03高中英语阅读理解能力提升人与社会之社会服务与人际沟通类-备战2025年高考

03高中英语阅读理解能力提升人与社会之社会服务与人际沟通类 目录 最新考情分析 解题技巧 典例解读 高考再现 最新考情分析 选材特点 来源广泛：多选自英语国家主流媒体，如《The New York Times》等，语言地道、真实，具有很强的时代感和实用性，涵盖社会热点、文化现象、公益事业、志愿服务、人际交往等多方面。 体裁丰富：以说明文、应用文和记叙文为主。说明文如介绍社会服务项目的具体内容、实施方式和意义等；应用文如招聘志愿者的广告、社区活动通知等；记叙文则常通过讲述个人在社会服务或人际沟通中的经历和感悟来传达主题。 题型分布 细节理解题为主：通常会有 6-10 题左右，重点考查学生对文章中具体信息的捕捉和理解能力，如人物、事件、时间、地点、原因等。例如在介绍志愿者活动的文章中，可能会问到活动的具体时间、地点、参与要求等。 推理判断题次之：设有 3-6 题，要求学生根据文章中的细节、逻辑关系以及自身的知识储备和生活经验，对文章未明确表达的内容进行推理和判断，如人物的观点、态度、意图，事件的发展趋势等。比如从文中对某一社会服务项目的描述，推断其可能产生的影响或未来的发展方向。 主旨大意题和推测词义题相对较少：主旨大意题一般有 1-2 题，主要考查学生对文章整体内容的概括和理解能力，需要学生能够准确把握文章的中心思想；推测词义题同样有 1-2 题，要求学生根据上下文语境猜测文中生词或短语的意思。 能力要求 语言能力：词汇量要求较大，不仅包括基础词汇，还涉及部分高级词汇和短语。语法考查全面，学生需要准确理解从句、非谓语动词等复杂语法结构，以便更好地理解句子和文章的含义。同时，还注重考查学生对不同体裁和题材文章的阅读速度和理解能力。 思维能力：需要学生具备较强的逻辑思维能力，能够理解文章中的因果关系、对比关系、递进关系等；具备归纳概括能力，能够对文章的主要内容和段落大意进行总结；具备批判性思维能力，能够对文章中的观点和陈述进行分析和评价，并提出自己的看法。 文化意识和价值取向：强调对不同文化背景下的社会服务和人际沟通方式的理解和尊重，引导学生树立正确的价值观和社会责任感，如关注弱势群体、积极参与公益活动、尊重他人等。 备考建议 积累词汇和短语：扩大词汇量是提高阅读理解能力的基础，学生可以通过阅读英语文章、背诵单词书、使用词汇记忆软件等方式积累词汇和短语，并注意一词多义、熟词生义等现象。 加强阅读训练：多读不同体裁和题材的英语文章，提高阅读速度和理解能力。可以选择历年高考真题、模拟题、英语报纸、杂志等作为阅读材料，并进行限时阅读训练，培养快速获取信息和准确理解文章的能力。 掌握阅读技巧：学会运用各种阅读技巧，如略读、扫读、精读、猜词等，提高阅读效率和答题准确率。例如，略读文章标题、首尾段和每段首句，了解文章大意；扫读文章，寻找与题目相关的关键信息；精读文章中的重点段落和句子，理解细节和深层次含义；根据上下文语境猜测生词的意思。 关注社会热点和文化现象：了解国内外的社会热点问题、文化现象和公益事业等，拓宽知识面和视野，增强对相关话题的理解和敏感度，以便更好地理解和解答阅读理解中的相关题目。 提高思维能力：在阅读过程中，注重培养逻辑思维、归纳概括和批判性思维能力。可以通过分析文章的结构、段落之间的关系、作者的观点和论证方法等，提高思维能力和分析问题的能力。 进行模拟考试和错题分析：定期进行模拟考试，熟悉考试题型和命题规律，掌握答题时间和节奏。考试后，认真分析错题，找出自己的薄弱环节和不足之处，有针对性地进行复习和强化训练。 阅读理解解题技巧 先读题干，明确问题类型和重点 在阅读文章之前，仔细阅读题干。如果题干是关于社会服务项目的具体内容，比如 “文中提到的社区志愿服务主要包括哪些活动？”，那么你在阅读文章时就要重点关注对服务活动的描述部分。 确定问题类型，是细节理解题、主旨大意题、推理判断题还是词义猜测题。例如，对于细节理解题，你需要在文中找到对应的细节信息；主旨大意题则要求你把握文章整体是在讲一个社会服务组织的发展、社会服务的重要性还是具体服务的实施情况等。 阅读文章，抓住关键信息 寻找主题句：在社会服务类文章中，主题句往往出现在开头或结尾。例如，文章开头可能会介绍 “随着社会的发展，越来越多的人参与到环保志愿服务中，这些活动对改善城市环境起到了巨大的作用”，这就是主题句，明确了文章是围绕环保志愿服务及其作用展开的。 关注服务细节：注意文中对社会服务的具体对象、方式、时间、地点等细节的描述。比如文章提到 “每周志愿者们会在社区中心为老年人提供免费的医疗检查服务，包括测量血压、血糖等项目”，这些细节可能会在细节理解题中出现。 留意数据和案例：如果文章中有数据（如 “有超过 80% 的居民从社区免费图书借阅服务中受益”）或具体案例（“一位贫困山区的孩子在支教老师的帮助下，成绩有了显著提高”），这些通常是为了支持文章观点或者说明社会服务的成果，在答题时可能会用到。 答题策略 细节理解题 可以先根据题干中的关键词（如人名、地名、服务项目名称等）在文中定位相关句子。例如，题干问 “文中提到的流浪动物救助站的地址在哪里？”，你就需要在文中找到关于救助站位置的句子。 对比选项和原文内容，注意选项中是否有偷换概念、扩大或缩小范围等错误。比如原文说 “救助站位于城市东郊的一个废弃工厂内”，选项如果写成 “救助站在城市中心的废弃工厂内” 就是错误的。 主旨大意题 综合考虑文章的开头、结尾和各段落的主题句。如果文章是总分总的结构，开头提出社会服务的重要性，中间列举不同的服务项目，结尾总结这些服务对社会的积极影响，那么主旨大意可能就是社会服务的多种形式及其积极意义。 排除过于片面或偏离主题的选项。比如文章主要讲的是多种社会服务综合作用，选项只提及了其中一种服务就不太合适。 推理判断题 根据文章中的线索进行合理推理。例如，文章提到 “某社区的青少年犯罪率在开展心理健康辅导服务后明显下降”，可以推理出心理健康辅导对预防青少年犯罪有积极作用。 不要过度推理，推理内容要基于文章所提供的信息。比如不能因为文中提到志愿者帮助贫困家庭改善生活，就推断志愿者会给贫困家庭提供大量金钱资助，除非文中有明确表述。 词义猜测题 根据上下文来猜测词义。如果文中出现 “这个慈善组织主要从事 alleviate 贫困的工作，通过提供食物、住所和教育机会等方式帮助贫困人口”，结合后面的 “帮助贫困人口” 可以猜测 alleviate 可能是 “减轻、缓解” 的意思。 利用词根、词缀等知识辅助猜测。如果遇到陌生词，如 “philanthropic”，知道 “phil - ” 有 “爱” 的意思，“ - anthro - ” 有 “人” 的意思，大概可以猜测这个词和 “爱人类、慈善” 有关。 典例解读 （一） （江苏省盐城市八校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期期末英语试卷）So many of us hold on to little resentments (仇怨) from an argument, a misunderstanding, or some other painful event. We wait for someone else to reach out to us ― believing this is the only way we can forgive or rebuild a friendship or family relationship. A friend of mine whose health isn’t very good, recently told me that she hasn’t spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn’t speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she resisted at first, “I can’t do that. He’s the one who should apologize.” She was willing to die before reaching out to her only son. After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and sincerely said sorry to her. As is usually the case when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins. Whenever we hold on to our anger we turn “small thing” into “big thing” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn’t mean that you’re wrong. Everything will be fine. You’ll experience the peace of letting go as well as the joy of letting others be right. You’ll also notice that as you reach out and let others be “right” they will become less defensive (戒备的) and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But if for some reason they don’t that’s okay too. You will have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world and certainly you’ll be more peaceful yourself. 1．What does the underlined word “resisted” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Regretted B．Refused. C．Recalled. D．Reminded 2．What happened to the author’s friend after she called her son? A．She realized her mistakes. B．She lost the battle and died. C．She received her son’s apology. D．She was encouraged by the author. 3．What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Holding on to the right position leads to resentments. B．Turning small thing into big one will make a difference. C．Being peaceful is more important than being right in disagreement. D．To avoid arguments and misunderstandings means seeking for happiness. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell the readers to reach out first. B．To instruct the readers how to apologize. C．To teach the readers how to gain inner peace. D．