第11讲 语法填空：生活故事 （讲义）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（浙江专用）

第11讲 语法填空：语篇之生活故事 目录 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 3 考点突破·考法探究 4 考点一 无提示词的情况 4 考点二 有提示词的情况 8 分层训练·巩固提升 13 基础巩固 13 能力提升 22 语法填空题一共有10个空,其中有6~7个空考查实词,括号内有给出相关的词,另外的3~4个空为考查虚词,不给出相关的词。此题型主要考查学生对语法和词法知识的掌握和运用。要注意不同词性的构词法,学会分析空格里的词在句子中的成分也很重要。其考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种： 1.给出提示词的考查内容包括：词性转换（如名词、动词、形容词与副词等的词性转换）；名词单、复数变化；形容词和副词的比较等级变化；动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等。 2.不给出提示词的考查内容包括：根据上下文语境填入冠词、副词、连词、代词及介词等。 （一）无提示词的情况 1.冠词 若空格后为名词，且该名词在文中首次出现，一般用不定冠词 a/an；若名词被形容词最高级、序数词等修饰，或表示特指，则用定冠词 the。例如：“It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty...” 中的 “a”；“...the most modern of architects and engineers.” 中的 “the”. 2.介词 常考查一些常见介词的固定搭配，如 in、on、at、for、with 等。需根据语境和动词、名词等的搭配习惯来选择。比如 “...it’s only an hour away by car...” 中的 “by”. 3.连词 并列连词中，and 考得较多，用于连接两个并列的句子、短语或单词等；but 表示转折；or 表示选择。从属连词则常出现在定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句中，如 who、which、that 引导定语从句，when、where、why 引导状语从句，if、whether 引导名词性从句等。像 “...some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.” 中的 “and”；“Although/Though he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.” 中的 “Although/Though”. 【典例】 1．It’s dangerous for a green hand like you to drive at speed of 120 kilometres an hour. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：像你这样的新手以每小时120公里的速度开车是很危险的。at a speed of是固定短语，意为“以……的速度”，因此空格处用a，故填a。 2．What example he set for the students! (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【详解】考查冠词。句意：他给学生们树立了一个多么好的榜样啊！根据所给句子分析可知，本句由what引导感叹句，example为可数名词，且以元音音素开头，因此需要使用不定冠词an。故填an。 3． number of tourists is increasing at present. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】The 【详解】考查冠词。句意：目前游客的数量正在增加。短语the number of“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，是固定搭配，首字母大写。故填The。 4．It was such amazing film that everyone present thought highly of it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：这是一部非常棒的电影，在场的每个人都对它评价很高。such…that…引导结果状语从句，film为可数名词单数，amazing为元音音素发音，表示泛指，不定冠词用an。故填an。 5．As college students, we should take active part in social activities. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【详解】考查冠词。句意：作为大学生，我们应该积极参加社会活动。短语take an active part in表示“积极参加”，故填an。 6．This kindergarten is in charge of a young girl. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：这家幼儿园由一个年轻女孩负责。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语in the charge of，意为“由……负责，由……掌管”。故填the。 7．The scientists have strong desire to explore the mysteries of the universe. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：科学家们有探索宇宙奥秘的强烈愿望。have a strong desire to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有做某事的强烈愿望”，因此空格处用a，故填a。 8．It took passengers 3 hours to go all way around the Xi’an City Wall. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：乘客们花了大约3个小时绕西安城墙走了一圈。本空用冠词the，固定短语all the way“一路上，一直，完全”。故填the。 9．The school is preparing students to make a contribution society. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：学校正在培养学生为社会做贡献。固定短语make a contribution to sth.表示“对某事做贡献”。故填to。 10．The red-crowned crane has long been regarded a symbol of happiness and good luck. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查介词。句意：丹顶鹤一直被视为幸福和好运的象征。此处需要介词与regard构成短语“be regarded as”意为“被视为……”。故填as。 11．I was shock for about two weeks after the accident. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：事故发生后，我有约两个星期都处于惊魂未定的状态。介词短语in shock表示处于震惊状态，作表语。故填in。 12．Global warming has a great effect plants and animals.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】on/upon 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：全球变暖对动植物有很大的影响。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语have an effect on/upon“对……有影响”，满足句意要求。故填on/upon。 13．Some were found alive, though they were suffering terrible injuries. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：一些人被发现还活着，尽管他们受了重伤。suffer from为固定短语，意为“遭受……之苦”，from为介词，后接表示疾病、自然灾害等的名词。故填from。 14．If you want to pass your exams, you’d better change your attitude study. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to/towards 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你想通过考试，你最好改变你的学习态度。attitude to/towards意思为：……的态度。故填to/towards。 15．In my opinion, big challenges can sometimes lead great solutions. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：在我看来，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案。lead to导致。根据句意，故填to。 16．E-mail makes people feel it convenient to keep in touch each other. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】with 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：电子邮件使人们觉得彼此保持联系很方便。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语keep in touch with“保持联系”，满足句意要求。故填with。 17． average, a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】On 【详解】考查介词。句意：平均来说，强烈地震每两年发生不到一次。短语on average表示“平均”。首字母大写。故填On。 18．Anyone who can work out the solution the problem will be presented a gift. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：任何能解决这个问题的人都将得到一份礼物。the solution to the problem为固定短语，意思为：问题的解决方案，空处缺少介词to。故填to。 19．I think an honor to be invited to speak at such an important conference. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：我认为被邀请在这么重要的会议讲话是一件很荣幸的事。此处作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式to be invited to speak at such an important conference，故应用it作形式宾语，故填it。 20．It was three months I graduated. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：过了三个月我才毕业。分析句子可知，这里考查it was + 一段时间 + before... 其意思是 “过了多长时间才……”，是一个常用句式。故填before。 21．Many students lost marks in the exam simply they didn’t read the questions carefully. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查连词。句意：许多学生在考试中简单地丢了分，因为他们没有仔细阅读问题。分析句子结构和意思可知，两个句子之间是因果关系，第二句是原因，故用连词because。故填because。 22．I’ll find a way to improve on my own so I can make the team the next year. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我会想办法自我提高，这样我明年就能进入球队。分析句子结构并结合句意，我想办法自我提高是为了进入球队，表示目的，so that意为“这样，以便”，可引导目的状语从句。故填that。 23．I’d like to ask you a few questions, you don’t mind. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果您不介意的话，我想问您几个问题。空处引导条件状语从句，应用if引导，故填if。 24．Life is like climbing a mountain. you feel tired, you will enjoy the beautiful view at the top of it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Though/Although/While 【详解】考查状语从句引导词。句意：人生就像爬山。虽然你很累，但你会欣赏到山顶的美景。分析句子语境可知，“________ you feel tired”为状语从句，且从句与主句之间为让步转折关系，用连词“though/although/while(尽管)”引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Though/Although##While。 25．I have never seen as beautiful a place you have talked. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我从未见过像你说的那样美丽的地方。表示“和……一样”为as...as...，引导比较状语从句。故填as。 26．Nobody thinks it easy one can succeed without outside support. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：没有人认为没有外界支持就能成功是容易的。分析句子结构可知，it为形式宾语，空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 27．I doubt he will be offered the chance to go abroad. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我怀疑他是否会得到出国的机会。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的宾语，宾语从句的成分完整，结合“doubt”可知，空处表达“是否”，应用连接词whether或if作引导词。故填whether/if。 28．Sorry, we are late. That’s we were held up in the traffic jam. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：对不起，我们迟到了。那是因为我们遭遇了交通堵塞。本空引导表语从句，说明迟到的原因，用because“因为”引导。故填because。 29．The boy made a speech just now is my best friend.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：刚才讲话的那个男孩是我最好的朋友。分析句子可知，设空处引导限制性的定语从句，先行词是The boy，指人，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 30．This is the best decision I have ever made. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我做过的最好的决定。空格处引导语从句，修饰先行词decision，且在从句作宾语，先行词由最高级修饰，只能用that引导定语从句。故填that。 （二）有提示词的情况 1.谓语动词 要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。一般现在时和一般过去时是常考时态，需根据文章的整体时态、时间状语以及上下文的语境来判断。同时，要注意主语的单复数形式，以确定谓语动词的正确形式。例如 “...when fat and salt are removed from food...” 中的 “are removed”. 2.非谓语动词 包括不定式、现在分词和过去分词。不定式常表示目的、将来等；现在分词多表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。比如 “...to process the food that we eat...” 中的 “to process”；“...allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket...” 中的 “to be lifted”3. 3.形容词和副词 给出形容词时，可能考查其比较级、最高级形式，或转化为副词形式；给出副词时，可能考查其比较级、最高级或反义词。比较级和最高级的判断通常依据句中的关键词，如 than、of all 等。例如 “even worse” 中的 “worse”. 5代词 包括人称代词主格宾格形式、物主代词、反身代词的单复数形式，以及 some、any、other、another 等限定词。需根据句子的逻辑和指代关系来确定。比如 “After the student left, the teacher let another student taste the water.” 中的 “another”. 6.词性转换 常考名词的复数形式，尤其是当空格前有明显的修饰可数名词的数量词，如基数词、a few、many、some 等时。此外，还会考查动词与名词的转化，如 choose→choice，develop→development 等. 【典例】 1．This kind of cloth (wash) well. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】washes 【详解】考查动词，一般现在时，主谓一致。句意：这种布料很好洗。此处需要动词作谓语，主语this kind of cloth表单数概念，当主语是织物或布料时，指耐洗，经洗等，wash需要用主动，表示被动含义。故填washes。 2．To read English aloud every morning (do) you a lot of good. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】does 【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：每天早上大声朗读英语对你有很多好处。