Unit 7International charities讲义 -2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册

8BU7 【重点词汇】 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.零花钱 ________________________ 2.有......剩下_______________________ 3.我太虚弱了，走不动了______________ 4.太…而不能_______________________ 5.为每个人提供基础教育 _______________ 6.防止一些严重疾病的蔓延____________ 7.一份与奥比斯医生的采访_____________ 8.大部分在贫困地区__________________ 9. 80%的这些病例__________________ 10.能够被预防或治愈___________________ 11.有钱付医学治疗 ___________________ 12.给某人做手术 ____________________ 13.被用作 _______________________ 14.负担不起做某事 __________________ 15.被邀请做某事_______________________ 16.在飞机（船、火车）上 _______________ 17.做某事很自豪/因某事而自豪 _________ 18.改善他们的生活 ___________________ 19.通过训练他们 __________________ 20.继续开展某人的工作________________ 21.去看病_______________________ 22.治疗有眼疾的人___________________ 23.分发_______________________ 24.在......帮助之下_____________________ 25.建立/被建立_______________________ 26.使世界成为孩子们生活的更好地方_______________________ 27.作为志愿者工作____________________ 28.阻止他们生病_______________________ 29.习惯做某事_______________________ 30.能做某事_______________________ 31.拥有和以前一样的钱________________ 32.一位联合国儿童基金会官员___________ 33.入学_______________________ 【知识点详解】 知识点1：have some pocket money left (P92) 剩下一些零花钱 →某人剩下某物_______________________ →剩下… _______________________ 　　 例如：She has spent all her money on this book. Now she has none left. 　　 Hurry up. There is little time left.　 知识点2：It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world. (P93) 它帮助每个人建立一个更好的世界，特别是全世界的学生。 all over the world =_______________________ 例：He likes travelling all over the world. 知识点3：It provides basic education for children in poor areas. (P93) 它给贫困地区的孩子提供基本的教育。 (1) provide sb with sth.=_______________________. 例：I am happy that you have provided so many interesting books for us. 拓展：为某人提供某物_______________________ (2) education n. 教育 ______________ adj. 教育的 ______________ 例如：They're cutting (削减)funds（经费）for education. (3) in poor areas 在贫困地区 area n. 地区 例如：The survey(调查) was carried out in both urban(城市)and rural (乡下) areas. 面积 例如：The islands cover a total area of 400 square miles. 知识点4：It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS, among young people. (P93)它也为一些严重的疾病在年轻人中传播而工作，例如艾滋病。 (1) prevent vt. ①阻止 prevent sb (from) doing sth =_______________________ = _______________________ 注意keep做“阻止”之意时介词_______________________。 例如：He said this would prevent companies from creating new jobs. ②预防 例如：Further treatment will prevent cancer(癌症) from developing. (2) spread n.扩散；分布；展开 例如：The greatest hope for reform(改革) is the spread of information. 知识点5：About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured.（P94） 全世界大约有两亿八千五百万人是盲人或有其他的眼睛问题，绝大多数是在贫困地区，这些案例中大约有80%可以预防或治愈。 (1) mostly adv.主要地；大部分地；一般地， 例如：We’re mostly out on Sundays.我们星期天一般不在家。　 　 (2) per cent百分数，如：80%读作eighty per cent。 当百分数作主语时，谓语动词的形式由_________________ 而定，与“就近原则”相似。 例如：①71% of the earth is covered with water. ②Twenty per cent of the students are from the countryside.　　 (3) cure v. 治愈 cure of ______________ 例如：The doctor devoted himself to the cure of cancer(癌症). 知识点6：However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. (P94) 然而，许多人没有钱治疗。 (1) medical adj. 医学的；医疗的， medical history病史，medical records病历，medical examination体检，medical examiner法医，medical treatment医治 medicine n. 医学；内服药， Chinese medicine中药，traditional Chinese medicine中医， take/ have the medicine服药，study medicine学医 (2) treat ①vt.治疗→______________ n.治疗，在治疗中 ______________ ②vt.对待 treat sb as… ＝______________把…看作…；把…视为…， 例如：①Don’t treat him as a child. ②People regard Jet Lee as a talented(有才能的) actor.　　 ③treat v. 治疗 treat for… 例如：My sister is being treated for a heart condition. treatment n. 治疗 例如：She is under treatment. 　 知识点7：On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations.(P94) 在飞机上，志愿者医生做手术。 (1) volunteer n. volunteer doctors 志愿者医生 vi. 志愿做某事______________ adj.志愿的 ______________ do voluntary work做义工 (2) do operations. 