精品解析：湖南省娄底市娄底市名校联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题

名校学术联盟·高考模拟信息卷&冲刺卷 英语(一) 本试卷共8页，67题。全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What happened to Sarah? A. Her body ached. B. She hurt her own ankle. C. Her snowboard was broken. 2. Who made the kite for Kitty? A. Her brother. B. Her mother. C. Her father. 3. Where are the speakers? A. At the police station. B. In a car-selling firm. C. At the gas station. 4. What do we know about the man? A. He’ll attend the party. B. He didn’t get the invitation. C. His uncle is visiting him 5. What is the woman’s current major? A. Life Science. B. Automation Science. C. Biology Technology. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man ask the woman to pay for? A. Her parking ticket. B. Her favorite book. C. Her driving class. 7. Where will the woman pay? A. Near her school library. B. At the police station. C. On a website. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When does the conversation take place? A. Before the meal. B. After the meal. C. During the meal. 9. How does the man like the fillings in the cake? A. They’re spicy. B. They’re usual. C. They’re juicy. 10. How much will the speakers pay for the food? A. $4. B. $20. C. $30. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did the woman forget to do in June? A. Apply for a job. B. Register for classes. C. Decide on her major. 12. What course does Professor Smith teach? A Philosophy. B. Sociology. C. Introduction to AI 101. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Make a card. B. Drop out of the school. C. Sign up for the Philosophy class. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Boss and employee. C. Business partners. 15. Who is talking with Lee on the sofa? A. Julie. B. Mary. C. Malia. 16. What did Malia do last month? A. She partnered with Lee. B. She moved to Australia. C. She planned a party. 17. How does the woman view Thomas? A. He has a talent in business. B. He’s hard to get along with. C. He’s heading a department. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What’s special about this year’s competition? A. More participants. B. More original works. C. Younger participants. 19. Which group of winners win an iPad? A. The first-prize winners. B. The second-prize winners. C. The third-prize winners. 20. What’s the text mainly about? A. The importance of being original. B. The comments from the judges. C. The introduction of a competition. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Travelling to a remote destination offers an opportunity to expand your knowledge and understanding of our planet through experiences. Here are some of the best destinations to consider. Rwanda Rwanda is a destination of great natural variety. The remote Volcanoes National Park offers you the country’s most memorable wildlife experiences. Trekking hikes, lasting over four hours, will provide you views of the awe-inspiring mountain gorillas (大猩猩) in their natural habitats, against five of the eight Virunga volcanoes. Considering the specific permits and strict guidelines, it’s best to travel with an informed expert guide. Costa Rica With rainforests brightened by birdsong, lively rivers and volcanic landscapes, Costa Rica’s reputation for exciting travel is one that those in the know have long tried to keep to themselves. You can go white-water rafting on the Pacuare River. With a head for heights, you can get a bird’s-eye view through the rainforests in Herradura Lipsi, Levitha and Amorgos Within the Acgean island groups in Greece, you can find plenty of lesser-visited islands with ancient villages, dome-topped churches and isolated beaches to discover. From the wine in Lipsi to the caves of Amorgos, visiting quieter islands means that the economic benefits of tournsm can be spread to businesses located outside major tourist hotspots. Antarctica Antarctic wildlife is as fascinating as its landscapes, with many spectacular species to spot. Keep your eyes open for several different types of penguins, seals and whales. A trip to Antarctica also provides you an opportunity to visit many fascinating historic sites. It’s best to explore in the company of expert guides, who can share their in-depth knowledge about this original environment. 1. What will impress people in Rwanda? A. Its ancient villages. B. Its mountain gorillas. C. Its polar wildlife species. D. Its natural rainforest views. 2. Where can you go for an exciting travel in the rainforests? A. Rwanda. B. Antarctica. C. Costa Rica. D. Lipsi, Levitha and Amorgos. 3. What is advised for visitors to Antarctica? A. Following specific strict guidelines B. Keeping off animals’ natural habitats. C. Keeping the experience to themselves. D. Exploring the place with an expert guide. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个游客较少的绝妙旅游景点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Rwanda部分中的“Trekking hikes, lasting over four hours, will provide you views of the awe-inspiring mountain gorillas (大猩猩) in their natural habitats, against five of the eight Virunga volcanoes.(徒步旅行持续四个多小时，将为您提供令人敬畏的山地大猩猩在自然栖息地的景色，与维龙加八座火山中的五座相对)”可知，卢旺达的山地大猩猩会让人印象深刻。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Costa Rica部分中“With rainforests brightened by birdsong, lively rivers and volcanic landscapes, Costa Rica’s reputation for exciting travel is one that those in the know have long tried to keep to themselves.(拥有被鸟鸣声点亮的雨林、生机勃勃的河流和火山地貌，哥斯达黎加作为激动人心的旅游目的地的声誉，是那些知情者长久以来试图保守的秘密)”可知，在哥斯达黎加，你能在热带雨林进行一次令人兴奋的旅行。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s best to explore in the company of expert guides, who can share their in-depth knowledge about this original environment.(最好在专家导游的陪同下进行探索，他们可以分享他们对这个原始环境的深入了解)”可知，建议在南极洲探险的时候找一位专家导游，导游能告诉你关于这片自然环境的一些深度知识。故选D。 B Sometimes, good advice takes time to sink in. When I first read Thoreau’s Walden, I was attracted by his call to simplify our lives. Nevertheless, I ignored his advice for forty years and enjoyed my life with possessions. But one morning, an incident occurred that illustrated the wisdom of Thoreau’s advice and changed my life. It was January 13, a bright Sunday morning at my home in Minnesota. My challenge was to remove twelve inches of snow from my driveway before my favorite soccer game began. Whenever I tried to blow the snow out of my driveway, my snowblower ran just seconds before it stopped. So I had to wheel the machine back into the garage to check and repair. Meanwhile, my neighbor smiled and waved as he finished clearing the snow using his snowblower. I abandoned the snowblower and seized a shovel, clearing a path through the driveway wide enough in fifteen minutes. After watching the game, I took apart the snowblower and dropped the pieces into a large trash can, feeling a rush of freedom. Now, no more trips to the gas station, and no more oil changes or breakdowns. I shared my insight with my wife Carolyn, who was supportive. Whenever it snowed heavily, we skipped working out at the gym and shoveled the driveway together. The task never took more than thirty minutes and was followed by a celebratory cup of hot chocolate. A new winter tradition was born. Following Thoreau’s advice to simplify life, I made a system for sorting through my possessions to decide what to keep, sell, donate, or desert and encouraged Carolyn to join me in my effort. By the time we retired, we moved to a retirement community with a small rental truck, saving thousands of dollars. In retirement, we continue to enjoy the benefits of owning no more than we need. The less we own, the less we have to take care of, and the more time we have to pursue activities that bring us joy: biking, hiking, reading, and travelling. We are glad we took Thoreau’s advice. 