To inform the readers the importance of peace. （二） （2024·浙江·模拟预测）They got ready for parties and shared countless laughs as freshmen in the dormitories of the University of Maryland. They bonded over being black women at a university where, in 1971, only 4% of the students was black. Friends called the tight-knit group of women Sugar Hill, and the name sustained. But that wasn’t the end of the friend group. For the past 50 years, the women have met at least once a year for dinners, sleepovers and vacations. The 16 women of the Sugar Hill Sisterhood, as they now call themselves, have leaned on one another through decades of milestones: weddings and graduations, baby showers and funerals. “There’s no challenge too big for the sisterhood,” says Everene Turner, a member of the team, “I could call in the troops in a minute.” While many people have friendships that span decades, the women of Sugar Hill are something of a case study in what it takes to maintain them. Although the bond among them was forged during college, they’ve worked hard to stay connected and nurture their relationships. A group chat helps them stay in touch daily, as do phone calls, video chats and remote group activities like a 90-day fitness challenge. They are committed to their annual reunions and have maintained unwavering support for one another. In the late 1970s, one of the group members, Dawkins whose boyfriend died in a car accident, was mourning the loss when another Sugar Hill sister persuaded Dawkins to live with her. They stayed roommates for the next few years. Dawkins says, “Time and friends are two things that become more valuable the older you get.” Their group name has become part of their identity and now extends to family members. The friends support one another’s children and grandchildren, and the children of the sisterhood also spend time together. “It’s a great feeling knowing that we’ve passed the Sugar Hill legacy to our offspring and they are passing it down to their offspring,” Jonetta says. And before Dawkins got married in 1985, Jonetta’s husband joked to her fiance that his commitment would extend beyond Dawkins, “Just make sure you want to do this — you’re marrying her, but you’re marrying 15 other sisters as well.” 5．What do we know about the women of the Sugar Hill? A．They were enthusiasts of parties. B．They graduated from university in 1971. C．They came from different racial backgrounds. D．They developed a tight-knit relationship at university. 6．What can be inferred from Everene Turner’s words in paragraph 2? A．She has a pack of soldiers to back her up. B．They have never encountered big problems. C．They can unite as a whole whenever they are needed. D．She can help make emergency calls when help is needed. 7．According to the text, how do the women probably think of maintaining a distance relationship? A．It presents challenges but is rewarding. B．It takes equal investment among them. C．In-person interaction is unnecessary with telecommunication. D．Physical distance increases their appreciation for the time spent together. 8．What is the writing purpose of the text? A．To demonstrate women’s power. B．To illustrate the significance of friendship. C．To share a sisterhood that lasts a life time. D．To entertain readers with an unusual anecdote. （三） （24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）I loved to argue. My fixation on being right had been a mainstay in my life and had often stirred up trouble in my family; there were moments when my marriage became strained and my kids grew distant. The longest fight I had was with my parents, and it dragged on for nearly a year. My habit seemed immortal. Until an afternoon with my granddaughter opened my eyes to the impact my behaviour was having on the people around me. We were playing a board game when she made a move that broke the rules. I corrected her, but she ended up making the same mistake again. I read the rules out loud and asked if she got it this time. She smiled at me and shook her head. “Grandpa, why are you so stubborn?” she asked. “It’s just a game. We’ re here to have fun, aren’t we?” Something about her words really hit home. We weren’t there to be right, we were there to enjoy ourselves — how to move the pieces was merely a backdrop. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared. A few days later, my son came over for dinner. During the meal, he shared a viewpoint that struck me as baseless. Typically, I would have launched myself headfirst into a heated debate with him. But this time, as I parted my lips to respond, I found myself popping a forkful of pie into my mouth instead, enjoying it quietly. My tolerance surprised me, but what really took my breath away as I listened to him was a newfound desire to understand him. This experience brought me a joy that far surpassed (超出) the fleeting satisfaction of winning an argument. In hindsight (事后想), my drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. By letting go, I gained way more than I ever did by pushing back. Now I recognise that arguing at the dinner table is much like deciding to drink an extra cup of coffee. It is a matter of self-discipline. I had always understood this concept in theory, but it took a seven-year-old’s intervention for me to apply it. 9．What did the author’s passion for argument contribute to? A．Damaged relationship. B．Moral development. C．Troublesome children. D．Bittersweet marriage. 10．What did the author learn from his granddaughter’s words? A．Good habits were hard to develop. B．Rules didn’t work in a board game. C．Adults were more serious than kids. D．Connection was more vital than right. 11．What surprised the author most during the dinner? A．The awareness of tolerance. B．The flavour of the tasty food. C．The brief joy from winning. D．The urge to understand others. 12．Why does the author mention an extra cup of tea? A．To spread a complex concept. B．To highlight the need for truth. C．To identify the root of his habit. D．