第02讲 非谓语动词（讲义）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（江苏专用）

第02讲 非谓语动词 目录 知识导图·思维引航 考点突破·考法探究 考点一 非谓语动词形式之一“doing” （一）doing之动名词用法 （二）doing之现在分词用法 考点二 非谓语动词形式之二“done” （一）done表示被动用法 （二）done表示完成用法 考点三 非谓语动词形式之三“to do不定式” （一）to do不定式之作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、目的状语、结果状语、后置定语 （二）to do不定式之省略to用法 （三）to do不定式之特殊疑问词+不定式 考点四 非谓语动词易错点 （一）动词后既可以加to do不定式也可以加doing的含义区分 （二）have sb do sth和have sth done的区分 分层训练·巩固提升 基础巩固 能力提升 考点一 非谓语动词形式之一“doing” （一）doing之动名词用法 1. 动名词作主语(谓语动词用单数形式) Eating dangshen and huangqi herbs is also good for this . Knocking into players and falling down would be dangerous 2. 动名词作宾语 总结: ①enjoy /practice /end up /finish/consider/keep /be busy/ stand/imagine/mind ②hold on to/thanks for/be used to/ prefer…to…/pay attention to/be good at/look forward to/ have difficulty (in)/have trouble (in)/have confidence (in) Do you mind opening the window? My father enjoys watching TV. 【注意】有些动词即可用动名词作直接宾语，也可以用不定式作直接宾语，两者有着截然不同的意义。 （1）like，love，prefer，hate......等表示喜爱、厌恶、偏好的情感动词，后跟不定式表示“仅一时的爱憎情感或指特定或具体某次行为”；后跟动名词表示“抽象性的一种倾向、爱好或习惯性的动作” 2) 动词remember，forget，stop，go on，try，can't help等既能以动词不定式又能以动名词作宾语，但表达的意思却不同。与动词不定式连用时，表示未完成的动作。 例如：remember   后用动名词表示 “记起过去做过的一件事”；后用动词不定式表示“记住要去做某一件事情”。 3）动词need, want, require,以及 be worth之后动名词的主动语态含有被动的意思，相当于不定式的被动语态。 例如：My hair needs cutting. （二）doing之现在分词用法 1．现在分词作后置定语(表示动作正在发生，与被修饰词是主谓关系) Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball ! There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood. 2．现在分词作表语 My hobby is collecting old coins. 3. 现在分词作宾补 see，hear，watch，notice，observe，listen to，look at I saw they playing football on the playground yesterday. 动词不定式和现在分词作宾补的区别 常见动词 区 别 例 句 现在分词 一感；feel 二听：hear, listen to 三使：make,let ,have 四看：look at, see, watch, notice 表示动作的一部分正在进行。 I saw him crossing the road. 我看见他正在过马路。 动词不定式 表示动作全过程已经结束或存在的事实。 I saw him cross the road. 我看见他过马路。 考点二 非谓语动词形式之二“done” （一）done表示被动用法 表被动：Compared with A, B is .... a book written by Lu Xun （二）done表示完成用法 表完成：a developed country 【注意】有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成。 如： boiled water（开水） fallen leaves（落叶） newly arrived goods（新到的货） the risen sun（升起的太阳） the changed world（变了的世界） 注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。例如以上两个句子可以转换成定语从句： Our class went on a trip which was organized last Monday. Those who were elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 考点三 非谓语动词形式之三“to do不定式” （一）to do不定式之作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、目的状语、后置定语 1) 作主语 动词不定式可以在句子中作主语，且作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末.其结构是 It’s +adj.+of/ for sb + to do. it 做形式主语, 注意for/of sb 区别。 It’s very exciting to have a Chinese friend. It’s important to eat a balanced diet. It takes about 25 minutes to walk . It's very hard for him to study two languages. It's very nice of you to help me. 2) 作宾语 1) 一些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语: want, decide, hope, agree, wish, need ,promise, would like, plan, manage, offer, fail, ask, afford 等。 e.g.: I hope to have a more comfortable bed. He decides to buy another pair of trainers for his daughter. At last, the children managed to enter the room. 2) 在find, think后用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句末。 e.g.: I find it hard to understand the passage. I think it interesting to read this book. 3) 常见的一些用不带to的动词不定式做宾语，这类动词有： Will (Would) you please (not)...? 