Unit 1 What’s the matter知识点-2024-2025学年人教版八年级下册英语

Unit1 What’s the matter？ 一．词形变换： stomach(n.)--_________(n.胃疼) tooth(n.)--_______(n.牙疼) head(n.)--_________(n.头疼) lie(v躺.)--_________(pt.)--_________(现在分词) hit(v.)--_________(pt.) climb(v.)--_________(n.登山者) knife(n.)--__________(pl.) mean(v.)--_______(pt.)--__________(n.含义)--_____________(adj.有意义的)_____________(adj.无意义的) important(adj.)--___________(n.重要性) decide(v.)--____________(n.决定) die(v.) --__________(n.死亡) 二．重要短语： 怎么了___________________ 感冒________________ 发烧_______________ 躺下休息___________________________ 蜂蜜热茶__________________牙疼__________________ 量体温________________________ take some medicine_______ take breaks/take a break__________ 习惯于，适应于(做)…_______________ 冒险__________ lose one’s life___________ fall down_________用尽/完_____________ 切除__________ 离开，从…出来________________ …的重要性__________________掌管，管理_____________做决定________________ 放弃（做某事） ___________ 三．重要知识点精讲： 1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？ 【解析】 What’ s the matter with you? = What’s ______ _______ with you?=what’s your trouble? = What’ s _______ with you? 你怎么了？ 【注】 matter 和trouble 为_____词， 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是____词，不能加the 【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或遇到什么麻烦，后跟询问对象时与介词with连用。 例：— _________________ — She has a sore throat. A. What’s wrong with you? B. What’s the matter with Lucy? C. What does she have? D. How was she? 【拓展】matter的其他用法: It doesn’t matter 没关系 （回答别人道歉时的用语）=Never mind. 2. I have a cold 我感冒了 【解析】have a/an + 疾病名词 “患……病” have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back /have a backache背痛have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒 have a cough 咳嗽have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache患牙痛 have a headache 患头痛 【曲靖】I didn’t sleep well last night, because I _____ a toothache . A. was B. went C. had D. took 3.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 【解析】hurt v. 过去式________ (1)使...受伤 Yesterday he _____ himself when playing basketball (2) 疼痛 My back _________ a lot now. 4.Someone felt sick. 【解析】sick adj.生病的，不舒服的（病症较轻），做_______语或_______语 ill adj.生病的（病症较重）,只做_______语 Eg：(1)Do you know the _________ girl? (做____________语) (2)Tom was __________ yesterday. (做_____________语) 5. have problems/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth. 做某事很困难/很费劲 Eg： He has problems ____________(study) English. =He has problems ________ English. 拓展：have fun/a good time (in)doing sth. 做某事很高兴 enjoy oneself Eg: They had fun ___________(play)soccer at school yesterday. =They ________ _______ _______ ________ playing soccer at school yesterday. = They ________ _______ playing soccer at school yesterday. 6. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。 【解析】be used to (doing) sth.习惯于（做）；适应于（做） 此处to 为_____词，后跟______词、____词或_______词。 类似用法的短语我们还学过___________________、_______________________. Eg: He always slept late before, but now he is used to ___________(go) to bed early I look forward to ____________(hear) from you all. 拓展：use sth. _____________sth. 用某物做某事 Eg：So he used his knife _________(cut) off half his right arm. 7. …hope that someone would find him. …希望有人会发现他。 【解析】would +V原形 ：“将要做某事” ，是“过去将来时态”（之一） 过去将来时态：表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。 Eg：He said he _________________(come) to see me.他说他要来看我。 He bandaged himself so that he _______________(not lose) too much blood. 8.run out of … 主语通常是________, 短语后须跟宾语，即：_______________________ run out 主语通常是________, 短语后无宾语，即：_______________________ Eg： Tom昨天把钱花光了。 Tom _________________ his money yesterday. =Tom’s money _________________ yesterday. 9.After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. 【解析1】after …之后 (1)______词，后跟句子 Eg: He will go to the library after he finishes his homework. (2)_______词,后跟_______词、_______词或_______词。 Eg: He will go to the library after he finishes his homework. = He will go to the library after ____________ his homework. 【解析2】called… “叫…名字的”，相当于_________（过去分词短语作_______________语） Eg: Do you know the boy ___________Tom? 你认识叫Tom的那个男孩吗？ 10.This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. 【解析】mean __________ sth. “意味着做某事” Eg：My new job means traveling all over the world. mean __________ sth. “打算做某事” Eg：I mean to visit you tomorrow. 