To compare two daily activities. （四） （2025·广东·一模）Ryan is a young individual of commendable character, consistently achieving stellar academic results, demonstrating proficiency in the sport of lacrosse, and enjoying widespread admiration. Consequently, Jennifer and her spouse perceived no evident reason to withhold an Instagram account from their son, who was in the sixth grade, until Ryan posted an image of himself grasping an empty beer bottle that his father had just drained. “My husband observed the photograph materialize on Ryan’s profile and promptly ascended the stairs, insisting that he remove it without delay,” Jennifer narrates. “I surmise that my son did not grasp the severity of the impression his picture conveyed. He was endeavoring to be humorous, yet he is still in the sixth grade! Even if he was simply posing, that image was exceedingly inappropriate.” With the burgeoning popularity of the photo-sharing platform Instagram, it is not uncommon for parents to cultivate a misplaced sense of security. Unlike Facebook or Twitter, which encompass a more extensive array of content, Instagram is predominantly dedicated to the posting of images. Coupled with the age requirement of 13 and its privacy settings, it appears to be an almost innocuous site for children. How much mischief could they conceivably cause? However, this is not the actuality. Surprisingly, some youngsters are resorting to paying for attention on social media. When Paula Pryor detected an enigmatic charge of $700 on her credit card, the last thing she anticipated was that it was a payment to a company that facilitated the acquisition of “likes” for Instagram photographs. “My son Hayden believed it was merely ten dollars, but it was ten dollars per ‘like’,” Pryor elucidates. Often, the cause for concern is not one's own adolescent—it’s someone else’s child. Megan Koster was perplexed as to why her daughter Delaney suddenly became so apprehensive about whether her panty line was discernible through her jeans. Eventually, Delaney disclosed that she was worried someone might capture a photograph and post it on Instagram. “I don't think I would have survived middle school if websites like this had existed back then,” Koster laments. 13．What made Jennifer think her son Ryan could have an Instagram account？ A．He gained popularity in school. B．He was skilled at using Instagram. C．He showed interest in taking photos. D．He was old enough and behaved well. 14．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to？ A．Instagram accounts. B．Social media. C．Pictures. D．Children. 15．Why did Pryor’s son pay the company ＄700？ A．To obtain the picture he liked. B．To pay attention to social media. C．To get his photos noticed and liked. D．To pay the charge on his credit card. 16．What’s the text mainly about？ A．Teen's problems with Instagram. B．Inappropriate pictures from children. C．The influence of the Internet on young users. D．Concerns for the Internet security for children. 真题再现 （2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·高考真题）By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside  the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music  when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to  help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.” 17．What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A．Read music. B．Play the piano. C．Sing songs. D．Fix the instruments. 18．Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage? A．Boring. B．Well-paid. C．Demanding. D．Dangerous. 19．What does Titterton need to practise? A．Counting the pages. B．Recognizing the “nodding”. C．Catching falling objects. D．Performing in his own style. 20．Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worst page turner”? A．He has very poor eyesight. B．He ignores the audience. C．He has no interest in music. D．He forgets to do his job. （二） （2022·浙江·高考真题）Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language. Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be fluent in two languages. In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. 21．What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn? A．Time passed quickly. B．English was hard to learn. C．The food was terrible. D．People were very different. 22．Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．An Italian teacher. B．A government official. C．The author herself. D．The author’s classmate. 23．How did the summer job benefit the author? A．It strengthened her love for school. B．It helped sharpen her sense of direction. C．It opened her eyes to the real world. D．It made her childhood dream come true. （三） （2008·全国·高考真题）Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive (欺骗) ? When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture. For example , some might say, "I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票) . It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars! " This guy's a winner , right?  Maybe , maybe not. We then discover that he bought  $200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner. He's really a big loser! He didn't say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That's called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest. Some politicians often use this trick. Let's say that during Governor Smith's last term,her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents (对手) says, " During Govemor Smith's term, the state lost one million jobs ! " That's true. However, an honest statement would  have been , " During Govemor Smith's term , the state had a <u>net gain </u>of two million jobs. " Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half-truths. It's against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might say, " Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache. " It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company. This kind of deception happens too often. lt's a sad fact of life :Lies are lies , and sometimes the truth can lie as well. 24．How much did the lottery winner lose? A．One hundred dollars. B．Two hundred dollars. C．Three hundred dollars. D．Four hundred dollars. 25．We may infer that the author believes people should___________. A．buy lottery tickets B．not take anything at face value C．make use of half-truths D．not trust the Yucky Company 26．What do the underlined words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Total saving. B．Big advantage. C．Large share. D．Final increase. 27．What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement? A．False statements are easy to see through. B．Advertisements are based on facts. C．Half-truths are often used to mislead people. D．Doctors like to act in advertisement. （四） （2023·北京·高考真题）The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good. To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺). 