状语和状语从句课件-2025届高三英语一轮复习

状语和状语从句 状语 状语从句 01.什么是状语 02.什么能充当状语 03.状语的位置 01.状语从句的构成02.状语从句的分类 一、状语 什么是状语？ 01 在一个句子中，用来修饰实义动词（词组）、形容词（短语）、副词或整个句子的成分，叫做状语。 02 什么能充当状语 能充当状语的成分包括：______、______、______和______。 1)副词: She smiles sweetly. 2)介词短语: He runs fast like a crazy dog. 3)非谓语动词: He leaves, crying. 4)从句: I will return the book as soon as I have read it. 03 状语的位置 状语的位置极其灵活，可以随意放置在句中，但是放在句首或句末的情况居多。如果放在句首的话，通常用逗号隔开。 比如: In Chongqing, I am now working. I am now working in Chongqing. I am now in Chongqing working. 二、状语从句 状语从句的构成 01 状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。 状语从句的构成是: 引导词+从句+“,”+主句(状语从句放句首时，必须加逗号) 或主句+引导词+从句(状语从句放在主句后，可以加逗号，也可以不加逗号) 例： I will tell you when he comes back. 引导词 从句 状语从句的分类 02 状语从句按照引导词本身分类，一共分为9类 ： 时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 状语从句的分类 02 1.时间状语从句： 时间状语从句引导词：when(当……的时候)，as(正当/随着)，while(当……的时候)，once(一旦)，as soon as(一……就……),before(在……之前),after(在…之后),since(自从……以来)，not......until(直到……才)，until/till(直到……时)等。 名词短语:the moment(一……就)，everytime(每当)，the day(那一天)，the instant(一……就)等。 副词:immediately, directly, no sooner... than, hardly... when, scarcely... when(这五个意思相同，都译为“一……就”)等。 例句： When the teacher came in,we stop talking. We always sing as we walk. 状语从句的分类 02 2.地点状语从句： 常用引导词：where 不常用引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhere 例句： I find my phone where I had lost it. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 状语从句的分类 02 3.原因状语从句： 常用引导词:because，since，as，for等。 不常用引导词:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, as much as,so much as等 例句： Because he was careless, he had a car accident yesterday. As it was raining,we decided to stay at home. We need to leave early since the traffic is always heavy at this time. 状语从句的分类 02 4.目的状语从句： 常用引导词:so that,in order that 等。 常见的动词不定式也可以表示目的:to，in order to，so as to等，后跟动词原形。 例句： I am determined to take part in the examination of postgraduates so that I could have a brighter future. In order to catch the bus,he left early. 状语从句的分类 02 5. 结果状语从句 常用引导词:so that，so... that(如此...以至于),such...that（如此...以至于） 等。 不常用引导词:to the degree that（到达...程度）, to the extent that（到达...程度）, to such a degree that （到达如此程度）等。 例句： We moved to the country so that we were away from the noisy city. They are such interesting books that I want to read them once more. 状语从句的分类 02 6. 条件状语从句 条件状语从句常用引导词:if，unless(表示if not)等。 特殊引导词:as/so long as(只要)，only if(只要)，providing/provided that(假如) supposing(that)(假如),in case that(以防),on condition that(如果)等。 例句： If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home. On condition that love is a cup of poison, I will drink it up without hesitating. 状语从句的分类 02 7. 让步状语从句 常用引导词:though,although,even if,even though 等。 特殊引导词:as，while(作“虽然”之意讲，用在句首)，no matter(无论)，in spite of the fact that(虽然, 尽管), whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever 等 例句： Although/Though he failed again and again, he still adheres to pursuing his dream. Even if you have dark skin,you still need protection from the sun. 状语从句的分类 02 8. 方式状语从句 常用引导词:as，as if，as though(好像，似乎)等。 特殊引导词:the way(方式)等。除此以外，有些介词(短语)也表示方式:by，through，in...way， in...manner(以……的方式)等。 例句： She talks with me as she were my mother. I can still remember the whole thing in great detail as though it were yesterday. 状语从句的分类 02 9. 比较状语从句 常用引导词:as，than等 特殊引导词:the more... the more..,more than,more... than..., not so much... as... 等 例句： The youth of today are better off than we used to be. She is not so energetic as she used to be. 写作： 任意一个句子都可以增加状语。 比如：我正在看书。 I am reading the book. 方法一：【加个副词（短语）】I am reading the book diligently. 方法二：【加个时间】I am reading the book at the moment. 方法三：【加个地点】I am reading the book on the playground. 方法四：【加个原因】I am reading the book because it is so interesting and attractive. 方法五：【加个让步状语】Although I don’t want to study,I am reading the book . 方法六：【加个结果状语】I am reading the book so crazily that I forget to sleep at night. 方法七：【加个目的状语】I am reading the book in order that I can improve my grammar as quickly as possible. 方法八：【加个比较状语】As diligently as a bee,I am reading the book. 状语和状语从句的应用 Thank You ! $$