第03讲 名词（讲义）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（江苏专用）

第03讲 名词 目录 知识导图·思维引航 考点突破·考法探究 考点一 可数名词 （一）可数名词的复数变形规则 （二）“单复同形”和“某国人”的复数表达 考点二 不可数名词 （一）不可数名词分类 （二）不可数名词数量表达 考点三 名词后缀和词性转换 （一）名词各种后缀 （二）动词转化为名词 （三）形容词转化为名词 考点四 名词所有格 （一）of所有格和's所有格 （二）双重所有格 分层训练·巩固提升 基础巩固 能力提升 考点一 可数名词 名词的基本概念 （1）普通名词是指表示某一类人或事物或表示一个抽象概念的名称的名词。 例如：worker, boy, machine等。 （2）专有名词是指表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等专有名称的名词。专有名词第一个字母要大写。 例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China, the Great Wall, the United States, police, hospital, family等。 1）可数名词的单数 可数名词的单数形式前面一般加冠词a或an,表示“一”的概念。 构成 例词 特别提示 以辅音音素开头的名词前加a a computer 一台电脑 a university 一所大学 有时可以在名词前加one, each, every, another 表示“一”的概念。 如：each book 每一本书；every day 每一天 以元音音素开头的名词前加an an hour 一个小时 an idea 一个想法 【注意】单数名词前面加a 还是an，主要是看单词的第一个字母的发音，而不是看构成单词的第一个字母。 例如：a useful tool 一个有用的工具 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an hour 一个小时 an honest girl 一个诚实的女孩 a UFO 一个不明飞行物 an NBA player 一个NBA的运动员 2）可数名词的复数 情况 构成方法 例词 读音 一般情况 在词尾加 -s desk→desks map→maps -s 在清辅音后发 /s/ day→days girl→girls -s 在元音和浊辅音后发 /z/ 以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词 在词尾加 -es bus→buses box→boxes watch→watches dish→dishes -es 发 /iz/ 音 以辅音字母加 -y结尾的词 变y为i再加 -es family→families factory→factories party→parties -ies 发 /iz/ 音 以元音字母加 -y结尾的词 在词尾加 -s day→days boy→boys key→keys -s 发 /z/ 音 以f或fe结尾的词 多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves knife→knives;  life→lives;  leaf→leaves;  scarf（围巾）→scarves 口诀：树叶半数自己黄，妻子拿刀去杀牛；架后窜出一只狼，就像小偷逃命忙。 解释： leaf（树叶）half（一半） self（自己）wife（妻子）  knife（刀子）calf （小牛） shelf（架子）wolf（狼） thief（小偷）life（生命）  -ves发 /vz/音 以-o 结尾的名词 有生命的加es，无生命的加s negro→negroes hero→heroes tomato→tomatoes  potato→potatoes. 口诀：黑人和英雄吃土豆和西红柿  radio→radios zoo→zoos photo→photos piano→pianos -es 发 /z/ 音 另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多： clothes衣服; shoes 鞋子；sunglasses 太阳镜；shorts短裤; scissors剪刀; glasses眼镜;  trousers长裤 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, goose---geese鹅，mouse(老鼠）-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, ox-oxen(公牛） 口诀：小老鼠爬灯台，偷油吃下不来。 男人当警察，保护妇女跟儿童；英国人的牙咬了法国人的脚； 养了一头日本羊，送给了中国人；养了一头鹿跟鹅，卖给了瑞士人。 名词单复数同形：fish鱼，deer鹿，sheep绵羊,news 新闻，goods 商品，fish，people 人，human人类 口诀：中日警察好友来聚会，鹿、羊、鱼、牛齐齐把家回。 “某国人”的复数有三种类型： （1）Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形，不需加s； （2）Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men； 注意：German的复数是Germans,它的man不是词根，而是由Germany演变过来的。 （3）其他各国人以–an, -ian结尾的均直接加s。如：Americans, Australians, Indians等。 口诀：中日瑞士均不变，英法荷兰都要变，其他”s”加后面。 可数名词的数量表达 可数名词可以借助量词来表达，of后面用名词复数,尤其是成双成对的名词复数。 如：a pair of glasses three pairs of trousers a pair of scissors   a pair of trousers  a pair of socks a pair of gloves a pair of shoes a pair of glasses 可数名词借助量词来表达时要注意：后面虽然用复数，动词要根据前面的量词来决定。 如：There is a box of apples in the car. There are four pairs of shoes under the bed. 可数名词可以借助some, any, a lot of, many等词来修饰。如：some apples，many people, a lot of books等等。 考点二 不可数名词 常用的不可数名词分类： 物质名词 food, meat, fish, chicken, pork, beef, mutton, drink, orange, milk, tea, coke, water, rice, bread，paper, ice, rain, snow, wind, cloud, air, weather等 抽象名词 homework, news, maths, Chinese, English, music, information, fun, work等 不可数名词的数量表达： 不可数名词可以用“数词或冠词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”这样的结构来表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数。 如:一杯牛奶 a cup of milk 三杯咖啡 three cups of coffee 两瓶橘汁two bottles of orange There are five bottles of milk. But there isn't a cup of tea. 可以修饰不可数名词数量的词语还有：some, any, much, a lot of, little, a little等。 