4-Week Learning Sprint The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic﹣specific reflection task. The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28. After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. Requirements for the Applicants •You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint. •You have completed your high school studies. •You have at least one year of work experience. •You have strong public speaking skills. •You are self-motivated and committed. •You are passionate about creating positive change in your community. •You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴). •You are able to work with people from different backgrounds. 28．In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________. A．create change in their community B．attend a virtual learning programme C．meet people from different backgrounds D．promote the IOC Young Leaders project 29．If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________. A．complete a reflection task each week B．watch sports on the IOC channel C．work on a sport-based project D．coach and advise their peers 30．Which is a requirement for the applicants? A．Spreading the message of sport for good. B．Having at least one-year work experience. C．Showing great passion for project planning. D．Committing themselves to becoming an expert. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 03高中英语阅读理解能力提升人与社会之社会服务与人际沟通类 目录 最新考情分析 解题技巧 典例解读 高考再现 最新考情分析 选材特点 来源广泛：多选自英语国家主流媒体，如《The New York Times》等，语言地道、真实，具有很强的时代感和实用性，涵盖社会热点、文化现象、公益事业、志愿服务、人际交往等多方面。 体裁丰富：以说明文、应用文和记叙文为主。说明文如介绍社会服务项目的具体内容、实施方式和意义等；应用文如招聘志愿者的广告、社区活动通知等；记叙文则常通过讲述个人在社会服务或人际沟通中的经历和感悟来传达主题。 题型分布 细节理解题为主：通常会有 6-10 题左右，重点考查学生对文章中具体信息的捕捉和理解能力，如人物、事件、时间、地点、原因等。例如在介绍志愿者活动的文章中，可能会问到活动的具体时间、地点、参与要求等。 推理判断题次之：设有 3-6 题，要求学生根据文章中的细节、逻辑关系以及自身的知识储备和生活经验，对文章未明确表达的内容进行推理和判断，如人物的观点、态度、意图，事件的发展趋势等。比如从文中对某一社会服务项目的描述，推断其可能产生的影响或未来的发展方向。 主旨大意题和推测词义题相对较少：主旨大意题一般有 1-2 题，主要考查学生对文章整体内容的概括和理解能力，需要学生能够准确把握文章的中心思想；推测词义题同样有 1-2 题，要求学生根据上下文语境猜测文中生词或短语的意思。 能力要求 语言能力：词汇量要求较大，不仅包括基础词汇，还涉及部分高级词汇和短语。语法考查全面，学生需要准确理解从句、非谓语动词等复杂语法结构，以便更好地理解句子和文章的含义。同时，还注重考查学生对不同体裁和题材文章的阅读速度和理解能力。 思维能力：需要学生具备较强的逻辑思维能力，能够理解文章中的因果关系、对比关系、递进关系等；具备归纳概括能力，能够对文章的主要内容和段落大意进行总结；具备批判性思维能力，能够对文章中的观点和陈述进行分析和评价，并提出自己的看法。 文化意识和价值取向：强调对不同文化背景下的社会服务和人际沟通方式的理解和尊重，引导学生树立正确的价值观和社会责任感，如关注弱势群体、积极参与公益活动、尊重他人等。 备考建议 积累词汇和短语：扩大词汇量是提高阅读理解能力的基础，学生可以通过阅读英语文章、背诵单词书、使用词汇记忆软件等方式积累词汇和短语，并注意一词多义、熟词生义等现象。 加强阅读训练：多读不同体裁和题材的英语文章，提高阅读速度和理解能力。可以选择历年高考真题、模拟题、英语报纸、杂志等作为阅读材料，并进行限时阅读训练，培养快速获取信息和准确理解文章的能力。 掌握阅读技巧：学会运用各种阅读技巧，如略读、扫读、精读、猜词等，提高阅读效率和答题准确率。例如，略读文章标题、首尾段和每段首句，了解文章大意；扫读文章，寻找与题目相关的关键信息；精读文章中的重点段落和句子，理解细节和深层次含义；根据上下文语境猜测生词的意思。 关注社会热点和文化现象：了解国内外的社会热点问题、文化现象和公益事业等，拓宽知识面和视野，增强对相关话题的理解和敏感度，以便更好地理解和解答阅读理解中的相关题目。 提高思维能力：在阅读过程中，注重培养逻辑思维、归纳概括和批判性思维能力。可以通过分析文章的结构、段落之间的关系、作者的观点和论证方法等，提高思维能力和分析问题的能力。 进行模拟考试和错题分析：定期进行模拟考试，熟悉考试题型和命题规律，掌握答题时间和节奏。考试后，认真分析错题，找出自己的薄弱环节和不足之处，有针对性地进行复习和强化训练。 阅读理解解题技巧 先读题干，明确问题类型和重点 在阅读文章之前，仔细阅读题干。如果题干是关于社会服务项目的具体内容，比如 “文中提到的社区志愿服务主要包括哪些活动？”，那么你在阅读文章时就要重点关注对服务活动的描述部分。 确定问题类型，是细节理解题、主旨大意题、推理判断题还是词义猜测题。例如，对于细节理解题，你需要在文中找到对应的细节信息；主旨大意题则要求你把握文章整体是在讲一个社会服务组织的发展、社会服务的重要性还是具体服务的实施情况等。 阅读文章，抓住关键信息 寻找主题句：在社会服务类文章中，主题句往往出现在开头或结尾。例如，文章开头可能会介绍 “随着社会的发展，越来越多的人参与到环保志愿服务中，这些活动对改善城市环境起到了巨大的作用”，这就是主题句，明确了文章是围绕环保志愿服务及其作用展开的。 关注服务细节：注意文中对社会服务的具体对象、方式、时间、地点等细节的描述。比如文章提到 “每周志愿者们会在社区中心为老年人提供免费的医疗检查服务，包括测量血压、血糖等项目”，这些细节可能会在细节理解题中出现。 留意数据和案例：如果文章中有数据（如 “有超过 80% 的居民从社区免费图书借阅服务中受益”）或具体案例（“一位贫困山区的孩子在支教老师的帮助下，成绩有了显著提高”），这些通常是为了支持文章观点或者说明社会服务的成果，在答题时可能会用到。 答题策略 细节理解题 可以先根据题干中的关键词（如人名、地名、服务项目名称等）在文中定位相关句子。例如，题干问 “文中提到的流浪动物救助站的地址在哪里？”，你就需要在文中找到关于救助站位置的句子。 对比选项和原文内容，注意选项中是否有偷换概念、扩大或缩小范围等错误。比如原文说 “救助站位于城市东郊的一个废弃工厂内”，选项如果写成 “救助站在城市中心的废弃工厂内” 就是错误的。 主旨大意题 综合考虑文章的开头、结尾和各段落的主题句。如果文章是总分总的结构，开头提出社会服务的重要性，中间列举不同的服务项目，结尾总结这些服务对社会的积极影响，那么主旨大意可能就是社会服务的多种形式及其积极意义。 排除过于片面或偏离主题的选项。比如文章主要讲的是多种社会服务综合作用，选项只提及了其中一种服务就不太合适。 推理判断题 根据文章中的线索进行合理推理。例如，文章提到 “某社区的青少年犯罪率在开展心理健康辅导服务后明显下降”，可以推理出心理健康辅导对预防青少年犯罪有积极作用。 不要过度推理，推理内容要基于文章所提供的信息。比如不能因为文中提到志愿者帮助贫困家庭改善生活，就推断志愿者会给贫困家庭提供大量金钱资助，除非文中有明确表述。 词义猜测题 根据上下文来猜测词义。如果文中出现 “这个慈善组织主要从事 alleviate 贫困的工作，通过提供食物、住所和教育机会等方式帮助贫困人口”，结合后面的 “帮助贫困人口” 可以猜测 alleviate 可能是 “减轻、缓解” 的意思。 利用词根、词缀等知识辅助猜测。如果遇到陌生词，如 “philanthropic”，知道 “phil - ” 有 “爱” 的意思，“ - anthro - ” 有 “人” 的意思，大概可以猜测这个词和 “爱人类、慈善” 有关。 典例解读 （一） （江苏省盐城市八校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期期末英语试卷）So many of us hold on to little resentments (仇怨) from an argument, a misunderstanding, or some other painful event. We wait for someone else to reach out to us ― believing this is the only way we can forgive or rebuild a friendship or family relationship. A friend of mine whose health isn’t very good, recently told me that she hasn’t spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn’t speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she resisted at first, “I can’t do that. He’s the one who should apologize.” She was willing to die before reaching out to her only son. After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and sincerely said sorry to her. As is usually the case when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins. Whenever we hold on to our anger we turn “small thing” into “big thing” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn’t mean that you’re wrong. Everything will be fine. You’ll experience the peace of letting go as well as the joy of letting others be right. You’ll also notice that as you reach out and let others be “right” they will become less defensive (戒备的) and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But if for some reason they don’t that’s okay too. You will have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world and certainly you’ll be more peaceful yourself. 1．What does the underlined word “resisted” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Regretted B．Refused. C．Recalled. D．Reminded 2．What happened to the author’s friend after she called her son? A．She realized her mistakes. B．She lost the battle and died. C．She received her son’s apology. D．