请（不要）做某事好吗? had better最好做某事 Why not...? 为何不做某事 would rather(not)...宁可(不)；宁愿(不) 3) 作宾语补足语 e.g.: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 此处to turn down the radio为宾语him的补足语，turn down这个动作由he来做，是逻辑上的主语。 一些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语补足语: tell, ask, want, allow, would like, encourage, invite, need, tell, advise等。 e.g.: Our English teacher encourages us to read loudly in the morning. 4) 做后置定语 动词不定式作定语时，应该放在名词或复合不定代词后，它与名词或复合不定代词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 e.g.: There is nothing to worry about. (worry about nothing) Have you got anything to say? (say something) 5) 作目的状语和结果状语 通常情况下，动词不定式在句子中充当： a) 目的状语：一般置于句末或句首，用来表示做某事的目的，通常to do可以用in order to 进行同义句转换； e.g.: I went to the library to study English. (表示目的) = I went to the library in order to study English. = To/ In order to study English, I went to the library. b) 结果状语：一般置于句末，用来表示做事的结果，初中常见的句型有：too…to…; enough.. to.. e.g.: She arrived at the airport to find the train had left. The young man was not strong enough to carry the heavy bag. = The young man was too weak to carry the heavy bag. 6）作表语 One of the most polite ways is to ask someone, “Would you mind doing this or Would you mind not doing that.” His job is to help others do housework. The purpose of the activity is to help the poor in these areas. （二）to do不定式之省略to用法 有的动词后接带to的动词不定式作补语；有的动词后接不带to的动词不定式。(help后可以接do 也可以接to do) 1）能以带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask，allow，tell，invite， wish，want， encourage， advise， persuade， order等。 2）用不带to的不定式作宾补的动词有see，hear，watch，notice，observe，listen to，look at，feel，let，have，make等。但是，这类句子变为被动语态时，不定式符号to仍保留。 e.g.: I saw him go into the classroom just now. 但将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号to应加上。 e.g.: We see a lot of boys play basketball in the afternoon. →A lot of boys are seen to play basketball in the afternoon by us. The strict father makes the children do housework every day. →The children are made to do housework by the strict father every day. 【特殊情况】help 动词help比较特殊，后跟不定式作宾语补足语时，既可带to, 也可不带to. e.g.: The boy asked his father to help him (to) work out the problem. （三）疑问词+动词不定式 不定式放在疑问词what, where, which和how之后，此时相当于一个宾语从句。此时要求do的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，或者与主句的宾语一致。 【例题精讲】 例1. I don’t know what to do tomorrow. = I don’t know what I should do tomorrow. 例2.I will tell you how to handle it next time. = I will tell you how you should handle it next time. 考点四 非谓语动词的易错点 常考的后跟动词不定式和动名词搭配的结构 1）后跟动名词的结构有: finish/ keep/ practise/ mind/ enjoy/ spend /suggest/like/love/hate can't stop; can’t help (情不自禁) have difficulty (trouble/problem) be busy +doing sth be worth prefer ...to..../look forward to/be used to (习惯于)/pay attention to/devote...to ... have a good time /have fun; spend time... ; stop/keep/prevent sb. (from) What/How about... agree/learn/ hope /wish/ plan / decide / choose / would like / seem /invite /fail /promise/afford/seem  have/has (no) time... try one's best; can't wait ; + to do sth the first ...; have no choice but....; adj/adv+enough... It's +adj+(for/of sb) +.... It's time...;  There is no need...   但是有一些动词后既可以加动名词做宾语，又可以接动词不定式做宾语，而且两者用法相差甚远： remember to do (记住去做) remember doing (记得做过) forget to do (忘记去做) forget doing (忘记做过) try to do (设法做) try doing (试着做) go on to do (接着做另一事) go on doing (继续做同一事) stop to do (停下来去做) stop doing (停止做) can’t help to do (不能帮助做) can’t help doing (情不自禁做) have sb. do sth.