重难点12 完形填空之记叙文-2025年高考英语【热点•重点•难点】专练（新高考通用）

重难点12 完形填空之记叙文 考点 五年考情（2020-2025） 考点1 记叙文之人与自我 （5年3考） 2024新课标I卷—跑步感悟目标量力而行; 2022新课标I卷—短暂打工经历体会; 2021新课标II卷—警察生活多样性。 考点2记叙文之人与社会 （5年9考） 2025浙江1月卷--将烹饪爱好变成新型社交模式； 2024新课标II卷—定居意大利的生活; 2024浙江1月卷—火车上偶遇中国男士; 2024九省联考卷—加油站陌生人帮修车; 2023新课标I卷—背受伤女孩到终点线; 2023新课标II卷—飞行员接力帮陌生人送狗; 2023四省联考卷—父亲造成孩子学习困难; 2022新课标I卷---野营趣事; 2022新课标II卷—环球旅行新模式-代为看家 考点3记叙文之人与自然 （5年3考） 2025八省联考卷--老妇人喂鸽子趣事 2023浙江1月卷—养蜂人采蜂； 2020新课标卷—小岛直树保家园。 【题型解读】 1.短文难度基本稳定，词数为250~300,与高中英语教材的难度基本相当。文章多由简单句组成，但并列句和复合句也占有相当的比例，句子结构清晰，易于学生理解。 2.短文选材多是记叙文，故事性强，内容多变，且往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，常出现插叙、倒叙或者夹叙夹议的情况。 3.短文首句一般不设空，以便向学生提供有用的信息，使学生对全文主旨有一个基本的了解。 4.试题考查以情境意义选择为主，着重考查学生的语篇理解能力。由于跨越句子层次的题占绝大多数，这就要求学生通读段落甚至全文，感悟语境，收集上下文信息，采用直接法或排除法做出最佳选择。 【高考考情】 年份 卷别 主题 话题 2025 2025浙江1月卷 人与社会 将烹饪爱好变成新型社交模式 2025八省联考卷 人与自然 老太太海滨喂鸽子趣事 2024 2024新课标I卷 人与自我 不同阶段对不同运动的兴趣和经历 2024新课标II卷 人与自我 意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情 2024全国甲卷 人与自我 祖母的童年故事 2023 2023新课标I卷 人与自我 在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛 2023新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 帮助搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市 2023全国甲卷 人与自我 西红柿和酿的酒 2022 2022新课标I卷 人与自我 工厂打工赚钱 2022新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 通过当看房人来环球旅行 2022全国甲卷 人与自我 从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他 2021 2021新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 警察王先生 2021全国甲卷 人与自我 诚恳道歉信 2020 2020新课标I卷 人与自我 家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相 2020新课标II卷 人与自我 拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画 2020全国甲卷 人与自我 淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾 【设空特点】 1.设空密度稳定。在250~300词的短文中，设空为15个。稳定的设空密度决定了完形填空稳定的命题难度。 2.设空以实词为主，虚词为辅；单词为主，短语为辅。高中英语完形填空试题绝大部分是单词填空，短语填空的题量极少，且以实词(动词、形容词、副词等)为主，虚词(连词、介词等)为辅。这就需要学生根据上下文语境和逻辑关系进行词义辨析。 3.设空词汇均不超出考纲词汇，且仅涉及基本意义和用法。在“瞻前顾后”的前提下，学生只要进行细致推敲和细微辨析，就能够锁定最佳选项。 【解题步骤】 1.通览－速读全文，把握大意。 通览全文，领会短文大意,大致了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等，获得整体印象，弄清行文脉络，找出主旨和关键词。在通读全文时，学生应重视首句的开篇启示作用，注意文中反复出现的主题词，体会作者的行文思路，从宏观上把握全文，找出解题突破口。 2.试填－“瞻前顾后”，先易后难。 结合所给选项细读全文，逐层深入，各个击破。 “瞻前顾后”即前后观察，对空格前后内容深入分析，确定空格在句中的意思。如果是语义问题，要根据上下文完整的语境进行推敲；如果是语法问题，则要考虑整体时态、语态以及词法、句法。“瞻前顾后”时，应特别注意首尾照应，既要明确首句引出全文的重要地位，也不要忽视尾句画龙点睛的作用。先易后难即首先选出能直接确定的答案，如固定搭配、常见句型等，然后回过头来集中精力解决难度较大的问题。 3.复核－全面检查，精选答案，消除疏漏。 试填这一步完成后，应再次通读一遍全文，注意检查所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文意通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整。在复查过程中，如果有某些地方意义含混不清或矛盾，应该依据文章的中心意思再次推敲，反复斟酌，从意义和语法两个角度仔细权衡，加以改正，以便弥补疏漏。 【解题步骤】 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨；关注末段，注意感想重视首句，了解短文话题，明确叙述角度。 叙述角度多为第一人称或第三人称。第一人称从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，从字里行间可读出作者对人物、事物或景色的情感态度。第三人称从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。记叙文的最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪。因此要认真体会作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主旨。 2. 跳空速读全文，明确写作要素跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。 从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和写作要素。作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。基本的写作要素包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。 3. 身临其境，故事重构做题时可采用“角色渗透法”。 所谓“角色渗透法”，就是假设自己是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，走进作者思维，深入理解文章的含义，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，同时要结合文化背景知识和生活常识。 4. 浏览全文，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。 检查要点包括语意是否前后一致；上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构以及文化背景知识和生活常识是否合理。 【六大妙招】 1.跳读首尾句进行预测 一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 2.利用固定搭配解题 完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。 3.利用复现信息解题 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。 4.利用逻辑关系解题 尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最佳途径。所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的衔接中。通过逻辑关系的方法，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。(1) 句中逻辑关系(2) 句间逻辑关系(3) 段间逻辑关系 5.巧用背景常识解题 解答完形填空题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，还需要把读者头脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起来考虑，最后作出符合常识的最佳答案。因此，考生的知识范围越广，则对文章的理解会更容易，整体上知道所选短文在说什么，那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。因此解答完形填空题时，考生的英语语言知识和有关世界的知识，都发挥着重要的作用。 6.根据文章的感情色彩解题 考生在第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用。 【2025浙江1月卷·人与社会·记叙文】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro 44 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food, 46 new recipes and holding dinner parties. “It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52 . “But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 41. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching 42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money 43. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers 44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises 45. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing 46. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down 47. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train 48. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with 49. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs 50. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital 51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional 52. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem 53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge 54. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise 55. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. D 55. B 【解析】 41. C。根据下文的a three-course meal、her hobby of buying food、new recipes、share my passion for food等信息可知，首句中提到的healthy addiction指的是烹饪（cooking）。 42. A。根据第二段的关键词hobby of buying food、recipesand holdingdinnerparties可知，这位30岁的女教师决定好好利用她的业余爱好（hobby）。 43. D。根据第三段的It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to ... new people 可推知，每周到Ribeiro 家里参加宴会的人都是不认识的人，故strangers 符合语境。 44. B。Bookalokal 是一个可以预订由当地居民主办的私人餐宴的网络平台，且根据第一段的twicea week for dinner parties、本段中的buying food 和第三段中的newpeople可知，Ribeiro 每周要为这些新人购买食材、做饭、举办宴会，这些都是需要耗费时间、精力、金钱的，所以Ribeiro 会向这些来用餐的人收费（charges）。 45. A。下文提到的buying food、holding dinner parties 都是Ribeiro 追求（pursuing）自己烹饪爱好的体现。 46. B 根据下文的Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes ... other times she ... dinner courses with her favorite beers. 以及... realise her dream with a great deal of freedom、discover new experiences 等信息可推断，Ribeiro烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，她会试做（trying out）新的食谱。 47. C。根据第一段的She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes ... into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. 可知，Ribeiro通过在网站注册，可以在家举办宴会活动，结识（meet）新人。 48. C。根据空白处前后的she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 和her native home 的语境可推知，Ribeiro 做传统巴西菜肴是为了纪念（in honor of）自己的家乡。 49. D。根据she ... dinner courses with ...beers结构可知，她是给晚餐配（pairs）上佳酿，而非用酒替代晚餐的菜肴。 50. A。根据空白处前的The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom 可知，Ribeiro烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，再联系下文介绍的餐馆的情况可推知，此处是说Ribeiro在家准备宴席不同于（opposed）餐馆。51. B 空白处是在描述餐馆服务的特点，上文说Ribeiro 在家准备宴席时可以自由发挥，相比之下，餐馆服务则显得缺乏人情味儿（impersonal）。 52. A。根据上文的the menu is known in advance 可推知，餐馆的菜品没有新意，surprise符合语境。 53. D。第三段和第四段都在说Ribeiro在家举办宴会活动的好的一面，根据空白处前的But 可知，本句语意有转折，再根据后面介绍的原因for it can sometimes take days to ... a single event可知，有时要花数天时间，可见此事也是一项挑战（challenge）。 54. D。根据上文的it can sometimes take days 和下文的a single event 可推知，这里是说Ribeiro在家筹备（organise）宴会活动有时候要花数天时间。 55. B。根据本句中的not only... for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 可知，这个平台也适用于那些乐意发现新体验的人，并非只为了专业厨师保留，reserved 符合语境。 【2025八省联考卷·人与自然·记叙文】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would always see the same elderly lady ___41___ the pigeons (鸽子). The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in ___42___, would gather around her before she even had a ___43___ to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the same each day, part of her ___44___. I found that ___45___ her perform this ordinary task with such ___46___ was both calming and beautiful. On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her ___47___ spot to feed the birds. But, as she ___48___ the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground. I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I ___49___ to get it back for her. ____50____, before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ____51____ picked up the necklace, ____52____ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap. I couldn’t ____53____ my eyes. The old lady, also ____54____, began laughing quietly to herself. I was ____55____ with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset. 41. A. feeding B. pursuing C. training D. collecting 42. A. age B. size C. weight D. number 43. A. wish B. chance C. plan D. reason 44. A. job B. project C. routine D. dream 45. A. watching B. helping C. making D. hearing 46. A. confidence B. enthusiasm C. flexibility D. precision 47. A. original B. parking C. hiding D. usual 48. A. repaired B. approached C. shared D. supported 49. A. slipped in B. ran away C. got up D. turned around 50. A. However B. Afterwards C. Gradually D. Fortunately 51. A. sea B. tree C. pair D. group 52. A. walked B. stuck C. pointed D. flew 53. A. lift B. cover C. believe D. close 54. A. satisfied B. surprised C. annoyed D. frightened 55. A. caught B. hit C. left D. met 【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. B49. C50. A51. D52. D53. C54. B55. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢去一个海滨地区的公园看日落，常看到一位老妇人喂鸽子。一个特别的晚上，老妇人的项链掉落，一只鸽子竟捡起项链放回到她腿上，这让作者和老妇人都很吃惊，也都非常欣喜。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。A. feeding喂养；B. pursuing追求；C. training训练；D. collecting收集。根据下文“On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her ___7___ spot to feed the birds.”可知，作者是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. age年龄；B. size尺寸；C. weight重量；D. number数量。根据上文“usually around 10 to 15”可推知，此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量，指通常在10到15只左右。故选D。 