Unit 2 Natural disasters【单元卷•考点卷】(单词短语句型语法)-2024-2025学年高一英语单元速记•巧练（译林版2020必修第三册）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 2 Natural disasters 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．More than any other type of literature, poetry usually implies a deeper meaning the words on the page. 2．If envy is allowed to grow violently, it’s (destroy) to all excellence. 3．News of their safety came as a great (relieve). 4．Traffic lights are there to guide traffic in an (order) way. 5．Standing on the top floor, he could see the tall tower in the (distant). 6．People read newspapers and magazines to keep themselves (inform) of what is going on in the world outside. 7．A typhoon is a (destroy) storm that occurs in the North-west Pacific Ocean. Typhoons are quite common in South-East Asian countries. 8．His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius (erupt). 9．A lot of survivors (rescue) by the soldiers in the earthquake-stricken area since yesterday. 10．This fire moved and changed in color with every moment: now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an/a (bear) light! 11．The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge waves (crash) into the coast. 12．John was at loss as to how to use the new machine. 13．It immediately (occur) to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 14．“We can’t do that, honey,” explained Mum, “ the moving water could wash the car away!” 15．The news of his death caused a great to all of us. (shock) 16．There is a lot of evidence (confirm) the US was funding military-biological projects in Ukraine (乌克兰). 17．Smith, I’ll send you (confirm) of the arrangements by the end of this week. 18．A café with a peaceful and casual atmosphere is popular among young customers, especially if (locate) in a quiet building. 19．Such dangers can have (disaster) impacts not only on the sites themselves but also on people. 20．When she packed her suitcase before heading to Wuhan, her daughter was (scare) to tears. 21．The students were (curiosity) about the people who lived upstairs. 22．The hurricane must (cause )a lot of damage yesterday. 23．He remains a (tower) f igure in China as a famous doctor as well as a kind medical professor. 24．Why do I measure the (long) of the landmark inside instead of outside? 25．The new network will enable data (process) more speedily. 26．Anyone who bothers to consult the facts, a basic requirement for a journalist, can easily find out that such claims are (entire) false. 27．China has already lifted about 800 million people out of extreme (poor) within a short span of four decades. 28．Spanish is the main (office) language used in Peru. 29．The country’s (economy) growth has been steady over the past decade. 30．Many species in the Amazon rainforest are in danger of (extinct) due to human activities. 31．To meet the country’s carbon neutrality (碳中和) commitment, China’s (inform) technology companies should set a goal of sourcing 100 percent renewable energy by 2030. 32．The young girl ran down the (stair), and went out of the building, disappearing in the dark street very soon. 33．Almost without thinking, I bent down and (hug) her tightly. 34．In economic terms, this decision is (disaster). 35．Hearing the news, my immediate (react) was one of shock. 36．We hope it can arouse students’ (aware) of water crisis. 37．What they expected to be the (remove) of a small lump turned out to be major surgery. 38．I fell in love with it (instant) and continued with ballet dancing for about ten years. 39．Voters approved the plan by a narrow (major). 40．They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from (injure) and for several other bodily functions. 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．There is a fire (通道) on each floor of the building. 2．