4. How did the author react to Thoreau’s advice at first? A. He ignored it and kept his habits. B. He advocated the lifestyle to his friends. C. He abandoned his private possessions. D. He made improvements according to it. 5. What did the author plan to do after clearing the snow? A. Drive to the local gym for sports. B. Read Thoreau’s book for advice. C. Enjoy his favorite sports program. D. Take the snowblower to the gas station. 6. What was the author’s new family tradition? A. Sorting through the possessions to make donations. B. Celebrating their physical work with hot chocolate. C. Doing the repairs of their possessions by themselves. D. Getting people in the neighborhood to clear the snow. 7. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Good advice takes little time to be absorbed. B. Simplicity makes room for more joy in life. C. Owning more than enough brings us benefits. D. Exchanging our possessions boosts happiness. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一次铲雪的经历中受到一本小说中的人生哲理的启发，开始践行简约生活的原则，并从中感受到人生的快乐。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Sometimes, good advice takes time to sink in. When I first read Thoreau’s Walden, I was attracted by his call to simplify our lives. Nevertheless, I ignored his advice for forty years and enjoyed my life with possessions.(有时候，好的建议需要时间才能理解。当我第一次读梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》时，我被他简化我们生活的呼吁所吸引。尽管如此，我四十年来一直无视他的建议，享受着拥有财产的生活)”可知，作者忽略了该作家的建议，继续保持原有的生活习惯，故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“My challenge was to remove twelve inches of snow from my driveway before my favorite soccer game began.(我的挑战是在我最喜欢的足球比赛开始之前，把车道上12英寸的雪清除掉)”可知，清除完积雪后，作者打算欣赏他最喜欢的体育节目。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenever it snowed heavily, we skipped working out at the gym and shoveled the driveway together. The task never took more than thirty minutes and was followed by a celebratory cup of hot chocolate. A new winter tradition was born.(每当下大雪的时候，我们就不去健身房锻炼，而是一起去铲车道。这项任务不超过30分钟，然后是一杯热巧克力以示庆祝。一个新的冬季传统诞生了)”可知，作者的新家庭传统是用热巧克力庆祝他们的体力劳动。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In retirement, we continue to enjoy the benefits of owning no more than we need. The less we own, the less we have to take care of, and the more time we have to pursue activities that bring us joy: biking, hiking, reading, and travelling.(退休后，我们继续享受着拥有不超过我们需要的东西的好处。我们拥有的越少，需要照顾的就越少，我们就有越多的时间去追求能给我们带来快乐的活动：骑自行车、徒步旅行、阅读和旅行)”可知，作者在最后一段暗示简单为生活中的快乐腾出空间。故选B。 C In Mirabella, a 20-storey “university retirement community” at Arizona State University (ASU), a group of men and women sit attentively in class, writing notes or taking photos of the slides. But the hearing aids hint at how unusual this class is. Mirabella is home to over 300 retirees. When it opened in 2020, the senior-living facility was nearly fully subscribed. Most residents get a university pass, which allows them to attend the same classes and cultural events as students, without having to take exams. Golf trucks can drive them around the campus, though many are still fit enough to mountain bike. In their dorms, restaurants serve good food and the facilities include an art studio, a pool and gym, and a games room. Only the second floor feels institutional, with a memory-care centre and rooms for residents who need round-the-clock attention. This is part of a wider trend. An estimated 85 colleges in America provide some forms of senior living. The idea sprang from two college presidents who wanted to retire on campus in the 1980s. Today, universities offer senior-living arrangements, with as many as 20,000 older Americans living like this. With more than 10,000 baby-boomers in America turning 65 every day, the opportunity for alternative forms of retirement is large. Compared with previous generations, boomers are wealthy, educated and picky. They want to remain active, stimulated and not locked away. These wishes can all be met on a university campus. For universities, welcoming retirees can make sense, too. Nationally, undergraduate enrolment has dropped. The smartest universities provide continued care-including for the very last stage of life. Bill, an 80-year-old former newspaper editor, moved to Mirabella with his wife two years ago. They have made friends with residents and with younger students. “Being among young people is really invigorating,” said Bill. At a discussion group about AI, one of the topics was whether a lifespan of 200 or 250 years would be desirable. “The 20-year-olds were enthusiastic,” he reflected, but those in their 70s and 80s had some reservations. 8. What implies the difference of the group of people attending class in Mirabella? A. They don’t take notes in class. B. They take photos of the lectures. C. Some of them wear hearing aids. D. They have their own institutions. 9. What’s the trend described in the text? A. Colleges provide senior living services. B. Senior professors remain active in class. C. Baby-boomers have changed social norms. D. Seniors come back to class for education. 10. What does the underlined word “invigorating” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Astonishing. B. Demanding. C. Depressing. D. Inspiring. 11. How does the author view the universities’ welcome of retirees? A. Negatively. B. Positively. C. Indifferently. D. Objectively. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国一些大学为老年人提供退休生活服务的现象，并分析了这一趋势的原因及其对老年人和大学双方的益处。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But the hearing aids hint at how unusual this class is.(但是助听器暗示了这个班级有多么不寻常)”可知，有些人戴着助听器，这暗示了参加弥拉贝拉课堂的人群的不同之处。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Today, universities offer senior-living arrangements, with as many as 20,000 older Americans living like this(如今，大学提供老年生活安排，多达2万名美国老年人过着这样的生活)”可知，文本描述的趋势是大学提供老年生活服务。故选A项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“They have made friends with residents and with younger students. (他们和居民以及年轻学生交朋友)”以及“Being among young people is really…,” said Bill.(和年轻人在一起真的很……，比尔说)”可知，他们和居民以及年轻学生交朋友，由此可推知他们和年轻人在一起感到生机勃勃，invigorating的意思是“感到生机勃勃的”，与D项“Inspiring(鼓舞人心的)”含义接近。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For universities, welcoming retirees can make sense, too. (对大学来说，欢迎退休人员也是有道理的)”可知作者认为对大学来说，欢迎退休人员也是有道理的，可推知，作者对大学欢迎退休人员的态度是积极的。故选B项。 D So many of us struggle to be the boss, attracted to the promise of more money or the comfort of having a ladder to climb. Then the job keeps getting harder. Managers oversee (监督) nearly three times as many people today as they did in 2017, according to data from research and advisory firm Gartner. Nearly one in five managers says that, given a choice, they’d prefer not to oversee people. “That’s what we call buyer’s regret,” says Swagatam Basu, a senior director in human resources practice. You can switch back. The trick is figuring out a way to maintain your pay and influence. The number of people you manage is a match for your power. Some companies now use special individual-contributor tracks, meant to ensure that technical experts have a set path to climb. Making the shift could still feel like a relief, though we have to give something up. Jenny Blake, who led a team at Google at age 24, switched to an individual contributor job. She felt it had a much bigger impact than her management. Now an author and speaker focusing on careers and business, she recommends beginning the transition (过渡) conversation by laying out your unique strengths and how they can better serve the company in a new role, thus becoming an industry expert. “Even if a company has opportunities for individual contributors to grow, it doesn’t mean you’ll rise to the top smoothly. Partners without their own teams are treated like second-class citizens, and managers have the opportunity to make higher salaries and bonuses than common individual contributors,” says Kristopher Osborne, a company’s senior president of talent. “You are paid a bonus to deal with a lot more issues and challenges,” he says of managers. “People have to be realistic.” He recommends ambitious individual contributors show they’re bringing leadership to the company in different ways, like running strategy initiatives, coaching teammates or bringing new initiatives to the organization on board. 