考点三 名词后缀和词性转换 名词后缀 -er/-or director导演，farmer农夫，driver司机，visitor参观者 -ese/-an(n) Japanese日本人，American美国人，Indian印度人 -ian musician音乐家，physician内科医生 -ist artist艺术家，pianist钢琴家，dentist牙医 -ment development发展，argument争论，government政府 -ness happiness幸福，coldness寒冷，illness疾病，kindness和蔼 -tion action动作，pollution污染，suggestion建议 -ship friendship友谊，leadership领导 动词转换为名词的常见方式 1)“动词+ion” 例如：pollute→pollution, invent→invention, discuss→ discussion 2)“动词去e+ ation” 例如：invite→invitation，organize→organization 3）“动词+er” 例如: work→worker, teach→teacher, write→writer, speak→speaker, run→runner, win→winner 4)“动词+ or" 例如：invent→inventor, act→actor 5)“动词+ing" 例如：build→building, begin→beginning, paint→painting 6)“动词十ment" 例如：develop→development, amuse→amusement 形容词转换为名词的常见方式 1)“形容词+y" 例如：difficult→difficulty, honest→honesty 2)“形容词词尾t改成ce" 例如：different→difference, important→importance 3)“形容词+ ness" 例如：ill→illness, kind→kindness 4)“形容词+ dom" 例如：free→freedom, wise→wisdom 考点四 名词所有格 (1)在名词词尾加“’s”。主要表示有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的事物以及时间距离等所有格，如：the world's，the Sun's，the Earth's，today's等。 ①单数名词词尾加“'s”，复数名词词尾没有“s”，要加“'s”。 the boy's bag男孩的包 men's shoes男鞋 ②若名词已为复数，词尾又是“s”，只加“’”。 the students' classroom学生们的教室 ③凡不能加“'s”的名词，都可以用“名词+of+名词”的结构来表示所有关系。 the name of the book书的名字 ④在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词。the doctor's医务室 ⑤如果两个名词并列，并且分别有“'s”，则表示“分别有”；只有一个“'s”，则表示“共有”。John's and Mary's rooms约翰的和玛丽的房间（两间） John and Mary's room约翰和玛丽的房间（一间） ⑥作为一个整体的短语，一般在最后一个名词的词尾加“'s”。 an hour and a half's walk 一个半小时的步行路程 ⑦不定代词后接else，所有格放在else上。 somebody else's bag某人的包 ⑧起修饰作用的名词，如不表示所有关系，通常不用“'s”。 room number房间号码 ⑨用belong to表示所有： sth. belong(s) to sb. = sth. is sb’s This book belongs to Lily. =This book is __Lily’s___ (2)另外一种所有格是由介词of加名词构成的名词短语。 ①表示所有关系的用of介词短语。 The students of our school come from the countryside.我们学校的学生来自农村。 ②表示同位关系的用of介词短语。 the city of Beijing北京城 ③表示部分或全部的用of介词短语。 the door of the room房间的门 ④表示抽象概念的用of介词短语。 the cost of success成功的代价 (3)双重所有格 a friend of mine我的一位朋友 an old friend of my father’s 我爸爸的一位老朋友 a friend of Tom’s 汤姆的一位朋友 Do you know any friend of my husband's? 你认识我丈夫的任何一个朋友吗？ Two classmates of my sister's will come to see me.我姐姐的两个同学将来看望我。 基础巩固 Comment by dell: 题型多样 小题为主 真题+最新模拟题 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1. There are lots of ____ (tomato) in the basket on the table. 2. Whose ____ ( photo) are these? 3. The cat caught two ____ (mouse) last night. 4. Jack went to have two ____ (tooth) pulled out yesterday afternoon. 5. There is some ____ (rice) in the bag. 6. There are two new ____ (shelf) in my study. 7. Many ____ (foreigner) come to visit Beijing every year. 8. The shop sells many _____(hat). 9. The _____ (German) are flying to Beijing for their holiday. 10. All these _____ (thief) have been caught. 11. I hope the _____(friend) between us will last forever. 12. There are three _____(car) factories in my hometown. 13. The people _____(be) looking for a lost boy. 14. There _____(be) two glasses of tea on the table. 15. Here ______(be) some flowers and some money for you. 【答案】 1. tomatoes 2. photos 3. mice 4. teeth 5. rice 6. shelves 7. foreigners 8. hats 9. Germans 10. thieves 11. friendship 12. car 13. are 14. are 15. are 二、单词拼写 1. Can you give me some _____(建议) about how to learn English? 2. In fact, _____(物理) is very interesting. 3. May I ask you some ______(问题)? 4. Different people have different _____(爱好). 5. You can look for the _____(信息) about Shanghai Expo on the Internet. 6. They are raising (筹集) m_____ for the charity. 7. S_____ is the first day in a week. 8. It’s a good habit to brush our t_____ every day. 9. Please close the d_____. It’s cold outside. 10. There are many m____ doctors in this hospital. 