做手术 还可表述为___________________________________________ do an operation on sb.=operate on sb. 给某人做手术 operate→operation→operating room手术室→operating table手术台　　 operate v.操作， 例如：Can you operate computers? This machine doesn’t operate well. 　 知识点8：Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. (P94) 我们的许多病人很穷，连去医院的钱都没有，所以我们得去他们那里。　　 ⑴afford sth买得起…；有时间做…，通常与can, could, be able to连用，一般用于否定句、疑问句中。例如：Can we afford a new car? ⑵afford to do sth有足够的钱做某事 例如：We can’t afford to buy a new house. Can they afford to go abroad this summer?　　 知识点9：I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives.(P95) 我很自豪帮助人们再次看见并提高他们的生活。　 (1) proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 pride n.骄傲　　 ①be proud to do sth因做某事而骄傲/自豪 例如：I’m proud to be a member of the team.　　 ②be/feel proud of…以…为骄傲/自豪 例如：He is proud of his achievements. ③be/feel proud＋ that从句，以…为荣 例如：She’s proud that her son has so much talent. ④be the pride of…是…的骄傲， 例如：His great success is the pride of us.　 (2) life→lives生活；生命 例如：A nurse began to try to save his life. (3) improve改进；改善；提高 例如：You need more practice to improve your English.　 知识点10： But more money is needed to carry on with our work.(P95) 但是需要更多的钱，以继续我们的工作。　 carry on with sth ＝______________ ＝______________ ＝______________继续做某事 例如：They carried on working, though they were very tired. 知识点11：the condition of being unable to see (P96) 不能看见的状况 (1) be able to＋动词原形，常用于一般现在时、一般过去时，也与情态动词must, may或助动词will等连用。 例如：You must be able to speak French for this job. 　　 can/could＋动词原形，只用于______________。　　 (3) able有才能的→_________能力→_________残疾的, able→______________不能的→______________不能　 知识点12：set up (P100) grow up 成长 give up 放弃 go up ________ make up _________ put up _________ take up _________ sent up ___________ clean up 清理，打扫 　 知识点13：部分动词、形容词加后缀可以变为名词，常见的有以下三种情况：　　 ⑴部分动词＋后缀_________→名词：agree→agreement, advertise→advertisement＝ad, develop→development, punish→punishment, improve→improvement　　 ⑵部分动词＋后缀________→名词：invent→invention, collect→collection, donate→donation, educate →education, celebrate→celebration, organize→organization, invite→invitation, connect→connection　　 ⑶形容词＋后缀________→名词：ill→illness, sick→sickness, rich→richness, kind→kindness, ugly →ugliness, careless→carelessness, fit→fitness, great→greatness, careless→carelessness (粗心)　　 知识点14：…many chidren’s lives were changed because of the war…(P101) …因为战争，许多孩子的生活被改变… (1) life n. 生活，生命 复数：lives 例： A nurse began to try to save his life. Many people lost their lives in the war. (2) because of 因为，由于 后接代词/名词/动词的ing形式 because 后接句子 例： She was absent from school because of illness. =She was absent from school because she was ill. 知识点15：UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities. (P101)联合国儿童基金会通过卖圣诞卡片和组织其他的活动来筹集资金。 (1) raise vt. 筹集，提高，升起，举起 例： They raised the money to buy the house and two hundred acres（英亩）of land. Don't raise your voice to me! They had raised the white flag in surrender（投降）. He raised his hand to wave. 拓展：rise vi. 升起 The sun rises in the east. (2) organize vt. 组织 n.______________ In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter. Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary organizations. 知识点16：People can support it by donating money or working as volunteers. (P102)人们通过捐钱和做志愿者来支持它。 (1) support vt.支持，抚养 n. 支持 n. supporter 支持者 例： The vice president insisted that he supported the hard-working people of New York. The president gave his full support to the reforms（改革）. (2) donate money donate vt. 捐献 n. donation make a donation to…→make donations to…＝______________…向…捐款 例： He ofen donates much money to charity. What we could do is to make donations for them. 知识点17：Open your mouth and let me have a check.(P102) 张开你的嘴巴，让我检查一下。 check vt. 核实，检查 例： We arrived at the airport, checked our baggage and wandered （逛逛）around the gift shops. n. 核实，检查 例： Let the doctor have a check. 知识点18：…divide a piece of writing into sentences, phrases, etc.