Unit1 选词填空和短文填空专练-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册重难点提优训练（人教版）

2024-2025学年八年级英语下册重难点提优训练（人教版） Unit1 选词填空和短文填空专练 选词填空 （1） 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 second; looked; one; dangerous; couldn’t; fire; minutes; smoke; easy; something; woke; eyes When Aaron saw the smoke from his neighbor’s home, he went to have a look and heard “My girl, Tara is in the room!” 1 of the women cried. Hearing this, Aaron ran inside. He entered the burning house at once, the heavy 2 made it difficult to breathe (呼吸). It was 3 for Aaron, who is 64 years old. After a few 4 , he ran back outside to catch his breath. “Where is Tara?” he asked. “The second floor,” her mom shouted back. He went in for a 5 time. It was dark inside. Luckily, he got to the second floor as quickly as he could. Then he heard a weak and low sound, but he 6 see. Aaron fell to his knees on the hot floor. He crawled (爬行) toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of Tara. Several minutes later, he touched 7 in the end. A shoe, then an ankle (脚踝). He pulled Tara toward him. She didn’t breathe. He fought through the smoke, holding Tara. The next thing he knew, he was at the front door, then outside. When Tara opened her 8 , Aaron hugged (抱紧) her and said, “Uncle’s got you.” Soon after, he fainted (晕倒). Aaron 9 up in the hospital days later. When talking about the 10 , he said, “I didn’t have time to think about it. The girl needed my help.” （2） 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 surprise   fever   matter   stop   wait   nurse   an   down   rest   throat   drink   than One morning, Tom didn’t feel well. He had a bad headache and a sore 1 . Tom went to the clinic (诊所). There were a lot of people in the waiting room and Tom had to 2 a long time. At last, it’s his turn, and the 3 showed Tom into the doctor’s room. The doctor asked, “what’s the 4 with you?” “I’m sick, and I can’t 5 sneezing (打喷嚏),” Tom said. “You’ve just got a cold,” the doctor checked and said. “Medicine isn’t necessary. Just go home, 6 a lot of water, and take rests for a few days.” Tom was unhappy. “There must be something you can give me, doctor,” he said. “I don’t want to be like this for several days.” The doctor thought for a moment. Then he said, “OK. Go home and get into a hot bath. Stay in it for half 7 hour until the water is cold. Then put on your swimming suit and run around the streets until you are really cold. Then lie 8 on the grass.” Tom was 9 . “But doctor,”he said, “if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). That’s much more serious 10 a cold.” “I know,” the doctor said, “but there’s medicine for pneumonia.” （3） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 surprise   risk   danger   give   accident   than   on   situation   in   but   practice   hurt Hello! I’m a surfer (冲浪者). My name is Bethany Hamilton. From a young age, I was interested in surfing. As a surfer, I’m used to taking 1 . I think this is one of the exciting things about doing 2 sports. But once I almost lost my life. 3 October 31, 2003, I was surfing with my friends when a shark (鲨鱼) came close to me. Just then, I found myself in a very dangerous 4 . Before I decided to run away, the shark got my left arm. Then I tried my best to swim back and I didn’t care how much it 5 at all. The only thing in my head was “getting to the beach” and I did! 6 I lost my left arm. To everyone’s 7 , some time later I came back to the water. I didn’t want to 8 up my dream of becoming one of the best surfers. Of course, I had to 9 harder than before. After all these years, I keep on getting better 10 I used to be. I hope my story can tell people: Never give up dreams when we get into trouble. （4） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 luck   when   trouble   she   surprised   hit   hurt   for   break   soon   with   headache Wu Xixi works at an emergency center (急救中心) in Nanjing, Jiangsu. Not long ago, when she was at work, she got a call from a woman. Wu Xixi asked her what was the matter 1 her. However, the woman just kept saying, “My head 2 badly.” “Could you please give me your precise location (确切位置)?” asked Wu Xixi. To Wu Xixi’s 3 , the woman couldn’t say that. Wu Xixi 4 realized (意识到) the importance of finding out the woman’s precise location quickly. Then she made a decision to ask the police 5 help.     