和 have sth. done的区别 1. have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，have可以用let, make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。 The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵们让这个男孩背对着他的父亲站着。 2. have sth. done意为“让某事被（别人）做”，即ask sb. to do sth. 过去分词(done)这个动作由他人（非主语本身）来完成，含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成。 The driver had his car washed once a week. 那位司机每周让人洗一次车。 My hair is too long. I’ll have it cut tomorrow. 我的头发太长了。明天我要请人理发了。 基础巩固 Comment by dell: 题型多样 小题为主 真题+最新模拟题 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1. Children are warned _____________ (not play) on the roads. 2.The government encourages young people who have difficulty _______（find）a job to start their own businesses. 3. The aim of Readers is to share thoughts and feelings by ________(read) wonderful words. 4.— ________(compare) with life in the city, life in the countryside is more comfortable in some ways. 5.— I am sorry to keep you ________(wait) on such a cold morning. — It doesn’t matter. I’ve just arrived. 6. _______(learn) more about the history of Nanjing, you can visit some local museums. 7.I can hear the girl ________ (read) English every morning. That’s why she is good at the subject. 8.—Kate, you look tired. Why not ________(take) a holiday? —Good idea, but I have to finish the work in a week. 9.It is my job _________ (introduce) the film stars from Taiwan on the show. 10.We should think about what we can do _________ (keep) animals and plants from becoming endangered. 11.----Would you mind (帮助) me carry this heavy box to the classroom? ----Of course not. 12.----Lily, why do you like classical music so much? ----Because it can always help me (放松) when I feel stressed. 13.She promised to do all she can ______(help) me but she failed to do that. 14.----Do you think it is worth (connect) my watch to the Internet? ----I’m afraid it isn’t necessary to do so. 15.We must do everything we can (make) our sky more and more blue. 16.When Kitty and her classmates visited Hong Kong Disneyland last May Day, they couldn’t stop (take) photos with Disney characters. 17.Some young people are volunteering to do what they can (help) clean the litter in Zijin Mountain every weekend. 18.Why not (change) the plan since the rain is so heavy? 19.If the whole of our society keeps  (try), we will have more and more blue skies with each passing year. 20.----We are now busy (prepare) for the Senior High School Entrance Examination. ----I see. Just take it easy. 【答案】1.not to play 2. finding 3.reading 4.Compared 5.waiting 6.To learn 7.read 8.take 9.to introduce 10.to keep 11.helping; 12. relax; 13. to help; 14.connecting; 15.to make; 16.taking; 17.to help; 18.change; 19. trying; preparing 二、单项选择 1.﹣Jack，why have you decided Chinese folk music as a course. ﹣To learn more about Chinese culture. A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take 2.---Why doesn’t the surgeon stop ____________ lunch? ---Because he is too busy __________ a dying patient in the operation room. A. to have; to save B. having; to save C. to have; saving D. having; saving 3.Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time _______ her words on paper. A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts 4. The girl students are discussing ______ the walls in the classroom. A. what to paint color B. to paint what color C. which color to paint D. to paint which color 5.