11. feel like______ sth.=want to do sth. 想要做某事 Eg: I don’t want to eat anything.(同义句) I don’t __________ _________ __________ anything. 四．课文填空: He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbing Aron Ralston is ______ American man who is interested ____ mountain climbing. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to ________(take) risks. This is one of the exciting _________(thing) about doing dangerous sports. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because______ accidents. ____ April 26, 2003, he found ________(he)in a very dangerous situation when ___________(climb) in Utah. On that day, Aron's arm was caught under a 2,000-kilcrock that ______(fall) on him when he was climbing by ______(he)in the mountains. ________ he could not free his arm, he _________(stay) there for five days and hoped that someone _____________(find) him. But when his water _________(run) out, he knew that he________________(have) to do something __________(save) his own life. He was not ready ___________(die) that day. So he used his knife ________(cut)off half his right arm. Then,_______his left arm, he bandaged ___________(he) so that he _____________(not) lose too much blood. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help. After __________(lose)his arm, he wrote a book __________(call) Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means ___________(be) in a difficult situation that you cannot seem ___________(get) out of. In this book,Aron tells of the ____________(important) of making good decisions,and of being ______control of one's life. His love for mountain climbing is so great ______ he kept on ____________(climb) mountains even after this experience. Do we have the same spirit______ Aron? Let's think about it ________ we find ourselves "between a rock and a hard place", and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death. 单词默写： n.问题;事情__________怎么了?出什么事了?______________adj.疼痛的;酸痛的____________感冒___________n.胃;腹部___________n.胃痛;腹痛_____________胃痛____________________n.脚;足__________n.颈;脖子___________n.咽喉___________n.发烧__________v.(lay)躺;平躺_________躺下___________v.&n.放松_________n.& v.咳嗽__________n. X射线;X光___________n. 牙痛__________量体温_______________________n.头痛___________n. 间歇;休息__________ 休息_______________v.(使)疼痛; 受伤______________使…惊讶的;_____________n. 问题; 苦恼______________击; 打_________立即; 马上_____________陷入; 参与_____________ 她自己_____________n. 绷带 v. 用绷带包扎___________adj. 生病的; 有病的______________n. 膝; 膝盖________n. 鼻出血___________v. 呼吸___________adj. 晒伤的____________我们自己____________n. 攀登者___________习惯于…;适应于…________________n. & v. 危险; 风险; 冒险___________ 冒险______________n.意外遭遇__________n. 情况; 状况______________ n.千克;公斤____________n. 岩石__________用尽; 耗尽______________n.刀_________切除____________n. 血____________ v.流血____________v.意思是;打算____________离开; 从…出来____________n. 重要性______________n. 决定; 抉择_____________n.&v. 限制; 约束; 管理_____________掌管; 管理____________n. 勇气; 意志_____________n. 死; 死亡______________放弃____________n. 护士____________ 巩固练习： 第二部分　完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出能填入短文相应空白处的最佳选项。 Mary was ill yesterday.She saw a doctor. “Doctor,I’m not feeling　26　 at the moment,”she said.“Every time I do my homework at night,I feel 　27　.When I walk to school,I have to sit down and　28　 for ten minutes.”  The doctor looked　29　 Mary carefully.At last he said,“　30　 serious,but I’m afraid you are　31　 too much.”  “I don’t understand.What do you mean?” asked Mary.“I mean you eat too much 　32　,”said the doctor.  “Oh!You mean I’m too　33　.That’s a problem,” said Mary.“What should I do if I don’t want to be heavy?”  “The answer is easy,”said the doctor.“　34　 you want to be thinner and healthier,you shouldn’t eat a lot of food and you should also take more　35　.”  ()26.A.badly B.bad C.well ()27.A.hungry B.thirsty C.tired ()28.A.rest B.sleep C.stand ()29.A.after B.over C.like ()30.A.Too B.No C.Nothing ()31.A.drinking B.sleeping C.eating ()32.A.juice B.fruit C.food ()33.A.fat B.healthy C.tall ()34.A.Because B.Although C.If ()35.A.homework B.sleep C.exercise 第三部分　阅读理解(共两节;满分40分) 第一节　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) A 　　Kalie missed school but she couldn’t go.She felt tired.Her throat was really sore and her nose kept running.Kalie sat on the sofa,wrapped up in a quilt.She just couldn’t get warm!