冠词用法及近两年高考题 课件-2024届高三英语一轮复习

高考高频词用法 1-3、a,an,the的用法 1 考点一　不定冠词 使用场合 示例 表示“一（人、事、物）” a ten­minute break：一次10分钟的休息；an aunt:一个姑母 初次提到某人或某物 organize an activity：组织一次活动 在速度、比率、价格等前面 at a price of以....的价格；at a pace of:以.....的速度；at a rate of:以...速度/比率 用在某些物质名词前，该物质名词便具体化了 a coffee :一杯咖啡；a tea：一种茶； a heavy rain :一场大雨 考点梳理 用于前有形容词或后有短语的不可数名词 He has a good knowledge of chemistry.他精通化学。 用在专有名词前，表示类似的一个或某一个 He is a Jiao Yulu.他是一个焦裕禄式的人物。 表示“同一个” The two boys are of an age.两个男生同岁。 不定冠词的特殊位置：how/so/as/too＋形容词＋不定冠词＋名词 Never will you meet so kind a teacher (＝such a kind teacher) like him.你绝不会遇到像他一样善良的老师。 构成短语修饰名词：a number/variety/large quantity/great deal of等；动词短语have an impact on等；介词短语in an attempt to do sth等 A number of students took part in the voluntary activity yesterday.昨天许多学生参加了志愿者活动。 考点梳理 “a”和“an”的区别 a用在辅音音标（不一定是辅音字母）前；an用在元音音标（不一定是元音字母）前 。例如：__ book(一本书）；____ university(一所大学）；____ apple(一个苹果）；____ hour(一个小时）；_____ useful book(一本有用的书;_____European country(一个欧洲国家）；______ honest man(一个诚实的人） a a a a an an an 考点梳理 考点二　定冠词 使用场合 示例 表示特指和第二次提到的人或物 For one thing, it's against the rules of the school.首先，这违反学校规定。 表示世界上独一无二的事物 The teacher told us that the earth turns round the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 用在序数词、形容词最高级前面 He took part in the English Speech Contest held in our school and won the first prize/place.他参加了我们学校举办的英语演讲比赛并且获得了第一名。 用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、沙漠等地理名词前 ①The West Lake is what I want to visit most.西湖是我最想去游览的地方。 ②England and France are connected by the English Channel.英吉利海峡连接英法两国。 考点梳理 用在形容词或过去分词前表示一类人 We are planning to visit the elderly in Chaoyang nursery home next week.我们计划下周去看望朝阳敬老院的老人。 用在表示国家和民族的形容词前表示泛指这个国家和民族的全体人员 The Chinese also eat a type of pasta as part of their staple diet.中国人也以一种面食作为他们的部分主食。 用在姓氏的复数前，代表夫妇两人或全家人 Hearing Xiao Ming was admitted to Peking University, the Zhangs jumped with joy.听到小明被北京大学录取，张家人欣喜若狂。 用在西方乐器、通讯设备前 Peter likes playing football while I am fond of playing the piano.彼德喜欢踢足球，而我喜欢弹钢琴。 用在表示发明物的单数可数名词之前 Do you know who invented the television？你知道谁发明了电视机吗？ 考点梳理 固定搭配 in the morning 上午 with the popularity/development of ……随着...的流行/发展 on the other hand 另一方面 one ... the other ... 一……另一…… by the hour 按小时计算 at the beginning/end of ……的开始/结束 in the 1990s 在二十世纪九十年代 in the eastern＋n. 在……的东部 hit sb on the shoulder 拍某人肩膀 the number of ……的数量 考点梳理 考点三　零冠词 使用场合 示例 季节、节日(用day表示的节日)、星期、三餐(前面没有修饰词时)等之前 Shall we go to visit our former teacher on Teachers' Day？教师节那天我们去拜访以前的老师，好吗？ 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等限定词修饰时 I'd like to attend English lectures, from which I can get more information on British and American culture.我喜欢参加英语演讲，从中我可以学到很多关于英美文化的知识。 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前 Learning anxiety is a common problem among senior three students.学习焦虑问题是高三学生中普遍存在的问题。 球类、棋类、学科等名称前 I have been learning English for 8 years and I have computer experience.我学英语8年了，而且有电脑经验。 考点梳理 称呼、头衔、职务等表示抽象性质的名词前 He was elected monitor of our class. He is responsible for his work and takes good care of his classmates.他被选为我们班的班长。他是一个对工作负责并且关心同学的人。 在与by连用的交通工具名称前 At two o'clock in the afternoon, we'll gather at the school gate, after which we'll set out for the destination by bus.下午两点，我们将在校门口集合，然后乘公交车去目的地。 turn(变成、成为)后面的词前不加冠词。但become后面的名词前一定要加冠词 My dream was to become a teacher when I grew up, but I turned writer 20 years later.我当初的梦想是长大后当老师，结果20年后成了作家。 考点梳理 在一个以“普通名词＋as”所引导的让步状语从句中，该名词前不加冠词 Student as he is, he earns a lot of money by selling goods online.尽管他还是个学生，但他通过网上售货挣了很多钱。(＝Although he is a student, he earns a lot of money by selling goods online.) 泛指复数名词前不用冠词 Optional courses enable students to engage in what they are really interested in and what they are willing to devote to.选修课可以使学生们投入到自己真正感兴趣且愿意努力去做的事情上。 school, prison, hospital前不加冠词，表示抽象的概念 Our school is quite close to our home, so we could go to school together by bike.学校离家很近，所以我们可以一起骑车去上学。 考点梳理 典型应用 11 1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】The meat should be fresh with ____43___ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 3.【2022新高考二卷】___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 2023年 the a The 12 1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】The meat should be fresh with ____43___ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 3.【2022新高考二卷】___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 2023年 the a The 13 1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】The meat should be fresh with ____43___ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 3.【2022新高考二卷】___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 2023年 the a The 14 7.Yellowstone National Park offers ________ variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. 8.．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)________ plants and animals in the eco­machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! 9．(2024·浙江高考1月)Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays fresh. . 10.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)At ________ end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. a The the the 15 $$