She was encouraged by the author. 3．What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Holding on to the right position leads to resentments. B．Turning small thing into big one will make a difference. C．Being peaceful is more important than being right in disagreement. D．To avoid arguments and misunderstandings means seeking for happiness. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell the readers to reach out first. B．To instruct the readers how to apologize. C．To teach the readers how to gain inner peace. D．To inform the readers the importance of peace. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了主动化解矛盾的重要性，通过实例说明放下怨恨、率先伸出橄榄枝能带来内心的平静与关系的修复。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的“When I suggested that she be the one to reach out(当我建议她主动联系时)”可知，作者建议朋友主动联系儿子，结合下文的““I can’t do that. He’s the one who should apologize.”(“我不能这么做。他才是应该道歉的人。”)”可知，作者朋友觉得儿子是那个应该道歉的人，她不能主动联系儿子。由此可知，此处指的是她起初“拒绝”了作者，所以划线单词的意思与“拒绝”意义相近。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and sincerely said sorry to her.(然而，经过一番温柔的鼓励，她决定第一个主动联系儿子的人。令她惊讶的是，她的儿子很感激她愿意打电话给她，并真诚地向她道歉)”可知，作者朋友主动联系儿子后，儿子很感激并且真诚的道了歉。由此可知，作者朋友收到了她儿子的道歉。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right.(如果你想成为一个更平和的人，你必须明白，放手和主动接触意味着放下对错。让别人是对的)”可知，为了成为更平和的人，必须明白放手和主动联系的重要性。由此可知，在分歧中保持内心的平静比坚持自己是对的更为重要。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据首段中的“We wait for someone else to reach out to us ― believing this is the only way we can forgive or rebuild a friendship or family relationship.(我们等待别人主动让步——相信这是我们能够原谅或重建友谊或家庭关系的唯一途径)”可知，我们很多人在关系出现问题时，等待别人做出让步是解决矛盾的唯一途径，结合文章讲述作者朋友的故事以及对内心和平重要性的讨论可知，当关系出现裂痕时，主动联系是非常重要的，结合尾段中的“You will have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world and certainly you’ll be more peaceful yourself.(你会有一种内心的满足感，因为你知道自己已经尽了自己的一份力量来创造一个更有爱的世界，当然你自己也会变得更平和)”可知，主动联系不仅有助于创造一个更有爱的世界，也能使自己更加内心平和。由此推知，文章的目的在于告诉读者要主动迈出第一步去修复关系。故选A项。 （二） （2024·浙江·模拟预测）They got ready for parties and shared countless laughs as freshmen in the dormitories of the University of Maryland. They bonded over being black women at a university where, in 1971, only 4% of the students was black. Friends called the tight-knit group of women Sugar Hill, and the name sustained. But that wasn’t the end of the friend group. For the past 50 years, the women have met at least once a year for dinners, sleepovers and vacations. The 16 women of the Sugar Hill Sisterhood, as they now call themselves, have leaned on one another through decades of milestones: weddings and graduations, baby showers and funerals. “There’s no challenge too big for the sisterhood,” says Everene Turner, a member of the team, “I could call in the troops in a minute.” While many people have friendships that span decades, the women of Sugar Hill are something of a case study in what it takes to maintain them. Although the bond among them was forged during college, they’ve worked hard to stay connected and nurture their relationships. A group chat helps them stay in touch daily, as do phone calls, video chats and remote group activities like a 90-day fitness challenge. They are committed to their annual reunions and have maintained unwavering support for one another. In the late 1970s, one of the group members, Dawkins whose boyfriend died in a car accident, was mourning the loss when another Sugar Hill sister persuaded Dawkins to live with her. They stayed roommates for the next few years. Dawkins says, “Time and friends are two things that become more valuable the older you get.” Their group name has become part of their identity and now extends to family members. The friends support one another’s children and grandchildren, and the children of the sisterhood also spend time together. “It’s a great feeling knowing that we’ve passed the Sugar Hill legacy to our offspring and they are passing it down to their offspring,” Jonetta says. And before Dawkins got married in 1985, Jonetta’s husband joked to her fiance that his commitment would extend beyond Dawkins, “Just make sure you want to do this — you’re marrying her, but you’re marrying 15 other sisters as well.” 5．What do we know about the women of the Sugar Hill? A．They were enthusiasts of parties. B．They graduated from university in 1971. C．They came from different racial backgrounds. D．They developed a tight-knit relationship at university. 6．What can be inferred from Everene Turner’s words in paragraph 2? A．She has a pack of soldiers to back her up. B．They have never encountered big problems. C．They can unite as a whole whenever they are needed. D．She can help make emergency calls when help is needed. 7．According to the text, how do the women probably think of maintaining a distance relationship? A．It presents challenges but is rewarding. B．It takes equal investment among them. C．In-person interaction is unnecessary with telecommunication. D．Physical distance increases their appreciation for the time spent together. 8．What is the writing purpose of the text? A．To demonstrate women’s power. B．To illustrate the significance of friendship. C．To share a sisterhood that lasts a life time. D．To entertain readers with an unusual anecdote. 【答案】5．D 6．C 7．A 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群黑人女性组成姐妹团体的故事，她们在大学时期建立了深厚的友谊，并在过去50年中通过各种方式保持联系，互相支持，共同经历了人生的重要时刻，并将这种友谊传承给了下一代。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“They got ready for parties and shared countless laughs as freshmen in the dormitories of the University of Maryland. They bonded over being black women at a university where, in 1971, only 4% of the students was black. Friends called the tight-knit group of women Sugar Hill, and the name sustained. (她们在马里兰大学的新生宿舍里为派对做准备，分享了无数欢笑。1971年，在一所黑人学生只占4%的大学里，她们作为黑人女性团结在一起。朋友们称这个团结的女性团体为Sugar Hill，这个名字一直沿用至今)”可知，这个团体里的女性在大学时期建立了紧密关系。故选D项。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段中Everene Turner所说的话“There’s no challenge too big for the sisterhood (对姐妹们来说，没有什么挑战是不可能的)”和“I could call in the troops in a minute. (我可以马上叫队伍来)”可知，她认为她们能一起战胜任何挑战，而且如果有困难，可以立即为对方提供支持。