43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. wish愿望；B. chance机会；C. plan计划；D. reason原因。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in ___54___, would gather around her”和下文“to take the bag of rice out from her handbag”可推知，此处是描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景，应该是不等她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米，鸽子就聚集起来了。故选B。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都是一样的，这是她日常生活的一部分。A. job工作；B. project项目；C. routine常规；D. dream梦想。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，这成了老妇人的常规惯例，即她日常生活的一部分。故选C。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. watching观看；B. helping帮助；C. making制作；D. hearing听见。根据上文“There, I would always see the same elderly lady ___41___ the pigeons (鸽子).”可知，作者总是看老妇人做这件事，由此可知，是看着她完成这项平凡的任务让作者觉得平静又美丽。故选A。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. confidence信心；B. enthusiasm热情；C. flexibility灵活性；D. precision精确性。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人对此倾注了热情，因此一直坚持着。故选B。 47.考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：在这个特别的晚上，这位女士来到她平常的地方喂鸟。A. original原始的；B. parking停车；C. hiding躲藏；D. usual平常的。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人是来到平常的地方喂鸟。故选D。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她走近长凳坐下时，她的项链掉在了地上。A. repaired修理；B. approached靠近；C. shared分享；D. supported支持。根据老妇人是来公园喂鸽子的情境，以及下文“the bench (长凳) to sit down”可推知，此处指她走近长凳坐下。故选B。 49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：注意到这一点，我起身去帮她拿回来。A. slipped in溜进；B. ran away逃跑；C. got up起身；D. turned around转身。根据上文“I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.”可知，作者坐在附近的草地上，等待太阳落山，由此可知，作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后，起身去帮她拿回来。故选C。 50.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. However然而；B. Afterwards之后；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___54___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，一只鸽子捡起项链，归还给了老妇人，这与作者原本的行为形成转折，应用However“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。 51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. sea海洋；B. tree树；C. pair一对；D. group群。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in ___44___, would gather around her”可知，这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群鸽子中的一只。故选D。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. walked行走；B. stuck卡住；C. pointed指向；D. flew飞。根据上文“one of the pigeons”和下文“dropped it on her lap”可推知，鸽子应该是飞到长凳上，再把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. lift举起；B. cover覆盖；C. believe相信；D. close关闭。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___54___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链，这是令人难以置信的事，因此作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。 54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老太太也很吃惊，开始静静地笑了起来。A. satisfied满意的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___54___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”和“also”可知，看到自己经常喂的鸽子居然捡回项链，老妇人的反应和作者是一样的，感到非常惊讶。故选B。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容，高高兴兴地继续看日落。A. caught抓住；B. hit击打；C. left剩下；D. met遇见。根据下文“with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset”可知，作者见到这一情景，内心是高兴的，脸上应该是仅有灿烂的笑容，即露出了灿烂的笑容，短语be left with意为“余下，剩下”，表示在某种情况下，仅剩下某些东西或某种感觉。故选C。 【2024新课标I卷·人与自我·记叙文】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 . I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。 45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。 47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only6I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。 50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。 51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 51 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got　52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever　55　I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。 【2024新课标II卷·人与社会·记叙文】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___41___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___42___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___43___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___44___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___45___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___46___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___47___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___48___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___49___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____50____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____51____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____52____. These meals are always ____53____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____54____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____55____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 44. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 45. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 54. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 55. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 【答案】41. D 44. B 45. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. A 54. C 55. D 54. A 55. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 41.考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。 42.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 43.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 44.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 45.考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 46.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 47.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 48.考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。 49.考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。 50.考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。 51.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 52.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 53.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 54.考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。 55.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 （建议用时：40分钟） 【类型一：人与自我类记叙文微练】 （24-25高三上·湖南益阳·期末）Fresh out of college and newly-married, my husband and I lived in an economically challenged community. We moved from one temporary job to another, 1 making ends meet, with the distant dream of owning a house. Fortunately, by rare chance one day, a(n) 2 came. During a camping trip, we spotted a for-sale sign 3 a piece of land byLake Superior—a potential campsite. This wild piece of waterfront property was relatively inexpensive but needed work to 4 the uncleared land. We were young and energetic,yet unsure whether we should take it. We turned to Steve’s uncle. Uncle Joe was a 5 and kind-hearted man whose 6 we valued. He had previously offered Steve wise advice. “Make 7 decisions that lead to happiness and wealth.” In dwelling on (纠结) the 8 factor of purchasing it, Steve sought his uncle’ s advice again. “Will you regret not seizing this chance?” We knew the answer. The next day,we managed to    9 enough money for our first significant purchase. We then wasted no time 10 a path to the waterfront, and spent every possible moment there, camping, swimming, and building dreams. That pursuit gave us the courage to 11 a bigger project. Two years later, with secure 12 , we used our campsite as collateral (抵押物) to 13 our first house. Steve and I have 14 most of our goals because of a few simple, sound words of 15 : Life is short; seize opportunities. 1．A．easily B．barely C．quickly D．possibly 2．A．event B．dream C．challenge D．opportunity 3．A．hiding B．advertising C．suggesting D．leaving 4．A．farm B．abandon C．protect D．develop 5．A．seasoned B．strict C．humorous D．brave 6．A．story B．account C．opinion D．secret 7．A．simple B．unexpected C．informed D．casual 8．A．beauty B．risk C．health D．time 9．A．collect B．donate C．waste D．save 10．A．following B．clearing C．blocking D．measuring 11．A．take on B．check out C．put away D．make up 12．A．connection B．service C．income D．emotion 13．A．paint B．build C．decorate D．purchase 14．A．accomplished B．missed C．changed D．set 15．A．education B．information C．comfort D．wisdom 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在刚毕业且新婚时，生活拮据，梦想着拥有一所房子。一次偶然的机会，他们在露营时发现了一块待售的土地，虽然需要开发但价格相对便宜。在咨询了史蒂夫叔叔的建议后，他们决定买下这块地，并开始积极开发，最终以此地为抵押物购买了第一所房子。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们辗转于一个又一个临时工作，勉强维持生计，怀揣着拥有一个房子的遥远梦想。A. easily容易地；B. barely勉强地；C. quickly快速地；D. possibly可能地。根据前文“Fresh out of college and newly-married, my husband and I lived in an economically challenged community.”可知，作者夫妇俩刚毕业新婚，住在一个经济困难的小区，所以是勉强维持生计。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有一天，一个机会来了。A. event事件；B. dream梦想；C. challenge挑战；D. opportunity机会。根据后文“During a camping trip, we spotted a for-sale sign ___3___ a piece of land byLake Superior—a potential campsite.”以及“Will you regret not seizing this chance?”可知，在一次露营旅行中，作者夫妇看到一块靠近苏必利尔湖的待售土地的广告牌——一个潜在的露营地，此处指拥有自己房子的机会来了。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次露营旅行中，我们看到一块靠近苏必利尔湖的待售土地的广告牌——一个潜在的露营地。A. hiding躲藏；B. advertising做广告；C. suggesting建议；D. leaving离开。根据前文“a for-sale sign”可知，此处指一块待售土地的广告牌。故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这块野生滨水区地产相对便宜，但需要开发未清理的土地。A. farm耕作；B. abandon抛弃；C. protect保护；D. develop开发。根据前文“This wild piece of waterfront property was relatively inexpensive”以及后文“the uncleared land.”可知，这块野生滨水区地产相对便宜，但是是未清理过的，所以需要开发。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔叔叔是个老练、善良的人，我们很看重他的意见。A. seasoned老练的；B. strict严格的；C. humorous幽默的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“whose ___6___we valued”以及“He had previously offered Steve wise advice.”可知，此处指乔叔叔是个老练的人，我们很看重他的意见。故选A项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. story故事；B. account账户；C. opinion观点；D. secret秘密。根据后文“He had previously offered Steve wise advice.”可知，此处指乔叔叔给出的意见。故选C项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：做出明智的决定，带来幸福和财富。A. simple简单的；B. unexpected意外的；C. informed明智的；D. casual随便的。根据后文“decisions that lead to happiness and wealth”可知，此处指做出明智的决定，带来幸福和财富。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在纠结购买的风险因素时，史蒂夫再次征求了他叔叔的意见。