精品解析：四川省德阳市高中2024-2025学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题

德阳市高中2023级第三学期教学质量监测考试 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 本试卷第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷共12页，全卷150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上指定的位置。 3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共95分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试题上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the woman ride? A. A horse. B. A cow. C. A camel. 2. What season is it now? A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter. 3. What disturbed the woman during the night? A. A car starting. B. A dog barking. C. People arguing. 4. Why does the man want to leave the restaurant? A. He doesn’t like the food. B. He can’t stand the smell. C. He has been there too many times. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a road. B. In a shop. C. At a concert. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the speakers go to France last year? A. They went on a study trip. B. They spent a vacation there. C. They visited some famous people. 7. How did the man find Picasso’s paintings? A. Ugly. B. Realistic. C. Beautiful. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Boss and employee. 9. What is the girl doing with her phone? A. Studying. B. Playing games. C. Sending short messages. 10. What does the man concern most? A. The school work. B. The little pictures. C. The way of communication. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where are the speakers? A. In Brazil. B. In China. C. In Argentina. 12. What is a characteristic of maté? A Comforting. B. Energizing. C. Calming. 13. What will the man do next? A. Sell the woman some tea. B. Drink tea with the woman. C. Show how the tea is produced. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What has been changed previously? A. More parking spaces. B. All new computers. C. More sports teams. 15. What does the woman intend to do next? A. Improve the food in the canteen. B. Better housing conditions on campus. C. Get more job opportunities for students. 16. What is the most important according to the woman? A. Enhancing the school’s reputation. B. Increasing students’ access to resources. C. Making life easier for parents and teachers. 17. What does the man long for? A. The school dance. B. The science fair. C. The spring concert. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18. When will the production of petrol cars stop? A. By 2050. B. By 2030. C. By 2025. 19. What does the speaker suggest as an alternative to current plastic bottles? A. Glass bottles. B. Metal bottles. C. Wood bottles. 20. What is the main idea of the talk? A. Dangers of global warming. B. New rules about electric cars. C. Ways to protect the environment. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As we are waiting for the 2028 Games in Los Angeles, we have a chance to think bigger. Why not introduce more contemporary competitions, organize more varied teams and involve more of the world as participants? ●New sports Hundreds of millions of people across the globe now earn their living less with their backs and more with their brains, relying on sharp reasoning and creative thinking. So how about seeing who’s best at that? One idea: a competition such as the solar car challenges popular in many high school and college engineering programs. Mixed-gender teams of tech experts might get a project idea way before the Olympics and then come to compete with other countries on a real Olympic track. It would be a competition that relies on teammates with smarts skills and creativity. Or how about Olympic chess? Don’t laugh: The International Chess Federation has been pushing the idea for decades. In 1999, the IOC finally recognized chess as an official sport. But the IOC is unwilling to include chess in the Games themselves, even though it is surprisingly physically demanding. ●New teams Since the first modern Olympics in 1896, average life spans have soared. Olympic teams could better reflect these spectacular improvements in longevity and health. What if the Olympics feature relay teams composed of athletes from different generations? The IOC could select a few events—say, the 4×200-meter freestyle swim relay and the 4×400-meter track relay—and give fans a chance to see athletes of all ages. ●New participants Today, more than 7 billion people across the globe own a smart phone. Imagine if the next Olympics let everyone with a smart phone compete for their countries. The IOC could create a “Citizen Participation” app and make it available to everyone in the world. Then from the torch lighting to the Closing Ceremonies, the app would count their steps. And the nations whose citizens accumulated the most steps would win gold, silver and bronze medals in a worldwide competition. 1. What is the author’s suggestion about new sports? A. Adding traditional ball games. B. Holding a solar car challenge. C. Introducing more individual sports. D. Increasing the number of track events. 2. Why does the author mention the “Citizen Participation” app? A. To show the popularity of smart phones. B. To encourage people to do more exercise. C. To explain a new way of Olympic participation. D. To introduce a new function of smart phones. 3. What can we infer from the text? A. The IOC is open to all new ideas. B. Chess will definitely be in the 2028 Games. C. The Olympics are trying to keep up with the times. D. New teams are mainly composed of young athletes. B Years of extreme heat and prolonged drought have created dangerous wildfire conditions in Greece, wiping out the vegetation that bees depend upon and causing trouble for the ecosystem. Markela comes from a family of beekeepers in the town of Nea Makri, situated along the eastern coastline of Greece. From an early age, she has assisted her grandfather, Markos, with beekeeping — inspecting the beehives, finding the queen bees and collecting the honey. However, this 11-year-old kid, who stands to be the fifth generation in her family dedicated to this craft, may face challenges in continuing the familial business. Honey production has been the source of the family’s income for more than a century. But with climate change, the health of the bees and the amount of honey they can produce has also changed. Wildfires have burned the landscape and the vegetation the bees depend on — and where there haven’t been wildfires, there has been drought. “The bees have been decimated because of these poor conditions,” the 70-year-old grandpa Markos said. “The drought has affected us a lot, and the whole place has dried up. If there is no blossoming stage, there is no pollen (花粉) and no honey.” Bees are not just important for making honey. They are also a sign of a healthy ecosystem, and for Markela and Markos, the shrinking populations have sounded the alarm for the climate crisis. But the lack of bees is not the only change Markela has seen. “Almost every day I see in the news about children that they have to flee from their houses due to wildfires. I am afraid because we have a lot of trees here and I am afraid in case a fire reaches us here,” she said. Greece has had its hottest ever June and July on record this year. The extremely hot temperatures, as well as strong winds and long periods of drought, have made conditions even more concerning. Thousands of people have been evacuated in the Greek capital as wildfires spread, threatening homes, shops and schools. Though wildfires are common in Greece, they have become stronger and more frequent due to climate change. Research shows children like Markela will experience three times more climate disasters than their grandparents. International aid agency UNICEF has been working hard to protect human beings from the effects of climate change while helping communities build towards a more sustainable future. While it’s easy to feel overwhelmed about the effects of climate change, UNICEF said there were lots of small but effective choices we could make in our day-to-day life to help take care of our environment. 4. What is the fundamental problem affecting bees in Greece? A. Climate change and overpopulation. B. High temperatures and continuous dry conditions. C. Lack of food and habitat for bees. D. Beekeepers’ failing to continue their business. 5. What does the underlined word “decimated” mean according to Paragraph 3? A. disabled B. dismissed C. destroyed D. discouraged 6. What does UNICEF suggest individuals do to help relieve the effects of climate change? A. Build a more sustainable community. B. Get more knowledge on climate change. C. Stop feeling overwhelmed about the effect of climate change. D. Make minor yet meaningful decisions in their everyday life. 7. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Markela and Her Beekeeping Business B. Ecosystem Has Been Hugely Influenced by Severe Heat C. The Role of Pollinators in Sustainable Agriculture D. Climate Change Affects the Future of Beekeeping C At the University of Southamptonin the UK, a team of scientists led by Laura Cinti has taken on an unusual task: searching the Ngoye Forest in South Africa to find a “girlfriend” for the world’s “loneliest” plant, a male Encephalartos woodii (E. woodii，伍德苏铁) tree. This is a crucial part of the plan to save E. woodii from extinction. The male E. woodii tree, found in the Ngoye Forest of South Africa in 1895, is the one and only E. woodii plant ever discovered in the wild. As one of the oldest living seed plants, E. woodii is crucial in our understanding of the rise of life on Earth. To preserve the species, botanical gardens around the world, such as the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK, have been planting cuttings of the male tree. This has increased the number of E. woodii plants. But it does not make the species safe from extinction, because all the plants grown share the same genes as the original male tree. “Since all existing E. woodii specimens (样本) are clones, their potential for genetic diversity in the face of environmental change and disease is limited,” wrote Cinti on The Conversation. This is why researchers are seeking a female “companion” for E. woodii, and if they are successful, they will be able to contribute to the genetic diversity of the species. Cinti and her team have employed AI to search the Ngoye Forest for a female tree. Given that the forest covers a vast area of more than 4,000 hectares, Cinti’s team has been using a drone (无人机) to take photos of the forest. They then trained an AI algorithm (算法) that can quickly recognize E. woodii by its shape from the photos. Although they are still on the hunt, the team is hopeful. As an important aspect of biodiversity, genetic diversity refers to the presence of differences in the genes of individuals within a species. This diversity results in apples having different tastes and giraffes possessing necks of varying lengths, for example. Genetic diversity enables natural selection and drives evolution by determining how adaptable each individual is to changes in the outside environment. A lack of genetic diversity can have severe consequences for humans. For example, in the 1800s, Ireland depended heavily on Lumper, a variety of potatoes, to feed the growing population. When potato blight (马铃薯枯萎病) swept across the country, the potatoes were ruined, contributing to a famine (饥荒) that lasted from 1845 to 1852 and caused around one million deaths. 8. What does the article tell us about the male E. woodii tree? A. It is the oldest seed plant ever recorded. B. It is likely the only one of its kind in the wild. C. It offers clues about the evolution of forest plants. D. It was the first tree identified in the Ngoye Forest. 9. Why is the search for a female E. woodii so important? A. To increase the population of E. woodii. B. To seek a female companion for E. woodii. C. To improve the species’ chances of survival. D. To boost the male tree’s reproduction rate. 10. How are scientists trying to find a female E. woodii? A. By analyzing photos of the forest. B. By testing genes of forest plants. C. By predicting its location. D. By comparing different drones. 11. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A. The impact of low genetic diversity. B. The significance of genetic diversity. C. The role of biodiversity in human history. D. The differences in genetic diversity among species. D If you write a book, there’s a chance it will be adapted into a movie script. If you create music, licensing deals can provide future earnings from your songs. However, for visual artists, once their work is sold from a gallery, they typically only get paid once. This one-time payment is typical for the majority of products, like when clothing companies don’t expect a cut from resold sweaters or farmers don’t profit from restaurants using their crops. But in the art world, things are different, especially when artworks can be resold for much higher prices than their initial sale value. Artists have long sought ways to benefit from the secondary market, which could offer them additional income. A new art fair, Zero Art Fair, created by artists Jennifer Dalton and William Powhida, has a unique approach to helping artists connect with this market. Described as a “no-cash and carry” fair, the art is genuinely free, with each piece listed online with its retail (零售) value provided by the creator. The artists are willing to give away their work because the contemporary-art market artificially limits supply. Many artworks are stored away, unsold and unseen. By giving some away, artists can clear studio space and continue creating. Collectors who might not afford high gallery prices can now buy and enjoy art, which is the essence of art making. Each artwork has a five-year waiting period before it can be fully owned, during which the artist can borrow back the piece for exhibition or sell it to other collectors. In the latter case, the original buyer has the opportunity to purchase it first at a discounted price based on how long they’ve had it. The most interesting part of this is that if the first collector ever sells the work, the artist gets 50% of that sale price, and if future buyers resell the piece, the artist receives 10% of all those future sales. This innovative approach to the secondary market is similar to the smart contracts (合同) used in the recent NFT (非同质化代币) boom. Smart contracts are digital agreements that pay artists royalties (版税) when their work is resold. There have even been some attempts to introduce smart contracts into the traditional art world, where physical works would be paired with an NFT that serves as an origin tracker and a revenue generator (收入来源) for artists whenever ownership changes hands. These unique sales and contract methods have been seen in parts of the art world for some time. However, Zero Art Fair and similar programs are not trying to replace the art market but to exist alongside it. Any experiment that encourages more people to collect art and makes artists happier is worth trying. 12. What unique challenge do visual artists face in Paragraph 1? A. They often have to give away their work for free. B. They typically receive payment only once for a sold artwork. C. They are unwilling to make their art more accessible to the public. D. They are required to produce a certain number of artworks annually. 13. How does Zero Art Fair differ from traditional art fairs? A. It does not involve any cash exchanges for artwork. B. It focuses on digital artworks rather than physical ones. C. It allows artists to sell their work at significantly higher prices. D. It requires artists to donate a percentage of their profits to charity. 14. What advantage do the original buyers of the art pieces at Zero Art Fair have? A. They have the say to refuse to return the art to its creator. B. They can borrow back the art at any time for exhibition uses. C. They are given the right to purchase the art at a discounted price. D. They are able to receive a share of future sales from the art pieces. 15. What is the purpose of pairing physical art with NFTs according to the article? A. To increase the number of artworks. B. To take the place of traditional art sales. C. To help artists tidy up studio storage space. D. To track the origin of the artwork and increase artists’ income. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 China to Expand Enrollment for Professional Postgraduate China is making some changes in postgraduate education. ____16____. It aims to increase the enrollment of professional master’s degrees to about two-thirds of all master’s degree programs by 2025. This is because professional master’s degrees focus on the practical application of knowledge and skills. Ren Youqun, an important official in the Education Ministry, mentioned that China had a large number of postgraduate students in 2022. ____17____ But some people think academic master’s degrees are more valuable. However, this opinion needs to be changed. Professional master’s degrees are also important. They usually take two years to complete, one year less than academic master’s degrees. ____18____ They are designed to meet the needs of specific job fields and train people with strong professional skills for practical work. As the job market is becoming more competitive with a large number of college graduates expected in 2024, this kind of training is very necessary. To promote this change, the ministry has released a new guideline. ____19____ It also states that higher institutes newly allowed to grant master’s degrees should focus on the professional type that emphasizes vocational practice. ____20____ And if possible, the admission for professional doctoral degrees will also be greatly increased. This new guideline shows a way to develop professional master’s degrees better. A. The number was the second highest in the world. B. The Education Ministry has announced a new plan. C. China’s postgraduate education is facing new challenges. D Professional master’s degrees have their own characteristics. E. This guideline will have a great impact on postgraduate education. F. It emphasizes the equal importance of the two types of master’s degrees. G. More and more students are choosing to pursue professional master’s degrees. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Heman Bekele, a 15-year-old talent, has been honored as TIME’s Kid of the Year for 2024. This Ethiopian-born American teenager has ____21____ a groundbreaking idea — a soap that could ____22____ treat skin cancer. He is currently ____23____ with scientists, including Vito Rebecca from Johns Hopkins University, to test his concept. Heman’s journey began in Ethiopia, where his family moved to the United States when he was just four. He ____24____ people working outdoors in the sun without protection, which led him to learn about the dangers of cancer and the importance of skin protection from his parents. Skin cancer, while ____25____, often requires expensive treatment, motivating Heman to find a more accessible ____26____. As a curious child, Heman loved mixing different liquids. When he was seven, he discovered a(an) ____27____ called “imiquimod” from a magazine that can help fight skin cancer. He thought of the idea of mixing this medicine into a ____28____ bar, ____29____ tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin. Last year, Heman created a video _____30_____ his idea to the 3M Young Scientist Challenge. His creative _____31_____ impressed the judges, and he won the contest, receiving a $25,000 _____32_____ and the opportunity to cooperate with mentor scientists. Heman and Dr. Rebecca are now conducting tests to determine the soap’s _____33_____ in treating skin cancer in mice. As a _____34_____ teenager, Heman knows that developing his soap will take time and effort, but he remains committed to his _____35_____. He encourages other young people to contribute to making the world a better place. 21 A. taken over B. caught up with C. run over D. come up with 22 A. finally B. completely C. possibly D. fortunately 23. A. working B. dealing C. discussing D. struggling 24. A. heard B. imagined C. observed D. felt 25. A. desirable B. treatable C. available D. reasonable 26. A. solution B. function C. description D. attraction 27. A. medicine B. trick C. advertisement D. surgery 28. A. chocolate B. metal C. soap D. candy 29. A. stopping B. employing C. ordering D. curing 30. A. selling B. admitting C. explaining D. sending 31. A. production B. trend C. approach D. donation 32. A. salary B. profit C. earning D. prize 33. A. effectiveness B. interaction C. accuracy D. permission 34. A. determined B. weak C. shy D. talkative 35. A. mood B. goal C. profession D. employer 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共55分) 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the early days of the People’s Republic of China, Youyu county, ____36____ (locate) at the edge of the Maowusu Desert, had a green coverage ratio of less than 0.3 percent. Over the past seven decades, continuous efforts have increased the county’s green coverage ____37____ 68 percent, turning barren land into ____38____ oasis (绿洲), which shows how China’s national efforts are transforming the environment. China’s forest coverage rate has risen from 8.6 percent to more than 24 percent. Since the start of this century, it is estimated that China ____39____ (contribute) around a quarter of the world’s new green areas, according to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, ____40____ was started in 1978, has effectively limited desertification (沙漠化) and sandstorms, forming a “green great wall.” By 2020, afforestation (植树造林) was completed on 480 million mu of land, ____41____ (raise) forest from around 5 percent in 1978 to about 14 percent in these regions. What makes this program ____42____ (remark) is its impact on conserving water, soil, and agriculture. Efforts persist today with new programs ____43____ (design) to prevent land degradation. The goal is to improve ecological resilience and protect agriculture ____44____ (global). This transformation is one of the most important environmental _____45_____ (achievement). 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你的外国笔友Mike读完你推荐的中文小说后，收获很大，写信感谢了你，并希望得到更多建议。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 表示高兴； 2. 你的建议； 3. 希望Mike进一步学习中国文化。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mike, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Whenever Abigail opened the door to her aunt’s place for an after-school visit, she was greeted with the sight of her 3-year-old niece, sitting on the floor drawing with crayons. “She’s obsessed (着迷的),” said her aunt.“Gosh, I’m envious of a 3-year-old then,” Abigail thought to herself. Every day, rubbing the sleep from her eyes, Abigail would go over to look at herself in the mirror, thinking the same thing: I am just so…ordinary. It all started once she entered middle school, where her grades in all subjects were OK but not great, and she couldn’t sing or dance that well, or play sports. She wasn’t even good at making jokes as she was so shy. As she continued to go down the same mind spiral (漩涡) of “you’re not good enough, what kind of job could you get in the future being someone so ordinary?”, she checked the clock and rushed out the door to get to school on time. Along the way, she saw Peter and Sally walking ahead of her. Two of the class’s top students, they were just so smart and dedicated. Peter always stayed behind after math class to continue working on the equations (方程式). He was, like her niece was with drawing, obsessed and talented. A few mornings later in class, something seemed a bit off with Abigail’s teacher, Mr Fry. He was normally quite active, moving quickly from the whiteboard to the podium (讲台) to explain some new knowledge points. But that morning, Abigail noticed that he seemed slower, not very with it. Then, as he asked the students to copy down a math equation, Mr Fry began shaking and then started to fall. Immediately, Abigail rushed from her sea t in the fourth row, managing to catch him just in time. He had fainted. “Someone go get the head teacher now!” yelled Abigail in a loud, clear voice. Fifteen minutes later, Abigail and her classmates watched out the classroom window at Mr Fry being wheeled across the parking lot on a stretcher (担架) to be put into an ambulance. After two weeks off, Mr Fry was back, entering the classroom again to a round of applause from the students. His presence brought a sense of relief and normalcy to the room, easing their worry about his sudden illness. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As soon as the lunch bell rang, Mr Fry pulled Abigail aside. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Extraordinary”, the word echoed in Abigail’s mind as walked home from school that day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 德阳市高中2023级第三学期教学质量监测考试 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 本试卷第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷共12页，全卷150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上指定的位置。 3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共95分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试题上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the woman ride? A. A horse. B. A cow. C. A camel. 2. What season is it now? A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter. 3. What disturbed the woman during the night? A. A car starting. B. A dog barking. C. People arguing. 4. Why does the man want to leave the restaurant? A. He doesn’t like the food. B. He can’t stand the smell. C. He has been there too many times. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a road. B. In a shop. C. At a concert. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the speakers go to France last year? A They went on a study trip. B. They spent a vacation there. C. They visited some famous people. 7. How did the man find Picasso’s paintings? A. Ugly. B. Realistic. C. Beautiful. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Boss and employee. 9. What is the girl doing with her phone? A. Studying. B. Playing games. C. Sending short messages. 10. What does the man concern most? A. The school work. B. The little pictures. C. The way of communication. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where are the speakers? A. In Brazil. B. In China. C. In Argentina. 12. What is a characteristic of maté? A. Comforting. B. Energizing. C. Calming. 13. What will the man do next? A. Sell the woman some tea. B. Drink tea with the woman. C. Show how the tea is produced. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What has been changed previously? A. More parking spaces. B. All new computers. C. More sports teams. 15. What does the woman intend to do next? A. Improve the food in the canteen. B. Better housing conditions on campus. C. Get more job opportunities for students. 16. What is the most important according to the woman? A. Enhancing the school’s reputation. B. Increasing students’ access to resources. C. Making life easier for parents and teachers. 17. What does the man long for? A. The school dance. B. The science fair. C. The spring concert. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18. When will the production of petrol cars stop? A. By 2050. B. By 2030. C. By 2025. 19. What does the speaker suggest as an alternative to current plastic bottles? A. Glass bottles. B. Metal bottles. C. Wood bottles. 20. What is the main idea of the talk? A. Dangers of global warming. B. New rules about electric cars. C. Ways to protect the environment. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As we are waiting for the 2028 Games in Los Angeles, we have a chance to think bigger. Why not introduce more contemporary competitions, organize more varied teams and involve more of the world as participants? ●New sports Hundreds of millions of people across the globe now earn their living less with their backs and more with their brains, relying on sharp reasoning and creative thinking. So how about seeing who’s best at that? One idea: a competition such as the solar car challenges popular in many high school and college engineering programs. Mixed-gender teams of tech experts might get a project idea way before the Olympics and then come to compete with other countries on a real Olympic track. It would be a competition that relies on teammates with smarts, skills and creativity. Or how about Olympic chess? Don’t laugh: The International Chess Federation has been pushing the idea for decades. In 1999, the IOC finally recognized chess as an official sport. But the IOC is unwilling to include chess in the Games themselves, even though it is surprisingly physically demanding. ●New teams Since the first modern Olympics in 1896, average life spans have soared. Olympic teams could better reflect these spectacular improvements in longevity and health. What if the Olympics feature relay teams composed of athletes from different generations? The IOC could select a few events—say, the 4×200-meter freestyle swim relay and the 4×400-meter track relay—and give fans a chance to see athletes of all ages. ●New participants Today, more than 7 billion people across the globe own a smart phone. Imagine if the next Olympics let everyone with a smart phone compete for their countries. The IOC could create a “Citizen Participation” app and make it available to everyone in the world. Then from the torch lighting to the Closing Ceremonies, the app would count their steps. And the nations whose citizens accumulated the most steps would win gold, silver and bronze medals in a worldwide competition. 1. What is the author’s suggestion about new sports? A. Adding traditional ball games. B. Holding a solar car challenge. C. Introducing more individual sports. D. Increasing the number of track events. 2. Why does the author mention the “Citizen Participation” app? A. To show the popularity of smart phones. B. To encourage people to do more exercise. C. To explain a new way of Olympic participation. D. To introduce a new function of smart phones. 3. What can we infer from the text? A. The IOC is open to all new ideas. B. Chess will definitely be in the 2028 Games. C. The Olympics are trying to keep up with the times. D. New teams are mainly composed of young athletes. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕2028年洛杉矶奥运会展开，提出了三个关于奥运会的新想法：引入新的体育项目、组建新的参赛队伍以及吸纳新的参赛者，旨在探讨如何使奥运会更加现代化、多样化和包容性。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章New sports部分中的“One idea: a competition such as the solar car challenges popular in many high school and college engineering programs.(有个想法是：举办类似在许多高中和大学工程项目中颇受欢迎的太阳能汽车挑战赛)”可知，作者建议举办像太阳能汽车挑战赛这样的项目作为新体育项目。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Imagine if the next Olympics let everyone with a smart phone compete for their countries. The IOC could create a “Citizen Participation” app and make it available to everyone in the world. Then from the torch lighting to the Closing Ceremonies, the app would count their steps. And the nations whose citizens accumulated the most steps would win gold, silver and bronze medals in a worldwide competition.(想象一下，如果下一届奥运会让每个拥有智能手机的人都能代表自己的国家参赛。国际奥委会可以开发一款“公民参与”应用程序，供全球所有人使用。从火炬点燃到闭幕式，这款应用程序可以记录他们的步数。在这场全球竞赛中，该国公民累计步数最多的国家将分别获得金、银、铜牌)”可知，作者通过设想国际奥委会创建“公民参与”应用程序，让拥有智能手机的人都能参与奥运会，以此来解释一种新的奥运参与方式。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As we are waiting for the 2028 Games in Los Angeles, we have a chance to think bigger. Why not introduce more contemporary competitions, organize more varied teams and involve more of the world as participants?(在我们翘首以盼 2028 年洛杉矶奥运会之际，我们有机会进行更具前瞻性的思考。为何不引入更多现代竞赛项目，组建更多样化的团队，并让世界上更多人参与其中呢？)”可知，奥运会正在考虑引入更多现代比赛、组织更多样化的队伍和吸引更多世界各地的参与者。由此推知，奥运会正在尝试与时俱进，努力跟上时代的步伐。故选C。 B Years of extreme heat and prolonged drought have created dangerous wildfire conditions in Greece, wiping out the vegetation that bees depend upon and causing trouble for the ecosystem. Markela comes from a family of beekeepers in the town of Nea Makri, situated along the eastern coastline of Greece. From an early age, she has assisted her grandfather, Markos, with beekeeping — inspecting the beehives, finding the queen bees and collecting the honey. However, this 11-year-old kid, who stands to be the fifth generation in her family dedicated to this craft, may face challenges in continuing the familial business. Honey production has been the source of the family’s income for more than a century. But with climate change, the health of the bees and the amount of honey they can produce has also changed. Wildfires have burned the landscape and the vegetation the bees depend on — and where there haven’t been wildfires, there has been drought. “The bees have been decimated because of these poor conditions,” the 70-year-old grandpa Markos said. “The drought has affected us a lot, and the whole place has dried up. If there is no blossoming stage, there is no pollen (花粉) and no honey.” Bees are not just important for making honey. They are also a sign of a healthy ecosystem, and for Markela and Markos, the shrinking populations have sounded the alarm for the climate crisis. But the lack of bees is not the only change Markela has seen. “Almost every day I see in the news about children that they have to flee from their houses due to wildfires. I am afraid because we have a lot of trees here and I am afraid in case a fire reaches us here,” she said. Greece has had its hottest ever June and July on record this year. The extremely hot temperatures, as well as strong winds and long periods of drought, have made conditions even more concerning. Thousands of people have been evacuated in the Greek capital as wildfires spread, threatening homes, shops and schools. Though wildfires are common in Greece, they have become stronger and more frequent due to climate change. Research shows children like Markela will experience three times more climate disasters than their grandparents. International aid agency UNICEF has been working hard to protect human beings from the effects of climate change while helping communities build towards a more sustainable future. While it’s easy to feel overwhelmed about the effects of climate change, UNICEF said there were lots of small but effective choices we could make in our day-to-day life to help take care of our environment. 