“You feel hot.A flu virus(病毒) must have caught you!”said Kalie’s mom as she felt Kalie’s forehead.“A flu what?”“A flu virus.It’s so small that you can’t even see it!”“But how could something so small make me sick?”“Well,a good question.Once a virus gets into your body,it finds a cell.It forces that cell to make more of the virus.As more and more of the virus is made,it spreads throughout your body.”“And that makes me ill?”“Kind of.The things you feel,like your fever,your runny nose...that’s your body fighting off the virus!” “You need to drink more water when you have the flu.” Kalie drank some of her hot tea.“So,there’s a fight going on inside me?” “Yes,” said her mom.“And you’re doing two of the best things you can do.Drink clear water and rest!” “I texted Sonja.She says that some other kids in our class got the flu,too.But not her.She got a vaccine(疫苗).Is that true,Mom?”“Oh,yes.A vaccine gives you a tiny bit of the virus,not enough to make you sick,but just enough to allow your body to know the virus and learn how to protect itself.” “So if I got a vaccine,I wouldn’t get the flu?”“That’s right,”Kalie’s mom stopped.She looked sad.“Sorry,we didn’t get the vaccine this year.But we will for sure next year!” ()36.Which is the right order of the following events? ①Kalie knew why Sonja didn’t catch the flu. ②Kalie had a sore throat and a running nose. ③Kalie’s mom explained why Kalie wasn’t feeling well. ④Kalie was advised to drink more water and take a break.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.②①③④ B.②③④① C.②④③① D.②③①④ ()37.Which of the following is NOT true about the flu virus? A.The flu virus is so small that people cannot even see it with eyes. B.The flu virus could make us feel uncomfortable. C.Kalie had a sore throat,a running nose and a fever because of the flu. D.After the flu vaccine gets into your body,it makes the cell make a great deal of virus. () 38.Why did Kalie’s mother feel sad at last? A.Because she was very worried about Kalie’s illness. B.Because she didn’t know how to make Kalie feel better. C.Because she didn’t vaccinate Kalie earlier. D.Because she didn’t have enough money to treat Kalie. ()39.What’s the best title for the passage? A.The Virus B.A Bad Day C.Fighting the Flu D.Getting the Vaccine B (2023眉山) ST.GLory Hospital Patient’s Name:Lucy Johnson Date:May 16,2023 To whom it may concern, The patient above was examined,treated and allowed to leave our hospital on May 15,2023.It is my suggestion that she should take one day off from work on May 16,2023.Drinking a lot of water,keeping a light diet and having a good sleep are also strongly suggested. Sincerely, Doctor Mark Palmer St.Glory Hospital Mark Palmer St.Glory Hospital 1236 S.Shelby St.,Louisville,KY 40203 ()40.Which day is probably Lucy’s day off? A.May 15,2022. B.May 16,2022. C.May 15,2023. D.May 16,2023. ()41.Which of the following suggestions is NOT mentioned? A.To have a good sleep. B.To drink a lot of water. C.To keep a light diet. D.To take the medicine 3 times a day. ()42.What kind of writing is the text? A.A sick leave note. B.A news report. C.A safety guide. D.A hospital ad. C 　　A boy helped save the life of his friend from choking(噎) in the dining hall at school while having their lunch there.Many people watched the video of the accident on the Internet. In the video,the new student Jackson just got a seat and ate his chicken Sandwich.Suddenly the food stuck(卡住) in his throat and his face turned red.Hunter Olsen sat across from Jackson. He thought that Jackson was just joking and laughed at it along with his friends. But soon it became clear that Jackson was really choking and tried to cough the food out.He pointed to his throat to tell Hunter that he was not joking.Hunter realized that he had to do something and used the Heimlich maneuver(海姆立克急救法).Finally,Jackson coughed the food out and could breathe again. Ms.Howa,who taught them the Heimlich maneuver during her health class,said she couldn’t believe her ears when she heard what happened.But she was over the moon to know that her student put what she taught into practice.She was so proud of Hunter. Hunter said he wasn’t interested in Ms.Howa’s class because he thought he would never use it in his