内容正文:
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
重点单词,短语,句型,语法练习
重点单词变形
1.volcanic adj.火山的;由火山作用引起的→ n.火山
2.eruption n.爆发→ v.(火山,喷泉)喷发;(战争、感情等)爆发,突然发生
3.crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满人的→ n.人群,观众 v.挤满,聚集,涌进
4.living adj.活的,活着的→ v.活着,居住→ adj.活泼的,有生气的
5.shock vt.使震惊;使难以置信→ adj.感到震惊的→ adj.令人感到震惊的
6.interrupt vt.打断讲话→ n.打扰,中断
7.death n.死,死亡→ v.死亡→ adj.死的,无生命的
8.operation n.行动,活动;手术;操作→ v.手术;操作
9.suffering n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨→ v.遭受;受苦;患病
10.conduct vt.实施;进行;执行 vi.& vt.指挥→ n.(合唱队等)指挥
11.protection n.保护;防护→ v.保护;防护
12.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→ n.呼吸
13.dust n.灰尘;尘埃→ adj.满是灰尘的
14.survive vi. & vt.活下来;幸存→ n.幸存,幸存物→ n.幸存者
15.poetry n.诗歌;作诗的艺术→ n.诗→ n.诗人
16.frightened adj.受惊的,害怕的→ v.恐吓,威胁→ adj.令人感到害怕的
17.horrible adj.可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的→ adv.可怕地,恐怖地→ n.恐怖,惊恐
18.curious adj.好奇的→ adv.好奇地→ n.好奇,好奇心
19.observation n.观察;观察结果→ vt.观察→ n.观察者
20.equal adj.相等的;相同的→ adv.相等地,同样地→ n.相等,相同,平等
21.explorer n.探险者;勘察者→ vt.探究;探讨;探险→ n.探险;探索
22.preparation n.预备,准备→ vi. & vt.预备,准备
23.base n.基地,大本营;基础 vt.以……为基地→ adj.基本的,基础的
→ adv.基本上,大体上
24.anxiously adv.焦虑地;不安地→ adj.焦虑的,不安的→ n.焦虑
25.ambition n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿→ adj.有雄心的
26.cheerful adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的→ adv.兴高采烈地→ n.欢呼声 vt.欢呼,(使)振奋
27.distant adj.久远的;遥远的→ n.距离,远方
28.honesty n.坦诚;诚实,正直→ adj.诚实的,正直的→ adv.诚实地,坦白地
29.sincerity n.真诚,真挚,诚实→ adj.诚挚的,真诚的→ adv.真诚地,诚实地
30.bravery n.勇气;勇敢的行为→ adj.勇敢的,无畏的→ adv.英勇地,毅然地
一、语法填空
1.Chen Wangting, a 17th-century master of Chinese martial arts, developed tai chi (base) on martial arts skills.
2.If you expect to live with each other for the next few years and stil be in love, (honest) can get you into a great deal of trouble.
3.They’re (frighten) of losing power.
4.His quick thinking and courage ensured his (survive) in the face of danger.
5.Owing to the destruction of the roads, (救援) work was hard to carry out
6.Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and (dead), and everything else in between.
7.The custom-made dining table, (measure) 2 meters, in their dining room is elegantly designed.
8.John was travelling by ship to Europe when a (horror) storm came.
9.Effective (measure) should be taken to protect the environment.
10.It has caused terrible (suffer) to animals.
11.There were over 1,000 injuries and (die) in the flood.
12.The war has caused great damage and (suffer) for people in those countries.
13.The (operate) could prolong his life by two or three years.
14.The (frighten) child hugged his mother tightly.
15.Through the activity, I had a deeper understanding of sea (explore) and benefited a lot.
16.The widespread and serious (dry) in 2024 has had a great effect on crop yields.
17.Weigh the (lose) and gains, and make your decision. This is how you create priorities (优先处理的事) in your daily life.
18.It is true that during their (explore) they often faced difficulties and dangers.
19.It was a very experience and upon mentioning it, they still feel now. (frighten)
20.Only with the greatest of luck did she manage (escape) from the rising floodwater.
21.The teacher encourages students to keep their (curious) alive, as it helps them learn new knowledge.