【答案】 1. advice 2. physics 3. questions 4. hobbies 5. information 6. money 7. Sunday 8. teeth 9. door 10. Men 三、单项选择 1.That’s my _________. A. brother’s and sister’s bike B. brother and sister’s bike C. brother’s and sister’s bikes D. brother’s and sister’s bike 2. This is not my dictionary. It’s ________. She lent it to me this morning. A. my sister B. my sisters C. my sister’s D. my sisters 3. It takes me ____walk to go to school. A. five minutes’ B. five minute’s C. five minutes D. five minute 4. The hospital is a bit far from here. It's about ______. A. forty minute's walk B. forty minute's walk C. forty minutes walk D. forty minutes' walk 5. ______ mothers can’t come to the meeting because they have gone to Dalian. A. Sally’s and Jane B. Sally and Jane’s C. Sally’s and Jane’s D. Sally’ and Jane’s 6. The _____ Park will open next week. A. Children's B. Childrens' C. Children D. Childrens 7. The man saved three ____lives in the accident. A.children’s B.children C.child D.childs' 8．My father will have many _________on this farm. A.sheep    B.sheeps   C.sheep’ D.sheep’s 9.--Where were you last Sunday? --I went to Nanjing with __________ friend. A. Lucy B. Lucy ’s C. Lucys’ D. Lucys 10．This is ____________ bedroom. A. Ted and Ben   B. Ted’s and Ben   C. Ted and Ben’s   D. Ted’s and Ben’s 11．The room on the right is ________. A. her   B. she     C. Lucy’s    D. Lucy 12．Whose bike is it ? It’s ____________. A. John    B. John’s     C. Johns’     D. Johns 13．I’ll give you ________to finish the work. OK. A. two week’s time     B. two weeks’ time C. two week time D. two weeks time 14．________ desk is the cleanest in the classroom. A. Ann’s and Tom     B. Ann and Tom’s     C. Ann and Tom     D. Ann’s and Tom’s 15．My pen is black. _________ is blue. A. Kates     B. Kate C. Kate’s D. Kate’ 16．Is this your room?  No, it’s _________room. A. the children B. the children’s C. of the children D. the childrens’ 【答案】BCADC A AABC CBBBC B 能力提升 Comment by dell: 题型多样 语篇型为主 真题+最新模拟题 一、阅读理解 （2024·安徽·中考真题） C During their busy lives, people do not pay much attention to the expiry dates (有效期) on the food in their fridges. As a result, a lot of food is forgotten about and wasted. However, according to a recent research, being aware of (意识到) what you throw away can help you waste less. The researchers measured (计量) food waste from 154 families across the UK. Half of these families in the research were asked to list the fruits and vegetables they had bought and their expiry dates. The families stuck the list on the fridge door and received a text message every day telling them to check it. The other half did not have to make a list and did not receive text messages. Over a six-week period, all the families were asked to measure their food waste at the end of each week.  The researchers were surprised to find that making lists and getting texts made little difference to how much food was wasted. However, each family in the research wasted less food—about 0.1 kilo a week.  The researchers carried on the research for six months, and found that all the families continued to waste less food. This shows that just measuring food waste encourages people to pay closer attention to it and throw less away. 43. What does the underlined word “ it ” in paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)? A. The research. B. The list. C. The door. D. The message. 44. What is introduced in paragraph 3 about the six-week research? A. Its purpose. B. Its method. C. Its steps. D. Its results. 45. Which of the following is the best title (标题) for the text? A. Measure Food Waste to Stop It B. Pay Attention to What You Buy C. Check the Food Before Storing It D. Give Thought to Your Busy Life 【答案】43. B    44. D    45. A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项关于减少食物浪费的研究。 1．推理判断题。根据“The families stuck the list on the fridge door and received a text message every day telling them to check it.”