking C．was talking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——事故是怎么发生的？——当时司机正在打电话。考查时态。根据“at that time”可知，表示过去某个时间正在做某事，用过去进行时态。故选C。 11．Mrs. Wang ________ me a lot although she isn’t my teacher now. A．teaches B．has taught C．will teach D．was teaching 【答案】B 【解析】句意：王老师虽然现在不是我的老师，但她教会了我很多。考查时态。根据“me a lot although she isn’t my teacher now.”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done。故选B。 12．—Pandas _________ by people all over the world today. —Yes. They’re really a big hit. A．love B．loved C．are loved D．were loved 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——熊猫今天受到全世界人民的喜爱。——是的。它们真的很受欢迎。考查一般现在时态的被动语态。根据“today”可知，此句时态为一般现在时。根据“by people all over the world”可知，此句为一般现在时态的被动语态，结构为am/is/are done。主语为复数的Pandas，be动词用are。故选C。 13．—Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow. I mean, today’s work ________ today. —OK, Mr. White. A．should do B．could do C．should be done D．could be done 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——不要把今天的工作拖到明天，我的意思是，今天的工作应该今天完成。——好的，怀特先生。考查含有情态动词的被动语态和情态动词辨析。should应该；could能，可以。根据“Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow”可知，此处表示今天的工作应该今天完成。情态动词should意为“应该”，主语today’s work和动词do之间是被动关系，此处应用含有情态动词should的被动语态，结构是：should+be+动词过去分词。故选C。 14．Although the conditions are challenging, the team managed ______ the project on time. A．complete B．to complete C．completing D．completed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：尽管条件很有挑战性，但团队还是按时完成了项目。考查非谓语动词。complete“完成，结束”，动词；根据空前“managed”可知，此处考查manage to do sth.“设法做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式作宾语。故选B。 15．Do you have free time? I’d like to invite you ________ Mount Tai. A．climbing B．climb C．to climb 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你有空闲时间吗？我想邀请你去爬泰山。考查非谓语动词。根据“invite you”可知，考查invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”。故选C。 3. 词义辨析法 在单项选择题中，我们经常遇到题目的四个选项是词性相同而含义不同的词，有的还是拼写很相似的词，这时我们首先要看懂句意和每个单词的意思，然后根据上下文的提示，把单词放在句子中整体地去理解，根据句意找出正确答案。在平时的学习中，会遇到很多看似相似的词组，有的是由一个动词跟上不同的介词或副词构成的词组，学生们不但要熟记这些词组的搭配，还要记住其含义和用法，它们也是单项选择题中的必考题。 典例引领 1．—Can you tell me some ________ about the Brazil Olympic Games? —OK. Let me help you search the Internet. A．message B．information C．news 【答案】B 【解析】句意: ——你能告诉我一些关于巴西奥运会的信息吗？——好的。让我帮你搜索互联网。考查名词词义辨析。message消息；information信息；news新闻。根据空格后“about the Brazil Olympic Games”和“OK. Let me help you search the Internet.”可知，此处应该指想要知道巴西奥运会的信息。故选B。 2．Students don’t seem to have much ______ this term. A．lesson B．idea C．material D．homework 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这学期学生们似乎没有多少家庭作业。考查名词辨析。lesson课程，可数名词单数；idea主意，可数名词单数；material材料，可数名词单数；homework家庭作业，不可数名词。空处位于much后，填不可数名词。故选D。 3．—If you prefer the red evening dress, you’ll have to pay ________ 30 dollars, because it’s made of silk. —Ok. Here you are. A．other B．the other C．another 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——如果你喜欢红色晚礼服，你必须再付30美元，因为它是丝绸的。——好的。给你。考查不定代词。other其他的；the other（两者中）另一个的；another再一个的，另一个的。根据“If you prefer the red evening dress, you’ll have to pay…30 dollars, because it’s made of silk.”，结合选项可知，红色晚礼服是丝绸的，所以应该再付30美元才可以买。故选C。 4．________Betty ________Kitty has been to Red Spot Design Museum, so they have no idea what it looks like inside. A．either, or B．neither; nor C．both; and 【答案】B 【解析】句意：贝蒂和基蒂都没去过红点设计博物馆，所以她们不知道里面是什么样子。考查代词辨析。either...or...要么……要么……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；both...and...两者都……。根据“so they have no idea what it looks like inside.”可知，她们不知道里面的样子，说明贝蒂和基蒂都没去过，要用neither... nor...。故选 B。 5．________ thought he could hold on. However, he won the game at last. A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody 【答案】C 【解析】句意：没人认为他能坚持住。然而，他最终赢得了比赛。考查代词辨析。Everybody每个人；Somebody某人；Nobody没有人。根据“thought he could hold on. However, he won the game at last.”可知转折词前表示没有人认为他能坚持住。故选C。 6．—Do you often learn English ________ listening to VOA? —Yes. And I also have conversations with friends ________ English. A．with; in B．by; by C．by; in 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你经常通过听《美国之音》来学习英语吗？ ——是的。我也用英语和朋友交谈。考查介词辨析。with具有；in用……语言；by通过。第一空，根据空后“listening to VOA”可知，此处是指通过听美国之音来学习英语，应用by表示方式，排除A；第二空，根据空后“English”可知，此处考查in English “用英语”，介词短语，应用介词in，排除B。故选C。 7．一Tony, hurry up! The talk show The World of Chinese will be ______ air soon. —Okay, I’m coming! A．by B．in C．at D．on 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——托尼，快点！脱口秀《汉语世界》马上就要播出了。——好的，我来了！考查介词辨析。by借助；in在……里面；at在；on在开着，在放映中。根据“The talk show The World of Chinese will be...air soon.”可知，表示“在电视或广播上播出”时，常用介词on。故选D。 8．The 2024 Paris Olympic Games will take place ________ July 26 and August 11. A．at B．from C．between D．on 【答案】C 【解析】句意：2024年巴黎奥运会将于7月26日至8月11日举行。考查介词辨析。at在；from来自；between在……之间；on在……上面。根据“…July 26 and August 11”可知，是在7月26日至8月11日之间举行，between…and意为“在……之间”，固定短语。故选C。 9．The delicious food and _______ people made us happy with the trip to Jiaozi Snow Mountain. A．slow B．tired C．nervous D．nice 【答案】D 【解析】句意：美味的食物和友善的人们让我们对轿子雪山之旅感到高兴。考查形容词辨析。slow慢的；tired累的；nervous紧张的；nice友好的。