2025年中考英语备考语法知识篇之谓语动词的时态 课件

中考备考之语法知识篇 谓语动词的时态 目 录 CONTENTS 01 考点导图 02 中考考点回顾 03 考点精讲精练 04 语篇考点专练 考点导图 中考考点回顾 考 点 题 型 考 频 (3年13考) 考点内容 一般现在时 短文填空 3年2考 2023,2024:结合语境 一般过去时 语法选择 3年3考 2023,2024:结合上下文时态 短文填空 3年3考 2023:结合上下文时态 2023:标志词In 1988 一般将来时 语法选择 3年1考 2023:结合语境 现在进行时 语法选择 3年1考 2023:标志词Now 现在完成时 短文填空 3年3考 2023:标志词Since then,has 2023:标志词has 2024:标志词since,has 在近3年广东中考中,语法选择主要考查一般过去时、一般将来时和现在进行时:可结合具体语境或根据上下文确定空格处的时态;有时也可根据标志词进行判断。 1 Judie thought for a moment and_36_, “Butterflies.” A. answers B. answered C. will answer D. has answered 考点解析 考查一般过去时。根据上文thought可知时态为一般过去时。故选B。 2 Now, the city is hoping that the bridge_37_ lots of tourists to the area. A. brought B. will bring C. is bringing D. was bringing 考点解析 考查一般将来时。根据语境可知时态为一般将来时。故选B。 3 She _39_ herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing. A. tell B. tells C. told 考点解析 考查一般过去时。根据下文had可知时态为一般过去时。故选C。 4 Now David _40_ space science. He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future. A. study B. is studying C. was studying 考点解析 考查现在进行时。根据标志词Now可知时态为现在进行时。故选B。 5 When he turned seven, he _31_ ￡7 a week. A.gets B.got C.will get 考点解析 考查一般过去时。根据上文turned可知时态为一般过去时。故选B。 在近3年广东中考中,短文填空主要考查一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时:学生需结合具体语境或根据句中的时间标志词进行判断;确定时态后使用动词的正确形式填空,注意掌握动词第三人称单数、过去式和过去分词的变化规则。 1 With the help of her mother, Jane _72_ up her first lemonade stand (摊档). In a week, it made $52. 考点解析 考查一般过去时。根据下文made可知时态为一般过去时,set up(建立)为固定搭配。故填set。 2His Chinese friends _68_ him “Lao Pan”. 考点解析 考查一般现在时及主谓一致。结合语境可知此处时态为一般现在时,由Lao Pan可知此处表示“称呼”;主语是复数,动词用原形。故填call。 3 In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and _69_ as a teacher at a university. 考点解析 考查一般过去时。由标志词In 1988可知时态为一般过去时,“work as+职业”(做……工作)为固定搭配。故填worked。 4 Since then he has _71_ thirteen books about China. 考点解析 考查现在完成时。由标志词Since then及空格前的has可推断出用现在完成时;根据空后的books可知此处表示“写(write)书”或“出版(publish)书”。故填written / published。 5 And now it has _72_ popular in Europe and America. 考点解析 考查现在完成时。由空格前的has可推断出用现在完成时。根据句意可知此处表示“变得(become)受欢迎”。故填become。 6According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people _68_ their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝).(选项:clean) 考点解析 考查一般过去时。根据上文appeared可知时态为一般过去时;根据空格后的teeth可知此处表示“清洁(clean)牙齿”。故填cleaned。 7 But since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sports has _68_ a lot.(选项:grow) 考点解析 考查现在完成时。根据标志词since及空格前的has可推断出用现在完成时;根据句意可知此处表示“对体育的兴趣增长(grow)了很多”。故填grown。 8 As biking has become a lifestyle, experts _75_ that this biking craze will continue.(选项:believe) 考点解析 考查一般现在时及主谓一致。结合语境可知此处时态为一般现在时;根据句意可知此处表示“相信(believe)这种骑车热潮将会持续下去”;主语是复数,动词用原形。故填believe。 考点精讲精练 考点1 一般现在时(3年2考) 项 目 要 点 举 例 定 义 表示现阶段经常性或习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态 He reads English every morning.他每天早晨都会朗读英语。 表示主语所具有的特征、性格、能力或存在的状态,通常不带时间状语 She is a middle school student.她是一名中学生。 表示客观事实、普遍真理、格言等 The moon goes around the earth.月亮绕 着地球转。 项 目 要 点 举 例 定 义 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来的动作 I will call you as soon as I arrive.我一 到就给你打电话。 We won't go out if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨,我们就不出去。 句型结构 谓语为be动词: 陈 述 句 :主语+am/is /are(not)+其他. 一 般 疑 问 句 :Am/Is/Are+主语+其他? I am(not)a nurse .我(不)是 一名护士。 Are you a nurse?你是一名护士吗? 谓语为行为动词: 肯定句:主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式+其他. 否定句:主语+don't /doesn't +动词原形+ 其他 . 一般疑问句:Do /Does +主语+动词原形+ 其他? He does morning exercises every day.他每天都做早操。 He doesn't do morning exercises everyday.他不是每天都做早操 Does he do morning exercises every day?他每天都做早操吗? 