---A young man has just borrowed 5,000,000 yuan from a bank to buy a flat. ---That sounds crazy. He will risk ______ everything all at one time. A. lose B. losing C. to lose D. of losing 6.Life is about waiting for the right moment________, because everyone is in his own TIME ZONE. A. acting B. to act C. act D. acts 7. The price of housing in Nanjing is so high that many people can’t afford ________ a flat. A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. buy 8.—Excuse me, can you explain the reason to me again? —Sorry, I know what I want to say but I have difficulty ______ myself clearly. A. express B. to express C. expressing D. to be expressed 9.When you travel abroad, you can hardly avoid products made in China. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. be bought 10.— It’s going to rain tonight. I’m a little worried about Adam. He’s still out. — Why not ______ him a call? A. give B. to give C. giving D. gave 11. ---- Would you like to play table tennis with me? ---- I don’t feel like it. I would rather __________ at home and watch TV. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed 12. ----I hope to take the DIY course at weekends. ----Good idea. ______ more about it, visit the website. A. Know B. Knew C. Knowing D. To know 13 . The ORBIS doctors did everything the girl with eye problems. A. save B. saved C. to save D. saving 14.—Would you like ____ or shall we go by bus? — I prefer ___, but we have to take a taxi, for time is short. A. walking; to walk B. to walk; walking C. to walk; to walk D. walk; walk 15.Each of us is looking forward ___a good result. Let's do it more carefully. A. to get B. for getting C. to getting D. getting 16.Tony used to to school, but he is used to to school now. A. walk; taking a bus B. walked; take a bus C. walk; take a bus D. walking; to take a bus 17.—Dad, why must I stop ______ computer games? —For your health, my boy. A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing 18.It is difficult _____ them ____ the charity walk without team spirit. A. for; to finish   B. of; to finish            C. for; finishing   D. of; finishing 19.The boy is often heard in the music room. He sings very well. A. practice singing B. to practice singing C. practiced singing D. practicing singing 20.Tom often makes his brother __but yesterday he was made____ by his brother. A. cry; to cry B. to cry; cry C. cry; cry D. to cry; to cry 21.The thief was noticed _____the office building by the back door on the screen. A. enter B. enter into C. to enter D. to enter into 22. How kind you are! You always do what you can_________ me. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps 23.— I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? —I haven’t decided where ________. A. go B. went C. going D. to go 24.—Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ get to the nearest post office? —Sorry, I am new here. A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can 25.I haven’t decided when ________ a holiday yet. A. took B. taking C. to take D take 26.The old lady didn't know _________ when the house caught fire. A. how to do       B. how to do it        C. what to do         D. what to do it 【答案】DCCCB BBCCA ADCCC ADABA CCDCC C 能力提升 Comment by dell: 题型多样 语篇型为主 真题+最新模拟题 一、完形填空 Cloze 1（2024·云南·中考真题） 从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a small village, there lived a young boy named Ravi. He was always glad to lend a helping hand. One day, he saw a wounded ___11___ lying on the ground with a broken wing (翅膀). It was unable to ___12___. Filled with worry, Ravi picked up the bird and carefully bandaged (包扎) up its wing. He provided food and water ___13___ it. Days turned into weeks, and the bird became better and better. It was ___14___ ready to fly again.  