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词；结合语境可知，“朗读英语有好处”是客观事实，故谓时态是一般现在时；又因为“To read English aloud”是句子的主语，不定式短语作主语时谓语动词用单数第三人称。故填does。 3．Allan (leave) for America next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is leaving/will leave 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：艾伦下周要去美国。根据next week可知，句子描述将来的计划，用一般将来时，leave为位移类动词，可以用现在进行时表示将来，主语为单数。也可以用will do构成一般将来时。故填is leaving/will leave。 4．He (chat) with us for two hours and made notes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】chatted 【详解】考查时态。句意：他和我们聊了两个小时，并且做了笔记。根据及后面的并列谓语made可知，时态一般过去时，空处应用过去式。故填chatted。 5．The company (develop) new and innovative products since last year, hoping to gain a competitive edge in the market. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been developing/has developed 【详解】考查时态。句意：自去年以来，该公司一直在开发新颖且具有创新性的产品，希望能在市场上获得竞争优势。空处为句子谓语，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去，且根据时间状语“since last year”可知，应用现在完成进行时。另外，此处也可以表示动作从过去开始，一直延续到现在，表示动作没有结束，用现在完成时态也可以。故填①has been developing；②has developed。 6．When I got to the meeting room, the meeting (not begin). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had not begun/hadn’t begun 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我到达会议室时，会议还没有开始。根据句意可知，“当我到达会议室时”，这是一个过去的时间点，而主句描述的是在这个时间点之前已经发生的事情，即“会议还没有开始”。因此，主句需要使用过去完成时had done，表示“过去的过去”，begin过去分词为begun。空处应用否定式had not begun/ hadn’t begun。故填had not begun/ hadn’t begun。 7．We (discuss) the problem when the teacher came in. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were discussing 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们正在讨论这个问题，这时老师进来了。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when...表示“正在做某事，这时……”，根据后文came可知应用过去进行时，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填were discussing。 8．I’m afraid there (be) a meeting this afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be 【详解】考查时态。句意：恐怕今天下午会有个会议。设空处为从句谓语，根据this afternoon可知应是一般将来时，故填will be。 9．A large amount of water (waste) every day in some places, which is a serious problem. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】is wasted 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在一些地方，每天浪费大量的水，这是一个严重的问题。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合后文every day可知为一般现在时的被动语态；且a large/a huge/an enormous amount of + 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is wasted。 10．The classroom (clean) every day by the students on duty. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is cleaned 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：教室每天由学生值日打扫。every day表示经常、习惯性的动作，教室是被打扫的，要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语The classroom是单数，be 动词用 is，clean 的过去分词是 cleaned，故填 is cleaned。 11．Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars (sweep) away by huge waves. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were swept 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：渔民、游客、旅馆、房子和汽车被巨大的海浪卷走了。主语Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars与谓语sweep构成被动关系，且描述的是过去发生的事情，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were swept。 12．The classroom (clean), so you don’t need to clean it again. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】has been cleaned 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：教室已经被打扫过了，所以你不需要再打扫它。根据时间状语“so you don’t need to clean it again”可推断，动作已经完成，应用现在完成时态，且主语“the classroom”与“clean”为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，主语the classroom是第三人称单数，助动词使用has。故填has been cleaned。 13．How many cars (make) in the factory since last year? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been made 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自从去年以来这家工厂制造了多少辆汽车？根据时间状语since last year可知，句子描述的是从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，因此应使用现在完成时，主语cars与make之间是被动关系，cars是复数形式，应为现在完成时的被动语态have been made。故填have been made。 14．It is not unusual for students (play) computer games, but they should manage their time properly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to play 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生玩电脑游戏并不罕见，但他们应该合理管理自己的时间。此处为句型it be adj. for sb. to do sth.，it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故填to play。 15．The flat was filled with smoke, and it was becoming difficult to (breath). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】breathe 【详解】考查动词。句意：公寓里烟雾弥漫，呼吸变得越来越困难。分析句子可知用it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，空格处在动词不定式符号to后用动词原形即可。故填breathe。 16．I’m too happy (invite) to your birthday party. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be invited 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很高兴被邀请参加你的生日聚会。此处为be happy to do sth.，且invite与I构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故填to be invited。 17．Selim has been a doctor for twenty years, so he’s used to (work) late at night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】working 【详解】考查动名词。句意：Selim 已经当医生二十年了，因此他习惯工作到很晚。此处意为“习惯于做某事”，表达为be used to doing sth.，故此处应用动名词作宾语，故填working。 18．With the matter disturbing her, she had trouble   (concentrate) on her study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】concentrating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于这件事困扰着她，她无法集中精力学习。have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，表示 “做某事有困难”。故填concentrating。 19．Many students have difficulty (deliver) a speech in public, but they can overcome it through training. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】delivering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生在公共场合演讲有困难，但他们可以通过训练克服它。have difficulty (in) doing sth为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，此处使用动名词作宾语，介词in省略。故填delivering。 20．The 4-year-old boy was caught (surf) the Internet, with eyes glued to the little screen. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】surfing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个四岁的小男孩被发现正在上网，眼睛盯着小屏幕。分析句子结构，动词catch后跟非谓语动词，意为“被发现正在做某事”时，应用动词的现在分词形式作补足语，故填surfing。 21．She is (attract) to her new school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attracted 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：她喜爱她的新学校。根据句意，本题考查固定短语be attracted to，意为“喜爱上，被吸引”，attracted为过去分词转化而来的形容词，作表语。故填attracted。 22．He took a few deep breaths to calm (he) down. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】himself 【详解】考查代词。句意：他做了几次深呼吸使自己平静下来。句子的主语和宾语一致，需用主语he对应的反身代词himself，作宾语。故填himself。 23．In my opinion, all the students should behave (they) no matter where they are. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】themselves 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：在我看来，所有的学生都应该表现好，无论他们在哪里。此处为代词作宾语，主语all the students与宾语为同一人，所以此处使用反身代词作宾语，they的反身代词为themselves，behave oneself意为“表现得体”。故填themselves。 24．It is wise to take (he) advice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】his 【详解】考查物主代词。句意：听取他的建议是明智的。修饰名词advice作定语应该使用形容词性物主代词，he的形容词性物主代词是his，故填his。 25．In (I) view, there is connection between two things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】my 【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在我看来，这两件事之间存在联系。空处需要形容词性物主代词，修饰后面的名词，作定语。I形容词性物主代词为my“我的”。故填my。 26．His (curious) about ancient civilizations led him to become an archaeologist. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】curiosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对古代文明的好奇心使他成为一名考古学家。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作主语，curious的名词形式是curiosity。故填curiosity。 27．Peter held his breath in (admire) of Mary’s excellent performance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admiration 【详解】考查名词。句意：Peter屏住了呼吸，满怀钦佩地欣赏Mary的出色表演。in admiration是固定搭配，表示“钦佩、赞赏”，admire的名词形式是admiration，故填admiration。 28．Mystery surrounds her (disappear). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappearance 【详解】考查名词。句意：她的失踪疑团重重。形容词性物主代词her后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。结合句意，用名词disappearance，表示“消失，失踪”之意，为不可数名词。故填disappearance。 29．Your timely (donate) and help will be greatly appreciated. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】donation 【详解】考查名词。句意：非常感谢您的及时捐赠和帮助。timely是形容词，修饰名词，句子表示“非常感谢您的及时捐赠和帮助”，空格处意为“捐赠”，名词是donation，是不可数名词，故填donation。 30． (prevent) is better than cure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Prevention 【详解】考查名词。句意：防病重于治病。作主语，用名词prevention，不可数，首字母大写。故填Prevention。 31．No one can succeed without hard work and (concentrate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】concentration 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有努力和专注，没有人能成功。根据and可知，空处和hard work一起作并列宾语，所以空处应填名词，concentrate的名词形式是concentration，不可数。故填concentration。 32．The new teacher left a good (impress) on the students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impression 【详解】考查名词。句意：新老师给学生们留下了良好的印象。提示词作动词left的宾语，用名词impression，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式；leave a good impression on sb.“给某人留下良好的印象”。故填impression。 33．The Internet keeps us informed of the latest news and also provides (entertain) in the house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】entertainment 【详解】考查名词。句意：互联网让我们了解最新的新闻，也在家中为我们提供娱乐。