12. What’s the buyer’s regret in Basu’s opinion? A. Human resources practice. B. An unexpected purchase. C. Heavy loss in investment. D. Fighting up to the leadership. 13. What does Jenny Blake suggest for the role switch? A. Joining forces with other contributors. B. Beginning a new business partnership. C. Setting an individual track to climb up. D. Showing one’s strengths in the new role. 14. What can be inferred about individual contributors from the last paragraph? A. They can earn more than managers B. They suffer discrimination from partners. C. They have to show other managing talent. D. They usually tend to set unrealistic target 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Take Time to Try to Be Managers B. Be Contributors if You Hate Managing C. Throw Away the Headache of Managing D. Open up Another Career Path if You Want 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是对于那些厌倦成为职场经理去管理他人的人，他们可以选择成为公司的独立贡献人，这样的身份能让他们在不损失收入的前提下专心做自己的事，但是要想做到这一点，需要有自己的长处和才华。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“So many of us struggle to be the boss, attracted to the promise of more money or the comfort of having a ladder to climb. Then the job keeps getting harder. Managers oversee (监督) nearly three times as many people today as they did in 2017, according to data from research and advisory firm Gartner. Nearly one in five managers says that, given a choice, they’d prefer not to oversee people.(我们中的许多人都在努力成为老板，被更多钱的承诺或有阶梯可爬的舒适感所吸引。然后工作变得越来越难。根据研究和咨询公司高德纳的数据，如今管理人员管理的人数几乎是2017年的三倍。近五分之一的管理者表示，如果可以选择的话，他们宁愿不去管人)”可知，很多人在经过努力成为管理人员之后发现工作变得越来越难。所以他们后悔了，说宁愿不去管人。这种现象被称作“买方的后悔”。由此推知，在巴苏看来，买方的后悔是指“努力奋斗成为领导的过程”。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Now an author and speaker focusing on careers and business, she recommends beginning the transition (过渡) conversation by laying out your unique strengths and how they can better serve the company in a new role, thus becoming an industry expert.(现在，她是一位专注于职业和商业的作家和演说家，她建议在开始过渡谈话时，先阐述自己的独特优势，以及如何在新的岗位上更好地为公司服务，从而成为行业专家)”可知，珍妮·布莱克对角色转换的建议是在新的角色中显示自己的优势。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“He recommends ambitious individual contributors show they’re bringing leadership to the company in different ways, like running strategy initiatives, coaching teammates or bringing new initiatives to the organization on board.(他建议雄心勃勃的个人贡献者以不同的方式展示他们为公司带来领导力，比如执行战略计划、指导队友或为组织带来新的计划)”可推知，个人贡献者必须展示其他管理才能。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲的是对于那些厌倦成为职场经理去管理他人的人，他们可以选择成为公司的独立贡献人，这样的身份能让他们在不损失收入的前提下专心做自己的事，但是要想做到这一点，需要有自己的长处和才华。由此可知，B项“Be Contributors if You Hate Managing(如果你讨厌管理，就做贡献者吧)”作为本文的标题，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Beating the summer heat is on many people’s minds, including ours. We’ve collected a few suggestions from our readers about how to stay cool in the absence of air conditioning. Get close to Mother Nature. ____16____. Lakes, beaches and rivers are popular places of recreation. They are also a great place to escape the heat. But for children, it is important to ensure that they are accompanied by adults. Let the iceblock melt. Take blocks of ice out of the fridge an hour or two before bedtime, lay towels on the bed and put the blocks on the towels. ____17____. Then you can put your pillows on top. By the time you come to bed, both your bed and pillows are nice and cool. Make sure you use lots of towels. ____18____ Take an ice pack and fan it. Take a frozen ice pack, stand it upright in a shallow dish (to catch condensation) and put it in front of a small fan. The air is cooled as it flows around the ice pack. ____19____. Just enjoy your cool idea! ____20____ This is a longer-term heat-beating strategy. “Years ago I planted shade trees all over the place,” one reader Maland says. This can shade the side of her house that gets direct sunlight. Once the sun comes up and it starts to warm up outside, she shuts all the windows and doors, leaves a fan blowing in each room, pulls the curtains and seals in the cool air. Her house can stay comfortable into the afternoon. A. Cover them with another layer of towels B. Create enough shade to beat summer heat C. Otherwise your bed and pillows will get damp D It lasts long enough even for you to fall asleep E. Our top suggestion would be to seek out bodies of water F. The floor fan blows directly on people all day and all night long G. While studying, I place a large bottle of frozen water on my lap 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章告诉我们如何在没有空调的情况下度过炎炎夏日。 【16题详解】 根据下句“Lakes, beaches and rivers are popular places of recreation. They are also a great place to escape the heat.(湖泊、海滩和河流是受欢迎的娱乐场所，它们也是避暑的好地方。)”，选项E. Our top suggestion would be to seek out bodies of water(我们的首要建议是寻找水体)是对下句中湖泊、海滩和河流的概括和总结，同时也是文章提出的第一条建议，与该段主题句“Get close to Mother Nature.(亲近大自然。)”意思相符。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上句“Take blocks of ice out of the fridge an hour or two before bedtime, lay towels on the bed and put the blocks on the towels.(睡前一两个小时从冰箱里拿出冰块，在床上铺上毛巾，把冰块放在毛巾上。)”，选项A. Cover them with another layer of towels(再盖上一层毛巾)中的“them”指代上句中的“blocks”，“another layer of towels”与“towels”意思衔接，承接上文；下句“Then you can put your pillows on top.(然后你可以把枕头放在上面。)”继续说明了接下来的步骤，符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据上句“Make sure you use lots of towels.(一定要用很多毛巾。)”，选项C. Otherwise your bed and pillows will get damp(否则你的床和枕头会受潮)指出了如果毛巾不够会产生的后果，句意连贯，符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Take a frozen ice pack, stand it upright in a shallow dish (to catch condensation) and put it in front of a small fan. The air is cooled as it flows around the ice pack.(拿一个冰冻的冰袋，把它直立放在一个浅盘子里（防止凝结），然后把它放在一个小风扇前面，空气在冰袋周围流动时被冷却。)”，选项D. It lasts long enough even for you to fall asleep(它能持续很长时间，甚至能让你入睡)中的“It”指代上文所描述的情况，空气被冷却可以持续很长时间，助你入睡，语意衔接合理，符合文章主题。故选D。 20题详解】 空处为最后一段段落主题句，参考二、三、四段，应为祈使句；根据下文““Years ago I planted shade trees all over the place,” one reader Maland says. This can shade the side of her house that gets direct sunlight.(“几年前，我到处种了遮荫树，”一位读者马兰说。这可以遮蔽她的房子得到阳光直射的一面。)”和该段内容可知，该段主要提出了在房子周围栽种植物给房屋降温的办法，选项B. Create enough shade to beat summer heat(创造足够的阴凉处来抵御夏天的炎热)符合该段主题。