标志性 时间状语 always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,hardly,never,every day /week /month ..., once/twice ...a week,on Sunday/Monday ... (基础过关)单项填空 ( )1. —Mom, when can I have an ice-cream? —When you _ your meal. But don't rush it. A. finish B.will finish C.finishes ( )2. Jenny is an early bird. She _ at 6:00 in the morning. A.got up B.gets up C.will get up A B ( )3. Linda prefers musicians who _ different kinds of music. A.play B.plays C.was playing ( )4. A lot of people in China _ by high-speed train every year. A.will travel B. traveled C.travel ( )5. To make our hometown more beautiful, we _ many trees and flowers every year. A. plant B. are planting C.planted A C A (能力过关)用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. The teacher told us that the earth _ (travel) around the sun. 7. —What time does John usually have breakfast on school days? —He usually _(have) breakfast at 7 o'clock. 8. My sister Tina often _ (collect) litter with some volunteers in the park. travels has collects 9. The two museums both _(open) to the public from 9:00 a.m.to 5:00 p.m. 10. If Kate _ (finish) her homework, her parents will allow her to hang out with friends. open finishes 考点2 一般过去时(3年6考) 项 目 要 点 举 例 定 义 表示在过去某一时间里发生的动作或存在 的状态 The little boy was born in 2018.那个小男孩出生于2018年。 表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作或状态 She often went to the park last year.去年她经常去公园。 句型结构 谓语为be动词: 陈 述 句 :主语+was/were(not)+其他 . 一 般 疑 问 句 :Was/Were+主语+其他? They were(not)in the classroom just now.刚才他们(不)在教室。 Were they in the classroom just now?刚才他们在教室吗? 谓语为行为动词: 肯定句:主语+动词的过去式+其他. 否定句:主语+didn't+动词原形+其他. 一 般 疑 问 句 : D i d + 主 语 + 动 词 原 形 + 其他? We played soccer last night.昨天晚上我们踢足球了。 We didn't play soccer last night.昨晚我们没踢足球。 Did you play soccer last night?昨晚你们踢足球了吗? 标志性 时间状语 时间段+ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week/month/year ...,in 2020, just now,in the past,the other day(前几天)... (基础过关)单项填空 ( )1. In China, hotpot has a history of over 1,000 years. It first _ in the Mongolia area, and then became popular in the southern part of China. A.appears B. will appear C.appeared C ( )2. He _ have breakfast because he woke up late this morning. A. does B.did C.didn't ( )3. —What did you do last Saturday, Tina? —I _ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there. A.go B.went C.will go C B ( )4. —How did you get to school yesterday? —I _ my bike to school. A.rode B.ride C.rides ( )5. —Which teacher will you miss the most after graduation? —Mrs.Chen. She encouraged me a lot when I _ the English exam. A. fail B.was failing C.failed A C (能力过关)用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. He _ (prefer) country music to pop music when he was young. 7. Yesterday, we _ (work) out the problem with our teacher's help. 8. Wuxi Metro Line S1 _ (start) to operate on January 31st, 2024. preferred worked started 9. Tina _ (catch) the last bus and got home safe and sound(未受伤的). 10. Fan Jinshi _ (plan) and worked on the largest protection program in the history of the Mogao Caves (莫高窟). caught planned 考点3 一般将来时 项 目 要 点 举 例 定 义 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及打 算、计划或准备做某事 I hope my dream will come true one day.我希望有一天我的梦想会实现。 句型结构 be going to结构: 陈 述 句 :主语+am/is/are(not)going to+ 动词原形+其他. 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are +主语+going to+ 动词原形+其他? She is(not)going to fly a kite this Sunday.这个星期天她(不)去放风筝。 Is she going to fly a kite this Sunday?这个星期天她去放风筝吗? will /shall结构: 陈述句:主语+will /shall(not)+动词原形+ 其他 . 一般疑问句:Will/Shall +主语+动词原形+ 其他? 【注意】shall通常用于第一人称I和we We will(not)help you.我们(不)会 帮你。 Will you help me?你们会帮我吗? 标志性 时间状语 tomorow,the day after tomorrow(后天),next day /week/month/year ..,soon,in+ 时间段(一段时间后),in the future,in 2030.. 项 目 要 点 举 例 注意 事项 (1)表示现在已有迹象表明即将发生某事,只能用be going to表达 例 Look at the dark clouds.I think it is going to rain.看那些乌云,我觉得要下雨了。