(P103) 将一篇文章拆分为句子，短语等。 divide…into… 把…分成… 例： The watermelon is divided into twelve pieces. The students are divided into three groups. 知识点19：He was the same size as my little finger!(P103)他和我的小手指一样大。 the same size as… 和…尺寸一样大= as big as … Our school is the same size as yours. = Our school is as big as yours. 拓展：常见类似用法还有 as high as=______________ as heavy as=______________ 知识点20：She made up her mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work.(P104) 她下定决心在工作后来培训成一名护士并参加课程。 (1) make up one’s mind 下定决心做… 例： Once he made up his mind to do something, there was no stopping him. mind v. 介意，注意 n. 想法 例： I don't mind the noise during the day. I'm trying to clear my mind of all this. (2) train vt. 培养，训练 n. trainer 教练员 He was training us to be soldiers. She went to the gym（健身房） with her personal trainer. 【同步例题分析】 例1：单选 1. The FIFA World Cup is _____fantastic that a lot of people in the world are crazy about it. A. such B. so C. very D. almost 2. I remember you have some pocket money___________. A. leave B. leaving C. to leave D. left 3. The women are very kind __________these children. A. at B. of C. for D. to 4. You _________worry about her, She will be all right. A. needn’t to B. don’t need C. don’t have to D. not need 5. Simon often donates money to__________ because he loves animals. A. Oxfam B. UNICFEF C. ORRBIS D. World Wide Fund for Nature 6. Li Lin often practices English ___________ chatting with her American friends. A. in B. by C. for D. With 7. The young man used to __________ to work, but he is used to __________ to work now. A. drive; walking B. drove; walked C. drive; walks D. driving; walk 8. ORBIS uses a flying eye hospital _____________ poor countries. A. to visit B. visit C. visited D. visiting 9. Yao Ming is a great basketball player. We are proud ________him. A. to B. of C. for D. At 10. The shop assistant showed her many bags, but she chose __________ expensive one. A. less B. the less C least D. the least 例2：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. If you want to keep_________(health), you’d better eat more vegetables and fruit. 2. I’m not used to ___________(go) out before breakfast. 3. Which do you think the children in poor areas need __________(much) 4. You used to__________(be) kind to me, didn’t you ? 5. Hurry up! There is only five minutes __________ (leave). 6. We have tried our best to carry on __________ (send) donations to ORBIS. 7. There are ___________ (many) people in poor countries than in rich countries. 8. How many ____________ (operate) do you perform during a visit? 9. I won’t return the book to library because I _________ (not finish) reading it yet. 10. -Do you know the __________(interview) on TV? -Of course. He is Shui Junyi from CCTV. 【课堂检测】 一、根据句意、首字母或中文提示写出单词 1. How many ___________(国际的) charities are there in the world , do you know? 2. He was too tired to go any f_________. 3. I think h_________ care is the most important. 4. He stood there, with his hands in his___________(口袋). 5. I’ll take you to a new r__________ to eat some delicious food next Sunday. 6. Children here can get much better__________(教育) than those in poor areas. 7. I can’t ___________(买得起) to go to the 2010 World Cup. 8. The doctors should be friendly to the p_________ in the hospital. 9. On the plane, ____________ (志愿者) doctors perform operations on blind people. 10. By t_____________ local doctors and nurses, more people can be treated and cured. 二、根据所给中文完成下列句子 1.我们的英语老师过去对他的学生很友善。 Our English teacher ____________________________________his students. 2.李平的小弟弟习惯午饭前吃零食。 Liping’s little brother ________________________________before lunch. 3.不用担心，我们还剩一点时间 Don’t worry, and we still________________________________________. 4.我已在网上收集了一些有关国际慈善机构信息。 I________________________ some information _____________ on the Internet. 课后作业 1． 