A. beauty美丽；B. risk风险；C. health健康；D. time时间。根据前文“We were young and energetic, yet unsure whether we should take it.”以及后文“Steve sought his uncle’ s advice again.”可知，作者夫妇年轻有活力，但不确定是否应该买下这块地，再次征求了叔叔的意见，所以此处表示购买是存在风险的。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我们设法凑够了钱，买下了我们的第一件贵重物品。A. collect收集，筹集；B. donate捐赠；C. waste浪费；D. save节省。根据后文“enough money for our first significant purchase”可知，此处指作者夫妇凑够了钱。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们毫不拖延地清理出一条通往水边的路，花尽可能多的时间在那里露营、游泳和构建梦想。A. following跟随；B. clearing清理；C. blocking阻碍；D. measuring测量。根据前文“but needed work to ___4___ the uncleared land.”以及后文“a path to the waterfront”可知，这块野生滨水区地产相对便宜，但需要开发未清理的土地，作者夫妇在购买了该块土地后，清理出一条通往水边的路。故选B项。 11．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这种追求给了我们勇气去承担一个更大的项目。A. take on承担；B. check out结账离开；C. put away收拾起来；D. make up组成，编造。根据后文“a bigger project”可知，此处指承担一个更大的项目。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年后，有了稳定的收入，我们把露营地作为抵押买了第一套房子。A. connection联系；B. service服务；C. income收入；D. emotion情感。根据前文“Two years later”以及后文“we used our campsite as collateral (抵押物) to ___13___ our first house.”可知，两年之后，作者夫妇有了稳定的收入，把露营地作为抵押买了第一套房子。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. paint绘画；B. build建造；C. decorate装饰；D. purchase购买。根据前文“we used our campsite as collateral”可知，此处指用露营地作为抵押买了第一套房子。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：史蒂夫和我已经完成了我们的大部分目标，因为几句简单而正确的智慧之语：生命短暂；抓住机遇。A. accomplished完成；B. missed错过；C. changed改变；D. set设置。根据前文“we used our campsite as collateral (抵押物) to ___13___ our first house.”以及后文“most of our goals”可知，两年之后作者夫妇买了房子，所以是实现了目标。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. education教育；B. information信息；C. comfort安慰；D. wisdom智慧。根据前文“a few simple, sound words”可知，此处指几句简单而明智的话，即智慧。故选D项。 （24-25高三上·湖北·期末）Rehan Staton, a 24 -year-old former cleaner, was admitted into Harvard Law School. Staton was raised by a single father who worked hard to 1 . him and his brother. Growing up was tough and he used to 2 in school. One teacher even suggested he 3 to a special education class. But under the 4 of a tutor, he ended up making the 5 roll. In high school, he used to be an athlete, 6 on martial arts and boxing. However, an injury ruined the 7 of him turning professional in sports, and he got 8 by every college he had applied to. Instead of pursuing higher education, Staton started working at Bates Trucking & Trash Removal to support his family. There, his co-workers 9 his spirits. Motivated by them, he 10 in Bowie State University in 2014, and in 2016, he 11 to the University of Maryland. Then, he took the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) and applied to nine schools. When reading the law school 12 emails, Staton and his friends were in shock and excitement. 13 , Staton chose to attend Harvard Law School — and he’ll never forget all the 14 people who helped him get there. “Throughout this time, people kind of ask me, ‘How did you do it?’ How could I not do it when everyone is breaking their backs for me, and 15 me to win?” he said. 1．A．stand by B．object to C．call on D．provide for 2．A．entertain B．compete C．struggle D．mature 3．A．listen B．yield C．switch D．refer 4．A．burden B．control C．protection D．guidance 5．A．tuition B．honor C．class D．name 6．A．deciding B．focusing C．taking D．relying 7．A．chance B．interest C．fantasy D．luck 8．A．marked B．abandoned C．denied D．rated 9．A．lifted B．aroused C．accelerated D．kept 10．A．admitted B．settled C．entrolled D．lectured 11．A．transferred B．attended C．registered D．belonged 12．A．recognition B．acceptance C．promotion D．inquiry 13．A．Gradually B．Incredibly C．Literally D．Eventually 14．A．sympathetic B．supportive C．thoughtful D．demanding 15．A．pushing B．pulling C．recommending D．reminding 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了24岁的前清洁工雷汉·斯塔顿在不懈努力以及别人的帮助下，最终被哈佛大学法学院录取的故事。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Staton是由一个单身父亲抚养长大的，他努力工作养活他和他的兄弟。A. stand by在场；B. object to反对；C. call on呼吁；D. provide for供养。根据上文“Staton was raised by a single father”可知，此处指单身父亲努力工作养活儿子们。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的成长过程很艰难，过去在学校里很挣扎。A. entertain娱乐；B. compete比赛；C. struggle挣扎；D. mature使成熟。根据后文“to a special education class”可知，老师建议他转到特殊教育班，说明过去在学校里很挣扎。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位老师甚至建议他转到特殊教育班。A. listen听；B. yield屈服；C. switch转换；D. refer参考。根据后文“to a special education class”可知，此处指老师甚至建议他转到特殊教育班。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在一位导师的指导下，他最终登上了荣誉榜。A. burden负担；B. control控制；C. protection保护；D. guidance指导。But表前后转折，对比一位老师甚至建议他转到特殊教育班，根据后文“of a tutor, he ended up making the”可知，有了老师的指导，他最终进入了优秀生名单。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在一位导师的指导下，他最终登上了荣誉榜。A. tuition教学；B. honor荣誉；C. class班级；D. name名字。根据上文“he ended up making the”可知，此处为短语honor roll表示“荣誉榜，特别是指取得学术成就的学生名单”。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：高中时，他曾是一名运动员，专注于武术和拳击。A. deciding决定；B. focusing集中；C. taking带走；D. relying依靠。根据后文“on martial arts and boxing”可知，此处指他专注于武术和拳击。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一次受伤毁了他成为职业运动员的机会，他申请的每一所大学都拒绝了他。A. chance机会；B. interest兴趣；C. fantasy幻想；D. luck运气。根据上文“an injury ruined the”可知，此处指一次受伤毁了他成为职业运动员的机会。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一次受伤毁了他成为职业运动员的机会，他申请的每一所大学都拒绝了他。A. marked标记；B. abandoned抛弃；C. denied拒绝；D. rated认为。根据上文“an injury ruined the”可知，因为受伤被大学拒绝了。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他的同事让他振作起来。A. lifted振奋；B. aroused唤醒；C. accelerated促进；D. kept保持。根据后文“his spirits”以及“Motivated by them”可知，他的同事让他振作起来，应用动词lift。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的激励下，他于2014年进入鲍伊州立大学，并于2016年转入马里兰大学。A. admitted承认；B. settled解决；C. enrolled登记；D. lectured演讲。根据后文“in Bowie State University in 2014”可知，此处指进入大学，应用enroll。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的激励下，他于2014年进入鲍伊州立大学，并于2016年转入马里兰大学。A. transferred转移；B. attended照顾；C. registered注册；D. belonged属于。根据后文“to the University of Maryland.”可知，他先进入鲍伊州立大学，后来转去了别的大学。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：读到法学院的录取邮件时，斯塔顿和他的朋友们既震惊又兴奋。A. recognition认可；B. acceptance录取；C. promotion促进；D. inquiry询问。根据后文“emails, Staton and his friends were in shock and excitement”可知，震惊和兴奋说明收到了录取邮件。故选B。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，斯塔顿选择进入哈佛法学院——他永远不会忘记所有支持他的人。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Incredibly难以置信地；C. Literally按照字面意义地；D. Eventually最终。根据后文“Staton chose to attend Harvard Law School”可知，此处指他最终选择进入哈佛法学院。故选D。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，斯塔顿选择进入哈佛法学院——他永远不会忘记所有支持他的人。A. sympathetic同情的；B. supportive支持的；C. thoughtful体贴的；D. demanding要求高的。根据后文“people who helped him get there”可知，这些人帮助了他，支持了他。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在这段时间里，人们会问我，‘你是怎么做到的？’当每个人都在为我竭尽全力，鼓励我去赢的时候，我怎么能不做到呢？”他说。A. pushing鼓励；B. pulling拉；C. recommending推荐；D. reminding提醒。根据上文“everyone is breaking their”以及上文“people who helped him get there”可知，此处指每个人都在尽力帮助他，鼓励他去赢。故选A。 （24-25高三上·福建福州·期末）Participating in the school sports meet’s 1500-meter race was an 1 journey that tested my limits in every stride. As the starting gun echoed through the stadium, 2 electrified my veins, mingling with the anticipation of the challenge ahead. The initial burst of energy propelled me forward alongside my competitors, each of us vying (竞争) for that crucial early 3 . The first lap flew by in a blur of 4 and adrenaline (肾上腺素), but as I settled into a rhythm, the reality of the distance began to 5 upon me. My breath came in uneven gasps, each one a reminder of the physical toll this effort was taking. The sun 6 down mercilessly, its rays piercing through my sweat-drenched shirt, adding another layer of exhaustion to the mix. By the halfway mark, legs that once felt springy now felt like 7 . My lungs burned, and doubt crept into my mind—could I really push through to the end? Yet, amidst (在...之中) the pain and fatigue, a spark of 8 lit up inside my body. I remembered the countless hours of training, the early mornings, and the late nights dedicated to this moment. I knew I owed it to myself to give it my 9 . With 10 determination, I dug deep into my reserves of strength. Each step forward became a battle against the mounting fatigue, but also a testament to my 11 . The crowd’s cheers, though distant and faint, served as a beacon (象征) of 12 , reminding me that I wasn’t alone in this fight. As I entered the final stretch, the pain was almost 13 , but so was the desire to triumph. With a final, desperate surge of adrenaline, I pushed my body to its absolute 14 . The finish line loomed closer, a beacon of relief and accomplishment. Crossing it in approximately 5minutes and 20seconds, I collapsed forward, spent but 15 . The announcement of my victory as the first-place finisher echoed in my ears, a sweet symphony of validation for all the hard work and sacrifice. In that moment, the pain was eclipsed by the overwhelming sense of achievement, knowing that I had conquered not just the race, but also myself. 1．A．easy B．arduous C．pleasant D．relaxing 2．A．excitement B．tension C．nerves D．anger 3．A．lead B．goal C．victory D．advantage 4．A．focus B．determination C．courage D．bravery 5．A．dawn B．shine C．fall D．rise 6．A．shone B．beat C．bore D．hung 7．A．iron B．wood C．steel D．lead 8．A．inspiration B．motivation C．resilience D．ambition 9．A．all B．effort C．best D．nothing 10．A．reduced B．renewed C．increased D．solid 11．A．weakness B．strength C．laziness D．perseverance 12．A．despair B．encouragement C．disappointment D．frustration 13．A．unbearable B．bearable C．pleasant D．enjoyable 14．A．peak B．bottom C．limit D．extreme 15．A．sad B．exhilarated C．bored D．disappointed 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者参加学校运动会1500米比赛的经历。比赛中，作者经历了从兴奋到疲惫、再到坚持并最终获胜的心路历程，展现了作者挑战自我、战胜自我的勇气和毅力。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参加学校运动会的1500米比赛是一段艰难的旅程，每一步都在考验我的极限。A. easy容易的；B. arduous艰难的；C. pleasant愉快的；D. relaxing放松的。根据后文“that tested my limits in every stride”可知，参加1500米比赛是对作者极限的挑战，因此这是一段艰难的旅程。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着起跑枪声在体育场回荡，兴奋涌上我的心头，与对即将到来的挑战的预期交织在一起。