4. What is the fundamental problem affecting bees in Greece? A. Climate change and overpopulation. B. High temperatures and continuous dry conditions. C. Lack of food and habitat for bees. D. Beekeepers’ failing to continue their business. 5. What does the underlined word “decimated” mean according to Paragraph 3? A. disabled B. dismissed C. destroyed D. discouraged 6. What does UNICEF suggest individuals do to help relieve the effects of climate change? A. Build a more sustainable community. B. Get more knowledge on climate change. C. Stop feeling overwhelmed about the effect of climate change. D. Make minor yet meaningful decisions in their everyday life. 7. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Markela and Her Beekeeping Business B. Ecosystem Has Been Hugely Influenced by Severe Heat C. The Role of Pollinators in Sustainable Agriculture D. Climate Change Affects the Future of Beekeeping 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了希腊因极端高温和长期干旱导致的野火和干旱问题，这些问题对蜜蜂和生态系统造成了严重影响，同时也对当地居民的生活构成了威胁。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Years of extreme heat and prolonged drought have created dangerous wildfire conditions in Greece, wiping out the vegetation that bees depend upon and causing trouble for the ecosystem.(多年的极端高温和长期干旱，在希腊造成了危险的野火隐患，摧毁了蜜蜂赖以生存的植被，给生态系统带来了麻烦。)”可知，多年的极端高温和长期干旱在希腊造成了危险的野火隐患，摧毁了蜜蜂赖以生存的植被，给生态系统带来麻烦。所以高温和持续干旱是影响希腊蜜蜂的根本问题。故选B。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句““The bees have been decimated because of these poor conditions, ” the 70-year-old grandpa Markos said. “The drought has affected us a lot, and the whole place has dried up. If there is no blossoming stage, there is no pollen (花粉) and no honey.”(“恶劣的环境让蜜蜂……，”70 岁的祖父Markos说道，“干旱对我们影响巨大，整个地方都干涸了。如果没有花期，就没有花粉，也就没有蜂蜜。”)”可推测，恶劣环境使得没有花期、花粉和蜂蜜，这种情况下蜜蜂数量会大幅减少甚至毁灭。划线单词的意思和“毁灭、破坏”相关。选项C“destroyed”，意为“破坏”，符合语境。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“While it’s easy to feel overwhelmed about the effects of climate change, UNICEF said there were lots of small but effective choices we could make in our day-to-day life to help take care of our environment.(尽管气候变化的影响可能让人倍感压力，但联合国儿童基金会表示，在日常生活中，我们可以做出许多微小却有效的选择，来助力保护我们的环境。)”可知，UNICEF 表示在日常生活中，我们可以做出许多微小却有效的选择来助力保护环境，即缓解气候变化的影响。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Years of extreme heat and prolonged drought have created dangerous wildfire conditions in Greece, wiping out the vegetation that bees depend upon and causing trouble for the ecosystem.(多年的极端高温和长期干旱，在希腊造成了危险的野火隐患，摧毁了蜜蜂赖以生存的植被，给生态系统带来了麻烦。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了气候变化对养蜂业的影响，包括极端高温和干旱对蜜蜂生存环境的破坏，以及这对养蜂业未来可能带来的影响。选项D“Climate Change Affects the Future of Beekeeping(气候变化影响养蜂业的未来)”既涵盖了气候变化这一关键因素，又点明了对养蜂业未来的影响，准确概括了文章主旨。故选D。 C At the University of Southamptonin the UK, a team of scientists led by Laura Cinti has taken on an unusual task: searching the Ngoye Forest in South Africa to find a “girlfriend” for the world’s “loneliest” plant, a male Encephalartos woodii (E. woodii，伍德苏铁) tree. This is a crucial part of the plan to save E. woodii from extinction. The male E. woodii tree, found in the Ngoye Forest of South Africa in 1895, is the one and only E. woodii plant ever discovered in the wild. As one of the oldest living seed plants, E. woodii is crucial in our understanding of the rise of life on Earth. To preserve the species, botanical gardens around the world, such as the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK, have been planting cuttings of the male tree. This has increased the number of E. woodii plants. But it does not make the species safe from extinction because all the plants grown share the same genes as the original male tree. “Since all existing E. woodii specimens (样本) are clones, their potential for genetic diversity in the face of environmental change and disease is limited,” wrote Cinti on The Conversation. This is why researchers are seeking a female “companion” for E. woodii, and if they are successful, they will be able to contribute to the genetic diversity of the species. Cinti and her team have employed AI to search the Ngoye Forest for a female tree. Given that the forest covers a vast area of more than 4,000 hectares, Cinti’s team has been using a drone (无人机) to take photos of the forest. They then trained an AI algorithm (算法) that can quickly recognize E. woodii by its shape from the photos. Although they are still on the hunt, the team is hopeful. As an important aspect of biodiversity, genetic diversity refers to the presence of differences in the genes of individuals within a species. This diversity results in apples having different tastes and giraffes possessing necks of varying lengths, for example. Genetic diversity enables natural selection and drives evolution by determining how adaptable each individual is to changes in the outside environment. A lack of genetic diversity can have severe consequences for humans. For example, in the 1800s, Ireland depended heavily on Lumper, a variety of potatoes, to feed the growing population. When potato blight (马铃薯枯萎病) swept across the country, the potatoes were ruined, contributing to a famine (饥荒) that lasted from 1845 to 1852 and caused around one million deaths. 8. What does the article tell us about the male E. woodii tree? A. It is the oldest seed plant ever recorded. B. It is likely the only one of its kind in the wild. C. It offers clues about the evolution of forest plants. D. It was the first tree identified in the Ngoye Forest. 9. Why is the search for a female E. woodii so important? A. To increase the population of E. woodii. B. To seek a female companion for E. woodii. C. To improve the species’ chances of survival. D. To boost the male tree’s reproduction rate. 10. How are scientists trying to find a female E. woodii? A. By analyzing photos of the forest. B. By testing genes of forest plants. C. By predicting its location. D. By comparing different drones. 11. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A. The impact of low genetic diversity. B. The significance of genetic diversity. C. The role of biodiversity in human history. D. The differences in genetic diversity among species. 【答案】8 B 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家团队为了拯救世界上最孤独的植物——伍德苏铁，而在南非的恩戈耶森林中寻找雌性伍德苏铁以增加其遗传多样性的行动。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The male E. woodii tree, found in the Ngoye Forest of South Africa in 1895, is the one and only E. woodii plant ever discovered in the wild.(这棵雄性伍德苏铁于 1895 年在南非的恩戈耶森林被发现，它是在野外发现的唯一一株伍德苏铁。)”可知，这棵雄性伍德苏铁是在野外发现的唯一一株伍德苏铁。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段““Since all existing E. woodii specimens (样本) are clones, their potential for genetic diversity in the face of environmental change and disease is limited,” wrote Cinti on The Conversation.( Cinti在《对话》杂志上写道：“由于现存的所有伍德苏铁样本都是克隆体，面对环境变化和疾病时，它们的遗传多样性潜力有限。”)”以及文章第四段“This is why researchers are seeking a female “companion” for E. woodii, and if they are successful, they will be able to contribute to the genetic diversity of the species.(这就是为什么研究人员要为伍德苏铁寻找一株雌性“伴侣”，如果成功，他们将能够增加该物种的遗传多样性。)”可知，现存的伍德苏铁都是克隆体，遗传多样性有限，而找到雌性伍德苏铁可以增加物种的遗传多样性，从而提高该物种在面对环境变化和疾病时的生存几率。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Given that the forest covers a vast area of more than 4,000 hectares, Cinti’s team has been using a drone (无人机) to take photos of the forest. They then trained an AI algorithm (算法) that can quickly recognize E. woodii by its shape from the photos.(鉴于这片森林面积超过4000公顷，范围广阔，辛蒂的团队使用无人机拍摄森林照片。然后，他们训练了一种人工智能算法，该算法能够从照片中根据形状快速识别出伍德苏铁。)”可知，科学家利用无人机拍摄森林照片，然后通过训练的 AI 算法从照片中识别伍德苏铁，即通过分析森林照片来寻找雌性伍德苏铁。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段“As an important aspect of biodiversity, genetic diversity refers to the presence of differences in the genes of individuals within a species.(作为生物多样性的一个重要方面，遗传多样性指的是同一物种内个体基因存在的差异。)”以及“Genetic diversity enables natural selection and drives evolution by determining how adaptable each individual is to changes in the outside environment.(遗传多样性促成自然选择，并通过决定每个个体对外部环境变化的适应能力来推动进化。)”可知，倒数第二段阐述了遗传多样性是生物多样性的重要方面，它使得生物个体之间存在差异，并且促成自然选择、推动进化，说明了遗传多样性的重要意义；而倒数第一段“A lack of genetic diversity can have severe consequences for humans.(遗传多样性的缺乏会给人类带来严重后果。)”则说明了遗传多样性缺乏会给人类带来严重后果，进一步强调了遗传多样性的重要性。所以最后两段主要讲述了遗传多样性的重要意义。故选B。 