life,but her great teaching helped him know what to do when in trouble.Then he said,“I just thought that doing something was better than doing nothing.” ()43.Why did Hunter laugh with his friends? A.Because friends were telling jokes. B.Because he thought Jackson was joking. C.Because Jackson looked very funny. D.Because he saw the food stuck in Jackson’s throat. ()44.What can we know from the underlined part? A.Ms.Howa went over to see what happened. B.Ms.Howa didn’t believe Hunter saved Jackson. C.Ms.Howa was happy with what Hunter did. D.Ms.Howa wanted to know how Hunter saved Jackson. ()45.How did Hunter feel about Ms.Howa’s health class before the accident? A.It was not very useful. B.It was very important. C.It was very interesting. D.It was too difficult. ()46.What did the writer mainly tell us in the passage? A.He wanted to tell what Heimlich maneuver is. B.He wanted to tell a story that a boy saved his friend. C.He wanted to teach us not to play jokes while eating. D.He wanted to teach us how to use the Heimlich maneuver. D Do you know how to be a healthy kid? Here are some rules you should follow. First,eat different food,especially fruit and vegetables.You may have your favorite food,but you’d better eat something different.If you eat different food,you will get more nutrients(营养物质)your body needs. Second,drink water and milk as often as possible.When you’re really thirsty,water is the best choice.Milk is a great drink that can give you more calcium(钙)your body needs to get strong bones. Third,listen to your body.How do you feel when you are full? When you’re eating,notice how you feel and when your stomach is comfortably full.Eating too much will not make you feel comfortable but make you fat. Fourth,limit screen time.Screen time is the time you watch TV,DVDs and videos,or use computers.It is good to take more exercise such as playing basketball,riding a bike and swimming.You can’t watch TV for more than two hours a day. Fifth,be active.One thing you’d like to do,as a kid,is to find out which activity you like best.Find ways to be active every day. Follow these rules and you can be a healthy kid. ()47.Which kind of drink can give you more calcium?　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.Milk. B.Tea. C.Juice. D.Cold water. ()48.You shouldn’t watch TV for 　　　 a day.  A.more than two hours B.more than three hours C.less than two hours D.four hours ()49.According to the passage,you should follow 　　　 rules if you want to be healthy.  A.four B.five C.nine D.six ()50.According to the passage,which of the following sentences is NOT true? A.When you’re eating,you have to notice how you feel. B.You can eat your favorite food,but you’d better eat something different. C.You can watch TV as long as you like to get more information. D.We should try to live in an active way in our life. 第二节　根据短文内容,从短文后的方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) (51)　　 Though colds can’t be eradicated(根除),there are some suggestions for you to avoid getting a cold.  First,you can avoid catching a cold by practicing healthy habits.(52)　　 Eat lots of fruit and vegetables and drink milk and juice.Other healthy habits include getting plenty of sleep at night and lots of exercise in the daytime.  Next,you should try to avoid contact with the virus(病毒) that causes colds.(53)　　 When people cough and sneeze(打喷嚏),the cold virus goes into the air.Do not share a cup,fork,or spoon with someone else.(54)　　 Washing your hands is also a good way not to catch a cold.The cold virus may be on the things like telephones and money.(55)　　 By washing your hands,you can stop the virus from spreading(传播).  Follow the suggestions above until doctors find a way to stop the virus that causes colds. A.If you can,stay away from large crowds. B.Because that could spread the virus. C.Do you know that each child in school catches six to ten colds every year? D.Shaking another person’s hand could even spread the virus. E.Begin by eating healthy food. (共70分) 第四部分　书面表达(共三节) 第一节　词汇运用(共两题,满分30分) (一)单词拼写(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示,写出单词的正确形式。 56.He r 　 his life to save the child in the deep river.  