陕西省西安市铁一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语试题

2024-2025-1高二年级期末考试 英语试卷 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段 对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小愿和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What is the weatherlike now? A.Cold. B.Cloudy. C.Rainy. 2.What are the speakers going to do! A.Buy some shoes. B.Take a trip. C.Change a bag. 3.What team will the woman probably join? A.The basketball team. B.The volleyball team. C.The baseball team. 4.What does the woman think of Emily? A.She is good at numbers. B.She needs to be clearer. C.She has speaking problems. 5.Where are the speakers probably? A.At home. B.At the police station. C.At the office. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项，标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6.What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Ticket seller and customer.B.Boss and secretary. C.Guide and tourist 7.When will the man leave for Paris? A.On March 9th. B.On March 11th. C.On March 24th. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.What is Jane's worst subjegt? A.History. B.Science. C.Math. 9.Who is Jane's teachet! A.Lara. B.Kim. C.Abby 10.What does Jane probably eat most? A.Hamburgers. B.Salads. C.Noodles 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11.What is the conversation mainly about? A.Fires. B.Movies. C.Trees. 12.When was the tirst law passed? A.n1977. B.In1995. C.In2001 13.Where does the man's brother work? A.In a theater. B.In the government. C.In a school. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14.How do the speakers feel ptobably? A.Excited. B.Scared. C.Nervous. 第1页（共8页） 15.Where will the man park his car? A.On the road. B.At a park. C.In yard. 16.what will the speakers probably dosirst? A.Eat dinner. B.Make some pictures. C.Park the car. 听下面段独白，回答以下小题。 17.When did Branson found his company Virgin? A.In the 1950s. B.In the 1960s. C.In the 1970s. 18.Why did Branson sell his music record business? A.To create a new record company. B.To keep his airline business running. C.To travel into space. 19.What is Branson's space tourism company called? A.V2. B.Virgin Galactic. C.Virgin Air. 20.What world record did Branson break in 1986? A.Crossing the Atlantic Ocean by bont. B.Crossing the Atlantic Ocean in a hot air balloon. C.Crossing the Pacific Ocean in a hot air baloon. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Elite Summer School Program for High School Students Harvard's Elite Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life.You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Elite Program students. The application for Summer 2024 is now open. Cost:$5,550+$75 application fee 2024 Session I:June 23-July 5,2024 2024 Session IⅡ：July7-19,2024 2024 Sessic0nΠ：July21-August2,2024 Who Can Participate in the Elite Program? Harvard's Elite Program is designed for mature,academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. Our Elite Program is open to risingquniors and seniors.To be qualified for Summer 2024,you must meet both of the following criteria: .Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026. Are at least 16 years old by June 22,2024,and will not tum 19 years old before July 31.2024. Important Deadlines: .Early Application and Priorny Financial Aid Deadline-January 10,2024 .Regular Application and Financial Aid Deadline-February 14,2024 ●Late Application Deadline一April10,2024 See the Elite Program Calendar for all important dates and deadlines. 21.Who can be the applicant for the Elite Program 2024? A.Lucy,14,with excellent academic pertormance. B.Jerry,16,expected to enter college in 2025. C.Tina,17,a college student with broad interests. 第2页（共8页） D.Tim,19,an office worker with motivation to learn. 22.When is Priority Financial Aid Applicationavailablo? A.Apil10,2024. B.February 14,2024. C.January9、2024. D.July23,2024. 23.Where is this text most likely from? A.A news report. B.A travel brochure. C.An academic paper. D.A college website. B Released on Aug 30,a three-episode web series titled Escape From the British Museum has gone viral online for its touching and innovative narrative ()The series follows the journey home of a Chinese jade teapot that has come to life as a girl.She runs away from the British Museum and comes across a Chinese journalist who helps the artifact retumn to China.The series,created by two Chinese vloggers,aims to raise broader awareness of Chinese artifacts that were stolen or looted.(from China and are displayed or stored in the British Museum. The video series echoes the Chinese people's call for the British Museum to return these Chinese artifacts. However,some UK media outlets said that the video series promotes nationalism.In fact,every country whose artifacts are displayed or stored in the British Museum wants them back.These countries,such as Greece, Nigeria and Sudan,have already issued their demands for the return of artifacts.It's fair enough to say these demands are snared.They can correct centuries-old wrongs by having the UK return artifacts to their rightful homes. An opinion in the UK newspaper The Telegraph said that if the British Museum gives back its collection of artifacts,then nationalism will win over humanity's common heritage.It also said that the artifacts were "lawfully acquired"by the UK.By "lawfully acquired",does the writer mean the artifacts were acquired with the "help"of machine guns and warships?Or does he mean that the cultural artifacts of African,Asian and American countries should be kept in the hands of looters,rather than in their land of origin? 