As Ravi watched the bird flying higher and higher in the ___15___, he felt a deep sense of happiness and realized he could have a great influence on the lives of others. So he began to do a lot, including feeding homeless animals and visiting ___16___ people. His kindness spread throughout the village, encouraging people to follow his example.  Years passed, and Ravi ___17___ to be a beloved (深受喜爱的) member of the community. His simple deeds (行为) ___18___ the village into a place full of love and care.  Our acts, no matter how ___19___, can make a difference. ___20___ kindness is spread around, we will have the power to create a better world. 11. A. ant B. bee C. bird D. butterfly 12. A. see B. fly C. eat D. drink 13. A. for B. by C. from D. about 14. A. widely  B. hardly C. strangely    D. happily 15. A. sky B. lake C. box D. house 16. A. rich B. sick C. strict D. wise 17. A. got up    B. gave up C. grew up    D. woke up 18. A. cut        B. divided C. poured    D. changed 19. A. brave       B. small C. terrible     D. dangerous 20. A. If B. Before C. Unless D. Although 【答案】11.C    12. B    13. A    14. D    15. A     16. B    17. C    18. D    19. B    20. A 【解析】拉维偶然救了一只受伤的鸟，经过他细心照顾，鸟儿重新飞上天空，这让拉维意识到小的善举也能产生影响，于是拉维常常帮助有需要的人。这个故事告诉我们，传播善举就能使世界变得更美好。 （11）考查名词。句意：一天，他看见一只受伤的鸟躺在地上，翅膀折断了。A.蚂蚁；B.蜜蜂；C.鸟；D.蝴蝶。根据Ravipickedupthebird （拉维捡起这只鸟）可知，一只受伤的鸟儿躺在地上。故选C。 （12）考查动词。句意：它不能飞。A.看见；B.飞；C.吃；D.喝。根据with a brokenwing（翅膀折断了），可知它不能飞。故选B。 （13）考查介词。句意：他为它提供食物和水。A.为了；B.通过某种方式；C.从；D.关于。providesth.forsb.为某人提供某物，固定搭配。故选A。 （14）考查副词。句意：它开心地做好了再次飞行的准备。A.广泛地；B.几乎不；C.奇怪地；D.开心地。根据readytoflyagain（做好了再次飞行的准备）可知，能够再飞，鸟儿是开心的。故选D。 （15）考查名词。句意：当拉维看到这只鸟在天空中飞得越来越高时，他感到了深深的幸福感，并意识到自己可以对他人的生活产生巨大影响。A.天空；B.湖；C.盒子；D.房子。根据flyinghigherandhigher （飞得越来越高）可知是在太空中飞得越来越高。故选A。 （16）考查形容词。句意：所以他开始做很多事情，包括喂养无家可归的动物和探访生病的人。A.富有的；B.生病的；C.严格的；D.聪明的。根据 realizedhecouldhave a greatinfluenceonthelivesofothers（意识到自己可以对他人的生活产生巨大影响）可知，拉维开始做很多善举，包括探访生病的人。故选B。 （17）考查动词短语。句意：几年过去了，拉维成长为了社区中受人爱戴的一员。A.起床；B.放弃；C.成长；D.醒来。根据...tobe a belovedmemberofthecommunity（成为社区中受人爱戴的一员）可知，成长为受人爱戴的一员。故选C。 （18）考查动词。句意：他的简单行为把村子变成了一个充满爱和关怀的地方。A.切，砍；B.分成；C.倾倒；D.改变。根据...thevillageinto a placefullofloveandcare（把村庄.....一个充满爱和关怀的地方）可知，此处用change...into...表示"把......变成......"。故选D。 （19）考查形容词。句意：我们的行为无论多小，都能产生影响。A.勇敢的；B.小的；C.可怕的；D.危险的。根据canmake a difference（能产生影响）可知，无论多小的行为都能产生影响。故选B。 （20）考查连词。句意：如果善良被四处传播，我们将有力量创造一个更美好的世界。A.如果；B.在之前；C.除非；D.虽然。根据...kindnessisspreadaround，wewillhavethepowertocreate a betterworld.（......善良被四处传播，我们将有力量创造一个更美好的世界。）可知，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 Cloze 2（2024·安徽·中考真题） 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. A Pets aren’t just a fun member of the family. They are also good for your health and happiness.  People with pets are more likely (可能的) to be ____11____.  Playing with a cat or taking a dog for daily ____12____ around the garden gets you moving your body, and out in the fresh air too.  