寒假语法专题——现在完成时（2） 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

2025年八下英语寒假语法专题——现在完成时（2）（第八次课） 高频考点 一、短语辨析 have been to 去过某地已经回来 She has been to Beijing twice. 她去过北京两次。 have gone to 去了某地还未回来 She has gone to Beijing. 她去北京了。 have been in 一直在某地 She has been in Beijing for three months. 她在北京已经三个月了。 二、固定句式 (1) It is + the+序数词+ time+ that+现在完成时。 It is the first time that I have seen the movie.这是我第一次看这部电影。 (2) This is+ the+形容词最高级(+名词)+ that+现在完成时。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 三、瞬间性动词&延续性动词 在现在完成时中。 延续性动词可与 for、since、how long 等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 瞬间性动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 The movie has begun.电影已经开始了。 瞬间性动词 She has worked for ten hours.她已经工作十个小时了。 延续性动词 注意：在表示持续性的现在完成时句子里，需要将瞬间性动词转换为延续性动词。 The movie has been on for five minutes.电影已经开始5分钟了。 begin 某些瞬间性动词与延续性动词可以根据使用场景进行相互转换，常见的有： 含义 瞬间性动词 延续性动词 含义 瞬间性动词 延续性动词 开始 begin/ start be on 借 borrow keep 来 come be here 去 go be there 结束 finish be over 离开 leave be away 感冒 catch a cold have a cold 睡觉 fall asleep be asleep 买 buy have 回来 come back be back 死亡 die be dead 关 close be closed 穿上 put on wear 开 open be open 加入 join be in/ be a member of 丢失 lose be lost 结婚 marry be married 到达 arrive stay Practice 【小试牛刀】 一、单项选择。 ( )1. My father isn’ t with us. He has _____ to Shanghai. He_____ there last week. He has _____ there 3 times. A. been; go; been B. gone; went; been C. been; gone; gone D. gone; went; gone ( )2. The public places, such as restaurants and cinemas, _____ since last month. (黑龙江牡丹江中考) A. have been closed B. have closed C. closed D. has been closed ( )3. — Where's Mr. Yang? — He _____ Longquan Mountain in Danzhai. He _____ there three times becausehe enjoys the local scenery. (贵州黔东南中考) A. has gone to; has been B. has gone to; has gone to C. has been to; has gone D. has been to; has been to 4. The meeting _____2 hours ago. It _____ for 2 hours. A. starts; has been on B. started; has been C. starts; has been D. started; has been on 5. — What's the best park in the city?— Of course, the East Lake Park. I_____ there last week, and I_____ there many times. A. went; have been B. have gone; have been C. have been; have gone D. went; have gone ( )6. Li Hong has _____ the army (陆军) for two years. A. joined B. be in C. been in D. joined in ( )7. Mike _____ the book for a month. A. has bought B. has had C. had had D. has borrowed ( )8. Mr. Black _____ China since the summer of 1998. A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to ( )9. His father _____ for years. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies ( )10. - Beibei, is Mr. Chen in the office? - No. He _____ for half an hour. A. left B. has left C. has been away D. leaves ( )11. - Is Miss Green in the office? - No, she _____ to the library. A. goes B. had gone C. has gone D. would go ( )12. My father isn’ t with us. He has _____ to Shanghai. He_____ there last week. He has _____ there 3 times. A. been; go; been B. gone; went; been C. been; gone; gone D. gone; went; gone 二、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 1. More than fifty countries _____(join) the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank so far. 2. I have to tell you the truth, the writer _____(give away) most of his money to charity already. 