根据“made us happy with the trip to Jiaozi Snow Mountain”可知，此处是“美味的食物和友善的人们”。故选D。 10．To help develop students’ thinking, teachers can encourage them to ask more “what if” questions. A．excited B．creative C．difficult 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了帮助培养学生的创造性思维，教师可以鼓励他们问更多的“如果”问题。考查形容词辨析。excited激动的；creative创造性的；difficult困难的。根据“teachers can encourage them to ask more ‘what if’ questions.”可知，是为了培养学生的创造性思维，故选B。 11．As middle school students, we should learn how to deal with the difficulties _______ in daily life. A．simply B．wisely C．busily D．seriously 【答案】B 【解析】句意：作为中学生，我们应当学会如何在日常生活中明智地处理困难。考查副词辨析。simply简单地；wisely明智地；busily忙碌地；seriously认真地。根据“we should learn how to deal with the difficulties...in daily life”及常识可知，面对困难应当明智地处理，因此选择wisely。故选B。 12．—Jacky, I’m afraid it’s impossible for us to finish the project this afternoon. —Well, we ________ complete it today. It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——杰克，恐怕今天下午我们不可能完成这个项目了。——嗯，我们不必今天完成，明天交给吴教授就可以了。考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；needn’t不必。根据“It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow.”可知，今天不必完成。故选D。 13．We must always believe that change will come, ________ it will take time. A．so B．and C．but D．for 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们必须始终相信，变革终将到来，但这需要时间。考查连词辨析。so因此；and和；but但是；for因为。根据“change will come, ... it will take time”可知，应是说变革会到来，但需要时间，前后句意是转折关系，所以用but连接，故选C。 14．______ he is a foreigner, he is interested in Chinese culture and delicious food. A．Although B．Since C．Because D．Unless 【答案】A 【解析】句意：虽然他是一个外国人，但他对中国文化和美食很感兴趣。考查连词辨析。Although虽然；Since自从；Because因为；Unless除非。根据“he is a foreigner, he is interested in Chinese culture and delicious food.”可知，前后句之间为转折关系，应用Although引导让步状语从句。故选A。 15．Before the Spring Festival, children excitedly help their grandparents ________ couplets on their doors as a way to bring good luck. A．put on B．put out C．put away D．put up 【答案】D 【解析】句意：春节前，孩子们兴奋地帮爷爷奶奶在门上贴对联，希望能带来好运。考查动词短语。put on增加；put out熄灭；put away把……放好；put up张贴。根据“couplets on their doors”可知，此处指在门上张贴春联。故选D。 4. 固定搭配法 单项选择题中经常出现要填的词和附近的词构成固定短语、固定结构以及习惯用法的情况，这种题目我们就可以采用固定搭配法来解答，排除搭配不当的选项，就能找到正确答案。当然，解答这种题型的关键就是把固定的搭配记准确。 典例引领 1．The teachers don’t allow _______ and they don’t allow us ______, too. A．smoking, to smoke B．smoking, smoke C．to smoke, smoking D．smoke, smoking 【答案】A 【解析】句意：老师们不允许吸烟，他们也不允许我们吸烟。考查allow的用法。根据英语表达习惯，allow有如下两种结构：意为“允许（做）某事”的allow (doing) sth.和意为“允许某人做某事”的allow sb. to do sth.。根据句意可知，第一个空应为“不允许做某事”，第二个空应为“不允许某人做某事”，故第一个空smoke应用ing形式，第二个空smoke应用不定式结构，故选A。 2．This kind of wine ________ fruit and it ________ very well. A．is made of; tastes B．is made with; feels C．is made from; sells 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这种酒是用水果酿制的，销路很好。考查被动语态及短语辨析。be made of由……制成，能看出原材料；be made from，由……制造，看不出原材料。be made with 指由什么原料、通过什么步骤、方法，可具体，可抽象。根据题中空格后面的wine、fruit和常识，分析出酒不能直接看出原料，故填be made from。第二空选择sells为第三人称单数形式，表示销售得好。故选C。 3．________ is it from your home to school?   —It’s about 10 minutes’ walk. A．How far B．How long C．How soon D．How often 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你家到学校有多远？——步行大概10分钟。考查特殊疑问句。A. How far问距离，多远；B. How long问时间，多久；C. How soon问时间，多久；D. How often问频率，多久一次。根据答句可知是问路程。故选A。 4．Students spent a long time___________for the coming school-leavers party A．prepare B．prepared C．to prepare D．preparing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：学生们花了很长时间准备即将到来的离校生派对。考查固定搭配。prepare准备，动词原形；prepared动词过去分词；to prepare动词不定式；preparing动名词，固定动词短语spend time（in）doing sth.花费时间做某事，所以用prepare的动名词形式，故选D。 5．— Have you heard of Liu Qian from Taiwan? — Sure! His magic performance is ___________ amazing for people ___________ forget. A．so；that B．enough；to C．too；to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你听说过台湾来的刘谦吗？   ——当然！他的魔术表演太棒了，让人难以忘怀。考查固定搭配。A. so；that如此……以至于……；B. enough；to足够……而能做……；C. too；to太……而不能……。根据句意可知，空格处应填入意为“太……而不能……”的短语，即魔术表演太精彩，令人无法忘记。故选C。 6．—Lily has changed a lot. —I think so. She spends more time than she used to _________English. A．learn B．learning C．learned 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——莉莉变了很多。——我也这样认为。她比过去花费更多的时间来学习英语。本题考查非谓语动词。learn是动词原形；learning是动名词或现在分词；learned是过去分词。spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事，故选B。 7．—Why does Ben look unhappy? —Because he has trouble _________ finishing the report. A．in B．for C．about D．on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——为什么Ben看起来不开心？——因为他在完成这个报告时遇到困难。考查介词的固定搭配。in在…里面；for为了；about关于；on在…上面。根据题干，可知此处考查固定短语have trouble in doing sth.意为“在做某事时有问题、有困难。”故答案选A。 8．Some people are looking forward ________ meeting the runners from all over the world in the 2019 Yellow River Estuary (Dongying) International Marathon. A．for B．to C．of D．by 【答案】B 【解析】句意：一些人期盼着在2019年黄河口（东营）国际马拉松上见到来自世界各地的跑步运动员。考查介词辨析及固定搭配。for因为，为了；to位于，朝……；of……的；by通过，由……。分析句子可知，此处构成固定搭配look forward to，翻译为“期盼，盼望”。故选B。 9．Laozi lived in the 6th century BC． It is _____________that he wrote the Daodejing. A．suggested B．