精品解析：黑龙江省哈尔滨市尚志、五常、阿城、宾县、双城六校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

2024-2025 学年度高二上学期六校期末联合考试卷 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分四部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；主观题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 3. 本试卷命题范围：选择性必修第一册~选择性必修第二册。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman advise the man to go to the carnival? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 2. What is hard for the man to get used to in China? A. The weather. B. The food. C. The language. 3. What is the man’s attitude toward the rise of fuel cost? A. Worried. B. Positive. C. Ambiguous. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and clerk. B. Mother and son. C. Wife and husband. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Hobbies. B. Music theories. C. Community classes. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What time is it now? A. 7:00 pm. B. 7:30 pm. C. 8:00 pm. 7. What will the woman probably do next? A. Make a call. B. Park the car. C. Order food. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the woman make the call? A. To make an apology. B. To make a suggestion. C. To make changes to a reservation. 9. Which date will the woman probably choose? A. June 6th. B. June 7th. C. June 8th. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is the woman probably? A. A saleswoman. B. A house agent. C. A secretary. 11. What does the man think of the kitchen? A. It’s small. B. It’s empty. C. It’s new. 12. What will the woman check next? A. Whether the furniture can be provided. B. Whether the appliances can be fixed. C. Whether the rent can be lowered. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. When did the man graduate? A. A week ago. B. A month ago. C. Two months ago. 14. What can we learn about the man? A. He contacted the woman a lot. B. He got formal interview training. C. He had a chance to have an interview. 15. What does the woman say about the man’s situation? A. It’s tough. B. It’s optimistic. C. It’s unpredictable. 16. What does the woman suggest the man do in the end? A. Check the employment ads in the newspaper. B. Do a part-time job to get work experience. C. Send his resume to recruiting agencies. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What was the speaker ten years ago? A. A librarian. B. An editor. C. A teacher. 18. What would the speaker do if Tim finished his task on time? A. She would treat him a dinner. B. She would play games with him. C. She would give him some chocolate. 19. How did the speaker feel when she got the call from Tim’s mother? A. Disappointed. B. Unhappy. C. Curious. 20. What did Tim expect the speaker to do? A. Help him choose a gift. B. Teach him for a longer time. C. Keep in contact with him. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A East Africa is one of the best places to enjoy incredible hikes. Here are the top four adventure destinations selected by Traghetti website this year. Mount Kenya At 5,199 meters above sea level, Mount Kenya is an ancient extinct volcano. Mount Kenya has three peaks — Batian, Nelion and Lenana, among which only Lenana can be reached by average trekkers (徒步者) and the other two only for technical climbers. Mount Meru As Tanzania’s second highest mountain, Mount Meru is often used by mountaineers for an adaptation training before trying to conquer Kilimanjaro. Climbing Mount Meru passes through many different vegetation (植被) zones. The dry forest of the lower region gives way to a dense mountain rainforest, which then turns into bush. The trail also passes through the habitats of a number of wild animals including buffaloes, baboons and giraffes. Mount Kilimanjaro Mount Kilimanjaro reaches 5,895 meters above sea level. It can be climbed at any time of the year but there is usually a lot more rain during April, May and November. At the lower levels, you will pass through cultivated farmlands rising through tropical rainforest onto alpine meadows and finally the barren landscape leading to the snow and ice capped summit. The lower levels also offer the chance to view a wide variety of animals, birds and fauna in their natural habitat. Usambara Mountain Range For hikers who do not want to undergo the difficulties of climbing challenging peaks like Kilimanjaro. Tanzania’s Usambara Mountain Range offers a great alternative. Unlike the hikes that require permits and the company of park rangers, it is casual, and easily accessible. At 2,440 meters, Usambara Mountain is home to over 3,000 plant species and over 600 tree species. 1. What do we know about Mount Kenya? A. It is an active volcano. B. It is the highest mountain in Africa. C. An average hiker can also challenge to climb it. D. Its three peaks can only be accessible to experienced trekkers. 2. Which mountain is what the climbers most want to conquer? A. Mount Meru. B. Mount Kenya. C. Usambara Mountain Range. D. Mount Kilimanjaro. 3. What’s special about Usambara Mountain Range? A. It hard to get the permission of the park. B. It doesn’t need park rangers to accompany the climbers. C. It’s home to a variety of animal species. D. It can be visited at any time of the year. B When Meng Jintao was a child, power outages in his rural hometown sparked his curiosity: Why can’t we store electricity during regular times and use it when the power goes out? Now 29, Meng has turned this childhood curiosity into reality with his advanced iron-based flow energy storage system. Distinguished by its massive storage capacity, high safety standards, and long- term endurance, this technology represents a major advancement in energy storage. In 2013, Meng began his studies at Hefei University of Technology in Anhui, East China, majoring in new energy materials and devices. During his university years, he traveled to Qinghai and Gansu provinces in Northwest China for research, where he observed the initial successes of wind and solar power projects. However, he learned from power station staff that much of the energy generated by wind turbines was unstable and could not be effectively used. It was during this period that Meng recognized the urgent need for advanced storage solutions to stabilize energy supply and release it steadily to the grid, thereby increasing efficiency. This realization led him to develop the iron-based flow energy storage system. “This system functions like a large power bank for cities,” he explained. According to Meng, while lithium(锂)batteries are well-established, there is a growing need for a more affordable and safer storage solution. He chose iron for its cost-efficiency and the abundant availability of iron resources in China. Iron-based flow energy storage systems are also more economical and use water as a solution, making them fire-resistant and safer. In 2020, while pursuing his master’s degree at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Meng achieved a significant milestone by successfully testing the first iron-based flow battery in his lab. “Seeing the battery model start its charging and discharging cycles was a moment of endless pride,” he said, “with China announcing its double carbon goals, I wanted to transform my research into a tangible product that could both benefit the country and make a difference.” Through continuous adjustments, accurate research, and determined experimentation, Meng and his team completed their first kilowatt-level energy storage system in 2021, suitable for everyday use. “I want to keep improving the technology to make energy storage safer and more cost-effective, both in China and worldwide,” he said. 4. What can we know about Meng Jingtao? A. Meng Jintao witnessed the success of traditional energy projects. B. Meng Jintao has solved the problem of power cuts in rural areas. C. Meng Jintao has successfully find new solutions for energy storage. D. Meng Jintao has still searched the material to turn his curiosity into reality. 