3. I think we _____(pay) attention to the education problems of children in villages in recent years. 4. — Is Mr. Black still single? — No, he _____(marry) for two months by now. (湖北鄂州中考) 5. — Is everybody here? — No, sir. Jim _____(not arrive) yet. He is still on the way. (江苏无锡中考) 6. The famous star _____(die) for nearly 15 years. 7. The goldfish has been _____(die) for an hour. 8. The old couple have been _____(marry) for twenty years. 9. She _____(have) this dress for two weeks. 10. My neighbor, Mr. Brown, has been _____(die) for two years. 【现在完成时综合练习】 1. — The days of collecting snow to use in sweet drinks _____ history. — We can enjoy sherbet and ice cream all year round. A. has become B. have become C. become D. will become 2. Tom needs $1,000 to buy a computer. But _____ he has only made $500. A. so far B. so as to C. so that D. so much 3. Which of the following is CORRECT? A. It's high time we will take measures to stop the pollution. B. Keep your eyes shut when you will do eye exercises. C. Lucy, we need to leave now! The film has begun for five minutes. D. The boy had finished reading the book by the end of last month. 4. — It's said that two years _____ since the old man _____ . — I'm sorry to hear that. A. has passed, has dead B. has passed, died C. have passed, died D. have passed, has died 5. It's the third time you _____ late for school this week. A. were B. are C. had been D. have been 6. The meeting _____2 hours ago. It _____ for 2 hours. A. starts; has been on B. started; has been C. starts; has been D. started; has been on 7. Who _____ away my bike? It was here just now. A. has taken B. took C. will take D. takes 8. — What's the best park in the city?— Of course, the East Lake Park. I_____ there last week, and I_____ there many times. A. went; have been B. have gone; have been C. have been; have gone D. went; have gone 9. The little girl's story has _____ A. touch B. touched C. take D. taken 10. He _____ in this factory for 20 years already. A. will work B. works C. has worked D. is working 11. The water in this lake _____ by the factories around it. A. be polluted B. pollute C. was polluted D. being polluted 12. Premier Zhou _____ for many years, but he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people. A. died B. was died C. has been dead D. has been died 13. Our old friends _____a lot in recent years. A. Change B. Changed C. will change D. have changed 14. Our hometown _____a lot in recent years. A. have changed B. have been changed C. has changed D. has been changed 15. — Have you _____ the food _____ the little cat? It must be hungry now. — Oh, sorry! I forgot. A. feed; on B. feed; to C. fed; on D. fed; to 16. Mary _____ in bed with the doll Mum has _____ beside her. A. laid; lay B. lay; lain C. lay; laid D. laid; laid 17. The Wenchuan earthquake has passed for over ten years. During these years, great changes _____ in Sichuan and this province is becoming better and better. A. took place B. take place C. have taken place D. are taking place 18. Though I_____ the film three times, I hope to see it again. A. see B. will see C. have seen D. would see 19. — _____ you _____ these young trees?— Not yet. A. Did; water B. Have; watered C. Are; watering D. Do; water 20. — Is your father at home now?