单项选择 1. —She’s never been abroad before, ___________? —___________. She went to Japan last year. A. has she; Yes, she has B. has she; No, she has C. hasn’t she; Yes, she has D. hasn’t she; No, she has 2. The tent is ____________ for a family of three ____________. A. big enough; to live B. enough big; to live in it C. big enough; to live in D. enough big; live in [来源:学科网XK] 3. They were too busy _________ with each other __________ the time. A. talking, to forget B. talking, to remember C. to talk, to forget D. to talk, to remember 4. Hard work can bring you _____________, but if you are lazy, you won’t become ___________. A. success; successful B. successful; successful C. successful; success D. success; success 5. Would you please ___________ me _____________ to do next? A. to tell; how B. to tell; what C. telling; how D. tell; what 6. This is the best way I can think of __________ him _________ computer games. A. to prevent; to play B. to prevent; playing C. preventing; playing D. preventing; to play 7. Sailing on a snowy day means_______ in the sea, A. to risk losing life B. risking losing life C. to risk to lose life D. risking to lose life 8.—“ Mrs Green. Do you think I can get an “A” in the final exam if I start working hard now? —Of course. _____________　　　. A. Better late than never B. Many hands make light work C. You cannot burn the candle at both sides D. Actions speak louder than words 9. Jim sat close to his mother with his eyes half _________. A. opened B. open C. opening D. close 10. —Could you tell me how long__________? —For about one hour. A. has the film begun B. the film has begun C. has the film been on D. the film has been on 11. Will this be ___________? A. too heavy for you to carry B. too heavy for you to carry it C. so heavy for you to carry D. so heavy for you to carry it 12.—Look at the noisy kids! —Haven’t you heard the saying “When the cat is away, the mice ______”? A. play B. played C. are playing D. will play 13. —I just can’t stop worrying about the result of the job interview. —_______. There’s nothing you can do but wait. A. Good luck B. Go ahead C. Go for it D. Relax 14. How nice the apple juice ________! A. tastes B. is tasting C. tasted like D. tastes like 15. Doctor Wang’s house _______, but he was still _______. A. is in the fire; at the work B. is in fire; at work C. was on the fire; at the work D. was on fire; at work 16. I have a lot of things to do, but it’s _____ that we can’t miss it. A. so an important B. such an important match C. so important match D. such important match 17.—It’s great to help those special athletes make their dreams come true. —Yes. Maybe that is ______this event is so different from other usual games! A. where B. when C. why D. what 18. We’ll _______ some money by holding a charity show, then _______ it to poor students in the west. A. raise, raise B. donate, donate C. raise, donate D. donate, raise 19. The little girl writes her own songs and plays the guitar _______. A. also B. either C. as well D. as well as 20. Mother went out _______ her baby _______. A. leaving; cry B. leaving; crying C. left; cried D. left; to cry 21. While walking through the rainforest last year, they couldn’t _______ each other on the phone because of no signal (信号). A. see B. keep in touch with C. have a look a D. get to know 22. The famous artist came _______ and stopped to look at the painting _______. A. close; closely B. closely; close C. close; close D. closely; closely 二、词汇运用 1. Chinese parents usually _____________(期待) too much of their children. 2. The two children have _____________(相似的) qualities. They are both brave and outgoing. 3. People usually start a ______(谈话)by talking about the weather. 4. Mr. Wu often spends a lot of time _____________(解释) things to us. 5. After hours of_____________ (discuss), they let through the report in the end. 6. It is ___________ (polite) to leave before others finish the meal. 7. Keeping working hard is the only way of ____________(实现) your dreams. 