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After completing high school, I had the hope of continuing my education at a university. But the ___21___ kept piling up. I had no money despite working three jobs, so I had to ___22___ from the community college. Still, I held on to a lesson my parents had ___23___ in me: everything bad comes with something good. As the eldest daughter of five children of an immigrant family to the US, I worked at ___24___ jobs and at 16 became ___25___ independent. Through it all, my education meant everything to me. I thought if I did well in my ___26___ work, everything else would fall into place. But when I gained ___27___ to many top public universities across the state, my heart ___28___ since I couldn’t afford it. I couldn’t take out large amounts of student loan debt given my family’s economic ___29___. Besides, being first generation from an immigrant household, I didn’t understand what scholarships were and how to ____30____ - and even if I did, scholarships wouldn’t replace my ____31____ as my family’s economic provider if I left. I spent 7 years working many jobs while slowly ____32____ community college credits. Then, as my sisters were older, I moved on to a 4-year university. I ____33____ organic chemistry with Dr. Farmer. In his office hours, I discovered my ____34____. Within 6 months, I was running columns in his lab. Now I’m close to getting my Ph.D. degree in organic chemistry. I am so glad I never ____35____ my childhood dream. 21. A. opportunities B. functions C. challenges D. consequences 22. A. benefit B. withdraw C. borrow D. slide 23. A. planted B. delivered C. assessed D. arranged 24. A. positive B. multiple C. adorable D. efficient 25. A. technically B. normally C. visually D. financially 26. A. reasonable B. academic C. elegant D. familiar 27. A. reputation B. recognition C. admission D. adoption 28. A. beat B. stopped C. failed D. sank 29. A. situation B. recovery C. policy D. system 30. A. compare B. observe C. apply D. avoid 31. A. advantage B. desire C. behavior D. role 32. A. marking B. earning C. donating D. decreasing 33. A. viewed B. mentioned C. took D. designed 34. A. mood B. standard C. disadvantage D. curiosity 35. A. gave up B. picked up C. kept up D. cleared up 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高中毕业后，作者因经济困难从社区大学退学，但牢记凡事有好的一面，花了七年时间边打工，边获取社区大学的学分，后来上了四年制大学，如今快拿到博士学位，作者很高兴自己没有放弃童年的梦想。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但挑战不断堆积。A. opportunities机会；B. functions功能；C. challenges挑战；D. consequences后果。根据下文“I had no money despite working three jobs”可知，作者打三份工却没有钱，无法继续大学教育，因此是指挑战不断堆积。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打三份工却没有钱，所以我不得不从社区大学退学。A. benefit使受益；B. withdraw退出；C. borrow借入；D. slide滑动。根据上文“I had no money despite working three jobs”可知，作者打三份工却没有钱，因此不得不从社区大学退学，短语withdraw from意为“从……退出，离开”。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是牢牢记住了父母灌输给我的一个教训：凡事都有好的一面。A. planted灌输；B. delivered递送；C. assessed评估；D. arranged安排。根据上文“I held on to a lesson my parents”和下文“in me”可推知，此处指父母灌输给自己的一个教训，短语plant sth. in sb.意为“把某事物灌输给某人”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个美国移民家庭五个孩子中的大女儿，我打过好几份工，16岁时经济独立。A. positive积极的；B. multiple多个的；C. adorable可爱的；D. efficient高效的。根据上文“despite working three jobs”可知，作者做过多个工作，即打过好几份工。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一个美国移民家庭五个孩子中的大女儿，我打过好几份工，16岁时经济独立。A. technically技术上；B. normally正常地；C. visually视觉上；D. financially经济上。根据上文“I worked at ___4___ jobs”可知，作者能自己工作，由此可知，16岁时她实现了经济独立。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想如果我在学业上做得好，其他的事情就会水到渠成。A. reasonable合理的；B. academic学术的；C. elegant优雅的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Through it all, my education meant everything to me.”可知，对作者而言，教育就是一切，因此此处是继续说明对教育的看法，作者觉得如果自己在学业上做得好，其他的事情就会水到渠成。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我被全州许多顶尖公立大学录取时，我的心沉了下来，因为我付不起学费。A. reputation声誉；B. recognition认可；C. admission录取；D. adoption采纳。根据上文“After completing high school, I had the hope of continuing my education at a university.”可知，作者希望在大学继续自己的教育，因此此处指被许多顶尖公立大学录取。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我被全州许多顶尖公立大学录取时，我的心沉了下来，因为我付不起学费。A. beat跳动；B. stopped停止；C. failed失败；D. sank下沉。根据下文“since I couldn’t afford it”可知，作者付不起上大学的学费，因此她的心沉了下来。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我的家庭经济状况，我无法获得大量的学生贷款。A. situation情况；B. recovery恢复；C. policy政策；D. system系统。根据上文“I couldn’t take out large amounts of student loan debt”可推知，作者无法获得大量的学生贷款是因为家庭经济状况不佳，无法通过贷款的评估。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，作为移民家庭的第一代，我不明白奖学金是什么，也不知道如何申请——即使我知道，如果我离开，奖学金也无法取代我作为家庭经济支柱的角色。A. compare比较；B. observe观察；C. apply申请；D. avoid避免。根据上文“Besides, being first generation from an immigrant household, I didn’t understand what scholarships were”可知，作为移民家庭的第一代，作者不明白奖学金是什么，因此更无从知道如何申请奖学金。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，作为移民家庭的第一代，我不明白奖学金是什么，也不知道如何申请——即使我知道，如果我离开，奖学金也无法取代我作为家庭经济支柱的角色。A. advantage优势；B. desire欲望；C. behavior行为；D. role角色。根据下文“as my family’s economic provider”可推知，作者是家庭经济支柱的角色，即使作者能获得奖学金，这份钱也无法支撑整个家庭的经济。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了7年时间做了很多工作，同时慢慢地获得了社区大学的学分。A. marking标记；B. earning获得；C. donating捐赠；D. decreasing减少。根据下文“Then, as my sisters were older, I moved on to a 4-year university.”可知，作者后来去上了四年制大学，由此可知，她是慢慢获得了社区大学的学分，取得上四年制大学的资格。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟Farmer博士学有机化学。A. viewed观看；B. mentioned提及；C. took学习；D. designed设计。根据上文“Then, as my sisters were older, I moved on to a 4-year university.”可知，作者后来去上了四年制大学，因此在大学里跟着这位博士学有机化学。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他的办公时间里，我发现了我的好奇心。A. mood情绪；B. standard标准；C. disadvantage劣势；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“Within 6 months, I was running columns in his lab.”可知，很快作者就在实验室里开始跑柱子的实验操作了，由此可知，她对有机化学很有兴趣，是发现了自己的好奇心。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很高兴我没有放弃我童年的梦想。A. gave up放弃；B. picked up捡起；C. kept up保持；D. cleared up清理。根据上文“After completing high school, I had the hope of continuing my education at a university.”和“I spent 7 years working many jobs while slowly ___12___ community college credits. Then, as my sisters were older, I moved on to a 4-year university.”可知，作者从未放弃过上大学继续接受教育的想法，一直在努力实现自己的梦想，因此此处指很高兴自己没有放弃童年的梦想。故选A。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese culture has long been shaped by its deep-rooted emphasis on family values. These values form the foundation of Chinese society. Filial piety, or “xiao”, is a cornerstone of Chinese family values. ____36____ (develop) from Confucian teachings, it emphasizes the importance of respecting and caring for one’s parents and elders. Children ____37____ (teach) to honor their parents’ wisdom and experience, and to provide support and care as they age. Education is ____38____ (high) valued in Chinese family values, viewed as a means of upward mobility and ____39____ (person) growth. Parents invest significant resources into their children’s education, with academic achievement serving ____40____ a symbol of family honor. The pursuit of success is deeply rooted in Chinese culture, driven by a desire to provide a better future for the family. As China ____41____ (experience) rapid social and economic changes now, traditional family values are evolving. While ____42____ core values remain unchanged, their expression and application have adapted to accommodate the various ____43____ (demand) of a modem society. But the principles of harmony, respect, and shared responsibility continue to guide family relationships, ____44____ have nurtured close-knit family units and formed a sense of belonging and support. Chinese family values remind us of the enduring importance of respect and harmony, _____45_____ (emphasize) the deep impact that strong family bonds can have on individuals and society as a whole. 【答案】36. Developed 37. are taught 38. highly 39. personal 40. as 41. is experiencing 42. the 43. demands 44. which 45. emphasizing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国家庭价值观的核心要素，如孝道与教育的重要性，及其在现代社会中的演变与发展。