(乌云聚集预示着将要下雨,所以用be going to) (2)有些表示位置移动的动词(arrive,come,go,leave等)可以用现在进行时表示将要 发生的、计划或安排好的事情 例 According to the app Chelaile,the bus iscoming.根据应用程序“车来了”,公交车要 到了。(“车来了”应用程序显示公交车即将到来) (3)在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般 现在时来代替将来时,即“主将从现” 例 We will go to thepark if it doesn't rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我们将去公园。 (“我们将去公园”是一般将来时,根据“主将从现”,从句“如果明天不下雨”用 一般现在时) ( )1. —Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There _ heavy rain this afternoon. —Don't worry, Mom. I'll bring it to him. A.was B.are C.will be ( )2. I'm expecting a friend. I'm afraid I _ later. A.order B.will order C.ordered C B ( )3. —Jane and I _ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? —Sure. See you then. A.had B.have had C.are going to have ( )4. —Su Hai, what will you do for the coming Father's Day? —I _ a beautiful card for my father. A. design B.designed C. will design C C ( )5. There _ a volleyball game next Saturday. If it _, we'll have to put it off. A. is going to be; rains B. is going to be; will rain C. will have; rains A 考点4 现在进行时 项 目 要 点 举 例 定 义 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行或发生的动作 I am preparing for a math test now.我现在正在准备一场数学考试。 句型结构 陈述句: 主语+am /is/are(not)+动词的现在分词+其他. 一般疑问句: Am/Is /Are+主语+动词的现在分词+其他? We are(not)watching TV now.现在我们(没有)在看电视。 Are you watching TV now?现在你们在看电视吗? 标志性 时间状语 now,right now,at the moment ...以及提示词“Look!”“Listen!”.. (基础过关)单项填空 ( )1. Listen! The birds _ in the tree now. A.sing B.sang C.are singing ( )2. —Hello, may I speak to Jenny, please? —Wait a minute, please. She _ in the kitchen now. A.cooked B.is cooking C.will cook C B ( )3. Look! The students _ an art class in the park. A.have B.were having C.are having ( )4. —Where is Helen? —I'm not sure. Maybe she _ her baseball lesson. A.had B.was having C.is having ( )5. Tom _ the dog at the moment. A.is walking B.walks C.has walked C C A (能力过关)用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. Do you mind turning down the music? I _ (attend) an online meeting now. 7. Tom often does some housework. Now he _ (fold) the clothes. 8. Look! My sister _ (set) the table. Let's give her a hand. am attending is folding is setting 9. —Sorry, I can't hear you clearly. I _(watch) a football match. —OK. I'll ring you up later. 10. —Jim, I've got a problem with my car. Could you help me? —Sorry, not right now. I _(make) a short video. am watching am making 考点5 过去进行时 项 目 要 点 举 例 定 义 表示过去某一时刻或过去某一时间段正在进行或发生的动作 My mother was cooking when I came back home lastFriday.上周五当我到家时,我妈妈正在做饭。 句型结构 陈述句: 主语+was /were(not)+动词的现在分词+其他. 一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词+其他? I was(not)watching TV at 8:00 yesterday morning.昨天上午8点,我(没有)在看电视。 Were you watching TV at 8:00 yesterday morning?昨天上午8点,你在看电视吗? 标志性 时间状语 at that time,at that moment,then,(at)this time yesterday,at 8:00 yesterday,when/while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句... (基础过关)单项填空 ( )1. When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he _ an old man cross the road. A.helps B.was helping C.will help ( )2. While we _ an English song, some visitors came into our classroom. A.were singing B.sang C.are singing B A ( )3. Hey, John! What's up? I _ a shower when you called. A.am taking B.have taken C.was taking ( )4. —Helen, I didn't see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I _ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A. will practice B. am practicing C. was practicing C C ( )5. —Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn't answer. —Sorry, I _ the dishes. A. wash B. washed C. was washing C (能力过关)用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. Tom and his parents _ (have) supper when the phone rang. 7. —Amy, you didn't answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing? —Sorry, I didn't hear the ring. I _ (read) a book in my study. were having was reading 8. —Tim, what were you doing when I called you? —I _ (fix) up the old bicycle with my sister. 