The company (通知) me that my job application hadn’t been successful last week. 3．We had to carry the piano up three flights of (楼梯). 4．Although seriously (受伤), he managed to struggle to his feet and moved slowly ahead. 5．We all made a sigh of r when we heard that he was safe. 6．I was a astonished by the reaction to appearance. 7．The d of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. （ 8．But 67% (总共)will frequently skip their midday meals, with the average person only managing to take a proper break from their work around midday three days a week. 9．What is the usual (程序) for setting up a new school? 10．You can't imagine the (毁灭性的) power of modern weapons. 11．Venice is one of the hottest tourist d in the world. 12．Sanya is a popular holiday d . 13．The party turned out to be a success far b their expectations. 14．Small companies can’t compete in the face of cheap (进口制品). 15．As we are playing, I looked up and saw daddy in the d (远方). 16．War has made life almost u (无法忍受) for the civilians remaining in the capital. 17．How excited I was when I saw the ancient tower in the (远方) ! 18．Dr. Martin suggested Jeremy should try long- (距离) running to prevent diseases. 19．If you d (使与……保持距离) yourself from negative people, positive things start happening. 20．Xiaomi Su7, the new model of electric car is so expensive that it is (超出) the reach of those with average income. 三．按照要求完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．It (被想到) me that I had left the door unlocked. 2．He tried to (保持冷静) when he saw a bear approaching him.   3． (为了) ensure success, we must have a complete and thorough plan.   4．You must remind him to take his medicine, (万一) he forgets. 5．I was relieved to hear that you arrived home (安然无恙). 6． (你曾想过) that you would be a doctor? 7．After (到达目的地), you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 8．You will not reach your goal immediately—you need to go on a journey to a remote and (未知的目的地). 9．In the globalized world, diseases can spread (到处) via international travel and trade. 10．The cakes in that party (呈现……形状) animals, attracting children’s interest. 11．父母应该避免在公众场合批评孩子，因为这可能会伤害他们的自尊。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12．我示意我老公赶紧离开那家旅游纪念品商店，因为店里卖的东西没有一件是我俩买得起的。(range) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 13．当这场大火爆发时，她示意她的学生们迅速离开教室。(break out; signal to sb…) 14．据证实，他向慈善机构捐款了数百万美元。(confirm; donate... to...) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 15．由于他们的帮助，Tom安然无恙地回到了家。(due; safe and sound) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 16．据报道，为了阻止这样的灾难再次发生，当地正在采取有效的措施。 (进行时被动语态) 17．最好的运动员之一受伤了，且队长因为心脏问题必须离开。(过去完成时) 18．即使是30分钟的跑步也将缓解你可能由于压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张。 19．当我走的时候，我朝冰淇淋店老板指了指手腕，又耸了耸肩。(signal) 20．事实上,许多自然灾害与人类活动休戚相关。（relate） ( 1 / 4 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 2 Natural disasters 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．More than any other type of literature, poetry usually implies a deeper meaning the words on the page. 【答案】beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：诗歌比任何其他类型的文学作品都蕴含着比书页上的文字更深层的含义。结合句意表示“超出……之外”应用介词beyond。故填beyond。 2．If envy is allowed to grow violently, it’s (destroy) to all excellence. 【答案】destructive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果嫉妒被允许急剧增长，它会破坏一切优秀。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词destructive“破坏性的”，作表语。故填destructive。 3．News of their safety came as a great (relieve). 【答案】relief 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们平安的消息传来，使他们大大地松了一口气。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，relieve的名词为relief为不可数名词，且空前有不定冠词a，此处为抽象名词具体化，表示“一件让人轻松的事”。故填relief。 4．Traffic lights are there to guide traffic in an (order) way. 【答案】orderly/ordered 【详解】考查形容词。句意：红绿灯是用来引导交通秩序的。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词way，order的形容词为orderly或ordered意为“组织有序的”符合句意。