Unit 1 What's the matter寒假预习教学案 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 1 What’s the matter?重点知识梳理 词性转换 1.n. 脚，足___________——___________（复数） 2.n.胃___________——______________（复数） 3.v.躺；平躺_____________——____________（过去式）——____________（现在分词） 4.v.疼通；受伤___________——____________（过去式） 5.v.打，击____________——_____________（过去式） 6.pron.她(主格)——__________(宾格)——_________(形容词性物主代词)——_________（名词性物主代词）——__________（反身代词） 7.v.呼吸__________——___________(n.呼吸) 8.pron.我们(主格)——__________(宾格)——_________(形容词性物主代词)——_________（名词性物主代词）——__________（反身代词） 9.v.爬_________——__________n.登山者；攀登者 10.v.意思是；打算；意欲___________——___________(过去式)——___________n.意义；意思——______________adj.毫无意义的——_____________adj.有意义的 11.v.决定；下决心__________——____________n.决心；抉择 12.v.死_________——____________（过去式）——____________（现在分词）——__________adj.死的；失去生命的——__________n.死亡；死 13.adj.重要的____________——adj.不重要的____________——n.重要性_____________ 参考答案：1.foot, feet 2.stomach, stomachs 3.lie, lay, lying 4.hurt, hurt 5.hit, hit 6.she, her, her, hers, herself 7.breathe, breath 8.we, us, our, ours, ourselves 9.climb, climber 10.mean, meant, meaning.meaningless, meaningful 11.decide, decision 12.die, died, dying, dead, death 13.important, unimportant, importance 重点短语（汉译英） 人教版八年级下册寒假预习讲义 1. __________________谈论健康问题 2. __________________提建议 3. __________________发烧 4. __________________咳嗽 5. __________________ 患（重）感冒 6.__________________牙疼 7. __________________患嗓子疼 8. __________________说得太多 9. __________________喝足够的水 10.__________________ 胃疼 11. __________________背疼 12.__________________躺下来休息 13.________________喝加蜂蜜的热茶 14. __________________看牙医 15.__________________ 拍X光片 16. __________________量体温 17. _____________在伤口上面敷药 18. ________________ 割伤某人自己 19. __________________ 感到很热 20. __________________患头疼 21. __________________整个周末 22. _______________以同样的方式 23. __________________ 休息 24. __________________ 看医生 25.__________________拯救一位老人 26. __________________沿着……走 27. __________________在马路边 28. _________________ 大声呼救 29. __________________没有多想 30. __________________ 下车 31. __________________有心脏病 32. __________________ 使某人惊讶 33. _______________ 多亏了；由于 34.__________________及时 35. __________________ 挽救生命 36. ________________撞了一位老人 37. __________________惹麻烦 38. __________________立刻；马上 39. __________________由于…… 40. __________________从……出来 41. __________________受伤 42. __________________摔倒 43. _______________用绷带包扎…… 44. _______________ 在水流下冲洗 45. __________________流鼻血 46. _______________ 割伤他的膝盖 47. ______________把你的头向后仰 48. __________________伤到了后背 49.__________________ 头部挨打 50. __________________ 呼吸困难 51. __________________被球击中 52. __________________ 晒伤 53. __________________登山运动 54. ______________ 作为一名登山者 55. __________________ 习惯做某事 56.__________________ 习惯于冒险 57. __________________ 用完;用尽 58. __________________以便 59. ____________ 如此… …以至于… 60. __________________掌管;管理 61. __________________在困境中 62. __________________ 丧命 63. _______________切除半边右臂 64. ______________给他自己包扎 65. ___________ 继续或坚持做某事 66. __________________的重要性 67. __________________做出决定 68. __________________ 冒险 69. __________________放弃 70. ______________ 遇到严重的意外 71. __________________ 去爬山 重点短语 (英译汉) 1. talk about health problems__________________ 2. give advice __________________ 3. have a fever __________________ 4. have a cough __________________ 5. have a (bad) cold __________________] 6. have a toothache __________________ 7. have a sore throat __________________ 8. talk too much __________________ 9. drink enough water __________________ 10. have a stomachache __________________ 11. have a sore back __________________ 12. lie down and rest __________________ 13. drink hot tea with honey __________________ 14. see a dentist __________________ 15. get an X-ray __________________ 16. take one’ s temperature __________________ 17. put some medicine on the cut __________________ 18. cut oneself __________________ 19. feel very hot __________________ 20. have a headache __________________ 21. all weekend __________________ 22. in the same way __________________ 23. take breaks __________________ 24. go to a doctor __________________ 25. save an old man __________________ 26. go along __________________ 27. on the side of the road __________________ 28. shout for help __________________ 39. without thinking twice __________________ 30. get off __________________ 31. have a heart problem __________________ 32. to one’ s surprise __________________ 33. thanks to __________________ 34. in time __________________ 35. save a life __________________ 36. hit an old man __________________ 37. get into trouble __________________ 38. right away__________________ 39. because of+n.