由此可知，她们在需要时能够作为一个整体团结起来。故选C项。 7．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Although the bond among them was forged during college, they’ve worked hard to stay connected and nurture their relationships. A group chat helps them stay in touch daily, as do phone calls, video chats and remote group activities like a 90-day fitness challenge. They are committed to their annual reunions and have maintained unwavering support for one another. (虽然她们之间的纽带是在大学期间形成的，但她们一直努力保持联系并培养她们的关系。群聊可以帮助她们每天保持联系，电话、视频聊天和90天健身挑战一类的远程小组活动也可以。她们每年都会举行聚会，并坚定不移地相互支持)”和第四段中“Time and friends are two things that become more valuable the older you get. (随着年龄的增长，时间和朋友这两样东西变得越来越珍贵)”可知，她们一直为保持联系付出各种努力，而这份友谊随岁月流逝而越发弥足珍贵。因此，对她们而言，尽管维持远距离关系有挑战，但这是值得的。故选A项。 8．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Friends called the tight-knit group of women Sugar Hill, and the name sustained. (朋友们称这个团结的女性团体为Sugar Hill，这个名字一直沿用至今)”和最后一段中“Their group name has become part of their identity and now extends to family members. (她们的团体名称已经成为她们身份的一部分，现在延伸到家庭成员)”可知，文章讲述了Sugar Hill Sisterhood从大学时期到50年后的深厚友谊，强调了她们如何克服挑战并维持关系。因此，文章的目的应该是分享这段持续一生的姐妹情谊。故选C项。 （三） （24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）I loved to argue. My fixation on being right had been a mainstay in my life and had often stirred up trouble in my family; there were moments when my marriage became strained and my kids grew distant. The longest fight I had was with my parents, and it dragged on for nearly a year. My habit seemed immortal. Until an afternoon with my granddaughter opened my eyes to the impact my behaviour was having on the people around me. We were playing a board game when she made a move that broke the rules. I corrected her, but she ended up making the same mistake again. I read the rules out loud and asked if she got it this time. She smiled at me and shook her head. “Grandpa, why are you so stubborn?” she asked. “It’s just a game. We’ re here to have fun, aren’t we?” Something about her words really hit home. We weren’t there to be right, we were there to enjoy ourselves — how to move the pieces was merely a backdrop. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared. A few days later, my son came over for dinner. During the meal, he shared a viewpoint that struck me as baseless. Typically, I would have launched myself headfirst into a heated debate with him. But this time, as I parted my lips to respond, I found myself popping a forkful of pie into my mouth instead, enjoying it quietly. My tolerance surprised me, but what really took my breath away as I listened to him was a newfound desire to understand him. This experience brought me a joy that far surpassed (超出) the fleeting satisfaction of winning an argument. In hindsight (事后想), my drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. By letting go, I gained way more than I ever did by pushing back. Now I recognise that arguing at the dinner table is much like deciding to drink an extra cup of coffee. It is a matter of self-discipline. I had always understood this concept in theory, but it took a seven-year-old’s intervention for me to apply it. 9．What did the author’s passion for argument contribute to? A．Damaged relationship. B．Moral development. C．Troublesome children. D．Bittersweet marriage. 10．What did the author learn from his granddaughter’s words? A．Good habits were hard to develop. B．Rules didn’t work in a board game. C．Adults were more serious than kids. D．Connection was more vital than right. 11．What surprised the author most during the dinner? A．The awareness of tolerance. B．The flavour of the tasty food. C．The brief joy from winning. D．The urge to understand others. 12．Why does the author mention an extra cup of tea? A．To spread a complex concept. B．To highlight the need for truth. C．To identify the root of his habit. D．To compare two daily activities. 【答案】9．A 10．D 11．D 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从热衷于争论到学会宽容与理解的心路历程。文章通过描述作者与家人之间的争执，特别是与孙女的互动，以及后来对争论本质的反思，展现了作者个人成长和心态的转变。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My fixation on being right had been a mainstay in my life and had often stirred up trouble in my family; there were moments when my marriage became strained and my kids grew distant.(我执着于正确已经成为我生活中的支柱，并且经常在家里引起麻烦；有时我的婚姻变得紧张，孩子们也变得疏远。)”可知，作者热衷于争论导致了家庭关系的紧张，包括婚姻和与孩子的关系都受到了影响。由此可知，作者热衷于争论导致了受损的关系。故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We weren’t there to be right, we were there to enjoy ourselves — how to move the pieces was merely a backdrop. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared.(我们不是在那里为了争谁对谁错，我们是去那里享受自己——如何移动棋子只是背景。真正重要的是我们的纽带和我们共享的时刻。)”可知，作者从孙女的言语中领悟到，在玩乐中，人与人之间的联系和共享的时刻比争论谁对谁错更加重要。故选D。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But this time, as I parted my lips to respond, I found myself popping a forkful of pie into my mouth instead, enjoying it quietly. My tolerance surprised me, but what really took my breath away as I listened to him was a newfound desire to understand him.(但这次，当我张开嘴准备回答时，我发现自己反而把一勺馅饼送进了嘴里，静静地享受着。我的宽容让我感到惊讶，但当我听他说话时，真正让我震惊的是一种新发现的想要理解他的渴望。)”可知，作者在晚餐时最惊讶的是自己产生了一种想要理解他人的新渴望，这种渴望超越了以往的争论和反驳。故选D。 12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In hindsight, my drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. By letting go, I gained way more than I ever did by pushing back. Now I recognise that arguing at the dinner table is much like deciding to drink an extra cup of coffee. It is a matter of self-discipline.(事后想来，我争胜的欲望其实并不是为了寻求真理，而是为了显示我比其他人更优秀。通过放手，我获得的远比我反抗时要多。现在我认识到，在餐桌上争论就像决定再喝一杯咖啡一样，都是自律的问题。)”可知，作者提到额外的一杯咖啡是为了类比自己在餐桌上的争论行为，指出这两者都是自律的问题，从而揭示了自己争论习惯的根源在于缺乏自律。故选C。 （四） （2025·广东·一模）Ryan is a young individual of commendable character, consistently achieving stellar academic results, demonstrating proficiency in the sport of lacrosse, and enjoying widespread admiration. Consequently, Jennifer and her spouse perceived no evident reason to withhold an Instagram account from their son, who was in the sixth grade, until Ryan posted an image of himself grasping an empty beer bottle that his father had just drained. “My husband observed the photograph materialize on Ryan’s profile and promptly ascended the stairs, insisting that he remove it without delay,” Jennifer narrates. “I surmise that my son did not grasp the severity of the impression his picture conveyed. He was endeavoring to be humorous, yet he is still in the sixth grade! Even if he was simply posing, that image was exceedingly inappropriate.” With the burgeoning popularity of the photo-sharing platform Instagram, it is not uncommon for parents to cultivate a misplaced sense of security. Unlike Facebook or Twitter, which encompass a more extensive array of content, Instagram is predominantly dedicated to the posting of images. Coupled with the age requirement of 13 and its privacy settings, it appears to be an almost innocuous site for children. How much mischief could they conceivably cause? However, this is not the actuality. Surprisingly, some youngsters are resorting to paying for attention on social media. When Paula Pryor detected an enigmatic charge of $700 on her credit card, the last thing she anticipated was that it was a payment to a company that facilitated the acquisition of “likes” for Instagram photographs. “My son Hayden believed it was merely ten dollars, but it was ten dollars per ‘like’,” Pryor elucidates. Often, the cause for concern is not one's own adolescent—it’s someone else’s child. Megan Koster was perplexed as to why her daughter Delaney suddenly became so apprehensive about whether her panty line was discernible through her jeans. Eventually, Delaney disclosed that she was worried someone might capture a photograph and post it on Instagram. “I don't think I would have survived middle school if websites like this had existed back then,” Koster laments. 13．What made Jennifer think her son Ryan could have an Instagram account？ A．He gained popularity in school. B．He was skilled at using Instagram. C．He showed interest in taking photos. D．He was old enough and behaved well. 14．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to？ A．Instagram accounts. B．Social media. C．Pictures. D．Children. 15．Why did Pryor’s son pay the company ＄700？ A．To obtain the picture he liked. B．To pay attention to social media. C．To get his photos noticed and liked. D．To pay the charge on his credit card. 16．What’s the text mainly about？ A．Teen's problems with Instagram. B．Inappropriate pictures from children. C．The influence of the Internet on young users. D．Concerns for the Internet security for children. 【答案】13．D 14．A 15．C 16．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了青少年使用Instagram时出现的问题，如发布不恰当图片、购买关注等。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Ryan is a young individual of commendable character, consistently achieving stellar academic results, demonstrating proficiency in the sport of lacrosse, and enjoying widespread admiration. Consequently, Jennifer and her spouse perceived no evident reason to withhold an Instagram account from their son, who was in the sixth grade, until Ryan posted an image of himself grasping an empty beer bottle that his father had just drained.(Ryan是一个值得称赞的年轻人，一直取得优异的学业成绩，在长曲棍球运动中表现出熟练，并广受赞赏。因此，Jennifer和她的丈夫觉得没有明显的理由不让他们上六年级的儿子使用Instagram账号，直到Ryan发了一张自己拿着父亲刚喝干的空啤酒瓶的照片。)”可知，Jennifer认为Ryan表现良好，因此允许他拥有Instagram账户，故选D项。 14．词句猜测题。根据上文的句子“Unlike Facebook or Twitter, which encompass a more extensive array of content, Instagram is predominantly dedicated to the posting of images. Coupled with the age requirement of 13 and its privacy settings, it appears to be an almost innocuous site for children.( Facebook和Twitter的内容范围更广，而Instagram主要致力于发布图片。再加上13岁的年龄要求和它的隐私设置，它似乎是一个对儿童几乎无害的网站。)”可知，Instagram似乎是一个对儿童几乎无害的网站。再结合划线单词所在的句子“How much mischief could they conceivably cause?(他们能造成多大的伤害？)”可知，they指的是Instagram网站上的账户。故选A项。 15．细节理解题。根据第三段“Surprisingly, some youngsters are resorting to paying for attention on social media. When Paula Pryor detected an enigmatic charge of $700 on her credit card, the last thing she anticipated was that it was a payment to a company that facilitated the acquisition of "likes" for Instagram photographs. “My son Hayden believed it was merely ten dollars, but it was ten dollars per ‘like’,” Pryor elucidates. (令人惊讶的是，一些年轻人正在求助于社交媒体来吸引关注。当Paula Pryor发现自己的信用卡上有一笔神秘的700美元支出时，她万万没想到的是，这是一笔支付给一家帮助Instagram照片获得“赞”的公司的款项。普赖尔解释说：“我儿子Hayden以为只要10美元，但实际上每个‘赞’都要10美元。”)”可知，Pryor的儿子支付700美元是为了让他的照片获得关注和点赞。故选C项。 16．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了青少年使用Instagram时出现的问题，如发布不恰当图片、购买关注等。所以，A项“Teen’s problems with Instagram.(青少年与Instagram的问题。)”可以概况本文的主要内容。故选A。 真题再现 （2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·高考真题）By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside  the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music  when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to  help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.” 17．What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A．Read music. B．Play the piano. C．Sing songs. D．Fix the instruments. 18．Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage? A．Boring. B．Well-paid. C．Demanding. D．Dangerous. 19．What does Titterton need to practise? A．Counting the pages. B．Recognizing the “nodding”. C．Catching falling objects. D．Performing in his own style. 20．Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worst page turner”? A．He has very poor eyesight. B．He ignores the audience. C．He has no interest in music. D．He forgets to do his job. 【答案】17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情况。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，因为Titterton识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。 18．推理判断题。根据第三段“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧，所以Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。 19．细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要练习识别钢琴演奏者的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。 