精品解析：湖南省长沙市2024-2025学年高三上学期新高考适应性考试英语试题

null 长沙市2025年新高考适应性考试 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18.C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What happened to Molly? A. She fell ill. B. She had to work. C. She was sent home. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman mean about the beach? A. She will walk there. B. It’s close to the hotel. C. It covers one square mile. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What was wrong with the car? A. It had a flat tire. B. It wasn’t cleanly washed. C. It was parked wrongly. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the two speakers doing? A. Choosing candies. B. Reserving hotel rooms. C. Talking about a film. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers now? A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. In a cinema. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What’s the probable relationship between Elliot and the woman? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Boss and employee. 7. What will the man do? A. Explain his work. B. Talk with Elliot. C. Ask parents for help. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What problem does Thomas have? A. A headache. B. A toothache. C. A stomachache. 9. What does the woman mean about Thomas? A. He is homesick. B. He eats the wrong food. C. He should take medicine. 10. What will Thomas do next? A. Visit his parents. B. Go home directly. C. Stay in the camp. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What is Tahiti famous for? A. Its surfing. B. Its location. C. Its language. 12. When will the competition probably begin? A. In 5 minutes. B. In 55 minutes. C. In over an hour. 13. Who will be probably introduced first? A. The competitors. B. The advertiser. C. The judges. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. Why does the man dislike take-offs? A. It is dangerous. B. It makes him sick. C. It takes a long time. 15. Where are the speakers going? A. Spain. B. America. C. Greece. 16. What attracts the man most? A. The villages. B. The museums. C. The beaches. 17. How does the man feel in the end? A. Nervous. B. Relieved. C. Impatient. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. How did Florence Nightingale get her name? A. It was given by a nurse. B. It originated from a book’s title. C It was from her place of birth. 19. Why was Florence Nightingale awarded the Royal Red Cross medal? A For the hospitals she built. B. For the cures she developed. C. For the contributions she made. 20. What is the purpose of the speech? A. To entertain the audience with a story. B. To introduce a famous historical figure. C. To show the great changes in Florence. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Nowadays some documentaries kind of blow viewers away with their unique shooting skills and fascinating insights. Here are three picks among them for 2024. ● Fantasy Westward Journey Chief Director: Liu Yile Length: Six Episodes Producers: Chen Xiaoyu Broadcasting Platforms: Bilibili This film series is the first game documentary created by NetEase and a CCTV production team. It shows the integration of video game production with traditional shadow play art, ancient building restoration techniques, and movable-type printing, which embodies the connection between Chinese intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) and video game production. ● Beautiful Guangdong and Wild Lingnan Producers: Rong Mingchang, Liu Jiangtao Length: Five Episodes Producers: Nanfang Metropolis Daily, N video Broadcasting Platforms: Tencent Video, Bilibili Rich with mountains, coasts and valleys, Lingnan area in the south of China is blessed with thousands of recorded animals and plants. This documentary series focuses on geographical features, presenting the beautiful scenery and vitality of wild creatures native to Guangdong Province. ● A Meeting with Architects (Season Ⅱ) Directors: Jia Li, Liang Shuai Length: Ten Episodes Producers: I-TALK Broadcasting Platforms: Bilibili This documentary is the first on-the-spot interview series about personalities in the field of architecture in China. Each episode features an interview with star architects like Ma Yansong and Li Xiangning at the construction site, filming the moment of inspiration and the spirit of the modern era. It aims to show a deep understanding of the essence of architecture—it is not only the presentation of the architect’s design, but also a shared space that everyone can interact with through body and mind. 21. Who document various wild creatures in the southern China? A. Liu Yile and Chen XiaoyuJia B. Li and Liang Shuai C. Rong Mingchang and Liu Jiangtao D. Ma Yansong and Li Xiangning 22. What is special about A Meeting with Architects (Season Ⅱ)? A. It broadcasts on Bilibili. B. It features face-to-face talks. C. It presents restoration skills. D. It showcases the modern art. 23 Where is the text probably taken from? A. A magazine. B. A brochure. C. A report. D. A textbook. B Like other cities in New Jersey’s Rust Belt (铁锈地带), Paterson has fallen on hard times, with its once-famous textile (纺织品) industry in disrepair and its schools abandoned. Strickland, an expert in school design and instructor at MIT in Boston, had been hired as a consultant to help Paterson find sites for new schools. The architect hatched a grand plan to help revitalize (复兴) Paterson’s schools and the city itself. Six career academies are holding classes at old sites. These small changes have not gone unnoticed. The city, as the residents expected, has the potential to shine. A nearly unoccupied three-story shopping mall houses two schools, one focused on medical careers, the other on media arts and urban planning. English and math teachers for the two schools lead classes in storefronts that were empty just a year ago. Across town, under the thick wooden beams (横梁) of an old textile factory and a train engine plant, students with disabilities will learn about careers with the region’s transportation systems. Strickland requires his graduate students at MIT to help Paterson construct models for new building projects in the city. Jane Riesman, one of Strickland’s students, has been working with her kids on an educational park that would replace a wasteland of lifeless asphalt (沥青) and grass that stretches between two downtown schools. The surrounding neighborhood is hardly inspiring; pulling-down of a high-rise housing project is underway, showering dust everywhere. But Riesman’s students envision a very different place. One of the student models includes a swimming pool, skating court, climbing wall, sandbox, and a pond with a fountain and lots of trees. “It’s fun, and it makes us feel like we’re in charge and helping the community,” says 15-year-old Marilyn Medina, one of the model’s creators. Strickland says it’s important for the students to dream. “They’re setting a tone for the town,” he says. “The kids can push the envelope and change the culture.” 24. What was Paterson like in the past according to paragraph 1? A. It fell into severe disrepair. B. It rarely produced any iron. C. Its textile industry was well-known. D. Its schools were completely deserted. 25 What was the residents’ attitude towards Strickland’s plan? A. Opposed. B. Favorable. C. Dismissive. D. Uncaring. 26. What can we infer about Riesman’s students? A. Diligent and innocent. B. Funny and responsible. C. Honest and trustworthy. D. Imaginative and helpful. 27. What does the text focus on? A. Transforming old buildings to shine. B. Revitalizing the city’s shopping mall. C. Developing students’ logical thinking. D. Witnessing the rise and fall of Paterson. C Artificial intelligence — or AI — is the computer code (代码) that allows a machine to do something that normally requires a human brain. On TikTok, for instance, AI sorts the posts so that the first ones you see are likely to be those you’d prefer. But before an AI can do any of that, developers must train it. And the training consumes energy. AI training is powered mostly by fossil (化石) fuels, according to one of the largest studies of its kind. Less than 25 percent of AIs use low-carbon energy sources such as hydroelectricity and nuclear power during training. In fact, researchers now worry that training’s appetite for energy could soon become a huge problem. The energy to develop AI comes out of the electrical net. And in most parts of the world, making electricity emits (排放) carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air. Language-processing AI systems learn by devouring (吞食) texts in a particular language. This might include “reading” everything ever published online in some language, including libraries full of old books that have been digitized. Such data-intensive training uses a lot of energy. To translate between English and Chinese, for example, an AI model may deal with millions or even billions of translated books and articles. In this way, it learns which words and phrases match. Later, when given a new text, it recommends its own translation. In 2019, researchers calculated the impact of developing AI model named Transformer. It released a massive 626, 000 pounds of carbon dioxide. That’s equal to the greenhouse gases that would be poured by five American cars from when they were made to when they were junked. Today, most AI development happens at data centers. These computer-filled buildings account for some 2 percent US electricity use and 1 percent of global energy use. Some AI experts have sounded an alarm about the threat these energy giants pose. 28. What is AI training mainly energized by? A. Fossil fuels. B. Solar energy. C. Nuclear energy. D. Greenhouse gases. 