9. We decided to stay at home because it _ (rain) heavily. 10. When Mom came home, Danny _ (play) the piano in the living room. was fixing was raining was playing 考点6 现在完成时(3年3考) 项 目 要 点 举 例 定 义 强调过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在 造成的影响或结果 I have had lunch already.我已经吃过午饭了。 (“我”已经饱了) 表示开始于过去、持续到现在并且可能 还会持续下去的动作或状态 The film has been on for ten minutes.这部电影 已经开始10分钟了。(电影不止10分钟,还会继续播放) 句型结构 陈述句: 主语+have /has (not)+动词的过去 分词+其他. 一般疑问句: Have/Has +主语+动词的过去分词+ 其他? He has finished his homework.他完成了他的家庭作业。 Has he finished his homework?他完成他的家庭作业了吗? 标志性 时间状语 (1)already,just,yet,ever,never,before,so far/by now,recently/lately,in the past/ last few days/weeks/months/years ..,twice/three times .. (2)since+时间点/含有一般过去时的句子,for +时间段 注意事项 (1)have/has gone to 去了某地(人现在还没回来) 例 —Where is your father? 你父亲在哪里? —He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。 (2)have/has been to 去过某地(人现在已经回来了) 例 He has been to Shanghai twice. 他去过上海两次。 (3)have/has been in 在某地已经多长时间了(通常与for/since连用) 例 He has been in Dongguan for three years. 他来东莞3年了。 【拓展】 1. 延续性动词与非延续性动词 非延续性动词用于表示一次性的动作,如果需要和表示一段时间的状语(for+时间段,since+时间点,how long等)连用,应转换为延续性动词。 非延续性动词 延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow/lend keep become be catch a cold have a cold put on wear/be in begin/start be on go be off finish/end be over leave be away(from) get up be up marry/get married be married come out/go out be out fall asleep be asleep die be dead get to/arrive in/reach be in close/open be closed/be open join be in/be a member of come back/go back be back 例 The old man died 4 years ago.=The old man has been dead for 4 years. 那位老人已经去世4年了。 2. 一般过去时与现在完成时的易混知识点辨析 一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或状态,与现在无关。 现在完成时:表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响,强调现在的情况。 例 He worked here in 2010. 2010年,他在这里工作。(他现在不一定还在这里工作) He has worked here since 2010. 自2010年以来他就在这里工作。(他现在还在这里工作) (基础过关)单项填空 ( )1. —Lucy, where is Mr.Wang? —He _ Beijing to attend a meeting.A.has gone to B. has been to C. has been in ( )2. Alex _ tea culture since he came to China in 2010. A.studies B.studied C.has studied A C ( )3. —Oh hi, I'm looking for a pair of shoes. —Well, you _ to the right place. We have a lot of shoes in our shop. A.came B.have come C.will come ( )4. Mr.Green _ China for five years. A.has been to B.has gone to C.has been in B C ( )5. Hurry up! The movie _ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. began C. has been on (能力过关)用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. China _(plan) to export (出口) railway technology to countries along the Belt and Road (一带一路) so far. 7. The Shenzhou-18 astronauts _ (work) in Tiangong space station since late April. C has planned have worked 8. Have you ever _ (try) Chinese food outside of China? 9. —I'm afraid the tickets to the concert have been sold out. —Don't worry. I _(buy) two tickets online already. 