A. excitement兴奋；B. tension紧张；C. nerves神经；D. anger愤怒。根据后文“mingling with the anticipation of the challenge ahead”可知，作者对即将到来的比赛感到兴奋。故选A项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初的能量爆发推动着我与竞争对手一起向前，我们每个人都在争夺那至关重要的早期优势。A. lead领导；B. goal目标；C. victory胜利；D. advantage优势。根据前文“The initial burst of energy propelled me forward alongside my competitors”可知，作者和竞争对手们一起向前冲，都想争夺早期的优势。故选D项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一圈在决心和肾上腺素的模糊感觉中飞速而过，但当我调整到自己的节奏时，距离带来的现实感开始笼罩着我。A. focus焦点；B. determination决心；C. courage勇气；D. bravery勇敢。根据前文“each of us vying (竞争) for that crucial early ____3____ .”以及后文“With ____10____ determination, I dug deep into my reserves of strength.”可知，作者和竞争对手们一起向前冲，都想争夺早期的优势，由此第一圈决心和肾上腺素的模糊感觉中飞速而过。故选B项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一圈在决心和肾上腺素的模糊感觉中飞速而过，但当我调整到自己的节奏时，距离带来的现实感开始笼罩着我。A. dawn开始；B. shine闪耀；C. fall落下，降临；D. rise上升。根据“the reality of the distance began to ____5____ upon me”可知，距离的现实开始笼罩着作者，即降临到作者身上。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：太阳无情地照耀着，它的光线穿透我湿透的衬衫，又增加了一层疲惫。A. shone照耀；B. beat跳动；C. bore忍受；D. hung悬挂。根据后文“its rays piercing through my sweat-drenched shirt”可知，太阳的光线穿透我的衬衫，说明太阳在照耀。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑到半程时，曾经感觉充满活力的腿现在感觉像铅一样。A. iron铁；B. wood木头；C. steel钢；D. lead铅。根据前文“By the halfway mark, legs that once felt springy”以及后文“My lungs burned, and doubt crept into my mind - could I really push through to the end?”可知，在比赛的过程中作者筋疲力尽，怀疑自己是否能够坚持到最后，因此曾经感觉充满活力的腿现在感觉像铅一样，表达“疲惫不堪”。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在痛苦和疲惫之中，一股动力在我的体内燃烧起来。A. inspiration灵感；B. motivation动力；C. resilience弹力；D. ambition野心。根据后文“I remembered the countless hours of training, the early mornings, and the late nights dedicated to this moment.”可知，作者想起了训练的时光，这些回忆给了作者动力。故选B项。 9．考查代词和名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我必须全力以赴。A. some一些；B. effort努力；C. best最好的；D. nothing没有什么。根据前文“I knew I owed it to myself”可知，作者知道自己必须全力以赴，give one’s best为固定短语，意为“尽某人最大努力”。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心要深入挖掘自己潜在的力量。A. reduced减少；B. renewed更新，重新焕发；C. increased增加；D. solid坚固的。根据后文“I dug deep into my reserves of strength.”可知，作者决定重新焕发决心，深入挖掘自己潜在的力量即表示作者要使劲向前跑。故选B项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一步前进都是对抗不断增长的疲劳的战斗，但也是对我毅力的证明。A. weakness虚弱；B. strength力量；C. laziness懒惰；D. perseverance毅力。根据前文“With ____10____ determination, I dug deep into my reserves of strength.”可知，作者下定决心要深入挖掘自己潜在的力量，奋力前行，因此当下的每一步前进都是对抗不断增长的疲劳的战斗，更是对作者毅力和决心的证明。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：观众的欢呼声虽然遥远而微弱，但它作为鼓励的象征，提醒我在这场战斗中我并不孤单。A. despair绝望；B. encouragement鼓励；C. disappointment失望；D. frustration沮丧。根据前文“The crowd’s cheers,”可知，来自于观众的欢呼声提醒作者并不孤单，这是对作者的鼓励。故选B项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我进入最后一段路程时，疼痛几乎难以忍受，但获胜的欲望也是如此。A. unbearable难以忍受的；B. bearable可忍受的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. enjoyable愉快的。根据前文“the pain was almost”以及“but so was the desire to triumph”可知，此处指疼痛几乎难以忍受，与获胜的欲望相照应。故选A项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着最后一次绝望的肾上腺素激增，我把自己的身体推到了极限。A. peak顶峰；B. bottom底部；C. limit极限；D. extreme极端。根据前文“With a final, desperate surge of adrenaline,”可知，此处指作者绝望地奋力一搏，把身体推到了极限。push sb./sth. to the limit为固定短语，意为“把某人/某物逼到极限”。故选C项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以大约5分20秒的成绩冲过终点线，向前倒下，筋疲力尽但兴奋不已。A. sad悲伤的；B. exhilarated兴奋的；C. bored无聊的；D. disappointed失望的。根据后文“The announcement of my victory as the first-place finisher echoed in my ears”可知，作者赢得了第一名，因此作者感到兴奋不已。故选B项。 【类型二：人与社会类记叙文微练】 （24-25高三上·广东揭阳·期末）Best-selling author Abby called her high school creative writing teacher, Tim House, after 27 years. She called to express her 1 for his impact on her writing career. Abby 2 that Mr. House’s creative writing class was the only one class that she 3 enjoyed in high school. She took his class for three years and remembered his fun and 4 teaching style. However, she never thought of 5 until she became an author and realized how much he had influenced her career. Recently, while going through her old belongings during a move, Abby 6 her high school writings. And in there were poetry books Mr. House had published, with his full name on them. 7 , she posted on social media, “Does anyone know Mr. Tim House? I’d love to get his phone number to call and thank him for his encouragement.” Within two hours, the 8 flooded in. Her followers managed to 9 him and then they told Abby his number. The phone call was 10 for both of them. Fighting back tears, Mr. House felt deeply moved and grateful, his voice shaking as he said, “It’s 11 like these that make me feel like being a teacher is a worthwhile profession. I can inspire someone to 12 a lot more with writing than I ever will.” When Abby shared that 13 online, many people in the comments said, “This is going to make me contact teachers who made a difference in my life.” Mr. House expressed 14 that these stories would help teachers get some of the recognition that they 15 . 1．A．joy B．gratitude C．surprise D．pride 2．A．recalled B．observed C．planned D．predicted 3．A．equally B．briefly C．generally D．truly 4．A．formal B．strict C．traditional D．encouraging 5．A．showing off B．hanging out C．reaching out D．moving on 6．A．found B．threw C．tested D．corrected 7．A．Confused B．Inspired C．Curious D．Patient 8．A．letters B．questions C．responses D．opinions 9．A．admire B．guide C．invite D．locate 10．A．sympathetic B．emotional C．stressful D．embarrassing 11．A．moments B．awards C．thoughts D．reasons 12．A．teach B．design C．achieve D．send 13．A．picture B．post C．article D．video 14．A．hope B．concern C．doubt D．interest 15．A．admit B．refuse C．escape D．deserve 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了畅销书作家Abby感谢高中创意写作老师的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她打电话是为了表达她对他在她的写作事业上产生的影响的感激之情。A. joy欢乐；B. gratitude感激；C. surprise惊讶；D. pride自豪。根据后文“for his impact on her writing career”可知，Abby打电话是为了表达对Tim House老师的感激之情。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Abby回想起House老师的创意写作课是她高中时真正喜欢的唯一一门课。A. recalled回想起；B. observed观察；C. planned计划；D. predicted预测。根据后文“that Mr. House’s creative writing class was the only one class that she 3　 enjoyed in high school.”可知，House老师的创意写作课是她高中时真正喜欢的唯一一门课，这是Abby回想起的事情。故选A。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Abby回想起House老师的创意写作课是她高中时真正喜欢的唯一一门课。A. equally平等地；B. briefly简要地；C. generally一般地；D. truly真正地。根据后文“enjoyed in high school”可知，这是Abby真正喜欢的课程。故选D。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她上了他三年的课，还记得他有趣且鼓舞人心的教学方式。A. formal正式的；B. strict严格的；C. traditional传统的；D. encouraging鼓舞人心的。根据前文“his fun”及后文“teaching style”可知，这是鼓舞人心的教学方式。故选D。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，她从未想过要联系他，直到她成为了一名作家，才意识到他对她的职业生涯产生了多大的影响。A. showing off炫耀；B. hanging out闲逛；C. reaching out联系；D. moving on继续前进。根据前文“Best-selling author Abby called her high school creative writing teacher”和后文“until she became an author and realized how much he had influenced her career”可知，畅销书作家Abby给她高中的创意写作老师打了电话，意识到他对她的职业生涯产生了多大的影响，所以Abby之前没有想过要联系Tim House老师。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，在搬家时翻阅旧物时，Abby发现了她高中的作品。A. found发现；B. threw扔掉；C. tested测试；D. corrected纠正。根据前文“while going through her old belongings during a move”和后文“her high school writings”可知，翻阅旧物时，Abby发现了她高中时的作品。故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到启发，她在社交媒体上发布：“有人认识Tim House老师吗？我很想得到他的电话号码，打电话感谢他对我的鼓励。”A. Confused困惑的；B. Inspired受到启发的；C. Curious好奇的；D. Patient有耐心的。根据前文“And in there were poetry books Mr. House had published, with his full name on them.”和后文“she posted on social media, “Does anyone know Mr. Tim House? I’d love to get his phone number to call and thank him for his encouragement.””可知，Abby发现了她高中的作品，里面还有豪斯先生出版的诗集，上面写着他的全名。Abby受到这件事的启发，在社交媒体上发布了消息。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在两个小时内，回复如潮水般涌来。A. letters信件；B. questions问题；C. responses回复；D. opinions观点。根据前文“she posted on social media, Does anyone know Mr. Tim House?”可知，这是Abby收到的回复。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的追随者设法找到了他，然后把他的号码告诉了Abby。A. admire钦佩；B. guide指导；C. invite邀请；D. locate找到。根据后文“and then they told Abby his number”可知，这是Abby的追随者设法找到的Tim House老师的号码。故选D。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次通话对两人来说都很感性的。A. sympathetic同情的；B. emotional感性的；C. stressful有压力的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据后文“Fighting back tears, Mr. House felt deeply moved and grateful”可知，这次通话对两人来说都很感性的。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：House强忍着泪水，深感感动和感激，他的声音颤抖着说：“正是这样的时刻，让我觉得当老师是一份有价值的职业。我可以激励别人通过写作取得比我更多的成就。”A. moments时刻；B. awards奖项；C. thoughts想法；D. reasons原因。根据后文“like these that make me feel like being a teacher is a worthwhile profession”可知，这是让Tim House老师觉得当老师值得的时刻。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：House强忍着泪水，深感感动和感激，他的声音颤抖着说：“正是这样的时刻，让我觉得当老师是一份有价值的职业。我可以激励别人通过写作取得比我更多的成就。”A. teach教；B. design设计；C. achieve取得；D. send发送。根据后文“a lot more with writing than I ever will”并结合豪斯先生发表过诗集可知，这是指在写作上取得更多的成就。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Abby在网上分享这篇帖子时，许多人在评论中说：“这将让我联系那些对我人生有影响的老师。”A. picture图片；B. post帖子；C. article文章；D. video视频。根据上文“she posted on social media”可知，这是Abby在网上分享的帖子。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：House老师希望这些故事能帮助老师们得到他们应得的认可。A. hope希望；B. concern关心；C. doubt怀疑；D. interest兴趣。根据后文“that these stories would help teachers get some of the recognition”可知，这是House老师的希望。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：House老师希望这些故事能帮助老师们得到他们应得的认可。A. admit承认；B. refuse拒绝；C. escape逃跑；D. deserve值得。根据前文“that make me feel like being a teacher is a worthwhile profession.”、“these stories would help teachers get some of the recognition that they”可知，House老师觉得这些故事能帮助老师们得到他们应得的认可。故选D。 （24-25高三上·山东潍坊·期末）Last week, frozen cookie dough (面团) saved me from myself. It all started when the new neighbor 1 a truck to his house, walked a Ping-Pong table and left it on his front lawn (草坪). He is a college student, and if you live in a college town, you understand that a Ping-Pong table is not 2 a Ping-Pong table. It's a beer-pong table. My husband and I had 3 a property line with 27 students, the sounds of beer pong 4 late into the night and early into the morning. So we 5 to the quieter part of town. And now, here was a new beer-pong table. I come from a long line of 6 folks, and I have always hoped that I'd be the one to change. But when I saw that beer-pong table, the memories of loud noise 7 great anger inside me. So I walked right up to the student's house, knocked on the door and told him that it had to go. 8 , I surprised myself. The rest of the day, I was full of 9 . The unbaked frozen dough in the freezer came into my mind. I hadn't intended to 10 the cookie dough for an apology, but it was handy, waiting to make things 11 . I took action to bake the cookies. Then I walked to the kid's doorstep. “Would you please forgive me?” I asked. He looked down at the plate. For one horrible moment, I 12 him sending cookies across the yard. Instead, his face 13 . “Of course,” he said. I passed the cookies over, my hands 14 . Then I walked back, feeling like I'd witnessed a 15 . 1．A．slowed down B．got on C．drove off D．backed up 2．A．then B．just C．soon D．once 3．A．lived B．kept C．shared D．camped 4．A．extending B．staying C．travelling D．approaching 5．A．drove B．returned C．rushed D．moved 6．A．mean B．negative C．proud D．angry 7．A．generated B．poured C．permitted D．transformed 8．A．Generally B．Frankly C．Suddenly D．Strangely 9．A．relief B．excitement C．shame D．sorrow 10．A．make B．bake C．press D．save 11．A．worse B．better C．right D．easy 12．A．saw B．pictured C．caught D．got 13．A．softened B．darkened C．hardened D．loosened 14．A．spreading B．shaking C．swinging D．withdrawing 15．A．signal B．favor C．wonder D．trust 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者因新邻居的乒乓球桌发怒后感到羞愧，用烤饼干道歉，最终获得对方原谅。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一切都始于新邻居把一辆卡车倒到他家门前，搬下一张乒乓球桌，然后把它放在他家的前草坪上。A. slowed down减速；B. got on上车；C. drove off驶离；D. backed up倒车。由下文“a truck to his house”以及生活常识可知，此处表示把卡车倒到他家门前，这样方便搬东西，所以用 backed up。故选D项。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他是一名大学生，如果你住在大学城，你就会明白一张乒乓球桌不只是一张乒乓球桌。A. then然后；B. just仅仅；C. soon不久；D. once曾经。由下文“It’s a beer-pong table.”可知，在大学城，乒乓球桌不只是用来打乒乓球的，还可以用来玩啤酒乒乓游戏，所以用 just表示“仅仅”。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我丈夫曾与 27 名学生共用一条房产线，啤酒乒乓游戏的声音一直持续到深夜，一直到凌晨。A. lived居住；B. kept保持；C. shared共享；D. camped露营。由下文“a property line with 27 students”以及语境可知，作者和丈夫与 27 名学生共用一条房产线，“share...with...”表示“与…… 共享……”，符合语境。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我丈夫曾与 27 名学生共用一条房产线，啤酒乒乓游戏的声音一直持续到深夜，一直到凌晨。A. extending延伸，持续；B. staying停留；C. travelling旅行；D. approaching接近。由下文“late into the night and early into the morning”以及语境可知，啤酒乒乓游戏的声音从晚上持续到凌晨，extending表示“持续”，符合语境。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我们搬到了镇上更安静的地方。A. drove驾驶；B. returned返回；C. rushed冲；D. moved移动，搬家。根据上文提到因为受不了噪音，以及下文“to the quieter part of town”可知，这里指作者和丈夫搬到了更安静的地方。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我来自一个脾气暴躁的家族，我一直希望自己能成为那个改变的人。A. mean吝啬的；B. negative消极的；C. proud骄傲的；D. angry愤怒的。由下文“when I saw that beer-pong table, the memories of loud noise 7 great anger inside me.”可知，看到啤酒乒乓桌，作者内心产生了极大的愤怒，由此可推测作者来自一个脾气暴躁的家族。故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我看到那张啤酒乒乓桌时，那些喧闹声的记忆在我内心产生了极大的愤怒。A. generated产生；B. poured倾倒；C. permitted允许；D. transformed转变。由上文“the memories of loud noise”和下文“great anger inside me”可知，这里指那些喧闹声的记忆让作者内心产生了愤怒。故选A项。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：坦率地说，我自己都感到惊讶。A. Generally一般地；B. Frankly坦率地；C. Suddenly突然地；D. Strangely奇怪地。由上文“So I walked right up to the student’s house, knocked on the door and told him that it had to go.”可知，作者直接去跟学生说让他把桌子搬走，作者自己对自己的这种行为感到惊讶，Frankly表示“坦率地”，此处表示作者坦率地承认自己的惊讶，符合语境。故选B项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天剩下的时间里，我充满了羞愧。A. relief 宽慰；B. excitement兴奋；C. shame羞愧；D. sorrow悲伤。根据上文作者直接去让学生把桌子搬走，以及下文“I took action to bake the cookies.”可知，作者意识到自己的行为可能不太合适，所以充满了羞愧，才去烤饼干道歉。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本来没打算留存冷冻饼干面团来用于道歉，但它就在那里，等着让事情回归正轨。A. make制作；B. bake烘焙；C. press按压；D. save拯救，留存。由上文“The unbaked frozen dough in the freezer came into my mind.”可知，作者想到了冰箱里未烘焙的冷冻饼干面团，这里说原本没打算save(留存)这些面团来用于道歉，只是顺手恰好有，save有“留存，保存”的意思，符合语境。故选D项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我本来没打算留存冷冻饼干面团来用于道歉，但它就在那里，等着让事情回归正轨。A. worse更糟的；B. better更好的；C. right正确的，使事情回归正轨；D. easy容易的。由上文“I hadn’t intended to 　10　　 the cookie dough for an apology”可知，作者意识到自己的行为不对，感到羞愧，所以想用烤饼干的方式来弥补自己的不当行为，让事情变得right(回归正轨，变得合适)。这里不是单纯说让事情变得更好，而是通过道歉使自己之前的不当行为得到纠正，让事情回到一个合适的状态。make things right是常见表达，意为“使事情恢复正常，纠正错误”。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有那么可怕的一刻，我想象着他把饼干扔到院子对面。A. saw看见；B. pictured想象；C. caught抓住；D. got得到。由上文“For one horrible moment” 以及下文“him sending cookies across the yard”可知，作者在送饼干的时候，想象着学生可能会把饼干扔到院子对面。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，他的脸色缓和了下来。A. softened使缓和；B. darkened使变暗；C. hardened使变硬；D. loosened使放松。由上文“Instead”可知，学生的反应与作者想象的不一样，作者想象学生可能会拒绝，而实际上学生的脸色缓和了下来，接受了作者的道歉。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我递过饼干，我的手在颤抖。A. spreading传播；B. shaking颤抖；C. swinging摇摆；D. withdrawing撤回。根据上文“The rest of the day, I was full of 　9　　.”可知，作者因为自己之前的行为感到羞愧，以及送饼干时内心的紧张可知，作者递饼干时手在颤抖。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我走回去，感觉自己见证了一个奇迹。A. signal信号；B. favor帮助；C. wonder奇迹；D. trust信任。由上文“For one horrible moment, I　　12　　him sending cookies across the yard. ”可知，上文作者想象学生可能会拒绝，而学生却接受了道歉，这让作者感到很意外，所以觉得自己见证了一个奇迹。故选C项。 【类型三：人与自然类记叙文微练】 （2025·广东·一模）One summer day, I was battling a severe headache. So I decided to 1 outside for some fresh air. Little did I know a(n) 2 turn was waiting ahead. I was staring at a fish pond, my 3 rescue dog Misty nearby, when suddenly I 4 . Later, I started awake to find Misty desperately 5 me out of the water, saving me slowly but 6 . She’d managed to get my upper body on land, bringing me around by licking (舔) my face and barking loudly. Once I got to my 7 , she had my wrist in her mouth, guiding me away from the 8 and towards the house, where I could call for help. Clearly, she had been driven by a strong sense of protection, attempting to ensure my 9 . Soon, medical workers arrived. As they attended to me, Misty never left my side. They 10 that I had a slight head injury and said I could have drowned if Misty hadn’t 11 so quickly. Now, whenever I’m in the yard, Misty 12 me and always makes sure she’s between me and the pond. This unique 13 between us fills me with a sense of 14 . Not many people can answer “Who rescued who?” like me because this question 15 a significant personal meaning. 1．A．play B．step C．live D．search 2．A．challenging B．surprising C．unexpected D．unrealized 3．A．devoted B．dull C．gentle D．adorable 4．A．slowed down B．sat down C．stretched out D．passed out 5．A．tearing B．shaking C．lifting D．dragging 6．A．hardly B．slightly C．surely D．helplessly 7．A．feet B．back C．way D．side 8．A．path B．pond C．track D．route 9．A．health B．comfort C．satisfaction D．safety 10．A．determined B．demanded C．promised D．taught 11．A．appeared B．acted C．barked D．delivered 12．A．follows B．avoids C．touches D．licks 13．A．expectation B．thought C．bond D．secret 14．A．achievement B．appreciation C．responsibility D．belonging 15．A．changes B．confirms C．holds D．ignores 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者被救援犬Misty救起并与其建立深厚联系的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定出去走走，呼吸点新鲜空气。A. play玩；B. step走；C. live居住；D. search搜索。根据前文“One summer day, I was battling a severe headache.”可知，作者正在与严重的头痛作斗争。所以作者决定出去走走，呼吸新鲜空气。step outside为固定短语，意为“走出去”。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我压根不知道前方会有一个意想不到的转折。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. unexpected意想不到的；D. unrealized未实现的。根据前文“Little did I know”后文“I was staring at a fish pond, my 3 rescue dog Misty nearby, when suddenly I 4 .”可知，作者突然晕倒了，这是作者压根没想到的事情，所以此处表示“意想不到的转折”。故选C。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正盯着一个鱼塘，我忠诚的救援犬Misty在附近。A. devoted忠诚的；B. dull枯燥的；C. gentle温柔的；D. adorable可爱的。根据后文“saving me slowly but”可知，Misty救了作者，所以此处表示Misty是忠诚的救援犬。故选A。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正盯着一个鱼塘，我忠诚的救援犬Misty在附近，突然我晕倒了。A. slowed down减速；B. sat down坐下；C. stretched out伸出；D. passed out晕倒。根据后文“Later, I started awake to find Misty desperately 5 me out of the water”可知，后文描述作者醒过来，所以此处指作者晕倒了。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我醒来，发现Misty正拼命把我从水里拖出来，慢慢地但坚定地救我。A. tearing撕扯；B. shaking摇晃；C. lifting举起；D. dragging拖。根据后文“me out of the water, saving me slowly”可知，Misty是在救作者，所以此处指Misty把作者从水里拖出来。drag sb. out of...意为“把某人从……拖出来”。故选D。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来我醒来，发现Misty正拼命把我从水里拖出来，慢慢地但坚定地救我。A. hardly几乎不；B. slightly稍微；C. surely确定地；D. helplessly无助地。根据前文“me out of the water, saving me slowly”可知，Misty是在救作者，所以此处指Misty坚定地救作者。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦我站了起来，她就咬住我的手腕，引导我离开池塘，向房子走去，在那里我可以呼救。A. feet脚；B. back背部；C. way道路；D. side边。根据后文“guiding me away from the 8 and towards the house”可知，Misty是在引导作者离开池塘，所以此处指作者站了起来。get to one’s feet意为“站起来”。故选A。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦我站了起来，她就咬住我的手腕，引导我离开池塘，向房子走去，在那里我可以呼救。A. path小路；B. pond池塘；C. track轨道；D. route路线。根据前文“I was staring at a fish pond, my 　3　 rescue dog Misty nearby, when suddenly I 　4　.”可知，作者正盯着一个鱼塘时突然晕倒了，此处表示Misty引导作者离开池塘。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，她受到了强烈的保护感的驱使，试图确保我的安全。A. health健康；B. comfort舒适；C. satisfaction满意；D. safety安全。根据前文“she had been driven by a strong sense of protection, attempting to ensure my”可知，Misty试图确保作者的安全。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们断定我头部受了轻伤，说如果Misty没有这么快行动的话，我可能会淹死。A. determined断定；B. demanded要求；C. promised承诺；D. taught教。根据后文“that I had a slight head injury”可知，医生断定作者头部受了轻伤。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们断定我头部受了轻伤，说如果Misty没有这么快行动的话，我可能会淹死。A. appeared出现；B. acted行动；C. barked吠叫；D. delivered递送。根据前文“Misty desperately 　5　 me out of the water, saving me slowly”和“I could have drowned if Misty hadn’t”可知，Misty救了作者，所以此处指如果Misty没有这么快行动的话，作者可能会淹死。故选B。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我在院子里时，Misty都会跟着我，并确保她在我和池塘之间。A. follows跟随；B. avoids避免；C. touches触摸；D. licks舔。