29. What do we know about the language-processing AI systems? A. They process limited texts. B. They will replace translators. C. They seldom read digital books. D. They are energy-consuming. 30. Why does the author mention Transformer in paragraph 4? A. To highlight its significance. B. To speak highly of AI’s power. C. To demonstrate researchers’ creativity. D. To stress its effect on the environment. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. AI’s development poses a threat to data centers. B. The energy consumption of AI can’t be ignored. C. AI is effectively transforming the way we learn. D. People should take action to reduce gas emission. D Decades of increasing corn and soya bean production have turned Brazil into an agricultural powerhouse, which also led to the destruction of the Amazon rainforest. That has long put farmers and environmentalists in disagreement. But a study released in October by the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and Rainforest Foundation Norway (RFN) shows the extent to which deforestation is hurting farmers too. The report shows that the practice of clear-cutting in the Brazilian Amazon led to reduced crop production, resulting in total economic losses of about $1 billion between 2006 and 2019. The net revenues (收入) for soya beans dropped by 10% over that time, while corn revenues dropped by 20%. Anders Krogh, a specialist forest adviser at RFN, says these findings demonstrate the danger deforestation poses to global food security. When ancient forests become rolling plains, a delicate balance of water cycle is disturbed. As trees breathe, they turn water into vapour (水蒸气), which goes on to form large, thick rain clouds, and has a cooling effect on the region. This recycling process also influences atmospheric circulation (循环), which plays a key role in temperature regulation in the Amazon basin. The effects are the severest in the most deforested regions. Less rain and hotter days mean smaller harvests and smaller revenues. Preventing further deforestation in Brazil’s southern Amazon could slow the trend. Plus, reforesting could even change rainfall trends: the report concludes that if the Brazilian state of Pará were to reforest 55,000 km² of farming land, the rain could come on average five days earlier, and up to 19 in some areas. For now, though, that seems like a tall order. Agricultural firms in Brazil tend to treat such reports and the researchers who produce them with doubt. The term “agri-phobic (农业恐惧)” is often used to describe scientists who criticize the country’s farming practices. At the grassroots level, despite the increasing costs of adapting to drier conditions, Brazilian farmers doubt the claims that lower production results from climate change or deforestation. Britaldo Soares-Filho, a researcher at UFMG and the report’s lead author, hopes that concentrating on the financial effect of deforestation, rather than abstract modelling, can change farmers’ minds. Sustainable farming practices, he urges, are in the economic interests of agribusiness. 32. How does the author develop paragraph 2? A. By listing statistics. B. By citing a saying. C. By making an assumption. D. By introducing a concept. 33. Which is close to the underlined idiom “a tall order” in meaning in paragraph 4? A. A hard nut. B. A big fish. C. A helping hand. D. A red-letter day. 34. What does Britaldo Soares-Filho mean? A. Logging contributes to financial increase. B Abstract modelling makes a big difference. C. Clear-cutting puts global food security in great danger. D. Farmers should focus on the financial impact of deforestation. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Deforestation: it boosts revenues? B. Water cycle: it disturbs agriculture? C. Climate change: it worsens rainforest? D. Reforesting: it relieves global warming? 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 According to scientist Shirley Mueller, collecting feeds the pleasure center of the brain, but without the drawbacks of alcohol or smoking. “___36___.” says Mueller. “And it’s also a way for the collector to temporarily let go of the burdens in their lives and find joy in the moment.” ___37___. More than 100,000 years ago, our ancestors searched for stones, shells, and other useless objects just as they hunted for food. In modern times, while some people collect as a statement of who they are, others collect as an investment or a source of pleasure. Collecting requires attaining knowledge. You have to figure out where you can find the desired items, what they’re worth, and how you will organize and display your collections. Those activities stimulate areas of the brain involved in its functioning, skills that include working memory, multitasking, and controlling impulse (脉搏). ___38___. On a physiological level, research in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience shows that physical objects have unique effects on brain functions specifically related to memory. Meanwhile, visualizing objects stimulates many areas of the brain. Each object is associated with a person, experience, or moment in time, and you can better recall those things because you have a reminder. ___39___. Each item is a clue for your memory. ___40___. Collectors often report that the friendship of other collectors is one of the most rewarding aspects of collecting. Interacting with sellers, other collectors, or even admirers of your collection can also serve as a foundation for relationship-building. It can develop both a sense of belonging and individuality. A. Of course, collecting is not a new phenomenon B. It is a bit challenging and tiring for us to display C. Collecting can be a form of exercise for the mind D. In that way, collections act as a physical time machine E. Collecting is a way to feel a sense of safety and comfort F. Collecting also seems to hit fundamental relationship needs G. It takes a long time for people to form the habit of collecting 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Do a Good Turn Daily.” This is a slogan of the scout troop (童子军). A 13-year-old scout, named Jonathan Werner, in Troop 506 of Ham Lake, Minnesota, is bravely ___41___ new areas when it comes to “good turns.” Like many troops, Troop 506 ___42___ popcorn each fall to raise ___43___. Under its generous reward program, scouts ___44___ a percentage of their sales in gift cards and cash points redeemable (可兑换) for scouting-related activities. ___45___, Jonathan spent the next few years developing an astonishing ___46___ for selling. With the ___47___, Jonathan practiced a lot and strategized ___48___. In 2021, he ___49___ $46,193.75 in sales, making him a(an) ___50___ seller in the nation. He might have splurged on (挥霍) himself, but he had other ___51___ - He shifted from big seller to big spender, hand-selecting $5,000 worth of gifts for dozens of kids in the nursery he once stayed. And each present must be beautifully ___52___ in person. “Jonathan ___53___ persons.” says his scoutmaster, Aaron Miller. The first year he did the toys for adopted kids, people were all floored. “He doesn’t just give it away to somebody else. He makes it very ___54___ from start to finish.” he adds. He may not hear from the kids themselves, but social workers, scout leaders, customers and total strangers have reached out to thank him for his ___55___. The most worthwhile thing is to try to put happiness into the lives of others. This kid is a great example for all of us. 41. A. interviewing B. exploring C. facilitating D. recommending 