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它源于儒家学说，强调尊重和照顾父母及长辈的重要性。此处为非谓语动词作状语，develop与逻辑主语it指代的Filial piety之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式，单词位于句首首字母大写。故填Developed。 【37题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：孩子们被教导要尊崇父母的智慧与经验，并在他们年老时提供支持和关怀。此处为谓语动词，结合语境以及上文的谓语动词emphasizes以及从句中的谓语动词age可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，使用一般现在时，teach与主语Children之间为被动关系，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数。故填are taught。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：教育在中国的家庭价值观中被高度重视，被视为向上流动和个人成长的途径。此处为副词作状语修饰谓语动词，high的副词highly意为“高度地”表示程度，符合句意。故填highly。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：教育在中国的家庭价值观中被高度重视，被视为向上流动和个人成长的途径。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词growth，person的形容词为personal意为“个人的”符合句意。故填personal。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：家长们投入大量资源于子女的教育上，学术成就作为家庭荣誉的象征。此处为固定短语serve as意为“充当，用作”符合句意，所以此处使用介词as。故填as。 【41题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：随着中国正在经历快速的社会和经济变迁，传统家庭价值观也在演变。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及时间状语now可知，此处使用现在进行时，表示动作正在进行，主语China为第三人称单数。故填is experiencing。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：虽然核心价值观保持不变，但它们的表现形式和应用方式已经调整以适应现代社会的各种需求。结合句意，此处表示的是上文提到的核心价值，所以此处表示特指，使用定冠词the。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：虽然核心价值观保持不变，但它们的表现形式和应用方式已经调整以适应现代社会的各种需求。此处为名词作宾语，demand为可数名词，意为“需求”，且空前有various修饰，所以此处使用名词复数。故填demands。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，和谐、尊重和共同责任的原则继续指导着家庭关系，培育了紧密的家庭单元，并形成了归属感和支持体系。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为主句的主语，指事物，所以使用关系代词which。故填which。 【45题详解】 考非谓语动词查。句意：中华家庭价值观提醒我们尊敬与和谐的持久重要性，强调了牢固的家庭纽带对个人乃至整个社会所能产生的深远影响。此处为非谓语动词作状语，emphasize与逻辑主语Chinese family values之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填emphasizing。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你校志愿者团队将在本周日上午举办一次器乐演奏活动，请你给英国交换生朋友Robert写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动时间、地点； 3. 活动内容。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Robert, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Robert, To enrich our life on campus and get us refreshed from our routine studies, our school has scheduled a music performance this coming Sunday morning. Knowing that you have a keen interest in Chinese musical instrument and Chinese music, I sincerely extend my invitation for you to come along and enjoy it. The performance will be held at the school concert hall. Present at the show will be our talented students. Watching their wonderful performances will prove a feast to the eye, providing us a brilliant chance to dip into classic and modern Chinese music. Some experts will also be there to show their talent. Therefore, it’s my sincere hope that you can attend the performance. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给英国交换生朋友Robert写封邮件，邀请他参加本校志愿者团队举办的器乐演奏活动，需向对方说明活动目的，点明活动具体的时间和地点，并介绍活动的主要内容。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 安排：schedule→arrange, organize 即将到来的：coming→approaching, forthcoming 对……感兴趣：have an interest in→be interested in 机会：chance→opportunity 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To enrich our life on campus and get us refreshed from our routine studies, our school has scheduled a music performance this coming Sunday morning. 拓展句：In order that our life on campus can be enriched and we can get refreshed from our routine studies, our school has scheduled a music performance this coming Sunday morning. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you have a keen interest in Chinese musical instrument and Chinese music, I sincerely extend my invitation for you to come along and enjoy it. (运用了现在分词作状语、that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Therefore, it’s my sincere hope that you can attend the performance. (运用了that引导主语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 By nature, I’m a shy person. I don’t like to be front and center. I am uncomfortable in unfamiliar situations, and I dislike being the “new kid” in a group of people. My retired husband and I had moved to California to be near our daughter and her family. After everything was settled, I felt restless and somewhat lonely. When I told my elderly neighbor that I still didn’t know anyone, she said, “Nobody is going to come knocking on your door. Get out there and look for them.” One afternoon, I noticed a small ad in our local newspaper asking for Support Volunteers to help out at the fire department. Maybe I could do some filing or other office work. I called and was told they were starting a class to train new volunteers. When I realized that everyone was going to be new at the same time, I smiled. I was interviewed, and passed. I was nervous on the first day. But as soon as I met the other new volunteers, I discovered this particular group was made up of retired people with interests similar to my own. They wanted to be active and wanted to be of service to the community. The Support Volunteers came from many different walks of life. Together, we made up an efficient, knowledgeable, and capable team. When the training was completed, we were issued fire-department dress uniforms. Each of us was on duty for twenty-four hours, one day a week, with a partner. While on duty, we transferred mail and equipment to and from the city’s seven fire stations, and fire/police headquarters. We also taught businesses and the public how to use fire extinguishers (灭火器) , and handed out fire-prevention information at community events. I became well qualified for my service. Although I initially joined the volunteers to meet people, I continued my satisfying work with the Support Volunteers because of something that happened a few years ago. In that particular summer night, in the place I lived, a large wildfire was burning, causing a threat to people in the city. The department where I volunteered had been asked to gather up everyone to the shelter center in case the fire lost control. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Upon receiving the order, we sprang into action. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Wheeling the elderly man to the center, I knew we had to put up there. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Upon receiving the order, we sprang into action. Divided into several groups, we were sent to different neighborhoods of the city. Just as I was looking into the neighborhood, an elderly man in his wheelchair caught my attention. From the confusion on his face, I could tell that he didn’t know what was actually happening, and where everyone else had gone to. Hurrying up to him, I explained what was happening and what everyone was asked to do. He gladly allowed me to wheel him to the shelter center. Wheeling the elderly man to the center, I knew we had to put up there. Before long, we volunteers went about our duties, taking out the food we’d prepared and presenting it to everyone present. Meanwhile, we cooked delicious supper for them. Seeing the contented expression on their faces, I felt wonderful that I could do something for everyone. The fire could be controlled, and everything would return to normal. Nothing could be better than the feeling that I was helping to make a difference in the life of other people. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了性格内向的作者随丈夫搬到加利福尼亚后，感到寂寞烦躁，于是应聘成为了一名帮助消防部门的志愿者，希望可以结交一些朋友。培训结束后，作者与同伴们相处融洽，顺利上岗。一次巨大的野火让作者真正投入到了志愿工作中去，尽职的工作帮助了很多人，也得到了人们的认可，作者也因此一直继续着这份志愿者工作。