动词provide后需接名词作宾语，entertain的名词形式是entertainment。故填entertainment。 34．The (major) of people are against smoking in public. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：大多数人反对在公共场合吸烟。定冠词the修饰名词，空处应填名词majority，意为“大多数”，the majority of是固定短语，意为“大多数的……”。故填majority。 35．John was punished for his (careless). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】carelessness 【详解】考查名词。句意：约翰因为粗心而受到惩罚。本空作介词for的宾语，用形容词careless的名词形式carelessness“粗心”，故填carelessness。 36．The young and energetic (teenage) will enjoy their wonderful life to their hearts’ content. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】teenagers 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：年轻而充满活力的青少年将尽情享受他们美好的生活。作主语应用名词teenager，结合后文their可知应用复数。故填teenagers。 37．No wonder people from Rio take a (week) leave. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】week’s 【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：难怪里约的人会休一周假。由空后leave为名词可知，此处为名词所有格作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填week’s。 38．Every (individual) story adds depth to our understanding of history. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】individual's 【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：每个个人的故事都增加了我们对历史的理解深度。根据句意可知，此处需要用individual的所有格形式individual’s来修饰后面的名词story。故填individual’s。 39．She told me how (create) my designs were. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】creative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她告诉我我的设计很有创意。提示词作宾语从句中表语，用形容词creative，意为“有创造力的，有创意的”，表明主语my designs的性质。故填creative。 40．We are (confidence) that the environment will be improved by our efforts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】confident 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们相信，通过我们的努力，环境会得到改善。空前是be动词，空后是从句，需填形容词作表语，confidence是名词，其形容词形式为confident。故填confident。 41．I picked up the phone but discovered the battery was (die). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】dead 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我拿起电话，却发现电池没电了。die是个动词，根据横线前的was判断，需要将die变成形容词dead。the battery was dead的意思是“电池没电了”，符合题意。故答案是dead。 42．The movie was so (scare) that I wouldn’t want to watch it any more. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】scary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这部电影太恐怖了，我再也不想看了。scare是个动词，意思是“使……害怕”，横线前有was，说明应该将scare变成形容词scary，从而充当表语。scary的意思是“恐怖的”，符合题意。故答案为scary。 43．I was grateful to my teacher for helping me choose the (suit) courses. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】suitable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我感激我的老师帮助我选择了合适的课程。此处作定语，故应用形容词“suitable合适的”修饰名词courses，故填suitable。 44．I find it (frighten) to recall that disaster. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】frightening 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我觉得回忆这起灾难很令人害怕。此处作宾补，宾语为it，指物，故应用形容词“frightening令人害怕的”作宾补，故填frightening。 45． (obvious), when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing to do. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Obviously 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，当你哥哥这么做的时候，你会觉得这是一件很酷的事情。空格处作状语，修饰下文的句子，应该用副词形式obviously。故填Obviously。 46．The project was (entire) completed ahead of schedule. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】entirely 【详解】考查副词。句意：项目完全提前完成。空处修饰动词completed，需要填入副词作状语，entire是形容词，其副词形式为entirely。故填entirely。 47．There is a rising tendency towards language learning (global), with billions of dollars spent on it each year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】globally 【详解】考查副词。句意：在全球范围内，学习语言的趋势正在上升，每年在这方面的花费高达数十亿美元。空处应用副词，修饰句子，作状语；globally为副词，表示“全球地”，符合句意。故填globally。 48．The children were expected to behave (they). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】themselves 【详解】考查代词。句意：孩子们要守规矩。此处为短语behave oneself表示“守规矩”，故填themselves。 49．I also repeat what I hear to help (I) to experience the feeling of the language. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】myself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：我也重复我所听到的，以帮助我自己体验语言的感觉。本空作help的宾语，和主语所指相同，应使用反身代词myself“我自己”。故填：myself。 50．In the (two) part, there is a test in Grammar and Vocabulary. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】second 【详解】考查序数词。句意：在第二部分，有一个语法和词汇测试。根据空前的the以及句意可知，此处指在第二部分，有一个语法和词汇测试。所以空处需要two的序数词。故填second。 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 “Dear stranger, I’m inviting you to hear my goals I’ve never shared with anyone before. I would like to be active. I want to achieve…” This heartfelt (诚挚的) message 1 (write) on a sanitary bag of a high-speed train by a college girl. The next day, a passenger in the same seat discovered the message. 