命题点4 动词的时态-【一战成名新中考】2025广西中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·精讲册优质课件PPT（讲册）（新题型版）

英语 1 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题一 动词 命题点4 动词的时态 2 （单选择：5年4考） 考点精讲 考点1 一般现在时 3 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 结 构 （1）主语+ am/is/are（+表语） （2）主语+其他系动 词原形/其他系动词 单三形式（+表语） （3）主语+动词原形 /动词单三形式 （+宾语） （1）表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作, 常与 频度副词连用。 （2）表示客观真理、客观存在或自然现象。 如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。（注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中, 即使主句是一般过去时, 从句谓语也要用一般现在时。） （3）表示现在的情况或状态。 4 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）频度副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly （2）频率词组： once a year, twice a month, three times a day等 4）主将从现：若一个复合句中含有由when, after, before, until, as soon as等引导的时间状 语从句或由if, unless, as long as, once等引导 的条件状语从句, 主句若用一般将来时, 从句用 一般现在时表将来。如： I will tell Kate the good news as soon as she comes back. 凯特一回来, 我就会告诉她这个好 消息。 5 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （3）其他词组：in the morning, on Sundays, at weekends, every day/year… （every系列） （5）表示按计划或安排好的将要发生的动作, 用一般现在时表将来, 但仅限于start, begin, leave, go, come, arrive等动词。如： The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火 车将于明早六点发车。 6 考点2 一般过去时（2023.38） 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 结 构 （1）主语+was/were （+表语） （2）主语+动词过去 式（+宾语） （1）表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存 在的状态。如： We went to the City Library last week. 我 们上周去了市图书馆。 7 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）ago及ago词组 （2）yesterday及 yesterday词组 （3）last及last词组 （2）表示过去常常或反复发生的动作, 常 与频度副词连用。如： When I was a child, I often played basketball on the playground. 当我是个孩子 时, 我经常在操场上打篮球。 8 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （4）just now, in the past, in 1920等 （5）at the age of…, used to… （6）one day, long long ago, once upon a time （3）在since引导的时间状语从句中, 主语 用现在完成时, 从句用一般过去时。如： The elderly couple have lived a happier life since they returned to their hometown. 自 从他们回到家乡后, 这对老夫妇过上了更幸 福的生活。 9 考点3 一般将来时 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 结 构 （1）主语 +will/shall+动词原 形（+表语/宾语） （2）主语 +am/is/are going to+动词原形 （+表语/宾语） （1）表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或存在的 状态。如： They will have a picnic next week. 他们下周将 去野餐。 （2）表示某种必然的趋势。如： Fish will die without water. 鱼没有水就会死。 10 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）tomorrow, soon, some day （2）next week/month（next系列） （3）in a week, in 2025, in+一段时间, in the （near） future （3）在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中, 陈述句常用一般将来时。如： Listen to me carefully, or you will miss the important points. 认真听我讲, 否则你会漏掉重点。 11 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）tomorrow, soon, some day （2）next week/month （next系列） （3）in a week, in 2025, in+一段时间, in the （near） future （4）be going to+动词原形, 表示计划、打算做 某事, 表示已决定的, 很可能发生的事, 或有某 种迹象表明要发生的事情。如： What are you going to do next Sunday？你下 周日打算做什么？（计划） Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看那些乌云。马上要有一场暴风雨了。 （客观迹象） 12 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）tomorrow, soon, some day （2）next week/month （next系列） （3）in a week, in 2025, in+一段时间, in the （near） future （5）“be about to+动词原形”和“be to+动词原 形”结构也可表示即将发生的动作。如： The train is about to leave. 火车马上要发车 了。 （6）主将从现。（具体讲解见一般现在时表 格） 13 考点4 现在进行时（2024.39，2021.38） 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 结 构 主语+am/is/are+动词现 在分词（+宾语） （1）表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如： I am reading English. 我正在读英语。 14 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）now, right now （2）at present, at this time, at the/this moment （3）these days, these months,these years （4）Look!/Listen! （2）表示现阶段一直在进行的动作, 此刻不 一定在进行, 常用时间状语有：this/these+表 示一段时间的名词。如： They are studying hard this term. 他们这 学期一直努力学习。 15 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）now, right now （2）at present, at this time, at the/this moment （3）these days, these months, these years （4）Look!/Listen! （3）表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情, 常 用于这种结构的动词有go, come, leave, stay, start, begin。如： They are leaving for Shanghai next week. 他们下周将前往上海。 16 考点5 过去进行时（2022.38） 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 结 构 主语+was/were+动词现在分词 （+宾语） （1）表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。如： —What were you doing at nine last night？你昨晚9点在做什么？ —I was watching TV at that time. 那时我正在看 电视。 （2）表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作。如： What were you doing from 7:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. yesterday? 昨晚7点到9点你在干什么？ 17 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）then （2）at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday （3）when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 （3）在复合句中, 从句中过去的动作发生时, 主句 中另一个过去的动作正在进行。如： The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom.当老师走进教室时, 学生们正在读书。 （4）在复合句中, 主句和从句中两个过去的动作同时进行。如： I was cooking while my son was drawing a picture. 我在做饭, 同时我儿子在画画。 18 考点6 现在完成时 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 结 构 主语+has/have+动词过 去分词（+表语/宾语） （1）表示过去发生的动作或已经完成的动 作对现在造成的影响。如： —Have you had your lunch yet？你已经吃 过午饭了吗？ —Yes. I've just had it. 是的, 我刚刚已经 吃过了。 19 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （1）already, ever, never, just, yet, still （2）recently, lately, so far, up till now （3）in the past/last three years/… （2）表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或 状态, 也许还要持续下去, 常和for, since连 用, 动词应用延续性动词。如： We have lived here since 2000. 自从2000 年我们就住在这儿。 20 基本结构及标志词 常见用法及例句 标 志 词 （4）since 1998, since+ 一段时间+ago（如:since five months ago） （5）for+一段时间 （如：for three years） （3）特殊用法： ①have gone to已去某地（未回） have been to曾去过某地（已回） have been in待在某地 ②It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时 的句子 ③It/This is the+序数词+time+that从句 （从句用现在完成时） 这是……第几 次…… 21 注意 在现在完成时中, 和表示一段时间的时间状语连用时, 谓语动词必须 是延续性的。如果谓语动词是非延续性的, 则要转换为延续性动词。常见 转换如下表： 非延续性动词 （词组） 延续性动词 （词组） 非延续性动词 （词组） 延续性动词 （词组） begin/start be on lose not have borrow/lend keep marry be married buy have open be open come be here put on wear/be in 22 非延续性动词 （词组） 延续性动词 （词组） 非延续性动词 （词组） 延续性动词 （词组） close be closed arrive in/arrive at/reach/get to be in die be dead catch a cold have a cold finish be over come back be back join be in/be a member of fall/become asleep/ill be asleep/ill leave be away from wake up be awake 23 如：I've been away from this school for eight years.（√） I've left this school for eight years. （×） 易混辨析 现在完成时和一般过去时 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 强调的是 现在的情况, 所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语（如：yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990）连用。 24 一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态, 和现在不产生联系, 它可以和上述 表示过去的时间状语连用。如： I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。（我了解这部电影的内容。） I saw the film last week. 我上星期看了这部电影。（只说明上星期看了 这部电影, 不涉及现在的情况。） He has lived here since 1992. 自1992年以来他一直住在这里。（他现在还 住在这里。） He lived here in 1992. 1992年他住在这里。（不涉及他现在是否还住在 这里。） 25 知识必备 动词的基本形式变化表 形式 类别 构成方法 例词 原形 没有任何形式变化 的动词 / do, dance, leave 第三 人称 单数 一般情况 加-s work→works read→reads 以s, o, x, z, sh, ch 结尾的动词 加-es go→goes wash→washes 以辅音字母加y结尾 的动词 变y为i,再加- es fly→flies study→studies 26 形式 类别 构成方法 例词 过去 式与 过去 分词 一般情况 加-ed work→worked stay→stayed 以e结尾的动词 加-d close→closed like→liked 过去 式与 过去 分词 以重读闭音节结尾 且末尾只有一个辅 音字母的动词 双写这个辅 音字母,再加- ed stop→stopped plan→planned 以辅音字母加y结尾 的动词 变y为i,再加- ed study→studied carry→carried 27 形式 类别 构成方法 例词 现在 分词 与动 名词 一般情况 加-ing sleep→sleeping wait→waiting 以不发音字母e结尾 的动词 去掉e,再加- ing smile→smiling move→moving 现在 分词 与动 名词 以重读闭音节结尾 且末尾只有一个辅 音字母的动词 双写这个辅 音字母,再加- ing sit→sitting dig→digging plan→planning 少数以ie结尾的动 词 变ie为y,再加- ing die→dying lie→lying 动词不规则变化表见《晨读册》P69 28 考点精练 一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 有标志词 1.[2024宿迁改编]To make our hometown more beautiful, we ______ （plant） many trees and flowers every year. 2.[2024河北改编]Alex ____________（study） tea culture since he came to China in 2010. plant has studied 29 3.[2024北京改编]Tina ______（go） to the old people's home and worked as a volunteer there last Saturday. 4.The traffic problem ____________（become） more serious in a few years. 5.It's six thirty now. The Greens ___________（eat） dinner. 6.At this time yesterday, everyone except Tom and John ______________ （practise） playing basketball on the playground. went will become are eating was practising 30 无标志词 7.The teacher told us that sound _______（travel） faster in water than in the air. 8.She ________（realize） she was wrong at this matter, so she felt very sorry. 9.Let's go and find out why the boy __________（cry） so sadly over there. 10.I didn't notice my mother coming back, because I _____________ （cook） in the kitchen. travels realized is crying was cooking 31 二、选词填空基础练 enjoy lie stick change prefer help 1.