— No, he _____ to Fan Changjiang Memorial with his friends. A. has been B. has gone C. will go D. went 21. The hero _____ many flowers and letters these days. A. received B. has received C. accepted D. has accepted 22. — May I speak to Mr. Lee?— Sorry, he _____ Harbin. He _____ the city for two days. A. has been to; has been in B. has gone to; has been to C. has gone to; has been in D. has been to; has been to 23. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _____ in China since 2010. A. has stayed B. Stayed C. Stays D. was staying 24. Don't return the video to Peter. I_____ it. A. don't watch B. won't watch C. haven't watched D. wasn't watch 25. Since then, they _____ each other. A. haven't met B. don't meet C. didn't meet D. won't meet 26. — Hi, Tom!_____ you ever _____ the Bird's Nest?— Yes, I have. It's fantastic(极好的). A. Have; been to B. Have; gone to C. Did; go to D. Do; go to 27. The book just came out last month, and we _____ it yet. A. read B. don't read C. have read D. haven't read 28. — When will your father come back?— Oh, he _____ . And he is cooking now. A. arrives B. is arriving C. has arrived 29. — Huai’ an is very beautiful. I_____ there last year.— Yes,I_____ there twice. A. went; have gone B. went; have been C. have gone; went D. have been; went 30. Mr Smith _____ here for almost ten years, and he has many Chinese friends. A. has been B. left C. has come D. came 31. — Why not play basketball with Class 1 this afternoon?— Because they _____ Huai’ an for a school trip. A. have gone to B. have been to C. had gone to D. had been to 32. Jack _____ Rose in 2000. That is to say, they _____ for nearly 23 years. A. got married with; have got married B. got married to; have married C. married; have been married D. married to; have been married 【升级练习：语法充分小练】 1. Many people _____ the Forbidden City for many times, but they still want to go and enjoy literature and art there. A. go to B. went to C. have been to D. will go to 2.— What do you usually do in your spare time? —I often go to our community library. It _____ for two years in order to encourage us to read more. A. opens B. has opened C. has been opened D. has been open 3.— Is that Miss Green? — That can't be Miss Green. She _____ to America with her family. A. went B. has gone C. had gone D. goes 4.—I saw Mr. Li in his office just now. — No, it _____ be him. He has _____ Guangzhou and will be back in two days. A. mustn't; gone to B. mustn't; been to C. can't; been to D. can't; gone to 5. The Shanghai Students' Post _____a great help in my English learning since 2016. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been 6. This book must be great. My sister _____ it five times. A. reads B. has read C. is reading D. was reading 7.— Kitty, will you go to the flower show with me tomorrow? — Thank you for asking, but I _____ there already. A. had been B. was C. have been D. will be 8. David _____ many things since he became interested in science. A. is learning B. was learning C. will learn D. has learned 9. So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones _____a lot. A. is increasing B. are increasing C. has increased D. have increased 10.—_____ you ever _____ to Hong Kong so far? — Yes. I went there last year. A. Have; gone B. Have; been C. Did; go D. Will; go 11. Zhang Guimei _____ many girls from poor areas for over 40 years. A. helps B. helped C. will help D. has helped 12. Amy _____ with a Chinese family for two years. Now she's used to the life in China. A. stays B. would stay C. is staying D. has stayed 13.