D If you write a book, there’s a chance it will be adapted into a movie script. If you create music, licensing deals can provide future earnings from your songs. However, for visual artists, once their work is sold from a gallery, they typically only get paid once. This one-time payment is typical for the majority of products, like when clothing companies don’t expect a cut from resold sweaters or farmers don’t profit from restaurants using their crops. But in the art world, things are different, especially when artworks can be resold for much higher prices than their initial sale value. Artists have long sought ways to benefit from the secondary market, which could offer them additional income. A new art fair, Zero Art Fair, created by artists Jennifer Dalton and William Powhida, has a unique approach to helping artists connect with this market. Described as a “no-cash and carry” fair, the art is genuinely free, with each piece listed online with its retail (零售) value provided by the creator. The artists are willing to give away their work because the contemporary-art market artificially limits supply. Many artworks are stored away, unsold and unseen. By giving some away, artists can clear studio space and continue creating. Collectors who might not afford high gallery prices can now buy and enjoy art, which is the essence of art making. Each artwork has a five-year waiting period before it can be fully owned, during which the artist can borrow back the piece for exhibition or sell it to other collectors. In the latter case, the original buyer has the opportunity to purchase it first at a discounted price based on how long they’ve had it. The most interesting part of this is that if the first collector ever sells the work, the artist gets 50% of that sale price, and if future buyers resell the piece, the artist receives 10% of all those future sales. This innovative approach to the secondary market is similar to the smart contracts (合同) used in the recent NFT (非同质化代币) boom. Smart contracts are digital agreements that pay artists royalties (版税) when their work is resold. There have even been some attempts to introduce smart contracts into the traditional art world, where physical works would be paired with an NFT that serves as an origin tracker and a revenue generator (收入来源) for artists whenever ownership changes hands. These unique sales and contract methods have been seen in parts of the art world for some time. However, Zero Art Fair and similar programs are not trying to replace the art market but to exist alongside it. Any experiment that encourages more people to collect art and makes artists happier is worth trying. 12. What unique challenge do visual artists face in Paragraph 1? A. They often have to give away their work for free. B. They typically receive payment only once for a sold artwork. C. They are unwilling to make their art more accessible to the public. D. They are required to produce a certain number of artworks annually. 13. How does Zero Art Fair differ from traditional art fairs? A. It does not involve any cash exchanges for artwork. B. It focuses on digital artworks rather than physical ones. C. It allows artists to sell their work at significantly higher prices. D. It requires artists to donate a percentage of their profits to charity. 14. What advantage do the original buyers of the art pieces at Zero Art Fair have? A. They have the say to refuse to return the art to its creator. B. They can borrow back the art at any time for exhibition uses. C. They are given the right to purchase the art at a discounted price. D. They are able to receive a share of future sales from the art pieces. 15. What is the purpose of pairing physical art with NFTs according to the article? A. To increase the number of artworks. B. To take the place of traditional art sales. C. To help artists tidy up studio storage space. D. To track the origin of the artwork and increase artists’ income. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家如何通过创新的方式来从二级市场中获益，特别是通过Zero Art Fair这一新的艺术博览会来实现。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, for visual artists, once their work is sold from a gallery, they typically only get paid once.(然而，对于视觉艺术家来说，一旦他们的作品从画廊售出，通常只能获得一次报酬。)”可知，视觉艺术家面临的独特挑战是作品从画廊售出后，通常只能获得一次报酬。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Described as a “no-cash and carry” fair, the art is genuinely free, with each piece listed online with its retail (零售) value provided by the creator. The artists are willing to give away their work because the contemporary-art market artificially limits supply.(这个艺术展会被称为“非现购自运”型展会，艺术品真正免费，每件作品都在网上列出，附带创作者提供的零售价格。艺术家们愿意赠送自己的作品，因为当代艺术市场人为地限制了供应。)”可知，零艺术博览会被称为“非现购自运”型展会，艺术品真正免费，即不涉及艺术品的现金交易，这与传统艺术展会不同。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the latter case, the original buyer has the opportunity to purchase it first at a discounted price based on how long they’ve had it. (在后一种情况下，最初的买家有机会以基于持有时间的折扣价优先购买。)”可知，如果艺术家要将作品卖给其他收藏家，原始买家有机会根据持有时间以折扣价优先购买，所以原始买家有以折扣价购买艺术品的权利。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“There have even been some attempts to introduce smart contracts into the traditional art world, where physical works would be paired with an NFT that serves as an origin tracker and a revenue generator (收入来源) for artists whenever ownership changes hands.(甚至有人尝试将智能合约引入传统艺术界，实物作品将与一个 NFT 配对，该 NFT 作为来源追踪器，每当作品所有权易手时，为艺术家创造收入。)”可知，将实物艺术作品与 NFT 配对，NFT 可以作为来源追踪器，并且每当所有权易手时为艺术家创造收入。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 China to Expand Enrollment for Professional Postgraduate China is making some changes in postgraduate education. ____16____. It aims to increase the enrollment of professional master’s degrees to about two-thirds of all master’s degree programs by 2025. This is because professional master’s degrees focus on the practical application of knowledge and skills. Ren Youqun, an important official in the Education Ministry, mentioned that China had a large number of postgraduate students in 2022. ____17____ But some people think academic master’s degrees are more valuable. However, this opinion needs to be changed. Professional master’s degrees are also important. They usually take two years to complete, one year less than academic master’s degrees. ____18____ They are designed to meet the needs of specific job fields and train people with strong professional skills for practical work. As the job market is becoming more competitive with a large number of college graduates expected in 2024, this kind of training is very necessary. To promote this change, the ministry has released a new guideline. ____19____ It also states that higher institutes newly allowed to grant master’s degrees should focus on the professional type that emphasizes vocational practice. ____20____ And if possible, the admission for professional doctoral degrees will also be greatly increased. This new guideline shows a way to develop professional master’s degrees better. A. The number was the second highest in the world. B. The Education Ministry has announced a new plan. C. China’s postgraduate education is facing new challenges. D. Professional master’s degrees have their own characteristics. E. This guideline will have a great impact on postgraduate education. F. It emphasizes the equal importance of the two types of master’s degrees. G. More and more students are choosing to pursue professional master’s degrees. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国对专业型硕士研究生扩招的新政策，包括政策的目标、背景、原因、具体措施以及未来的发展趋势。 【16题详解】 根据空前“China is making some changes in postgraduate education.(中国正在对研究生教育做出一些调整。)”可知，中国正在对研究生教育做出调整。选项B“The Education Ministry has announced a new plan.(教育部宣布了一项新计划)”延续上文内容，同时“a new plan”与空后的“It aims to increase the enrollment of professional master’s degrees to about two-thirds of all master’s degree programs by 2025.(目标是到 2025 年，将专业硕士学位的招生人数增加至约占所有硕士学位项目的三分之二。)”中的“it”保持一致。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据空前“Ren Youqun, an important official in the Education Ministry, mentioned that China had a large number of postgraduate students in 2022.(教育部重要官员任友群提到，2022 年中国研究生数量众多。)”指出，中国研究生数量众多。选项A“The number was the second highest in the world.(人数位居世界第二。)”进一步说明这个数量在世界上的地位，衔接紧密。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据空后“They are designed to meet the needs of specific job fields and train people with strong professional skills for practical work.(它们旨在满足特定工作领域的需求，为实际工作培养具备较强专业技能的人才。)”可知，下文介绍了专业硕士学位的特点。选项D“Professional master’s degrees have their own characteristics. (专业硕士学位有其自身特点。)”自然引出下文内容，符合逻辑。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“To promote this change, the ministry has released a new guideline.(为推动这一变革，教育部发布了一项新指南。)”可知，上文提到教育部发布了一项新指南。