Spending time with your pet helps you get ____13____.  Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable and helps you feel ____14____. When you’re with your pet you can let go of problems ____15____ you give them your full attention.  Having an animal in the family helps you learn new ____16____, like how to teach them to understand orders, such as “Sit” or “Lie down”. ____17____ games to play with them allows you to practice being creative. Learning how to ____18____ pets, understanding what they want and making sure that they live ____19____, teaches you to understand others’ feelings. Pets can also help you get to know other dog owners on walks, or help you become ____20____ with them when you tell funny stories about your pets. 11. A. active     B. careful C. useful     D. modern 12. A. tests B. talks C. showers D. walks 13. A. tired        B. touched  C. relaxed    D. bored 14. A. prouder    B. better C. wiser        D. cuter 15. A. even if B. as C. as if D. unless 16. A. skills    B. languages C. cultures   D. spirits 17. A. Watching    B. Attending C. Inventing     D. Winning 18. A. wake up     B. search for C. depend on    D. look after 19. A. quietly     B. happily C. lazily       D. busily 20. A. friends     B. relatives  C. trainers     D. members 【答案】11. A    12. D    13. C    14. B    15. B     16. A    17. C    18. D    19. B    20. A 【解析】短文说的是宠物不仅为家庭带来乐趣，还有益于健康和幸福。与宠物共度时光能减轻压力，向宠物倾诉烦恼可使人感到舒适，有助于放松心情。全心投入与宠物相处时，可以暂时忘记问题。家中有动物还能教会你新技能，比如训练它们听从指令，与宠物玩耍能激发创造力。学习照顾宠物、理解它们的需求并确保它们生活得好，能让你学会理解他人的感受。宠物还有助于你在遛狗时结识其他宠物主人，或在分享关于宠物的趣事时与人亲近。 （11）考查形容词。句意：养宠物的人可能更活跃。active活跃的；careful认真的；useful有用的；modern现代的。根据"gets you moving your body，and out in the fresh air too."（让你移动你的身体，到外面的新鲜空气中去。）可知，养宠物可以帮助你活动身体，故养宠物的人会更活跃。故选A。 （12）考查动词。句意：每天和猫玩耍或在花园里遛狗可以让你的身体动起来，也可以呼吸到新鲜的空气。tests测试；talks谈话；showers淋浴；walks散步。根据"taking a dog for daily…around the garden"（每天带一只狗…...在花园里转）可知，此处指每天在花园里带着狗散步。故选D。 （13）考查形容词。句意：花时间和你的宠物在一起可以帮助你放松。tired劳累的；touched感动的；relaxed放松的；bored无聊的。根据"Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable"（和你的宠物谈谈你的担忧会让你感觉很舒服）可知，和宠物在一起会让你感到舒服放松。故选C。 （14）考查形容词。句意：与你的宠物谈论你的担忧可以让你感到舒适，并帮助你感觉更好。prouder更骄傲的；better更好的；wiser更明智的；cuter更可爱的。根据"Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable and helps you feel…"（与你的宠物谈论你的担忧可以让你感到舒服，并帮助你感到……）可知，和宠物在一起会让你感到舒服，让你感觉更好。故选B。 （15）考查连词。句意：当你和你的宠物在一起时，你可以把所有的问题都放下，因为你给了它们你的全部注意力。even if即使；as因为；as if好像；unless除非。根据"you can let go of problems…you give them your full attention"（你可以放下问题……全神贯注于它们）可知，和宠物在一起时，因为你把注意力都给了它们，所以你可以把自己的问题全部放下，故用as连接，引导原因状语从句。故选B。 （16）考查名词。句意：家里有一只动物可以帮助你学习新技能，比如如何教它们理解命令，比如"坐下"或"躺下"。skills技能；languages语言；cultures文化；spirits精神。根据"like how to teach them to understand orders…"（比如如何教他们理解命令……）可知，养宠物可以帮助你学习新技能，下文介绍了一些技能。故选A。 （17）考查动词。句意：发明游戏和他们一起玩可以让你练习创造性。Watching观看；Attending参加；Inventing发明；Winning赢得。根据"allows you to practice being creative"（允许你练习创造力）可知，发明一些可以和宠物玩的游戏可以让你锻炼创造力。故选C。 （18）考查短语。句意：学习如何照顾宠物，了解它们想要什么，并确保它们快乐地生活，教会你理解别人的感受。wake up醒来；search for搜寻；depend on依靠；look after照顾。根据"Learning how to…pets，understanding what they want and making sure that they live…"（学习如何…...养宠物，了解它们想要什么，并确保它们能活下去…...）可知，此处指了解宠物的需求，学习如何照顾它们。故选D。 （19）考查副词。句意：学习如何照顾宠物，了解它们想要什么，并确保它们快乐地生活，教会你理解别人的感受。quietly安静地；happily快乐地；lazily懒惰地；busily忙碌地。根据"Learning how to…pets，understanding what they want and making sure that they live…"（学习如何…...养宠物，了解它们想要什么，并确保它们能活下去…...）可知，此处指了解宠物的需求，确保宠物能够快乐生活。