5. What characteristic of iron led Meng Jintao to choose it? A. Its work efficiency. B. Its economic advantage. C. Its unlimited supply. D. Its environmental friendliness. 6. Which of the following words can best describe Meng Jintao? A Special and patient. B. Hard-working and outgoing. C. Honest and kind. D. Capable and determined. 7. What is the most suitable title for this passage? A. From Curiosity to Creation: Meng Jintao’s Journey in Energy Storage B. Meng Jintao: Leading Figure in Power Generation Technology C. Lithium vs. Iron: The Ongoing Battle for Better Energy Storage Solution D. The Future of Renewable Energy: Strengths and Weaknesses C “Big Tree,” an old southern live oak, sits in a park just outside Orlando’s business district. It’s been struck by lightning at least three times and has survived many hurricanes — and it grew from a seed around the same time Juan Ponce de León’s ship first landed on Florida’s eastern coast. Over 400 years old the tree is so impressive that members of a Michigan-based nonprofit flew to Orlando in February to climb the tree and cut branches and leaves. The researchers are now in the midst of the process to grow new roots from the cuttings. The reason: To clone the historic tree, store its DNA and plant potentially thousands of cloned trees across the Southeast. In order to clone an ancient tree, researchers must climb it to find a piece of live tissue. The freshly cut branches and leaves are taken to the group’s lab in Michigan, where, in climate-controlled rooms, researchers work to promote growth from the cuttings. The most common method is by rooted cuttings. In this method, a tip of a tree’s branch is dipped (蘸) into hormones, placed into a foam plug (泡沫塞) and set inside a mist room. Then, the waiting begins. A sign of life can take several months to a year to show, if one comes at all. In another method called tissue culture, researchers take a quarter-inch of branch, dip it into a mixture made up of a dozen hormones and other chemicals, seal (密封) it in a container and wait to see whether it will grow roots. Experts lauded the group for its creative methods and reproduction in large numbers, but they doubt whether the clones will grow as the originals do. Scott Merkle, a professor of forest biology at the University of Georgia, said, “There are so many variables that there’s no certainty that they will be able to survive and perform better than other trees that you plant on the same land”. He added that the age of historic trees makes them difficult to study. “I think it’s a great thing that they’ re doing. I just don’t know how realistic it is.” 8. According to the passage, what do the researchers aim to do? A. To study the reason for the survival of “Big Tree”. B. To save thousands of trees across the Southeast. C. To analyse the effects of climate on tree growth. D. To clone an ancient tree from its original. 9. What do we know about the two methods mentioned in paragraph 4? A. Tissue culture is the most frequently used method. B. There is a chance that the branch will fail to grow roots. C. In the first method the live tissue is sealed in a container. D. A mixture of hormones and other chemicals is needed in both methods. 10 What does the underlined word “lauded” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Praised. B. Met. C. Joined. D. Contacted. 11. What’s Scott Merkle’s attitude to the group’s work? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Cautious. D. Unclear. D Shortly after ChatGPT was released, in early 2023, a writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI, because it could write content for free. But he is also wanted — at a small amount of his normal rate — to “rewrite” the AI-generated text. This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs, and the real problem is not AI. The problem is a culture that devalues human labor. With the release of new AI applications discussions about the future of work are back in full force. A recent study looked at professions in the United States, from poets to financial managers, predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI. But our precious experience with suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work. In 2019, an independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores. Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor, researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work. For example, automated checkout machines kept employees busy, because now they were assisting confused customers, troubleshooting machines, and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store. Most importantly, Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks, which helped accommodate and employ the ‘automated’ technology, were often undervalued or even invisible. The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us. It’s a cultural problem. As jobs get disrupted (扰乱) and people’s livelihoods are threatened, it’s easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason, whether you’re an expert or an employer. But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated. It’s a big thing to change, but it’s not set in stone. And that’s the real ‘robots and jobs’ conversation we need to be having. 12. Why did a writer named Jason Colavito post on social media about AI? A. To share his life. B. To finish tasks. C. To support the AI. D. To complain about AI. 13. What can be inferred from Mateescu and Elish’s findings? A. Humans are still needed to deal with AI-generated problems. B. Humans cannot understand the real value of their own jobs. C. New advanced devices are being integrated in various jobs. D. Automated technology is taking away almost all jobs. 14. Why do people devalue labor? A. Living pressure. B. Technological advances. C. Cultural factors. D. Unemployment issues. 15. In which part of a newspaper may you read this passage? A. Travel. B. Technology. C. Health. D. Medicine. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tidying your desk, watering your plants or folding laundry — these household chores are hardly the height of pleasure. But we often find ourselves seeking pleasure and comfort in small repetitive tasks. Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms (机制) that might explain the perfect pleasure of puttering (慢条斯理地做). ___16___ Pleasant distractions On the surface level, puttering may be useful because it occupies the mind, so that we give fewer resources to the things that are worrying us. ___17___ People completing these small tasks often report a significantly better mood. This included reduced nervousness and even a sense of “inspiration”, as if the immersion in the simple activity had refreshed their minds. ___18___ Unlike other distracting activities — such as playing computer games or watching trashy TV— puttering also has the advantage of being positive and useful, increasing our “perceived control”. When we feel anxious, a sense of helplessness can heighten the physiological stress response, increasing levels of hormones. ___19___ But research suggests we can gain a perception of control from activities that may have little effect on the situation that’s bothering us. Tidy room, focused mind ___20___. If your puttering takes the form of organizing and decluttering (清理), you may find that the tidier environment is itself a form of comfort. To summarize, if we see order outside, it helps us to feel a bit less chaotic inside. It is comforting because it makes life easier to manage and more predictable. A. Being careful B. A feeling of control C The benefits do not end there. D. We will feel great anxiety in our mind. E. They may well encourage you to engage in it more often. F. Ideally, we would deal directly with the upsetting situation itself. G. For instance, we may find household tasks can help us focus on the present moment. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a writer, I miss rejection slips (退稿通知). Not that I enjoyed receiving those pre-printed slips of paper, but at least when I got one, I was pretty sure that a flesh-and-blood ____21____ had put it in the envelope. And there was always the chance I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom, ____22____ the piece almost made it. When an editor at Me Call’s wrote, “I’m afraid I have to say no on this ____23____ piece, but try me again on another, would you?”, it was almost as ____24____ to me as if she had said, “We’ll ____25____ it and here is an advance for you.”. Nowadays, rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions. Most editors don’t feel it a must to ____26____ they have received, read, or considered your work ____27____ they receive so many contributions (投稿) each day. For me, there are three ____28____ of rejection slip pain. The first is ____29____ brought on by finding a flat “no” on a ____30____ piece of paper, then followed by anger (how could they ____31____ a piece that is obviously so much ____32____ than most of the stuff they print), and, finally, rebirth: I will live to ____33____a new piece another day. Learning to ____34____ rejection seems like part of growing up as a writer. Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received, my folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips” is far ____35____ than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”, which indicates to me the fact: I still have some growing up to do. 21. A. teacher B. reader C. editor D. mailman 22. A. demanding B. suspecting C. arguing D. indicating 23. A. boring B. novel C. lengthy D. particular 24. A. upsetting B. thrilling C. embarrassing D. amusing 25. A. buy B. reject C. check D. substitute 26. A. prove B. determine C. explain D. acknowledge 27. A. if B. but C. because D. although 28. A. stages B. wonders C. meanings D. rewards 29. A. relief B. frustration C. anger D. hesitation 30. A. valueless B. expensive C. characterless D. shiny 31. A. make up B. put away C. turn down D. take over 32. A. easier B. better C. shorter D. longer 33. A. print B. revise C. download D. submit 34. A. accept B. criticize C. judge D. evaluate 35. A. thinner B. newer C. older D. fatter 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 As everyone knows, it is Jingdezhen in Jiangxi province where the local porcelain (瓷器) is highly desirable that is the center of world porcelain. Last year, my school held a two-day research activity, ____36____ (guide) by the slogan, “Exploring ceramic (陶瓷的) culture, traveling through ancient and modern times”. The aim was to build students’ ____37____(aware) of traditional culture. On our way to Jingdezhen, our guide introduced ____38____ (we) to the basics of porcelain production. Our first stop was the Museum of Chinese Ceramics, which has ____39____ unique and exquisite collection of porcelain made from materials such as clay (陶土) and stone. The guide told us the great achievements in ceramics from ancient times until today. I listened carefully to everything. ____40____ (date) back to Neolithic (新石器时代) period, clay was used to make pottery (陶器), ____41____ was used to carry water and food. Today, we still use porcelain but our pottery is really far more beautiful than the products of those times. ____42____ the second day, the team leader took us to a small DIY porcelain factory. Under the guidance of the teacher, we ____43____ (give) some clay and the chance to design a piece of pottery. Although our efforts were not as beautiful as the articles in the museum, they were our own work. The two-day activity was enjoyable and ____44____(meaning). I learned a lot about porcelain and ____45____ (make) an item on my own. It meant a lot to me. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，得知你校招聘新闻广播员（newsreader），你有意应聘，请按下面要点给学校负责人陆老师写一封申请信。内容包括： 1. 表示感兴趣； 2. 说明优势：普通话，知识面，合作精神，相关经历； 3. 希望得到回复。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ms. Lu, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 During my schooldays whenever I was asked to write an essay (文章) about brave people and their brave deeds, I always focused on heroes in news reports risking their lives to save others. But from that day on, I could write how my mom, in her determined way, saved our elderly neighbor. The event that stands out in my memory happened one morning when I was only 10 years old. I was doing my homework when I heard raised voices. At first I thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below our flat often became loud, but I soon realized this time it was different. “Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop, ” someone yelled. Then a thick burning smell filled the air. When I opened the front door of our flat to have a look outside, a thick cloud of smoke, billowing (涌出) up from the ground floor, greeted me. It hit me that the motorcycle shop had caught fire. My mom, who had been working in the kitchen, hurried to the living room. We rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke. We were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Mom stopped and thought for a while. She turned around and headed back the way we came. Puzzled but having no idea what she was doing, I followed her. It became clear soon that Mom had remembered the lady in her 70s living next door to us whom we called Jane. Mom began banging on the door, but got no answer. As the smoke thickened around us, I could see many of our neighbors — some still in their pyjamas (睡衣) — running for safety. The thought of fear crossed my mind. “She must have already run for safety like everyone else! Let’s rush downstairs!” I begged. But Mom refused to give up. “I know Jane’s still inside.” She said she was familiar with Jane’s daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: I noticed the flame was reaching up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1~5 BCBAC 6~10 AACCB 11~15 AABCB 16~20CACBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025 学年度高二上学期六校期末联合考试卷 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分四部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；主观题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 3. 本试卷命题范围：选择性必修第一册~选择性必修第二册。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman advise the man to go to the carnival? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 2. What is hard for the man to get used to in China? A. The weather. B. The food. C. The language. 3. What is the man’s attitude toward the rise of fuel cost? A. Worried. B. Positive. C. Ambiguous. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and clerk. B. Mother and son. C. Wife and husband. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Hobbies. B. Music theories. C. Community classes. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What time is it now? A. 7:00 pm. B. 7:30 pm. C. 8:00 pm. 7. What will the woman probably do next? A. Make a call. B. Park the car. C. Order food. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the woman make the call? A. To make an apology. B. To make a suggestion. C. To make changes to a reservation. 9. Which date will the woman probably choose? A. June 6th. B. June 7th. C. June 8th. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10 Who is the woman probably? A. A saleswoman. B. A house agent. C. A secretary. 11. What does the man think of the kitchen? A. It’s small. B. It’s empty. C. It’s new. 12. What will the woman check next? A. Whether the furniture can be provided. B. Whether the appliances can be fixed. C. Whether the rent can be lowered. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. When did the man graduate? A. A week ago. B. A month ago. C. Two months ago. 14. What can we learn about the man? A. He contacted the woman a lot. B. He got formal interview training. C. He had a chance to have an interview. 15. What does the woman say about the man’s situation? A. It’s tough. B. It’s optimistic. C. It’s unpredictable. 16. What does the woman suggest the man do in the end? A. Check the employment ads in the newspaper. B. Do a part-time job to get work experience. C. Send his resume to recruiting agencies. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What was the speaker ten years ago? A. A librarian. B. An editor. C. A teacher. 18. What would the speaker do if Tim finished his task on time? A. She would treat him a dinner. B. She would play games with him. C. She would give him some chocolate. 19. How did the speaker feel when she got the call from Tim’s mother? A. Disappointed. B. Unhappy. C. Curious. 20. What did Tim expect the speaker to do? A. Help him choose a gift. B. Teach him for a longer time. C. Keep in contact with him. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A East Africa is one of the best places to enjoy incredible hikes. Here are the top four adventure destinations selected by Traghetti website this year. Mount Kenya At 5,199 meters above sea level, Mount Kenya is an ancient extinct volcano. Mount Kenya has three peaks — Batian, Nelion and Lenana, among which only Lenana can be reached by average trekkers (徒步者) and the other two only for technical climbers. Mount Meru As Tanzania’s second highest mountain, Mount Meru is often used by mountaineers for an adaptation training before trying to conquer Kilimanjaro. Climbing Mount Meru passes through many different vegetation (植被) zones. The dry forest of the lower region gives way to a dense mountain rainforest, which then turns into bush. The trail also passes through the habitats of a number of wild animals including buffaloes, baboons and giraffes. Mount Kilimanjaro Mount Kilimanjaro reaches 5,895 meters above sea level. It can be climbed at any time of the year but there is usually a lot more rain during April, May and November. At the lower levels, you will pass through cultivated farmlands rising through tropical rainforest onto alpine meadows and finally the barren landscape leading to the snow and ice capped summit. The lower levels also offer the chance to view a wide variety of animals, birds and fauna in their natural habitat. Usambara Mountain Range For hikers who do not want to undergo the difficulties of climbing challenging peaks like Kilimanjaro. Tanzania’s Usambara Mountain Range offers a great alternative. Unlike the hikes that require permits and the company of park rangers, it is casual, and easily accessible. At 2,440 meters, Usambara Mountain is home to over 3,000 plant species and over 600 tree species. 1. What do we know about Mount Kenya? A. It is an active volcano. B. It is the highest mountain in Africa. C. An average hiker can also challenge to climb it. D. Its three peaks can only be accessible to experienced trekkers. 2. Which mountain is what the climbers most want to conquer? A. Mount Meru. B. Mount Kenya. C. Usambara Mountain Range. D. Mount Kilimanjaro. 3. What’s special about Usambara Mountain Range? A. It hard to get the permission of the park. B. It doesn’t need park rangers to accompany the climbers. C. It’s home to a variety of animal species. D. It can be visited at any time of the year. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四座非洲的名山以及各自的特色。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mount Kenya下的“At 5,199 meters above sea level, Mount Kenya is an ancient extinct volcano. Mount Kenya has three peaks — Batian, Nelion and Lenana, among which only Lenana can be reached by average trekkers (徒步者) and the other two only for technical climbers.(海拔5199米的肯尼亚山是一座古老的死火山。肯尼亚山有三座山峰——Batian、 Nelion和Lenana，其中只有Lenana峰可以被普通徒步旅行者到达，其他两座只有技术登山者才能到达)”可知，普通徒步者可以选择挑战Lenana峰。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mount Meru下的“As Tanzania’s second highest mountain, Mount Meru is often used by mountaineers for an adaptation training before trying to conquer Kilimanjaro.(作为坦桑尼亚的第二高峰，梅鲁山经常被登山者用来进行适应训练，然后再试图征服乞力马扎罗山)”再根据其他山的高度介绍和攀登的介绍，可知乞力马扎罗山这座非洲最高的山是登山者最想挑战的。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Unlike the hikes that require permits and the company of park rangers, it is casual, and easily accessible. At 2,440 meters, Usambara Mountain is home to over 3,000 plant species and over 600 tree species.(与需要许可证和公园护林员陪伴的徒步旅行不同，它很随意，很容易到达。乌桑巴拉山海拔2440米，是3000多种植物和600多种树木的家园)”可知，这个地方可以不需要管理员陪同。故选B。 B When Meng Jintao was a child, power outages in his rural hometown sparked his curiosity: Why can’t we store electricity during regular times and use it when the power goes out? Now 29, Meng has turned this childhood curiosity into reality with his advanced iron-based flow energy storage system. Distinguished by its massive storage capacity, high safety standards, and long- term endurance, this technology represents a major advancement in energy storage. In 2013, Meng began his studies at Hefei University of Technology in Anhui, East China, majoring in new energy materials and devices. During his university years, he traveled to Qinghai and Gansu provinces in Northwest China for research, where he observed the initial successes of wind and solar power projects. However, he learned from power station staff that much of the energy generated by wind turbines was unstable and could not be effectively used. It was during this period that Meng recognized the urgent need for advanced storage solutions to stabilize energy supply and release it steadily to the grid, thereby increasing efficiency. This realization led him to develop the iron-based flow energy storage system. “This system functions like a large power bank for cities,” he explained. According to Meng, while lithium(锂)batteries are well-established, there is a growing need for a more affordable and safer storage solution. He chose iron for its cost-efficiency and the abundant availability of iron resources in China. Iron-based flow energy storage systems are also more economical and use water as a solution, making them fire-resistant and safer. In 2020, while pursuing his master’s degree at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Meng achieved a significant milestone by successfully testing the first iron-based flow battery in his lab. “Seeing the battery model start its charging and discharging cycles was a moment of endless pride,” he said, “with China announcing its double carbon goals, I wanted to transform my research into a tangible product that could both benefit the country and make a difference.” Through continuous adjustments, accurate research, and determined experimentation, Meng and his team completed their first kilowatt-level energy storage system in 2021, suitable for everyday use. “I want to keep improving the technology to make energy storage safer and more cost-effective, both in China and worldwide,” he said. 4. What can we know about Meng Jingtao? A. Meng Jintao witnessed the success of traditional energy projects. B. Meng Jintao has solved the problem of power cuts in rural areas. C. Meng Jintao has successfully find new solutions for energy storage. D. Meng Jintao has still searched the material to turn his curiosity into reality. 5. What characteristic of iron led Meng Jintao to choose it? A. Its work efficiency. B. Its economic advantage. C. Its unlimited supply. D. Its environmental friendliness. 6. Which of the following words can best describe Meng Jintao? A. Special and patient. B. Hard-working and outgoing. C. Honest and kind. D. Capable and determined. 7. What is the most suitable title for this passage? A. From Curiosity to Creation: Meng Jintao’s Journey in Energy Storage B. Meng Jintao: Leading Figure in Power Generation Technology C. Lithium vs. Iron: The Ongoing Battle for Better Energy Storage Solution D. The Future of Renewable Energy: Strengths and Weaknesses 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了孟锦涛从小对停电现象产生好奇，长大后成功研发出铁基液流储能系统，为能源存储提供了新的解决方案，并致力于将该技术应用于实际，造福国家和世界的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Now 29, Meng has turned this childhood curiosity into reality with his advanced iron-based flow energy storage system.  Distinguished by its massive storage capacity, high safety standards, and long- term endurance, this technology represents a major advancement in energy storage.(现在29岁的孟锦涛已经将他儿时的好奇心变成了现实，他研发出了先进的铁基液流储能系统。该技术以其巨大的存储容量，高安全标准和长期耐用性而闻名，代表了能源存储的重大进步。)”