2 passenger posted it online with a reply, “How 3 (luck) we are to meet across time and space! I hope you can do well in the interview. I wish you all the best.” This communication 4 (catch) people’s attention and touched their hearts. The sanitary bag became the carrier of the college girl’s dream and hope. Under the post, people shared their views, and many college students also expressed their 5 (feel) about school interviews. Later, the college girl read the post and shared 6 she did it. She was nervous on her way to an important school interview, 7 she wrote the message to pour out her feelings. The good news is that she has been admitted (录取) to her dream school. And she thanked the stranger for his encouragement 8 (polite) and hoped other students could go to their dream schools, too. The railway staff explain that if the sanitary bags 9 messages are intact (完好无损的) and clean, they usually do not replace them. “We hope these special notes on sanitary bags can brighten 10 (passenger) journeys.” says a staff person. So what do you do with the sanitary bag when you take the high-speed train? Have you ever had any special communication with strangers? 【答案】 1．was written 2．The 3．lucky 4．caught 5．feelings 6．why 7．so 8．politely 9．with 10．passengers’ 【导语】本文讲述了一位女大学生在高速列车上的卫生袋上写下自己的心声和目标以及后续发生的故事。 1．句意：这是一位女大学生写在高铁卫生袋上的衷心留言。由“This heartfelt (诚挚的) message…on a sanitary bag of a high-speed train by a college girl”可知，留言是被写下，应用被动语态，介绍过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was/were+过去分词。故填was written。 2．句意：一名乘客在网上发布了这张照片，并回复道：“我们跨越时空相遇，真是幸运！希望你能在面试中取得好成绩。祝你一切顺利。”由“The next day, a passenger in the same seat discovered the message”可知，这里是第二次提到乘客，应用定冠词the表特指，位于句首首字母需大写。故填The。 3．句意：一名乘客在网上发布了这张照片，并回复道：“我们跨越时空相遇，真是幸运！希望你能在面试中取得好成绩。祝你一切顺利。”由“How…we are”可知，此处应用形容词作表语。故填lucky。 4．句意：这种交流引起了人们的注意，触动了他们的心。由“and touched”可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填caught。 5．句意：在帖子下，人们分享了他们的观点，许多大学生也表达了他们对学校面试的感受。由“their…about school interviews”可知，此处应用名词feeling“感受”的复数形式，指大学生们的感受。故填feelings。 6．句意：后来，这位女大学生读了这篇帖子，并分享了她这么做的原因。由“She was nervous on her way to an important school interview,…she wrote the message to pour out her feelings”可知，是在解释为什么在高铁上写留言的原因，why“为什么”符合语境，在从句中作状语。故填why。 7．句意：在去参加一个重要的学校面试的路上，她很紧张，所以她写了这封信来倾诉她的感受。由“She was nervous on her way to an important school interview,…she wrote the message to pour out her feelings”可知，此处指她很紧张，所以她写了留言来倾诉她的感受，so“所以”符合语境。故填so。 8．句意：她礼貌地感谢陌生人的鼓励，并希望其他学生也能去他们梦想的学校。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词thanked。故填politely。 9．句意：铁路工作人员解释说，如果装着信息的卫生袋完好无损且干净，他们通常不会更换。由“the sanitary bags…messages”可知，此处表示带有信息的卫生袋，应用with“有”表伴随。故填with。 10．句意：“我们希望这些卫生包上的特别提示可以照亮乘客的旅程。”一位工作人员说。由“…journeys”可知，此处指乘客们的旅程，应用名词所有格，且乘客不止一个。故填passengers’。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 James and Isabella were classmates. One day, on 11 (they) way home by bus, James wanted to play his favorite game. While he was asking a question and talking excitedly, Isabella sat there in 12 (silent). She thought James was such 13 chatterbox (话痨) that she didn’t want to talk with him. “James!” Isabella said. “You are noisy. 14 you keep talking, I won’t be your friend any more.” After 15 (hear) Isabella’s words, James felt so sad. He kept quiet for the rest of the journey. When they got 16 the bus, they went home separately. Neither of them said goodbye. Later, Isabella and her mother were invited to James’s house for a party. Isabella felt bored but she didn’t say any 17 (word) to James. Her mother noticed, “Isabella, what happened?” Isabella 18 (explain) to her mother the reason. Then her mother said, “You should deal with this problem properly. He just wants to play with you. You could try a couple of rounds with James on the way home.” Isabella agreed. She said to James, “As long as you become a little 19 (quiet), I will play with you.” “I will. It’s a deal!” James said 20 (happy). After that, James and Isabella became good friends again. 【答案】 11．their 12．silence 13．a 14．If 15．hearing 16．off 17．words 18．explained 19．quieter 20．happily 【导语】本文主要讲述了詹姆斯和伊莎贝拉因交流方式产生矛盾又化解矛盾，最终又成为好朋友的故事。 11．句意：一天，在他们乘公共汽车回家的路上，詹姆斯想玩他最喜欢的游戏。they“他们”。根据“on...way home”可知，应是在他们回家的路上，空格处应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。 12．句意：当他兴奋地问问题并交谈时，伊莎贝拉静静地坐在那里。silent“安静的”。in silence“安静地，静静地”。故填silence。 13．句意：她觉得詹姆斯是个如此话痨的人，以至于她不想和他说话。“such+a/an+可数名词单数+ that...” 