故选B。 （20）考查名词。句意：宠物还可以帮助你在散步时认识其他养狗的人，或者在你讲宠物的趣事时帮助你和他们成为朋友。friends朋友；relatives亲戚；trainers教练；members成员。根据"Pets can also help you get to know other dog owners"（宠物也可以帮助你认识其他的狗主人）可知，此处指养宠物会帮助你与其他宠物主人结交，成为朋友。故选A。 B Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is magic to me. My interest in it came from my ____21____. Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life was seriously influenced. I ____22____ many different methods. However, none of them ____23____. Luckily, I met with a doctor of TCM during my trip in China. He advised me to take some Chinese medicine. So I did. To my surprise, my ____24____ was gone within a week.  Later, I found that TCM could be of great help to some ____25____ lasting for a long time, such as sleeping problems or physical pains. The ____26____ methods in TCM also took my wife’s interest. With her ____27____, I’m running a website to introduce TCM. I want to help people understand that if they have some ____28____ problems, they can try TCM.  All these experiences with TCM led me to ____29____ ancient Chinese philosophy (哲学), for many of TCM ideas, such as yin and yang, and qi, were ____30____ inspired (启发) by it. Since then, I have stepped onto the road to learning about Chinese culture. 21. A. habit      B. education C. service    D. experience 22. A. reported B. tried C. kept D. taught 23. A. worked    B. started C. failed      D. appeared 24. A. wealth B. courage C. chance D. pain 25. A. illnesses    B. hobbies C. projects      D. abilities 26. A. expensive   B. helpful C. social          D. blind 27. A. check B. worry C. support D. doubt 28. A. health B. food C. family D. job 29. A. drop B. write C. study D. create 30. A. recently     B. rapidly C. suddenly    D. directly 【答案】21. D    22. B    23. A    24. D    25. A     26. B    27. C    28. A    29. C    30. D 【解析】短文主要讲述了作者因长期头痛尝试多种方法无效后，通过中医治疗一周内痊愈的经历。这激发了作者对中医的兴趣，并发现中医对于一些长期问题如睡眠障碍或身体疼痛有很大帮助。作者和他的妻子对此深感兴趣，并开设了一个网站来介绍中医。这些经历促使作者深入研究中国古代哲学，因为中医的许多理念都源自于此，从而开启了他学习中国文化的道路。 （21）考查名词。句意：多年前，我经常头痛，生活受到严重影响。habit习惯；education教育；service服务；experience经历。根据"Years ago，I often had headaches，and my life was seriously influenced"（几年前，我经常头痛，我的生活受到严重影响）以及下文可知，这是介绍作者的经历，故选D。 （22）考查动词。句意：我尝试了许多不同的方法。reported报告；tried尝试；kept保持；taught教。根据"...many different methods.However，none of them "（......许多不同的方法。然而，他们都没有）可知，作者尝试了很多不同的方法治疗头痛，故选B。 （23）考查动词。句意：然而，它们都不起作用。worked起作用；started开始；failed失败；appeared出现。根据"However，none of them..."（然而，他们都没有......）可知，这些方法都不起作用，故选A。 （24）考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，我的疼痛在一周内消失了。wealth财富；courage勇气；chance机会；pain痛苦。根据"He advised me to take some Chinese medicine."（他建议我吃一些中药。）可知，作者看了中医后，头痛消失了，故选D。 （25）考查名词。句意：后来，我发现中医对一些长期的疾病有很大的帮助，比如睡眠问题或身体疼痛。illnesses疾病；hobbies爱好；projects项目；abilities能力。根据"such as sleeping problems or physical pains"（如睡眠问题或身体疼痛）可知，这些都属于长期疾病，故选A。 （26）考查形容词。句意：中医有用的方法也引起了我妻子的兴趣。expensive昂贵的；helpful有帮助的；social社会的；blind盲的。根据"took my wife's interest"（引起了我妻子的兴趣）结合上文介绍作者的头痛在中医的帮助下治好了可知，这种方法是有用的，故选B。 （27）考查动词。句意：在她的支持下，我经营了一个介绍中医的网站。check检查；worry担心；support支持；doubt怀疑。根据"took my wife's interest"（引起了我妻子的兴趣）可知，作者的妻子支持作者，故选C。 （28）考查名词。句意：我想帮助健康的人明白，如果他们有问题，他们可以尝试中医。health健康；food食物；family家庭；job工作。根据"they can try TCM"（他们可以试试中医）可知，有健康问题可以尝试中医，故选A。 （29）考查动词。句意：所有这些中医的经历促使我学习中国古代哲学，因为中医的许多思想，如阴阳和气，都是直接受到它的启发。drop掉落；write写；study学习；create创造。根据"ancient Chinese philosophy （哲学）"（中国古代哲学）可知，作者开始学习中国古代哲学，故选C。 （30）考查副词。句意：所有这些中医的经历促使我学习中国古代哲学，因为中医的许多思想，如阴阳和气，都是直接受到它的启发。recently最近；rapidly快速地；suddenly突然地；directly直接地。根据"for many of TCM ideas，such as yin and yang，and qi，were ...inspired（启发） by it."（因为中医的许多观点，如阴阳和气，都是...受其启发。）可知，中医的许多思想都会直接受到中国古代哲学的启发，故选D。 二、单词拼写和选词填空（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题） 31. Stop ______ (推) and just wait for your turn. 【答案】pushing 【解析】句意：别推了，等着轮到你。push“推”，动词。stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”，stop doing sth.“停止正在做的某事”。此处指不要再推了，应用动名词作宾语。故填pushing。 32. It’s important to learn from ______ (错误) and become stronger. 【答案】mistakes 【解析】句意：从错误中吸取教训并变得更强大是很重要的。mistake“错误”，可数名词，此处用其复数形式表泛指，作介词from的宾语。故填mistakes。 35. You need a good sense of b______ to ride a bicycle. 【答案】(b)alance 【解析】句意：你骑自行车需要有良好的平衡感。根据首字母及“to ride a bicycle”可知，骑自行车需要平衡感。a sense of balance“平衡感”。故填(b)alance。 36. Tiger Hill c______ an area of about 14, 100 square metres and is 36 metres high. 【答案】(c)overs 【解析】句意：虎山占地约14100平方米，高36米。根据首字母及“an area of about 14, 100 square metres”可知，此处指虎丘山的占地面积。cover“覆盖”，动词，cover an area of“占地多少”。句子陈述事实，是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(c)overs。 38. As the host city, Suzhou will m______ to make the 2026 ISF Football World Cup a great success. 【答案】(m)anage 【解析】句意：作为主办城市，苏州将努力使2026年国际足球联合会世界杯取得圆满成功。根据“Suzhou will m... to make the 2026 ISF Football World Cup a great success.”可知，此处是指设法使2026年国际足球世界杯取得巨大成功，manage to do sth“设法做某事”，will后跟动词原形。故填(m)anage。 请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 speed since plenty of pollute such as Frogs are an environmental warning system. They have skin which takes in whatever is in the environment. This means that if the environment is ____39____, a frog’s skin takes in the pollution and the frog dies. For this reason, if there’s something wrong in the environment, frogs are the first to die. If there are ____40____ frogs, it’s a good sign that the environment is healthy. Frog numbers around the world have been dropping at a faster ____41____ in recent years than ever before. Up to 200 kinds of frogs have died out ____42____ 1980. This is a disaster. Frogs are needed in the food chain as food for animals like snakes, birds and fish. Frogs are also needed in the food chain to eat insects ____43____ grasshoppers. The world needs frogs. 【答案】39. polluted 40. plenty of 41. speed 42. since 43. such as 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青蛙可以作为一种环境预警系统以及青蛙在食物链中的重要作用。 【39题详解】 句意：这意味着，如果环境被污染，青蛙的皮肤吸收了污染，青蛙就会死亡。根据“if the environment is…, a frog’s skin takes in the pollution and the frog dies”及备选词汇可知，此处指如果环境被污染，那么青蛙皮肤也会受到污染。pollute“污染”，动词。此处指环境被污染，是被动语态，动词用其过去分词形式。故填polluted。 【40题详解】 句意：如果有很多青蛙，这是环境健康的一个好迹象。根据“If there are…frogs, it’s a good sign that the environment is healthy.”及备选词汇可知，如果存在很多青蛙，说明环境很健康。plenty of“很多的”符合语境。故填plenty of。 【41题详解】 句意：近年来，世界各地的青蛙数量以前所未有的速度下降。根据“Frog numbers around the world have been dropping at a faster…”及备选词汇可知，此处指青蛙的数量以更快的速度下降。speed“速度”符合语境。故填speed。 【42题详解】 句意：自1980年以来，多达200种青蛙已经灭绝。根据“Up to 200 kinds of frogs have died out…1980.”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少介词，指自1980年以来，很多种青蛙已灭绝。since“自从”符合语境。故填since。 【43题详解】 句意：食物链中也需要青蛙来吃蝗虫等昆虫。根据“Frogs are also needed in the food chain to eat insects…grasshoppers”及备选词汇可知，此处是举例青蛙可以吃的昆虫，故such as“例如”符合语境。故填such as。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 15 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$