Thanks to the police, Wu Xixi succeeded in finding the woman in about twenty minutes. “We later found out the woman lived by 6 . No one was by her side 7 she fell sick. She had a terrible 8 . That means she was in a very dangerous situation. 9 , we found her in a short time and sent her to hospital right away,” said Wu Xixi. “If people get into 10 and need medical (医疗的) help, they should give their locations as precisely as possible when they call the 120. Then we can find them as soon as possible,” added Wu Xixi. （5） 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空，将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上，每个单词只能用一次。 late   put   smoke   afraid   be   on   they   neck   rush   real Today I read a piece of news in the newspaper. It 41 made me feel sad. It happened in a big city 2 the afternoon of January 2nd. Many people were shopping in a shopping mall. Suddenly, there was a big fire there. There was heavy 3 in it and the fire was very hot. Many people were very 4 . Some people shouted “Help, help!” Some shouted “Fire, Fire!” and ran out. A few minutes 5 , a lot of firemen came. They 6 into the shopping mall and saved people. Finally, these firemen 7 out the fire. Luckily all the people were safe. But some firemen 8 hurt. They were in hospital because the fire burnt their 9 , arms and faces. Many people went to the hospital and said “Thank you!” to 10 . （6） 用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成短文，方框内有两项多余 read, health, tell, somewhere, good, how, you, what, something, much, exercise, do Miss King was often ill last year. She really wanted to be 1 , but she didn’t know what 2 . Mr. Green, a doctor, told her 3 to keep in good health. “First, you should look after 4 . For example, you should go for a walk after dinner, 5 often and eat lots of fruit and vegetables. They are all good for your health. Don’t do 6 that is bad for your health. For example, don’t watch too 7 TV, 8 in bed, eat junk food or go to bed late.” After that, Miss King always did as Mr. Green 9 her. She is in 10 health now than before. 短文填空 （1） 读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you don’t keep yourself warm enough, winter can be a time to have an illness. During the winter months, people 1 (easy) get colds and flu. Many people think they are the same, 2 they are different. Colds can stay with you for up to a week. You will have a running nose, a sore throat, a headache, a cough and a fever. Flu is 3 (serious) than colds. You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache. Your body 4 (hurt) and become weak. This could last for up to four 5 (week). Is there any way to keep 6 (you) away from colds or flu? Staying away from people 7 colds or flu may work. Try not 8 (touch) your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. Wash your hands, especially after 9 (clean) your nose. Going out with wet hair can also give you a cold! If you catch a cold or flu, go to bed and rest. Doing this will help you get well. Drink lots of water. Stay in 10 warm, well-aired room. If you have a headache, or your muscles (肌肉) hurt, don’t forget to take some medicine. （2) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mary is 1 African elephant. Now she is 16 years old. She lives in the zoo. She can look after 2 (she). Mary has already produced more than 50 drawings. She 3 (make) over $2,500 for the zoo since last year. Zoo leaders said they 4 (find) Mary’s art ability (能力) about 4 years ago. Zoo workers watched her make the mark in the sand with her trunk (象鼻). She rubbed out (抹去), then made the new ones. Mary 5 (draw) pictures at this time yesterday when the zoo workers gave her brushes and paints. The picture might be like 6 (fall) leaves, it was wonderful! Newspaper reporters wrote about Mary, and people knew Mary had some 7 (different) from others. Then people were happy 8 (buy) her pictures. They think Mary is one of 9 (smart) elephants in the world. And in this way she made a lot of money for the zoo by drawing. This is how Mary does the drawing. A zoo worker holds different color paints and Mary touches the colors she wants. Then the worker gives her chosen color to the brushes in her trunk and Mary begins to paint. They can get 10 well with each other. (3) 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。 