8. Can you help me to write an_______ (介绍)to your talk? 9. This new invention should be introduced to the ___________(年老的). 10. We will work _____(close) with other developing countries according to President Xi’s talk. 11. Can I have a ________(medicine) examination today? I don’t feel well. 12. Arnold gave me a __________ (mean) look, and it made me shameful (丢脸的). [来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K] 13. Our parents are the __________ (close) people to us in the world. 三、动词填空 1. In the coming years, land __________ (become) more and more expensive. 2. You don’t need to worry about your son too much as he _____________(pass) the exam. 3. Miss LI can’t decide which shop to go to ___________ (buy) her favourite shirt. 4. —May I use your computer? —I _____________(prepare) for my exam. Help yourself, please. 5. The woman did everything she could to avoid _____________(see) the ugly man. 6. He_________ (shake) my hand and led me into the dining hall. 7. I’m sorry I don’t know who came in just now because I _____________(think) about something important. 8. He will pass the driving test if he ______________(not be) so careless. 9. He is a very famous doctor and he always __________(operate) on two or three patients a day. 10. —Do you have any problems if you ____________(offer) this job? —Well, I’m thinking about the working hours. 11. The young should be allowed _________(achieve) their dreams on their own. 12. The blind are thankful to the doctor because he _________(help) them see again. 13. I ________(not go) to the cinema with my friend as I had watched the film twice. 14. —I saw Jane and her boyfriend shopping at eight yesterday evening. —Impossible. She _________(watch) TV with me in my home then. 15. _________(make) the room more beautiful, they put some flowers on the balcony. 四、完成句子 1. 那些志愿者都乐意帮助改善穷人的生活。 Those volunteers are all willing to ____________________________________ of poor people. 2. 这道题太难了，他们算不出来。 The problem is____________________________________. 3. 你跟有智力障碍的人交流有困难吗？ Do you have ____________________________________________ people with intellectual disabilities? 4. 你最好不要插别人的话。 You’d better ______________________________________ 5. 设立公共标志是保护我们免受危险的一个正确方式。 Putting up public signs is _____________________________________. 6. 你不经常与父母保持联系是不对的。 It’s wrong____________________________with your parents________________. 7. 为了照顾生病的妈妈，那个年轻的作家已放弃写作。 The young man’s __________ __________ __________ to look after the sick mother. 8. 山姆与朋友共享他最爱的玩具有点困难。 Sam had only a little ___________________ his favourite toys __________ friends. 9. 本次讲座的目的是教孩子们吃饭的规矩。 __________________________________ children rules for eating. 10. 为什么不多给他一次机会向你解释呢？ Why not give him _______________________________________ you? 参考答案 【重点词汇】 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. pocket money 零花钱 2.have sth. left 有-----剩下 3. I’m too weak to walk any further. 我太虚弱了，走不动了。 4. too… to 太…而不能 5. provide basic education for everyone 为每个人提供基础教育 provide sth. for sb.= provide sb. with sth..给某人提供某物 6. prevent the spread of some serious diseases防止一些严重疾病的蔓延 7. an interview with an ORBIS doctor 一份与奥比斯医生的采访 have an interview with sb.= interview sb.采访某人 8.mostyly in poor areas 大部分在贫困地区 9. 80 per cent of these cases 80%的这些病例 10.can be prevented or cured 能够被预防或治愈 11. have money for medical treatment有钱付医学治疗 12. use its Flying Eye Hospital to visit poor areas 使用它的飞行眼科医院来参观贫困地区 13. perform / do an operation 做手术 operate on sb. 给某人做手术 be operated on 14. be used as ---- 被用作 15. can’t afford to do sth. 负担不起做某事--- 16. be invited to do sth. 被邀请做某事 17.on board在飞机（船、火车）上 18. be proud to do sth./be proud of sth.