\pron. __________________ 40. get out of __________________ 41. hurt oneself __________________ 42. fall down __________________ 43. put a bandage on sth. __________________ 44. run it under water __________________ 45. have a nosebleed __________________ 46.cut his knee __________________ 47. put your head back __________________ 48. hurt his back __________________ 49. get hit on the head __________________ 50. have problems breathing __________________ 51. get hit by a ball __________________ 52. get sunburned __________________ 53. mountain climbing __________________ 54. as a mountain climber __________________ 55. be used to doing sth. __________________ 56. be used to taking risks __________________ 57. run out (of) __________________ 58. so that __________________ 59. so. . . that __________________ 60. be in control of __________________ 61. in a difficult situation __________________ 62. lose one’s life __________________ 63. cut off half his right arm __________________ 64. bandage himself __________________ 65. keep on doing sth. __________________ 66. the importance of __________________ 67. make a decision __________________ 68. take risks __________________ 69. give up __________________ 70. have a serious accident __________________ 71. go mountain climbing__________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 1. What’ s______ ________ ________ you?= What’s ______ ________ ________you)?= What’ s______ ________ you? 你怎么了？ (答案：the, matter, with; the, trouble, with; wrong, with) 2._______ I __________ my _________________? 我应该量一下体温吗？ (答案：Should, take temperature) 3.I think I sat _________ _________ _________ __________ for too long _________ __________. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。(答案：in the same way; without moving) 4.You need to ________ _______ ________ _________ the computer. 你需要远离电脑休息。(答案：take breaks away from) 5.The driver ________ an old man _________ _________ the side of the road. 司机看见一位老人正躺在路边。(答案：saw, lying on) 6. The bus driver, ________ Wang Ping, stopped the bus _______ _________ _________. 司机看见一位老人正躺在路边。 7. But _________ _________ _________, they all _________ _________ go with him. 但是使他吃惊的是，他们都是同意和他一起去。(答案：to his surprise, agreed to) 8.__________ __________ Mr.Wang and the passengers, the man __________ _________ ___________ the doctors __________ __________.(答案：Thanks to, was saved by, in time) 多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人的生命。 9.He has ___________ ____________. 他呼吸困难。(答案：problems breathing) 10.__________ a mountain climber, Aron ________ ________ ________ _________ __________. 作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。(答案：As, is used to taking risks) 11.Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself _________ _________he would not lose________ ____________ blood. 然后他用左臂把自己包扎好，以免失血过多。(答案：so that, too much) 12.His love for________ _________ is _________ __________ he ________ _________ _________mountains even after this experience.(答案：mountain climbing, so great that, keep on climbing) 他是如此酷爱爬山，以至于即使在这次经历之后，他（仍然）继续爬山。 13._________ _________ many times _________ Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 有好多次，阿伦差点因为意外丢掉性命。(答案：There were, when) 14. He was not _________ ________ _________ that day. 他不愿意那天死去。 (答案：ready to die) 重点基础知识讲解 1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？ 【解析】matter/ ' mætə(r)) / n.问题；事情 v.有重大影响；要紧 What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？ 【注】matter 和trouble 为名词， 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj. 不能加the 【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时,与介词with连用。即： What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.? E. g. — What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold. After a time you will get to realize that these things don’t matter. __________ 2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼 3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词 stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 4. much too+ 形容词，意为太...... too much+名词，意为 很多，大量 。 5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=much money 6. need 需要，实义动词 need+名词，需要某物； need to do sth. 需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作 E.g. You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth. 主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：E.g Your dirty clothes need washing. 7. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车 8. trouble n.问题，麻烦 be in trouble遇到麻烦 make trouble 制造麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做......