reported C．believed D．produced 【答案】C 【解析】句意：老子生活在公元前6世纪。据人们认为是他写的《道德经》。考查动词词义辨析。suggested 建议；reported 报道；believed相信；produced生产。根据句意可知，此处指人们认为是他写的《道德经》，“据人们认为”用固定搭配It is believed that…表示。故选C。 10．Peter always has smiles on his face, and he seems to be never angry _______other. A．to B．at C．with D．on 【答案】C 【解析】句意：彼得脸上总是带着微笑，他似乎从不生别人的气。考查介词的用法。to到；at在；with和；on在……上。be angry at sth为某事而生气，而be angry with sb.生某人的气，符合题意，故选C。 5. 逐个排除法 在单项选择题中，有些学生对少数难题、迷惑题望而生畏，无从下手，此时可以根据题干中的特定信息、句子结构或语法知识进行有理有据的合理推测，排除错误的选项，从而找到正确答案。当对某个选项的意义用法不明确，而这个选项又恰恰是正确答案时，可以将错误的选项逐个剔除，剩余的一个即为正确答案。这种方法就叫“逐个排除法”。 此种方法适用于对所给出的答案都感到似是而非，不能选出正确答案时。这类题以涉及词汇知识的居多；同时这也是使用频率最高的方法之一。 典例引领 1．The guide informed the visitors they ________ leave their bags at the reception if they preferred. A．might B．need C．must D．should 【答案】A 【解析】句意：导游告知游客，如果他们愿意，可以将包放在接待处。考查情态动词辨析。might可以；need需要；must必须；should应该。由“if they preferred”可知，游客可以留包但不是强制的，用might符合语境。故选A。 2．— do you know about the new project? —Honestly, I know nothing. They haven’t shared any details with me yet. A．How many B．How long C．How often D．How much 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你对这个新项目了解多少？——老实说，我什么都不知道。他们还没有告诉我任何细节。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，对复数名词数量提问；How long多久，常用于对时间段提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问；How much多少，用于对不可数名词的数量提问，也可用于询问程度等。根据“Honestly, I know nothing. They haven’t shared any details with me yet”可知，问句是在问对新项目了解的程度，故应用how much。故选D。 3．—I don’t like this shirt. Do you have ____________ one in a different color? —Yes, we have it in blue and green. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我不喜欢这件衬衫。你们有别的颜色的吗？ ——是的，我们有蓝色和绿色的。考查代词辨析。other其他的，通常用来修饰复数名词；the other表示两者中的另一个；another另外一个，用于单数名词之前；others表示其他人或物。由“do you have one in a different color?”可知，表示询问是否有另一种颜色的同样物品。故选C。 4．The noise from the construction site made __________ hard for me to focus on reading. A．this B．it C．that D．one 【答案】B 【解析】句意：建筑工地的噪音使我很难集中精力读书。考查it特殊用法。该句使用句式“make it+形容词+for sb to do”，表示“使做某事对某人来说……”，其中it作为形式宾语，指代不定式短语“to focus on reading”。故选B。 5．_________ you go around China, you will know more about its culture. A．If B．Unless C．Until D．Although 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你到中国转转，你会对中国文化有更多的了解。考查条件状语从句。If如果；Unless除非；Until直到；Although尽管。根据“...you go around China, you will know more about its culture.”可知，此句表达如果到中国转转，就会对中国文化有更多的了解。该句是由if引导的条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。故选A。 6. 关键词暗示法 语言靠语句来传输信息，当我们接触到单项选择题时，必须找关键词语，分析句子的语法结构。这种方法常用于考查时态等语法结构的题。 典例引领 1．—I like watching Craftsmen of the Nation (《大国工匠》) on CCTV. —Me, too. I ________ what they do for our country. A．take pride in B．take care of C．take away from D．take part in 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我喜欢看中央电视台的《大国工匠》。——我也是。我为他们为我们国家所做的一切感到骄傲。考查动词短语。take pride in为……感到骄傲；take care of照顾，照料；take away from从……中拿走；减损；take part in参加。根据空格后“what they do for our country.”可知，此处应该表达为他们为我们国家所做的一切感到骄傲。故选A。 2．It’s difficult to _________ air as you reach the top of a high mountain. A．take in B．use up C．put on D．get off 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当你到达一座高山的山顶时，很难呼吸空气。考查动词短语。take in吸收；use up用光；put on张贴；get off下车。根据“as you reach the top of a high mountain”可知，山顶呼吸空气困难。故选A。 3．It’s warm outside. Why not ________ your sweater? A．take off B．take away C．take up D．take down 【答案】A 【解析】句意：外面很暖和。为什么不脱掉你的外套？考查动词短语。take off脱掉；take away拿走；take up占据；take down记录下。根据“It’s warm outside.”可知，应是建议脱掉外套。故选A。 4．You’d better ______ the key points in class so that you can get better grades. A．take off B．take down C．take in D．take up 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你最好记下课堂上的要点这样你就能取得更好的成绩。考查动词短语。take off起飞；take down写下；take in收留；take up开始从事。根据“so that you can get better grades”可知，应表达记下课堂上的要点。故选B。 5．Life is changing quickly and many of the old traditions are ________. A．keeping up B．falling down C．dying out D．giving up 【答案】C 【解析】句意：生活变化很快，许多古老的传统正在消失。考查动词短语。keeping up保持；falling down跌倒；dying out消亡；giving up放弃。根据“Life is changing quickly”可知此处是说生活变化很快，许多古老的传统正在消失。故选C。 6．I wonder whether the question he raised is ________. A．worth being paid attention to B．worth paying attention C．worth being paid attention D．worth paying attention to 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我想知道他提出的问题是否值得注意。考查短语搭配。be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”，其没有被动语态，本身可主动形式表示被动含义；pay attention to为固定搭配，意为“注意；重视”，此处to不可省略，故选D。 7．The engineer ________ early every morning to catch the first bus. A．gets up B．gets off C．gets down D．gets on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：工程师每天早起赶首班公共汽车。考查动词短语。gets up起床；gets off下车；gets down出人头地；gets on上车。根据“early every morning to catch the first bus.”可知，此处指早起赶首班公交车。故选A。 8．—Jim, please help me ___________ the tent. —OK. I’m coming. It’s exciting to sleep in it tonight. A．put up B．put out C．put on D．put in 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——吉姆，请帮我搭帐篷。——好的。我来了。想到今晚睡在帐篷里就觉得兴奋。考查动词短语。put up搭建；put out扑灭；put on上演；put in(使)在内。