42. A. collects B. buys C. sells D. distributes 43. A. families B. money C. awareness D. questions 44. A. decline B. control C. weaken D. receive 45. A. Inspired B. Finished C. Annoyed D. Moved 46. A. sale B. presentation C. skill D. slogan 47. A. drive B. anxiety C. shifters D. strangers 48. A. stressfully B. randomly C. carefully D. occasionally 49. A. borrowed B. earned C. spent D. lacked 50. A. top B. lowest C. awkward D. hard 51. A. presents B. problems C. ideas D. proofs 52. A. hand-wrapped B. 3D-printed C. mass-produced D. machine-carved 53. A. talks to B. greets with C. looks for D. cares about 54. A. crazy B. personal C. cautious D. public 55. A. technology B. apology C. curiosity D. generosity 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Black Myth (神话): Wukong is an action and role-playing game set in Chinese mythology. Within 10 hours of its official release ___56___ (global), it had over two million players at home and abroad. The unexpected success of the game, developed ___57___ a private Chinese company, has allowed people to appreciate genuine Chinese ___58___ (tradition) culture. Wukong ___59___ Monkey King, is an iconic (标志性) figure from Journey to the West, a Chinese classic novel ___60___ (date) back about 500 years. Feng Ji, the game’s producer, said that the game would attract gamers to the Chinese god-evil story. Games combining iconic cultural elements may ___61___ (regard) as a form of cultural exchange. Indeed, enjoying the game could be a journey to experience the beauty of Chinese culture — ___62___ (it) music, landscapes, architecture, clothes, or even folk tales. “___63___ we can do is give people a closer look through the game,” said the game’s art ___64___ (direct), Yang Qi, “And China will always welcome the travelers worldwide who want ____65____(explore) and learn more about Chinese culture.” 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 66. 你校英语俱乐部拟开展主题为“My Dream Job”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛。 内容包括： 1. 你的理想职业； 2. 你的理由及打算。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 My Dream Job Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. It’s my honor to be here to deliver a speech. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was New Year’s Day. I made a resolution to find my stray (走失的) dog, Puppy-Rocky. In the morning, I could hear icy rain knocking the windows. I said a quick prayer for Puppy-Rocky. He was out there somewhere in the storm, and I could just feel it. Sure, it had been three months since he’d gone missing, but I still had faith. It was the season for miracles (奇迹). That fall, Puppy-Rocky, my sweet dog, had disappeared from my parents’ house in California. He had been staying with them while I was between apartments. At the time, I lived and worked in New York City. I was staying with friends until I signed my lease (租约) on a new place. Puppy-Rocky had gotten out of my parents’ house two days before I was set to fly back home to pick him up. My mom and I spent that entire visit searching for him. Mom was the family’s resident “realist”, which meant she spent a whole lot of time trying to prepare me for the worst. “He’s either been hit by a car or been taken in by someone who found him,” she said. I rolled my eyes. Mom always supported me, but this time she doubted. She could have done with a little more faith! Besides, though I couldn’t explain it, I believed I’d see my Puppy-Rocky again. His barks never faded away. He’d been homeless when I first met him, a naughty little dog that had survived all on his own. If any dog could do the impossible, it was my Puppy-Rocky. Even after I returned to New York City without him and the weeks stretched into months, deep down I had this feeling that we’d be reunited. Now, home again for the holidays, I was determined to pick up my search. I grabbed Puppy-Rocky’s carrier, loaded it into the car, and then asked my mom to drive me to the shelter for the homeless dogs, hoping he’d been found. “Dave, you have to be realistic,” my mom said as we headed to the garage. “He’s been gone too long. You’re not going to find him.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Don’t you believe in New Year miracles?” I asked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I stepped into the last room of the shelter, a familiar bark came into my ears. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 长沙市2025年新高考适应性考试 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18.C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What happened to Molly? A. She fell ill. B. She had to work. C. She was sent home. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: A teacher at the school called. Molly’s ill and they want to send her home. My husband can’t get there. Will it be okay if I go early? M: Yes, of course. Give your work to Lucy. I hope Molly doesn’t have anything serious. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman mean about the beach? A. She will walk there. B. It’s close to the hotel. C. It covers one square mile. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: How far is the hotel from the beach? I don’t want to go if it’s too far. W: No, it’s just one mile away. Go straight for 500 meters, turn right and walk another kilometer. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What was wrong with the car? A. It had a flat tire. B. It wasn’t cleanly washed. C. It was parked wrongly. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: I hope I haven’t damaged the car. I drove to the shops and then took it to the car wash. I parked it outside the house just now and I noticed one of the tires is completely flat. M: Didn’t it feel different? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the two speakers doing? A. Choosing candies. B. Reserving hotel rooms. C. Talking about a film. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Oh no, I hate this part, which is really scary. It’s the part when the killer comes out of the hotel room. And… M: Don’t tell me you’ve ruined the film for me. Here, have another candy and don’t say another word until the end. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers now? A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. In a cinema. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I didn’t expect to see you here, Gary. Do you come to this restaurant every Saturday night? M: No, but I wanted a change from watching TV, so it is either this or the cinema. W: Well, I think you’ll enjoy the food here. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What’s the probable relationship between Elliot and the woman? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Boss and employee. 7. What will the man do? A. Explain his work. B. Talk with Elliot. C. Ask parents for help. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: I’m worried about Elliott. He’s been late for school several times recently and he didn’t turn up at all for sports day. Also, the homework he hands in to me is getting worse and worse. His marks keep going down. M: Yes, I know. I think he’s having some family issues and I’m afraid they’re affecting his schoolwork. W: You need to have a serious talk with him. I can understand if there are family problems, but we don’t want them harming his future. M: I know. I’ll talk with him tomorrow. I’ll ask if we can help with any of his problems and explain that his work needs to improve. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What problem does Thomas have? A. A headache. B. A toothache. C. A stomachache. 9. What does the woman mean about Thomas? A. He is homesick. B. He eats the wrong food. C. He should take medicine. 10. What will Thomas do next? A Visit his parents. B. Go home directly. C. Stay in the camp. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Mrs. Day, I don’t feel so good. W: What’s bothering you, Thomas? Is it the same problem from this morning? I can’t give you any more medicine for that until tomorrow. M: No, it’s not my head now. My stomach hurts. W: I don’t have any other patients right now. So why don’t we sit and talk? Do you realize that you’ve come to visit me here at the health office every day since camp began? M: Yes. But I’m not pretending to be sick. I really feel bad and want to go home. W: Well, I don’t think it’s the food. None of the other children have this problem. I think you’re just missing your home and parents. There is nothing wrong with that then. M: Can I go home now? W: No, your parents are coming in three days, so relax until then. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What is Tahiti famous for? A. Its surfing. B. Its location. C. Its language. 12 When will the competition probably begin? A. In 5 minutes. B. In 55 minutes. C. In over an hour. 13. Who will be probably introduced first? A. The competitors. B. The advertiser. C. The judges. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Welcome to the international surf invitational. We’re here in the Pacific Island nation of Tahiti, also known as the home to surfing. M: As a native Hawaiian, I’d say otherwise, but I’m grateful to be here with Sarah today. And I respect the rich tradition of surfing throughout the Pacific islands. W: Similarly, Tom, it’s with great honor that we introduce you to our home in Tahiti. But I’m sorry for forgetting the words in Hawaiian that you taught me before. M: The pleasure is mine. Put a Joy to watch the best surfers in the world compete. I always forget that Tahitian’s first language is French. I’m afraid I can’t help you with that. W: No worries. For the convenience of the viewers here at bora bora beach or online, English will be fine. M: Deal. Over one hour later, we’ll introduce this year’s competitors and judges while they get ready to start. Before this, there will be a five-minute section with the Tahiti tourism board, our chief advertiser for this event. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. Why does the man dislike take-offs? A. It is dangerous. B. It makes him sick. C. It takes a long time. 15. Where are the speakers going? A. Spain. B. America. C. Greece. 16. What attracts the man most? A. The villages. B. The museums. C. The beaches. 17. How does the man feel in the end? A. Nervous. B. Relieved. C. Impatient. 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 17. B 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m not looking forward to this. W: Why not? This is the holiday you’ve been waiting the whole year for. M: It’s not the holiday; it’s travelling on the plane that I’m worried about. I hate takeoffs. W: But you’ve done these many times before. You never said anything when we went to Spain. M: It started on that flight to America nine years ago. When we rise very quickly, it really makes my stomach turn. When the plane races down the track, the engines scream loudly. W: Okay, well, we’re finally about to take off. You just need to calm down. Here, takes my hand. What are you looking forward to the most about visiting Greece? The beaches? The museums? Or maybe it’s the late evenings, relaxing by the bar with a drink. M: I… Oh dear, there we go. Well, I’d love to go visit local villages, you know, see how real Greeks live, have a walk, have a drink and a bite to eat in the local restaurants and… and… Oh dear. W: There we are, we up in the air. M: Thank goodness I’m alive. I feel great. W: Good, because in five hours we will land in Greece. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. How did Florence Nightingale get her name? A. It was given by a nurse. B. It originated from a book’s title. C. It was from her place of birth. 19. Why was Florence Nightingale awarded the Royal Red Cross medal? A. For the hospitals she built. B. For the cures she developed. C. For the contributions she made. 20. What is the purpose of the speech? A. To entertain the audience with a story. B. To introduce a famous historical figure. C. To show the great changes in Florence. 【答案】18. C 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】 M: Florence Nightingale was born into a wealthy British family on may twelfth 1820. She was named Florence after the place of her birth, Florence, in Italy. Working as a nurse, she saved the lives of many soldiers during the Crimean war. She was devoted to her profession and worked hard day and night. Florence Nightingale changed the way that hospitals cared for their patients. Before, hospitals were overcrowded and dirty places. This meant that diseases were easily spread. There weren’t enough doctors or beds to go around, so people often didn’t get the care they needed. Florence Nightingale changed all of this by making hospitals cleaner places. She also trained more nurses to help care for patients. She made sure patients were well looked after and had good food to eat, which saved many lives. Florence met Queen Victoria, who awarded her the royal red cross medal. Every year on may twelfth, her birthday, nurses celebrate International Nurses’ Day. Florence opened a school of nursing and wrote a book called Notes on Nursing. King Edward the seventh gave Florence a special award called the order of merit in 1907. She was the first woman to receive this award, and she changed the way that women were seen in the workplace. She died in 1910. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Nowadays some documentaries kind of blow viewers away with their unique shooting skills and fascinating insights. Here are three picks among them for 2024. ● Fantasy Westward Journey Chief Director: Liu Yile Length: Six Episodes Producers: Chen Xiaoyu Broadcasting Platforms: Bilibili This film series is the first game documentary created by NetEase and a CCTV production team. It shows the integration of video game production with traditional shadow play art, ancient building restoration techniques, and movable-type printing, which embodies the connection between Chinese intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) and video game production. ● Beautiful Guangdong and Wild Lingnan Producers: Rong Mingchang, Liu Jiangtao Length: Five Episodes Producers: Nanfang Metropolis Daily, N video Broadcasting Platforms: Tencent Video, Bilibili Rich with mountains, coasts and valleys, Lingnan area in the south of China is blessed with thousands of recorded animals and plants. This documentary series focuses on geographical features, presenting the beautiful scenery and vitality of wild creatures native to Guangdong Province. ● A Meeting with Architects (Season Ⅱ) Directors: Jia Li, Liang Shuai Length: Ten Episodes Producers: I-TALK Broadcasting Platforms: Bilibili This documentary is the first on-the-spot interview series about personalities in the field of architecture in China. Each episode features an interview with star architects like Ma Yansong and Li Xiangning at the construction site, filming the moment of inspiration and the spirit of the modern era. It aims to show a deep understanding of the essence of architecture—it is not only the presentation of the architect’s design, but also a shared space that everyone can interact with through body and mind. 21. Who document various wild creatures in the southern China? A Liu Yile and Chen XiaoyuJia B. Li and Liang Shuai C. Rong Mingchang and Liu Jiangtao D. Ma Yansong and Li Xiangning 22. What is special about A Meeting with Architects (Season Ⅱ)? A. It broadcasts on Bilibili. B. It features face-to-face talks. C. It presents restoration skills. D. It showcases the modern art. 23. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A magazine. B. A brochure. C. A report. D. A textbook. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了 2024 年三部值得一看的纪录片，包括《梦幻西游》《大美广东 野性岭南》以及《与建筑师的对话（第二季）》，分别介绍了它们的主创人员、时长、播放平台以及各自的特色内容。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Beautiful Guangdong and Wild Lingnan”部分中“Producers: Rong Mingchang, Liu Jiangtao Length: Five Episodes; This documentary series focuses on geographical features, presenting the beautiful scenery and vitality of wild creatures native to Guangdong Province(制片人：荣明昌、刘江涛；集数：五集；本纪录片系列聚焦地理风貌，展现广东省本土野生动植物的美丽景色和生命力)”可知，制片人荣明昌和刘江涛制作的《大美广东 野性岭南》这部纪录片聚焦于地理特征，展示了广东省本土野生动物的美丽景色和活力，也就是他们记录了中国南方的各种野生动物。所以记录中国南方各种野生动物的是荣明昌和刘江涛，故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A Meeting with Architects (Season Ⅱ)”部分中“This documentary is the first on-the-spot interview series about personalities in the field of architecture in China. Each episode features an interview with star architects like Ma Yansong and Li Xiangning at the construction site, filming the moment of inspiration and the spirit of the modern era(本纪录片是中国首部关于建筑领域人物的实地访谈系列片。每集都有对明星建筑师如马岩松、李晓明等在施工现场的采访，拍摄灵感时刻和现代精神)”可知，《与建筑师的对话（第二季）》这部纪录片是中国第一部关于建筑领域人物的现场采访系列片，每一集都有在建筑工地对马岩松和李翔宁等明星建筑师的采访，拍摄灵感瞬间和现代精神。所以它的特别之处在于以面对面的访谈为特色，故选B项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Nowadays some documentaries kind of blow viewers away with their unique shooting skills and fascinating insights. Here are three picks among them for 2024(如今，一些纪录片以独特的拍摄技巧和引人入胜的视角震撼着观众。