故填orderly/ordered。 5．Standing on the top floor, he could see the tall tower in the (distant). 【答案】distance 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：站在顶楼，他可以看到远处的高塔。根据空前的the可知，空处应用名词，作in的宾语。distance意为“遥远，距离”。in the distance意为“在远处”，为固定搭配。故填distance。 6．People read newspapers and magazines to keep themselves (inform) of what is going on in the world outside. 【答案】informed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们阅读报纸和杂志是为了了解外面的世界。分析句子可知，这里是“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处应用非谓语动词，宾语themselves和动词inform是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处用过去分词形式作宾补。故填informed。 7．A typhoon is a (destroy) storm that occurs in the North-west Pacific Ocean. Typhoons are quite common in South-East Asian countries. 【答案】destructive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：台风是发生在西北太平洋的破坏性风暴。台风在东南亚国家很常见。设空处作定语，修饰名词storm，形容词destructive“破坏性的”符合句意。故填destructive。 8．His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius (erupt). 【答案】erupted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他的经典小说《庞贝城的末日》想象了公元79年维苏威火山爆发时古罗马城市庞贝的生活。分析句子可知，when引导非限制性定语从句对先行词year 79进行补充说明，是过去发生的事，从句时态为一般过去时，erupt应用过去式erupted。故填erupted。 9．A lot of survivors (rescue) by the soldiers in the earthquake-stricken area since yesterday. 【答案】have been rescued 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：自昨天起，这个地震灾区的士兵们已经救出了许多幸存者。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语since yesterday，可知应用现在完成时，主语和谓语直接是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是A lot of survivors，谓语用复数形式，故填have been rescued。 10．This fire moved and changed in color with every moment: now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an/a (bear) light! 【答案】unbearable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这团火在移动着，每一分钟都在改变颜色：时而明亮得出奇，时而苍白得快要熄灭，时而又燃烧着令人难以忍受的光芒！空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词light，表示“难以忍受的”应用unbearable。故填unbearable。 11．The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge waves (crash) into the coast. 【答案】crashed 【详解】考查时态。句意：就在巨浪冲击海岸之前，海滩上的人很快就被冲走了。此处在before引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，由主句was和句意可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，且主语the huge waves和dc crash是主动关系，应用动词crash的过去式，故填crashed。 12．John was at loss as to how to use the new machine. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：约翰不知道如何使用这台新机器。根据句意，此处表达“不知所措”，结合句子结构，at a loss不知所措，固定介词短语搭配，符合句意。故填a。 13．It immediately (occur) to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 【答案】occurred 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她立刻意识到这是海啸即将来临的迹象。分析句子可知，提示词作谓语，it occurs/occurred to somebody表示某人想到，根据were可知，用一般过去时。故填occurred。 14．“We can’t do that, honey,” explained Mum, “ the moving water could wash the car away!” 【答案】otherwise 【详解】考查副词。句意：“亲爱的，我们不能那样做”，母亲解释道，“否则洪水会把车子冲走的”。根据句意可知，此处意为“否则”，故应用副词otherwise，故填otherwise。 15．The news of his death caused a great to all of us. (shock) 【答案】 shocking shock 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：他去世的令人震惊的消息使我们大家都大为震惊。第一空修饰news应用-ing结尾形容词shocking，作定语；第二空作宾语，表示“震惊”应用名词shock，不定冠词提示用单数。故填①shocking；②shock。 16．There is a lot of evidence (confirm) the US was funding military-biological projects in Ukraine (乌克兰). 【答案】confirming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有大量证据证实，美国正在资助乌克兰的军事生物项目。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，confirm与逻辑主语evidence之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填confirming。 17．Smith, I’ll send you (confirm) of the arrangements by the end of this week. 【答案】confirmtation 【详解】考查名词。句意：史密斯，我会在本周末之前把安排的确认书发给你。分析句子可知，设空处作send的宾语，所以需要使用名词。动词confirm“证实，确认”，其名词形式为confirmation，故填confirmation。 18．A café with a peaceful and casual atmosphere is popular among young customers, especially if (locate) in a quiet building. 