10. Adam has just _ (refuse) to play football with them because he's busy with his final exam. tried have bought refused 语篇考点专练 一、语法选择 主题:3D打印 词数:116 难度: 建议用时:4 mins Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed a lot by 3D printing. It _1_ many things in our lives already, right down to the food we eat. For example, some restaurants in London _2_ 3D-printed hamburgers to customers since it appeared. ( )1.A.influence B.influenced C.has influenced ( )2.A.serve B.has served C.have served C C But perhaps the biggest success that people have achieved _3_ in medicine. It is amazing when people _4_ a beating heart printed with 3D printing technology. ( )3.A.is B.was C.are ( )4.A.see B.will see C.saw A A The printed body part might help people live a normal life again after an illness or an accident. And it is not just humans who _5_ the benefit(好处)from it. In Brazil, people have built new 3D-printed body parts for animals injured in a forest fire! ( )5.A.were getting B.are getting C.got B 二、语法选择 主题:墙球 词数:246 难度: 建议用时:7 mins Have you heard of wallball(墙球)? Wallball is a simple sport to play. You only need a ball _1_ a wall, so you can play anywhere at any time. As the name shows, wallball _2_ about hitting a small ball against a wall. To do this, keep your hand open and use your palm (手掌) to hit it. Usually gloves _3_, but you can choose not to wear them. You can use either of your hands to hit the ball. ( )1.A.but B.and C.so ( )2.A.is B.are C.was ( )3.A.need B.needs C.are needed B A C Two players take turns to hit the ball.One player bounces(弹起)the ball once and hits it againstthe wall.Then_4_player hits it back to the wall.If a player fails to hit the ball to the wall before itbounces twice,this player_5_one point. ( )4.A.another B.other C.the other ( )5.A.loses B.lost C.will lose C C The player that reaches 11, 15 or 21 points first wins the game. If you _6_ two games first, you'll win the match. But if the game score is 1-1, one more game is often played. ( )6.A.win B.won C.have won A “Last month, we _7_ several matches against other schools. Every match was _8_ than I thought. I can't wait for the next year's match! It makes _9_ crazy,” said James, a wallball lover from the UK. ( )7.A.have B.had C.were having ( )8.A.excitingB.more exciting C.the most exciting ( )9.A.me B.my C.mine B B A More and more people today become interested in wallball. Some clubs _10_ colorful courts (球场) so far. However, you can certainly set up your own court at home. If you like wallball, get started. ( )10.A.built B.will build C.have built C 三、短文填空 主题:首届垃圾收集世界杯 词数:202 难度: 建议用时:8 mins 请从方框内选择适当的词,并根据需要用其正确形式填空,使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意:每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。 walk to be pay before the waste win he help take rubbish Do you believe picking up rubbish has become a world competition? In November of 2023, the first Rubbish Collection World Cup was held in Asia. Teams from 21 countries _1_ part in it. According _2_ the rules, each team will have 60 minutes to collect rubbish as much as possible. Britain finally _3_ the first prize. “We hope more people around the world will _4_ attention to environmental problems,” said a British team member. took to won pay walk to be pay before the waste win he help take rubbish When Ken, the founder (创始人) of the competition, was interviewed, he talked about how he came up with _5_ idea. Several years ago, he found many sea animals died after they ate the rubbish in the sea when he was _6_ along the river. So _7_ started to pick up rubbish on his way to the beach every morning. the walking he walk to be pay before the waste win he help take rubbish “Picking up a piece of _8_ may save a turtle's (海龟的) life. It's also a good way to keep the beach clean.” In his eyes, changing people's thoughts about rubbish _9_ more important. “Picking up rubbish is meaningful and _10_,” added Ken. “Now, I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it to protect our environment.” rubbish is helpful walk to be pay before the waste win he help take rubbish 1._ 2. _ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ took to won pay the walking he rubbish is helpful $$