有麻烦。 9. right away=right now=at once，意为 马上 。 10. advice [不可数名词] 建议， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； advise v. 建议；劝告 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise sb. doing sth. 建议做某事 11.【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼 当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加s 当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加s 12. hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤 e.g. He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词，……（部位）疼。 e.g His leg hurt badly. 13. hit （用手或器具）打；击打 e.g The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。 14. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life. E.g. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning. get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作： E.g. It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit. 15. free [形容词]空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的I want to become a free bird. free【动词】使……解脱，得到自由：He could not free his arm. 16. run out用完，用尽 E.g When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。 He run out of all his money last night. 17. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 18. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性） important adj.重要的 unimportant adj.不重要的 19. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision 做决定 ; make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。 20. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中 21. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事， give up (playing) computer games； give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，e.g. Never give up easily. 重点语法讲解 【反身代词】 英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。 数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 【用法】 1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well. 2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn’t quite herself today. 3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。 如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week. 4. 用在某些固定短语当中。 look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt oneself摔伤自己 say to oneself自言自语 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己  【提醒】 1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。 （误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own. 如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。 （误）I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons. 【情态动词should】 与动词原形连用，无人称和数的变化；否定形式在其后加not;变一般疑问句时should前移至主语之前，如 Should I help him with the problem? 我应该帮助他解决这个问题吗？ 1. 表示委婉地提出意见或建议，意为“应该，应当”。如：You should study even harder. 2. 表示义务、责任，意为“应该，应当”。如：You should obey the school rules. 3. 表示命令或要求，语气比较强烈。如：You shouldn’t drive after drinking. 4. 表示预测或可能性。 如：They should arrive before dark. 5. 表示说话人的情感（惊奇、愤怒、失望等）。如：How should I know? 【课后练习】 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1．More and more people begin to realize the_______________ (important) of the food safety. 2．We haven’t made the________(decide) about where to go on vacation. 3．The ________ (dead) of the little girl made her mother very sad. 4．As we all know, a horse has four _____(foot). 5．There are many people _______ (lie)on the beach and enjoying the sunshine now. 6．She didn’t think about ___________ (her), she only thought about helping others. 7．His uncle is a mountain ___________ (climb). 8．We found ___________ (we) in a dangerous situation, what should we do? 9．He has problems ___________ (breathe) when he is swimming. 10．To ___________ (we) surprise, Tom didn’t give up climbing mountains after the accident. 11．I ______________ (lose) my key. I can’t open the door. What should I do? 12．With no friends to talk to, the old man _______________ (feel) lonely from time to time. 13．Do you often stay after school _______________ (chat) with your classmates? 14．Have you ever ______ ( write ) a letter to your parents? 15．The noise was terrible. It made people very ______  (comfortable). 16．It's ______ (polite)to leave without saying "Goodbye" to teachers. 17．Shenzhen is in the ______ ( south) part of China. 18．Jin Yong is one of the oldest __________ (live) writers in China. 19．The famous doctor moved to another flat after he got ______ (marry). 20．—Would you like some bananas? —No, thanks. I ______ (eat)one already. 21．How many ________(kilo) of salt do you need? 22．The man gave ________(blood) to save his sister. 23．Take these new ________(knife) to your brother, Lisa. 24．Bob and Dale both want to be great mountain ________(climb). 25．You can’t move the desk all by ________(your). 26．