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一接到命令，我们就立即行动起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者和其他志愿者们具体的行动，以及对一个坐着轮椅的老人的帮助。 ②由第二段首句内容“我把老人推到中心，我知道我们必须在那里过夜。”可知，第二段可描写作者和其他志愿者们在中心为准备人们的露宿所做的具体服务，以及作者的感受。 2. 续写线索：立即行动——分组援助——注意到坐轮椅的老人——解释、安抚——推老人到中心——分发食物——制作晚餐——感受——点明主题 3. 词汇激活： 行为类： ①发生：happen/take place ②允许：allow/permit ③被要求做：be asked to do/be requested to do ④展示、呈现：present/display 情绪类： ①困惑：confusion/puzzlement ②满意的：contented/satisfied 【点睛】【高分句型1】From the confusion on his face, I could tell that he didn’t know what was actually happening, and where everyone else had gone to. (运用了以连接词that引导的宾语从句和what以及where连接的两个并列的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Before long, we volunteers went about our duties, taking out the food we’d prepared and presenting it to everyone present. (运用了现在分词作状语和省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句) 1-5 AABCC 6-10 ACBCB 11-15 BACAB 16-20 BABAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 名校学术联盟·高考模拟信息卷&冲刺卷 英语(一) 本试卷共8页，67题。全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What happened to Sarah? A. Her body ached. B. She hurt her own ankle. C. Her snowboard was broken. 2. Who made the kite for Kitty? A. Her brother. B. Her mother. C. Her father. 3. Where are the speakers? A. At the police station. B. In a car-selling firm. C. At the gas station. 4. What do we know about the man? A. He’ll attend the party. B. He didn’t get the invitation. C. His uncle is visiting him 5. What is the woman’s current major? A. Life Science. B. Automation Science. C. Biology Technology. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man ask the woman to pay for? A. Her parking ticket. B. Her favorite book. C. Her driving class. 7. Where will the woman pay? A. Near her school library. B. At the police station. C. On a website. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When does the conversation take place? A. Before the meal. B. After the meal. C. During the meal. 9. How does the man like the fillings in the cake? A. They’re spicy. B. They’re usual. C. They’re juicy. 10. How much will the speakers pay for the food? A. $4. B. $20. C. $30. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did the woman forget to do in June? A. Apply for a job. B. Register for classes. C. Decide on her major. 12. What course does Professor Smith teach? A. Philosophy. B. Sociology. C. Introduction to AI 101. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Make a card. B. Drop out of the school. C. Sign up for the Philosophy class. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Boss and employee. C. Business partners. 15. Who is talking with Lee on the sofa? A. Julie. B. Mary. C. Malia. 16. What did Malia do last month? A. She partnered with Lee. B. She moved to Australia. C. She planned a party. 17. How does the woman view Thomas? A. He has a talent in business. B. He’s hard to get along with. C. He’s heading a department. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What’s special about this year’s competition? A. More participants. B. More original works. C. Younger participants. 19. Which group of winners win an iPad? A. The first-prize winners. B. The second-prize winners. C. The third-prize winners. 20. What’s the text mainly about? A. The importance of being original. B. The comments from the judges. C. The introduction of a competition. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Travelling to a remote destination offers an opportunity to expand your knowledge and understanding of our planet through experiences. Here are some of the best destinations to consider. Rwanda Rwanda is a destination of great natural variety. The remote Volcanoes National Park offers you the country’s most memorable wildlife experiences. Trekking hikes, lasting over four hours, will provide you views of the awe-inspiring mountain gorillas (大猩猩) in their natural habitats, against five of the eight Virunga volcanoes. Considering the specific permits and strict guidelines, it’s best to travel with an informed expert guide. Costa Rica With rainforests brightened by birdsong, lively rivers and volcanic landscapes, Costa Rica’s reputation for exciting travel is one that those in the know have long tried to keep to themselves. You can go white-water rafting on the Pacuare River. With a head for heights, you can get a bird’s-eye view through the rainforests in Herradura Lipsi, Levitha and Amorgos Within the Acgean island groups in Greece, you can find plenty of lesser-visited islands with ancient villages, dome-topped churches and isolated beaches to discover. From the wine in Lipsi to the caves of Amorgos, visiting quieter islands means that the economic benefits of tournsm can be spread to businesses located outside major tourist hotspots. Antarctica Antarctic wildlife is as fascinating as its landscapes, with many spectacular species to spot. Keep your eyes open for several different types of penguins, seals and whales. A trip to Antarctica also provides you an opportunity to visit many fascinating historic sites. It’s best to explore in the company of expert guides, who can share their in-depth knowledge about this original environment. 1. What will impress people in Rwanda? A. Its ancient villages. B. Its mountain gorillas. C. Its polar wildlife species. D. Its natural rainforest views. 2. Where can you go for an exciting travel in the rainforests? A. Rwanda. B. Antarctica. C. Costa Rica. D. Lipsi, Levitha and Amorgos. 3. What is advised for visitors to Antarctica? A. Following specific strict guidelines B. Keeping off animals’ natural habitats. C. Keeping the experience to themselves. D. Exploring the place with an expert guide. B Sometimes, good advice takes time to sink in. When I first read Thoreau’s Walden, I was attracted by his call to simplify our lives. Nevertheless, I ignored his advice for forty years and enjoyed my life with possessions. But one morning, an incident occurred that illustrated the wisdom of Thoreau’s advice and changed my life. It was January 13, a bright Sunday morning at my home in Minnesota. My challenge was to remove twelve inches of snow from my driveway before my favorite soccer game began. Whenever I tried to blow the snow out of my driveway, my snowblower ran just seconds before it stopped. So I had to wheel the machine back into the garage to check and repair. Meanwhile, my neighbor smiled and waved as he finished clearing the snow using his snowblower. I abandoned the snowblower and seized a shovel, clearing a path through the driveway wide enough in fifteen minutes. After watching the game, I took apart the snowblower and dropped the pieces into a large trash can, feeling a rush of freedom. Now, no more trips to the gas station, and no more oil changes or breakdowns. I shared my insight with my wife Carolyn, who was supportive. Whenever it snowed heavily, we skipped working out at the gym and shoveled the driveway together. The task never took more than thirty minutes and was followed by a celebratory cup of hot chocolate. A new winter tradition was born. Following Thoreau’s advice to simplify life, I made a system for sorting through my possessions to decide what to keep, sell, donate, or desert and encouraged Carolyn to join me in my effort. By the time we retired, we moved to a retirement community with a small rental truck, saving thousands of dollars. In retirement, we continue to enjoy the benefits of owning no more than we need. The less we own, the less we have to take care of, and the more time we have to pursue activities that bring us joy: biking, hiking, reading, and travelling. We are glad we took Thoreau’s advice. 