内容正文:
英语时间状语从句详解+题目训练
1、 【定义】
名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语等词之后的从句称为宾语从句(即从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.)。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
2、 【重要性】:中高考必考、写作中可用的高级句型。
3、 【连接词】
when(当……时),while(在……期间),as(当……,一边……一边……),before(在……之前),after(在……之后),since(从……以来),till/until(直到),whenever(无论何时),as soon as(一……就)等。
4、 【用法】
1. when, while和as的区别
(1) when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,可以是瞬间动词。
例如:When she came in, I was cooking. 当她进来时,我在做饭。
(2) while引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。并且while有时还可以表示对比。
例如:While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
I like playing football while you like playing basketball.
我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮球。
注:在表示“当...时”,when和while的区别可以简单概括为以下结构:
When+句子,+句子(be doing). = 句子(be doing)+when+句子.
When he came in, I was singing.=I was singing when he came in.
While+句子(be doing), 句子. = 句子+while+句子(be doing).
While I was singing, he came in.=He came in while I was singing.
(3) as表示“一边……一边”,as引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生;as也可以强调“一先一后。
例如:We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。
As we were going out, it began to snow. 当我们出门时,开始下雪了。
2. 由till或until引导的时间状语从句
till和until一般情况下两者可以互换。till不可以用在句首,而until可以放在句首。not ... until...“直到...才...”
例如:I didn't go to bed until(till)my father came back.
直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。
3. 由since引导的时间状语从句
一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。
例如:I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了。
4. 由as soon as引导的时间状语从句
例如:I will call you as soon as I get to the station.
我一到车站就给你打电话。
5、 【时态和位置】
1. 时态:一般来讲,复合句都要遵循主、从句时态呼应规律,状语从句也不例外。即主句用现在时,从句也用现在时;主句用过去时,从句也用过去的某种时态。
例如:You must see the doctor if you are ill. 如果你生病了,你必须去看医生。 When he was seven years old, he could swim.当他七岁时就会游泳。
时态用法可概括为:主将从现:主句用了将来时,从句就要用现在时。
主过从过:主句用了过去时,从句也要用过去时。
2. 位置:大多数情况下,从句可以位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后。不过从句在前时,主从句之间必须用逗号隔开。
例如:Please tell me when he comes back. = When he comes back, please tell me.
题目训练
1. I will call you ____ I arrive at the airport.
· A. as soon as B. while C. until D. before
1. She was reading a book ____ her mother came in.
· A. when B. while C. after D. before
1. ____ he was young, he could play the piano very well.
· A. When B. While C. Since D. Before
1. We’ll go for a picnic ____ it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
· A. if B. until C. while D. after
1. I didn’t go to bed ____ my mother came back.
· A. until B. when C. while D. after
1. He had learned a lot about the city ____ he moved there.
· A. before B. after C. when D. while
1. ____ they were having dinner, the telephone rang.
· A. While B. When C. After D. Before
1. I will wait for you ____ you finish your work.
· A. until B. when C. while D. if
1. ____ she grows up, she wants to be a doctor.
· A. When B. While C. Since D. Before
1. He has made great progress ____ he started to learn English.
· A. when B. while C. since D. before
1. She will go shopping ____ she has time.
· A. when B. while C. if D. until
1. ____ the sun rises, the stars disappear.
· A. When B. While C. Since D. Before
1. They were singing ____ they were walking.
· A. when B. while C. after D. before
1. I was watching TV ____ my sister was doing her homework.
· A. when B. while C. after D. before
1. He didn’t leave ____ the last bus left.
· A. until B. when C. while D. after
1. ____ I got to the station, the train had already left.
· A. When B. While C. Since D. Before
1. She is going to learn French ____ she goes to Paris.
· A. when B. while C. if D. until
1. ____ you study hard, you will pass the exam.
· A. When B. While C. If D. Before
1. I’ll tell him the news ____ I see him.
· A. as soon as B. while C. until D. before
1. We’ll stay at home ____ it rains tomorrow.
· A. if B. until C. while D. after
1. He was writing a letter ____ his mother called him.
· A. when B. while C. after D. before
1. ____ she was a little girl, she liked dancing.
· A. When B. While C. Since D. Before
1. They will start the work ____ they get more workers.
· A. when B. while C. if D. until
1. I’ll be here ____ you need me.
· A. until B. when C. while D. if
1. He was reading a newspaper ____ the doorbell rang.
· A. when B. while C. after D. before
1. ____ we were in Beijing, we visited many places.