22.My teacher organized a unit on space (explore) that really sparked my interest.
23.The place makes tourists explore something about the dynasty’s history, including (site) on the ancient Silk Road.
24.The time we spent together is now a (distance) memory. (根据首字母单词拼写)
25.In the adventure camp, we’ll learn (survive) skill. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
26.These (lecture) given by my professor made me realize the importance of a balanced life.
27.After continuous (attempt), he received (finance) support from the King and Queen of Spain.
28.Meanwhile, increasing global temperatures can have (disaster) consequences in other ways.
29.If these moments can make me smile, even with a sense of ( lose), what better home can I ask for?
30.He values (honest) beyond all things.
31.The raincoat gave her (protect) from the rain.
32.The information I got was rich and (vary), or even contradictory(相互矛盾的).
33.Mice and (deer) are good weather signs.
34.Howard Carter, a most famous explorer, was very bright and c about the world outside his home town.
35. (rescue) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution.
36. (trap) in the burning hotel, they felt terrified.
37.There will be designs that (gentle) push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice.
38.The government calls on people to avoid visiting (crowd) areas and medical institutions unless it is necessary.
39. (wave) hands is a polite way of greeting all over the world.
40.With everyone’s unified efforts, all the people trapped were (rescue) before noon.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sayram Lake, known as a pearl on the mountain, is the 41 (large) and highest alpine lake in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The lake lies in a mountain basin in the western part of Tianshan Mountain and 42 is the only way to Ili Prefecture.
In ancient China, the lake 43 (call) the “clean sea”. It is also known as the “Atlantic Ocean’s last teardrop”, because it is the farthest place 44 the warm and humid(潮湿的) air current of the Atlantic Ocean reaches.
45 (locate) 2,071 meters above sea level and measuring about 30 kilometers long and about 25 kilometers wide, the lake covers 46 area of 458 square kilometers. The main source of the lake is ground water, in addition to some snow and river water. The lake rises 47 3 to 5 centimeters every year with its area 48 (continue) to grow.
The water in the lake is clean and peaceful, 49 (attract) flocks of ducks and swans. Flourishing cedar(雪松) trees cover the whole mountain. Herds of horses and sheep graze on the grassland. The lake has become a top 50 (choose) for lovers to take wedding photos and spend their honeymoon.
阅读短文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Tijuca National Park in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is a must-visit when traveling to the city.
It was 51 (formal) established on July 6,1961, aiming to protect the delicate ecosystems. The park includes 52 was once heavily deforested land due to coffee plantations. The 53 (create) of it marked a crucial moment in Brazil's commitment 54 reversing (扭转) environmental worsening. Today, its winding trails, waterfalls and trees make it a vital green lung for Rio de Janeiro.
The Tijuca National Park, covering an area of about 3,200 hectares, stands as a remarkable example of a lush Atlantic rainforest situated within the city limits of Rio de Janeiro, which 55 (recognize) as one of the largest of its kind in the world.
Within Tijuca National Park, visitors can immerse themselves in the thick rainforest that houses hundreds of plant species, some of which 56 (be) unique to the region. Adventure seekers will find numerous recreational 57 (activity) such as rock climbing and hiking, while the park also serves an important role in environmental education through its guided tours and programs aimed at conservation awareness.
This park is closely linked to the well-being and prosperity of Rio de Janeiro, 58 (make) it one of its most cherished treasures. In recognition of its ecological importance, in2012, UNESCO declared it a Biosphere Reserve. Thanks to the preservation of this 59 (nature) space, the city’s tourism is encouraged, offering visitors 60 unique experience full of outdoor adventures.
二、单词拼写
61.Some (措施) are being taken to help the endangered animals by the government.
62.In 2019, the Mekong River experienced its lowest water level since records began because of (干旱).
63.Are you going (滑雪) with us tomorrow, Jackson?
64.Though it happened in the (遥远的) past, I can remember very clearly today.
65.The train was (被困于) underground by a fire.
66.Over 25 people drowned when a school bus tried to cross a river and (洪水) waters swept through.
67.Professor Eric will give us a wonderful (讲座) this Friday.