是一个固定句型，表示 “如此…… 以至于……”，chatterbox 是可数名词单数，且发音以辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 14．句意：如果你继续说下去，我就不再和你做朋友了。根据“you keep talking, I won’t be your friend any more”可知，这里需要一个引导条件状语从句的连词，if“如果”，符合语境。故填If。 15．句意：听到伊莎贝拉的话后，詹姆斯感到非常难过。hear“听，听到”。根据“After”可知，介词后应接动名词作宾语。故填hearing。 16．句意：当他们下了公共汽车后，他们各自回家了。根据“they went home separately”可知，是下了公交车，get off“下车”。故填off。 17．句意：伊莎贝拉觉得很无聊，但她没有对詹姆斯说任何话。word“话”。根据“any”可知，其后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，word是可数名词，这里要用复数形式 words。故填words。 18．句意：伊莎贝拉向她母亲解释了原因。explain“解释”。结合语境和“noticed”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填explained。 19．句意：只要你稍微安静一点儿，我就和你一起玩。quiet“安静的”。结合语境和“a little”可知，此处应用比较级，quiet的比较级是quieter。故填quieter。 20．句意：詹姆斯高兴地说。happy“高兴的”。根据“James said”可知，修饰动词应用副词，即happily“高兴地”。故填happily。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在文章空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My name is Li Fang. I used to be 21 shy girl. But this term, I decided to do a brave thing 22 public. When my teacher asked who would like to be the physics monitor (课代表), I 23 (put) up my hand and got this role. At first, I thought it was 24 (easily), but later I found that it was a little difficult. To begin with, I found many of my 25 (classmates) didn’t hand in their homework on time, so I felt worried about them. I shouted at them to hand in their homework as soon as possible. 26 , it didn’t work but made them angry. One girl asked, “Why are you shouting at us? You’re making it seem like it is all our mistake. “Then I realized it was actually my mistake. I should be friendly to them and talk to them 27 (polite). After this, I 28 (change) the way I spoke. “Excuse me. Could you please finish your homework?” I said. To 29 (me) surprise, I found many classmates understood me much better and finished their homework quickly. I also realized I should be a good monitor who is helpful and patient. I really cherish (珍惜) this experience and I am very proud of my changes. This experience makes me 30 (grow) up better and better day by day. 【答案】 21．a 22．in 23．put 24．easy 25．classmates 26．However 27．politely 28．changed 29．my 30．grow 【导语】本文讲述的是作者在竞选上物理课代表之后与同学发生的矛盾，以及她后来认识到自己工作方法的错误并及时改正，之后和同学们建立了良好的关系。 21．句意：我曾经是一个害羞的女孩。此处泛指一个女孩，shy首字母发辅音音素，故填a。 22．句意：但是这学期，我决定在公共场合做一件勇敢的事。in public“在公共场合”，固定短语，故填in。 23．句意：当我的老师问谁想当物理课代表时，我举手得到了这个职位。put up“举起”，时态是一般过去时，put的过去式还是put，故填put。 24．句意：起初，我认为它很容易，但后来我发现它有点难。根据“At first, I thought it was..., but later I found that it was a little difficult.”可知，前后句意转折，起初认为是容易的，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语。故填easy。 25．句意：首先，我发现我的很多同学没有按时交作业，所以我很担心他们。根据“I found many of my...didn’t hand in their homework on time”可知，很多同学没有按时交作业，classmate“同学”，many修饰可数名词复数。故填classmates。 26．句意：然而，这并没有奏效，反而让他们很生气。前后句意转折，且空后有“,”，however“然而”符合语境，句首需大写首字母。故填However。 27．句意：我应该对他们友好，礼貌地与他们交谈。此处需填副词，修饰动词短语talk to。故填politely。 28．句意：从那以后，我改变了说话的方式。根据“After this, I...the way I spoke.”可知，改变了说话方式，change“改变”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填changed。 29．句意：令我惊讶的是，我发现许多同学更好地理解了我，并很快完成了作业。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，主语是I，所以用my。故填my。 30．句意：这段经历使我一天天成长得越来越好。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故填grow。 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词），或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Seven-year-old Maggie Kuznia loves books, but she loves sharing the stories she has read even more. Once or twice a week, the little girl visits the old people at Good Samaritan Society in Minnesota. By 1 (offer) to read books to the old people living there, she has not only made progress in storytelling, but also made many new friends. How did Maggie get into the habit? 2 (actual), Maggie’s mom, Tiffany Kuznia, works at Good Samaritan Society. She usually takes Maggie 3 her to work. On a snowy day, Maggie made a decision. She put some books instead of her game player into her bag. She announced in excitement that she was going to read to those old people. With time, Maggie has become so popular among the old people 4 she even has “regulars (常客)” she reads to every week. She often stays with each one for 5 hour. The old people are always willing to spend more time with her. She 6 (see) as a granddaughter of their own. Maggie 7 (do) the sweet work for nearly a year and now she is confident of her reading ability. “She’s such a good little reader,” said Patti Griggs, one of Maggie’s 8 (listen). “I used to teach first-grade kids how to read. There weren’t many children 9 could read like her.” Maggie says she will encourage other kids of her age 10 (read) to the elderly. 