可知，孟锦涛已经成功找到了新的储能解决方案。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“He chose iron for its cost-efficiency and the abundant availability of iron resources in China. Iron-based flow energy storage systems are also more economical and use water as a solution, making them fire-resistant and safer.( 他之所以选择铁，是因为它的成本效益和中国丰富的铁资源。基于铁的流动储能系统也更经济，并且使用水作为解决方案，使其防火且更安全。）可知，孟锦涛选择铁是因为其经济优势。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章整体内容，特别是第五段“In 2020, while pursuing his master’s degree at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Meng achieved a significant milestone by successfully testing the first iron-based flow battery in his lab. (2020年，在华中科技大学攻读硕士学位期间，孟锦涛在实验室成功测试了第一个铁基液流电池，取得了重大突破。)”和第六段“Through continuous adjustments, accurate research, and determined experimentation, Meng and his team completed their first kilowatt-level energy storage system in 2021, suitable for everyday use.(经过不断的调整、准确的研究和坚定的实验，孟和他的团队在2021年完成了他们的第一个千瓦级储能系统，适合日常使用。）可知，孟锦涛通过大学所学知识，通过不懈努力把儿时的好奇心和梦想实现，成功开发了铁激流储能系统。可以推断出他是一个有能力有决心的人。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“When Meng Jintao was a child, power outages in his rural hometown sparked his curiosity: Why can’t we store electricity during regular times and use it when the power goes out?(当孟锦涛还是个孩子的时候，他家乡农村的停电引发了他的好奇心：为什么我们不能在平时储存电力，在停电时使用呢？)”和文章讲述的孟锦涛从小对停电现象产生好奇，长大后成功研发出铁基液流储能系统，为能源存储提供了新的解决方案，并致力于将该技术应用于实际，造福国家和世界的故事，可知A项“From Curiosity to Creation: Meng Jintao’s Journey in Energy Storage(从好奇到创造：孟锦涛的储能之旅)”最能概括文章主旨。故选A项。 C “Big Tree” an old southern live oak, sits in a park just outside Orlando’s business district. It’s been struck by lightning at least three times and has survived many hurricanes — and it grew from a seed around the same time Juan Ponce de León’s ship first landed on Florida’s eastern coast. Over 400 years old, the tree is so impressive that members of a Michigan-based nonprofit flew to Orlando in February to climb the tree and cut branches and leaves. The researchers are now in the midst of the process to grow new roots from the cuttings. The reason: To clone the historic tree, store its DNA and plant potentially thousands of cloned trees across the Southeast. In order to clone an ancient tree, researchers must climb it to find a piece of live tissue. The freshly cut branches and leaves are taken to the group’s lab in Michigan, where, in climate-controlled rooms, researchers work to promote growth from the cuttings. The most common method is by rooted cuttings. In this method, a tip of a tree’s branch is dipped (蘸) into hormones, placed into a foam plug (泡沫塞) and set inside a mist room. Then, the waiting begins. A sign of life can take several months to a year to show, if one comes at all. In another method called tissue culture, researchers take a quarter-inch of branch, dip it into a mixture made up of a dozen hormones and other chemicals, seal (密封) it in a container and wait to see whether it will grow roots. Experts lauded the group for its creative methods and reproduction in large numbers, but they doubt whether the clones will grow as the originals do. Scott Merkle, a professor of forest biology at the University of Georgia, said, “There are so many variables that there’s no certainty that they will be able to survive and perform better than other trees that you plant on the same land”. He added that the age of historic trees makes them difficult to study. “I think it’s a great thing that they’ re doing. I just don’t know how realistic it is.” 8. According to the passage, what do the researchers aim to do? A. To study the reason for the survival of “Big Tree”. B. To save thousands of trees across the Southeast. C. To analyse the effects of climate on tree growth. D. To clone an ancient tree from its original. 9. What do we know about the two methods mentioned in paragraph 4? A. Tissue culture is the most frequently used method. B There is a chance that the branch will fail to grow roots. C. In the first method the live tissue is sealed in a container. D. A mixture of hormones and other chemicals is needed in both methods. 10. What does the underlined word “lauded” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Praised. B. Met. C. Joined. D. Contacted. 11. What’s Scott Merkle’s attitude to the group’s work? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Cautious. D. Unclear. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了研究人员正尝试克隆一棵有400多年历史的南方生命橡树“大树”的过程、方法及专家对此的看法。他们采集了这棵树的枝条和叶子，试图培育出新的根系以克隆这棵树，并大量繁殖，但专家对克隆树能否像原树一样生长持怀疑态度。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The researchers are now in the midst of the process to grow new roots from the cuttings. The reason: To clone the historic tree, store its DNA and plant potentially thousands of cloned trees across the Southeast.(研究人员目前正在从插枝上培育新根。原因是：为了克隆这棵历史悠久的树，储存它的DNA，并在东南部种植数千棵克隆树)”可知，研究人员的目的是从原树中克隆一棵古树。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The most common method is by rooted cuttings. In this method, a tip of a tree’s branch is dipped (蘸) into hormones, placed into a foam plug (泡沫塞) and set inside a mist room. Then, the waiting begins. A sign of life can take several months to a year to show, if one comes at all. (最常用的方法是插枝。在这种方法中，将树枝的尖端浸入激素中，放入泡沫塞中，并置于雾室中。然后，等待开始了。生命的迹象可能需要几个月到一年的时间才能显现出来，如果有的话。)”以及“ In another method called tissue culture, researchers take a quarter-inch of branch, dip it into a mixture made up of a dozen hormones and other chemicals, seal(密封) it in a container and wait to see whether it will grow roots.(在另一种被称为组织培养的方法中，研究人员取出四分之一英寸的树枝，将其浸入由十几种激素和其他化学物质组成的混合物中，将其密封在容器中，等待它是否会长出根。)”可知，第一种方法中生命的迹象可能需要几个月到一年的时间才能显现出来；第二种方法中，研究人员需要等待它是否会长出根，即表示研究人员不确定其是否会长出根。由此推断，这两种方法中，树枝有可能无法生长出根，存在无法成功克隆的可能性。故选B。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“Experts… the group for its creative methods and reproduction in large numbers, but they doubt whether the clones will grow as the originals do. (专家们对该组织的创新方法和大量繁殖表示……，但他们怀疑克隆体是否会像原代植物那样生长。)”中的 but可知，前后是转折关系，虽然专家们对克隆体是否会像原代植物那样生长表示怀疑，但是他们对该组织的创新方法和大量繁殖表示称赞，划线单词表示“称赞”，与A项“Praised.(赞美)”意思相近。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Scott Merkle 所说的话“ “There are so many variables that there’s no certainty that they will be able to survive and perform better than other trees that you plant on the same land”(“有太多的变量，无法确定它们是否能够存活下来，并且比你在同一块土地上种植的其他树木表现得更好。”)”以及“He added that the age of historic trees makes them difficult to study. “I think it’s a great thing that they’re doing. I just don’t know how realistic it is.”(他补充说，古树的年龄使得研究它们变得困难。“我认为他们正在做的事情很棒。我只是不知道这有多现实。”)”可知，ScottMerkle对这一团队的工作表示赞美，同时他也表示了自己的担忧即因为有太多的变量，所以不确定该研究的结果，由此可推知，他的态度是谨慎的。故选C。 D Shortly after ChatGPT was released, in early 2023, a writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI, because it could write content for free. But he is also wanted — at a small amount of his normal rate — to “rewrite” the AI-generated text. This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs, and the real problem is not AI. The problem is a culture that devalues human labor. With the release of new AI applications discussions about the future of work are back in full force. A recent study looked at professions in the United States, from poets to financial managers, predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI. But our precious experience with suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work. In 2019, an independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores. Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor, researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work. For example, automated checkout machines kept employees busy, because now they were assisting confused customers, troubleshooting machines, and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store. Most importantly, Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks, which helped accommodate and employ the ‘automated’ technology, were often undervalued or even invisible. The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us. It’s a cultural problem. As jobs get disrupted (扰乱) and people’s livelihoods are threatened, it’s easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason, whether you’re an expert or an employer. But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated. It’s a big thing to change, but it’s not set in stone. And that’s the real ‘robots and jobs’ conversation we need to be having. 