Mr. Jenkins liked all kinds of delicious food. As an important officer, he was often asked 1 (have) dinner. The shopkeepers tried their 2 (good) to fawn on (巴结) him. They knew it 3 (be) good for their business. Now the officer got 4 (fat) and fatter. He could 5 (hard) go upstairs at home and had to sleep downstairs. He often felt 6 (tiring) if he walked or did some housework. He was 7 (worry) about it and had to go to a doctor. “Stop 8 (eat) food with much fat (脂肪) and sugar, Mr. Jenkins.” said the doctor. “Or your health will be worse!” It was difficult for the officer to do it. He wouldn’t do as the doctor said. He found something was wrong with his heart a few 9 (month) later. Now he thought the doctor was right because he had to be in hospital. “You must lose weight,” said the doctor, “unless you want to die soon!” “Could you tell me a way 10 (lose) weight, please?” “You must do some exercise first.” “Which exercise?” “To move your head from side to side when you are invited to dinner!” (4) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Would you offer help if an old man falls down on the street? A 1 (report) once did a survey (调查) among 200 students. 25% of them said they would help 2 old man stand up right away. Eighty students said if the old man asked them for help, they would give him a hand without thinking twice. However, 30 students said they would refuse 3 (help) him because they didn’t want to get into any trouble. But they said they would call the police 4 help. The rest of the students said they would see whether the old man needed help or not. Then 5 should we do when we see an old person fall down on the street? Here 6 (be) some tips. Firstly, we should ask what’s the matter with him or her. If he or she is 7 (bad) hurt, we shouldn’t move him or her and should call 120 for help at once. 8 (second), we can ask the people around to help him or her together. 9 some old people try to get some money in a bad way, we should believe that most old people are kind. And we should try to help them, because helping the old is a 10 (tradition) virtue (美德) of our country. Don’t you think so? （5） 下面是Jim写给Lisa的信，请把它补充完整。（每空一词） Dear Lisa, I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling 1 . I think you should 2 yourself by listening 3 some music before going to bed, and have a good 4 . You can also join clubs to make more 5 . I hope you will have a good time in China.       Yours,                                                    Jim 参考答案 选词填空 （1） 【导语】本文主要介绍64岁的Aaron两次冲进着火的房子里救人，最终成功救出小女孩。 1．句意：我的女孩塔拉在房间里！一名妇女哭道。根据“…of the women cried.”以及备选单词可知，此处指代那个哭着说话的女人，one“一个”符合语境，位于句首首字母大写。故填One。 2．句意：他冲进着火的房子的那一刻，浓烟就让他无法呼吸。根据“made it difficult to breathe”以及备选单词可知，此处是指着火的烟让人无法呼吸，smoke“烟”符合语境。故填smoke。 3．句意：这对于64岁的Aaron来说是很危险的。根据“who is 64 years old.”以及备选单词可知，Aaron是位老人，浓烟让他呼吸困难，这对他来说是很危险的，dangerous“危险的”符合语境。故填dangerous。 4．句意：几分钟之后他跑出来喘气。根据“…he ran back outside to catch his breath.”以及备选单词可知，此处指的是几分钟过后，minutes“分钟”符合语境。故填minutes。 5．句意：他再次冲进去了。根据上文“he ran back outside to catch his breath”以及“‘Where is Tara?”he asked.’”可知，他出去问Tara在哪里，又第二次进去，second“第二次”符合语境。故填second。 6．句意：然后他听到了一个虚弱和很低的声音，但是他看不见。根据“Then he heard a weak and low sound, but he...see”可知，此处表示不能看见，couldn’t“不能”符合语境。故填couldn’t。 7．句意：几分钟之后他终于摸到了一些东西。根据“Several minutes later, he touched… in the end. A shoe, then an ankle (脚踝).”可知，他摸到了一些东西，something“某种东西”符合语境。故填something。 8．句意：当她睁开眼睛的时候，Aaron紧紧地拥抱了她。根据“When Tiara opened her...”以及备选单词可知，Tara睁开了眼睛，eyes“眼睛”符合语境。故填eyes。 9．句意：几天后，Aaron在医院醒来了。根据“Aaron...up in the hospital days later.”可知，Aaron在医院醒来了，woke“醒来”符合语境。故填woke。 10．句意：当谈论起这场火灾时，他说：“我没有时间去想这事。这个女孩需要我的帮助。”根据“I didn’t have time to think about it. The girl needed my help.”可知，此处是指人们谈论这场火灾，fire“火灾”符合语境。故填fire。 （2） 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了汤姆看病的经历。 1．句意：他头痛得厉害，喉咙也痛。根据“He had a bad headache and a sore”可知，设空处应该说喉咙痛，备选词throat符合语境，had a sore throat“喉咙痛”。故填throat。 