· A. When B. While C. Since D. Before
1. She won’t go out ____ she finishes her homework.
· A. until B. when C. while D. after
1. I had a good time ____ I was on holiday.
· A. when B. while C. since D. before
1. ____ he is ill, he can’t go to school.
· A. When B. While C. Since D. Before
1. They will go to the park ____ it is sunny tomorrow.
· A. if B. until C. while D. after
1. He was listening to music ____ his sister was watching TV.
· A. when B. while C. after D. before
1. I’ll write to you ____ I get to Shanghai.
· A. as soon as B. while C. until D. before
1. She has been in this city ____ she was born.
· A. when B. while C. since D. before
1. ____ they come here, we will welcome them.
· A. When B. While C. If D. Before
1. I’ll give you a call ____ I arrive home.
· A. as soon as B. while C. until D. before
答案和解析
1. A;as soon as表示“一……就……”,句意为“我一到达机场就给你打电话”。
1. A;when引导时间状语从句,主句是过去进行时,从句是一般过去时,这里表示“当她妈妈进来的时候她正在看书”。
1. A;when表示“当……时候”,句意为“当他小的时候,他钢琴弹得很好”。
1. A;if表示“如果”,句意为“如果明天不下雨我们就去野餐”。
1. A;not…until…表示“直到……才……”,句意为“直到我妈妈回来我才去睡觉”。
1. A;before表示“在……之前”,句意为“在他搬到那里之前他就已经了解了很多关于这个城市的情况”。
1. A;while表示“当……时候”,强调两个动作同时进行,句意为“当他们正在吃晚饭的时候,电话响了”。
1. A;until表示“直到……”,句意为“我将一直等你直到你完成工作”。
1. A;when表示“当……时候”,句意为“当她长大的时候,她想成为一名医生”。
1. C;since表示“自从”,句意为“自从他开始学英语以来他已经取得了很大的进步”。
1. C;if表示“如果”,句意为“如果她有时间她就会去购物”。
1. A;when表示“当……时候”,句意为“当太阳升起的时候,星星消失了”。
1. B;while表示“当……时候”,强调两个动作同时进行,句意为“他们边走边唱”。
1. B;while表示“当……时候”,强调两个动作同时进行,句意为“我看电视的时候我妹妹在做作业”。
1. A;not…until…表示“直到……才……”,句意为“直到最后一班公交车离开他才离开”。
1. A;when表示“当……时候”,句意为“当我到达车站的时候,火车已经离开了”。
1. A;when表示“当……时候”,句意为“当她去巴黎的时候她打算学习法语”。
1. C;if表示“如果”,句意为“如果你努力学习,你就会通过考试”。
1. A;as soon as表示“一……就……”,句意为“我一看到他就告诉他这个消息”。
1. A;if表示“如果”,句意为“如果明天下雨我们就待在家里”。
1. A;when引导时间状语从句,主句是过去进行时,从句是一般过去时,这里表示“当他妈妈叫他的时候他正在写信”。
1. A;when表示“当……时候”,句意为“当她还是个小女孩的时候她就喜欢跳舞”。
1. C;if表示“如果”,句意为“如果他们得到更多的工人他们就开始这项工作”。
1. D;if表示“如果”,句意为“如果你需要我我就会在这里”。
1. A;when引导时间状语从句,主句是过去进行时,从句是一般过去时,这里表示“当门铃响的时候他正在看报纸”。
1. A;when表示“当……时候”,句意为“当我们在北京的时候我们参观了很多地方”。
1. A;not…until…表示“直到……才……”,句意为“直到她完成作业她才会出去”。
1. B;while表示“当……时候”,句意为“当我度假的时候我过得很愉快”。
1. C;since表示“因为,由于”,句意为“因为他生病了,所以他不能去上学”。
1. A;if表示“如果”,句意为“如果明天天气晴朗他们就去公园”。
1. B;while表示“当……时候”,强调两个动作同时进行,句意为“他听音乐的时候他妹妹在看电视”。
1. A;as soon as表示“一……就……”,句意为“我一到达上海就给你写信”。
1. C;since表示“自从”,句意为“自从她出生以来她就一直在这个城市”。
1. A;when表示“当……时候”,句意为“当他们来到这里的时候我们将欢迎他们”。
1. A;as soon as表示“一……就……”,句意为“我一到家就给你打电话”。
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