68.Life isn’t about how to (幸存); it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
69.A (鲸)was found washed up on the shore.
70.We won't start the work until all the (准备) have been made.
71.To some (程度), we all want to remember the good times and forget the bad ones.
72.She carefully (处理) her thoughts and ensures her words are well-considered.
73.Any (行为) that is likely to do harmto the public interests must not be permitted.
74.He is a (队长) who leads by example, and therefore well-respected.
75.The (损失) caused by the earthquake added to the difficulties of the local government.
三、完成句子
76.大风暴是一场灾难,许多动物因此面临灭绝的危险。
The big storm was a , and many animals are now facing because of it.
77.大风暴是一场灾难,许多动物因此面临灭绝。
The big storm was a , and many animals are now facing because of it.
78.不好意思告诉你,我快没精力了。我要休息一会。
I am sorry to tell you that my energy is . I want a break.
79.专家们调查研究了这个问题,实施了多次试验,提出了一个 如何保住那些建筑的方案。(动作链)
Experts the issue, several tests, and then made a for how the buildings could be saved.
80.委员会成立了,以减少对埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and cultural relics.
81.在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里,青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。
In a society being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes methods to quickly.
82.适当地使用肢体语言可以帮助你打破沟通障碍。
body language appropriately can help you communication barriers.
83.周日晚间突发一场可怕的大火,致使整栋大楼严重受损。
A terrible fire , leaving .
84.这项技术旨在打破沟通障碍,使人们更容易建立联系。
The technology is designed to in communication, making it easier for people to connect.
85.渐渐了解了我的新同桌之后,我发现她求知欲强、友好。
After getting to know my new deskmate, I her and .
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参考答案
1.volcanic adj.火山的;由火山作用引起的→volcano n.火山
2.eruption n.爆发→erupt v.(火山,喷泉)喷发;(战争、感情等)爆发,突然发生
3.crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满人的→crowd n.人群,观众 v.挤满,聚集,涌进
4.living adj.活的,活着的→live v.活着,居住→lively adj.活泼的,有生气的
5.shock vt.使震惊;使难以置信→shocked adj.感到震惊的→shocking adj.令人感到震惊的
6.interrupt vt.打断讲话→interruption n.打扰,中断
7.death n.死,死亡→die v.死亡→dead adj.死的,无生命的
8.operation n.行动,活动;手术;操作→operate v.手术;操作
9.suffering n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨→suffer v.遭受;受苦;患病
10.conduct vt.实施;进行;执行 vi.& vt.指挥→conductor n.(合唱队等)指挥
11.protection n.保护;防护→protect v.保护;防护
12.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸
13.dust n.灰尘;尘埃→dusty adj.满是灰尘的
14.survive vi. & vt.活下来;幸存→survival n.幸存,幸存物→survivor n.幸存者
15.poetry n.诗歌;作诗的艺术→poem n.诗→poet n.诗人
16.frightened adj.受惊的,害怕的→frighten v.恐吓,威胁→frightening adj.令人感到害怕的
17.horrible adj.可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的→horribly adv.可怕地,恐怖地→horror n.恐怖,惊恐
18.curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇,好奇心