选项F“It emphasizes the equal importance of the two types of master’s degrees.(该指南强调了两种硕士学位的同等重要性)”中的“it”指的正是上文的“a new guideline”，内容上延续上文内容，指出该指南强调了学术型和专业型硕士学位同等重要，与前文衔接。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据下文“And if possible, the admission for professional doctoral degrees will also be greatly increased. This new guideline shows a way to develop professional master’s degrees better.(并且，如果条件允许，专业博士学位的招生人数也将大幅增加。这项新指南为更好地发展专业硕士学位指明了方向。)”可知，下文指出这项新指南为更好地发展专业硕士学位指明了方向。选项E“This guideline will have a great impact on postgraduate education.(这项指南将对研究生教育产生重大影响。)”指出该指南将对研究生教育产生重大影响，引出后文对指南作用的阐述。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Heman Bekele, a 15-year-old talent, has been honored as TIME’s Kid of the Year for 2024. This Ethiopian-born American teenager has ____21____ a groundbreaking idea — a soap that could ____22____ treat skin cancer. He is currently ____23____ with scientists, including Vito Rebecca from Johns Hopkins University, to test his concept. Heman’s journey began in Ethiopia, where his family moved to the United States when he was just four. He ____24____ people working outdoors in the sun without protection, which led him to learn about the dangers of cancer and the importance of skin protection from his parents. Skin cancer, while ____25____, often requires expensive treatment, motivating Heman to find a more accessible ____26____. As a curious child, Heman loved mixing different liquids. When he was seven, he discovered a(an) ____27____ called “imiquimod” from a magazine that can help fight skin cancer. He thought of the idea of mixing this medicine into a ____28____ bar, ____29____ tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin. Last year, Heman created a video _____30_____ his idea to the 3M Young Scientist Challenge. His creative _____31_____ impressed the judges, and he won the contest, receiving a $25,000 _____32_____ and the opportunity to cooperate with mentor scientists. Heman and Dr. Rebecca are now conducting tests to determine the soap’s _____33_____ in treating skin cancer in mice. As a _____34_____ teenager, Heman knows that developing his soap will take time and effort, but he remains committed to his _____35_____. He encourages other young people to contribute to making the world a better place. 21. A. taken over B. caught up with C. run over D. come up with 22. A. finally B. completely C. possibly D. fortunately 23. A. working B. dealing C. discussing D. struggling 24. A. heard B. imagined C. observed D. felt 25. A. desirable B. treatable C. available D. reasonable 26. A. solution B. function C. description D. attraction 27. A. medicine B. trick C. advertisement D. surgery 28. A. chocolate B. metal C. soap D. candy 29. A. stopping B. employing C. ordering D. curing 30. A. selling B. admitting C. explaining D. sending 31. A. production B. trend C. approach D. donation 32. A. salary B. profit C. earning D. prize 33. A. effectiveness B. interaction C. accuracy D. permission 34. A. determined B. weak C. shy D. talkative 35 A. mood B. goal C. profession D. employer 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Heman Bekele的15岁少年，因发明了一种可能治疗皮肤癌的肥皂而被《时代》杂志评为2024年度儿童。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位出生于埃塞俄比亚的美国少年想出了一个开创性的主意——一种有可能治疗皮肤癌的肥皂。A. taken over接管；B. caught up with赶上；C. run over碾过；D. come up with想出。根据下文“He thought of the idea of mixing this medicine into a ____8____ bar, ____9____ tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin.”可知，Heman想出了一个好的主意。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位出生于埃塞俄比亚的美国少年想出了一个开创性的主意——一种有可能治疗皮肤癌的肥皂。A. finally最后；B. completely完全地、彻底地；C. possibly可能；D. fortunately幸运地。根据下文“He is currently ____3____ with scientists, including Vito Rebecca from Johns Hopkins University, to test his concept.”中的“test his concept”可知，这个想法还有待验证，由此可知，这种肥皂有可能治疗皮肤癌。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，他正与包括约翰霍普金斯大学的Vito Rebecca在内的科学家们合作，对他的设想进行测试。A. working工作；B. dealing处理；C. discussing讨论；D. struggling挣扎。根据下文“His creative ____11____ impressed the judges, and he won the contest, receiving a $25,000 ____12____ and the opportunity to cooperate with mentor scientists.”中的“cooperate with”可推测，他在和科学家们合作。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到人们在户外阳光下劳作却没有任何防护措施，由此从父母那里了解到癌症的危害以及皮肤防护的重要性。A. heard听到；B. imagined想象；C. observed观察、遵守、评论；D. felt感到。根据空后“people working outdoors in the sun without protection,”可知，空后是Heman所观察到现象。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：皮肤癌虽然可以治疗，但往往需要高昂的治疗费用，这促使Heman去寻找一种更易获得的解决方案。A. desirable可取的；B. treatable可治疗的；C. available可获得的；D. reasonable合理的。根据空后“often requires expensive treatment”以及空前的“while”可推测，空处指的是皮肤癌虽然可以治疗，但是治疗费用昂贵。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：皮肤癌虽然可以治疗，但往往需要高昂的治疗费用，这促使Heman去寻找一种更易获得的解决方案。A. solution方案；B. function功能；C. description描述；D. attraction吸引。根据上文“Skin cancer, while ____5____ , often requires expensive treatment”可知，Heman知道皮肤癌虽然可以治疗但是需要昂贵的治疗费用，由此可知，他希望能够找到一种更易获得的解决方案。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：7岁时，他从一本杂志上了解到一种名为“咪喹莫特”的药物，这种药物有助于对抗皮肤癌。A. medicine药物；B. trick诡计；C. advertisement广告；D. surgery外科手术。根据空后“called “imiquimod” from a magazine that can help fight skin cancer.”可知，这是一种药物。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他萌生了将这种药物融入肥皂的想法，利用微小颗粒将治疗成分输送到皮肤上。A. chocolate巧克力；B. metal金属；C. soap肥皂；D. candy糖果。根据下文“Heman and Dr. Rebecca are now conducting tests to determine the soap’s ____13____ in treating skin cancer in mice.”可知，他产生了将药物融入肥皂的想法。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他萌生了将这种药物融入肥皂的想法，利用微小颗粒将治疗成分输送到皮肤上。A. stopping停止；B. employing利用；C. ordering命令；D. curing治愈。根据空后的“tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin.”以及上文所提及的想要治疗皮肤癌可知，这种想法是利用微小颗粒将治疗成分输送到皮肤上。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，Heman制作了一个视频，向3M青年科学家挑战赛阐释自己的想法。A. selling卖；B. admitting承认；C. explaining解释；D. sending发送。根据上文“Heman created a video”以及空后“his idea to the 3M Young Scientist Challenge”可知，Heman制作视频是为了将自己的想法解释给3M青年科学家挑战赛。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他富有创意的方法给评委们留下了深刻印象，最终赢得了比赛，获得2.5万美元奖金，并得到了与导师级科学家合作的机会。A. production生产；B. trend趋势行；C. approach方法；D. donation捐赠。根据上文“He thought of the idea of mixing this medicine into a ____8____ bar, ____9____ tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin.”可知，空处指的是他这种富有创意的治疗皮肤癌的方法。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他富有创意的方法给评委们留下了深刻印象，最终赢得了比赛，获得2.5万美元奖金，并得到了与导师级科学家合作的机会。A. salary薪水；B. profit利润；C. earning收入；D. prize奖品。根据上文“a $25,000”以及空后的“the opportunity to cooperate with mentor scientists”可知，赢得比赛可获得2.5万美元奖金。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，Heman和Rebecca博士正在进行测试，以确定这种肥皂对治疗小鼠皮肤癌的有效性。A. effectiveness有效性；B. interaction互动；C. accuracy准确性；D. permission允许。根据上文“He is currently ____3____ with scientists, including Vito Rebecca from Johns Hopkins University, to test his concept.”可知，他们进行测试是为了检验自己的想法，也就是这种肥皂对治疗小鼠皮肤癌的有效性。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个意志坚定的少年，Heman明白开发这种肥皂需要投入时间和精力，但他始终坚守自己的目标。A. determined坚定的；B. weak虚弱的；C. shy害羞的；D. talkative健谈的。根据下文“Heman knows that developing his soap will take time and effort, but he remains committed to his ____15____ .”以及全文内容可知，他是个意志坚定的少年。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个意志坚定的少年，Heman明白开发这种肥皂需要投入时间和精力，但他始终坚守自己的目标。A. mood情绪；B. goal目标；C. profession职业；D. employer雇主。根据上文“Heman knows that developing his soap will take time and effort”以及空前的“but”可知，尽管Heman明白开发这种肥皂需要投入时间和精力，但他始终坚守自己的目标。故选B。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共55分) 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the early days of the People’s Republic of China, Youyu county, ____36____ (locate) at the edge of the Maowusu Desert, had a green coverage ratio of less than 0.3 percent. Over the past seven decades, continuous efforts have increased the county’s green coverage ____37____ 68 percent, turning barren land into ____38____ oasis (绿洲), which shows how China’s national efforts are transforming the environment. China’s forest coverage rate has risen from 8.6 percent to more than 24 percent. Since the start of this century, it is estimated that China ____39____ (contribute) around a quarter of the world’s new green areas, according to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, ____40____ was started in 1978, has effectively limited desertification (沙漠化) and sandstorms, forming a “green great wall.” By 2020, afforestation (植树造林) was completed on 480 million mu of land, ____41____ (raise) forest from around 5 percent in 1978 to about 14 percent in these regions. What makes this program ____42____ (remark) is its impact on conserving water, soil, and agriculture. Efforts persist today with new programs ____43____ (design) to prevent land degradation. The goal is to improve ecological resilience and protect agriculture ____44____ (global). This transformation is one of the most important environmental _____45_____ (achievement). 