可知，这些家庭把食物清单贴在冰箱门上，并且被要求每天检查。故此处it指代上文中提到的“清单”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。通读第三段可知，本段主要介绍了研究的结果。故选D。 3．最佳标题题。根据“This shows that just measuring food waste encourages people to pay closer attention to it and throw less away.”及全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于食物浪费的研究，研究发现，只要监测食物浪费情况就可以减少食物的浪费，故文章最佳标题是“Measure Food Waste to Stop It”。故选A。 D If you get angry many times in a day, it is time for you to think about how to deal with it. Here are some of my suggestions.  When you are angry, try to tell yourself through another voice that you are angry and that it is not a bad thing. It just shows that you have different ideas. Accept that many things are not 100% right or wrong. In our communication with others, the final purpose is not to decide who is right and who is wrong, but to look for something in common.  If you still feel strong anger, try taking a deep breath (呼吸) and let anger out of your body along with the breath. Don’t say angry words when you are very angry, for you will regret saying them when you cool down.  Discussing with a third party is helpful. It is hard for the two parties in anger to understand each other, but the idea of an outsider can help both parties to get mutual (相互的) understanding.  Anger is just one of the many emotions (情绪) that make us human, and to well manage it adds to our ability to truly understand the world. 46. What is the final purpose of communication with other people? A. To show different ideas. B. To look for something in common. C. To accept useful suggestions. D. To decide whether one is right or not. 47. What does the writer advise us to do when we can’t cool down? A. Say angry words. B. Try taking a deep breath. C. Control our voices. D. Stop talking with others. 48. What does the underlined word “party” in paragraph 4 mean? A. An activity. B. A visitor. C. A person. D. A meeting. 49. What is the text mainly about? A. How to manage anger. B. How to show feelings. C. How to deal with regrets. D. How to understand the world. 【答案】46. B    47. B    48. C    49. A 【解析】本文主要介绍了如何处理生气这种情绪。 46．细节理解题。根据“the final purpose is not to decide who is right and who is wrong, but to look for something in common”可知，最终目的不是决定谁对谁错，而是寻找共同之处。故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据“If you still feel strong anger, try taking a deep breath (呼吸) and let anger out of your body along with the breath. ”可知，应该要深呼吸，故选B。 48．词义猜测题。根据“but the idea of an outsider can help both parties to get mutual (相互的) understanding.”可知，局外人的想法可以帮助双方获得相互理解，所以这里指的是第三方人，故选C。 49．主旨大意题。根据“If you get angry many times in a day, it is time for you to think about how to deal with it. Here are some of my suggestions.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何处理生气这种情绪。故选A。 E Dennis Hong and his students design (设计) human-like robots. This includes a cooking robot called Project YORI. YORI is only the latest of Hong’s robot inventions. There’s DAVID, the world’s first and only car that can be driven by the blind. And SAFFiR, a two-legged robot that can do dangerous work that humans are often unable to do. Hong is finding plenty of work for his robots.  When he was asked about his biggest success Hong chose the robot called DARwIn-OP. He thought it was one of the most widely used human-like robots for research and education. Hong’s team made DARwIn’s design free for anyone to use. They have seen many projects using the design. And they consider it a gift to the robotics community.  “Many people only want to see our successes and not the failures that came before those, but failure is simply a stepping stone in developing new technology. If you’re too afraid of failure, then you only get to walk on the safer side, and then there’s no innovation (创新),” said Hong. “I tell my students to try breaking the robot. If the robot doesn’t fall and doesn’t break, we don’t get to learn anything.” 50. Which robot is the most recent invention by Dennis Hong’s team? A. YORI. B. DAVI. C. SAFFiR. D. DARwIn-OP. 51. What is special about DARwIn according to the text? A. Its technology is the latest. B. It is a popular robot for the blind. C. It is the first human-like robot. D. Its design is free for anyone to use. 52. What does Dennis Hong encourage his students to do? A. Walk on the safer side. B. Do more for education. C. Keep trying and learning. D. Avoid making mistakes. 【答案】50. A    51. D    52. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了丹尼斯·洪和他的学生设计的类人机器人。 (50)题详解： 细节理解题。根据“Dennis Hong and his students design (设计) human-like robots. This includes a cooking robot called Project YORI.”可知，YORI是丹尼斯·洪的团队最近发明的。故选A。 (51)题详解： 细节理解题。根据“Hong’s team made DARwIn’s design free for anyone to use.”可知，它的特殊之处在于它的设计对任何人都是免费的。故选D。 (52)题详解： 推理判断题。根据“If you’re too afraid of failure, then you only get to walk on the safer side, and then there’s no innovation (创新)”和“I tell my students to try breaking the robot. If the robot doesn’t fall and doesn’t break, we don’t get to learn anything.”可推断出，丹尼斯·洪鼓励他的学生不断尝试和学习。故选C。 （2024·云南·中考真题） C All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment.  When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗池) and toilets (马桶) that conserve water. As for the materials used to build the building, it is important to use materials that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings.  Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U. S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge "living roof" of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple.  More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 36. What do we know about a green building? A. It is usually painted green outside. B. It uses more materials than other buildings. C. It is designed by famous architects. D. It is built in an environment-friendly way. 37. Why do architects design buildings to use natural light? A. To save energy.  B. To save materials. C. To protect the plants. D. To protect the buildings. 38. What does the underlined word “conserve” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Save. B. Boil. C. Clean. D. Produce. 39. How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 3? A. By asking questions. B. By giving examples. C. By listing numbers. D. By explaining reasons. 40. What can be the best title for the text? A. Designing Buildings B. Going Green C. Recycling Materials D. Using Energy 【答案】DAABB 【解析】本文主要介绍环保建筑在世界各地受到欢迎。 （36）细节理解题。根据第一段A green building is designed （设计） in a way that is not harmful to the environment.The building uses energy，water，and other materials in ways that are good for the environment.（环保建筑的设计对环境无害。建筑使用能源、水和其他材料的方式对环境有益。）可知环保建筑是以一种环保的方式建造的。故选D。 （37）细节理解题。根据第二段There are many ways to save energy.Architects can design buildings to use natural light.（有许多方法解决能源。建筑师可以设计使用自然光的建筑。）可知使用自然光是为了节约能源。故选A。 （38）词义猜测题。根据第二段Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks（洗涤池） and toilets（马桶） that conserve water.（厨房和浴室可以使用节水型水槽和马桶。）可知划线词在此处表示节约。故选A。 （39）推理判断题。根据第三段An office building called CH2 in Melbourne，Australia，uses wind and solar power.（澳大利亚墨尔本一座名为 CH2 的办公楼采用了风能和太阳能。）可知作者通过举例的方式表达观点。故选B。 （40）标题归纳题。根据第一段All around the world，buildings are going green!People are making green buildings.（在世界各地，建筑是环保的。人们都在建造环保建筑。）可知本文主要介绍环保建筑在世界各地受到欢迎。故选B。 