2．句意：候诊室里有很多人，汤姆不得不等了很长时间。根据“There were a lot of people in the waiting room”可知，设空处应该说等了很长时间，备选词wait“等待”符合语境，had to接动词原形。故填wait。 3．句意：最后，轮到他了，护士把汤姆领进了医生的房间。根据“showed Tom into the doctor’s room.”可知，应该说护士带汤姆进医生的房间，备选词nurse“护士”符合语境，填单数名词，故填nurse。 4．句意：医生问：“你怎么了？”根据“what’s the…you”可知，考查固定句型what’s the matter with you“你怎么了”，备选词matter符合语境。故填matter。 5．句意：“我病了，不停地打喷嚏，”汤姆说。根据“sneezing (打喷嚏),”可知，设空处应该说不停打喷嚏，备选词stop符合语境，stop doing“停止做某事”，设空处前是“can’t”，填动词原形。故填stop。 6．句意：回家去，多喝水，休息几天。根据“ a lot of water”可知，设空处应该说多喝水，备选词drink“喝”符合语境，该句是祈使句，填动词原形。故填drink。 7．句意：在里面待半个小时，直到水变冷。根据“half…hour”可知，考查固定短语half an hour“半小时”，备选词an符合语境。故填an。 8．句意：然后躺在草地上。根据“lie…on the grass”可知，此处指的躺在草地上，备选词down符合语境，lie down“躺下”。故填down。 9．句意：汤姆很吃惊。根据“if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). ”可知，汤姆很好奇，备选词surprise符合语境，此处修饰人，其形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”符合语境，作表语。故填surprised。 10．句意：那比感冒严重多了。根据“That’s much more serious”可知，此处指的比感冒严重，备选词than“比”符合语境。故填than。 （3） 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Bethany Hamilton在一次冲浪时被鲨鱼咬去一只胳膊，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想的故事。 1．句意：作为一名冲浪者，我习惯于冒险。根据“But once I almost lost my life.”可知，此处是作者习惯于冒险；take a risk/take risks“冒险”，固定搭配；空格前没有冠词a，故risks符合语境。故填risks。 2．句意：我认为这是做危险运动最令人兴奋的事情之一。根据“this is one of the exciting things about doing...sports”结合待选词汇可推断出，做危险运动会让Bethany感觉到刺激。空格处缺少形容词做定语修饰名词sports。danger“危险”，名词；dangerous“危险的”，形容词。故填dangerous。 3．句意：2003年10月31日，我和朋友们在冲浪时，一条鲨鱼靠近了我。根据“...October 31, 2003”可知，这是一个表示具体某天的时间，应该用on来修饰，用在句首时首字母应该大写。故填On。 4．句意：就在那时，我发现自己处于一个非常危险的境地。根据“I was surfing with my friends when a shark came close to me.”可知，Bethany在冲浪时遇到了鲨鱼，此时他的境地非常危险。固定搭配in a/an adj. situation“处于……状况下”，符合语境。故填situation。 5．句意：然后我尽我最大的努力游回来，我根本没有留意有多疼。根据“the shark got my left arm. Then I tried my best to swim back”可知，Bethany被鲨鱼咬到胳膊后，拼尽全力逃脱险境，根据没有留意胳膊有多疼。结合待选词汇可知动词hurt的过去式hurt符合语境。故填hurt。 6．句意：但是我失去了左臂。根据句意“The only thing in my head was ‘getting to the beach’ and I did!”和“I lost my left arm.”之间存在转折关系，位于句首时首字母要大写。故填But。 7．句意：令大家吃惊的是，过了一段时间后，我又回到了水里。根据“I lost my left arm.”和“some time later I came back to the water.”可知，Bethany失去了左臂后一段时间，他又回到水里开始冲浪，这让人非常意外。to one’s surprise“让某人吃惊的是”，固定搭配。故填surprise。 8．句意：我不想放弃成为最好的冲浪者之一的梦想。根据“I didn’t want to give...my dream of becoming one of the best surfers.”可知，Bethany即使失去了左臂也不放弃成为最佳冲浪者之一的梦想，give up“放弃”，固定搭配，want to do sth.“想要去做某事”，固定搭配，因此to后用动词原形。故填give。 9．句意：当然，我必须比以前更加努力地练习。根据“I had to...harder”可知，本处指Bethany要更加努力，因位于had to后，空格处缺少动词原形，结合待选词汇可知，practice“练习”，符合语境。故填practice。 10．句意：这么多年过去了，我一直在变得比以前更好。根据句意可知“I keep on getting better”与“I used to be”呈对比关系，且better为比较级，结合待选词汇，than符合语境。故填than。 （4） 【导语】本文讲述了在急救中心工作的吴熙熙成功帮助一名女人就医的故事。 1．句意：吴熙熙问她怎么了。根据“what was the matter”可知，考查what’s the matter with sb“某人怎么了”，备选词with符合语境。故填with。 2．句意：然而，这位女士只是不停地说：“我的头很痛。”根据“Wu Xixi works at an emergency center (急救中心) in Nanjing,”以及“head…badly”可知，是头疼得厉害，备选词hurt“疼”符合语境，主语是单数“head”且该句陈述事实，为一般现在时，动词填三单形式，故填hurts。 3．句意：令吴熙熙吃惊的是，那个女人说不出来。根据“the woman couldn’t say that.”可知，是令她吃惊的，备选词surprised符合语境，to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”。故填surprise。 4．句意：吴熙熙很快意识到迅速找到那个女人确切位置的重要性。根据“realized (意识到) the importance of finding out the woman’s precise location quickly.”可知，应该说“很快”意识到，要找到那个女人的具体位置，备选词soon“很快”符合题意，修饰动词realized。故填soon。 5．句意：于是她决定向警察求助。根据“ask the police…help.”可知，考查ask sb for help“向某人寻求帮助”，备选词for符合语境。故填for。 6．句意：后来我们发现这个女人一个人住。根据“No one was by her side”以及“by”可知，考查by oneself“独自”，此处指她独自生活，备选词she的反身代词herself“她自己”符合语境。故填herself。 7．句意：她生病时没有人在她身边。根据“she fell sick”可知，是说她生病的时候，没人在身边，备选词when“当……时”符合题意。故填when。 8．句意：她有头痛的毛病。根据前文“My head hurts badly.”可知，这个女人有头痛的毛病，备选词headache“头痛”符合语境。故填headache。 9．句意：幸运的是，我们很快就找到了她，并立即将她送到了医院。根据“we found her in a short time and sent her to hospital right away,”可知，这是幸运的，备选词luck的副词形式luckily修饰这个句子，故填Luckily。 10．句意：如果人们遇到麻烦，需要医疗帮助，他们应该在拨打120时尽可能准确地说出自己的位置。根据“and need medical (医疗的) help, they should give their locations as precisely as possible when they call the 120.”可知，设空处指的是遇到麻烦了，备选词trouble“麻烦”符合语境，为不可数名词。故填trouble。 （5） 【导语】本文主要介绍了今天报纸上的一条重大新闻：一个大城市的大型购物中心发生了 一场大火，几分钟后很多消防员赶来将火扑灭，但是一些消防员受伤了，很多人去医院感谢他们。 1．句意：这真的让我很难过。横线处应填一个副词作状语修饰made，结合方框中单词提示可知，real的副词形式really“真正地”符合语境。故填really。 2．句意：事情发生在1月2日下午的一个大城市。根据“the afternoon of January 2nd”可知，表示具体的某一天用介词on。