19.observation n.观察;观察结果→observe vt.观察→observer n.观察者
20.equal adj.相等的;相同的→equally adv.相等地,同样地→equality n.相等,相同,平等
21.explorer n.探险者;勘察者→explore vt.探究;探讨;探险→exploration n.探险;探索
22.preparation n.预备,准备→prepare vi. & vt.预备,准备
23.base n.基地,大本营;基础 vt.以……为基地→basic adj.基本的,基础的→basically adv.基本上,大体上
24.anxiously adv.焦虑地;不安地→anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的→anxiety n.焦虑
25.ambition n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿→ambitious adj.有雄心的
26.cheerful adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的→cheerfully adv.兴高采烈地→cheer n.欢呼声 vt.欢呼,(使)振奋
27.distant adj.久远的;遥远的→distance n.距离,远方
28.honesty n.坦诚;诚实,正直→honest adj.诚实的,正直的→honestly adv.诚实地,坦白地
29.sincerity n.真诚,真挚,诚实→sincere adj.诚挚的,真诚的→sincerely adv.真诚地,诚实地
30.bravery n.勇气;勇敢的行为→brave adj.勇敢的,无畏的→bravely adv.英勇地,毅然地
1.based
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:17世纪的中国武术大师陈王廷发展了以武术技巧为基础的太极拳。此处非谓语动词base与tai chi构成逻辑被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填based。
2.honesty
【详解】考查名词。句意:如果你们希望在接下来的几年里和对方生活在一起,并且仍然相爱,诚实会给你们带来很多麻烦。本句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句缺少主语,空处应填名词形式作主语,honest的名词形式是honesty。故填honesty。
3.frightened
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他们害怕失去权力。空格处需要填入形容词作表语,表示“感到害怕的”,以-ed结尾的形容词对人进行修饰,句子的主语为they,是人。故填frightened。
4.survival
【详解】考查名词。句意:他敏捷的思维和勇气确保了他在危险面前能够幸存下来。根据句意以及上文的his,此处需要用名词形式作宾语,survive 的名词形式是survival, 不可数名词,故填survival。
5.rescue
【详解】考查名词。句意:由于道路被毁,救援工作难以进行。“救援”的英文表达为rescue,抽象名词,作定语,修饰后面的名词work。故填rescue。
6.death
【详解】考查名词。句意:舞蹈表达爱与恨,欢乐与悲伤,生与死,以及介于两者之间的一切。根据and可知,空处和前文的life并列,应填名词作宾语,dead的名词形式是death。故填death,
7.measuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:餐厅定制的餐桌,长2米,设计优雅。句中已有谓语动词is designed,所以用非谓语动词形式。名词The custom-made dining table与 measure之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式 作后置定语。故填measuring。
8.horrible
【详解】考查形容词。句意:约翰乘船去欧洲时遇到了一场可怕的风暴。此处用形容词horrible“可怕的,令人恐惧的”,修饰名词storm,作前置定语。故填horrible。
9.measures
【详解】考查名词。句意:应该采取有效措施保护环境。空处作主语,需用名词,measure为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词限定,需填名词复数形式。故填measures。
10.suffering
【详解】考查名词。句意:它给动物带来了可怕的痛苦。空处需填名词suffering,作宾语。故填suffering。
11.deaths
【详解】考查名词。句意:在这次洪灾中,有超过1000人受伤和死亡。injuries是名词复数形式,与之并列的die也要变为名词复数形式,death是名词,复数形式为deaths,表示“死亡人数”。故填deaths。
12.suffering
【详解】考查名词。句意:战争给那些国家的人民造成了巨大的破坏和痛苦。空格处填名词作“caused”的宾语,和前文的damage并列,“suffer”的名词是suffering“痛苦”,不可数名词。故填suffering。
13.operation
【详解】考查名词。句意:手术可以使他的寿命延长两三年。作主语,用名词operation,故填operation。
14.frightened
【详解】考查形容词。句意:受到惊吓的孩子紧紧拥抱着他的母亲。此处修饰名词child,应用形容词,作定语,表示“感到害怕的”,应用-ed结尾形容词frightened。故填frightened。
15.exploration
【详解】考查名词。句意:通过这次活动,我对海洋探索有了更深刻的理解,并受益匪浅。本空用名词形式exploration“探索,探测”,为不可数名词,作介词of的宾语。故填exploration。
16.drought