以下是2024年其中三部精选之作)”、“Beautiful Guangdong and Wild Lingnan”部分中“Producers: Rong Mingchang, Liu Jiangtao Length: Five Episodes; This documentary series focuses on geographical features, presenting the beautiful scenery and vitality of wild creatures native to Guangdong Province(制片人：荣明章、刘江涛；集数：五集；本纪录片系列聚焦地理风貌，展现广东省本土野生动植物的美丽景色和生命力)”以及“A Meeting with Architects (Season Ⅱ)”部分中“This documentary is the first on-the-spot interview series about personalities in the field of architecture in China. Each episode features an interview with star architects like Ma Yansong and Li Xiangning at the construction site, filming the moment of inspiration and the spirit of the modern era(本纪录片是中国首部关于建筑领域人物的实地访谈系列片。每集都有对明星建筑师如马岩松、李晓明等在施工现场的采访，拍摄灵感时刻和现代精神)”可知，文章主要介绍了 2024 年三部值得一看的纪录片，包括它们的主创人员、时长、播放平台以及各自的特色内容，这种对不同纪录片的介绍和推荐比较符合杂志的内容范畴，可推理出这篇文章可能取自一本杂志，故选A项。 B Like other cities in New Jersey’s Rust Belt (铁锈地带), Paterson has fallen on hard times, with its once-famous textile (纺织品) industry in disrepair and its schools abandoned. Strickland, an expert in school design and instructor at MIT in Boston, had been hired as a consultant to help Paterson find sites for new schools. The architect hatched a grand plan to help revitalize (复兴) Paterson’s schools and the city itself. Six career academies are holding classes at old sites. These small changes have not gone unnoticed. The city, as the residents expected, has the potential to shine. A nearly unoccupied three-story shopping mall houses two schools, one focused on medical careers, the other on media arts and urban planning. English and math teachers for the two schools lead classes in storefronts that were empty just a year ago. Across town, under the thick wooden beams (横梁) of an old textile factory and a train engine plant, students with disabilities will learn about careers with the region’s transportation systems. Strickland requires his graduate students at MIT to help Paterson construct models for new building projects in the city. Jane Riesman, one of Strickland’s students, has been working with her kids on an educational park that would replace a wasteland of lifeless asphalt (沥青) and grass that stretches between two downtown schools. The surrounding neighborhood is hardly inspiring; pulling-down of a high-rise housing project is underway, showering dust everywhere. But Riesman’s students envision a very different place. One of the student models includes a swimming pool, skating court, climbing wall, sandbox, and a pond with a fountain and lots of trees. “It’s fun, and it makes us feel like we’re in charge and helping the community,” says 15-year-old Marilyn Medina, one of the model’s creators. Strickland says it’s important for the students to dream. “They’re setting a tone for the town,” he says. “The kids can push the envelope and change the culture.” 24. What was Paterson like in the past according to paragraph 1? A. It fell into severe disrepair. B. It rarely produced any iron. C. Its textile industry was well-known. D. Its schools were completely deserted. 25. What was the residents’ attitude towards Strickland’s plan? A. Opposed. B. Favorable. C. Dismissive. D. Uncaring. 26. What can we infer about Riesman’s students? A. Diligent and innocent. B. Funny and responsible. C. Honest and trustworthy. D. Imaginative and helpful. 27. What does the text focus on? A. Transforming old buildings to shine. B. Revitalizing the city’s shopping mall. C. Developing students’ logical thinking. D. Witnessing the rise and fall of Paterson. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是为了帮助振兴帕特森的学校和城市本身，建筑师制定了宏伟的计划来改变帕特森的老建筑，让其焕发光彩。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Like other cities in New Jersey’s Rust Belt (铁锈地带), Paterson has fallen on hard times, with its once-famous textile (纺织品) industry in disrepair and its schools abandoned.(与新泽西州“铁锈地带”的其他城市一样，帕特森也陷入了困境，曾经著名的纺织业年久失修，学校也被废弃。)”可知，在过去，帕特森的纺织工业是很出名的。冠词C项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的句子“The city, as the residents expected, has the potential to shine.(正如居民们所期望的那样，这座城市有潜力发光。)”可知，居民们对思特里克兰德的计划持赞成的态度。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段的句子“But Riesman’s students envision a very different place. One of the student models includes a swimming pool, skating court, climbing wall, sandbox, and a pond with a fountain and lots of trees. “It’s fun, and it makes us feel like we’re in charge and helping the community,” says 15-year-old Marilyn Medina, one of the model’s creators.(但是Riesman的学生们设想了一个完全不同的地方。其中一个学生模型包括一个游泳池、溜冰场、攀岩墙、沙盒和一个带喷泉和许多树木的池塘。15岁的Marilyn Medina是该模型的创造者之一，她说：“这很有趣，让我们觉得自己在负责并帮助社区。”)”可知，Riesman的学生们富有想象力且是乐于助人的。故选D项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是为了帮助振兴帕特森的学校和城市本身，建筑师制定了宏伟的计划来改变帕特森的老建筑，让其焕发光彩。故选A项。 C Artificial intelligence — or AI — is the computer code (代码) that allows a machine to do something that normally requires a human brain. On TikTok, for instance, AI sorts the posts so that the first ones you see are likely to be those you’d prefer. But before an AI can do any of that, developers must train it. And the training consumes energy. AI training is powered mostly by fossil (化石) fuels, according to one of the largest studies of its kind. Less than 25 percent of AIs use low-carbon energy sources such as hydroelectricity and nuclear power during training. In fact, researchers now worry that training’s appetite for energy could soon become a huge problem. The energy to develop AI comes out of the electrical net. And in most parts of the world, making electricity emits (排放) carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air. Language-processing AI systems learn by devouring (吞食) texts in a particular language. This might include “reading” everything ever published online in some language, including libraries full of old books that have been digitized. Such data-intensive training uses a lot of energy. To translate between English and Chinese, for example, an AI model may deal with millions or even billions of translated books and articles. In this way, it learns which words and phrases match. Later, when given a new text, it recommends its own translation. In 2019, researchers calculated the impact of developing AI model named Transformer. It released a massive 626, 000 pounds of carbon dioxide. That’s equal to the greenhouse gases that would be poured by five American cars from when they were made to when they were junked. Today, most AI development happens at data centers. These computer-filled buildings account for some 2 percent US electricity use and 1 percent of global energy use. Some AI experts have sounded an alarm about the threat these energy giants pose. 28. What is AI training mainly energized by? A. Fossil fuels. B. Solar energy. C. Nuclear energy. D. Greenhouse gases. 29. What do we know about the language-processing AI systems? A. They process limited texts. B. They will replace translators. C. They seldom read digital books. D. They are energy-consuming. 30. Why does the author mention Transformer in paragraph 4? A. To highlight its significance. B. To speak highly of AI’s power. C. To demonstrate researchers’ creativity. D. To stress its effect on the environment. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. AI’s development poses a threat to data centers. B. The energy consumption of AI can’t be ignored. C. AI is effectively transforming the way we learn. D. People should take action to reduce gas emission. 【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能（AI）训练所消耗的能源问题。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“AI training is powered mostly by fossil (化石) fuels, according to one of the largest studies of its kind.(根据同类研究中规模最大的一项，人工智能训练主要由化石燃料提供动力。)”可知，AI训练主要由化石燃料提供能量。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Language-processing AI systems learn by devouring (吞食) texts in a particular language. This might include “reading” everything ever published online in some language, including libraries full of old books that have been digitized. Such data-intensive training uses a lot of energy.(语言处理人工智能系统通过大量“吞食”（即阅读）特定语言的文本来进行学习。这可能包括“阅读”某种语言下所有曾在网上发布过的内容，以及已被数字化的满载古老书籍的图书馆。这种数据密集型的训练过程消耗了大量的能源。)”可知，语言处理AI系统需要“吞食”大量的文本，这种数据密集型的训练消耗了大量的能量。故选D。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In 2019, researchers calculated the impact of developing AI model named Transformer. It released a massive 626, 000 pounds of carbon dioxide. That’s equal to the greenhouse gases that would be poured by five American cars from when they were made to when they were junked.(2019年，研究人员计算了开发名为Transformer的人工智能模型的影响。它释放了62.6万磅的二氧化碳。这相当于五辆美国汽车从制造到报废所排放的温室气体总量。)”可知，作者提到Transformer是为了说明开发这个AI模型释放了大量的二氧化碳，即为了强调其对环境的影响。故选D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today, most AI development happens at data centers. These computer-filled buildings account for some 2 percent US electricity use and 1 percent of global energy use. Some AI experts have sounded an alarm about the threat these energy giants pose.