12. Why did a writer named Jason Colavito post on social media about AI? A. To share his life. B. To finish tasks. C. To support the AI. D. To complain about AI. 13. What can be inferred from Mateescu and Elish’s findings? A. Humans are still needed to deal with AI-generated problems. B. Humans cannot understand the real value of their own jobs. C New advanced devices are being integrated in various jobs. D. Automated technology is taking away almost all jobs. 14. Why do people devalue labor? A. Living pressure. B. Technological advances. C. Cultural factors. D. Unemployment issues. 15. In which part of a newspaper may you read this passage? A. Travel. B. Technology. C. Health. D. Medicine. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了新技术，特别是人工智能，对工作的影响。虽然有些人担心AI会取代人类的工作，但研究表明情况要复杂得多。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Shortly after ChatGPT was released, in early 2023, a writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI, because it could write content for free. But he is also wanted — at a small amount of his normal rate — to “rewrite” the AI-generated text. This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs, and the real problem is not AI. The problem is a culture that devalues human labor. (2023年初，ChatGPT 发布后不久，一位名叫Jason Colavito的作家在社交媒体上发帖说，一台电脑正在用人工智能取代他，因为它可以免费编写内容。但他也被要求比他正常工资少很多——去“重写”人工智能生成的文本。这并不是科技第一次削减工资而不是削减工作岗位，真正的问题也不是人工智能。问题在于一种贬低人类劳动的文化)”可知，Jason Colavito因为工资降低而对AI不满，他发帖在社交媒体上是抱怨。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor, researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work. For example, automated checkout machines kept employees busy, because now they were assisting confused customers, troubleshooting machines, and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.(与普遍认为技术正在减少对人力劳动需求的观点相反，研究人员亚历山德拉·马泰斯库和玛德琳·克莱尔·埃利什发现，引入新设备主要是在改变工作的性质。例如，自动结帐机让员工很忙，因为现在他们要帮助困惑的顾客，排除机器故障，并承担其他任务，以确保他们在商店顺利运作)”可知，自动结帐机作为AI的代表，反而让员工很忙，因为现在员工们不仅要帮助困惑的顾客，还要排除机器故障，并承担其他任务，以确保他们在商店顺利运作；由此推断Mateescu和Elish发现人类仍然需要处理人工智能产生的问题。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us. It’s a cultural problem.(需要理解的关键点是，目前技能下降和劳动贬低并不是因为机器人来了。这是一个文化问题)”可知，目前技能下降和劳动贬低并不是因为机器人来了，这是一个文化问题，即人们贬低劳动是因为文化因素。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“With the release of new AI applications discussions about the future of work are back in full force. A recent study looked at professions in the United States, from poets to financial managers, predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI. But our precious experience with suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work.( 随着新的人工智能应用程序的发布，关于未来工作的讨论再次全面展开。最近的一项研究着眼于美国的职业，从诗人到财务经理，预测19%的人很快就会把50%的任务让给人工智能。但我们宝贵的经验表明，这比技术简单地取代人类工作要复杂得多)”以及通读全文，本文主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响，人工智能并不是来夺走我们的工作的，而是改变了工作的性质。人工智能属于高科技，由此推断文章出自报纸的科技部分。故选B。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tidying your desk, watering your plants or folding laundry — these household chores are hardly the height of pleasure. But we often find ourselves seeking pleasure and comfort in small repetitive tasks. Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms (机制) that might explain the perfect pleasure of puttering (慢条斯理地做). ___16___ Pleasant distractions On the surface level, puttering may be useful because it occupies the mind, so that we give fewer resources to the things that are worrying us. ___17___ People completing these small tasks often report a significantly better mood. This included reduced nervousness and even a sense of “inspiration”, as if the immersion in the simple activity had refreshed their minds. ___18___ Unlike other distracting activities — such as playing computer games or watching trashy TV— puttering also has the advantage of being positive and useful, increasing our “perceived control”. When we feel anxious, a sense of helplessness can heighten the physiological stress response, increasing levels of hormones. ___19___ But research suggests we can gain a perception of control from activities that may have little effect on the situation that’s bothering us. Tidy room, focused mind ___20___. If your puttering takes the form of organizing and decluttering (清理), you may find that the tidier environment is itself a form of comfort. To summarize, if we see order outside, it helps us to feel a bit less chaotic inside. It is comforting because it makes life easier to manage and more predictable. A. Being careful B. A feeling of control C. The benefits do not end there. D. We will feel great anxiety in our mind. E. They may well encourage you to engage in it more often. F. Ideally, we would deal directly with the upsetting situation itself. G. For instance, we may find household tasks can help us focus on the present moment. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们常常在日常琐事如整理桌子、浇花或叠衣服中寻找乐趣和舒适感现象，并探讨了心理学家对此的解释：慢条斯理地做事能带来多种潜在好处。 【16题详解】 上文“Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms (机制) that might explain the perfect pleasure of puttering (慢条斯理地做).(心理学家认为，有许多潜在的机制可以解释慢条斯理做事带来的完美快乐。)”提到心理学家认为有许多机制可以解释人们喜欢慢条斯理做事的现象；E选项“They may well encourage you to engage in it more often.(它们可能会鼓励你更频繁地参与这样的活动。)”中的“They”指代前文提到的机制，指出这些机制可能会鼓励人们更频繁地参与慢条斯理做事这样的活动，引出下文对这些机制的具体描述。故选E。 【17题详解】 上文“On the surface level, puttering may be useful because it occupies the mind, so that we give fewer resources to the things that are worrying us.(从表面上看，慢条斯理做事可能是有益的，因为它占据了我们的思想，从而让我们更少地把精力放在令人担忧的事情上。)”说明慢条斯理做事可以占据我们的思想，让我们更少地担忧；G选项“For instance, we may find household tasks can help us focus on the present moment.(例如，我们可能会发现家务活可以帮助我们专注于当下。)”举例说明家务活这样的慢条斯理的活动如何帮助我们专注于当下，从而让我们更少地把精力放在令人担忧的事情上，与上文形成衔接。故选G。 【18题详解】 后文“Unlike other distracting activities— such as playing computer games or watching trashy TV— puttering also has the advantage of being positive and useful, increasing our “perceived control”.( 不像其他让人分心的活动——比如玩电脑游戏或看垃圾电视——拖延也有积极和有用的好处，增加了我们的“感知控制”。)”以及“But research suggests we can gain a perception of control from activities that may have little effect on the situation that’s bothering us.(但研究表明，我们可以从对困扰我们的情况影响不大的活动中获得控制感)”说明与其他分散注意力的活动相比，慢条斯理地做事还具有积极和有用的优势，可以增加我们的“感知控制”。所以B选项“A feeling of control(控制的感觉)”适合作本段的主旨句。故选B。 【19题详解】 上文“When we feel anxious, a sense of helplessness can heighten the physiological stress response, increasing levels of hormones.(当我们感到焦虑时，无助感会加剧生理应激反应，增加激素水平。)”说明无助感会加剧应激反应；F选项“Ideally, we would deal directly with the upsetting situation itself.(理想情况下，我们会直接处理令人不安的情况本身。)”提出理想情况是直接处理令人不安的情况，同时根据下文“But research suggests we can gain a perception of control from activities that may have little effect on the situation that’s bothering us.(但研究表明，我们可以从那些对困扰我们的情况几乎没有影响的活动中获得一种控制感。)”与上文形成转折，指出理想做法与现实中无助感加剧应激反应的不同，理想的做法是直接处理令人不安的情况，但是实际做法却是我们可以从那些可能对我们正困扰的处境影响甚微的活动中获得一种控制感，该选项符合语境。故选F。 【20题详解】 标题“Tidy room, focused mind(整洁的房间，专注的思维)”以及下文“If your puttering takes the form of organizing and decluttering (清理), you may find that the tidier environment is itself a form of comfort. (如果你的慢条斯理表现为整理和去杂乱，你可能会发现，整洁的环境本身就是一种安慰)”说明整洁的环境能让人专注，而且如果你的慢条斯理表现为整理和去杂乱，整洁的环境本身就是一种安慰。所以空处承上启下，既总结了标题提到的好处，也引出下文中其它的好处。所以C项“The benefits do not end there.(好处不仅仅于此)”符合语境。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a writer, I miss rejection slips (退稿通知). Not that I enjoyed receiving those pre-printed slips of paper, but at least when I got one, I was pretty sure that a flesh-and-blood ____21____ had put it in the envelope. And there was always the chance I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom, ____22____ the piece almost made it. When an editor at Me Call’s wrote, “I’m afraid I have to say no on this ____23____ piece, but try me again on another, would you?”, it was almost as ____24____ to me as if she had said, “We’ll ____25____ it and here is an advance for you.”