故填on。 3．句意：里面冒着浓烟，火很猛烈。根据“the fire was very hot”可知，商场里着火了，冒着很浓的烟。smoke作名词，意为“烟”。故填smoke。 4．句意：很多人都很害怕。横线处应填一个形容词作表语；结合方框中单词提示可知，商场里的人们都很害怕。afraid意为“害怕的”。故填afraid。 5．句意：几分钟后，许多消防员赶到了。a few minutes later表示“几分钟后”。故填later。 6．句意：他们冲进购物商场里救人。rush into表示“冲进”；时态为一般过去时，用rush的过去式形式。故填rushed。 7．句意：最后，这些消防员扑灭了火。put out表示“扑灭”；时态为一般过去时，用put的过去式形式。故填put。 8．句意：但是一些消防员受伤了。 这句话是“主系表”结构，横线处应填一个be动词；时态为一般过去时，主语some firemen为复数，be动词用were。故填were。 9．句意：他们都在医院，因为火烧伤了他们的脖子、手臂和脸。结合语境和方框中单词提示可知，大火烧伤了一些消防员的脖子、手臂和脸；arms和faces都是复数形式，此处neck也要用复数形式。故填necks。 10．句意：许多人去医院对他们说“谢谢！”。结合语境和方框中单词提示可知，人们去医院对受伤的消防员们表示感谢，此处用they代指前面出现的some firemen，to后面接代词宾格。故填them。 （6） 【导语】本文介绍金小姐想要更健康，医生给出了些建议。 1．句意：她很想要健康，但是她不知道做什么。根据“Miss King was often ill last year.”可知生病后想要健康，healthy表示“健康的”，形容词作表语。故填healthy。 2．句意：她很想要健康，但是她不知道做什么。根据“but she didn’t know what...”可知此处是“疑问句+不定式”作宾语，do表示“做”，what作其宾语。故填to do。 3．句意：医生格林先生告诉她如何保持健康。根据“For example, you should go for a walk after dinner”可知医生告诉她如何保持健康，用how表示“如何”。故填how。 4．句意：首先，你应该照顾自己。look after oneself表示“照顾自己”，主语是you，反身代词为yourself。故填yourself。 5．句意：例如，饭后你应该散步，经常锻炼，吃很多水果和蔬菜。and连接并列的动词原形，exercise表示“锻炼”。故填exercise。 6．句意：不要做任何有害健康的事。此句是否定句，anything符合，表示“任何事”。故填anything。 7．句意：例如，不要看太多电视，在床上读书，吃垃圾食品或者晚睡。too much表示“太多”。故填much。 8．句意：例如，不要看太多电视，在床上读书，吃垃圾食品或者晚睡。此空为动词原形，所给词中read符合，表示“读书”。故填read。 9．句意：那之后，金小姐总是按照格林先生告诉她的那样做。根据“Mr. Green, a doctor, told her ...to keep in good health.”可知金小姐按照医生告诉她的那样做。故填told。 10．句意：她现在比以前更健康。此空为形容词作定语，根据than可知，此空为形容词比较级，所给词good符合，比较级为better。故填better。 短文填空 （1） 【导语】本文讲述了冬天是容易感冒的季节，要注意保暖，并介绍了一些预防感冒的做法和感冒后的处理方式。 1．句意：在冬季，人们容易感冒和流感。此处是副词修饰动词get，easily“容易地”符合题意，故填easily。 2．句意：很多人觉得它们一样，其实它们不一样。根据空处前后的“same”和“different”可知，此处表转折，所以用but“但是”。故填but。 3．句意：流感比感冒更严重。根据“than”可知此缺少形容词比较级，more serious“更严重”，故填more serious。 4．句意：你的身体会受伤，变得虚弱。根据“You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache.”可知，此处指感染流感后的后果，应用一般将来时will do，故填will hurt。 5．句意：这可能会持续长达四周。数词“four”后跟名词复数形式，表达“四个星期”，故填weeks。 6．句意：有什么方法可以让自己远离感冒或者流感？keep oneself away from“让某人自己远离某事”，空处缺少反身代词，you的反身代词是yourself。故填yourself。 7．句意：远离感冒或流感患者可能有效。根据“people…colds or flu”可知，这里应该是介词短语作后置定语修饰people，指“患感冒或流感的患者”，with“带有，附有”符合语境，故填with。 8．句意：如果你和感冒患者关系密切，尽量不要触摸你的鼻子或眼睛。try not to do sth.“尽量不要做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用不定式；故填to touch。 9．句意：洗手，尤其是洗完鼻子后。介词after后接动名词，故填cleaning。 10．句意：待在温暖、通风良好的房间里。空处缺少不定冠词修饰room，此处表泛指，warm首字母为辅音音素，故填a。 （2） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍非洲象玛丽的艺术能力。 1．句意：玛丽是一头非洲象。根据“African elephant”中的African是以元音音素开头的单词，用定冠词“an”修饰名词elephant。故填an。 2．句意：她能照顾她自己。根据主语She和动词短词look after oneself“照顾某人”可知，此处需要填反身代词herself，作宾语。故填herself。 3．句意：自去年以来，她为动物园赚了2500多美元。根据时间状语“since last year”，要用现在完成时来填空。故填has made。 4．句意：动物园负责人说，他们大约在四年前发现了玛丽的艺术能力。根据“said”，判断后面引导的宾语从句要用一般过去时。故填found。 5．句意：昨天这个时候，当动物园工作人员给玛丽画笔和颜料时，玛丽正在画画。根据时间状语“at this time yesterday”表示昨天这个时候，要用过去进行时，主语为Mary，be动词应用was。故填was drawing。 6．句意：这幅画可能像落叶，太棒了！根据“leaves”可知，这幅画可能像落叶，所以要用动词分词来表示动作已经完成。故填fallen。 7．句意：报纸记者写了关于玛丽的文章，人们知道玛丽与其他动物有些不同。根据“some”可知需要填名词复数。故填differences。 8．句意：人们买她的画是快乐的。be+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”。故填to buy。 9．句意：他们认为玛丽是世界上最聪明的大象之一。one of+the+比较级+名词复数“……的之一”。故填the smartest。 10．句意：他们彼此相处得很好。get on well with sb.“与某人相处融洽”。故填on。 （3） 【导语】本文叙述了詹金斯先生是一名官员，经常被人邀请去吃饭，结果他变得越来越胖，他不得不去医生那里看病。 1．句意：作为一个重要的官员，经常有人请他吃饭。be asked to do sth.“被要求做某事”，是ask sb. to do sth的被动形式，asked后面接动词不定式。故填to have。 2．句意：店主们竭力巴结他。try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”。故填best。 3．句意：他们知道这对他们的业务有好处。根据上下文可知，时态用一般过去时。故填was。 4．句意：现在这个官员越来越胖了。根据“and fatter”可知，是越来越胖了。“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。故填fatter。 5．句意：他在家几乎不能上楼，只好睡在楼下。hardly“几乎不”，符合语境。故填hardly。 6．句意：走路或做家务时，他常常感到累。根据“He often felt”可知，主语为人，此处用tired“疲劳的”表示内心感受。故填tired。 7．句意：他很担心，不得不去看医生。此处用形容词作表语，worry“担心”，动词或名词，其形容词形式为worried“担心的”。故填worried。 8．句意：停止吃含有大量脂肪和糖的食物，詹金斯先生。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。故填eating。 9．句意：几个月后，他发现自己的心脏出了问题。a few“一些”，后面接可数名词复数形式。故填months。10．句意：你能告诉我一个减肥方法吗？a way to do sth.“做某事的方法”，不定式作后置定语。故填to lose。 （4） 【导语】本文主要阐述了当有老人摔倒时该不该去帮忙，文章给出了调查显示的不同结果。 1．句意：一位记者曾经对200名学生做过调查。report表示“报道”，根据“did a survey”可知，此处表示做调查的人，因此表示“记者”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填reporter。 2．句意：他们中25%的人说他们会帮助老人站起来。