【答案】located 【详解】考查状语从句的省略和过去分词。句意：一个拥有和平和休闲氛围的café很受年轻顾客的欢迎，特别是如果它位于一个安静的建筑里面。分析句子可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句的省略，动词locate和主语café之间是被动关系，所以完整形式是especially if it is located in a quiet building，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词一起省略，用过去分词表被动。故填located。 19．Such dangers can have (disaster) impacts not only on the sites themselves but also on people. 【答案】disastrous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这种危险不仅会对网站本身产生灾难性的影响，还会对人们产生影响。根据空后名词impacts可知，设空处应用形容词作定语。disaster是名词，意为“灾难”，其形容词形式是disastrous。故填disastrous。 20．When she packed her suitcase before heading to Wuhan, her daughter was (scare) to tears. 【答案】scared 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当她收拾好行李准备前往武汉时，她的女儿担心得哭了。分析可知，所填空为形容词作表语。“scare”，动词，意为“使害怕；使恐惧”，其形容词形式为“scared(担心的；害怕的；形容人)”和“scary(可怕的；形容物)”，结合主语为“her daughter(她的女儿)”表达“人”，应是“scared”。故填scared。 21．The students were (curiosity) about the people who lived upstairs. 【答案】curious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：学生们对住在楼上的人很好奇。空处作表语，表示“好奇”应用形容词curious。故填curious。 22．The hurricane must (cause )a lot of damage yesterday. 【答案】have caused 【详解】考查must have done用法。句意：昨天的飓风一定造成了很大的损失。根据后文yesterday可知表示对过去的肯定猜测，表示“一定做了某事”应用must have done。故填have caused。 23．He remains a (tower) f igure in China as a famous doctor as well as a kind medical professor. 【答案】towering 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一位著名的医生，也是一位善良的医学教授，在中国仍然是一位杰出的人物。修饰名词figure应用形容词towering，作定语。故填towering。 24．Why do I measure the (long) of the landmark inside instead of outside? 【答案】length 【详解】考查名词。句意：为什么要测量地标的内部长度而不是外部长度？定冠词the后面接名词，所给词long的名词形式是length，为抽象名词，作动词measure的宾语。故填length。 25．The new network will enable data (process) more speedily. 【答案】to be processed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新的网络将使数据处理得更快。根据空前的enable data可知，固定短语enable sb./ sth. to do sth.，意为“使某人/ 某物能够做某事”，process与data之间为被动关系，需用不定式的被动式to be processed，意为“被处理”。故填to be processed。 26．Anyone who bothers to consult the facts, a basic requirement for a journalist, can easily find out that such claims are (entire) false. 【答案】entirely 【详解】考查副词。句意：任何一个愿意查找事实的人——对于记者来说这是一项基本要求——都能轻易发现这种说法完全是错误的。修饰形容词false，要用副词entirely，表示“完全地”，故填entirely。 27．China has already lifted about 800 million people out of extreme (poor) within a short span of four decades. 【答案】poverty 【详解】考查名词。句意：中国已经在短短四十年的时间内使约8亿人摆脱了极端贫困。本空作out of的宾语，应填名词形式，所给词poor是形容词，其对应的名词形式为poverty“贫困”，不可数。故填poverty。 28．Spanish is the main (office) language used in Peru. 【答案】official 【详解】考查形容词。句意：西班牙语是秘鲁使用的主要官方语言。名词 language 前需要形容词修饰，所以 office 需变为其形容词形式 official。故填 official。 29．The country’s (economy) growth has been steady over the past decade. 【答案】economic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个国家的经济增长在过去十年中一直保持稳定。此处用形容词economic“经济的，经济上的”作定语修饰名词growth。故填economic。 30．Many species in the Amazon rainforest are in danger of (extinct) due to human activities. 【答案】extinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多亚马逊雨林的物种由于人类活动濒临灭绝的危险。空处作介词of的宾语，需用名词形式，动词extinct的名词形式为extinction，意为“灭绝”。故填extinction。 31．To meet the country’s carbon neutrality (碳中和) commitment, China’s (inform) technology companies should set a goal of sourcing 100 percent renewable energy by 2030. 【答案】information 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了实现国家的碳中和承诺，中国的信息技术公司应该设定一个到2030年100%采购可再生能源的目标。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词information，修饰名词technology，作定语，表示“信息技术”。故填information。 32．The young girl ran down the (stair), and went out of the building, disappearing in the dark street very soon. 【答案】stairs 【详解】考查可数名词的单复数。句意：年轻女孩跑下楼梯，走出大楼，很快消失在黑暗的街道上。stair意为“楼梯”，为可数名词，根据ran down可知，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填stairs。 33．Almost without thinking, I bent down and (hug) her tightly. 