(如今，大多数人工智能的开发都发生在数据中心。这些布满计算机的建筑约占美国电力消耗的2%和全球能源消耗的1%。一些人工智能专家对这些能源巨头构成的威胁发出了警报。)”可知，作者在最后一段暗示AI的能源消耗不容忽视。故选B。 D Decades of increasing corn and soya bean production have turned Brazil into an agricultural powerhouse, which also led to the destruction of the Amazon rainforest. That has long put farmers and environmentalists in disagreement. But a study released in October by the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and Rainforest Foundation Norway (RFN) shows the extent to which deforestation is hurting farmers too. The report shows that the practice of clear-cutting in the Brazilian Amazon led to reduced crop production, resulting in total economic losses of about $1 billion between 2006 and 2019. The net revenues (收入) for soya beans dropped by 10% over that time, while corn revenues dropped by 20%. Anders Krogh, a specialist forest adviser at RFN, says these findings demonstrate the danger deforestation poses to global food security. When ancient forests become rolling plains, a delicate balance of water cycle is disturbed. As trees breathe, they turn water into vapour (水蒸气), which goes on to form large, thick rain clouds, and has a cooling effect on the region. This recycling process also influences atmospheric circulation (循环), which plays a key role in temperature regulation in the Amazon basin. The effects are the severest in the most deforested regions. Less rain and hotter days mean smaller harvests and smaller revenues. Preventing further deforestation in Brazil’s southern Amazon could slow the trend. Plus, reforesting could even change rainfall trends: the report concludes that if the Brazilian state of Pará were to reforest 55,000 km² of farming land, the rain could come on average five days earlier, and up to 19 in some areas. For now, though, that seems like a tall order. Agricultural firms in Brazil tend to treat such reports and the researchers who produce them with doubt. The term “agri-phobic (农业恐惧)” is often used to describe scientists who criticize the country’s farming practices. At the grassroots level, despite the increasing costs of adapting to drier conditions, Brazilian farmers doubt the claims that lower production results from climate change or deforestation. Britaldo Soares-Filho, a researcher at UFMG and the report’s lead author, hopes that concentrating on the financial effect of deforestation, rather than abstract modelling, can change farmers’ minds. Sustainable farming practices, he urges, are in the economic interests of agribusiness. 32. How does the author develop paragraph 2? A. By listing statistics. B. By citing a saying. C. By making an assumption. D. By introducing a concept. 33. Which is close to the underlined idiom “a tall order” in meaning in paragraph 4? A. A hard nut. B. A big fish. C. A helping hand. D. A red-letter day. 34. What does Britaldo Soares-Filho mean? A. Logging contributes to financial increase. B. Abstract modelling makes a big difference. C. Clear-cutting puts global food security in great danger. D. Farmers should focus on the financial impact of deforestation. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Deforestation: it boosts revenues? B. Water cycle: it disturbs agriculture? C. Climate change: it worsens rainforest? D. Reforesting: it relieves global warming? 【答案】32. A 33. A 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了巴西亚马孙雨林的砍伐对农业生产及经济的影响。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The report shows that the practice of clear-cutting in the Brazilian Amazon led to reduced crop production, resulting in total economic losses of about $1 billion between 2006 and 2019. The net revenues (收入) for soya beans dropped by 10% over that time, while corn revenues dropped by 20%. Anders Krogh, a specialist forest adviser at RFN, says these findings demonstrate the danger deforestation poses to global food security.(报告显示，巴西亚马孙地区的皆伐导致农作物产量减少，2006年至2019年期间经济损失总额约为10亿美元。在此期间，大豆的净收入下降了10%，而玉米的收入下降了20%。雨林基金会(RFN)的林业专家顾问安德斯·克罗格(Anders Krogh)表示，这些发现表明，森林砍伐对全球粮食安全构成了威胁。)”可知，作者在该段中通过列出具体的统计数据，如经济损失总额、大豆和玉米的收入下降百分比等，来支持其观点。故选A。 【33题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“Plus, reforesting could even change rainfall trends: the report concludes that if the Brazilian state of Pará were to reforest 55,000 km² of farming land, the rain could come on average five days earlier, and up to 19 in some areas.(此外，重新造林甚至可以改变降雨趋势：报告得出结论，如果巴西帕拉州能够对5.5万平方公里的耕地进行重新造林，那么雨水可能会平均提前5天到来，在某些地区甚至可能提前19天到来。)”和“though(不过)”可知，就目前而言，这似乎是一个难题。由此可知，“a tall order”指的是一个难以实现或要求过高的任务，即一个难题。选项A“一个难题”符合题意。故选A。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Britaldo Soares-Filho, a researcher at UFMG and the report’s lead author, hopes that concentrating on the financial effect of deforestation, rather than abstract modelling, can change farmers’ minds.(UFMG的研究员、该报告的主要作者布里塔尔多·索阿雷斯·菲略希望，把注意力集中在森林砍伐的经济影响上，而不是抽象的建模上，可以改变农民的想法。)”可知，Britaldo Soares-Filho认为农民应该关注森林砍伐对经济的影响。故选D。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But a study released in October by the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and Rainforest Foundation Norway (RFN) shows the extent to which deforestation is hurting farmers too.(但米纳斯吉拉斯联邦大学(UFMG)和挪威雨林基金会(RFN)10月发布的一项研究显示，森林砍伐对农民的伤害程度也很大。)”和第二段“The report shows that the practice of clear-cutting in the Brazilian Amazon led to reduced crop production, resulting in total economic losses of about $1 billion between 2006 and 2019.(报告显示，巴西亚马孙地区的皆伐导致农作物产量减少，2006年至2019年期间经济损失总额约为10亿美元。)”可知，文章主要讨论了森林砍伐对农业生产及经济的影响，选项A“砍伐森林：它能增加收入？”这个标题能够引发读者对森林砍伐与农民收入之间关系的思考，与短文的主题紧密相关。故选A。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 According to scientist Shirley Mueller, collecting feeds the pleasure center of the brain, but without the drawbacks of alcohol or smoking. “___36___.” says Mueller. “And it’s also a way for the collector to temporarily let go of the burdens in their lives and find joy in the moment.” ___37___. More than 100,000 years ago, our ancestors searched for stones, shells, and other useless objects just as they hunted for food. In modern times, while some people collect as a statement of who they are, others collect as an investment or a source of pleasure. Collecting requires attaining knowledge. You have to figure out where you can find the desired items, what they’re worth, and how you will organize and display your collections. Those activities stimulate areas of the brain involved in its functioning, skills that include working memory, multitasking, and controlling impulse (脉搏). ___38___. On a physiological level, research in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience shows that physical objects have unique effects on brain functions specifically related to memory. Meanwhile, visualizing objects stimulates many areas of the brain. Each object is associated with a person, experience, or moment in time, and you can better recall those things because you have a reminder. ___39___. Each item is a clue for your memory. ___40___. Collectors often report that the friendship of other collectors is one of the most rewarding aspects of collecting. Interacting with sellers, other collectors, or even admirers of your collection can also serve as a foundation for relationship-building. It can develop both a sense of belonging and individuality. A. Of course, collecting is not a new phenomenon B. It is a bit challenging and tiring for us to display C. Collecting can be a form of exercise for the mind D. In that way, collections act as a physical time machine E. Collecting is a way to feel a sense of safety and comfort F. Collecting also seems to hit fundamental relationship needs G. It takes a long time for people to form the habit of collecting 【答案】36. E 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了收藏行为对人类大脑和生活的积极影响。 【36题详解】 根据上文“According to scientist Shirley Mueller, collecting feeds the pleasure center of the brain, but without the drawbacks of alcohol or smoking.(根据科学家雪莉·穆勒的说法，收藏能刺激大脑的快乐中枢，但没有酒精或吸烟的缺点)和下文“And it’s also a way for the collector to temporarily let go of the burdens in their lives and find joy in the moment.(这也是收藏者暂时放下生活中的负担，在当下找到快乐的一种方式)”可知，上下文都在讲述收藏的好处，所以此处也应该讲述收藏的好处。选项E“收藏是一种获得安全感和舒适感的方式”符合语境。故选E。 【37题详解】 根据下文“More than 100,000 years ago, our ancestors searched for stones, shells, and other useless objects just as they hunted for food. In modern times, while some people collect as a statement of who they are, others collect as an investment or a source of pleasure.(10多万年前，我们的祖先在寻找食物的同时，也寻找石头、贝壳和其他无用的东西。在现代，一些人收藏东西是为了表明自己的身份，而另一些人则是为了投资或寻找乐趣)”可知，收藏这种行为由来已久，不是一个新的现象。