做某事很自豪/因某事而自豪 19. improve their lives 改善他们的生活 20. by training them 通过训练他们 21. carry on with one’s work 继续开展某人的工作 22. go to hospital 去看病 23.treat people with eye operations 治疗有眼疾的人 24.hand out /give out分发 25.with one’s help =with the help of --- 在----帮助之下 26.set up /be set up 建立/被建立 27.make the world a better place for children 使世界成为孩子们生活的更好地方 28.work as a volunteer 作为志愿者工作 29.prevent them from getting illnesses 阻止他们生病 30.get toothache 牙疼 31.have a check 检查一下 32.no time to be nervous any more 没时间再紧张了 33.train as a nurse/train to be a nurse 训练成一名护士 34.be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 35.make up one’s mind to do sth.决定做某事 36.attend courses参加课程 37.be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 38.be able to do sth.能做某事 39.have as much money as before 拥有和以前一样的钱 40.a UNICEF officer一位联合国儿童基金会官员 41.enter a school 入学 【知识点详解】 知识点1：have some pocket money left (P92) 剩下一些零花钱 →Sb have sth left某人剩下某物 →There be sth/sb left.剩下… 　　 例如：She has spent all her money on this book. Now she has none left. 　　 Hurry up. There is little time left.　 知识点2：It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world. (P93) 它帮助每个人建立一个更好的世界，特别是全世界的学生。 all over the world =around the world 全世界 例：He likes travelling all over the world. 知识点3：It provides basic education for children in poor areas. (P93) 它给贫困地区的孩子提供基本的教育。 (1) provide sb with sth.=provide sth for sb. 例：I am happy that you have provided so many interesting books for us. 拓展：offer sb sth.=offer sth to sb. 为某人提供某物 (4) education n. 教育 educational adj. 教育的 例如：They're cutting (削减)funds（经费）for education. (5) in poor areas 在贫困地区 area n. 地区 例如：The survey(调查) was carried out in both urban(城市)and rural (乡下) areas. 面积 例如：The islands cover a total area of 400 square miles. 知识点4：It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS, among young people. (P93)它也为一些严重的疾病在年轻人中传播而工作，例如艾滋病。 (1) prevent vt. ①阻止 prevent sb (from) doing sth =stop sb (from) doing sth= keep sb from doing sth 注意keep做“阻止”之意时介词from不能省。 例如：He said this would prevent companies from creating new jobs. ②预防 例如：Further treatment will prevent cancer(癌症) from developing. (3) spread n.扩散；分布；展开 例如：The greatest hope for reform(改革) is the spread of information. 知识点5：About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured.（P94） 全世界大约有两亿八千五百万人是盲人或有其他的眼睛问题，绝大多数是在贫困地区，这些案例中大约有80%可以预防或治愈。 (4) mostly adv.主要地；大部分地；一般地， 例如：We’re mostly out on Sundays.我们星期天一般不在家。　　 (2) per cent百分数，如：80%读作eighty per cent。当百分数作主语时，谓语动词的形式由百分数后面的名词而定，与“就近原则”相似。 例如：①71% of the earth is covered with water. ②Twenty per cent of the students are from the countryside.　　 (3) cure v. 治愈 cure of 治愈… 例如：The doctor devoted himself to the cure of cancer(癌症). 知识点6：However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. (P94) 然而，许多人没有钱治疗。 (1) medical adj. 医学的；医疗的， medical history病史，medical records病历，medical examination体检，medical examiner法医，medical treatment医治 medicine n. 医学；内服药， Chinese medicine中药，traditional Chinese medicine中医， take/ have the medicine服药，study medicine学医 (2) treat ①vt.治疗→treatment n.治疗，under the treatment在治疗中 ②vt.对待 treat sb as…＝regard sb as…把…看作…；把…视为…， 例如：①Don’t treat him as a child. ②People regard Jet Lee as a talented(有才能的) actor.　　 ③treat v. 治疗 treat for… 例如：My sister is being treated for a heart condition. treatment n. 治疗 例如：She is under treatment. 　 知识点7：On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations.(P94) 在飞机上，志愿者医生做手术。 (1) volunteer n. volunteer doctors 志愿者医生 vi. volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事 adj. voluntary 志愿的 do voluntary work做义工 (2) do operations. 做手术 还可表述为have/perform/ carry out operations. do an operation on sb.=operate on sb. 给某人做手术 operate→operation→operating room手术室→operating table手术台　　 operate v.操作， 例如：Can you operate computers? This machine doesn’t operate well. 　 知识点8：Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. (P94) 我们的许多病人很穷，连去医院的钱都没有，所以我们得去他们那里。　　 ⑴afford sth买得起…；有时间做…，通常与can, could, be able to连用，一般用于否定句、疑问句中。例如：Can we afford a new car? ⑵afford to do sth有足够的钱做某事 例如：We can’t afford to buy a new house. Can they afford to go abroad this summer?　　 