【答案】hugged 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我想都没想就弯下腰紧紧地抱住了她。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，与谓语bent down为并列关系所以此处应使用一般过去时，且hug与主语I为主动关系。故填hugged。 34．In economic terms, this decision is (disaster). 【答案】disastrous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：从经济角度来看，这一决定是灾难性的。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，disaster的形容词为disastrous意为“灾难性的”符合句意。故填disastrous。 35．Hearing the news, my immediate (react) was one of shock. 【答案】reaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个消息，我的第一反应是震惊。作主语，应用名词reaction，结合was可知为单数。故填reaction。 36．We hope it can arouse students’ (aware) of water crisis. 【答案】awareness 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们希望它能唤起学生对水危机的意识。分析句子可知，空处作arouse的宾语，用名词，aware对应的名词为awareness，此处为不可数名词。故填awareness。 37．What they expected to be the (remove) of a small lump turned out to be major surgery. 【答案】removal 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们所期望的是切除一个小肿块，结果却是一个大手术。设空处前有the修饰，根据句意可知，应用名词作表语，根据提示词可知是removal，不可数名词，故填removal。 38．I fell in love with it (instant) and continued with ballet dancing for about ten years. 【答案】instantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：我立刻就爱上了它，并继续跳了大约十年的芭蕾舞。修饰动词短语fell in love with应用副词instantly，作状语。故填instantly。 39．Voters approved the plan by a narrow (major). 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：选民以微弱多数通过了该计划。空处用于不定冠词a以及形容词narrow之后，应用名词majority，表示“大多数”，a narrow majority表示“微弱多数”，作介词by的宾语，符合题意。故填majority。 40．They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from (injure) and for several other bodily functions. 【答案】injury 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们需要它们处理我们吃的食物、恢复伤痛、以及其他一些有益于身体的功能。空处应填名词作介词from的宾语，injury“损伤，伤害”，用作不可数名词。故填injury。 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．There is a fire (通道) on each floor of the building. 【答案】exit 【详解】考查名词。句意：大楼的每一层都有一个消防通道。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词exit，前边出现不定冠词a，空处应用名词的单数形式，作句子主语，符合题意。故填exit。 2．The company (通知) me that my job application hadn’t been successful last week. 【答案】informed 【详解】考查动词。句意：公司通知我，上周我的求职申请没有成功。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用动词inform，根据句中hadn’t been可知，从句使用过去完成时，主句应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填informed。 3．We had to carry the piano up three flights of (楼梯). 【答案】stairs 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们不得不把钢琴抬上三段楼梯。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词stair，为可数名词，根据three flights of可知，空处应用名词的复数形式表示不止一段楼梯，符合题意。故填stairs。 4．Although seriously (受伤), he managed to struggle to his feet and moved slowly ahead. 【答案】injured 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管受了重伤，他还是挣扎着站了起来，慢慢地向前移动。根据汉语提示可知，injured受伤的，形容词，Although引导的让步状语从句是省略结构，injured在从句中作表语。故填injured。 5．We all made a sigh of r when we heard that he was safe. 【答案】relief/elief 【详解】考查名词。句意：听说他平安无事，我们都松了一口气。由“when we heard that he was safe”可知，句子表示“听说他平安无事，我们都松了一口气”，由首字母提示r可知，空格处是relief，a sigh of relief意为“松了一口气”，故填relief。 6．I was a astonished by the reaction to appearance. 【答案】absolutely/bsolutely 【详解】考查副词。句意：我完全被人们对外表的反应惊呆了。根据单词首字母以及句意“完全”可知应填副词absolutely，作状语修饰形容词astonished 。故填absolutely。 7．The d of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. （ 【答案】disappearance/isappearance 【详解】考查名词。句意：恐龙的灭绝不是由天文事件引起的。根据句子结构The…of可知，此处应填名词disappearance，表示“灭绝”。故填disappearance。 8．But 67% (总共)will frequently skip their midday meals, with the average person only managing to take a proper break from their work around midday three days a week. 【答案】altogether 【详解】考查副词。句意：但是总共67%的人频繁地忽略午饭，一般人仅仅中午每周午休三次。空格处是副词做状语。根据汉语提示填altogether。故填altogether。 9．What is the usual (程序) for setting up a new school? 【答案】procedure 【详解】考查名词。句意：建立一所新学校的常规程序是什么。usual为形容词修饰名词，根据汉语提示，程序为“procedure”。故填procedure。 10．You can't imagine the (毁灭性的) power of modern weapons. 