选项A“当然，收藏并不是一种新现象”符合语境。故选A。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Collecting requires attaining knowledge. You have to figure out where you can find the desired items, what they’re worth, and how you will organize and display your collections. Those activities stimulate areas of the brain involved in its functioning, skills that include working memory, multitasking, and controlling impulse.(收藏需要获取知识。你必须弄清楚在哪里可以找到想要的物品，它们的价值是多少，以及如何组织和展示你的收藏。这些活动会刺激大脑中与其功能相关的区域，包括工作记忆、多任务处理和控制冲动等技能)”可知，收藏的过程需要大脑参与很多活动，所以收藏是对大脑的一种锻炼。选项C“收藏可以是对大脑的一种锻炼”符合语境。故选C。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Each object is associated with a person, experience, or moment in time, and you can better recall those things because you have a reminder.(每个物体都与一个人、一段经历或一个时刻相关联，你可以更好地回忆起这些事情，因为你有一个提醒)”和下文“Each item is a clue for your memory.(每一件物品都是你记忆的线索)”可知，空处内容应与收藏品能帮助人们回忆过去有关，选项D“通过这种方式，收藏品就像一台实体的时光机器”符合语境，选项中的“that way”指代上文提到的收藏品与记忆的联系。故选D。 【40题详解】 根据下文“Collectors often report that the friendship of other collectors is one of the most rewarding aspects of collecting. Interacting with sellers, other collectors, or even admirers of your collection can also serve as a foundation for relationship-building.(收藏家们经常报告说，与其他收藏家的友谊是收藏中最有价值的方面之一。与卖家、其他收藏家甚至是你收藏的崇拜者互动，也可以作为建立关系的基础)”可知，本段主要讲述的是收藏可以满足人们对人际关系的需求。选项F“收藏似乎也满足了基本的人际关系需求”符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Do a Good Turn Daily.” This is a slogan of the scout troop (童子军). A 13-year-old scout, named Jonathan Werner, in Troop 506 of Ham Lake, Minnesota, is bravely ___41___ new areas when it comes to “good turns.” Like many troops, Troop 506 ___42___ popcorn each fall to raise ___43___. Under its generous reward program, scouts ___44___ a percentage of their sales in gift cards and cash points redeemable (可兑换) for scouting-related activities. ___45___, Jonathan spent the next few years developing an astonishing ___46___ for selling. With the ___47___, Jonathan practiced a lot and strategized ___48___. In 2021, he ___49___ $46,193.75 in sales, making him a(an) ___50___ seller in the nation. He might have splurged on (挥霍) himself, but he had other ___51___ - He shifted from big seller to big spender, hand-selecting $5,000 worth of gifts for dozens of kids in the nursery he once stayed. And each present must be beautifully ___52___ in person. “Jonathan ___53___ persons.” says his scoutmaster, Aaron Miller. The first year he did the toys for adopted kids, people were all floored. “He doesn’t just give it away to somebody else. He makes it very ___54___ from start to finish.” he adds. He may not hear from the kids themselves, but social workers, scout leaders, customers and total strangers have reached out to thank him for his ___55___. The most worthwhile thing is to try to put happiness into the lives of others. This kid is a great example for all of us. 41. A. interviewing B. exploring C. facilitating D. recommending 42. A. collects B. buys C. sells D. distributes 43. A. families B. money C. awareness D. questions 44. A. decline B. control C. weaken D. receive 45. A. Inspired B. Finished C. Annoyed D. Moved 46. A. sale B. presentation C. skill D. slogan 47. A. drive B. anxiety C. shifters D. strangers 48. A. stressfully B. randomly C. carefully D. occasionally 49. A. borrowed B. earned C. spent D. lacked 50. A. top B. lowest C. awkward D. hard 51. A. presents B. problems C. ideas D. proofs 52. A. hand-wrapped B. 3D-printed C. mass-produced D. machine-carved 53. A. talks to B. greets with C. looks for D. cares about 54. A. crazy B. personal C. cautious D. public 55. A. technology B. apology C. curiosity D. generosity 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 13 岁童子军乔纳森・维尔纳（Jonathan Werner）践行童子军口号 “日行一善” 的故事。他通过售卖爆米花展现出出色的销售能力，获得收益后，又慷慨地为曾待过的托儿所的孩子们精心挑选并包装礼物，其行为赢得众人感激，成为大家学习的榜样。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：明尼苏达州哈姆莱克 506 童子军部队中，一名 13 岁的童子军乔纳森・维尔纳（Jonathan Werner），在践行 “日行一善” 方面正勇敢地探索新领域。A. interviewing 采访；B. exploring 探索；C. facilitating 使便利； D. recommending 推荐。根据空格后的宾语“new areas (新领域)”可知，这里表达的是在践行 “做好事” 方面勇敢地探索新领域，B 选项 “exploring(探索)” 符合文意和常见搭配。故选 B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：和许多童子军部队一样，506 童子军部队每年秋天售卖爆米花来筹集资金。A. collects 收集；B. buys 购买；C. sells 售卖；D.distributes 分配 。根据下文“Under its generous reward program, scouts ___4___ a percentage of their sales in gift cards and cash points redeemable (可兑换) for scouting-related activities. (在其丰厚的奖励计划下，童子军可获得一定比例的销售所得，这些所得以礼品卡和现金积分的形式发放，可用于兑换与童子军活动相关的物品。)”可知，童子军通过售卖爆米花来获得奖励，所以这里是售卖爆米花。故选 C。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：和许多童子军部队一样，506 童子军部队每年秋天售卖爆米花来筹集资金。A. families 家庭；B. money 金钱；C. awareness 意识；D. questions 问题。根据空前的“raise (筹集)”可知此处填money，符合常见搭配和语境。故选 B。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在其丰厚的奖励计划下，童子军可获得一定比例的销售所得，这些所得以礼品卡和现金积分的形式发放，可用于兑换与童子军活动相关的物品。A. decline下降；B. control 控制；C. weaken 削弱；D. receive 获得。根据语境，在奖励计划下，童子军应是获得他们销售的一定比例的销售所得，这里填“获得”。故选 D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到激励后，乔纳森在接下来的几年里培养出了惊人的销售技能。A. Inspired 受到激励的；B. Finished 完成的；C. Annoyed 恼怒的；D. Moved 感动的。根据上文“Under its generous reward program (在其丰厚的奖励计划下)”可知，奖励计划丰厚，乔纳森受到激励。故选 A。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：受到激励后，乔纳森在接下来的几年里培养出了惊人的销售技能。A. sale 销售；B. presentation 展示；C. skill 技能；D. slogan 口号。从后文 “Jonathan practiced a lot (乔纳森进行了大量练习)”和“In 2021, he ___9___ $46,193.75 in sales (2021 年，他的销售业绩达到了 46193.75 美元)” 可知，他通过练习，培养出了惊人的销售技能。故选 C。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：怀揣着这股干劲，乔纳森刻苦练习，并精心制定策略。 A. drive干劲；B. anxiety 焦虑；C. shifters 开关； D. strangers 陌生人。根据空格后“Jonathan practiced a lot (乔纳森进行了大量练习)”可知，乔纳森充满干劲，A 选项 “drive(干劲)” 符合语境，故选 A。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：怀揣着这股干劲，乔纳森刻苦练习，并精心制定策略。A. stressfully 紧张地；B. randomly 随机地；C. carefully 仔细地；D. occasionally 偶尔地。“and”前后意思一致，“and”前“Jonathan practiced a lot(乔纳森进行了大量练习)”可知，“and”后为了销售成功，他应该是仔细地制定策略，C 选项 “carefully(仔细地)” 符合语境。故选 C。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021 年，他通过销售挣得46193.75 美元，使他成为全国顶尖的销售者。A. borrowed 借；B. earned 挣得；C. spent 花费；D. lacked 缺乏。根据空格后的“in sales(通过销售)”可知，他通过销售挣得了 46193.75 美元，B 选项 “earned(挣得)” 符合句意，故选 B。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2021 年，他通过销售挣得46193.75 美元，使他成为全国顶尖的销售者。A. top 顶尖的；B. lowest 最低的；C. awkward 尴尬的；D. hard 困难的。根据“46193.75美元”售额额，和下文的“He shifted from big seller to big spender (他从销售能手摇身一变，成了出手阔绰的施予者)”可知，他应是全国顶尖的销售者，A 选项 “top(顶尖的)”符合语境。故选 A。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他本可能会在自己身上大肆挥霍，但他另有想法。他从销售达人转变为大方的施予者，亲手为自己曾待过的托儿所里的几十个孩子挑选了价值 5000 美元的礼物。A. presents 礼物；B. problems 问题；C. ideas 想法；D. proofs 证据。从空格后“He shifted from big seller to big spender, hand-selecting $5,000 worth of gifts for dozens of kids in the nursery he once stayed (他从销售达人转变为大方的施予者，亲手为自己曾待过的托儿所里的几十个孩子挑选了价值 5000 美元的礼物)”他的行为可知，他有了其他想法，不是自己挥霍，C 选项 “ideas(想法)” 符合语境。故选 C。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且每份礼物都必须由他亲自精心手工包装。A. hand - wrapped 手工包装；B. 3D - printed 3D 打印；C. mass - produced 大规模生产；D. machine - carved 机器雕刻。根据上文“hand – selecting(亲手挑选)”及空格后“in person(亲自)” 可知，他对礼物很用心，应该是亲自精心手工包装，A 选项 “hand – wrapped(手工包装)”符合语境，故选 A。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“乔纳森关心他人。” 他的童子军领队亚伦・米勒（Aaron Miller）说。A. talks to 与…… 交谈；B. greets with 向…… 打招呼；C. looks for 寻找；D. cares about 关心。根据上文“He shifted from big seller to big spender, hand-selecting $5,000 worth of gifts for dozens of kids in the nursery he once stayed. And each present must be beautifully ___12___ in person(他从销售能手变成了慷慨解囊的人，亲自为自己曾经待过的托儿所里的几十个孩子挑选了价值 5000 美元的礼物。而且每份礼物都必须由他亲自精心手工包装)”可知，他关心他人，D 选项 “cares about(关心)” 符合语境，故选 D 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他不只是把东西送给别人就了事。他从始至终都让这件事显得非常个性化。” 他补充道。A. crazy 疯狂；B. personal 个性化的；C. cautious 谨慎的；D. public 公开的。根据 “He doesn't just give it away to somebody else. (不只是把东西送给别人就了事)” 可知，他从始至终都亲自参与，让这件事非常个性化，B 选项 “personal(个性化)” 符合语境，故选 B。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他可能没有收到孩子们本人的反馈，但社会工作者、童子军领队、顾客以及完全陌生的人都主动联系他，感谢他的慷慨。A. technology 技术；B. apology 道歉；C. curiosity 好奇心；D. generosity 慷慨。根据上文“He shifted from big seller to big spender, hand-selecting $5,000 worth of gifts for dozens of kids in the nursery he once stayed (他从销售高手转变为大方的花钱者，亲手为自己曾经待过的托儿所里的几十个孩子挑选了价值 5000 美元的礼物)”可知，他为孩子们花费大量金钱购买和准备礼物，这种行为是慷慨的，大家因他的慷慨而感谢他，D 选项 “generosity(慷慨)”符合语境。故选 D。