. Nowadays, rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions. Most editors don’t feel it a must to ____26____ they have received, read, or considered your work ____27____ they receive so many contributions (投稿) each day. For me, there are three ____28____ of rejection slip pain. The first is ____29____ brought on by finding a flat “no” on a ____30____ piece of paper, then followed by anger (how could they ____31____ a piece that is obviously so much ____32____ than most of the stuff they print), and, finally, rebirth: I will live to ____33____a new piece another day. Learning to ____34____ rejection seems like part of growing up as a writer. Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received, my folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips” is far ____35____ than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”, which indicates to me the fact: I still have some growing up to do. 21. A. teacher B. reader C. editor D. mailman 22. A. demanding B. suspecting C. arguing D. indicating 23. A. boring B. novel C. lengthy D. particular 24. A. upsetting B. thrilling C. embarrassing D. amusing 25. A. buy B. reject C. check D. substitute 26. A. prove B. determine C. explain D. acknowledge 27. A. if B. but C. because D. although 28. A. stages B. wonders C. meanings D. rewards 29. A. relief B. frustration C. anger D. hesitation 30. A. valueless B. expensive C. characterless D. shiny 31. A. make up B. put away C. turn down D. take over 32. A. easier B. better C. shorter D. longer 33. A. print B. revise C. download D. submit 34. A. accept B. criticize C. judge D. evaluate 35. A. thinner B. newer C. older D. fatter 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了作者作为一名作家，对退稿信的怀念，以及对于自己投稿被拒的一些感悟。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：并不是说我喜欢收到那些预先打印好的纸条，但至少当我收到一张纸条时，我很确定是一个有血有肉的编辑放在信封里的。A. teacher老师；B. reader读者；C. editor编辑；D. mailman邮递员。根据下文“When an editor at Me Call’s wrote,(当Me Call’s的一位编辑写道，)”和常识可知，退稿信应该是由编辑写后放入信封的。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是有可能在底部看到一个手写的句子，表明这篇文章几乎成功了。A. demanding要求；B. suspecting怀疑；C. arguing争论；D. indicating表明。根据下文“When an editor at Me Call’s wrote, “I’m afraid I have to say no on this ____ piece, but try me again on another, would you?”, it was almost as ____ to me as if she had said, “We’ll ____ it and here is an advance for you.”.(当Me Call的一位编辑写道：“恐怕我不得不拒绝这篇特殊的文章，但请再试一试另一篇，好吗？”时，这几乎让我感到激动，就好像她在说：“我们将要买它，这是给你的预付款。”)”可知，作者认为收到的纸条下面很可能看到一个手写的句子，表明这篇文章几乎是成功了。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Me Call的一位编辑写道：“恐怕我不得不拒绝这篇特殊的文章，但请再试一试另一篇，好吗？”A. boring无聊的；B. novel新颖的；C. lengthy冗长的；D. particular特殊的。根据下文“but try me again on another, would you?”可知，这是对于拒绝投稿的委婉的说法，赞扬文章很特别，但是不得不拒绝。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这几乎让我感到激动，就好像她在说：“我们将要买它，这是给你的预付款。”A. upsetting令人苦恼的；B. thrilling令人激动的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. amusing引人发笑的。根据下文“We’ll ____ it and here is an advance for you.”可知，因为就像是作者听到自己的文章将要被购买，并提前收到了预付款时，感到非常激动。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这几乎让我感到激动，就好像她在说：“我们将要买它，这是给你的预付款。”A. buy买；B. reject拒绝接受；C. check检查，查看；D. substitute代替。根据句中“here is an advance for you”可知，编辑支付了预付款，表明他们会购买这篇文章。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数编辑并不觉得必须承认他们已经收到、阅读或考虑过你的作品，因为他们每天都会收到如此多的投稿。A. prove证明；B. determine决定；C. explain解释；D. acknowledge承认。根据上文“Nowadays, rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.(如今，随着网上投稿的使用，退稿信似乎已经消失了。)”可知，现在都采用线上投稿的模式，编辑们每天都会收到很多投稿，对于未被选中的作品不需要再发退稿信，所以他们不觉得必须承认他们收到、阅读或考虑过投稿者的作品。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：大多数编辑并不觉得必须承认他们已经收到、阅读或考虑过你的作品，因为他们每天都会收到如此多的投稿。A. if如果；B. but但是；C. because因为；D. although虽然。根据上文“Nowadays, rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.(如今，随着网上投稿的使用，退稿信似乎已经消失了。)”可知，现在都采用线上投稿的模式，编辑们不再发送退稿信，而他们每天都会收到很多投稿，所以他们不觉得必须承认他们收到、阅读或考虑过投稿者的作品，故空处前后为因果关系。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，被通知退稿的痛苦有三个阶段。A. stages阶段；B. wonders奇迹；C. meanings意义；D. rewards奖励。根据下文“The first is ____ ...then followed by anger...and finally, rebirth(首先是挫败感，然后是愤怒，最后是重生)”可知，这里是指该段描述了对作者而言，被拒绝的痛苦的三个阶段。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先是在一张毫无特色的纸上发现一个单调的“不”字所带来的挫败感，然后是愤怒（他们怎么能拒绝一份明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多的作品），最后是重生：我将在另一天提交一份新作品。A. relief宽慰；B. frustration受挫；C. anger生气；D. hesitation犹豫。根据句中“ by finding a flat “no” on a ____ piece of paper,”可知，退稿信的“不”字，表明作者的稿件未被采纳，所以作者一直以来的期待落空，一开始应该是感到很沮丧，有挫败感。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先是在一张毫无特色的纸上发现一个单调的“不”字所带来的挫败感，然后是愤怒（他们怎么能拒绝一份明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多的作品），最后是重生：我将在另一天提交一份新作品。A. valueless没有价值的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. characterless无个性的；D. shiny发光的。根据句中“a flat “no””和常识可知，退稿通知是一份通知作者稿件被拒绝的书面通知，上面只有一个单调的“不”字，一般所用的纸张应该也是非常普通，没有什么个性和特色的。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：首先是在一张毫无特色的纸上发现一个单调的“不”字所带来的挫败感，然后是愤怒（他们怎么能拒绝一份明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多的作品），最后是重生：我将在另一天提交一份新作品。A. make up组成，编造；B. put away把……收起来；C. turn down拒绝；D. take over接管。根据上文“For me, there are three ____ of rejection slip pain.(对我来说，被通知退稿的痛苦有三个阶段。)”和“by finding a flat “no””可知，作者是被退稿了，即所投的稿件被拒绝了，所以在感到沮丧之后，又因此而不满，产生了愤怒的情绪。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先是在一张毫无特色的纸上发现一个单调的“不”字所带来的挫败感，然后是愤怒（他们怎么能拒绝一份明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多的作品），最后是重生：我将在另一天提交一份新作品。A. easier更容易的；B. better更好的；C. shorter更短的；D. longer更长的。根据句中的“anger”可知，作者对于自己的稿件被拒感到愤怒，说明他认为自己的作品比他们出版的大多数作品都要好。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先是在一张毫无特色的纸上发现一个单调的“不”字所带来的挫败感，然后是愤怒（他们怎么能拒绝一份明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多的作品），最后是重生：我将在另一天提交一份新作品。A. print打印；B. revise修改；C. download下载；D. submit提交。根据上文“Nowadays, rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.(如今，由于网上投稿的使用，退稿信似乎已经消失了。)”和“rebirth”可知，作者在经历了挫败、愤怒之后，会重新振作，继续在网上提交稿件进行投稿。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学会接受拒绝似乎是作家成长的一部分。A. accept接受；B. criticize批评；C. judge评判；D. evaluate评估。根据上文“and, finally, rebirth: I will live to ____ a new piece another day.(最后是重生：我将在另一天提交一份新作品。)”和下文“Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received, my folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips” is far ____ than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”, which indicates to me the fact: I still have some growing up to do.(尽管我收到了很多稿件的录用通知书，但我的“值得注意的拒绝通知书”文件夹比“值得注意的录用通知书”文件夹要厚得多，这告诉我一个事实：我还有很长的路要走。)”可知，作者在稿件被退后，最终又重新振作，继续投稿，可见学会了接受拒绝，而两种文件夹的对比也说明了只有先学会接受拒绝，才可能在再次努力后迎来成功，这似乎是每个作家成长的一部分。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我收到了很多稿件的录用通知书，但我的“值得注意的拒绝通知书”文件夹比“值得注意的录用通知书”文件夹要厚得多，这告诉我一个事实：我还有很长的路要走。A. thinner更瘦的；B. newer更新的；C. older更老的；D. fatter更厚的。根据下文“which indicates to me the fact: I still have some growing up to do.”可知，作者还需要继续努力，可见他收到的退稿通知比录用通知要多，所以退稿通知的文件夹也要更厚。故选D。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 As everyone knows, it is Jingdezhen in Jiangxi province where the local porcelain (瓷器) is highly desirable that is the center of world porcelain. Last year, my school held a two-day research activity, ____36____ (guide) by the slogan, “Exploring ceramic (陶瓷的) culture, traveling through ancient and modern times”. The aim was to build students’ ____37____(aware) of traditional culture. On our way to Jingdezhen, our guide introduced ____38____ (we) to the basics of porcelain production. Our first stop was the Museum of Chinese Ceramics, which has ____39____ unique and exquisite collection of porcelain made from materials such as clay (陶土) and stone. The guide told us the great achievements in ceramics from ancient times until today. I listened carefully to everything. ____40____ (date) back to Neolithic (新石器时代) period, clay was used to make pottery (陶器), ____41____ was used to carry water and food. Today, we still use porcelain but our pottery is really far more beautiful than the products of those times. ____42____ the second day, the team leader took us to a small DIY porcelain factory. Under the guidance of the teacher, we ____43____ (give) some clay and the chance to design a piece of pottery. Although our efforts were not as beautiful as the articles in the museum, they were our own work. The two-day activity was enjoyable and ____44____(meaning). I learned a lot about porcelain and ____45____ (make) an item on my own. It meant a lot to me. 