【答案】destructive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你无法想象现代武器的破坏力。该空修饰名词power，用形容词作定语，所以填destructive。 11．Venice is one of the hottest tourist d in the world. 【答案】destinations/estinations 【详解】考查名词。句意：威尼斯是世界上最热门的旅游目的地之一。空处作of的宾语，结合“tourist”和首字母提示可推知，名词destination“目的地”符合题意，tourist destination表示“旅游目的地”，且此处用固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，destination应用复数形式。故填destinations。 12．Sanya is a popular holiday d . 【答案】destination/estination 【详解】考查名词。句意：三亚是一个受欢迎的度假胜地。空处作表语，结合“holiday”和首字母提示可推知，名词destination“目的地”符合题意，holiday destination表示“度假胜地”，且空前有不定冠词a，destination应用单数形式。故填destination。 13．The party turned out to be a success far b their expectations. 【答案】beyond/eyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：结果这场派对的成功程度远远超出了他们的预期。根据“their expectations”和首字母提示可推知，空处应用介词beyond，意为“超出（范围）”，短语beyond one’s expectations意思是“超出某人的预期”。故填beyond。 14．Small companies can’t compete in the face of cheap (进口制品). 【答案】imports 【详解】考查名词。句意：面对廉价的进口产品，小公司无法竞争。“进口制品”应用名词import，作in the face of的宾语，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词import应用复数形式。故填imports。 15．As we are playing, I looked up and saw daddy in the d (远方). 【答案】distance/istance 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们玩的时候，我抬头看见爸爸在远处。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“远方”应用distance，在本句中作介词in的宾语，in the distance表示“在远方”。故填distance。 16．War has made life almost u (无法忍受) for the civilians remaining in the capital. 【答案】unbearable/nbearable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：战争使留在首都的平民的生活几乎变得无法忍受。“无法忍受”作宾语补足语，结合首字母提示，用形容词unbearable，表明逻辑主语life的性质。故填unbearable。 17．How excited I was when I saw the ancient tower in the (远方) ! 【答案】distance 【详解】考查名词。句意：当我看到远处的古塔时，我是多么兴奋啊！in the distance在远处。根据汉语提示及句意，故填distance。 18．Dr. Martin suggested Jeremy should try long- (距离) running to prevent diseases. 【答案】distance 【详解】考查名词。句意：马丁博士建议杰里米尝试长跑以预防疾病。根据汉语提示“距离”可知，空格处涉及单词“distance”，意为“距离”，名词词性，“long-distance”意为“长距离的”。故填distance。 19．If you d (使与……保持距离) yourself from negative people, positive things start happening. 【答案】distance/istance 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你远离消极的人，积极的事情就会开始发生。根据句意及中英文提示，可知为distance，设空处为句子的谓语，叙述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，distance... from...使与……保持距离。故填distance。 20．Xiaomi Su7, the new model of electric car is so expensive that it is (超出) the reach of those with average income. 【答案】beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：小米Su7，这种新型电动汽车太贵了，一般收入的人买不起。根据汉语提示及句意可知，空处用介词beyond表示“超出”，beyond the reach of...表示“超出……的能力或范围”。故填beyond。 三．按照要求完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．It (被想到) me that I had left the door unlocked. 【答案】occurred to 【详解】考查时态。句意：我突然想到我没有锁门。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用动词短语occur to，根据句中had left可知，从句使用过去完成时，主句应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填occurred to。 2．He tried to (保持冷静) when he saw a bear approaching him.   【答案】keep his head 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到一只熊向他靠近时，他努力保持冷静。“保持冷静”keep one’s head，使用形容词性物主代词his，表示“他的”，try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形形式。故填keep his head。 3． (为了) ensure success, we must have a complete and thorough plan.   【答案】In order to 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：为了确保成功，我们必须有一个完整彻底的计划。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用介词短语in order to，表示“为了”，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式，在句中作目的状语，in置于句首，首字母大写。故填In order to。 4．You must remind him to take his medicine, (万一) he forgets. 【答案】in case 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：你必须提醒他吃药，以防万一他忘记了。“万一”使用固定短语in case，引导条件状语从句，符合题意。故填in case。 5．I was relieved to hear that you arrived home (安然无恙). 【答案】safe and sound 【详解】考查形容词短语。句意：听说你安然无恙地到家了，我就放心了。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词短语safe and sound，修饰主语的状态，作状语。