【详解】考查名词。句意:2024年广泛而严重的旱灾对农作物产量产生了很大影响。提示词作主语,用名词drought,表示“干旱,旱灾”,不可数名词。故填drought。
17.losses
【详解】考查名词。句意:权衡得失,做出你的决定。这就是你如何在日常生活中分清轻重缓急的方法。空格处用名词作宾语,lose的名词是loss,意为“损失”,由and gains可知,空格处用复数,故填losses。
18.exploration
【详解】考查名词。句意:的确,他们在勘探过程中经常遇到困难和危险。根据“during their”可知,空处应用名词,作宾语;exploration为名词,表示“探索、勘探”,符合句意。故填exploration。
19. frightening frightened
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这是一次非常可怕的经历,提到它时,他们现在仍然感到害怕。第一个空需用形容词作定语修饰名词experience,修饰物需用-ing形容词,所以使用frightening;第二个空需用形容词作表语,修饰人需用-ed形容词,所以使用frightened。故填①frightening②frightened。
20.to escape
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:她非常幸运地从上涨的洪水中逃脱了。句中涉及固定短语“manage to do sth.”,意为“设法成功做某事”,故空格处应用“to escape”。故填to escape。
21.curiosity
【详解】考查名词。句意:老师鼓励学生保持好奇心,因为这有助于他们学习新知识。根据空前的形容词性物主代词their可知,空处应用名词作宾语,curious为形容词,其名词为curiosity,意为“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
22.exploration
【详解】考查名词。句意:我的老师组织了一个关于太空探索的单元,这真地激发了我的兴趣。提示词作介词on的宾语,用名词exploration,意为“探索”,不可数名词;space exploration“太空探索”。故填exploration。
23.sites
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个地方让游客们探索这个王朝的历史,包括古代丝绸之路的遗址。空处作介词including的宾语,site(地点,遗址)为可数名词,此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填sites。
24.distant
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我们共度的时光如今已成为遥远的回忆。分析句子可知,此空应填形容词作定语,修饰后面名词,distant,表“遥远的”,为形容词,符合句意。故填distant。
25.survival
【详解】考查名词。句意:在探险营中,我们将学习生存技能。空处作定语,修饰名词“skill”;survival为名词,表示“生存”,可作定语,survival skill意为“生存技能”,符合句意。故填survival。
26.lectures
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:教授讲授的这些课程让我意识到均衡生活的重要性。根据空前的These可知,空格处用名词lecture“讲座,讲课”的复数形式,作主语。故填lectures。
27. attempts financial
【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意:经过不断的尝试,他得到了西班牙国王和王后的财政支持。attempt意为“尝试”,是可数名词,根据continuous(不断的)可知,此处应用复数;第二空修饰名词support,应用形容词,finance的形容词是financial(财政的)。故填①attempts②financial。
28.disastrous
【详解】考查形容词。句意:与此同时,全球气温上升可能会在其他方面产生灾难性的后果。根据空后名词consequences可知,空处应用形容词作定语。disaster是名词,意为“灾难”,其形容词形式是disastrous,意为“灾难性的”。故填disastrous。
29.loss
【详解】考查名词。句意:如果这些时刻能让我微笑,即使有失落感,我还能要求更好的家吗?根据空格前的of可知,此处用提示词的名词形式loss作宾语表示“失落”。a sense of loss“失落感”。故填loss。
30.honesty
【详解】考查名词。句意:他把诚实看得高于一切。作动词的宾语,应用名词honesty,不可数。故填honesty。
31.protection
【详解】考查名词。句意:雨衣使她免受雨淋。protect是动词,其名词形式是protection作宾语。故答案为protection。
32.varied
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我得到的信息丰富多样,甚至相互矛盾。空处在句中作表语,应用形容词,和and前面的rich并列作表语。varied意为“各种各样的,不相同的”。故填varied。
33.deer
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:老鼠和鹿是很好的天气征兆。deer意为“鹿”,单复数同形。空前没有限定词修饰,所以这里应用名词复数,表示泛指,在句中作主语。故填deer。
34.curious/urious
【详解】考查形容词。句意:Howard Carter,一个最著名的探险家,非常聪明,对他家乡以外的世界非常好奇。根据句意和首字母提示,应填curious“好奇的”作表语,be curious about“对……感到好奇”,该用法是固定用法,所以填curious。
35.To rescue