[2024达州改编]He __________ country music to pop music when he was young. 2.[2024福建改编]When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he was ________ an old man cross the road. preferred helping 32 3.Mr. Smith felt ill, so he went into his bedroom and ____ down on the bed. 4.We had a school trip last month and I ________ every minute of it. 5.As we know, the weather _________ often in the UK. It's sunny one minute, but rainy the next. 6.As long as he _______ to his dream, his efforts will pay off one day. lay enjoyed changes sticks 33 三、选词填空 Passage 1 help stand put begin have get There was a tree in my garden. One day, two birds came to the tree and built a house for their three newborn babies. One morning, I was 1.________ up when I heard the sound of the little birds. I ran out of my bedroom and found two babies eating food on the ground in the garden. I thought they dropped off their house, so I decided to 2._____ them get back to their house. At that time, the father bird and the mother bird came back. They brought some food for the getting help 34 bird babies. They 3._____ it on the ground far away from their third baby. To get the food, she had to fly to it. Although she was hungry, she was afraid of getting out of the house to eat it. To my surprise, her parents just 4.______ there and did nothing. After about ten minutes, the third baby bird didn't have any other choice. She slowly went to the border（边缘） of the house and 5._______ to fly. She flew down from the house. Finally, she landed safely on the ground and found the food. These birds taught us a lesson：if we want our food, we will 6.______ to learn to fly by ourselves. put stood began have Passage 2（2024重庆改编） take look cook walk get teach enjoy hope keep fall My grandma is almost 80 years old, and she 1.______ very healthy. Many years ago, she was a maths teacher and she 2._______ students maths at No. 1 Middle School in our city. She has been away from her work since over 20 years ago. Every morning, she 3._____ up early and makes breakfast for my family. She doesn't want us to eat outside. She is always saying, “Don't you think mine is better than theirs?” looks taught gets 36 Many elderly people like dancing together in the neighborhood, but my grandma doesn't. She never joins them. One day I asked her why when she was 4.________ in the kitchen. “I'm not that old,” she smiled. My grandma 5._______ walking. She says it is good for her health. She often 6.______ walks in the parks. These days, she has a new hobby. She has 7._______ in love with city walks. “I can talk to people while I am 8._________ with them. I can also enjoy the beauty and the changes of the city. In the next few years, I will 9.______ on walking, and I will walk to every corner of the city,” she says. I 10.______ my grandma will be young, healthy and happy forever! cooking enjoys takes fallen walking keep hope Passage 3 put value taste listen sit celebrate eat order worry be look understand New Year’s Eve（除夕） is the last day of the lunar year and one of the most important traditional holidays in China. People usually 1. ________ it by having a big family dinner. No matter how far and how busy, all the family members will come home and eat the dinner. For this year's Spring Festival family dinner, it’s the first time that my son has 2. _______ a table at the best restaurant. But I'm a bit unhappy about the choice. For me, it just won't feel like Spring Festival to have the dinner out. I celebrated ordered 38 don’t 3. __________ why some people prefer eating out. When I was a little boy, the dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival was really what I 4. ________ forward to most. It was not simply for the delicious food that we seldom 5. _____. More importantly, it was a chance for the whole family to get together. It was also a chance to communicate and understand each other. When I was 6. ________ to the adults chatting about their year, my parents was cooking dishes. In the evening, all of us would 7. ________ around the table, enjoying the food. The simple, homemade dishes 8. ________ more delicious than anything cooked by a top chef. looked ate listening understand sit tasted 39 I hope that, in the future, my children and their children will 9. _______ the memories of preparing the dinner together. To me, the process 10. ____ even more important than the dinner itself. value is 40 $$