二、信息还原（2024·云南·中考真题） 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You may be too busy to notice the wonderful world where you live. Taking time to know your own town or city can help you see it in a new light. With the warm weather outside, now is a good time to go exploring (探索) with a trusted adult. ___41___  ◆Act like a tourist.  Many times, when you live in a place, you never really explore some of the most exciting parts that a visitor might. Start by asking yourself this question: ___42___ Maybe you can visit a historic building, a nice park, or a new ice cream store.  ◆Consider local attractions (景点).  First, do some research online and talk to an adult about where to go. ___43___ A local museum or zoo might have a new exhibit. You might also head to a national park for a hike.  ◆ ___44___  With an adult’s guide, look up walking tours for a whole new way to explore your city. Some cities offer walking tours focused on a theme, like food or local parks. You can also search for free self-guided walking tours in your area.  ◆Take a photography (摄影) walk.   ___45___ Pick a theme for your photos, like special dishes, local waterways, or lovely birds. And at the end of the day, you can look back on all your explorations. A. Find out a guided tour. B. Here is how to get started. C. Go bike riding in a local park. D. Then try to think about which place is the best to explore. E. If I have never been to the town before, when is the best time to explore? F. If my friends came to town for the first time, where would I advise them to go? G. Another way to see where you live with fresh eyes is to go exploring with your camera. 【答案】41. B    42. F    43. D    44. A    45. G 【解析】 （41）细节推理题。根据上文You may be too busy to notice the wonderful world where you live.Taking time to know your own town or city can help you see it in a new light.With the warm weather outside，now is a good time to go exploring with a trusted adult.（你可能太忙了，没有注意到你生活的美好世界。花时间了解自己的城镇或城市可以帮助你从新的角度看待它。外面天气暖和，现在是和一个值得信赖的成年人一起探索的好时机。）可知说的是花时间了解自己的城镇。结合选项可知，应说"以下是如何开始。"符合题意，故选B。 （42）细节推理题。根据上文Start by asking yourself this question：（首先问自己这个问题：）可知说的是问自己问题。结合选项可知，应说"如果我的朋友是第一次进城，我会建议他们去哪里。"符合题意，故选F。 （43）细节推理题。根据小标题Consider local attractions.（考虑当地景点。）和下文First，do some research online and talk to an adult about where to go.（首先，在网上做一些调查，并与成年人讨论去哪里。）可知说的是考虑景点。结合选项可知，应说"然后试着想想哪一个地方是最好的探索之地。"符合题意，故选D。 （44）细节推理题。根据下文With an adult's guide，look up walking tours for a whole new way to explore your city.（在成人导游的指导下，寻找一种全新的方式来探索你的城市。）可知说的是导游的指导。结合选项可知，应说"找一个导游。"符合题意，故选A。 （45）细节推理题。根据小标题Take a photography walk.（进行摄影散步。）和下文Pick a theme for your photos，like special dishes，local waterways，or lovely birds.（为你的照片选择一个主题，比如特色菜肴、当地水道或可爱的鸟类。）可知说的是照片。结合选项可知，应说"另一种用新鲜的眼光看你住的地方的方法是带着相机去探索。"符合题意，故选G。 三、书面表达（2024·云南·中考真题） 你校校刊英语专栏正在开展以“Getting Close to Nature”为题的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文，向专栏投稿，叙述一次你接近自然的经历及感悟（如郊游、研学、劳动实践等），或谈谈接近自然的好处。 要求：  1. 根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80； 2. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 3. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。  ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Getting Close to Nature Nature is the greatest gift of God to human beings. It is the source of our life and the most beautiful scenery in the world. It is very important for us to get close to nature. First of all, getting close to nature can help us to relax. Second, getting close to nature can help us to build a healthy lifestyle. Finally, getting close to nature can help us to appreciate the beauty of nature.  In conclusion, getting close to nature is very important for us. We should take some time to enjoy the beauty of nature and protect the environment. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 15 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$