—_____ you _____ about Naxi Ancient Music yet? — Yes,I have. It is a part of Naxi culture. A. Has; heard B. Have; heard C. Did; hear D. Do; hear 14.— Have you heard of the accident on this road last night?— Yes. And there _____ three accidents here so far this year. A. are B. were C. have been D. had been 15.— Oh, hi, I'm looking for a pair of shoes. — Well, you _____ to the right place. We have a lot of shoes in our shop. A. came B. were coming C. will come D. have come 16. Beijing _____ an increasing number of cultural and historical parks in recent years. A. develops B. developed C. has developed D. was developing 17. Martin _____ German for over five years. He works as a tour guide in Germany now. A. studied B. was studying C. has studied D. had studied 18. — Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please! — What a pity! It is eight o' clock now. It _____ for a while. A. has been over B. was over C. has finished D. finished 19.— Would you like to see the movie Zootopia (《疯狂动物城》) with us? —I'd love to! But I _____ it twice. A. saw B. see C. will see D. have seen 20.— Do you know the Color Run, a five-kilometer race? — Yes. So far it _____ into quite a few cities in our country. A.comes B. came C. has come D.come 21.— Lisa, why are you still here? School is over. —I_____ my classroom yet. I need fifteen more minutes. A. don't clean B. haven't cleaned C. didn't clean D. won't clean 22. William Shakespeare _____ for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A. died B. was dying C. has died D. has been dead 23. We _____ each other since I came to Shanghai, but we send e-mails very often. A. don't see B. didn't see C. won't see D. haven't seen 24. I_____ Mr. Smith since he moved to Shanghai. A. didn't hear from B. don't hear from C. won't hear from D. haven't heard from 25. — Mike, I haven't seen your elder sister for a long time. — She _____ Hong Kong on business for a few days. A. went to B. has gone to C. has been to D. has been in 【现在完成时综合练习】参考答案 1【答案】C 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：很多人已经去过故宫很多次了，但他们仍然想去那里欣赏文学和艺术。goto去, 一般现在时; went to去, 一般过去时; have been to去过, 现在完成时; will go to 将要去, 一般将来时。根据"formany times"可知，此句用现在完成时，此处表示去过故宫很多次了，对故宫已有所了解。故选C。 2【答案】D 【解析】此句翻译为：—— 你在空余时间通常做什么?—— 我经常去社区图书馆。为了鼓励我们阅读更多，它已经开两年了。考查的语法点为现在完成时态。opens动词的一般现在时的第三人称单数；has opened 已经打开；has been opened 已经被打开; has been open现在完成时, 形容词作表语, 表示一直开着。根据"for two years"此处表示的是从过去开始，一直延续的动作。open是非延续性动词，此处用形容词形式 be open表示状态，可以延续。现在完成时用 has been open。因此此题选 D。 3【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 那是格林小姐吗?—— 那不可能是格林小姐。她和家人去了美国。考查现在完成时。根据"That can't be Miss Green. " 可知, 用 has gone to, 表示“去了某地还未回来”。故选B。 4【答案】D 【解析】考查情态动词辨析和短语辨析。词汇分析:mustn't 禁止;can't 不可能,不能;have gone to 表已经去某地去了,人不在说话的地方;have been to 表曾经去过某地,现在已经回来了。根据句中 will be back in twodays，可以推断第一空应为一种推测"不可能"，为 can't，表此人还没有回来，所以第二空应为 has gone to。句意：—我刚才在李先生的办公室看见他了。—不，不可能是他。他去广州了，两天后才回来。故正确答案为：D。 5【答案】D 【解析】句意：从2016年以来，《上海学生报》对我的英语学习帮助很大。考查时态。根据"since 2016"可知用现在完成时, 其结构为 have/ has done。故选 D。 6【答案】B 【解析】此句翻译为：这本书一定很棒。我妹妹已经读了五遍。考查的语法点为时态。根据"My sister… it fivetimes."可知，强调动作已经完成的次数，用现在完成时，因此此题选B。 