24.What is the video series Escape from the British Museum mainly about? A.Cultural artifacts looted by the UK. B.Hidden dangers in the British Museum. C.The arguments about the British museum. D.The journey of a Chinese artifact coming home. 25.What does the video series aim to highlight? A.Protests against UK's nationalism. B.The beauty of Chinese cultural artifacts. C.The desire of stolen artifacts to be retumed. D.Efforts made by Chinese activists to get artifacts back. 26. What's the author's purpose in mentioning countries like Greece,Nigeria and Sudan? A.To show the UK did something wrong in the past. B.To stress China's demands are shared by many countrias. C.To emphasize former colonized countries have grown stronger. D.To highlight diverse artifacts are housed in the British Museum. 27.What is the author's attitude toward the opinion The Telegrapl A.It's totally unacceptable. It's a little bit reasonable. C.It lacks enough evidence. D.It shows the writer's ignorance. Last winter I enjoyed a brief adventure in Guatemala.Over a period of 12 days,I explored through the jungle to watch the sunrise and danced in the street during the holiday parade.But looking back on that trip, 第3页（共8页） what I remember most vividly is a New Year's Eve in Guatemala City,at a lifeless hotel.Rather than a countdown to midnight,I counted down the hours until my departure. Nothing special happened during that night.Rather,the big role this hotel plays in my memories can be explained by a psychological prineiple called the recency effect."The recency effect helps to account for our tendency to remember the ending parz of a sequence of events with far more clarity than the rest,"said Dr. Mary Poffenroth,a biopsychotogist.She says it arises from our short-term memory's inability to hold on to more than a small amount of information at once.So while there is no magic formula to create lovely travel memories,employing the recency effect can turn a good trip into an unforgettable one. Dr.Stephanie,a Neuroscientist,says that while you can strategically set off the recency effect at a trip's end,you may have multiple opportunities to create lasting memories all along the way by breaking it up into smaller chunks. Keep in mind that the recency effect can also be counterproductive."Ending an amazing trip with stressful flight delays,lost luggage or feeling unwell might be enough to overshadow the entire experience,resulting in remembering the trip as awful instead of joyful,"Stephanie said. To avoid disproportionately spotlighting the final days,Poffenroth has created a trick:She amplifies() earlier days in a trip to keep her memories well-rounded."I collect little bits that will remind me of that day:a subway ticket.a seashell,a cardboara drink with a pub's logo on it."Then,as she is packing on the last day,"I go through all my little found treasures and spend a few moments recalling each one,"she said."This gives me a sense of closure for that chapter of travel and makes the experience memorable." 28.How did the author feel about the New Year/s Eve in Guatemala City? A.It was bofing. B.It was ementful. C.It was relaxing. D.It was cheerful. 29.What do we know about the recency effeet from paragraph 2? A.It is oased on a psychological prnnciple. B.It is widely used to create lovely memories. C.It highlights the final part of a series of evehts. D.It makes up for the inability of short-term memory. 30.What does the underlined word"coumerproduotive"mean in paragraph 4? A.Be avoided to some extent. B.Be.applied extensively. C.Produce undesirable consequences. D.Pose unexpected challenges 31.According to Poffenroth,which of the following may help travelers have good memories? A.Share travel experiences. B.Recall the final days of a journey. C.Purchase as many souvenirs as possible.D.Purposely gather reminders of a jourey. D Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs,or even building a bomb,suggesting that preventing such AI"jailbreaks"is more difficult than it seems. Many publicly available large language models(LLMs),such as ChatGPT,have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination ()or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers-things they have leamed from humans via training data.But that hasn't stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections,known as"jailbreaks",making AI models disobey the rules. Now,Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process ot jailbreaks.They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona ()which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse.This process is called"persona modulation(调节)”. Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from 第4页（共8页） online conversations,and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs.By having the right conversation with a model,it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona,causing it to act differently. There is also an idea in AI circles,one yet to be proven,that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint (for a model to act that way.This potentially leaves the Al easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona."If you're forcing your model to be good persona,it somewhat understands what a bad persona is,"says Tagade. Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused,but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs."Like drugs,they also have side effects that need to be controlled,"she says. 32.What does the AI jailbreak refer to? A.The technique to break restrictions of Al models. B.The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models. C.The capability of AI models improving themselves. D.The process of AI models learning new information. 33.What can we know about the persona modulation? It can help AI models understand emotions. B.It prevents AI leaming via online conversations. C.It forces AI models to follow only good personas. D.It can make Al models take on a particular persona. 34.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph imply? The risks of LLMs can be ignored. B.We need to control the side effects of drugs. C.It's worthwhile to further explore LLMs. D.We should restrict the development of LLMs. 35.Which can be a suitable title for the text? A.LLMs:Illegal Learning Models B.LLMs:The Latest Advancement C.AI Jailbreaks:A New Challenge D.AI Jailbreaks:A Perfect Approach 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Overcoming Fear of Failure Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all?Or has fear of failure meant that subconsciously,you undermined (your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure?36 It's important to realize that in everything we do,there's always a chance that we'll fail. Facing that chance and embracing it give us a more rewarding life.Here are a few ways to reduce the fear of failing. Analyze all potential outcomes.37Remove that fear by considering all of the potential outcomes of your decision.You can map possible outcomes visually. Set small goals.Imagining how life will be after you've reached your goal is a great motivator to keep you moving forward.So start by setting a few small goals.8 Don't focus on the end picture.Just focus on the next step.Taking one small step at a time will help oun d your confidence,keep you moving towards your final goal. Learn to think more positively.Every coin has two sides.39 Learn to change your thoughts and focus more on the bright side of the situation,making you like yourself.Positive thinking is an incredibly powerful way to build self-confidence. 第5页（共8页） 40__In some cases,the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous(灾准性的)and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure.In other cases.however,this worst case may actually not be that bad,and recognizing this can help. A.Look at the worse-case situation. B.It is up to you to decide which one to look at. C.Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends. Many of us have probably experienced this at one time or another. E.If you are afraid of failure,you might be uncomfortable setting goals. F Many peopie experience fear of failure because they fear the unknown. G These should be goals that are slightly,but not overwhelmingly,challenging. 第三部分语言运用（共三节满分45分） 第一节（共25小题：每小题1分，满分25分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A man was driving when he found a lady needed help.So he stopped.When he was coming up to her,she was worried41 nobody had stopped for hours.Besides,he didn't look safe as his appearance was so ugly and42.He could see how scared she was,so he tried to calm her,"I am here to help you.Don't worry.wfy name is Bryan Anderson." The car43,so he had to crawl (under the car to repair it.When the job was done,she asked how much she should 44 him for his help.Bryan smiled,"If you really want to pay me back,the next time you see someone who needs help,45 the person help.And think of me." Several days later in a small 46,the lady saw a waitress nearly eight months pregnant ) The waitress gave her a friendly smile although she was47 after spending the whole day on her feet. Then the lady 48 Bryan.The lady paid for her meal with a $100.bill.When the waitress got change and came back,the lady had gone..She-42 a note on the napkin(餐巾s纸)，“You don't owe me 50.Somebody once helped me,just like now I'm helping you.If you really want to pay me back,don't let this chain of 51 end."The waitress found four more $100 bills under the napkin. That night the waitress came home earlier,wondering how the lady could know how much she and her husband needed money when the52would soon arrive.She knew her husband worried about that, so she was very 53 to tell him the news.Then she kissed him and 54,"Now everything will be all right.I love you,Bryan Anderson." The help you give to others shall always get back to you,so please don't55 to offer a helping hand whenever someone needs help. 41.A.s0 B.if C.as D.though 42.A.frightening B.shocking C.amusing D.interesting 43.A.got off B.broke doyn C.pulled over D.turned on 44.A.spend B.cost C.take D.pay 45.A.offer B.save C.support D.provide 46.A.hospital B.supermarket C.church D.restaurant 47.A.excited B.tired C.upset D.satisfied 48.A.met B.called C.remembered D.found 49.A.left B.wrote C.took D.threw 50.A.nothing B.anything C.something D:everything 51.A.love B.determination C.interest D.doubt 52.A.trouble B.baby C.customer D.bill 53.A.proud B.unwilling C.glad D.angry 第6页（共8页） 54.A.replied B.said C.shouted D.sighed 55.A.forget B.pretend C.try D.mind B 阅读下面短文，从每所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 "I knew when I saw you,I wanted to take you home,"my dad says to me.I am sitting beside him for our Saturday moming visit.While our conversation may repeat at times or be filled with silence,sometimes I get these56words. My father has Alzheimer''s disease(阿兹海默症).It has been a long time since he_57 me by my name.When he says these words,my tears58.There is a deep-seated 59 of a father seeing his daughter when she was bor.It makes