根据后文“and always makes sure she’s between me and the pond”可知，Misty会确保她在作者和池塘之间，所以此处指每当作者在院子里时，Misty都会跟着作者。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们之间这种独特的联系让我充满了感激之情。A. expectation期待；B. thought想法；C. bond联系；D. secret秘密。根据前文“Now, whenever I’m in the yard, Misty 12 　　 me and always makes sure she’s between me and the pond.”和后文“between us”可知，此处表示作者和Misty之间独特的联系让作者有了一种感觉，bond意为“联系”，符合语境。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们之间这种独特的联系让我充满了感激之情。A. achievement成就；B. appreciation感激；C. responsibility责任；D. belonging归属。根据前文“Now, whenever I’m in the yard, Misty 12 　　 me and always makes sure she’s between me and the pond.”可知，每当作者在院子里时，Misty都会跟着作者，作者和Misty之间有着特殊的联系，这让作者充满了感激。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有多少人能像我一样回答“谁救了谁？”这个问题，因为这个问题有着重大的个人意义。A. changes改变；B. confirms确认；C. holds包含；D. ignores忽视。根据后文“a significant personal meaning”可知，这个问题有着重大的个人意义，所以此处表示“包含”。故选C。 （24-25高三上·湖北十堰·期末）Having grown up in northern Arizona with the immortal Grand Canyon and the iron red plateaus of Sedona in my backyard, I am comfortably 1 in my claim that the southwestern state is home to the most beautiful landscapes on the planet. Thus far, no foreign landscapes had 2 . That is, until I was invited to 3 Guizhou Province by the China Storyteller Partnerships Tour. Had someone described how beautiful Guizhou can be in poetic 4 , they would not have done it 5 . There is no 6 for seeing with one’s own eyes. I will attempt to do so here. During my trip around the city of Xingyi, in Guizhou, I saw the artworks of the Bouyei ethnic group. They use dye s produced from local plants to make clothing of 7 blues and greens. Local elders still practice weaving with wooden machines and pass that 8 on to their grandchildren. The history here is 9 , and one could reach out and touch it, and even breathe it. My mother loved to 10 our home with paintings, jewelry and pottery, carefully made by the hands of the Hopi. The designs were ancient, and carried wisdom within them. The Earth is our home, and we celebrate its 11 . I caught that same feeling while 12 the art on display in Xingyi. I’ve lived away from Arizona for 10 long years, 13 my own career in China. I’ve managed to build myself a family, a career, a livelihood, and various 14 projects about the artworks I fancy. I feel 15 I have everything that I need. For a moment, in Guizhou, I felt home. 1．A．favorable B．honored C．confident D．prejudiced 2．A．come across B．come close C．come true D．come out 3．A．introduce B．discover C．appear D．explore 4．A．detail B．peace C．person D．advance 5．A．conventionally B．awfully C．fairly D．obviously 6．A．substitute B．determination C．experience D．satisfaction 7．A．featureless B．striking C．comfortable D．convenient 8．A．effort B．burden C．advantage D．tradition 9．A．fashionable B．capable C．touchable D．global 10．A．decorate B．signal C．sign D．identify 11．A．sights B．wonders C．achievements D．contributions 12．A．tearing B．pointing C．appreciating D．working 13．A．creating B．deciding C．satisfying D．abandoning 14．A．organization B．efficiency C．instruction D．passion 15．A．what if B．as though C．as long as D．in case 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在亚利桑那州北部长大，受到邀请去贵州探索，描述了当地的所见所闻以及作者在中国的生活。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在亚利桑那州北部长大，在我的后院有壮观的大峡谷和铁红色的塞多纳高原，我对自己的说法很有信心：这个西南部的州是地球上最美丽的风景的所在地。A. favorable有利的；B. honored光荣的；C. confident自信的；D. prejudiced有偏见的。根据后文“the southwestern state is home to the most beautiful landscapes on the planet”可知，作者很自信地认为这个西南部的州是地球上最美丽的风景的所在地。故选C。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：到目前为止，没有任何外国风景能与之媲美。A. come across偶遇；B. come close接近，与之媲美；C. come true实现；D. come out出版。上文提到作者认为这个西南部的州是地球上最美丽的风景的所在地，所以到目前为止，没有任何外国风景能与之媲美，come close符合语境。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我被“中国讲故事伙伴之旅”邀请去贵州探险。A. introduce介绍；B. discover发现；C. appear出现；D. explore探索。根据后文“Guizhou Province by the China Storyteller Partnerships Tour”可知，指被邀请去贵州探险。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果有人用诗意的细节来描述贵州的美丽，那就不公平了。A. detail细节；B. peace和平；C. person人；D. advance进步。根据上文“Had someone described how beautiful Guizhou can be in poetic”指通过诗意的细节来描述贵州的美丽，故选A。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果有人用诗意的细节来描述贵州的美丽，那就不公平了。A. conventionally通常；B. awfully可怕地；C. fairly公平地；D. obviously显然。后文提到贵州的美只能亲眼所见，所以用任何词汇来描写都是不公平的。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：什么也代替不了亲眼所见。A. substitute代替品；B. determination决心；C. experience经历；D. satisfaction满足。根据后文“seeing with one’s own eyes”以及上文提到用诗歌描述显得不公平，所以什么也代替不了亲眼所见。故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们使用当地植物生产的染料来制作醒目的蓝色和绿色衣服。A. featureless无特色的；B. striking醒目的，惊人的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. convenient方便的。根据后文“blues and greens”可知，指制作出醒目的蓝色和绿色衣服。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地的老人仍然在用木制机器编织，并将这一传统传给他们的孙子孙女。A. effort努力；B. burden负担；C. advantage优势；D. tradition传统。根据上文“Local elders still practice weaving with wooden machines”可知，指老人将木制机器编织这一传统传给他们的孙子孙女。故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里的历史是可以触摸到的，你可以伸手去触摸它，甚至可以呼吸它。A. fashionable时尚的；B. capable有能力的；C. touchable可触的；D. global全球的。根据后文“one could reach out and touch it”指历史触手可及。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲喜欢用霍皮人精心制作的绘画、珠宝和陶器来装饰我们的家。A. decorate装饰；B. signal示意；C. sign签名；D. identify识别。根据后文“our home with paintings, jewelry and pottery, carefully made by the hands of the Hopi”指用霍皮人精心制作的绘画、珠宝和陶器来装饰家。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：地球是我们的家园，我们赞美它的奇迹。A. sights风景；B. wonders奇迹；C. achievements成就；D. contributions贡献。根据上文“The Earth is our home, and we celebrate its”以及后文作者对艺术品的赞美，推测作者认为地球是我们的家园，我们赞美它的奇迹。故选B。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在欣赏兴义展出的艺术品时也有同样的感觉。A. tearing撕开；B. pointing指着；C. appreciating感激、欣赏；D. working工作。根据后文“the art on display in Xingyi”指欣赏兴义展出的艺术品。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我离开亚利桑那州生活了10年，在中国开创了自己的事业。A. creating创造；B. deciding决定；C. satisfying使满足；D. abandoning抛弃。根据后文“I’ve managed to build myself a family, a career”指作者开创了自己的事业。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经成功地建立了自己的家庭，事业，生计，以及各种关于我喜欢的艺术品的激情项目。A. organization组织；B. efficiency效率；C. instruction指导；D. passion激情。根据后文“projects about the artworks I fancy”指作者建立了各种关于自己喜欢的艺术品的激情项目。故选D。 15．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我好像拥有了我所需要的一切。A. what if如果……怎么办；B. as though好像；C. as long as只要；D. in case万一。根据后文“I have everything that I need”以及引导表语从句，表示“好像”应用as though。故选B。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点12 完形填空之记叙文 考点 五年考情（2020-2025） 考点1 记叙文之人与自我 （5年3考） 2024新课标I卷—跑步感悟目标量力而行; 2022新课标I卷—短暂打工经历体会; 2021新课标II卷—警察生活多样性。 考点2记叙文之人与社会 （5年9考） 2025浙江1月卷--将烹饪爱好变成新型社交模式； 2024新课标II卷—定居意大利的生活; 2024浙江1月卷—火车上偶遇中国男士; 2024九省联考卷—加油站陌生人帮修车; 2023新课标I卷—背受伤女孩到终点线; 2023新课标II卷—飞行员接力帮陌生人送狗; 2023四省联考卷—父亲造成孩子学习困难; 2022新课标I卷---野营趣事; 2022新课标II卷—环球旅行新模式-代为看家 考点3记叙文之人与自然 （5年3考） 2025八省联考卷--老妇人喂鸽子趣事 2023浙江1月卷—养蜂人采蜂； 2020新课标卷—小岛直树保家园。 【题型解读】 1.短文难度基本稳定，词数为250~300,与高中英语教材的难度基本相当。文章多由简单句组成，但并列句和复合句也占有相当的比例，句子结构清晰，易于学生理解。 2.短文选材多是记叙文，故事性强，内容多变，且往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，常出现插叙、倒叙或者夹叙夹议的情况。 3.短文首句一般不设空，以便向学生提供有用的信息，使学生对全文主旨有一个基本的了解。 4.试题考查以情境意义选择为主，着重考查学生的语篇理解能力。由于跨越句子层次的题占绝大多数，这就要求学生通读段落甚至全文，感悟语境，收集上下文信息，采用直接法或排除法做出最佳选择。 【高考考情】 年份 卷别 主题 话题 2025 2025浙江1月卷 人与社会 将烹饪爱好变成新型社交模式 2025八省联考卷 人与自然 老太太海滨喂鸽子趣事 2024 2024新课标I卷 人与自我 不同阶段对不同运动的兴趣和经历 2024新课标II卷 人与自我 意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情 2024全国甲卷 人与自我 祖母的童年故事 2023 2023新课标I卷 人与自我 在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛 2023新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 帮助搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市 2023全国甲卷 人与自我 西红柿和酿的酒 2022 2022新课标I卷 人与自我 工厂打工赚钱 2022新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 通过当看房人来环球旅行 2022全国甲卷 人与自我 从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他 2021 2021新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 警察王先生 2021全国甲卷 人与自我 诚恳道歉信 2020 2020新课标I卷 人与自我 家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相 2020新课标II卷 人与自我 拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画 2020全国甲卷 人与自我 淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾 【设空特点】 1.设空密度稳定。在250~300词的短文中，设空为15个。稳定的设空密度决定了完形填空稳定的命题难度。 2.设空以实词为主，虚词为辅；单词为主，短语为辅。高中英语完形填空试题绝大部分是单词填空，短语填空的题量极少，且以实词(动词、形容词、副词等)为主，虚词(连词、介词等)为辅。这就需要学生根据上下文语境和逻辑关系进行词义辨析。 3.设空词汇均不超出考纲词汇，且仅涉及基本意义和用法。在“瞻前顾后”的前提下，学生只要进行细致推敲和细微辨析，就能够锁定最佳选项。 【解题步骤】 1.通览－速读全文，把握大意。 通览全文，领会短文大意,大致了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等，获得整体印象，弄清行文脉络，找出主旨和关键词。在通读全文时，学生应重视首句的开篇启示作用，注意文中反复出现的主题词，体会作者的行文思路，从宏观上把握全文，找出解题突破口。 2.试填－“瞻前顾后”，先易后难。 结合所给选项细读全文，逐层深入，各个击破。 “瞻前顾后”即前后观察，对空格前后内容深入分析，确定空格在句中的意思。如果是语义问题，要根据上下文完整的语境进行推敲；如果是语法问题，则要考虑整体时态、语态以及词法、句法。“瞻前顾后”时，应特别注意首尾照应，既要明确首句引出全文的重要地位，也不要忽视尾句画龙点睛的作用。先易后难即首先选出能直接确定的答案，如固定搭配、常见句型等，然后回过头来集中精力解决难度较大的问题。 3.复核－全面检查，精选答案，消除疏漏。 试填这一步完成后，应再次通读一遍全文，注意检查所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文意通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整。在复查过程中，如果有某些地方意义含混不清或矛盾，应该依据文章的中心意思再次推敲，反复斟酌，从意义和语法两个角度仔细权衡，加以改正，以便弥补疏漏。 【解题步骤】 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨；关注末段，注意感想重视首句，了解短文话题，明确叙述角度。 叙述角度多为第一人称或第三人称。第一人称从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，从字里行间可读出作者对人物、事物或景色的情感态度。第三人称从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。记叙文的最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪。因此要认真体会作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主旨。 2. 跳空速读全文，明确写作要素跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。 从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和写作要素。作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。基本的写作要素包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。 3. 身临其境，故事重构做题时可采用“角色渗透法”。 所谓“角色渗透法”，就是假设自己是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，走进作者思维，深入理解文章的含义，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，同时要结合文化背景知识和生活常识。 4. 浏览全文，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。 检查要点包括语意是否前后一致；上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整；所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构以及文化背景知识和生活常识是否合理。 