57.Many apps,especially those for social media and videos,have had the “teen mode” to protect teenagers by c 　 their screen time.  58.I don’t know what to do in this terrible 　 　(情况).Can you help me?  59.We have all kinds of 　 　(刀子) here.Which one do you want to buy?  60.I don’t know what the word 　 　(意思是).  (二)综合填空(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 根据短文内容,用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使文章通顺完整。(每词限用一次) with,matter,go,temperature,ill,hurt,feel,and,healthy,nothing One cold winter morning,an old woman (61)　 　 to the doctor.When she walked into the doctor’s office,she told him her right leg(62)　 　,and that sometimes she could not walk.She asked him what was wrong (63)　 　 her and told him that she never had such a(64)　 　 before.  The doctor took her (65)　 　 and then he said,“There is (66)　 　 serious with your right leg.You’re in good (67)　 　 for a woman of your age.I think the (68)　 　with your right leg is just a matter of old age catching up with you.We get all kinds of (69)　 　 as we get older.”  “I don’t think so,doctor!”she said.“ My left leg is all right,(70)　 　 it’s the same age as my right one.”  第二节　阅读表达(共6小题;71～73小题每题2分,74～76小题每题3分,满分15分) 阅读下面的短文,并根据短文后的要求答题。(请注意问题后的词数要求) 　　Mary is reading something about (74)①　　　 to keep healthy on the Internet.  Good sleep is important for your health.You need about eight hours’ sleep a night.Don’t eat or read in bed.Drinking a cup of milk before sleeping may help you get a good sleep.Go to bed at the same time every evening and get up at the same time every morning.For more information,please visit www.sleep.com. How often do you exercise?(75)If you want to stay healthy,try to exercise for thirty minutes every day,three or four times a week. For more information,please call Health Line at 180-2000. Studies show that the cold or flu virus can live on our hands for long,(74)②　　　 we should wash our hands often with soap and water.If you want to know more,please call Health Line at 180-1313.  Brush your (74)③　　　 twice a day and see a dentist at least once a year.The oral examination is not only for the health of your teeth,but also for that of your whole body.Please visit www.mydr.com. for more information.  71.What should you do every day if you want to get a good sleep?(No more than 8 words)　 　  72.What can you do if you want to learn more about the flu virus?(No more than 5 words)　 　  73.How often should we see a dentist?(No more than 5 words)　 　  74.Fill in each blank with one proper word.①　 　　②　 　　③　 　  75.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.　 　   76.What does the passage mainly talk about?　 　  第三节　写作(共1题,满分25分) 每个人都有不同的生活习惯,养成良好的生活习惯能帮助我们拥有健康的身体和美好的生活。请结合自身实际,以“How to Develop Good Living Habits”为题,从日常作息、卫生习惯、健康饮食、体育锻炼与交通安全等方面进行阐述,写一篇英语短文向校英语报投稿。 写作要求: (1)意思连贯,表达准确,书写规范,适当发挥; (2)文中不能出现任何真实的人名、校名及所在地等信息; (3)词数80左右。           你的朋友Jack由于长时间玩电脑游戏，现在头疼、眼睛不舒服、腰背酸痛，并且睡眠不好。写一篇短文介绍一下他的情况，并给出你对他的建议。 要求：（1）内容包含所提供的信息，可适当发挥。 （2）书写认真，句子通顺。 （3）60词左右。 参考范文： Jack is my friend, He likes playing computer games a lot. He often sits in he same way for too long without moving. Now he has a headache, sore eyes and a sore back. He can’t sleep well at night, so he feels tired every day. I think he should take breaks away from the computer. He shouldn’t use the computer for a long time. He should do eye exercises to relax his eyes and go to bed at night. I think if he has a good rest, he will feel better soon. Ⅳ.综合填空 根据短文内容,用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,使文章通顺完整。(每词限用一次) if,see,need,have,something,a,many,sleep,lie,stomach Every one of us may 20.　　　　 a headache.But do you know about headaches? What may cause them? And what should we do 21.　　　　 we have a headache? When should we go to 22.　　　　 a doctor?  A headache is not a disease(疾病),but it may show that 23.　　　　 in your body is wrong.We may have 24.　　　　 than one headache each month.  Usually 25.　　　　 fever or some other illnesses may cause headaches.You may get a headache when you work too hard.You may get a headache when you can’t get enough 26.　　　　.You may get a headache when you exercise on an empty 27.　　　　.  What should you do if you have a headache? You should 28.　　　　 down and have a good rest.You should get enough sleep.  If you have headaches often,you 29.　　　　 to see a doctor.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$