根据前文的“Would you offer help if an old man falls down on the street?”可知，此处特指前文提到的那位摔倒的老人，因此用定冠词the修饰，故填the。 3．句意：然而，30名学生表示，他们将拒绝帮助他，因为他们不想陷入任何麻烦。help“帮助”，是动词，refuse to do sth表示“拒绝做某事”，故填to help。 4．句意：但是他们说他们会打电话给警察寻求帮助。结合句意，此处表示打电话的目的，因此用介词for，故填for。 5．句意：然后，当我们看到一个老人摔倒在街上时，我们应该做什么？此处是特殊疑问句，谓语动词do后缺少宾语，表示做什么，因此用疑问词what，故填what。 6．句意：这里有一些建议。Here be表示“有”，主语some tips是复数形式，谓语用复数形式，故填are。 7．句意：如果他或她受了重伤，我们不应该移动他或她，应该立即拨打120求助。bad表示“坏的”，是形容词，修饰动词hurt，用副词，故填badly。 8．句意：第二，我们可以要求周围的人一起帮助他或她。second第二，是序数词，此处位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词，故填Secondly。 9．句意：尽管有些老人试图以一种不好的方式得到一些钱，我们应该相信大多数老人是善良的。结合句意，前一句表示“有些老人试图以一种不好的方式得到一些钱”，后一句表示“我们应该相信大多数老人是善良的”，前后表示让步关系，因此用连词although或Though，故填Although/Though。 10．句意：我们应该努力帮助他们，因为帮助老人是我们国家的传统美德。tradition“传统”，是名词，修饰名词virtue，用形容词，故填traditional。 （5） 【导语】这是Jim写给Lisa的一封信，Lisa感觉不舒服，Jim给了她一些建议，并希望她在中国能玩得开心。 1．句意：听说你感觉不是很好我很遗憾。根据句中“I’m sorry to hear that…”可知，Lisa感觉不好、不舒服，well“健康的”符合语境。故填well。 2．句意：我认为你应该在睡觉前听一些音乐放松自己，好好休息。根据空后“listening …some music before going to bed”可知，睡前听音乐可以放松，relax“使放松”，是一个动词，符合语境。空前“should”是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填relax。 3．句意：我认为你应该在睡觉前听一些音乐放松自己，好好休息。由句意和空前的“listening”可知，这里考查固定搭配listen to，意为“听……”。故填to。 4．句意：我认为你应该在睡觉前听一些音乐放松自己，好好休息。由上面第一题的解释可知，Lisa感觉不舒服，Jim建议她好好休息，have a good rest是固定短语。故填rest。 5．句意：你也可以加入俱乐部结交更多的朋友。根据句中“…join clubs”可知，参加俱乐部可以结交更多的朋友，make friends是固定短语，意为“交朋友”。故填friends。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年八年级英语下册重难点提优训练（人教版） Unit1 选词填空和短文填空专练 选词填空 （1） 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 second; looked; one; dangerous; couldn’t; fire; minutes; smoke; easy; something; woke; eyes When Aaron saw the smoke from his neighbor’s home, he went to have a look and heard “My girl, Tara is in the room!” 1 of the women cried. Hearing this, Aaron ran inside. He entered the burning house at once, the heavy 2 made it difficult to breathe (呼吸). It was 3 for Aaron, who is 64 years old. After a few 4 , he ran back outside to catch his breath. “Where is Tara?” he asked. “The second floor,” her mom shouted back. He went in for a 5 time. It was dark inside. Luckily, he got to the second floor as quickly as he could. Then he heard a weak and low sound, but he 6 see. Aaron fell to his knees on the hot floor. He crawled (爬行) toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of Tara. Several minutes later, he touched 7 in the end. A shoe, then an ankle (脚踝). He pulled Tara toward him. She didn’t breathe. He fought through the smoke, holding Tara. The next thing he knew, he was at the front door, then outside. When Tara opened her 8 , Aaron hugged (抱紧) her and said, “Uncle’s got you.” Soon after, he fainted (晕倒). Aaron 9 up in the hospital days later. When talking about the 10 , he said, “I didn’t have time to think about it. The girl needed my help.” （2） 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 surprise   fever   matter   stop   wait   nurse   an   down   rest   throat   drink   than One morning, Tom didn’t feel well. He had a bad headache and a sore 1 . Tom went to the clinic (诊所). There were a lot of people in the waiting room and Tom had to 2 a long time. At last, it’s his turn, and the 3 showed Tom into the doctor’s room. The doctor asked, “what’s the 4 with you?” “I’m sick, and I can’t 5 sneezing (打喷嚏),” Tom said. “You’ve just got a cold,” the doctor checked and said. “Medicine isn’t necessary. Just go home, 6 a lot of water, and take rests for a few days.” Tom was unhappy. “There must be something you can give me, doctor,” he said. “I don’t want to be like this for several days.” The doctor thought for a moment. Then he said, “OK. Go home and get into a hot bath. Stay in it for half 7 hour until the water is cold. Then put on your swimming suit and run around the streets until you are really cold. Then lie 8 on the grass.” Tom was 9 . “But doctor,”he said, “if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). That’s much more serious 10 a cold.” “I know,” the doctor said, “but there’s medicine for pneumonia.” （3） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 surprise   risk   danger   give   accident   than   on   situation   in   but   practice   hurt Hello! I’m a surfer (冲浪者). My name is Bethany Hamilton. From a young age, I was interested in surfing. As a surfer, I’m used to taking 1 . I think this is one of the exciting things about doing 2 sports. But once I almost lost my life. 3 October 31, 2003, I was surfing with my friends when a shark (鲨鱼) came close to me. Just then, I found myself in a very dangerous 4 . Before I decided to run away, the shark got my left arm. Then I tried my best to swim back and I didn’t care how much it 5 at all. The only thing in my head was “getting to the beach” and I did! 6 I lost my left arm. To everyone’s 7 , some time later I came back to the water. I didn’t want to 8 up my dream of becoming one of the best surfers. Of course, I had to 9 harder than before. After all these years, I keep on getting better 10 I used to be. I hope my story can tell people: Never give up dreams when we get into trouble. （4） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 luck   when   trouble   she   surprised   hit   hurt   for   break   soon   with   headache Wu Xixi works at an emergency center (急救中心) in Nanjing, Jiangsu. Not long ago, when she was at work, she got a call from a woman. Wu Xixi asked her what was the matter 1 her. However, the woman just kept saying, “My head 2 badly.” “Could you please give me your precise location (确切位置)?” asked Wu Xixi. To Wu Xixi’s 3 , the woman couldn’t say that. Wu Xixi 4 realized (意识到) the importance of finding out the woman’s precise location quickly. Then she made a decision to ask the police 5 help.     Thanks to the police, Wu Xixi succeeded in finding the woman in about twenty minutes. “We later found out the woman lived by 6 . No one was by her side 7 she fell sick. She had a terrible 8 . That means she was in a very dangerous situation. 9 , we found her in a short time and sent her to hospital right away,” said Wu Xixi. “If people get into 10 and need medical (医疗的) help, they should give their locations as precisely as possible when they call the 120. Then we can find them as soon as possible,” added Wu Xixi. （5） 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空，将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上，每个单词只能用一次。 late   put   smoke   afraid   be   on   they   neck   rush   real Today I read a piece of news in the newspaper. It 41 made me feel sad. It happened in a big city 2 the afternoon of January 2nd. Many people were shopping in a shopping mall. Suddenly, there was a big fire there. There was heavy 3 in it and the fire was very hot. Many people were very 4 . Some people shouted “Help, help!” Some shouted “Fire, Fire!” and ran out. A few minutes 5 , a lot of firemen came. They 6 into the shopping mall and saved people. Finally, these firemen 7 out the fire. Luckily all the people were safe. But some firemen 8 hurt. They were in hospital because the fire burnt their 9 , arms and faces. Many people went to the hospital and said “Thank you!” to 10 . （6） 用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成短文，方框内有两项多余 read, health, tell, somewhere, good, how, you, what, something, much, exercise, do Miss King was often ill last year. She really wanted to be 1 , but she didn’t know what 2 . Mr. Green, a doctor, told her 3 to keep in good health. “First, you should look after 4 . For example, you should go for a walk after dinner, 5 often and eat lots of fruit and vegetables. They are all good for your health. Don’t do 6 that is bad for your health. For example, don’t watch too 7 TV, 8 in bed, eat junk food or go to bed late.” After that, Miss King always did as Mr. Green 9 her. She is in 10 health now than before. 