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了营救洪灾的受害者,该地区的州长李兵和他的儿子决定找到一个解决方案。此处表示目的,用不定式形式。首字母大写。故填To rescue。
36.Trapped
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:被困在着火的旅馆里,他们感到害怕。句子主干成分完整,空处为非谓语,trap“把……困在”和they逻辑上是被动关系,因此用trap的过去分词形式,作状语,且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Trapped。
37.gently
【详解】考查副词。句意:有些设计会温和地推动顾客做出更健康的选择,而不会剥夺他们的选择自由。此处为副词作状语修饰动词push,gentle的副词为gently意为“温和地”符合句意。故填gently。
38.crowded
【详解】考查形容词。句意:政府呼吁人们避免去拥挤的地方和医疗机构,除非有必要。此处应用形容词crowded“拥挤的”修饰名词areas作定语。故填crowded。
39.Waving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:挥手是世界各地一种礼貌的打招呼方式。空白处在句中作主语,要用动名词形式,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Waving 。
40.rescued
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:在大家的共同努力下,所有被困的人都在中午之前被救出。 根据句意,were是助动词,因此需要用过去分词形式rescued来构成被动语态。rescue是动词,表示“救出”,其过去分词形式为rescued。故答案填rescued。
41.largest 42.it 43.was called 44.that 45.Located 46.an 47.by 48.continuing 49.attracting 50.choice
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新疆赛里木湖。
41.考查形容词最高级。句意:素有“山中明珠”之称的赛里木湖是新疆维吾尔自治区最大、海拔最高的高山湖泊。根据空前“the”以及与空后“highest”为并列结构,所填应是形容词最高级。故填largest。
42.考查代词it。句意:该湖位于天山西部的一个山间盆地中,是通往伊犁州的唯一途径。“__2___ is the only way to Ili Prefecture”为一个完整的句子,所填空应该是主语;结合句意可知,主语应是前文“Sayram Lake(赛里木湖)”,可用人称代词it指代。故填it。
43.考查时态语态。句意:在中国古代,这个湖被称为“净海”。所填动词作句子的谓语动词。根据时间“In ancient China”可知,句子用一般过去时;且主语“the lake”与动词“call”之间为被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was called。
44.考查定语从句引导词。句意:它也被称为“大西洋最后的泪珠”,因为它是大西洋温暖潮湿的气流到达的最远的地方。“____4____ the warm and humid air current of the Atlantic Ocean reaches”为之前“the farthest place”的定语从句,先行词在从句中作动词reaches的宾语,且由形容词最高级修饰,用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意:该湖海拔2071米,长约30公里,宽约25公里,面积458平方公里。“____5____ (locate) 2,071 meters above sea level”为句子的状语,动词用非谓语形式。主语“the lake”与动词“locate”之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Located。
46.考查不定冠词。句意:该湖海拔2071米,长约30公里,宽约25公里,面积458平方公里。“cover an area of…”,固定短语,意为“占地面积……”。故填an。
47.考查介词和固定短语。句意:这个湖每年上升3到5厘米,面积也在持续增长。根据后文“…to grow(继续增长)”可推知,这里“3 to 5 centimeters every year”应是每年增长了3到5厘米。“rise by”,“增长了”。故填by。
48.考查with复合结构。句意:这个湖每年上升3到5厘米,面积也在持续增长。“with its area ____8____ (continue) to grow”为with复合结构作状语,“its area”与动词“continue”之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式。故填continuing。
49.考查非谓语动词。句意:湖中的水清澈而宁静,吸引了成群的鸭子和天鹅。“__9____ (attract) flocks of ducks and swans”为结果状语,主表示一种自然而然的结果,用现在分词形式。故填attracting。
50.考查名词。句意:这个湖已经成为情侣们拍摄婚纱照和度蜜月的首选。“a top____10_____(choose)”应是名词短语,所填为可数名词单数。“choose”,动词,意为“选择”,其名词形式为“choice(选择)”,可数名词。故填choice。
51.formally 52.what 53.creation 54.to 55.is recognized 56.are 57.activities 58.making 59.natural 60.a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了巴西里约热内卢的蒂茹卡国家公园。
51.考查副词。句意:它于 1961 年 7 月 6 日正式成立,旨在保护脆弱的生态系统。修饰空格后的动词established应该用副词formally作状语。故填formally。