故填safe and sound。 6． (你曾想过) that you would be a doctor? 【答案】Did it ever occur to you 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：你有没有想过自己会成为一名医生？分析句子可知，本句描述过去事情，应用一般过去时。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处涉及固定句型it occurred to sb. that“某人突然想到”的一般疑问句，应将助动词did提前到句首，其中it作形式主语，that引导的是一个主语从句。故填Did it ever occur to you。 7．After (到达目的地), you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 【答案】reaching your destination 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到达目的地后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座古老的城市，并为之惊叹。“到达（某人的）目的地”用短语reach one’s destination。介词after后接动名词，在句中作宾语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填reaching your destination。 8．You will not reach your goal immediately—you need to go on a journey to a remote and (未知的目的地). 【答案】unknown destination 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：你不会立刻达成目标——你需要踏上前往一个遥远且未知目的地的旅程。 这句话强调了实现目标并非一蹴而就，而是如同踏上一段充满未知的旅途，需要不断前行。“未知的”应为unknown，“目的地”应为destination，结合冠词a可知为单数。故填unknown destination。 9．In the globalized world, diseases can spread (到处) via international travel and trade. 【答案】far and wide 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在全球化的世界里，疾病可以通过国际旅行和贸易广泛传播。根据中文提示可知，表示“到处”应用far and wide，为固定短语，在本句中作状语。故填far and wide。 10．The cakes in that party (呈现……形状) animals, attracting children’s interest. 【答案】took the form of/ took the shape of 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：聚会上的蛋糕做成了动物的形状，引起了孩子们的兴趣。设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，应该使用一般过去时。表示“呈现……形状”用take the form/shape of。故填took the form/shape of。 11．父母应该避免在公众场合批评孩子，因为这可能会伤害他们的自尊。 __________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Parents should avoid criticizing children in public places for it might injure their pride. 【详解】考查动词、名词和情态动词。“父母”翻译为parents，作主语；“避免”用动词avoid表示；“应该”用情态动词should表示；“批评孩子”翻译为criticizing children；“在公众场合”翻译为in public places；“因为……”可以用连词for引导原因状语从句，从句主语是it，代指上文提到的“父母在公众场合批评孩子”；“可能”用情态动词might表示；“伤害”用动词injure表示；“他们的自尊”翻译为their pride。故翻译为Parents should avoid criticizing children in public places for it might injure their pride. 12．我示意我老公赶紧离开那家旅游纪念品商店，因为店里卖的东西没有一件是我俩买得起的。(range) __________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】I signaled my husband to hurry out of that tourist souvenir shop because nothing in the store was in our price range. 【详解】考查动词短语、介词短语和时态。“我示意我老公赶紧离开那家旅游纪念品商店”是主句，主语“我”用人称代词“I”表示，谓语“示意(某人做某事)”用动词短语“signal sb to do sth”表示，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时“signaled”，宾语“我老公”用“my husband”表示，宾语补足语“赶紧离开那家旅游纪念品商店”用“to hurry out of that tourist souvenir shop”表示；“因为店里卖的东西没有一件是我俩买得起的”是原因状语从句，主语“店里卖的东西没有一件”表否定，用“nothing in the store”表示，系动词“是”用一般过去时“was”，表语“我俩买得起的(价格范围)”可用介词短语“in our price range”表示。综上，全句译为：I signaled my husband to hurry out of that tourist souvenir shop because nothing in the store was in our price range. 13．当这场大火爆发时，她示意她的学生们迅速离开教室。(break out; signal to sb…) 【答案】When the big fire broke out, she signaled to her students to leave the classroom quickly. 【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词（短语）、名词和副词。句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；“当这场大火爆发时”可用意为“当……时”的从属连词when引导时间状语从句，从句的主语“这场大火”可用名词短语the big fire，谓语“爆发”可用动词短语break out；主句的主语“她”用代词she，“示意某人做某事”可用动词短语signal to sb. to do sth.，“她的学生们”可用名词短语her students，“离开教室”可用动词短语leave the classroom，“迅速”可用副词quickly。故可译为：When the big fire broke out, she signaled to her students to leave the classroom quickly. 14．据证实，他向慈善机构捐款了数百万美元。(confirm; donate... to...) __________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】It is confirmed that he donated millions of dollars to charities. 【详解】考查时态、固定句型。表示“据证实”用固定句型it is confirmed that...，其中it作形式主语，位于句首，首字母大写，that引导主语从句。从句中主语“他”用人称代词he；表示“向某人捐赠某物”用donate sth. to sb.