7【答案】C 【解析】考查现在完成时的基本用法。句意：一凯蒂，你明天和我一起去看花展好吗?—谢谢你的邀请，但我已经去过了。A. had been 过去完成时; B. was一般过去时; C. have been 现在完成时; D. will be一般将来时。根据答语"谢谢你的邀请，但我已经去过了"，考虑用现在完成时 have been。故选C。 8【答案】D 【解析】考查现在完成时。句子的中文意思：自从 David对科学感兴趣以来，他已经学习了很多东西。根据"since he became interested in science" 可知, 句子应用现在完成时, 其谓语结构为: have/ has+过去分词。所以答案为D。 9【答案】C【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，使用5G手机的人数增加了很多。根据句首的"So far"可知，本空应用现在完成时，所以排除A、B。又因为"thenumber of+名词"作主语时，谓语动词要用单数，所以排除D。故选C。 10【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：—— 到目前为止你去过香港吗?—— 是的。我去年去过那里。根据时间状语 so far可知, 本句要用现在完成时态 have done, 排除CD; have been to表示去过某个地方已经回来; have gone to 表示去了还没回来，可能在去的途中或者已经到了目的地。结合答句I went there last year.可知，去了回来了，故答案为B。 11【答案】D 【解析】句意：40多年来，张桂梅帮助了许多来自贫困地区的女孩。考查现在完成时。根据"for over 40 years"可知，句子的状语是 for后跟一段时间，应使用现在完成时，故选D。 12【答案】D 【解析】句意：艾米在一个中国家庭住了两年了。现在她已经习惯了中国的生活。考查时态。stay"停留，暂住", 根据"for two years"可知, 此处用现在完成时, 故选 D。 13【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你听说过纳西族古代音乐吗?—— 是的，我听说过。它是纳西族文化的一部分。考查动词时态。根据“Yes,I have.”和“yet”可知问句也是现在完成时, 且主语是 you, 助动词用 have。故选B。 14【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 你听说昨晚这条路上发生的事故了吗?—— 听说了。今年这里已经发生了三起事故了。考查现在完成时态。根据“so far”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为 have/has+过去分词。故选C。 15【答案】D 【解析】句意：—— 哦，嗨，我想买双鞋。——嗯，你来对地方了。我们店里有很多鞋子。考查现在完成时。根据"Well, you … to the right place. We have a lot of shoes in our shop. "可知, 强调来对地方对现在有影响——能买到想要的鞋子，所以用现在完成时，结构是 have/has done。故选D。 16【答案】C 【解析】句意：北京近些年已经开发了越来越多的文化和历史公园。考查现在完成时。根据"inrecent years"可知句子时态为现在完成时, 其谓语结构为"have/ has+ done", 故选C。 17【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：马丁学德语已经五年多了。他现在在德国当导游。studied一般过去时；wasstudying 过去进行时; has studied 现在完成时; had studied 过去完成时。"for+一段时间"表示某事持续了多长时间，常和现在完成时连用，有时也可以和一般将来时、一般过去时连用。根据"for over five years"和"他现在在德国当导游。"可知此句时态使用现在完成时。故选C。 18【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：—— 妈妈，我想看我们学校的新闻。请换频道！—— 真遗憾！现在是八点钟。它已经结束一段时间了。 has been over已经结束了, 现在完成时; was over结束了, 一般过去时; has finished 已经结束了，现在完成时；finished结束，一般过去时。根据语境可知，学校新闻已经结束了，这件事对“现在不能观看了”产生了影响，故应为现在完成时，故排除 B、D两项。另句中 for a while 表示一段时间，与现在完成时连用时，应用延续性动词，而动词 finish为瞬时性动词，不能在现在完成时中与一段时间连用，故排除C项。beover表示延续性动作，可在现在完成时中与时间段连用，即 has been over。 19【答案】D 【解析】句意：—— 你想和我们一起看电影《疯狂动物城》吗?—— 我很乐意！但我已经看过两次了。考查现在完成时态。根据“twice”可知此处用现在完成时, 谓语结构为: have/ has done。故选 D。 20【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 你知道彩色跑吗，五千米的赛跑?—— 知道。到目前为止，它已经流入了我国的几个城市。考查现在完成时。根据"So far"可知表达的动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响，故用现在完成时，其谓语结构为: have/ has+过去分词。故选 C。 21【答案】B 【解析】本题考查现在完成时。句意：—— Lisa，为什么你还在这儿?已经放学了。——我还没打扫完我的教室，我还得需要15分钟。yet仍然，还，是现在完成时的标志。所以正确答案是B。 22【答案】D 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：威廉·莎士比亚已经去世400年了，但他的作品现在仍然有很大的影响力。"for+一段时间"常与现在完成时连用，且谓语动词一般用延续性动词，因此 has been dead 符合题意。故选D。 23【答案】D 【解析】句意：自从我来到上海我们就没有再见到对方，但是我们邮件往来十分频繁。详解：don't see没有见到, 一般现在时; didn't see, 一般过去时; won't see, 一般将来时; haven't seen, 现在完成时, 本题考查现在完成时，since提示前文是从过去某一时间点持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，所以选D。 24【答案】D 【解析】句意：自从史密斯先生搬去上海以来，我一直没有收到他的信。考查现在完成时。根据"since he movedto Shanghai"可知, 此处为现在完成时, 因主语是I, 故用助动词 have not+过去分词, 故选D。 25【答案】D 【解析】根据 for a few days可知，这些天一直在香港，表示从过去的时间一直延续到现在，应用现在完成时；又根据 has been to“去过”和 has gone to“去了”都不能与时间段连用可知,应排除BC;要表示在哪里待多长时间应用延续性动词短语 be in表状态。故选 D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$