【六大妙招】 1.跳读首尾句进行预测 一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 2.利用固定搭配解题 完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。 3.利用复现信息解题 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。 4.利用逻辑关系解题 尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最佳途径。所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的衔接中。通过逻辑关系的方法，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。(1) 句中逻辑关系(2) 句间逻辑关系(3) 段间逻辑关系 5.巧用背景常识解题 解答完形填空题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，还需要把读者头脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起来考虑，最后作出符合常识的最佳答案。因此，考生的知识范围越广，则对文章的理解会更容易，整体上知道所选短文在说什么，那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。因此解答完形填空题时，考生的英语语言知识和有关世界的知识，都发挥着重要的作用。 6.根据文章的感情色彩解题 考生在第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用。 【2025浙江1月卷·人与社会·记叙文】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro 44 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food, 46 new recipes and holding dinner parties. “It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52 . “But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 41. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching 42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money 43. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers 44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises 45. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing 46. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down 47. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train 48. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with 49. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs 50. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital 51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional 52. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem 53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge 54. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise 55. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested 【2025八省联考卷·人与自然·记叙文】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would always see the same elderly lady ___41___ the pigeons (鸽子). The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in ___42___, would gather around her before she even had a ___43___ to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the same each day, part of her ___44___. I found that ___45___ her perform this ordinary task with such ___46___ was both calming and beautiful. On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her ___47___ spot to feed the birds. But, as she ___48___ the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground. I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I ___49___ to get it back for her. ____50____, before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ____51____ picked up the necklace, ____52____ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap. I couldn’t ____53____ my eyes. The old lady, also ____54____, began laughing quietly to herself. I was ____55____ with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset. 41. A. feeding B. pursuing C. training D. collecting 42. A. age B. size C. weight D. number 43. A. wish B. chance C. plan D. reason 44. A. job B. project C. routine D. dream 45. A. watching B. helping C. making D. hearing 46. A. confidence B. enthusiasm C. flexibility D. precision 47. A. original B. parking C. hiding D. usual 48. A. repaired B. approached C. shared D. supported 49. A. slipped in B. ran away C. got up D. turned around 50. A. However B. Afterwards C. Gradually D. Fortunately 51. A. sea B. tree C. pair D. group 52. A. walked B. stuck C. pointed D. flew 53. A. lift B. cover C. believe D. close 54. A. satisfied B. surprised C. annoyed D. frightened 55. A. caught B. hit C. left D. met 【2024新课标I卷·人与自我·记叙文】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 . I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 【2024新课标II卷·人与社会·记叙文】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___41___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___42___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___43___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___44___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___45___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___46___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___47___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___48___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___49___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____50____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____51____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____52____. These meals are always ____53____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____54____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____55____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 44. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 45. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 54. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 55. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified （建议用时：40分钟） 【类型一：人与自我类记叙文微练】 （24-25高三上·湖南益阳·期末）Fresh out of college and newly-married, my husband and I lived in an economically challenged community. We moved from one temporary job to another, 1 making ends meet, with the distant dream of owning a house. Fortunately, by rare chance one day, a(n) 2 came. During a camping trip, we spotted a for-sale sign 3 a piece of land byLake Superior—a potential campsite. This wild piece of waterfront property was relatively inexpensive but needed work to 4 the uncleared land. We were young and energetic,yet unsure whether we should take it. We turned to Steve’s uncle. Uncle Joe was a 5 and kind-hearted man whose 6 we valued. He had previously offered Steve wise advice. “Make 7 decisions that lead to happiness and wealth.” In dwelling on (纠结) the 8 factor of purchasing it, Steve sought his uncle’ s advice again. “Will you regret not seizing this chance?” We knew the answer. The next day,we managed to    9 enough money for our first significant purchase. We then wasted no time 10 a path to the waterfront, and spent every possible moment there, camping, swimming, and building dreams. That pursuit gave us the courage to 11 a bigger project. Two years later, with secure 12 , we used our campsite as collateral (抵押物) to 13 our first house. Steve and I have 14 most of our goals because of a few simple, sound words of 15 : Life is short; seize opportunities. 1．A．easily B．barely C．quickly D．possibly 2．A．event B．dream C．challenge D．opportunity 3．A．hiding B．advertising C．suggesting D．leaving 4．A．farm B．abandon C．protect D．develop 5．A．seasoned B．strict C．humorous D．brave 6．A．story B．account C．opinion D．secret 7．A．simple B．unexpected C．informed D．casual 8．A．beauty B．risk C．health D．time 9．A．collect B．donate C．waste D．save 10．A．following B．clearing C．blocking D．measuring 11．A．take on B．check out C．put away D．make up 12．A．connection B．service C．income D．emotion 13．A．paint B．build C．decorate D．purchase 14．A．accomplished B．missed C．changed D．set 15．A．education B．information C．comfort D．wisdom （24-25高三上·湖北·期末）Rehan Staton, a 24 -year-old former cleaner, was admitted into Harvard Law School. Staton was raised by a single father who worked hard to 1 . him and his brother. Growing up was tough and he used to 2 in school. One teacher even suggested he 3 to a special education class. But under the 4 of a tutor, he ended up making the 5 roll. In high school, he used to be an athlete, 6 on martial arts and boxing. However, an injury ruined the 7 of him turning professional in sports, and he got 8 by every college he had applied to. Instead of pursuing higher education, Staton started working at Bates Trucking & Trash Removal to support his family. There, his co-workers 9 his spirits. Motivated by them, he 10 in Bowie State University in 2014, and in 2016, he 11 to the University of Maryland. Then, he took the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) and applied to nine schools. When reading the law school 12 emails, Staton and his friends were in shock and excitement. 13 , Staton chose to attend Harvard Law School — and he’ll never forget all the 14 people who helped him get there. “Throughout this time, people kind of ask me, ‘How did you do it?’ How could I not do it when everyone is breaking their backs for me, and 15 me to win?” he said. 1．A．stand by B．object to C．call on D．provide for 2．A．entertain B．compete C．struggle D．mature 3．A．listen B．yield C．switch D．refer 4．A．burden B．control C．protection D．guidance 5．A．tuition B．honor C．class D．name 6．A．deciding B．focusing C．taking D．relying 7．A．chance B．interest C．fantasy D．luck 8．A．marked B．abandoned C．denied D．rated 9．A．lifted B．aroused C．accelerated D．kept 10．A．admitted B．settled C．entrolled D．lectured 11．A．transferred B．attended C．registered D．belonged 12．A．recognition B．acceptance C．promotion D．inquiry 13．A．Gradually B．Incredibly C．Literally D．Eventually 14．A．sympathetic B．supportive C．thoughtful D．demanding 15．A．pushing B．pulling C．recommending D．reminding （24-25高三上·福建福州·期末）Participating in the school sports meet’s 1500-meter race was an 1 journey that tested my limits in every stride. As the starting gun echoed through the stadium, 2 electrified my veins, mingling with the anticipation of the challenge ahead. The initial burst of energy propelled me forward alongside my competitors, each of us vying (竞争) for that crucial early 3 . The first lap flew by in a blur of 4 and adrenaline (肾上腺素), but as I settled into a rhythm, the reality of the distance began to 5 upon me. My breath came in uneven gasps, each one a reminder of the physical toll this effort was taking. The sun 6 down mercilessly, its rays piercing through my sweat-drenched shirt, adding another layer of exhaustion to the mix. By the halfway mark, legs that once felt springy now felt like 7 . My lungs burned, and doubt crept into my mind—could I really push through to the end? Yet, amidst (在...