4. How did the author react to Thoreau’s advice at first? A. He ignored it and kept his habits. B. He advocated the lifestyle to his friends. C. He abandoned his private possessions. D. He made improvements according to it. 5. What did the author plan to do after clearing the snow? A. Drive to the local gym for sports. B. Read Thoreau’s book for advice. C. Enjoy his favorite sports program. D. Take the snowblower to the gas station. 6. What was the author’s new family tradition? A. Sorting through the possessions to make donations. B. Celebrating their physical work with hot chocolate. C. Doing the repairs of their possessions by themselves. D. Getting people in the neighborhood to clear the snow. 7. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Good advice takes little time to be absorbed. B. Simplicity makes room for more joy in life. C. Owning more than enough brings us benefits. D. Exchanging our possessions boosts happiness. C In Mirabella, a 20-storey “university retirement community” at Arizona State University (ASU), a group of men and women sit attentively in class, writing notes or taking photos of the slides. But the hearing aids hint at how unusual this class is. Mirabella is home to over 300 retirees. When it opened in 2020, the senior-living facility was nearly fully subscribed. Most residents get a university pass, which allows them to attend the same classes and cultural events as students, without having to take exams. Golf trucks can drive them around the campus, though many are still fit enough to mountain bike. In their dorms, restaurants serve good food and the facilities include an art studio, a pool and gym, and a games room. Only the second floor feels institutional, with a memory-care centre and rooms for residents who need round-the-clock attention. This is part of a wider trend. An estimated 85 colleges in America provide some forms of senior living. The idea sprang from two college presidents who wanted to retire on campus in the 1980s. Today, universities offer senior-living arrangements, with as many as 20,000 older Americans living like this. With more than 10,000 baby-boomers in America turning 65 every day, the opportunity for alternative forms of retirement is large. Compared with previous generations, boomers are wealthy, educated and picky. They want to remain active, stimulated and not locked away. These wishes can all be met on a university campus. For universities, welcoming retirees can make sense, too. Nationally, undergraduate enrolment has dropped. The smartest universities provide continued care-including for the very last stage of life. Bill, an 80-year-old former newspaper editor, moved to Mirabella with his wife two years ago. They have made friends with residents and with younger students. “Being among young people is really invigorating,” said Bill. At a discussion group about AI, one of the topics was whether a lifespan of 200 or 250 years would be desirable. “The 20-year-olds were enthusiastic,” he reflected, but those in their 70s and 80s had some reservations. 8. What implies the difference of the group of people attending class in Mirabella? A. They don’t take notes in class. B. They take photos of the lectures. C. Some of them wear hearing aids. D. They have their own institutions. 9 What’s the trend described in the text? A. Colleges provide senior living services. B. Senior professors remain active in class. C. Baby-boomers have changed social norms. D. Seniors come back to class for education. 10. What does the underlined word “invigorating” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Astonishing. B. Demanding. C. Depressing. D. Inspiring. 11. How does the author view the universities’ welcome of retirees? A. Negatively. B. Positively. C. Indifferently. D. Objectively. D So many of us struggle to be the boss, attracted to the promise of more money or the comfort of having a ladder to climb. Then the job keeps getting harder. Managers oversee (监督) nearly three times as many people today as they did in 2017, according to data from research and advisory firm Gartner. Nearly one in five managers says that, given a choice, they’d prefer not to oversee people. “That’s what we call buyer’s regret,” says Swagatam Basu, a senior director in human resources practice. You can switch back. The trick is figuring out a way to maintain your pay and influence. The number of people you manage is a match for your power. Some companies now use special individual-contributor tracks, meant to ensure that technical experts have a set path to climb. Making the shift could still feel like a relief, though we have to give something up. Jenny Blake, who led a team at Google at age 24, switched to an individual contributor job. She felt it had a much bigger impact than her management. Now an author and speaker focusing on careers and business, she recommends beginning the transition (过渡) conversation by laying out your unique strengths and how they can better serve the company in a new role, thus becoming an industry expert. “Even if a company has opportunities for individual contributors to grow, it doesn’t mean you’ll rise to the top smoothly. Partners without their own teams are treated like second-class citizens, and managers have the opportunity to make higher salaries and bonuses than common individual contributors,” says Kristopher Osborne, a company’s senior president of talent. “You are paid a bonus to deal with a lot more issues and challenges,” he says of managers. “People have to be realistic.” He recommends ambitious individual contributors show they’re bringing leadership to the company in different ways, like running strategy initiatives, coaching teammates or bringing new initiatives to the organization on board. 12. What’s the buyer’s regret in Basu’s opinion? A. Human resources practice. B. An unexpected purchase. C. Heavy loss in investment. D. Fighting up to the leadership. 13 What does Jenny Blake suggest for the role switch? A. Joining forces with other contributors. B. Beginning a new business partnership. C. Setting an individual track to climb up. D. Showing one’s strengths in the new role. 14. What can be inferred about individual contributors from the last paragraph? A. They can earn more than managers B. They suffer discrimination from partners. C. They have to show other managing talent. D. They usually tend to set unrealistic target 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Take Time to Try to Be Managers B. Be Contributors if You Hate Managing C. Throw Away the Headache of Managing D. Open up Another Career Path if You Want 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Beating the summer heat is on many people’s minds, including ours. We’ve collected a few suggestions from our readers about how to stay cool in the absence of air conditioning. Get close to Mother Nature. ____16____. Lakes, beaches and rivers are popular places of recreation. They are also a great place to escape the heat. But for children, it is important to ensure that they are accompanied by adults. Let the iceblock melt. Take blocks of ice out of the fridge an hour or two before bedtime, lay towels on the bed and put the blocks on the towels. ____17____. Then you can put your pillows on top. By the time you come to bed, both your bed and pillows are nice and cool. Make sure you use lots of towels. ____18____ Take an ice pack and fan it. Take a frozen ice pack, stand it upright in a shallow