52.考查连接代词。句意:该公园包括曾经因咖啡种植园而被严重砍伐的土地。空格后的部分是宾语从句,空格处在从句中作主语,且意义为“……的事物”,所以应该用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
53.考查名词。句意:它的创建标志着巴西致力于扭转环境恶化的关键时刻。空格处作主语,应该用名词creation。故填creation。
54.考查介词。句意:它的创建标志着巴西致力于扭转环境恶化的关键时刻。根据空格前的名词commitment和空格后的动名词reversing可知,空格处应该用介词to,commitment to“承诺……;致力于”是固定搭配。故填to。
55.考查时态和语态。句意:蒂茹卡国家公园占地约3200公顷,是位于巴西里约热内卢市区范围内郁郁葱葱的大西洋雨林的杰出典范,被公认为世界上最大的热带雨林之一。空格处是非限制性定语从句的谓语动词,句子描述客观情况用一般现在时;动词recognize与先行词The Tijuca National Park之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,主语是单数形式,be动词用is。故填is recognized。
56.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在蒂茹卡国家公园内,游客可以沉浸在茂密的雨林中,那里有数百种植物,其中一些是该地区独有的。空格处是定语从句的谓语,描述客观情况用一般现在时;主语some of which指的是some of the plant species,所以be动词应该用are。故填are。
57.考查名词复数。句意:喜欢冒险的人会发现许多娱乐活动,如攀岩和徒步旅行,同时公园还通过导游和旨在提高保护意识的项目,在环境教育方面发挥着重要作用。activity是可数名词,根据空格前的numerous可知,此处应该用复数形式activities作宾语。故填activities。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意:这个公园与巴西里约热内卢的幸福和繁荣密切相关,使其成为其最珍贵的财富之一。空格处应该用非谓语形式作状语,动词make与上文的内容之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词making作状语。故填making。
59.考查形容词。句意:由于对这一自然空间的保护,城市的旅游业得到了鼓励,为游客提供了充满户外冒险的独特体验。空格处作定语,修饰下文的名词space,应该用形容词natural。故填natural。
60.考查冠词。句意:由于对这一自然空间的保护,城市的旅游业得到了鼓励,为游客提供了充满户外冒险的独特体验。根据下文的单数名词experience可知,空格处应该用不定冠词表示“一”,unique的发音是辅音音素开头,所以用a。故填a。
61.measures
【详解】考查名词。句意:政府正在采取一些措施来帮助濒临灭绝的动物。“措施”为名词measure作主语,为可数名词,由some可知,应用复数,故填measures。
62.drought
【详解】考查名词。句意:2019年,湄公河经历了有记录以来最低水位,因为干旱。根据汉语提示“干旱”可知,本空应填名词drought,作because of的宾语。故填drought。
63.skiing
【详解】考查动词。句意:杰克逊,你明天要和我们去滑雪吗?根据汉语提示“滑雪”可知,此处使用动词ski,表示“去做某事”用go doing,本空用动名词skiing,作宾语。故填skiing。
64.distant
【详解】考查形容词。句意:尽管事情发生在遥远的过去,我今天仍然能记得很清楚。根据汉语提示“遥远的”可知,应用形容词distant,作定语修饰名词past。故填distant。
65.trapped
【详解】考查动词。句意:火灾使列车被困于地下。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词trap“困住”,trap与句子主语The train构成被动关系,应用过去分词trapped,与was构成被动语态,表示“被困于”。故填trapped。
66.flood
【详解】考查名词。句意:当一辆校车试图过河时,洪水冲过,导致超过25人溺水身亡。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用名词flood,修饰waters,作定语。故填flood。
67.lecture
【详解】考查名词。句意:埃里克教授将于本周五给我们做一场精彩的讲座。根据汉语提示“讲座”,及上文提示“give us a wonderful”可知,此处填名词作宾语,且填可数名词的单数形式lecture。故填lecture。
68.survive
【详解】考查动词。句意:生活不在于如何生存,而在于学会在雨中起舞。根据汉语提示及句意可知,此处使用动词survive,how to后接动词原形。故填survive。
69.whale
【详解】考查名词。句意:人们发现一条鲸鱼被冲上了海岸。根据汉语提示“鲸”可知,此处为名词whale,作主语,不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填whale。
70.preparations
【详解】考查名词。句意:在所有准备工作完成之前,我们不会开始工作。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处应使用名词preparation,作主语,由空后的have been made可知,该名词需用复数形式preparations。故填preparations。
71.extent/degree
【详解】考查名词。句意:在某种程度上,我们都想记住美好的时光,忘记糟糕的时光。根据所给句子分析可知,此处需使用名词,被some修饰。英语“程度”可使用“degree”或“extend”,短语“to some extend/degree”意为“在某种程度上”。故填extend或degree。