He can stay there for ten hours without____________(move). 27．She was ill and had to____________(go) to a doctor. 28．You shouldn’t always think about____________(you). 29．We expect____________(visit) the Great Wall one day. 30．He told me____________(not wait) for him. 31．They agreed____________(help) each other. 32．We should give up bad____________(habit). 33．It is____________(importance) to study hard. 34．He can keep on____________(swim) for two hours. 35．They don’t mind____________(climb) the mountain. 36．The old woman has a serious ________ (ill). 37．My brother’s _________ (speak) Chinese is very good. 38．Mr Guo tells us how to improve our _________ (speak). 39．If you want to be healthier, you must take ________ (much) exercise. 40．The boy really needs some conversation _________ (practice). 二、单词拼写 41．The young man gave ________(血) to save a middle school student. 42．Be careful about these ________(刀), Lisa. 43．Those great mountain ________(攀登者) come from America. 44．Where can we go for vacation? I can’t make the ________(决定). 45．He is sad because his grandfather is in danger of ________(死亡). 46．The______(问题，苦恼) is that he doesn’t have enough time to relax. 47．Smoking can increase the_____  (危险) of getting a heart problem. 48．I am not feeling well. I have a ____________(头痛)． 49．I think you should think twice before you make ___________(决定)． 50．A seat belt can help protect passengers in many car ___________(事故)． 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。 51．Yesterday Judy was s________，so she had to go to the hospital. 52．When you shake your head, it usually m ________“no”. 53．As students, we must know the i________of study. 54．He made a d________to give away all his money to help homeless people. 55．Do you have any t________looking after these little kids? 56．--What’s the m_______ with Jenny?—She has a cough and a headache. 57．He is very tired. He s________ lie down and rest. 58．The child has p _______in learning math. 59．I can’t sleep well all the time. Can you give me some a_________? 60．Most people work until they are 60 or 65 years old. Then they retire（退休）and have a lot of f_________ time. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 61．公共汽车抛锚了，所有乘客不得不下车。 The bus broke down and all of the passengers had to ________ ________ it. 62．哪怕是个有经验的医生也能陷入困境。 Even an experienced doctor can also ________ ________ ________. 63．老师让我们马上离开这个快要倒塌的房子。 The teacher asked us to leave the falling house ________ ________. 64．使我惊讶的是，她今天准时到校了。 ________ ________ ________, she arrived at school on time today. 65．不要用你的钢笔敲桌子，你应该为别人着想。 Don’t hit the table with your pen. You ________ ________ ________ others. 66．我们的蜂蜜上周就用完了，请帮我买一些。 Our honey ________ ________ last week. Please help me buy some. 67．他不小心切断了手指。 He was so careless that he ________ ________ his finger. 68．他很勇敢，喜欢冒险。 He is brave and he likes ________ ________. 69．他们最终走出了困境。 They finally ________ ________ ________ the trouble. 70．我发现自己处于困境之中。 I found I was ________ ________ ________ ________. 四、句型转换(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 71．You should drink some water.（改为否定句） You _______ drink _________ water. 72．I have a stomachache.（就画线部分提问） ________ the ________ with you? 73．The film started about two hours ago.（就画线部分提问） _________ did the film_________ ？ 74．Jack has a headache. Have a toothache.（改为选择疑问句） _________Jack have a headache ________ a toothache? 75．She usually watches TV on weekends.（就画线部分提问） _________ does she usually _________ on weekends? 76．What’s wrong with you? (改为同义句） What’s _______  ___________ with you? 77．He should put some medicine on it. (改为否定句） He _________ put _______ medicine on it. 78．The reason why people in this area have got serious illness is the terrible weather. (改为同义句) People in this area have got serious illness ___________  ________ the terrible weather. 79．Having a healthy lifestyle is very important.(改为同义句) It is important _________  ___________ a healthy lifestyle. 80．I spend lots of time on my homework.(改为同义句) I spend __________time __________ my homework. 5、 完形填空 Many years ago, when I was working as a 81.______at a hospital,I got to know a little girl named Lisa. The poor little girl had a very serious disease and was 82._____ . The doctor had done his best but no 83.______ really worked. The only chance to nave her seemed to be a blood transfusion(输血)from her five year-old brother. The little boy had the same disease before and had developed the antibodies(抗体)to fight the 84._______. The doctor talked to the little boy about what they planned to do,and asked him if he would be willing(愿意)to give his 85._______ to his sister. I saw him hesitate(迟疑)for a moment. He took n deep breath and said, "Yes. I'll do it if it can save Lisa."As the transfusion was going on. The little boy 86.