dish (to catch condensation) and put it in front of a small fan. The air is cooled as it flows around the ice pack. ____19____. Just enjoy your cool idea! ____20____ This is a longer-term heat-beating strategy. “Years ago I planted shade trees all over the place,” one reader Maland says. This can shade the side of her house that gets direct sunlight. Once the sun comes up and it starts to warm up outside, she shuts all the windows and doors, leaves a fan blowing in each room, pulls the curtains and seals in the cool air. Her house can stay comfortable into the afternoon. A. Cover them with another layer of towels B. Create enough shade to beat summer heat C. Otherwise your bed and pillows will get damp D It lasts long enough even for you to fall asleep E. Our top suggestion would be to seek out bodies of water F. The floor fan blows directly on people all day and all night long G. While studying, I place a large bottle of frozen water on my lap 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After completing high school, I had the hope of continuing my education at a university. But the ___21___ kept piling up. I had no money despite working three jobs, so I had to ___22___ from the community college. Still, I held on to a lesson my parents had ___23___ in me: everything bad comes with something good. As the eldest daughter of five children of an immigrant family to the US, I worked at ___24___ jobs and at 16 became ___25___ independent. Through it all, my education meant everything to me. I thought if I did well in my ___26___ work, everything else would fall into place. But when I gained ___27___ to many top public universities across the state, my heart ___28___ since I couldn’t afford it. I couldn’t take out large amounts of student loan debt given my family’s economic ___29___. Besides, being first generation from an immigrant household, I didn’t understand what scholarships were and how to ____30____ - and even if I did, scholarships wouldn’t replace my ____31____ as my family’s economic provider if I left. I spent 7 years working many jobs while slowly ____32____ community college credits. Then, as my sisters were older, I moved on to a 4-year university. I ____33____ organic chemistry with Dr. Farmer. In his office hours, I discovered my ____34____. Within 6 months, I was running columns in his lab. Now I’m close to getting my Ph.D. degree in organic chemistry. I am so glad I never ____35____ my childhood dream. 21. A. opportunities B. functions C. challenges D. consequences 22. A. benefit B. withdraw C. borrow D. slide 23. A. planted B. delivered C. assessed D. arranged 24. A. positive B. multiple C. adorable D. efficient 25. A. technically B. normally C. visually D. financially 26. A. reasonable B. academic C. elegant D. familiar 27. A. reputation B. recognition C. admission D. adoption 28. A. beat B. stopped C. failed D. sank 29. A. situation B. recovery C. policy D. system 30. A. compare B. observe C. apply D. avoid 31. A. advantage B. desire C. behavior D. role 32. A. marking B. earning C. donating D. decreasing 33. A. viewed B. mentioned C. took D. designed 34. A. mood B. standard C. disadvantage D. curiosity 35. A. gave up B. picked up C. kept up D. cleared up 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese culture has long been shaped by its deep-rooted emphasis on family values. These values form the foundation of Chinese society. Filial piety, or “xiao”, is a cornerstone of Chinese family values. ____36____ (develop) from Confucian teachings, it emphasizes the importance of respecting and caring for one’s parents and elders. Children ____37____ (teach) to honor their parents’ wisdom and experience, and to provide support and care as they age. Education is ____38____ (high) valued in Chinese family values, viewed as a means of upward mobility and ____39____ (person) growth. Parents invest significant resources into their children’s education, with academic achievement serving ____40____ a symbol of family honor. The pursuit of success is deeply rooted in Chinese culture, driven by a desire to provide a better future for the family. As China ____41____ (experience) rapid social and economic changes now, traditional family values are evolving. While ____42____ core values remain unchanged, their expression and application have adapted to accommodate the various ____43____ (demand) of a modem society. But the principles of harmony, respect, and shared responsibility continue to guide family relationships, ____44____ have nurtured close-knit family units and formed a sense of belonging and support. Chinese family values remind us of the enduring importance of respect and harmony, _____45_____ (emphasize) the deep impact that strong family bonds can have on individuals and society as a whole. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你校志愿者团队将在本周日上午举办一次器乐演奏活动，请你给英国交换生朋友Robert写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动时间、地点； 3. 活动内容。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Robert, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 By nature, I’m a shy person. I don’t like to be front and center. I am uncomfortable in unfamiliar situations, and I dislike being the “new kid” in a group of people. My retired husband and I had moved to California to be near our daughter and her family. After everything was settled, I felt restless and somewhat lonely. When I told my elderly neighbor that I still didn’t know anyone, she said, “Nobody is going to come knocking on your door. Get out there and look for them.” One afternoon, I noticed a small ad in our local newspaper asking for Support Volunteers to help out at the fire department. Maybe I could do some filing or other office work. I called and was told they were starting a class to train new volunteers. When I realized that everyone was going to be new at the same time, I smiled. I was interviewed, and passed. I was nervous on the first day. But as soon as I met the other new volunteers I discovered this particular group was made up of retired people with interests similar to my own. They wanted to be active and wanted to be of service to the community. The Support Volunteers came from many different walks of life. Together, we made up an efficient, knowledgeable, and capable team. When the training was completed, we were issued fire-department dress uniforms. Each of us was on duty for twenty-four hours, one day a week, with a partner. While on duty, we transferred mail and equipment to and from the city’s seven fire stations, and fire/police headquarters. We also taught businesses and the public how to use fire extinguishers (灭火器) , and handed out fire-prevention information at community events. I became well qualified for my service. Although I initially joined the volunteers to meet people, I continued my satisfying work with the Support Volunteers because of something that happened a few years ago. In that particular summer night in the place I lived, a large wildfire was burning, causing a threat to people in the city. The department where I volunteered had been asked to gather up everyone to the shelter center in case the fire lost control. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Upon receiving the order, we sprang into action. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Wheeling the elderly man to the center, I knew we had to put up there. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 AABCC 6-10 ACBCB 11-15 BACAB 16-20 BABAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$