，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式；表示“数百万美元”用millions of dollars，作donated的宾语。表示“慈善机构”用charity，此处表示不止一个慈善机构，用复数形式，作to的宾语。故翻译为：It is confirmed that he donated millions of dollars to charities.   15．由于他们的帮助，Tom安然无恙地回到了家。(due; safe and sound) __________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Due to their help, Tom returned home safe and sound. 【详解】考查介词短语、形容词短语、名词和动词。句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；“由于”可用介词短语due to，“他们的帮助”可用名词短语their help，主语为Tom，“回到了家”可用动词短语returned home，“安然无恙”可用形容词短语safe and sound，作状语。故可译为：Due to their help, Tom returned home safe and sound. 16．据报道，为了阻止这样的灾难再次发生，当地正在采取有效的措施。 (进行时被动语态) 【答案】It is reported that effective measures are being taken by the local authorities (in order/so as) to prevent such disasters from happening again. 【详解】考查动词语态、固定句型、非谓语动词。表示“据报道”用固定句型it is reported that....，其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。主语从句中：表示“有效的措施”用effective measures，作主语；表示“采取措施”用take mesures，且本句描述正在发生的事情，时态用现在进行时，主语effective measures与take为被动关系，句子用现在进行时的被动语态；用by引出发出动作者；表示“地方当局”用the local authorities，作by的宾语；表示“为了”用in order to后so as to，或直接用不定式表目的；表示“阻止……做……”用prevent... from....，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形；表示“这样的灾难”用such disasters，作prevent的宾语；表示“发生”用happen，用动名词，作宾语；表示“再次”用again。故翻译为It is reported that effective measures are being taken by the local authorities (in order/so as) to prevent such disasters from happening again. 37．最好的运动员之一受伤了，且队长因为心脏问题必须离开。(过去完成时) 【答案】One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problem. 【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“其中一位最优秀的运动员”应用one of the best players，作主语；表示“受伤”用be injured，表示过去的过去，为过去完成时；and连接并列句；主语“队长”为the team captain；表示“必须”为have to；表示“离队”用动词leave；表示“因心脏问题”为because of heart problem，作状语。and之后的句子在陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。故翻译为One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problem. 18．即使是30分钟的跑步也将缓解你可能由于压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张。 【答案】Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that/which you may be suffering due to stress. 【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。表示“即使”用even；表示“30分钟的跑步”用a thirty-minute run；表示“提供”用provide，句子表述将来发生的动作，故使用一般将来时；表示“从疼痛或紧张中缓解”用relief from aches or tension 是介词短语作状语；表示“可能由于压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张”用aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress，此处表示“可能”用情态动词may，表示“遭受”用suffer，此处表示动作正在发生，故使用现在进行时，此处置于情态动词may之后，故使用may be suffering，同时此处使用that或者which引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作suffer的宾语，修饰先行词aches or tension为物，表示“因为，由于”用due to，表示“压力”用stress作宾语，其为不可数名词。故翻译为Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that/which you may be suffering due to stress. 19．当我走的时候，我朝冰淇淋店老板指了指手腕，又耸了耸肩。(signal) 【答案】When I left, I signaled to the ice cream shop owner by pointing to my wrist and shrugged my shoulders.【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词短语、名词短语、介词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，该句为when表示“当……时候”引导的时间状语从句，表示“离开”为动词leave；在主句中，表示“给某人发信号，向某人示意”应为动词短语signal to sb；表示“冰淇淋店老板”应为名词短语the ice cream shop owner；后接表示“通过指着我的手腕”的介词短语by pointing to my wrist；表示“耸了耸肩”应为动词短语shrug my shoulders；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：When I left, I signaled to the ice cream shop owner by pointing to my wrist and shrugged my shoulders. 20．事实上,许多自然灾害与人类活动休戚相关。（relate） 【答案】In fact, many natural disasters are closely related to human activities. 【详解】考查动词和名词。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时，表示客观情况。表示“事实上”应用in fact，为介词短语，在本句中作状语；表示“许多自然灾害”应用many natural disasters，在本句中作主语；表示“与......休戚相关”应用be closely related to，其中be related to表“和…有关系”，为固定搭配；表示“人类活动”应用human activities，作介词后宾语。故翻译为In fact, many natural disasters are closely related to human activities. 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