me think of a rare photo I have of my father with me as a baby.In the photo,he is holding me,with arms outstretched as if inspecting me. Another Saturday,it happens again.He is looking at a photo of me in high school.He points to the photo and says,"She's smart.She can do anything."I am shocked.The emotion catches in my throat.Does he 60 the same person is sitting beside him?It does not61.In that moment I feel his love and it's a/an 62 of my pain. Our weekly visits repeat.We sit.I listen.He talks. The more I listen,the more I63that his words are tied to a memory from long ago.He may 64 to find a word but he finds a way to express himself.I am65 to be by his side when he says these unexpected words.He's giving me what he can. 56.A.simplified B.invaluable C.abnormal D.anxious 57.A.called B.taught C.contacted D.evaluated 58.A.summedup B.rolled over C.welled up D.ran'out 59.A.need B.memory C.dream D.intention 60.A.believe B.wonder C.found D.know 61.A.last B.appear C.work D.matter 62.A.relief B.reminder C.instance D.absence 63.A.expect B.imagine C.sense D.doubt 64.A.attempt B.hesitate C.forget D.struggle 65.A.grateful B.curious C.ashamed D.amused 第二节（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Macau,a pearl on the southern coast of China,is celebrating its 25th anniversary of returning to the motherland on December 20th,2024.66its retum in 1999,Macau has made significant progress under the"One Country,Two Systems"principle,maintaining its unique cultural identity while 67(integrate itself more closely with the Chinese mainland. Economically,Macau has seen a significant68(transform),with its GDP skyrocketing from MOP 51.9 billion in 1999 to nearly MOP 379.5 billion in 2023,marking it as one of Asia's 69 (wealthy)cities. This growth is attributed to the flourishing tourism and gaming industries70have brought substantial wealth to Macau and its residents. Culturally,Macau has thrived as a unique melting pot,which combines Eastern and Wester cultures.In the past 25 years,Macau has made great effort71(preserve)and promote its cultural heritage,and cultural prosperity has become one of the 72 (highlight)of Macau's development. Socially,the living standards of the people have been73(significant)improved.The government has invested heavily in education,healthcare,and housing.The investment in education 74(double)in the past decade,ensuring a well-educated population. In conclusion,Macau's success under the "One Country,Two Systems"principle is 75 第7页（共8页） splendid chapter,demonstrating its vitality and the far-sightedness of this great concept. 第三节基础知识（共10小题：每小题1分，湖分10分） 根据提示，填写恰当单词，每空一词。 76.Furthermore,oceans,which are"the hungs of our planet",provide most of the oxygen we (呼吸). 77.Troops took up a (防m的)position around the town.. 78.An (可铁选择)method is to use a fine spray from an atomizer. 79.Loss of mum's company. a shadow over his character development when he was young. 80.The promotion )to be a turning point when he recalled the final success of his career. 81.Successfully (persuade)David not to quit the cross-country race,I smiled with relief. 82.In this sense,the (adopt)of the innovation will greatly improve people'welfare. 83.Every time you feel (panic),you'd better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself. 84.Distinct from other girls,she had a strong passion for science and (commit)her whole life to scientific research. 85.Among varied recipes,Chinese exceptional cuisine (consist)of quantities of categories is popular all over the world. 第四部分写作（满分25分） The long-awaited summer vacation finally came,and I immediately headed for Grandpa's countryside home with excitement.I was looking forward to seeing Grandpa and playing with my best friend,Steve,his smart dog. Life in the countryside was great.I enjoyed Grandpa's tasty vegetable soup and had a lot of fun playing with Steve.We explored the woods,chased (birds,and tried fishing by the stream,laughing all the while. One day,Grandpa went to the farm to get fresh pumpkins and tomatoes for a big dinner.While waiting for him to come back,I felt a bit bored. "Steve,let's have some fun!"I declared,and with a wag (of his tail,he excitedly agreed. Our game of hide-and-seek filled the house with laughter."You can't catch me!"I laughed,hiding and running away from Steve.But Steve was so smart that he could always find me,whether in the bedroom or the cupboard. However,while we were having fun,something unexpected happened.Suddenly there was a loud crash in the living room,breaking the calm like a stone disturbing a quiet pond.It turned out that I accidentally knocked over a mirror while playing.The mirror,once neat and pretty on the table,was now broken pieces on the floor because of our playful game. My heart pounded as I looked at the mess.The wind blew through the open window,making the curtains waving in the wind,which upset me even more.I didn't know what to do with the broken mirror.Should I tell Grandpa or try to hide what had happened?I thought about it,and Steve lowered his ears.It seemed that he also realized that we had made a huge mistake."What should we do,Steve?"I asked quietly,trying to find comfort. It was a tough decision,and I felt really guilty.Admitting the mistake seemed hard. Suddenly I had an idea-maybe I could put the blame on Steve alone. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按如下格式在答愿卡的相应位凰作答。 When Grandpa returned and came in,he looked surprised when he saw the broken mirror. At dinner,the joy of having Grandpa's vegetable soup was now mixed with regret. 第8页（共8页）