短文填空 （1） 读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you don’t keep yourself warm enough, winter can be a time to have an illness. During the winter months, people 1 (easy) get colds and flu. Many people think they are the same, 2 they are different. Colds can stay with you for up to a week. You will have a running nose, a sore throat, a headache, a cough and a fever. Flu is 3 (serious) than colds. You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache. Your body 4 (hurt) and become weak. This could last for up to four 5 (week). Is there any way to keep 6 (you) away from colds or flu? Staying away from people 7 colds or flu may work. Try not 8 (touch) your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. Wash your hands, especially after 9 (clean) your nose. Going out with wet hair can also give you a cold! If you catch a cold or flu, go to bed and rest. Doing this will help you get well. Drink lots of water. Stay in 10 warm, well-aired room. If you have a headache, or your muscles (肌肉) hurt, don’t forget to take some medicine. （2) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mary is 1 African elephant. Now she is 16 years old. She lives in the zoo. She can look after 2 (she). Mary has already produced more than 50 drawings. She 3 (make) over $2,500 for the zoo since last year. Zoo leaders said they 4 (find) Mary’s art ability (能力) about 4 years ago. Zoo workers watched her make the mark in the sand with her trunk (象鼻). She rubbed out (抹去), then made the new ones. Mary 5 (draw) pictures at this time yesterday when the zoo workers gave her brushes and paints. The picture might be like 6 (fall) leaves, it was wonderful! Newspaper reporters wrote about Mary, and people knew Mary had some 7 (different) from others. Then people were happy 8 (buy) her pictures. They think Mary is one of 9 (smart) elephants in the world. And in this way she made a lot of money for the zoo by drawing. This is how Mary does the drawing. A zoo worker holds different color paints and Mary touches the colors she wants. Then the worker gives her chosen color to the brushes in her trunk and Mary begins to paint. They can get 10 well with each other. (3) 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。 Mr. Jenkins liked all kinds of delicious food. As an important officer, he was often asked 1 (have) dinner. The shopkeepers tried their 2 (good) to fawn on (巴结) him. They knew it 3 (be) good for their business. Now the officer got 4 (fat) and fatter. He could 5 (hard) go upstairs at home and had to sleep downstairs. He often felt 6 (tiring) if he walked or did some housework. He was 7 (worry) about it and had to go to a doctor. “Stop 8 (eat) food with much fat (脂肪) and sugar, Mr. Jenkins.” said the doctor. “Or your health will be worse!” It was difficult for the officer to do it. He wouldn’t do as the doctor said. He found something was wrong with his heart a few 9 (month) later. Now he thought the doctor was right because he had to be in hospital. “You must lose weight,” said the doctor, “unless you want to die soon!” “Could you tell me a way 10 (lose) weight, please?” “You must do some exercise first.” “Which exercise?” “To move your head from side to side when you are invited to dinner!” (4) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Would you offer help if an old man falls down on the street? A 1 (report) once did a survey (调查) among 200 students. 25% of them said they would help 2 old man stand up right away. Eighty students said if the old man asked them for help, they would give him a hand without thinking twice. However, 30 students said they would refuse 3 (help) him because they didn’t want to get into any trouble. But they said they would call the police 4 help. The rest of the students said they would see whether the old man needed help or not. Then 5 should we do when we see an old person fall down on the street? Here 6 (be) some tips. Firstly, we should ask what’s the matter with him or her. If he or she is 7 (bad) hurt, we shouldn’t move him or her and should call 120 for help at once. 8 (second), we can ask the people around to help him or her together. 9 some old people try to get some money in a bad way, we should believe that most old people are kind. And we should try to help them, because helping the old is a 10 (tradition) virtue (美德) of our country. Don’t you think so? （5） 下面是Jim写给Lisa的信，请把它补充完整。（每空一词） Dear Lisa, I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling 1 . I think you should 2 yourself by listening 3 some music before going to bed, and have a good 4 . You can also join clubs to make more 5 . I hope you will have a good time in China.       Yours,                                                    Jim 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$