之中) the pain and fatigue, a spark of 8 lit up inside my body. I remembered the countless hours of training, the early mornings, and the late nights dedicated to this moment. I knew I owed it to myself to give it my 9 . With 10 determination, I dug deep into my reserves of strength. Each step forward became a battle against the mounting fatigue, but also a testament to my 11 . The crowd’s cheers, though distant and faint, served as a beacon (象征) of 12 , reminding me that I wasn’t alone in this fight. As I entered the final stretch, the pain was almost 13 , but so was the desire to triumph. With a final, desperate surge of adrenaline, I pushed my body to its absolute 14 . The finish line loomed closer, a beacon of relief and accomplishment. Crossing it in approximately 5minutes and 20seconds, I collapsed forward, spent but 15 . The announcement of my victory as the first-place finisher echoed in my ears, a sweet symphony of validation for all the hard work and sacrifice. In that moment, the pain was eclipsed by the overwhelming sense of achievement, knowing that I had conquered not just the race, but also myself. 1．A．easy B．arduous C．pleasant D．relaxing 2．A．excitement B．tension C．nerves D．anger 3．A．lead B．goal C．victory D．advantage 4．A．focus B．determination C．courage D．bravery 5．A．dawn B．shine C．fall D．rise 6．A．shone B．beat C．bore D．hung 7．A．iron B．wood C．steel D．lead 8．A．inspiration B．motivation C．resilience D．ambition 9．A．all B．effort C．best D．nothing 10．A．reduced B．renewed C．increased D．solid 11．A．weakness B．strength C．laziness D．perseverance 12．A．despair B．encouragement C．disappointment D．frustration 13．A．unbearable B．bearable C．pleasant D．enjoyable 14．A．peak B．bottom C．limit D．extreme 15．A．sad B．exhilarated C．bored D．disappointed 【类型二：人与社会类记叙文微练】 （24-25高三上·广东揭阳·期末）Best-selling author Abby called her high school creative writing teacher, Tim House, after 27 years. She called to express her 1 for his impact on her writing career. Abby 2 that Mr. House’s creative writing class was the only one class that she 3 enjoyed in high school. She took his class for three years and remembered his fun and 4 teaching style. However, she never thought of 5 until she became an author and realized how much he had influenced her career. Recently, while going through her old belongings during a move, Abby 6 her high school writings. And in there were poetry books Mr. House had published, with his full name on them. 7 , she posted on social media, “Does anyone know Mr. Tim House? I’d love to get his phone number to call and thank him for his encouragement.” Within two hours, the 8 flooded in. Her followers managed to 9 him and then they told Abby his number. The phone call was 10 for both of them. Fighting back tears, Mr. House felt deeply moved and grateful, his voice shaking as he said, “It’s 11 like these that make me feel like being a teacher is a worthwhile profession. I can inspire someone to 12 a lot more with writing than I ever will.” When Abby shared that 13 online, many people in the comments said, “This is going to make me contact teachers who made a difference in my life.” Mr. House expressed 14 that these stories would help teachers get some of the recognition that they 15 . 1．A．joy B．gratitude C．surprise D．pride 2．A．recalled B．observed C．planned D．predicted 3．A．equally B．briefly C．generally D．truly 4．A．formal B．strict C．traditional D．encouraging 5．A．showing off B．hanging out C．reaching out D．moving on 6．A．found B．threw C．tested D．corrected 7．A．Confused B．Inspired C．Curious D．Patient 8．A．letters B．questions C．responses D．opinions 9．A．admire B．guide C．invite D．locate 10．A．sympathetic B．emotional C．stressful D．embarrassing 11．A．moments B．awards C．thoughts D．reasons 12．A．teach B．design C．achieve D．send 13．A．picture B．post C．article D．video 14．A．hope B．concern C．doubt D．interest 15．A．admit B．refuse C．escape D．deserve （24-25高三上·山东潍坊·期末）Last week, frozen cookie dough (面团) saved me from myself. It all started when the new neighbor 1 a truck to his house, walked a Ping-Pong table and left it on his front lawn (草坪). He is a college student, and if you live in a college town, you understand that a Ping-Pong table is not 2 a Ping-Pong table. It's a beer-pong table. My husband and I had 3 a property line with 27 students, the sounds of beer pong 4 late into the night and early into the morning. So we 5 to the quieter part of town. And now, here was a new beer-pong table. I come from a long line of 6 folks, and I have always hoped that I'd be the one to change. But when I saw that beer-pong table, the memories of loud noise 7 great anger inside me. So I walked right up to the student's house, knocked on the door and told him that it had to go. 8 , I surprised myself. The rest of the day, I was full of 9 . The unbaked frozen dough in the freezer came into my mind. I hadn't intended to 10 the cookie dough for an apology, but it was handy, waiting to make things 11 . I took action to bake the cookies. Then I walked to the kid's doorstep. “Would you please forgive me?” I asked. He looked down at the plate. For one horrible moment, I 12 him sending cookies across the yard. Instead, his face 13 . “Of course,” he said. I passed the cookies over, my hands 14 . Then I walked back, feeling like I'd witnessed a 15 . 1．A．slowed down B．got on C．drove off D．backed up 2．A．then B．just C．soon D．once 3．A．lived B．kept C．shared D．camped 4．A．extending B．staying C．travelling D．approaching 5．A．drove B．returned C．rushed D．moved 6．A．mean B．negative C．proud D．angry 7．A．generated B．poured C．permitted D．transformed 8．A．Generally B．Frankly C．Suddenly D．Strangely 9．A．relief B．excitement C．shame D．sorrow 10．A．make B．bake C．press D．save 11．A．worse B．better C．right D．easy 12．A．saw B．pictured C．caught D．got 13．A．softened B．darkened C．hardened D．loosened 14．A．spreading B．shaking C．swinging D．withdrawing 15．A．signal B．favor C．wonder D．trust 【类型三：人与自然类记叙文微练】 （2025·广东·一模）One summer day, I was battling a severe headache. So I decided to 1 outside for some fresh air. Little did I know a(n) 2 turn was waiting ahead. I was staring at a fish pond, my 3 rescue dog Misty nearby, when suddenly I 4 . Later, I started awake to find Misty desperately 5 me out of the water, saving me slowly but 6 . She’d managed to get my upper body on land, bringing me around by licking (舔) my face and barking loudly. Once I got to my 7 , she had my wrist in her mouth, guiding me away from the 8 and towards the house, where I could call for help. Clearly, she had been driven by a strong sense of protection, attempting to ensure my 9 . Soon, medical workers arrived. As they attended to me, Misty never left my side. They 10 that I had a slight head injury and said I could have drowned if Misty hadn’t 11 so quickly. Now, whenever I’m in the yard, Misty 12 me and always makes sure she’s between me and the pond. This unique 13 between us fills me with a sense of 14 . Not many people can answer “Who rescued who?” like me because this question 15 a significant personal meaning. 1．A．play B．step C．live D．search 2．A．challenging B．surprising C．unexpected D．unrealized 3．A．devoted B．dull C．gentle D．adorable 4．A．slowed down B．sat down C．stretched out D．passed out 5．A．tearing B．shaking C．lifting D．dragging 6．A．hardly B．slightly C．surely D．helplessly 7．A．feet B．back C．way D．side 8．A．path B．pond C．track D．route 9．A．health B．comfort C．satisfaction D．safety 10．A．determined B．demanded C．promised D．taught 11．A．appeared B．acted C．barked D．delivered 12．A．follows B．avoids C．touches D．licks 13．A．expectation B．thought C．bond D．secret 14．A．achievement B．appreciation C．responsibility D．belonging 15．A．changes B．confirms C．holds D．ignores （24-25高三上·湖北十堰·期末）Having grown up in northern Arizona with the immortal Grand Canyon and the iron red plateaus of Sedona in my backyard, I am comfortably 1 in my claim that the southwestern state is home to the most beautiful landscapes on the planet. Thus far, no foreign landscapes had 2 . That is, until I was invited to 3 Guizhou Province by the China Storyteller Partnerships Tour. Had someone described how beautiful Guizhou can be in poetic 4 , they would not have done it 5 . There is no 6 for seeing with one’s own eyes. I will attempt to do so here. During my trip around the city of Xingyi, in Guizhou, I saw the artworks of the Bouyei ethnic group. They use dye s produced from local plants to make clothing of 7 blues and greens. Local elders still practice weaving with wooden machines and pass that 8 on to their grandchildren. The history here is 9 , and one could reach out and touch it, and even breathe it. My mother loved to 10 our home with paintings, jewelry and pottery, carefully made by the hands of the Hopi. The designs were ancient, and carried wisdom within them. The Earth is our home, and we celebrate its 11 . I caught that same feeling while 12 the art on display in Xingyi. I’ve lived away from Arizona for 10 long years, 13 my own career in China. I’ve managed to build myself a family, a career, a livelihood, and various 14 projects about the artworks I fancy. I feel 15 I have everything that I need. For a moment, in Guizhou, I felt home. 1．A．favorable B．honored C．confident D．prejudiced 2．A．come across B．come close C．come true D．come out 3．A．introduce B．discover C．appear D．explore 4．A．detail B．peace C．person D．advance 5．A．conventionally B．awfully C．fairly D．obviously 6．A．substitute B．determination C．experience D．satisfaction 7．A．featureless B．striking C．comfortable D．convenient 8．A．effort B．burden C．advantage D．tradition 9．A．fashionable B．capable C．touchable D．global 10．A．decorate B．signal C．sign D．identify 11．A．sights B．wonders C．achievements D．contributions 12．A．tearing B．pointing C．appreciating D．working 13．A．creating B．deciding C．satisfying D．abandoning 14．A．organization B．efficiency C．instruction D．passion 15．A．what if B．as though C．as long as D．in case ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$