知识点9：I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives.(P95) 我很自豪帮助人们再次看见并提高他们的生活。　 (1) proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 pride n.骄傲　　 ①be proud to do sth因做某事而骄傲/自豪 例如：I’m proud to be a member of the team.　　 ②be/feel proud of…以…为骄傲/自豪 例如：He is proud of his achievements. ③be/feel proud＋ that从句，以…为荣 例如：She’s proud that her son has so much talent. ④be the pride of…是…的骄傲， 例如：His great success is the pride of us.　 (4) life→lives生活；生命 例如：A nurse began to try to save his life. (4) improve改进；改善；提高 例如：You need more practice to improve your English.　 知识点10： But more money is needed to carry on with our work.(P95) 但是需要更多的钱，以继续我们的工作。　 carry on with sth＝carry on doing sth＝continue to do sth＝continue doing sth继续做某事 例如：They carried on working, though they were very tired. 知识点11：the condition of being unable to see (P96) 不能看见的状况 (1) be able to＋动词原形，常用于一般现在时、一般过去时，也与情态动词must, may或助动词will等连用。 例如：You must be able to speak French for this job. 　　 can/could＋动词原形，只用于一般现在时、一般过去时。　　 (2) able有才能的→ability能力→disabled残疾的, able→unable不能的→be unable to不能　 知识点12：set up (P100) grow up 成长 give up 放弃 go up 上升 make up 弥补、化妆 put up 提供，建造 take up 拿起，从事 sent up 发射 clean up 清理，打扫 　 知识点13：部分动词、形容词加后缀可以变为名词，常见的有以下三种情况：　　 ⑴部分动词＋后缀ment→名词：agree→agreement, advertise→advertisement＝ad, develop→development, punish→punishment, improve→improvement　　 ⑵部分动词＋后缀ion→名词：invent→invention, collect→collection, donate→donation, educate →education, celebrate→celebration, organize→organization, invite→invitation, connect→connection　　 ⑶形容词＋后缀ness→名词：ill→illness, sick→sickness, rich→richness, kind→kindness, ugly →ugliness, careless→carelessness, fit→fitness, great→greatness, careless→carelessness (粗心)　　 知识点14：…many chidren’s lives were changed because of the war…(P101) …因为战争，许多孩子的生活被改变… (1) life n. 生活，生命 复数：lives 例： A nurse began to try to save his life. Many people lost their lives in the war. (3) because of 因为，由于 后接代词/名词/动词的ing形式 because 后接句子 例： She was absent from school because of illness. =She was absent from school because she was ill. 知识点15：UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities. (P101)联合国儿童基金会通过卖圣诞卡片和组织其他的活动来筹集资金。 (1) raise vt. 筹集，提高，升起，举起 例： They raised the money to buy the house and two hundred acres（英亩）of land. Don't raise your voice to me! They had raised the white flag in surrender（投降）. He raised his hand to wave. 拓展：rise vi. 升起 The sun rises in the east. (2) organize vt. 组织 n. organization In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter. Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary organizations. 知识点16：People can support it by donating money or working as volunteers. (P102)人们通过捐钱和做志愿者来支持它。 (3) support vt.支持，抚养 n. 支持 n. supporter 支持者 例： The vice president insisted that he supported the hard-working people of New York. The president gave his full support to the reforms（改革）. (4) donate money donate vt. 捐献 n. donation make a donation to…→make donations to…＝donate money to…向…捐款 例： He ofen donates much money to charity. What we could do is to make donations for them. 知识点17：Open your mouth and let me have a check.(P102) 张开你的嘴巴，让我检查一下。 check vt. 核实，检查 例： We arrived at the airport, checked our baggage and wandered （逛逛）around the gift shops. n. 核实，检查 例： Let the doctor have a check. 知识点18：…divide a piece of writing into sentences, phrases, etc.(P103) 将一篇文章拆分为句子，短语等。 divide…into… 把…分成… 例： The watermelon is divided into twelve pieces. The students are divided into three groups. 知识点19：He was the same size as my little finger!(P103)他和我的小手指一样大。 the same size as… 和…尺寸一样大= as big as … Our school is the same size as yours. = Our school is as big as yours. 拓展：常见类似用法还有 The same height as… = as high as The same weight as…= as heavy as … 知识点20：She made up her mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work.(P104)她下定决心在工作后来培训成一名护士并参加课程。 (1) make up one’s mind 下定决心做… 例： Once he made up his mind to do something, there was no stopping him. mind v. 