【答案】36. guided 37. awareness 38. us 39. a 40. Dating 41. which 42. On 43. were given 44. meaningful 45. made 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加的一个关于瓷器的活动。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，我们学校举办了为期两天的调研活动，活动的口号是“探索陶瓷文化，穿越古今”。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，guide与逻辑主语research activity之间是被动关系，所以空处应用动词的过去分词形式guided作状语。故填guided。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：目的是培养学生的传统文化意识。空处用于名词所有格students’之后，应用名词awareness，表示“意识”，作动词build的宾语，符合题意。故填awareness。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：在去景德镇的路上，导游向我们介绍了瓷器生产的基本知识。空处作动词introduced的宾语，应用代词的宾格形式us，表示“我们”。故填us。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我们的第一站是中国陶瓷博物馆，这里收藏了由粘土和石头等材料制成的独特而精美的瓷器。结合语意可知，此处表示“一种独特而精美的收藏”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，unique是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：追溯到新石器时代，粘土被用来制作陶器，用来运送水和食物。分析句子可知，空处作非谓语动词，date back to表示“追溯回”，与逻辑主语clay之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，dating置于句首，首字母大写。故填Dating。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：追溯到新石器时代，粘土被用来制作陶器，用来运送水和食物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词pottery，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：第二天，领队带我们去了一家小型DIY瓷厂。表示在具体的某一天，应用介词on，置于句首，首字母大写。故填On。 【43题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在老师的指导下，我们得到了一些粘土，并有机会设计一件陶器。根据上下文时态可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，give与主语we之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语we 复数，be动词应用were。故填were given。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：为期两天的活动令人愉快而又充满意义。空处与enjoyable并列，应用形容词meaningful，表示“有意义的”，作句子表语。故填meaningful。 【45题详解】 考查时态。句意：我学到了很多关于瓷器的知识，并自己制作了一件瓷器。根据句中learned可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词应用过去式形式made，与learned作并列谓语。故填made。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，得知你校招聘新闻广播员（newsreader），你有意应聘，请按下面要点给学校负责人陆老师写一封申请信。内容包括： 1. 表示感兴趣； 2. 说明优势：普通话，知识面，合作精神，相关经历； 3. 希望得到回复。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ms. Lu, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Ms. Lu, I’m Li Hua, a student from No.1 Middle school. I am writing to apply for a position as a student newsreader. Eager to improve my organizing ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking standard Chinese in public, I want to take advantage of this precious opportunity. As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates. Besides, I have such a good command of Mandarin that I have been elected as assistant to my Chinese teacher. Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several Chinese activities, which have been appreciated by both teachers and classmates. I feel sure that I can live up to your expectations. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生按所给要点给学校负责人陆老师写一封申请信，申请学校新闻广播员。 【详解】 词汇积累 提高：improve→increase 机会：opportunity→chance 另外：besides→in addition 选择：elect→choose 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Eager to improve my organizing ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking standard Chinese in public, I want to take advantage of this precious opportunity. 拓展句：Because I am eager to improve my organizing ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking standard Chinese in public, I want to take advantage of this precious opportunity. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Besides, I have such a good command of Mandarin that I have been elected as assistant to my Chinese teacher.(that引导的结果状语从句) [高分句型2]Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several Chinese activities, which have been appreciated by both teachers and classmates.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 During my schooldays whenever I was asked to write an essay (文章) about brave people and their brave deeds, I always focused on heroes in news reports risking their lives to save others. But from that day on, I could write how my mom, in her determined way, saved our elderly neighbor. The event that stands out in my memory happened one morning when I was only 10 years old. I was doing my homework when I heard raised voices. At first I thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below our flat often became loud, but I soon realized this time it was different. “Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop, ” someone yelled. Then a thick burning smell filled the air. When I opened the front door of our flat to have a look outside, a thick cloud of smoke, billowing (涌出) up from the ground floor, greeted me. It hit me that the motorcycle shop had caught fire. My mom, who had been working in the kitchen, hurried to the living room. We rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke. We were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Mom stopped and thought for a while. She turned around and headed back the way we came. Puzzled but having no idea what she was doing, I followed her. It became clear soon that Mom had remembered the lady in her 70s living next door to us, whom we called Jane. Mom began banging on the door, but got no answer. As the smoke thickened around us, I could see many of our neighbors — some still in their pyjamas (睡衣) — running for safety. The thought of fear crossed my mind. “She must have already run for safety like everyone else! Let’s rush downstairs!” I begged. But Mom refused to give up. “I know Jane’s still inside.” She said she was familiar with Jane’s daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: I noticed the flame was reaching up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I noticed the flame was reaching up. My heart raced as I watched the flames grow closer. Despite the danger, Mom continued to pound on Jane’s door with determination. Just as despair began to settle in, we heard the faint sound of movement from inside. Jane, looking disoriented and scared, finally opened the door. Mom quickly explained the situation and urged her to follow us. Though coughing and struggling to see through the thick smoke, Mom held Jane’s hand firmly and guided us back down the corridor towards the stairway. Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. They helped ensure Jane could navigate the stairs safely. Once we reached the ground floor, we were met by firefighters who swiftly took over, checking Jane’s condition and assisting her to a safer spot. Relieved and grateful, Jane thanked my mom repeatedly, tears of gratitude in her eyes. Watching Mom in action, I realized that true bravery doesn’t always make headlines; sometimes it’s found in the determined actions of those who decide not to leave someone behind. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者的母亲在火灾中勇敢救助邻居的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我注意到火焰正在蔓延。”可知，第一段可描写火焰迅速蔓延的情景，以及母亲坚持不懈敲门最终成功救出Jane的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“幸运的是，一些路过的邻居停下来帮忙。”可知，第二段可描写邻居们的帮助以及最终安全撤离的情景，突出母亲的勇敢和社区的团结互助精神。 2.续写线索：火焰蔓延——母亲敲门救出Jane——邻居们提供帮助——安全撤离——感谢与感动——感悟勇敢 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①帮助：assist/help/aid ②开始：begin/start ③催促：urge/press 情绪类 ①感激的：grateful/thankful ②坚定的，有决心的：determined/resolute 【点睛】【高分句型1】My heart raced as I watched the flames grow closer. （运用了as引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】Though coughing and struggling to see through the thick smoke, Mom held Jane’s hand firmly and guided us back down the corridor towards the stairway. （运用了状语从句中的省略结构） 【高分句型3】Once we reached the ground floor, we were met by firefighters who swiftly took over, checking Jane’s condition and assisting her to a safer spot. （运用了once引导的状语从句，who引导的定语从句以及现在分词作状语） 听力1~5 BCBAC 6~10 AACCB 11~15 AABCB 16~20CACBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $