焦点 05 阅读理解之记叙文-备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训（江苏南京）

焦点05 阅读理解之记叙文 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【基础题】 A Laura Ingalls Wilder is a well-known writer, famous for her Little House. Years ago, Laura lived a nomadic (游牧的) life with her family, moving from place to place in the American Midwest. When Laura grew up, she decided to write about her childhood memories. Life on the prairie (草原) was both hard and beautiful. She and her family had to build their own houses, plant crops, and face the challenges of hard weather and wild animals. Although life on the prairie was difficult, it provided Laura with rich material for writing. The stories in her works lively describe her family’s life. Laura’s daughter, Rose, also played an important role in helping her mother to write. Rose encouraged Laura to record those valuable memories and helped her with the writing. Laura said that every scene (场景) in her books was based on real-life experiences. She wanted to share with readers the joy, hardship, and warmth of life on the prairie through her writing. “The prairie is like a big stage, and my family and I are the actors on it. Every story is a valuable memory,” Laura once said. 1．Where did Laura Ingalls Wilder live a nomadic life? A．In the American Midwest. B．In the American Southeast. C．In the American Northeast. D．In the American Southwest. 2．What did Laura think of her childhood life? A．Easy and warm. B．Nice and difficult. C．Lively and exciting. D．Joyful and relaxing. 3．Where did Laura get the idea for her writing? A．From the excitement of her family’s life. B．From the adventures of overseas travel. C．From her memories of life on the prairie. D．From the secrets of modern inventions. 4．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Prairie life is boring to Laura. B．The stories describe her school life. C．Laura wrote books without help. D．Rose actively helped Laura’s writing. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】哲理感悟、其他人、其他著名人物、记叙文、叙事忆旧 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了著名作家Laura Ingalls Wilder的生平。 1．细节理解题。根据“Years ago, Laura lived a nomadic (游牧的) life with her family, moving from place to place in the American Midwest.”可知，Laura Ingalls Wilder在美国中西部过着游牧生活。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Life on the prairie (草原) was both hard and beautiful.”可知，Laura觉得她的童年生活是困难但又美好。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Although life on the prairie was difficult, it provided Laura with rich material for writing.”可知，Laura的写作灵感来自她在草原上的生活。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Laura’s daughter, Rose, also played an important role in helping her mother to write. Rose encouraged Laura to record those valuable memories and helped her with the writing.”可知，Laura的女儿Rose在帮助母亲写作方面也发挥了重要作用，Rose积极地帮助Laura写作。故选D。 B Humor is part of human nature. Everyone has the ability to enjoy jokes and laughter. Humor is an important way to make connections with each other. Humor also helps you look on the bright side of life and face problems positively (积极地). One sunny afternoon, the famous British writer Bernard Shaw was enjoying himself in a field. Suddenly, a bike rider ran into him. Luckily, Mr Shaw wasn’t hurt. “I’m so sorry!” said the rider.” Oh, no,” said Mr Shaw. I should say sorry because I’m not giving luck to you. If you had killed me, you would be famous all over the world.” Feng Jicai, the Chinese writer, was once visited by a friend and his young child in a hotel. While the two men were talking, the little boy jumped up and down on his bed. The bed was shaking, and Feng worried that it might break. He smiled to the boy, “Hey, boy! Are you trying to reach the sky? Will you return to the earth?” His friend understood at once, and said to his son jokingly. “Let’s come back right now!” Although different people may have a different sense of humor, good humor has something in common. First, you need to keep a cool head and an open mind. With humor, you can avoid some unnecessary conflicts (冲突). Second, you need to be kind and understanding. In an embarrassing situation, using humor can help your friend save face. 1．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．How to be humorous. B．How humor helps. C．When to use  humor. D．Examples of being humorous. 2．What did Bernard Shaw do after he was hit by the bike? A．He smiled and made a joke about it. B．He was angry that the rider wanted to kill him. C．He told the rider to be more careful next time. D．He asked the rider to take him to the hospital. 3．What can we learn about Feng Jicai from the underlined sentence? A．He was angry with the boy for his behavior. B．He asked the boy to stop jumping directly. C．He asked the boy to stop jumping humorously. D．He agreed that the boy could continue jumping. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．A Famous Writer B．The Power of Humor. C．A Humorous Writer D．A Way to Connect with Others 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】记叙文、幽默故事 【导语】本文通过两个幽默小故事，告诉我们在人际交流中幽默对人们的用处。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Humor is an important way to make connections with each other. Humor also helps you look on the bright side of life and face problems positively(积极地).”可知，幽默是建立联系的重要方式。幽默也有助于你看到生活的光明面，积极面对问题。所以第一段主要内容是幽默有什么帮助。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I should say sorry because I’m not giving luck to you. If you had killed me, you would be famous all over the world.”可知，骑自行的人撞到萧伯纳后，萧伯纳说如果你杀了我，你将闻名于世，所以是萧伯纳开了个玩笑。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“While the two men were talking, the little boy jumped up and down on his bed. The bed was shaking, and Feng worried that it might break.”可知，床被小孩子跳得摇晃，冯骥才怕床会塌，所以开玩笑让小孩停止跳。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。文章讲述了两个幽默的故事而引出幽默的用处。故选B。 C Jane was always late for class. It happened so often that she could see her teacher shouting at her as soon as she entered the classroom. Jane wanted to make a change to make her teacher happy. The night before, she carefully prepared the things for school the next day. After a late night of preparation, Jane fell asleep happily, but woke up late in the morning. She hurried to get on the school bus, but forgot her schoolbag. After eating breakfast, putting on shoes, she forgot her schoolbag completely! She tried to make her teacher happy, but she would only disappoint him more. Jane felt upset. When she got off the bus and was going to her classroom, she heard someone calling her name through the school radio and asking her to go to the head teacher’s office. She thought worriedly, “Does the head teacher already know that I don’t have my schoolbag?” She walked into the office slowly, only to find her mother waiting for her. “You forgot your schoolbag. I know you tried hard to get ready, so I want to make sure you have your things.” Jane hugged her mother and ran to the classroom quickly. That day, the teacher didn’t shout at her. He was glad to see she was ready, and Jane was glad to have done the right thing. 1．What did Jane do in order not to be late? A．She got up early. B．She went to bed early. C．She didn’t have breakfast at home. D．She got everything ready the night before. 2．What happened to Jane that morning? A．She didn’t feel comfortable. B．She missed the school bus. C．She couldn’t find her shoes. D．She left her schoolbag at home. 3．Who helped Jane in the end? A．Her mother. B．The bus driver. C．Her teacher. D．The head teacher. 4．How did the teacher feel that day? A．Angry. B．Sad. C．Happy. D．Worried. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】学校人员、记叙文、叙事忆旧、个人经历 【导语】本文主要讲述了简上课总是迟到，为了让老师开心，她精心准备了第二天上学的东西，但早上醒来晚了，她匆匆忙忙上了校车，但是忘记了带书包，最后妈妈在校长办公室等着她，把书包给了她，最终她飞快地跑向教室，那天，老师没有对她大喊大叫，很开心她做了正确的事情。 1．细节理解题。根据“Jane wanted to make a change to make her teacher happy. The night before, she carefully prepared the things for school the next day.”可知，简为了不迟到，她提前一天晚上把所有的东西都准备好。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“She hurried to get on the school bus, but forgot her schoolbag.”可知，她把书包落在家里了。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“She walked into the office slowly, only to find her mother waiting for her. ‘You forgot your schoolbag. I know you tried hard to get ready, so I want to make sure you have your things.’”可知，是她妈妈把书包送学校来了。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“That day, the teacher didn’t shout at her. He was glad to see she was ready,”可知，老师那天很开心。故选C。 【提升题】 A One day, when I was standing in the cool shade (阴凉处) of a big tree and my master was carefully cleaning my feet, a boy came by with a big stick. He stopped and began to talk to my master. “That’s a fine horse,”said the boy. “But can he run fast?” “Of course, he can,” said my master. “He is young, strong, and full of energy. But I don’t push him hard without a reason.” The boy laughed. “What’s the point of a strong horse if you don’t make him run fast? You’re wasting him!” My master looked up with a serious expression. “It is never a waste to treat an animal well.” he said. A horse like this will serve you loyally (忠诚地) if you treat him kindly. Overwork or bad treatment will break his spirit and destroy him. A good horse needs trust and care to stay strong.” The boy shook his shoulders and walked away, looking a bit confused (迷惑). But I felt proud and happy. My master knew how to manage me. He taught me to carry myself with confidence and to follow orders without fear. I loved to run freely in the fields, feeling the wind rush past my ears and the grass under my hooves (蹄). But I also knew I could trust my master not to hurt me. Later that day, another horse told me about his old owner, who often hit him and made him pull heavy things up high hills. “My legs are weaker now because of it,” he said sadly. “I wish I had a master like yours. He seems to really care for you.” Hearing his story made me feel even more thankful for the kindness I had experienced. I realized then that not all horses were as lucky as I was, and I promised myself to work my best for my kind master. ——Black Beauty 1．How did the master feel when hearing the boy’s words? A．He felt calm because he agreed with the boy’s idea. B．He felt serious because he disagreed with the boy’s idea. C．He felt nervous about how to answer the boy’s question. D．He felt doubtful and didn’t understand the boy’s point. 2．Why does the writer tell the story through the horse’s eyes? A．To help readers understand how horses think and feel. B．To explain the master’s thoughts and feelings. C．To guide readers to focus on the boy’s actions. D．To show readers that animals don’t have feelings. 3．What can you infer from the passage? A．The horse realized that not all horses had masters as good as his. B．The master promised to never let the horse work too hard. C．The master treated the horse kindly as more than just a tool. D．The master explained to the boy how to treat horses properly. 4．What does Black Beauty admire most about his master? A．His strength in training horses. B．His kindness and understanding. C．His ability to win arguments. D．His experience as a horse owner. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】寓言童话、人与动植物、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要以一匹马的口吻叙述了主人对它的在意和关照，马也因此保证会好好为主人工作。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段“My master looked up with a serious expression.”可知马主人听了小男孩的话后表情严肃，不同意小男孩的观点。故选B。 2．推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段“Hearing his story made me...for my kind master.”可推测作者以马的视角讲述这个故事是为了帮助读者理解马的想法和感受。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“My master knew how to manage me...could trust my master not to hurt me.”可知我的主人知道如何管理我，他教会我自信，毫无畏惧地服从命令。我喜欢在田野里自由自在地奔跑，感受风从耳边掠过和蹄下的青草。但我也知道，我可以相信主人不会伤害我。由此可以合理推测我的主人善待我，没有只把我当做工具。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hearing his story made me feel even more thankful for the kindness I had experienced. ”可知听了其他马的故事，“我”对自己所经历的善意更加心存感激。故选B。 B Born into a poor family, 8-year-old Fabrice moved to Italy with his sister in 1987. Every morning, he saw a Chinese man practicing kung fu in the Center Square. “It was very beautiful,” said Fabrice. He and his friends soon began to imitate the foreigner. One day, the man invited the boys to learn zhan zhuang, a kung fu training skill. However, it hurt their bodies so much that Fabrice’s friends gave up. Fabrice stayed and began learning more from his teacher. “He was very thin but at the same time very strong,” said the Chinese teacher. After finishing school, Fabrice worked hard to make a living. In his free time, he continued to practice kung fu. He learned from videos and practiced in the square as his Chinese teacher once did. In 2011, a Chinese teacher invited Fabrice to learn about Chinese language and culture in China. Four years later, Fabrice got a scholarship (奖学金) to be trained in kung fu and traditional Chinese medicine at the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province. “I used to be a street kid with no bright future, but I met kung fu. China opens its door to me and changes my life” said Fabrice. 1．What did little Fabrice see in the square? A．A man learning Chinese. B．A man practicing kung fu. C．A man teaching people kung fu. D．A man putting on a performance. 2．The underlined word “imitate” has the similar meaning to “________”. A．鼓励 B．模仿 C．训练 D．欺骗 3．Which is the right order of the following events? a. Fabrice learned kung fu from a Chinese man in Italy. b. Fabrice learned traditional Chinese medicine in Henan. c. Fabrice learned kung fu from videos and trained in the square. d. Fabrice learned Chinese culture in China. A．a—c—d—b B．b—d—c—a C．a—d—c—b D．b—c—d—a 4．Which word can best describe Fabrice? A．Honest. B．Smart. C．Strong-minded. D．Warm-hearted. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】其他人、中华文化、记叙文 【导语】本文讲述了一个名叫Fabrice的男孩从小在意大利见到一位中国人练习功夫，受此影响，他开始对功夫产生兴趣。 1．细节理解题。根据“Every morning, he saw a Chinese man practicing kung fu in the Center Square”可知，Fabrice在广场上看到了一位中国人练习功夫。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据上下文和“soon began to imitate the foreigner”可知，Fabrice和他的朋友们开始模仿外国人的动作，划线单词“imitate”与“模仿”意思相近。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Every morning, he saw a Chinese man practicing kung fu in the Center Square”，“He learned from videos and practiced in the square as his Chinese teacher once did.”和“In 2011, a Chinese teacher invited Fabrice to learn about Chinese language and culture in China. Four years later, Fabrice got a scholarship (奖学金) to be trained in kung fu and traditional Chinese medicine at the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province.”可知，首先Fabrice在意大利向一位中国人学习功夫（a）；接着，他通过视频继续学习，并在广场上练习功夫（c）；然后，Fabrice在中国学习中国文化（d）；最后，他在河南学习传统中医（b）。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章“However, it hurt their bodies so much that Fabrice’s friends gave up. Fabrice stayed and began learning more from his teacher.”和“he continued to practice kung fu”可知，Fabrice在学习功夫的过程中表现出了非常坚定的意志，即强烈的决心和毅力。故选C。 C Do you like keeping pets at home? When I was little, I really wanted to have a pet dog, but my mother disagreed because my father is allergic (过敏的) to dog hair. I was in sadness. Then on the morning of my twelfth birthday, my father gave me a big box as a present. I could hardly lift it up. My father helped me put the box on the table. Then I opened it carefully. I couldn’t believe my eyes when I saw what was inside. There was a small white dog lying still! “Wow! A dog?” I hugged my father happily. “Thank you, Dad. This is the best gift I have ever got.” “Jessica, it is Po, a robotic dog,” my father said. “A robotic dog?” I said in surprise because it was so lifelike. I looked closely for a while and found that it was really a robotic dog! “Dad, it’s so cool!” Dad placed it on the floor and pressed the tiny power button (按钮). Then the dog came to life. It stood up, opened its eyes and looked into me. I touched its head gently, then it lifted its ears and moved its tail back and forward. When I stopped, it put its nose against my hand. Even after it was trained, its actions were sometimes unexpected. Sometimes, when I asked it to sit or lie down, it would simply bark at me, just like a real dog. Though I did not believe that the dog really had thoughts or feelings, it has become my good friend. And it left me with many sweet memories. 1．Why did the writer’s mother disagree with having a pet dog? A．Because her mother dislikes dogs. B．Because her mother is afraid of dogs. C．Because her father dislikes dogs. D．Because her father is allergic to dog hair. 2．Which of the following shows how the writer’s feelings changed over time? A．Upset→happy→surprised. B．Happy→surprised→sad. C．Happy→sad→surprised. D．Upset→surprised→happy. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the passage? A．Po could be trained well. B．Po couldn’t always follow the writer’s order. C．Po had its thoughts or feelings. D．Po could move its tail left and right. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．A Story about a Robotic Dog B．A Way to Make a Robotic Dog C．An Introduction of a Robotic Dog D．An Activity of a Robotic Dog 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】记叙文、叙事忆旧 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者收到一只机器狗作为礼物的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When I was little, I really wanted to have a pet dog, but my mother disagreed because my father is allergic (过敏的) to dog hair.”可知，作者的母亲不同意她养宠物狗，是因为她的父亲对狗毛过敏。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“I was in sadness...I hugged my father happily.”和第三段“I said in surprise”可知，作者的感情变化是：难过→高兴→惊讶。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ Even after it was trained, its actions were sometimes unexpected. Sometimes, when I asked it to sit or lie down, it would simply bark at me, just like a real dog.”可知，有时，当作者让Po坐下或躺下时，它就只会对作者吠叫，就像一只真正的狗一样。由此推知，Po不能总是听从作者的命令。故选B。 4．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者收到一只机器狗作为礼物的故事。因此，选项A“一个关于机器狗的故事”是最佳标题。故选A。 【拔高题】 A My father, who passed away years ago, had his saying, “You break it, you fix it.” That was the motto in our house. He was quite serious about this. If we broke anything, he made us fix it. And that is also one of my wife Lucy’s sayings. Lucy can fix anything and everything. If something is broken, she has to find a way to fix it whatever it is. I sit on the other side of the table. I can break anything and everything. Several years ago, the front bumper of my car was loose. I didn’t know what to do and told Lucy about that. That’s all I did, and Lucy was out there within 30 minutes, fixing it. I was stunned because I didn’t think it was fixable. But she did. And it’s been fixed for over five years now. But we have a wonderful relationship. We are partners in the strictest sense of the word. I don’t do what she can do, and she surely doesn’t do what I can do. Well, most of the time. She knows all the builder stores around and even the workers there. I’m not even sure of the names of these stores. Last week, as we were walking around, a woman happened to stop us and asked if we knew where a certain gadget (小工具) was. Lucy told her exactly where to go and recommended a certain brand of that gadget. I just remained silent along. I’m not very smart about fix-it-up tools, but I am pretty smart about finances (财务). Once, I went into the bank to do a little business. Lucy went with me. As I talked with the office worker, Lucy had no idea about our words. Finance is not her strong point. It boils down to this: I can break anything, she can fix anything, and I can pay the bill. What more do you need for life to be happy? After years of marriage, we have understood our position. When anything is broken, I’m not allowed to touch it. That is Lucy’s job. We accept our situation and respect each other’s strengths and weaknesses. The motto in our house now is simply this: “I break it, she fixes it.” 1．The underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A．angry B．afraid C．happy D．surprised 2．What do we know about Lucy according to the passage? A．She can break everything at home. B．She is experienced at fix-it-up tools. C．She is very clever at finances. D．She forces the writer to fix everything. 3．Why does the writer give specific examples in the passage? A．To show their wonderful relationship. B．To describe their strong and weak points. C．To explain what father’s saying really means. D．To introduce more about fix-it-up tools and finances. 4．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．I Break It, She Fixes It B．You Break It, You Fix It C．What Can a Housewife Fix? D．How to Fix Something Broken? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】哲理感悟、家庭生活、记叙文 【导语】本文通过描述了作者与其妻子在日常生活中对于修理物品和处理财务的不同擅长领域，展现了他们之间的互补关系和相互尊重的态度。 1．词义猜测题。根据第二段“I was stunned because I didn’t think it was fixable. But she did. And it’s been fixed for over five years now.”可知，作者自己认为汽车前保险杠无法修复，但妻子却修好了，所以这让作者很惊讶；据此可以推断，划线单词“stunned”意为“惊讶的”，与“surprised”同义。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Last week, as we were walking around, a woman happened to stop us and asked if we knew where a certain gadget was. Lucy told her exactly where to go and recommended a certain brand of that gadget.”可知，作者的妻子准确地告诉那位女士去哪里买那个小工具，并且还推荐了一种品牌；据此可以推断，她对于修理工具很有经验。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Several years ago, the front bumper of my car was loose. I didn’t know what to do and told Lucy about that. That’s all I did, and Lucy was out there within 30 minutes, fixing it.”、第五段“I’m not very smart about fix-it-up tools, but I am pretty smart about finances.”以及最后一段“We accept our situation and respect each other’s strengths and weaknesses.”可知，作者在文章中举了具体的例子来说明他们夫妻之间的分工合作，展现各自的优点和缺点，以及他们如何相互尊重的生活态度。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。综合全文，尤其是根据最后一段“The motto in our house now is simply this: ‘I break it, she fixes it.’”可知，本文主要讲述了作者和妻子之间如何分工合作，即作者打破东西，妻子修理东西；选项A“我弄坏了，她修好”最能概括文章的主题，适合作为文章的标题。故选A。 B One day when some government officials were rebuilding a barn (谷仓), they found a mouse hole in a corner and used smoke to force the mice inside the hole to come out. A while later they indeed saw mice running out, one after another. Then, everyone thought that all the mice had escaped. But just as they began to clean up, they saw two mice squeezing (挤) out at the mouth of the hole. With some efforts, the mice finally got out. However, it was strange that after they came out of the hole, they did not run away immediately. Instead, one chased after the other near the mouth of the hole. It seemed that one was trying to bite (咬) the tail of the other. Everyone was puzzled, so they stepped nearer to take a look. They realized that one of the mice was blind and could not see anything, and the other was trying to allow the blind mouse to bite on his tail so that he could pull the blind one with him to escape. After seeing what happened, everyone was speechless and lost in thought. During the meal time, the group of people sat down in a circle and started to chat about what happened to the two mice. One serious American official said: “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of king and guard.” The others thought for a while and said: “That was why!” A smart French said: “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of husband and wife.” Again the others thought for a while, and all felt it made sense. A Japanese said: “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of mother and son.” Once again the others thought for a while, and felt this was more reasonable. So they expressed agreement another time. At that moment, one Chinese asked: “Why did those two mice have to have a certain relationship?” Suddenly, the group looked back at the Chinese and remained speechless. The American official, the French and the Japanese who had spoken earlier all lowered their heads in shame, and did not dare to answer. In fact, the true love is not built on friendship, loyalty or blood relationship. Instead, it is based on no relationship. 1．Neither of the two mice ran away immediately because ________. A．one was biting the other B．the mouth of the hole was too small C．they were not afraid of smoke D．one was trying to help the blind one 2．“it made sense” probably means ________. A．it was correct B．it was strange C．it was funny D．it was sweet 3．Why did they lower their heads in shame according to the passage? A．They did not dare to answer. B．They had mistaken the relationship of the mice. C．They regretted (后悔) driving a poor blind mouse away. D．They did not express themselves much better. 4．It is clear that ________. A．all the mice came out of the hole easily B．each of the people understood the relationship differently C．the people wanted to kill the mice with smoke D．the people knew one of the mice was blind at the first sight 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】哲理感悟、记叙文 【导语】本文通过两只老鼠在面临生命危险之时的故事，告诉了我们真爱的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“one of the mice was blind and could not see anything, and the other was trying to allow the blind mouse to bite on his tail so that he could pull the blind one with him to escape.”可知其中一只老鼠是瞎子，什么也看不见，另一只老鼠正试图让瞎子咬它的尾巴，这样它就可以把瞎子拉出来逃跑，所以这两只老鼠没有逃跑是因为其中一只正努力帮助瞎的那只老鼠。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据“‘I think the relationship between those two mice was that of husband and wife.’ Again the others thought for a while, and all felt it made sense...Once again the others thought for a while, and felt this was more reasonable. So they expressed agreement another time.”可知一位聪明的法国人说：“在我看来，这两只老鼠是夫妻的关系，其他人认为这种说法说得通，故此处划线部分意为“它是对的”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“In fact, the true love is not built on friendship, loyalty or blood relationship. Instead, it is based on no relationship.”可知真爱不是建立在任何关系之上的，美、法、日的官员们纷纷推测两只老鼠有一定的关系，他们很惭愧，因为他们表达的观点不好。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“One serious American official said...A smart French said...A Japanese said”可知每个人对这种关系的理解都不同。故选B。 C Bassanio looked at the three boxes, but he did not read the writing on them. He looked at the gold and silver. “The world is tricked by appearances,” he said. “People often hide ordinary things with beautiful gold, silver, and jewels. People always agree with those who speak well, even if they say foolish things. Many people who seem brave are really cowards. How often do we believe in leaders who turn out to be bad?” Then Bassanio remembered the story of Midas, the man who loved gold too much. He wanted everything to be gold. He wished that he could make everything gold just by touching it. When he could, it was a disaster. He could not eat his golden food, and he was afraid to touch his daughter. “No, I do not want these beautiful boxes of gold and silver. I will choose the lead box with its ordinary color. It speaks more to me than all the gold and silver in the world. Please give me the key to the lead box. Let happiness be mine.” Bassanio said to himself. One of the servants gave him the key, and he went to the box and opened it. Portia was very pleased. She could not believe it, until Bassanio opened the box and saw the picture of Portia inside it. When he saw the picture, he loved her even more because the picture was very beautiful. He wondered how anyone could paint such a good picture of her. It was almost as beautiful as Portia herself. He looked at all the parts of the picture. He looked at the eyes and the hair and the eyes. All of them were perfect. But Portia herself even more beautiful than her picture. The writing inside the box told him that he had chosen the right box. It said that he should go to Portia and look into her eyes. She would be his wife. Bassanio could not believe it. “Is it really true?” he asked. “Will you really be my wife? I am afraid to believe it until you say so.” 1．What do we know about Midas? A．He was happy to eat golden food. B．He worked hard to get gold. C．He was afraid of his daughter. D．He showed great interest in gold. 2．What may “cowards” do when they face the difficulties? A．Find out ways to solve them. B．Show fear and give up. C．Ask others for help. D．Hand in the problems to others. 3．Why did Portia feel very pleased when Bassanio opened the box? A．Because Bassanio didn’t like gold, silver or jewels. B．Because Bassanio didn’t read the writing on the box. C．Because she hoped to become the wife of Bassanio. D．Because she thought the picture in the box was perfect. 4．What may be the best title of the passage? A．Bassanio and the lead box B．Portia and her picture C．The things in the boxes D．Tricked by appearances 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】哲理感悟、寓言童话、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了巴萨尼奥在选择箱子时的故事，他拒绝了华丽的金银箱，选择了朴素的铅箱，最终赢得了波西亚的芳心。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Then Bassanio remembered the story of Midas, the man who loved gold too much.”（然后，巴萨尼奥想起了弥达斯的故事，那个对金子太着迷的人。）可知，弥达斯对金子很感兴趣。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Many people who seem brave are really cowards.”（许多看起来勇敢的人其实是懦夫。）可知，懦夫在面对困难时会表现出恐惧和放弃，而不是寻找解决办法或向他人求助。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The writing inside the box told him that he had chosen the right box. It said that he should go to Portia and look into her eyes. She would be his wife.”（箱子里的文字告诉他，他选对了箱子。上面写着他应该去找波西亚，看着她的眼睛。她会成为他的妻子。）以及“Bassanio could not believe it. ‘Is it really true?’ he asked. ‘Will you really be my wife? I am afraid to believe it until you say so.’”（巴萨尼奥不敢相信。“这是真的吗？”他问。“你真的会成为我的妻子吗？在你说之前，我都不敢相信。”）可知，波西亚希望成为巴萨尼奥的妻子，所以当巴萨尼奥打开箱子看到她的画像时，她非常高兴。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文，特别是根据第三段中的“No, I do not want these beautiful boxes of gold and silver. I will choose the lead box with its ordinary color.”（不，我不想要这些漂亮的金银箱子。我要选择那个颜色普通的铅箱。）和最后一段中的“The writing inside the box told him that he had chosen the right box.”（箱子里的文字告诉他，他选对了箱子。）可知，本文主要讲述了巴萨尼奥选择铅箱的故事，因此A项“巴萨尼奥和铅箱”最适合作为本文的标题。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 焦点05 阅读理解之记叙文 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【基础题】 A Laura Ingalls Wilder is a well-known writer, famous for her Little House. Years ago, Laura lived a nomadic (游牧的) life with her family, moving from place to place in the American Midwest. When Laura grew up, she decided to write about her childhood memories. Life on the prairie (草原) was both hard and beautiful. She and her family had to build their own houses, plant crops, and face the challenges of hard weather and wild animals. Although life on the prairie was difficult, it provided Laura with rich material for writing. The stories in her works lively describe her family’s life. Laura’s daughter, Rose, also played an important role in helping her mother to write. Rose encouraged Laura to record those valuable memories and helped her with the writing. Laura said that every scene (场景) in her books was based on real-life experiences. She wanted to share with readers the joy, hardship, and warmth of life on the prairie through her writing. “The prairie is like a big stage, and my family and I are the actors on it. Every story is a valuable memory,” Laura once said. 1．Where did Laura Ingalls Wilder live a nomadic life? A．In the American Midwest. B．In the American Southeast. C．In the American Northeast. D．In the American Southwest. 2．What did Laura think of her childhood life? A．Easy and warm. B．Nice and difficult. C．Lively and exciting. D．Joyful and relaxing. 3．Where did Laura get the idea for her writing? A．From the excitement of her family’s life. B．From the adventures of overseas travel. C．From her memories of life on the prairie. D．From the secrets of modern inventions. 4．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Prairie life is boring to Laura. B．The stories describe her school life. C．Laura wrote books without help. D．Rose actively helped Laura’s writing. B Humor is part of human nature. Everyone has the ability to enjoy jokes and laughter. Humor is an important way to make connections with each other. Humor also helps you look on the bright side of life and face problems positively (积极地). One sunny afternoon, the famous British writer Bernard Shaw was enjoying himself in a field. Suddenly, a bike rider ran into him. Luckily, Mr Shaw wasn’t hurt. “I’m so sorry!” said the rider.” Oh, no,” said Mr Shaw. I should say sorry because I’m not giving luck to you. If you had killed me, you would be famous all over the world.” Feng Jicai, the Chinese writer, was once visited by a friend and his young child in a hotel. While the two men were talking, the little boy jumped up and down on his bed. The bed was shaking, and Feng worried that it might break. He smiled to the boy, “Hey, boy! Are you trying to reach the sky? Will you return to the earth?” His friend understood at once, and said to his son jokingly. “Let’s come back right now!” Although different people may have a different sense of humor, good humor has something in common. First, you need to keep a cool head and an open mind. With humor, you can avoid some unnecessary conflicts (冲突). Second, you need to be kind and understanding. In an embarrassing situation, using humor can help your friend save face. 1．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．How to be humorous. B．How humor helps. C．When to use  humor. D．Examples of being humorous. 2．What did Bernard Shaw do after he was hit by the bike? A．He smiled and made a joke about it. B．He was angry that the rider wanted to kill him. C．He told the rider to be more careful next time. D．He asked the rider to take him to the hospital. 3．What can we learn about Feng Jicai from the underlined sentence? A．He was angry with the boy for his behavior. B．He asked the boy to stop jumping directly. C．He asked the boy to stop jumping humorously. D．He agreed that the boy could continue jumping. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．A Famous Writer B．The Power of Humor. C．A Humorous Writer D．A Way to Connect with Others C Jane was always late for class. It happened so often that she could see her teacher shouting at her as soon as she entered the classroom. Jane wanted to make a change to make her teacher happy. The night before, she carefully prepared the things for school the next day. After a late night of preparation, Jane fell asleep happily, but woke up late in the morning. She hurried to get on the school bus, but forgot her schoolbag. After eating breakfast, putting on shoes, she forgot her schoolbag completely! She tried to make her teacher happy, but she would only disappoint him more. Jane felt upset. When she got off the bus and was going to her classroom, she heard someone calling her name through the school radio and asking her to go to the head teacher’s office. She thought worriedly, “Does the head teacher already know that I don’t have my schoolbag?” She walked into the office slowly, only to find her mother waiting for her. “You forgot your schoolbag. I know you tried hard to get ready, so I want to make sure you have your things.” Jane hugged her mother and ran to the classroom quickly. That day, the teacher didn’t shout at her. He was glad to see she was ready, and Jane was glad to have done the right thing. 1．What did Jane do in order not to be late? A．She got up early. B．She went to bed early. C．She didn’t have breakfast at home. D．She got everything ready the night before. 2．What happened to Jane that morning? A．She didn’t feel comfortable. B．She missed the school bus. C．She couldn’t find her shoes. D．She left her schoolbag at home. 3．Who helped Jane in the end? A．Her mother. B．The bus driver. C．Her teacher. D．The head teacher. 4．How did the teacher feel that day? A．Angry. B．Sad. C．Happy. D．Worried. 【提升题】 A One day, when I was standing in the cool shade (阴凉处) of a big tree and my master was carefully cleaning my feet, a boy came by with a big stick. He stopped and began to talk to my master. “That’s a fine horse,”said the boy. “But can he run fast?” “Of course, he can,” said my master. “He is young, strong, and full of energy. But I don’t push him hard without a reason.” The boy laughed. “What’s the point of a strong horse if you don’t make him run fast? You’re wasting him!” My master looked up with a serious expression. “It is never a waste to treat an animal well.” he said. A horse like this will serve you loyally (忠诚地) if you treat him kindly. Overwork or bad treatment will break his spirit and destroy him. A good horse needs trust and care to stay strong.” The boy shook his shoulders and walked away, looking a bit confused (迷惑). But I felt proud and happy. My master knew how to manage me. He taught me to carry myself with confidence and to follow orders without fear. I loved to run freely in the fields, feeling the wind rush past my ears and the grass under my hooves (蹄). But I also knew I could trust my master not to hurt me. Later that day, another horse told me about his old owner, who often hit him and made him pull heavy things up high hills. “My legs are weaker now because of it,” he said sadly. “I wish I had a master like yours. He seems to really care for you.” Hearing his story made me feel even more thankful for the kindness I had experienced. I realized then that not all horses were as lucky as I was, and I promised myself to work my best for my kind master. ——Black Beauty 1．How did the master feel when hearing the boy’s words? A．He felt calm because he agreed with the boy’s idea. B．He felt serious because he disagreed with the boy’s idea. C．He felt nervous about how to answer the boy’s question. D．He felt doubtful and didn’t understand the boy’s point. 2．Why does the writer tell the story through the horse’s eyes? A．To help readers understand how horses think and feel. B．To explain the master’s thoughts and feelings. C．To guide readers to focus on the boy’s actions. D．To show readers that animals don’t have feelings. 3．What can you infer from the passage? A．The horse realized that not all horses had masters as good as his. B．The master promised to never let the horse work too hard. C．The master treated the horse kindly as more than just a tool. D．The master explained to the boy how to treat horses properly. 4．What does Black Beauty admire most about his master? A．His strength in training horses. B．His kindness and understanding. C．His ability to win arguments. D．His experience as a horse owner. B Born into a poor family, 8-year-old Fabrice moved to Italy with his sister in 1987. Every morning, he saw a Chinese man practicing kung fu in the Center Square. “It was very beautiful,” said Fabrice. He and his friends soon began to imitate the foreigner. One day, the man invited the boys to learn zhan zhuang, a kung fu training skill. However, it hurt their bodies so much that Fabrice’s friends gave up. Fabrice stayed and began learning more from his teacher. “He was very thin but at the same time very strong,” said the Chinese teacher. After finishing school, Fabrice worked hard to make a living. In his free time, he continued to practice kung fu. He learned from videos and practiced in the square as his Chinese teacher once did. In 2011, a Chinese teacher invited Fabrice to learn about Chinese language and culture in China. Four years later, Fabrice got a scholarship (奖学金) to be trained in kung fu and traditional Chinese medicine at the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province. “I used to be a street kid with no bright future, but I met kung fu. China opens its door to me and changes my life” said Fabrice. 1．What did little Fabrice see in the square? A．A man learning Chinese. B．A man practicing kung fu. C．A man teaching people kung fu. D．A man putting on a performance. 2．The underlined word “imitate” has the similar meaning to “________”. A．鼓励 B．模仿 C．训练 D．欺骗 3．Which is the right order of the following events? a. Fabrice learned kung fu from a Chinese man in Italy. b. Fabrice learned traditional Chinese medicine in Henan. c. Fabrice learned kung fu from videos and trained in the square. d. Fabrice learned Chinese culture in China. A．a—c—d—b B．b—d—c—a C．a—d—c—b D．b—c—d—a 4．Which word can best describe Fabrice? A．Honest. B．Smart. C．Strong-minded. D．Warm-hearted. C Do you like keeping pets at home? When I was little, I really wanted to have a pet dog, but my mother disagreed because my father is allergic (过敏的) to dog hair. I was in sadness. Then on the morning of my twelfth birthday, my father gave me a big box as a present. I could hardly lift it up. My father helped me put the box on the table. Then I opened it carefully. I couldn’t believe my eyes when I saw what was inside. There was a small white dog lying still! “Wow! A dog?” I hugged my father happily. “Thank you, Dad. This is the best gift I have ever got.” “Jessica, it is Po, a robotic dog,” my father said. “A robotic dog?” I said in surprise because it was so lifelike. I looked closely for a while and found that it was really a robotic dog! “Dad, it’s so cool!” Dad placed it on the floor and pressed the tiny power button (按钮). Then the dog came to life. It stood up, opened its eyes and looked into me. I touched its head gently, then it lifted its ears and moved its tail back and forward. When I stopped, it put its nose against my hand. Even after it was trained, its actions were sometimes unexpected. Sometimes, when I asked it to sit or lie down, it would simply bark at me, just like a real dog. Though I did not believe that the dog really had thoughts or feelings, it has become my good friend. And it left me with many sweet memories. 1．Why did the writer’s mother disagree with having a pet dog? A．Because her mother dislikes dogs. B．Because her mother is afraid of dogs. C．Because her father dislikes dogs. D．Because her father is allergic to dog hair. 2．Which of the following shows how the writer’s feelings changed over time? A．Upset→happy→surprised. B．Happy→surprised→sad. C．Happy→sad→surprised. D．Upset→surprised→happy. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the passage? A．Po could be trained well. B．Po couldn’t always follow the writer’s order. C．Po had its thoughts or feelings. D．Po could move its tail left and right. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．A Story about a Robotic Dog B．A Way to Make a Robotic Dog C．An Introduction of a Robotic Dog D．An Activity of a Robotic Dog 【拔高题】 A My father, who passed away years ago, had his saying, “You break it, you fix it.” That was the motto in our house. He was quite serious about this. If we broke anything, he made us fix it. And that is also one of my wife Lucy’s sayings. Lucy can fix anything and everything. If something is broken, she has to find a way to fix it whatever it is. I sit on the other side of the table. I can break anything and everything. Several years ago, the front bumper of my car was loose. I didn’t know what to do and told Lucy about that. That’s all I did, and Lucy was out there within 30 minutes, fixing it. I was stunned because I didn’t think it was fixable. But she did. And it’s been fixed for over five years now. But we have a wonderful relationship. We are partners in the strictest sense of the word. I don’t do what she can do, and she surely doesn’t do what I can do. Well, most of the time. She knows all the builder stores around and even the workers there. I’m not even sure of the names of these stores. Last week, as we were walking around, a woman happened to stop us and asked if we knew where a certain gadget (小工具) was. Lucy told her exactly where to go and recommended a certain brand of that gadget. I just remained silent along. I’m not very smart about fix-it-up tools, but I am pretty smart about finances (财务). Once, I went into the bank to do a little business. Lucy went with me. As I talked with the office worker, Lucy had no idea about our words. Finance is not her strong point. It boils down to this: I can break anything, she can fix anything, and I can pay the bill. What more do you need for life to be happy? After years of marriage, we have understood our position. When anything is broken, I’m not allowed to touch it. That is Lucy’s job. We accept our situation and respect each other’s strengths and weaknesses. The motto in our house now is simply this: “I break it, she fixes it.” 1．The underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A．angry B．afraid C．happy D．surprised 2．What do we know about Lucy according to the passage? A．She can break everything at home. B．She is experienced at fix-it-up tools. C．She is very clever at finances. D．She forces the writer to fix everything. 3．Why does the writer give specific examples in the passage? A．To show their wonderful relationship. B．To describe their strong and weak points. C．To explain what father’s saying really means. D．To introduce more about fix-it-up tools and finances. 4．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．I Break It, She Fixes It B．You Break It, You Fix It C．What Can a Housewife Fix? D．How to Fix Something Broken? B One day when some government officials were rebuilding a barn (谷仓), they found a mouse hole in a corner and used smoke to force the mice inside the hole to come out. A while later they indeed saw mice running out, one after another. Then, everyone thought that all the mice had escaped. But just as they began to clean up, they saw two mice squeezing (挤) out at the mouth of the hole. With some efforts, the mice finally got out. However, it was strange that after they came out of the hole, they did not run away immediately. Instead, one chased after the other near the mouth of the hole. It seemed that one was trying to bite (咬) the tail of the other. Everyone was puzzled, so they stepped nearer to take a look. They realized that one of the mice was blind and could not see anything, and the other was trying to allow the blind mouse to bite on his tail so that he could pull the blind one with him to escape. After seeing what happened, everyone was speechless and lost in thought. During the meal time, the group of people sat down in a circle and started to chat about what happened to the two mice. One serious American official said: “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of king and guard.” The others thought for a while and said: “That was why!” A smart French said: “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of husband and wife.” Again the others thought for a while, and all felt it made sense. A Japanese said: “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of mother and son.” Once again the others thought for a while, and felt this was more reasonable. So they expressed agreement another time. At that moment, one Chinese asked: “Why did those two mice have to have a certain relationship?” Suddenly, the group looked back at the Chinese and remained speechless. The American official, the French and the Japanese who had spoken earlier all lowered their heads in shame, and did not dare to answer. In fact, the true love is not built on friendship, loyalty or blood relationship. Instead, it is based on no relationship. 1．Neither of the two mice ran away immediately because ________. A．one was biting the other B．the mouth of the hole was too small C．they were not afraid of smoke D．one was trying to help the blind one 2．“it made sense” probably means ________. A．it was correct B．it was strange C．it was funny D．it was sweet 3．Why did they lower their heads in shame according to the passage? A．They did not dare to answer. B．They had mistaken the relationship of the mice. C．They regretted (后悔) driving a poor blind mouse away. D．They did not express themselves much better. 4．It is clear that ________. A．all the mice came out of the hole easily B．each of the people understood the relationship differently C．the people wanted to kill the mice with smoke D．the people knew one of the mice was blind at the first sight C Bassanio looked at the three boxes, but he did not read the writing on them. He looked at the gold and silver. “The world is tricked by appearances,” he said. “People often hide ordinary things with beautiful gold, silver, and jewels. People always agree with those who speak well, even if they say foolish things. Many people who seem brave are really cowards. How often do we believe in leaders who turn out to be bad?” Then Bassanio remembered the story of Midas, the man who loved gold too much. He wanted everything to be gold. He wished that he could make everything gold just by touching it. When he could, it was a disaster. He could not eat his golden food, and he was afraid to touch his daughter. “No, I do not want these beautiful boxes of gold and silver. I will choose the lead box with its ordinary color. It speaks more to me than all the gold and silver in the world. Please give me the key to the lead box. Let happiness be mine.” Bassanio said to himself. One of the servants gave him the key, and he went to the box and opened it. Portia was very pleased. She could not believe it, until Bassanio opened the box and saw the picture of Portia inside it. When he saw the picture, he loved her even more because the picture was very beautiful. He wondered how anyone could paint such a good picture of her. It was almost as beautiful as Portia herself. He looked at all the parts of the picture. He looked at the eyes and the hair and the eyes. All of them were perfect. But Portia herself even more beautiful than her picture. The writing inside the box told him that he had chosen the right box. It said that he should go to Portia and look into her eyes. She would be his wife. Bassanio could not believe it. “Is it really true?” he asked. “Will you really be my wife? I am afraid to believe it until you say so.” 1．What do we know about Midas? A．He was happy to eat golden food. B．He worked hard to get gold. C．He was afraid of his daughter. D．He showed great interest in gold. 2．What may “cowards” do when they face the difficulties? A．Find out ways to solve them. B．Show fear and give up. C．Ask others for help. D．Hand in the problems to others. 3．Why did Portia feel very pleased when Bassanio opened the box? A．Because Bassanio didn’t like gold, silver or jewels. B．Because Bassanio didn’t read the writing on the box. C．Because she hoped to become the wife of Bassanio. D．Because she thought the picture in the box was perfect. 4．What may be the best title of the passage? A．Bassanio and the lead box B．Portia and her picture C．The things in the boxes D．Tricked by appearances 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$