【答案】36. located 37. to 38. an 39. has contributed 40. which 41. raising 42. remarkable 43. designed 44. globally 45. achievements 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国毛乌素沙漠边缘的右玉县在过去七十年间通过持续努力，将绿色覆盖率从不足0.3%提高到68%，将不毛之地变成了绿洲，并借此展示了中国全国性努力对环境改善的影响。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中华人民共和国成立初期，地处毛乌素沙漠边缘的右玉县，森林覆盖率不足0.3%。空处为非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词“Youyu county”和动词“locate”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填located。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：在过去的七十年里，经过持续不懈的努力，该县的森林覆盖率提升至68%，将荒地变成了绿洲，这彰显了中国为改善环境所做出的举国努力。空处为介词形式，构成短语：increase…to…，意为“将……提升为……”，符合句意。故填to。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在过去的七十年里，经过持续不懈的努力，该县的森林覆盖率提升至68%，将荒地变成了绿洲，这彰显了中国为改善环境所做出的举国努力。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 【39题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：据生态环境部统计，自本世纪初以来，中国新增的绿化面积约占全球新增绿化面积的四分之一。空处为从句谓语动词；根据时间状语“Since the start of this century”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“China”，单数，谓语动词用has。故填has contributed。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1978 年启动的“三北”防护林工程，有效地遏制了沙漠化和沙尘暴，构筑起了一道“绿色长城”。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到2020年，已完成造林4.8亿亩，这些地区的森林覆盖率从1978年的约5%提高到了约14%。空处为非谓语动词担当结果状语，用现在分词形式。故填raising。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这项工程的卓越之处在于其对水土保持和农业发展产生的积极影响。空处为形容词形式担当宾语补足语，意为“卓越的”。故填remarkable。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，中国仍在持续努力，通过实施新的项目来防止土地退化。空处为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语；宾语“new programs”和动词“design”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填designed。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：目标是提高生态恢复能力，并在全球范围内保护农业。担当句子的地点状语，用副词形式。故填globally。 【45题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：这种转变是最重要的环境成就之一。固定搭配：one of 名词的复数形式，意为“……之一”，符合句意。故填achievements。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你外国笔友Mike读完你推荐的中文小说后，收获很大，写信感谢了你，并希望得到更多建议。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 表示高兴； 2. 你的建议； 3. 希望Mike进一步学习中国文化。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mike, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, I’m very glad to hear that you have benefited a lot from the Chinese novels I recommended. I’m happy that you like them. To help you learn more about Chinese culture, I suggest you watch some Chinese documentaries, which can offer you a broader perspective. Communicating with your Chinese friends in your daily life can also provide you with a down-to-earth view of Chinese culture. I sincerely hope you can continue to explore the charm of Chinese culture. If you have any questions, feel free to ask me. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的建议信。要求考生给外国笔友Mike写封信，就其想要学习中国文化给出自己的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→ delighted 建议：suggest→ advise 真诚地：sincerely→ genuinely 继续：continue→ go on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Communicating with your Chinese friends in your daily life can also provide you with a down-to-earth view of Chinese culture. 拓展句：If you communicate with your Chinese friends in your daily life, it can also provide you with a down-to-earth view of Chinese culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m very glad to hear that you have benefited a lot from the Chinese novels I recommended.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和省略关系代词which的定语从句） 【高分句型2】To help you learn more about Chinese culture, I suggest you watch some Chinese documentaries, which can offer you a broader perspective.（运用了省略that的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Whenever Abigail opened the door to her aunt’s place for an after-school visit, she was greeted with the sight of her 3-year-old niece, sitting on the floor drawing with crayons. “She’s obsessed (着迷的),” said her aunt.“Gosh, I’m envious of a 3-year-old then,” Abigail thought to herself. Every day, rubbing the sleep from her eyes, Abigail would go over to look at herself in the mirror, thinking the same thing: I am just so…ordinary. It all started once she entered middle school, where her grades in all subjects were OK but not great, and she couldn’t sing or dance that well, or play sports. She wasn’t even good at making jokes as she was so shy. As she continued to go down the same mind spiral (漩涡) of “you’re not good enough, what kind of job could you get in the future being someone so ordinary?”, she checked the clock and rushed out the door to get to school on time. Along the way, she saw Peter and Sally walking ahead of her. Two of the class’s top students, they were just so smart and dedicated. Peter always stayed behind after math class to continue working on the equations (方程式). He was, like her niece was with drawing, obsessed and talented. A few mornings later in class, something seemed a bit off with Abigail’s teacher, Mr Fry. He was normally quite active, moving quickly from the whiteboard to the podium (讲台) to explain some new knowledge points. But that morning, Abigail noticed that he seemed slower, not very with it. Then, as he asked the students to copy down a math equation, Mr Fry began shaking and then started to fall. Immediately, Abigail rushed from her sea t in the fourth row, managing to catch him just in time. He had fainted. “Someone go get the head teacher now!” yelled Abigail in a loud, clear voice. Fifteen minutes later, Abigail and her classmates watched out the classroom window at Mr Fry being wheeled across the parking lot on a stretcher (担架) to be put into an ambulance. After two weeks off, Mr Fry was back, entering the classroom again to a round of applause from the students. His presence brought a sense of relief and normalcy to the room, easing their worry about his sudden illness. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As soon as the lunch bell rang, Mr Fry pulled Abigail aside. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Extraordinary”, the word echoed in Abigail’s mind as walked home from school that day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As soon as the lunch bell rang, Mr Fry pulled Abigail aside. This was the first time she had ever spoken alone with a teacher. She rubbed her hands together and felt butterflies in her stomach. It was not until she heard a soft chuckle that she looked up to meet Mr Fry’s smiling eyes. “I’ve noticed your reserved nature and shyness, but what surprised me was your sharp insight, unique judgment, and calm response during my time of need. These traits demonstrate that you’re an extraordinary kid. Thank you for what you did.” “Extraordinary,” the word echoed in Abigail’s mind as she walked home from school that day. It seemed as if the word had taken root in her heart. She had never thought that the word could be applied to her. “If I can break out of my shell, things could be different.” Abigail was determined to get the ball rolling. Since then, she has gradually dared to make eye contact when speaking, ask about things she doesn’t understand in class and discuss equations with her classmates. Once and for all, she learned that one should not sell oneself short or get tied up in knots and that everyone has their own unique spark and strengths, waiting for exploration and discovery. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了女孩Abigail一直觉得自己很平凡，成绩平平，各方面表现也一般。有一天，在开始上课发现老师Mr Fry有点不对劲，后来Mr Fry开始发抖，快要摔倒。在关键时刻Abigail从座位跑过去接住了Mr Fry，最后Mr Fry被救护车送往医院。几周之后，Mr Fry康复返校继续为学生上课。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“午餐铃一响，Mr Fry就把Abigail拉到一边。”可知，第一段可描写Mr Fry赞扬Abigail敏锐的判断力，在关键时刻Abigail冷静做出反应帮助了Mr Fry，Mr Fry认为她是一个非凡的孩子。 ②由第二段首句内容““太棒了，”那天放学回家的路上，Abigail脑海中回荡着这个词。”可知，第二段可描写Abigail想着老师的赞美，于是她在课堂上变得自信，从而积极改变自己，然后升华主旨：每个人都是“非凡的”，都有自己的闪光之处。 2.续写线索：Abigail与Mr Fry胆怯地交谈——Mr Fry赞美Abigail是一个非凡的孩子——Mr Fry感谢Abigail的帮助——Abigail回想着“非凡的”这个词——Abigail决心改变自己——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①注意到：notice/observe ②决心做某事：be determined to do/make up one’s mind to do ③学到：learn/study 情绪类 ①使惊讶：surprise/shock/amaze ②咯咯笑： chuckle/giggle 【点睛】【高分句型1】It was not until she heard a soft chuckle that she looked up to meet Mr Fry’s smiling eyes. (使用了强调句型“It was...that...”) 【高分句型2】It seemed as if the word had taken root in her heart.(使用了 as if引导的表语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$