根据“the tent”可知是搭建帐篷。故选A。 9．—Iranian President ________ in a helicopter crash (直升机坠毁) on May 19th, 2024. —I’m sorry to hear that. A．took away B．put away C．passed away D．got away 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——伊朗总统于2024年5月19日因直升机坠毁而去世。——我很遗憾听到这个消息。考查动词短语。took away拿走；put away收起来；passed away去世；got away逃离。根据“in a helicopter crash (直升机坠毁)”可知，伊朗总统因直升机坠毁而去世。故选C。 10．—What are your ideas for ________ air pollution? —We should take the bus or subway instead of driving. A．cutting down B．taking down C．turning down 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——对于减少空气污染你有什么看法？ ——我们应该乘公交车或地铁而不是开车。考查动词短语。cut down减少；take down记下；turn down拒绝。根据“air pollution”可知，此处表示减少空气污染，故选A。 7.基本常识 有的选择题涉及政治、历史、地理、天文、生活风俗等方面的常识，做这种选择题时，要借助自己所掌握的有关常识才能选出正确答案。 典例引领 1．—Could you help me clean the car, Mike? —Sure. _________ I’ll do it at once. A．It takes time. B．It’s a piece of cake. C．It serves you right. D．Practice makes perfect. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——迈克，你能帮我洗车吗？  ——当然可以。小菜一碟。我马上去做。考查习语。It takes time需要时间 ；It’s a piece of cake小菜一碟； It serves you right自作自受 ； Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。根据后文“I’ll do it at once.”可知，对方马上去帮忙洗车。所以此处应该表达小菜一碟。故选B。 2．—Jim’s mother used to hate cartoons, but now she likes to watch them with little Jim. —Oh, just as the saying goes, ________. A． East, west, home is best. B．Like father, like son. C．Love me, love my dog. D．Better late than never. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——吉姆的妈妈过去不喜欢动画片，但是现在喜欢和小吉姆一起看。——哦，就像一句谚语所说的，爱屋及乌。考查习语。East, west, home is best.金窝，银窝，不如自己的狗窝；Like father, like son.有其父必有其子；Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌；Better late than never.亡羊补牢，为时不晚。结合句意可知，吉姆妈妈以前不喜欢动画片，现在却和小吉姆一起看，是因为妈妈爱吉姆，也爱吉姆喜欢的动画片，故爱屋及乌。故选C。 3．—I’ve made little progress in English during this term. —Don’t worry. ________. A．It’s never too old to learn B．Rome was not built in a day C．Well begun is half done D．The early bird catches the worm 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——这学期我的英语进步不大。——别担心。冰冻三尺非一日之寒。考查习语的用法。It’s never too old to learn活到老学到老；Rome was not built in a day冰冻三尺非一日之寒；Well begun is half done好的开端是成功的一半；The early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃。根据“I’ve made little progress in English during this term.”以及“Don’t worry.”可知，对方这学期英语进步不大，此处应是安慰对方，不要担心，冰冻三尺非一日之寒。故选B。 4．If you think that others are always in a better situation than you, even when they are not, we say “________”. A．The grass is always greener on the other side B．Every dog has its day. C．The early bird catches the worm D．Actions speak louder than words 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你认为其他人的处境总是比你好，即使他们不是，我们会说“邻家芳草绿”。考查谚语。the grass is always greener on the other side邻家芳草绿；every dog has its day人人皆有得意日；the early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃；actions speak louder than words行动胜于言语。根据“other people are always in a better situation than us, even when they are not”可知，其他人的处境总是比我们好，这可以用“邻家芳草绿”来描述。故选A。 5．—Robin behaves like his father and both of them are modest and generous. —I can’t agree more. That’s why people say “________”. A．like father, like son B．love me, love my dog C．no pain, no gain D．better late than never 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——罗宾表现得像他父亲，两人都很谦虚大方。——我完全同意。这就是为什么人们说“有其父必有其子”。考查习语。like father, like son有其父必有其子；love me, love my dog爱屋及乌；no pain, no gain不劳无获；better late than never迟到总比不做好。根据“Robin behaves like his father and both of them are modest and generous.”可知，此处指有其父必有其子。故选A。 6． The poster shows us ________. A．what time the Paris 2024 Olympics will start B．how many times Paris has held the Olympics C．which game will come first in the Paris 2024 Olympics 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这张海报向我们展示了2024年巴黎奥运会的开幕时间。考查常识。根据“The poster shows us”可知，该句是宾语从句，结合海报可知，我们可以看到巴黎奥运会的开幕时间。故选A。 7．________ Here we are in India. So why not try on the Saris, dear? A．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. B．One tree can’t make a forest. C．Many hands make light work. D．Better late than never. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：入乡随俗，我们在印度这里，为什么不尝试下穿纱丽呢，亲爱的？考查谚语。When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗；One tree can’t make a forest.独木难成林；Many hands make light work.团结就是力量；Better late than never.亡羊补牢，为时不晚。根据“Here we are in India. So why not try on the Saris, dear?”可知是指入乡随俗，因为印度女性的传统是穿戴纱丽。故选A。 8.学会划关键词 许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。 典例引领 1．With only a few minutes left, they managed ________ the game around. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．turned 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在只剩下几分钟的情况下，他们设法扭转了比赛局面。考查非谓语动词。根据“managed”可知，manage to do sth“设法做成某事”，此处为动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 2．Our English teacher always encourages us ________ questions in his class. A．ask B．asking C．to ask D．