______quickly in bed next to his sister. He looked at her and smiled all the time. When everything was done and the color returned to his sister's face,his smile disappeared and he looked a little afraid. He looked up at the doctor and asked,"Will I start to die now?” He was 87.________ young to understand the doctor. He thought he would have to give all his blood to his sister,but he 88._______. ( )81. A. nurse B.dentist C. patient ( )82. A. sleeping B.going C. dying ( )83.A.medicine B. water C.food ( )84.A. people B. weakness C.illness ( )85.A.love B.blood C.body ( )86.A.lay B.lie C.laid ( )87.A.so B. too C.such ( )88. A. refused B. received C.agreed 六、阅读理解 请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Now more and more people care about their health. 89._____ Different people may give different answers to this question. In my opinion, it is important to do the following. 90.______ Lots of exercise helps us build a strong body and makes us work better. That is why more and more people are becoming active in different kinds of sports. In the morning many people get up early and take exercise. Some practice running while others walk or dance to music. In the afternoon, there are also many people doing sports. Some play basketball or volleyball. 91.____ Have a healthy diet(饮食). 92.______ We should not eat too much or too little for every meal. We should eat healthy food. We should eat all kinds of green vegetables and fruits. We also need protein(蛋白质) and vitamin. Don't have bad habits(习惯). Bad habits are like smoking and drinking.93.______ Remember to go to bed early and get up early. Plenty of energy is the guarantee(保障) of effective work. All those are my ideas about keeping healthy. If we can do those above, we will become healthier and stronger. A.Take exercise every day. B. But how can we keep healthy? C. Do you have a strong body? D. Others play football or ping-pong. E. They are bad for people's health. F. Overeating or eating too little food is very bad for our health. 七、词语运用 请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。 worry control she mean matter hurt spirit decide find situation do happy Julia was a lovely girl. She had big problems with her eyes. To learn what the 94._________ was, her parents took her to many doctors. When Julia was 10 months old, she had her first surgery(手术).But her 95.___________still wasn't good. Because of her eyes,Julia wasn't able 96.___________her body well. It took her much more time to learn easy things like standing up. By the time she was 15 months old, her parents were 97.__________and sad, because both the surgeries and medicine didn't work. And the doctor 98.___________ out the problem was her corneas(角膜).Julia needed new corneas. Her parents didn't give up hope. One day, Julia's mom found out the information about“artificial(人工的) cornea surgery"on the Internet. 99.___________the surgery might take a risk,but they thought they should have a try for Julia. After making the 100.___________, they took her to the doctor. After the surgery,Julia was able to see. She began walking by 101.__________. She was much 102.__________than before. Her 103.___________and body were much better. “Thanks to the doctor and the surgery, Julia is healthy now,” her mother said. 课后练习参考答案 一、1.importance 2.decision 3.death 4.feet 5.lying 6.herself 7.climber 8.ourselves 9.breathing 10.our 11.lost 12.feels 13.to chat 14.written 15.uncomfortable 16.impolite 17.southern 18.living 19.married 20.have eaten 21.kilos 22.blood 23.knives 24.climbers 25.yourself 26.moving 27.go 28.yourself 29.to visit 30.not to wait 31.to help 32.habits 33.important 34.swimming 35.climbing 36.illness 37.spoken 38.speaking 39.more 40.practice 二、41.blood 42.knives 43.climbers 44.decision 45.death 46.trouble 47.danger 48.headache 49.decisions 50.accidents 51. sick 52.means 53.importance 54.decision 55.trouble 56.matter 57.should 58.problems 59.advice 60.free 三、61.get off 62.be in trouble 63.at once 64.To my surprise 65.should think about 66.ran out 67.cut off 68.taking risks 69.get out of 70.in a difficult situation 四、71.shouldn’t, any 72.What’s, matter/trouble 73.When, start 74.Does, or 75.What, do 76.the matter/trouble 77.shouldn’t, any 78.because of 79.to have 80.much, doing 五、81—85: ACACB 86—88:ABC 六、89—93: BADFE 七、94.matter 95.situation 96.to control 97.worried 98.found 99.Doing 100.decision 101.herself 102.happier 103.spirit $$