20．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。 （二） （2022·浙江·高考真题）Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language. Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be fluent in two languages. In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. 21．What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn? A．Time passed quickly. B．English was hard to learn. C．The food was terrible. D．People were very different. 22．Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．An Italian teacher. B．A government official. C．The author herself. D．The author’s classmate. 23．How did the summer job benefit the author? A．It strengthened her love for school. B．It helped sharpen her sense of direction. C．It opened her eyes to the real world. D．It made her childhood dream come true. 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。 22．推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。 （三） （2008·全国·高考真题）Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive (欺骗) ? When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture. For example , some might say, "I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票) . It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars! " This guy's a winner , right?  Maybe , maybe not. We then discover that he bought  $200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner. He's really a big loser! He didn't say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That's called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest. Some politicians often use this trick. Let's say that during Governor Smith's last term,her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents (对手) says, " During Govemor Smith's term, the state lost one million jobs ! " That's true. However, an honest statement would  have been , " During Govemor Smith's term , the state had a <u>net gain </u>of two million jobs. " Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half-truths. It's against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might say, " Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache. " It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company. This kind of deception happens too often. lt's a sad fact of life :Lies are lies , and sometimes the truth can lie as well. 24．How much did the lottery winner lose? A．One hundred dollars. B．Two hundred dollars. C．Three hundred dollars. D．Four hundred dollars. 25．We may infer that the author believes people should___________. A．buy lottery tickets B．not take anything at face value C．make use of half-truths D．not trust the Yucky Company 26．What do the underlined words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Total saving. B．Big advantage. C．Large share. D．Final increase. 27．What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement? A．False statements are easy to see through. B．Advertisements are based on facts. C．Half-truths are often used to mislead people. D．Doctors like to act in advertisement. 【答案】24．A 25．B 26．D 27．C 【分析】本文为议论文。你知道那些用真相骗人的人们吗？当某人告诉你某事是真的，但是略去了应在里面的重要信息，他能给你一个错误的图画。一些人、一些政客和一些广告商都会用真想说谎。谎言是谎言，有时真相也撒谎。 24．细节理解题。从文章第二、三段的I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票).和We then discover that he bought $200 worth of tickets可知这个中奖者买了200美元的彩票，赢了100美元，实际上他输了100美元，并不是真正的赢家，故选A。 25．推理判断题。文章通过几个例子最后得出结论This kind of deception happens too often. lt's a sad fact of life :Lies are lies , and sometimes the truth can lie as well.这种欺骗经常发生。这是生活中一个可悲的事实：谎言是谎言，有时真理也可以说谎，因此推断作者认为人们不应该只从事物的表面来看问题，接受表面上的价值。故选B。 26．词义猜测题。从第五段开始一句…her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. 可知她所在的州失去了一百万份工作，增加了三百万份工作，说明工作岗位最终增加了200万，因此画线部分意味着：最终增加。故选D。 27．推理判断题。第六段前两句 Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth.是本段的主题句，后面就是举例来说明Half-truths常被用来误导顾客，故选C。 （四） （2023·北京·高考真题）The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good. To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺). 4-Week Learning Sprint The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic﹣specific reflection task. The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28. After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. Requirements for the Applicants •You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint. •You have completed your high school studies. •You have at least one year of work experience. •You have strong public speaking skills. •You are self-motivated and committed. •You are passionate about creating positive change in your community. •You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴). •You are able to work with people from different backgrounds. 28．In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________. A．create change in their community B．attend a virtual learning programme C．meet people from different backgrounds D．promote the IOC Young Leaders project 29．If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________. A．complete a reflection task each week B．watch sports on the IOC channel C．work on a sport-based project D．coach and advise their peers 30．Which is a requirement for the applicants? A．Spreading the message of sport for good. B．Having at least one-year work experience. C．Showing great passion for project planning. D．Committing themselves to becoming an expert. 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。 28．细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. (为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划，将于2023年11月进行。这些会议可以现场观看，也可以在IOC频道播出后观看)”可知，在为期四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参加虚拟学习课程。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. (在成功完成为期4周的冲刺学习后，您需要提交一份以体育为基础的项目计划，如果您被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，您将参与其中)”可知，如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为基础的项目。故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Applicants部分中“You have at least one year of work experience. (你至少有一年的工作经验)”可知，对申请人的要求是至少一年工作经验。故选B。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$