asked 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们的英语老师一直鼓励我们在他的课堂上问问题。考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 3．The policeman warned us ________ football on the street. A．don’t play B．not to play C．not play D．no playing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：警察警告我们不要在街上踢足球。考查动词不定式。根据句意和“warned us”可知，此处表达“警告我们不要在街上踢足球”，warn sb. not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”。故选B。 4．The ORBIS doctors did everything ________ the girl with eye problems. A．save B．saved C．to save D．saving 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了拯救这名眼部有疾病的女孩子，ORBIS的医生们做了一切。考查非谓语动词。根据“did everything”可知，医生们做了一切的目的是救这名女孩子，不定式表示目的。故选C。 9.情景交际法 英语中有很多交际用语，它们都有一定的问答方式，因此只要熟练掌握英语中常用的交际用语，此类题目便不难解答。 典例引领 1．If each of us makes efforts something meaningful, our society will become better and better. A．to do B．doing C．do D．to be done 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果我们每个人都努力做一些有意义的事情，我们的社会将变得越来越好。考查非谓语动词。make efforts to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。 2．—Computers go wrong easily in an overheated environment. —________. A．I agree B．Good idea C．Never mind D．All right 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——电脑在过热的环境中很容易出问题。——我同意。考查情景交际。I agree我同意；Good idea好主意；Never mind没关系；All right好吧。根据“Computers go wrong easily in an overheated environment.”可知，此处表示同意对方的说法。故选A。 3．—Excuse me, I want to complain about the goldfish I bought yesterday. —________ A．I’m afraid you can’t. B．Yes, certainly. C．What’s the problem? D．How could you do that? 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——对不起，我想投诉一下我昨天买的金鱼。——有什么问题吗？考查情景交际。I’m afraid you can’t恐怕你不能；Yes, certainly是的，当然可以；What’s the problem有什么问题吗；How could you do that你怎么能那样做。根据“I want to complain about the goldfish I bought yesterday”可知，此处应询问对方有什么问题。故选C。 4．—I’m so sorry to be late for the ceremony, Dale. —________. We’ve just started. A．It’s my treat B．It’s a pity C．It’s no big deal D．It’s up to you 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——䵧尔，我很抱歉在仪式上迟到了。——没什么大事。我们只是刚开始。考查情景交际。It’s my treat我请客；It’s a pity真遗憾；It’s no big deal没什么大不了；It’s up to you由你决定。根据“We’ve just started.”可知，我们也是刚到，可见问题不大。故选C。 5．—Jim, could you tell me how to solve the maths problem? —________. I am poor at maths, you know. A．It couldn’t be better B．You really have me there C．Take your time D．Let’s call it a day 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——吉姆，你能告诉我怎么解这道数学题吗？——你可真把我难住了。你知道的，我数学不好。考查交际用语。It couldn’t be better再好不过了，表示对某件事非常满意；You really have me there你可真把我难住了；Take your time别着急，慢慢来，常用于安慰别人；Let’s call it a day今天就到此为止吧；收工吧，表示结束当前的活动。根据“I am poor at maths, you know.”可知，说话者不能解决这个数学问题，被这个问题难住了。故选B。 6．—Can you help me carry the box? —________. I’m coming. A．Sorry, I’m busy B．No problem C．No way D．Never mind 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能帮我搬这个箱子吗？——没问题。我来了。考查情景交际。Sorry, I’m busy对不起，我很忙；No problem没问题；No way不可能；Never mind不要紧。根据“I’m coming.”可知，此处表示愿意帮忙，因此应说没问题。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第22讲 单项选择 目 录 考情透视·目标导航............................................................................................................................... 2 知识导图·思维引航............................................................................................................................... 3 考点突破·考法探究............................................................................................................................... 3 探究一 单项选择的考向............................................................................................................... 4 1.考单项选择各大词性的考法...................................................................................................... 4 2.考查句子理解与词义................................................................................................................. 5 3.考查交际用语的应用................................................................................................................. 5 4.用图示和标志考查语言的应用.................................................................................................. 6 探究二 单项选择的解题方法....................................................................................................... 6 1. 直接选定法............................................................................................................................... 6 2. 语法分析法............................................................................................................................... 8 3. 词义辨析法............................................................................................................................. 12 4. 固定搭配法............................................................................................................................. 16 5. 逐个排除法............................................................................................................................. 18 6. 关键词暗示法......................................................................................................................... 