介意，注意 n. 想法 例： I don't mind the noise during the day. I'm trying to clear my mind of all this. (3) train vt. 培养，训练 n. trainer 教练员 He was training us to be soldiers. She went to the gym（健身房） with her personal trainer. 【同步例题分析】 例1：单选 1. The FIFA World Cup is _________fantastic that a lot of people in the world are crazy about it. A. such B. so C. very D. almost 解析：such+名词，so+形容词/副词 答案：B 2. I remember you have some pocket money___________. A. leave B. leaving C. to leave D. left 解析：本题考查的是left作为“剩余的”用法。 答案：D 3. The women are very kind __________these children. A. at B. of C. for D. to 解析：be kind to sb. 对某人友好 答案：D 4. You _________worry about her, She will be all right. A. needn’t to B. don’t need C. don’t have to D. not need 解析：have to 不得不 need 做实意动词 用法为：need to do 其否定句式为don’t/doesn’t need to do sth;做情态动词 用法为：need do sth，其否定句式为needn’t do sth. 答案：C 5. Simon often donates money to__________ because he loves animals. A. Oxfam B. UNICFEF C. ORRBIS D. World Wide Fund for Nature 解析：保护动物的机构有：World Wide Fund for Nature 答案：D 6. Li Lin often practices English ___________ chatting with her American friends. A. in B. by C. for D. With 解析：by为介词，加动名词 答案：B 7. The young man used to __________ to work, but he is used to __________ to work now. A. drive; walking B. drove; walked C. drive; walks D. driving; walk 解析：used to 曾经，过去常常；be ued to doing 习惯于 答案：A 8. ORBIS uses a flying eye hospital _____________ poor countries. A. to visit B. visit C. visited D. visiting 解析：use sth to do 用某物做某事 答案：A 9. Yao Ming is a great basketball player. We are proud ________him. A. to B. of C. for D. At 解析：be proud of 因…而自豪 答案：B 10. The shop assistant showed her many bags, but she chose __________ expensive one. A. less B. the less C least D. the least 解析：形容词最高级the least 答案：D 例2：用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. If you want to keep_________(health), you’d better eat more vegetables and fruit. 解析：keep+形容词 保持健康 答案：healthy 7. I’m not used to ___________(go) out before breakfast. 解析：be uesd to doing 习惯于 答案：going 8. Which do you think the children in poor areas need __________(much)？ 解析：need most 最需要 答案：most 9. You used to__________(be) kind to me, didn’t you ? 解析：use to do sth 过去常常 答案：be 10. Hurry up! There is only five minutes __________ (leave). 解析：there is/are sth.left 有…剩余 答案：left 7. We have tried our best to carry on __________ (send) donations to ORBIS. 解析：carry on doing 继续做某事 答案：sending 8. There are ___________ (many) people in poor countries than in rich countries. 解析：注意审题，than前用比较级 答案：more 9. How many ____________ (operate) do you perform during a visit? 解析：how many +可数名词复数 答案：operations 10. I won’t return the book to library because I _________ (not finish) reading it yet. 解析：注意yet, 用现在完成时 答案：haven’t finished 10. -Do you know the __________(interview) on TV? -Of course. He is Shui Junyi from CCTV. 解析：注意名词interviewer 答案：interviewer 【课堂检测】 一、根据句意、首字母或中文提示写出单词 1-5 international further health pocket restaurant 6-10 education afford patients volunteer training 二、根据所给中文完成下列句子 1. used to be kind to 2. is used to eating snacks 3. have a little time left 4. have searched for, about international charities 课后作业 2． 单项选择 BCBAD;BBABD; ADDAD; BCCCB; BA 二、词汇运用expect；similar； conversation；explaining；discussion；impolite；Realizing/achieving；introduction；elderly；closely；medical；meaningless ；closest 三、动词填空 will become; Has passed；To buy；Am preparing；To see；shook；Was thinking；Isn’t；operates；Are offered；To achieve；Has helped；Didn’t go；Was watching；To make 四、完成句子 improve the life too difficult for them to work out. Difficulty (in) communicating with the not cut in on others a proper way to protect us from danger. For you not to communicate; from time to time Given up writing Trouble sharing; with The purpose of the talk is to teach One more/another chance to explain to 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$