72.processes
【详解】考查动词。句意:她小心翼翼地处理自己的想法,确保她的话都是经过深思熟虑的。根据汉语提示“处理”可知,本空用动词process,表示对思想进行考虑和处理的动作,结合ensures可知,句子描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语she为第三人称单数,谓语也用第三人称单数processes。故填processes。
73.conduct/behavior
【详解】考查名词。句意:任何可能损害公共利益的行为都是不允许的。根据汉语提示可知应用名词conduct或behavior,作主语,any后跟单数形式。故填conduct/behavior。
74.captain
【详解】考查名词。句意:他是一位以身作则的队长,因此备受尊敬。“队长”是captain,空前有a,空格处用单数,作表语。故填captain。
75.damage
【详解】考查名词。句意:地震造成的破坏增加了当地政府的困难。本句缺少主语,空处应填名词作主语,根据所给中文提示词,应是damage意为“损失”,为不可数名词。故填damage。
76. disaster the danger of dying out
【详解】考查名词和短语。第一空表示“灾难”应用名词disaster,不定冠词提示用单数;第二空表示“灭绝的危险”可用the danger of dying out,动名词形式dying作介词of的宾语。故填①disaster;②the danger of dying out。
77. disaster extinction
【详解】考查名词。第一个空白处在句中作表语,应使用名词。根据汉语,表示“灾难”含义的名词是disaster,且前面有不定冠词a,所以此处用单数形式disaster。 第二个空白处在句中作动词facing的宾语,应使用名词。根据汉语提示,表示“灭绝”含义的名词是extinction,该词为不可数名词,使用单数。故填disaster;extinction。
78. running out
【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文可知,空处表示“快没了”,可用动词短语run out表示“(精力)耗尽”,且根据“is”可知,时态应用现在进行时用于描述一种逐渐变化的状态。故填running out。
79. investigated conducted proposal
【详解】考查动词和名词。第一空表示“调查”应用动词investigate,根据后文made可知为一般过去时;第二空表示“实施”应用动词conduct,结合后文made可知为一般过去时;第三空表示“方案”应用名词proposal,作宾语。故填①investigated;②conducted;③proposal。
80. prevent the loss of
【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意,此处表示“防止……的损失”,表示“防止”为prevent,与to limit为并列关系,所以此处使用动词原形prevent,表示“……的损失”为the loss of。故填①prevent②the③loss④of。
81. where turn to extreme slim down
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。句中先行词为society,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导;“借助,寻求”用短语turn to;陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语teenagers是复数;turn用原形;“极端的”用形容词extreme,修饰methods;“减肥”用短语slim down,此处用不定式作目的状语,故填where; turn to extreme; slim down。
82. Employing/Using (to) break down
【详解】考查动名词和动词短语。分析句子可知,表示“使用”可用employ或者use,为动词,在这里应用动名词形式作主语,且句首时首字母应大写;表示“打破”应用break down,为动词短语,而这里考查help sb (to) do,表“帮助某人做某事”,为固定搭配。故填Employing/Using;(to) break down。
83. broke out on Sunday night the whole building seriously damaged
【详解】考查动词时态、语态和非谓语动词。“突发”作谓语,用动词短语break out,结合时间状语“周日晚间”可知,讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态broke out,时间状语“周日晚间”用介词短语on Sunday night表示;“整栋大楼”作宾语,用名词词组the whole building,“严重受损”译为seriously damaged,其中过去分词damaged作宾语补足语,表被动。故填:broke out on Sunday night;the whole building seriously damaged。
84. break down barriers
【详解】考查短语和名词。be designed to do sth. (被设计用于、目的是),空处动词原形形式,break down (打破),名词复数barriers (障碍)表泛指。故填①break ②down ③barriers。
85. found curious friendly
【详解】考查动词和形容词。表示“发现”应用find,陈述过去的事实,使用一般过去时;表示“求知欲强”应用形容词curious;表示“友好”应用形容词friendly;curious和friendly为形容词作宾语补足语。故填①found;②curious;③friendly。
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