20 7.基本常识................................................................................................................................... 23 8.学会划关键词........................................................................................................................... 25 9.情景交际法............................................................................................................................... 26 题型 考查频次 命题预测 单项选择 · 10年10考 从近几年来全国各地的中考试卷分析可以看出，单项选择题的考点主要分布在：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词；时态、语态；词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。 在做单项选择题时，同学们除应具有较扎实的语言基础知识和善于思考外，掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。 目标导航： 1. 考查基本语法; 2. 考查同义词、近义词的辨析； 3. 考查各种词汇的惯用法和固定搭配； 4. 考查掌握和运用日常交际用语的能力。 ❤锦囊妙计 单项选择题的解题过程: 1. 阅读审题：首先要默读试题中的英语句子，了解空格在句中所处的位置，句子缺少什么成分，初步确定答案范围，与备选答案结合起来就会大致明白考查什么。　 2. 观察分析：这是一个快速而又严密的思维过程。要求将试题中所提供的条件和备选答案的情况结合起来去分析、推理、排除那些明显不符合试题的选项，甚至本身就有错的备选项目，再在剩余的备选项中比较分析。 3. 选择判断：在分析句子和备选答案的基础上，经过反复验证，选出一个使句子语法正确、语意通顺，符合逻辑的答案。 4. 复查验证：将所选答案放在句中空格处再默读全句。首先看是否顺口，再在语法、意思和逻辑关系上推敲一下。 探究一 单项选择的考向 1.考单项选择各大词性的考法 ①名词：考查词义辨析，抽象名词辨析，以及名词单复数 ②代词：考查不定代词的用法，反身代词的用法（形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词之后） ③形容词：考查比较级和最高级及用法（无标志词的，需要理解上下文的含义；形容词修饰名词；ed结尾的形容词修饰人，ing结尾的形容词修饰物等） ④副词：考查副词词义辨析及用法（副词修饰动词） ⑤冠词：不定冠词；定冠词；零冠词(一般两两结合，注意区分） ⑥连词：when/if，until，unless，although等等（一定要先翻译，在理解句意的基础上，再结合各个连词的意义及用法做题） ⑦介词：方位介词和介词的基本用法（with带有，具有，与..和...；for对于；about关于等等） ⑧动词：考查较多（三单，时态，主被动；动词词义辨析及情态动词） 动词短语辨析：一般考查，不同一动词+同一介词 非谓语动词（动词的固定用法 to do/V+ed/V+ing） ⑨三大句型 考点一:感叹句（重点区分what和how） 考点二：定语从句（who，that，which） 考点三：宾语从句时态，语序，引导词 ⑩情景语境：强调交际性和实用性，一般有问候类，感谢类，道歉类，建议类，重在理解上下文对话语境，并做出恰当选择 2.考查句子理解与词义 最近几年越来越多命题者开始淡化语法知识，趋向语言应用能力的考查，即考查学生在一定情景下正确使用语言知识的能力，这类题如果不看上下文，仅凭词义每个选项似乎都可以填入空白处，因此必须理解句子所提供的情景，如对话的时间、场合、人物的关系等，才能选择出准确的选项。 3.考查交际用语的应用 情景交际考查学生在具体语言环境中正确运用所学语言知识交流思想、表达观点的能力，可以用补全对话的形式考查，也可以用单项选择形式考查。做这种试题，一定要正确理解语境，判断说话人的身份、态度、所处场合等，遵从中西文化的差异和交际习惯，根据上下文句意的关系来确定选项。 4.用图示和标志考查语言的应用 这种单项选择题主要是考查学生对一些日常生活中经常看到的一些图示、标志的了解，从而考查英语语言知识的应用。学生不仅要看懂题目，更要看懂图示和标志。这些图示和标志大部分是常识性的，也有和其他学科相联系的图画或者一些外国文化、建筑标志等。这就需要学生在日常生活中多留心，多学习，多了解一些英语教科书以外的知识和常识。但是中考涉及到的这些图示等一般比较常见。 探究二 单项选择的解题方法 1. 直接选定法 直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中所提供的信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出答案的解题方法。 典例引领 1．My teacher gives me much ________ on improving English speaking skills. A．problem B．idea C．advice D．reply 2．—Do you know David is ______ cousin? —Yes, and I am a friend of ______. Nice to meet you. A．mine; him B．my; his C．mine; his D．my; him 3．—Are all the students from ________ in your class? —No, there are only three ________ in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．German; Germans 4．—Could you go to the bookshop with me? —Sorry, I _________. I have to go home right after school. A．may B．must C．can’t D．needn’t 5．— Look! Mr. Su is taking photos of his students. — It ______ be him. He has gone abroad for study. A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t 6．Norman Bethune was Canadian, but he is one of __________ heroes in China. A．the more famous B．the most famous C．more famous D．famous 7．It’s a pity that we lost the match because we were sometimes ________ when passing the ball, we practice ________this year. A．careless, carelessly B．careless, more carefully C．careful, carefully D．careful, more carefully 8．We have got two answers to the questions, but ________ of them is correct. A．neither B．either C．all D． none 9．Lights were lit up ________ March 8 to pay respect to those brave female doctors and nurses. A．at B．in C．on D．for 10．In Chinese, ________ date 5-20 has a similar pronunciation to “I love you”, making it ________ lucky and romantic day. A．a; the B．/; a C．the; a 2. 语法分析法 这类题目主要考查学生对语法知识的掌握情况，所测试的语法项目基本上是《课程标准》项目表中所涵盖的语法。但并不是直接考查语法的现象，而是把语法的测试置于一定的情境中，突出了语言能力的考查。 在做题过程中，考生要从语法角度入手，考虑句子的时态、语态；考虑动词的形式，考虑名词的单复数、形容词的各种级别，考虑各种从句等等。 典例引领 1．Linda ________ her notes before doing homework every day. A．reviews B．was reviewing C．will review D．has reviewed 2．If the new restaurant ________ tomorrow, we will go and try some food. A．opens B．opened C．will open D．has opened 3．—I wonder what makes you a successful manager. —I ________ as a waiter for five years and it makes a lot of contributions to my today’s work. A．serve B．have served C．served 4．There ________ few trees on both sides of the road, but now we can see many jacaranda (蓝花楹) trees around. A．used to be B．used to have C．usedn’t to be D．usedn’t to have 5．How time flies! I ________ a senior high school this September. A．enter B．entered C．have entered D．will enter 6．There ________ a talent show in our school tomorrow. A．has B．will have C．is going to be 7．—Let’s discuss the plan, shall we? —Not now. I ________ to an interview. A．go B．was going C．am going 8．Nowadays human activities ________ large amounts of CO2 and other gases. A．produced B．are producing C．were producing D．will produce 9．Sorry, don’t take the dictionary away, Vicky. I ________ it now. A．