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Black Myth (神话): Wukong is an action and role-playing game set in Chinese mythology. Within 10 hours of its official release ___56___ (global), it had over two million players at home and abroad. The unexpected success of the game, developed ___57___ a private Chinese company, has allowed people to appreciate genuine Chinese ___58___ (tradition) culture. Wukong ___59___ Monkey King, is an iconic (标志性) figure from Journey to the West, a Chinese classic novel ___60___ (date) back about 500 years. Feng Ji, the game’s producer, said that the game would attract gamers to the Chinese god-evil story. Games combining iconic cultural elements may ___61___ (regard) as a form of cultural exchange. Indeed, enjoying the game could be a journey to experience the beauty of Chinese culture — ___62___ (it) music, landscapes, architecture, clothes, or even folk tales. “___63___ we can do is give people a closer look through the game,” said the game’s art ___64___ (direct), Yang Qi, “And China will always welcome the travelers worldwide who want ____65____(explore) and learn more about Chinese culture.” 【答案】56. globally 57. by 58. traditional 59. or 60. dating 61. be regarded 62. its 63. What 64. director 65. to explore 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了游戏《黑神话：悟空》的相关信息，包括其背景设定、玩家数量、文化意义等。 【56题详解】 考查副词。句意：在其全球正式发布后的10小时内，国内外玩家数量就超过了200万。修饰release，需用副词globally，作状语。故填globally。 【57题详解】 考查介词。句意：这款由中国民营企业开发的游戏取得了意想不到的成功，让人们得以领略到正宗的中国传统文化魅力。句子中提到“这款游戏是由一家中国民营企业开发的”，表示被动关系，用介词“by”引出动作的执行者。故填by。 【58题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词culture，需用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。 【59题详解】 考查连词。句意：“悟空”或“美猴王”是《西游记》中的标志性人物，《西游记》是一部距今约500年的中国古典小说。句子中提到“悟空或美猴王”，表示两者之间的选择关系，用连词or连接。故填or。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，novel和date为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填dating。 【61题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：结合标志性文化元素的游戏可以被视为一种文化交流的形式。Games combining iconic cultural elements和regard为被动关系，需用被动语态，位于情态动词may后面，使用动词原形。故填be regarded。 【62题详解】 考查代词。句意：确实，玩这款游戏就像是一场体验中国文化之美的旅程——无论是其音乐、风景、建筑、服饰，还是民间故事。修饰名词music, landscapes, architecture, clothes，需用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 【63题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：“我们能做的是通过游戏让人们更近距离地了解中国文化，”游戏艺术总监杨奇表示，“中国永远欢迎想来探索和学习更多中国文化的各国游客。”空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 【64题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词director，作主语。故填director。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。want to do sth为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语。故填to explore。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 66. 你校英语俱乐部拟开展主题为“My Dream Job”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛。 内容包括： 1. 你的理想职业； 2. 你的理由及打算。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 My Dream Job Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. It’s my honor to be here to deliver a speech. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： My Dream Job Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. It’s my honor to be here to deliver a speech. The topic is my dream job. I want to be a medical worker. First of all, it is a job to treat patients. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, thousands of medical workers have devoted themselves to the well-being of humans, winning respect from society. Besides, even facing big challenges or threats to life, they never give up and keep fighting to the end, which fuels my passion for joining them. Such is the job that I have been dreaming of all the time. From now on, I will stick to my dream and spare no efforts to make it come true. That’s all! Thank you for listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，参加学校开展的主题为“My Dream Job”的英语演讲比赛。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 致力于：devote → dedicate 此外：besides → what’s more 热情：passion → enthusiasm 坚持：stick to → hold on to 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Since the outbreak of COVID-19, thousands of medical workers have devoted themselves to the well-being of humans, winning respect from society. 拓展句：Since the COVID-19 broke out, thousands of medical workers have devoted themselves to the well-being of humans, winning respect from society. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, even facing big challenges or threats to life, they never give up and keep fighting to the end, which fuels my passion for joining them. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Such is the job that I have been dreaming of all the time. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was New Year’s Day. I made a resolution to find my stray (走失的) dog, Puppy-Rocky. In the morning, I could hear icy rain knocking the windows. I said a quick prayer for Puppy-Rocky. He was out there somewhere in the storm, and I could just feel it. Sure, it had been three months since he’d gone missing, but I still had faith. It was the season for miracles (奇迹). That fall, Puppy-Rocky, my sweet dog, had disappeared from my parents’ house in California. He had been staying with them while I was between apartments. At the time, I lived and worked in New York City. I was staying with friends until I signed my lease (租约) on a new place. Puppy-Rocky had gotten out of my parents’ house two days before I was set to fly back home to pick him up. My mom and I spent that entire visit searching for him. Mom was the family’s resident “realist”, which meant she spent a whole lot of time trying to prepare me for the worst. “He’s either been hit by a car or been taken in by someone who found him,” she said. I rolled my eyes. Mom always supported me, but this time she doubted. She could have done with a little more faith! Besides, though I couldn’t explain it, I believed I’d see my Puppy-Rocky again. His barks never faded away. He’d been homeless when I first met him, a naughty little dog that had survived all on his own. If any dog could do the impossible, it was my Puppy-Rocky. Even after I returned to New York City without him and the weeks stretched into months, deep down I had this feeling that we’d be reunited. Now, home again for the holidays, I was determined to pick up my search. I grabbed Puppy-Rocky’s carrier, loaded it into the car, and then asked my mom to drive me to the shelter for the homeless dogs, hoping he’d been found. “Dave, you have to be realistic,” my mom said as we headed to the garage. “He’s been gone too long. You’re not going to find him.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Don’t you believe in New Year miracles?” I asked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I stepped into the last room of the shelter, a familiar bark came into my ears. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： “Don’t you believe in New Year miracles?” I asked. Rolling the eyes, Mom climbed into the driver’s seat, mumbling to herself, “There’s just no way. You’re not going to find him. Be realistic.” “Mom! It’s my Puppy-Rocky! Promise! I’m sure I will see him again!!!” I kept yelling on the way to the shelter. Upon arriving there, we walked through rows of cages from room to room. I carefully examined dogs of all colors, shapes and sizes. None! All our efforts were in vain. Hopeless as it might be, I went on searching, followed by my mom, who had been trying to prepare me for the worst. When I stepped into the last room of the shelter, a familiar bark came into my ears. Following the sound, I spotted a little dog wagging the tail towards me. It was him? I double-checked it… Exactly, my Puppy-Rocky! It was bonier than ever before. Excited tears welling up, I immediately opened the cage door. He jumped into my arms as usual. I held him closely as Mom looked on, mouth wide open. It was indeed the season of miracle: three months after separation, we reunited. Puppy-Rocky’s return did let me, and especially my mom, firmly believe: we can do with more faith! 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在新年之际决心寻找自己走失已久的宠物狗Puppy-Rocky的故事。作者回忆起狗狗在父母家走失的经过，以及自己和母亲当时寻找狗狗的努力。尽管母亲对找回狗狗持悲观态度，但作者始终坚信自己能够再次见到Puppy-Rocky，因为他对这只曾经流浪、独自生存下来的小狗有着深厚的感情和信任。在新年假期期间，作者决定再次展开寻找，带着狗狗的笼子前往流浪狗收容所，希望能找到他。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容““你不相信新年奇迹吗？”我问。”可知，第一段可描写作者在收容所仔细寻找小狗的经过，妈妈则不断劝他做好最坏的打算。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我走进收容所的最后一个房间时，一阵熟悉的叫声传入我的耳朵。”可知，第二段可描写找到小狗后作者和小狗愉快的心情以及经过这件事的感悟。 2.续写线索：仔细寻找小狗——妈妈试图劝阻——找到小狗——感到激动——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①叫喊：yell/shout ②确定：be sure/be bound to ③检查：examine/check ④继续：go on/carry on 情绪类 ①兴奋：excited/thrilled ②坚定地：firmly/steadily 【点睛】[高分句型1] Hopeless as it might be, I went on searching, followed by my mom, who had been trying to prepare me for the worst.（运用了as引导的让步状语从句，并使用了部分倒装，who引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] Excited tears welling up, I immediately opened the cage door.（运用了现在分词的独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$