was using B．am using C．used 10．—How did the accident happen? —The driver ________ on the phone at that time. A．talked B．is talking C．was talking 11．Mrs. Wang ________ me a lot although she isn’t my teacher now. A．teaches B．has taught C．will teach D．was teaching 12．—Pandas _________ by people all over the world today. —Yes. They’re really a big hit. A．love B．loved C．are loved D．were loved 13．—Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow. I mean, today’s work ________ today. —OK, Mr. White. A．should do B．could do C．should be done D．could be done 14．Although the conditions are challenging, the team managed ______ the project on time. A．complete B．to complete C．completing D．completed 15．Do you have free time? I’d like to invite you ________ Mount Tai. A．climbing B．climb C．to climb 3. 词义辨析法 在单项选择题中，我们经常遇到题目的四个选项是词性相同而含义不同的词，有的还是拼写很相似的词，这时我们首先要看懂句意和每个单词的意思，然后根据上下文的提示，把单词放在句子中整体地去理解，根据句意找出正确答案。在平时的学习中，会遇到很多看似相似的词组，有的是由一个动词跟上不同的介词或副词构成的词组，学生们不但要熟记这些词组的搭配，还要记住其含义和用法，它们也是单项选择题中的必考题。 典例引领 1．—Can you tell me some ________ about the Brazil Olympic Games? —OK. Let me help you search the Internet. A．message B．information C．news 2．Students don’t seem to have much ______ this term. A．lesson B．idea C．material D．homework 3．—If you prefer the red evening dress, you’ll have to pay ________ 30 dollars, because it’s made of silk. —Ok. Here you are. A．other B．the other C．another 4．________Betty ________Kitty has been to Red Spot Design Museum, so they have no idea what it looks like inside. A．either, or B．neither; nor C．both; and 5．________ thought he could hold on. However, he won the game at last. A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody 6．—Do you often learn English ________ listening to VOA? —Yes. And I also have conversations with friends ________ English. A．with; in B．by; by C．by; in 7．一Tony, hurry up! The talk show The World of Chinese will be ______ air soon. —Okay, I’m coming! A．by B．in C．at D．on 8．The 2024 Paris Olympic Games will take place ________ July 26 and August 11. A．at B．from C．between D．on 9．The delicious food and _______ people made us happy with the trip to Jiaozi Snow Mountain. A．slow B．tired C．nervous D．nice 10．To help develop students’ thinking, teachers can encourage them to ask more “what if” questions. A．excited B．creative C．difficult 11．As middle school students, we should learn how to deal with the difficulties _______ in daily life. A．simply B．wisely C．busily D．seriously 12．—Jacky, I’m afraid it’s impossible for us to finish the project this afternoon. —Well, we ________ complete it today. It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 13．We must always believe that change will come, ________ it will take time. A．so B．and C．but D．for 14．______ he is a foreigner, he is interested in Chinese culture and delicious food. A．Although B．Since C．Because D．Unless 15．Before the Spring Festival, children excitedly help their grandparents ________ couplets on their doors as a way to bring good luck. A．put on B．put out C．put away D．put up 4. 固定搭配法 单项选择题中经常出现要填的词和附近的词构成固定短语、固定结构以及习惯用法的情况，这种题目我们就可以采用固定搭配法来解答，排除搭配不当的选项，就能找到正确答案。当然，解答这种题型的关键就是把固定的搭配记准确。 典例引领 1．The teachers don’t allow _______ and they don’t allow us ______, too. A．smoking, to smoke B．smoking, smoke C．to smoke, smoking D．smoke, smoking 2．This kind of wine ________ fruit and it ________ very well. A．is made of; tastes B．is made with; feels C．is made from; sells 3．________ is it from your home to school?   —It’s about 10 minutes’ walk. A．How far B．How long C．How soon D．How often 4．Students spent a long time___________for the coming school-leavers party A．prepare B．prepared C．to prepare D．preparing 5．— Have you heard of Liu Qian from Taiwan? — Sure! His magic performance is ___________ amazing for people ___________ forget. A．so；that B．enough；to C．too；to 6．—Lily has changed a lot. —I think so. She spends more time than she used to _________English. A．learn B．learning C．learned 7．—Why does Ben look unhappy? —Because he has trouble _________ finishing the report. A．in B．for C．about D．on 8．Some people are looking forward ________ meeting the runners from all over the world in the 2019 Yellow River Estuary (Dongying) International Marathon. A．for B．to C．of D．by 9．Laozi lived in the 6th century BC． It is _____________that he wrote the Daodejing. A．suggested B．reported C．believed D．produced 10．Peter always has smiles on his face, and he seems to be never angry _______other. A．to B．at C．with D．on 5. 逐个排除法 在单项选择题中，有些学生对少数难题、迷惑题望而生畏，无从下手，此时可以根据题干中的特定信息、句子结构或语法知识进行有理有据的合理推测，排除错误的选项，从而找到正确答案。当对某个选项的意义用法不明确，而这个选项又恰恰是正确答案时，可以将错误的选项逐个剔除，剩余的一个即为正确答案。这种方法就叫“逐个排除法”。 此种方法适用于对所给出的答案都感到似是而非，不能选出正确答案时。这类题以涉及词汇知识的居多；同时这也是使用频率最高的方法之一。 典例引领 1．The guide informed the visitors they ________ leave their bags at the reception if they preferred. A．might B．need C．must D．should 2．— do you know about the new project? —Honestly, I know nothing. They haven’t shared any details with me yet. A．How many B．How long C．How often D．How much 3．—I don’t like this shirt. Do you have ____________ one in a different color? —Yes, we have it in blue and green. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 4．The noise from the construction site made __________ hard for me to focus on reading. A．this B．it C．that D．one 5．_________ you go around China, you will know more about its culture. A．If B．Unless C．Until D．Although 6. 关键词暗示法 语言靠语句来传输信息，当我们接触到单项选择题时，必须找关键词语，分析句子的语法结构。这种方法常用于考查时态等语法结构的题。 典例引领 1．—I like watching Craftsmen of the Nation (《大国工匠》) on CCTV. —Me, too. I ________ what they do for our country. A．take pride in B．take care of C．take away from D．take part in 2．It’s difficult to _________ air as you reach the top of a high mountain. A．take in B．use up C．put on D．get off 3．It’s warm outside. Why not ________ your sweater? A．take off B．take away C．take up D．take down 4．You’d better ______ the key points in class so that you can get better grades. A．take off B．take down C．take in D．take up 5．Life is changing quickly and many of the old traditions are ________. A．keeping up B．falling down C．dying out D．giving up 6．I wonder whether the question he raised is ________. A．worth being paid attention to B．worth paying attention C．worth being paid attention D．worth paying attention to 7．The engineer ________ early every morning to catch the first bus. A．gets up B．gets off C．gets down D．gets on 8．—Jim, please help me ___________ the tent. —OK. I’m coming. It’s exciting to sleep in it tonight. A．put up B．put out C．put on D．put in 9．—Iranian President ________ in a helicopter crash (直升机坠毁) on May 19th, 2024. —I’m sorry to hear that. A．took away B．put away C．passed away D．got away 10．—What are your ideas for ________ air pollution? —We should take the bus or subway instead of driving. A．cutting down B．taking down C．turning down 7.基本常识 有的选择题涉及政治、历史、地理、天文、生活风俗等方面的常识，做这种选择题时，要借助自己所掌握的有关常识才能选出正确答案。 典例引领 1．—Could you help me clean the car, Mike? —Sure. _________ I’ll do it at once. A．It takes time. B．It’s a piece of cake. C．It serves you right. D．Practice makes perfect. 2．—Jim’s mother used to hate cartoons, but now she likes to watch them with little Jim. —Oh, just as the saying goes, ________. A． East, west, home is best. B．Like father, like son. C．Love me, love my dog. D．Better late than never. 3．—I’ve made little progress in English during this term. —Don’t worry. ________. A．It’s never too old to learn B．Rome was not built in a day C．Well begun is half done D．The early bird catches the worm 4．If you think that others are always in a better situation than you, even when they are not, we say “________”. A．The grass is always greener on the other side B．Every dog has its day. C．The early bird catches the worm D．Actions speak louder than words 5．—Robin behaves like his father and both of them are modest and generous. —I can’t agree more. That’s why people say “________”. A．like father, like son B．love me, love my dog C．no pain, no gain D．better late than never 6． The poster shows us ________. A．what time the Paris 2024 Olympics will start B．how many times Paris has held the Olympics C．which game will come first in the Paris 2024 Olympics 7．________ Here we are in India. So why not try on the Saris, dear? A．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. B．One tree can’t make a forest. C．Many hands make light work. D．Better late than never. 8.学会划关键词 许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。 典例引领 1．With only a few minutes left, they managed ________ the game around. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．turned 2．Our English teacher always encourages us ________ questions in his class. A．ask B．asking C．to ask D．asked 3．The policeman warned us ________ football on the street. A．don’t play B．not to play C．not play D．no playing 4．The ORBIS doctors did everything ________ the girl with eye problems. A．save B．saved C．to save D．saving 9.情景交际法 英语中有很多交际用语，它们都有一定的问答方式，因此只要熟练掌握英语中常用的交际用语，此类题目便不难解答。 典例引领 1．If each of us makes efforts something meaningful, our society will become better and better. A．to do B．doing C．do D．to be done 2．—Computers go wrong easily in an overheated environment. —________. A．I agree B．Good idea C．Never mind D．All right 3．—Excuse me, I want to complain about the goldfish I bought yesterday. —________ A．I’m afraid you can’t. B．Yes, certainly. C．What’s the problem? D．How could you do that? 4．—I’m so sorry to be late for the ceremony, Dale. —________. We’ve just started. A．It’s my treat B．It’s a pity C．It’s no big deal D．It’s up to you 5．—Jim, could you tell me how to solve the maths problem? —________. I am poor at maths, you know. A．It couldn’t be better B．You really have me there C．Take your time D．Let’s call it a day 6．—Can you help me carry the box? —________. I’m coming. A．Sorry, I’m busy B．No problem C．No way D．Never mind 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$