【答案】 1．offering 2．Actually 3．with 4．that 5．an 6．is seen 7．has done 8．listeners 9．who/that 10．to read 【导语】本文主要讲述了小女孩玛吉非常爱读书，而且喜欢给老人读书，并希望通过自己的行动鼓励他人给老人读书。 1．句意：通过主动为居住在那里的老人读书，她不仅在讲故事方面取得了进步，还结交了许多新朋友。by doing sth.“通过做某事”，所以填动名词形式。故填offering。 2．句意：事实上，玛吉的妈妈，Tiffany Kuznia，在Good Samaritan Society工作。空处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式actually表示“事实上”。句首单词首字母大写，故填Actually。 3．句意：她通常带玛吉一起去上班。根据“takes Maggie ... her to work”可知，此处指“带玛吉和她一起去上班”，with“和”符合句意。故填with。 4．句意：随着时间的推移，玛吉在老年人中变得如此受欢迎，以至于她甚至每周都会给“常客”读书。so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 5．句意：她经常和每个人待一个小时。此处泛指“一个小时”，单词“hour”发音以元音音素开头，所以填不定冠词an。故填an。 6． 句意：她被视为他们自己的孙女。根据“She”和“see”的关系可知，此处表示“被视为”，所以用被动语态，时态为一般现在时，所以是一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，所以结构为：is+过去分词。故填is seen。 7．句意：玛吉已经做了将近一年的甜蜜工作，现在她对自己的阅读能力充满信心。根据“for nearly a year”可知，本句是现在完成时，主语是单数，助动词用has，do的过去分词为done。故填has done。 8．句意：“她是一个很好的小读者，”玛吉的听众Patti Griggs说。根据“She’s such a good little reader,”可知，麦琪是读者，说话人就是听众，其英文为listener；“one of”后跟名词复数。故填listeners。 9．句意：没有多少孩子能像她那样读书。空处引导定语从句，且先行词是人，在从句中作主语，用who/that作关系词。故填who/that。 10．句意：玛吉说，她会鼓励其他同龄的孩子给老人读书。考查encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，所以填动词不定式作宾补。故填to read。 Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词），或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 I am quite devoted to volunteering. Whenever I am asked why I want to help as a volunteer, my answer always 11 (remain) the same: It allows me to connect with my community and make it 12 better place. Growing up in Hawaii, my dad took me to the city center every month 13 (offer) food to the poor. We never skipped (跳过) it even once 14 I left my hometown to go to university. My idea to help others also grew from there. In my 15 (four) year of university, I founded my own food program, the Lunch Box. I will never forget the day when I started it. A student 16 (happy) walked in the door and hugged me, “It’s said you’ve opened the Lunch Box. What a great job you’ve done to prepare food for 17 (we) ! Thank you so much. 18 your help, I won’t have enough food in the following days.” That was two and a half years ago, but the 19 (moment) like that still happen to me today. I now work on several food programs for poor people in Indianapolis. And I will continue to make myself available as long as there is still someone 20 is in need. 【答案】 11．remains 12．a 13．to offer 14．before 15．fourth 16．happily 17．us 18．Without 19．moments 20．who 【导语】本文讲述了一位从小受父亲影响热心助人的志愿者，在大学四年级时创立了自己的食品项目“午餐盒”，致力于为社区贫困人群提供食物，并至今仍在坚持这一善举的故事。 11．句意：每当有人问我为什么想做志愿者时，我的答案总是一样的：它让我与我的社区联系起来，让它变得更美好。根据“always”可知，此句为一般现在时，主语“my answer”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式remains。故填remains。 12．句意：每当有人问我为什么想做志愿者时，我的答案总是一样的：它让我与我的社区联系起来，让它变得更美好。“place”为单数名词，此处应用不定冠词修饰，表泛指；“better”以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a。故填a。 13．句意：我在夏威夷长大，父亲每个月都带我去市中心为穷人提供食物。根据“my dad took me to the city center every month...food to the poor.”可知，去那里的目的是提供食物，此处应用动词不定式to offer作目的状语。故填to offer。 14．句意：在我离开家乡去上大学之前，我们一次都没有间断过。根据“We never skipped (跳过) it even once...I left my hometown to go to university.”可知，此处指在离开家乡之前都没有间断过为穷人提供食物，连词before“在……之前”符合语境。故填before。 15．句意：在我大学四年级的时候，我创立了自己的食品项目，叫做“午餐盒”。根据提示词和“...year of university”可知，此处指大学的第四年，应用序数词fourth“第四”表示顺序。故填fourth。 16．句意：一个学生高兴地走进来拥抱我。修饰动词“walked”，应用副词happily“高兴地”。故填happily。 17．句意：你为我们准备食物，真是做得太棒了！介词for后接宾格us。故填us。 18．句意：没有你的帮助，我在接下来的日子里将没有足够的食物。根据“..your help, I won’t have enough food in the following days.”可知，此处指没有作者的帮助就不会得到足够的食物，介词without“没有”符合语境，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Without。 19．句意：那是两年半以前的事了，但这样的时刻今天仍然发生在我身上。谓语动词“happen”为原形，主语应是复数名词moments“时刻”。故填moments。 20．句意：只要还有需要帮助的人，我就会继续帮助他们。分析句子可知，空处到句末为定语从句，修饰先行词“someone”，指人，且该关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导该定语从句。故填who。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 There was a young girl named Lily in a small town. She had a 21 (care) nature, so she was well-known for her kindness. The town was preparing for a big celebration to honor 22 (it) historical heritage (文化遗产). Lily was excited to be part of it. While 23 (examine) the tasks assigned (指派) to her, she noticed that some details needed to be uncovered. Lily went to the town’s library to do some research on the 24 (hide) information. An old librarian treated her 25 (polite) and introduced the valuable books about the town’s history to her. Lily paid special attention to the 26 (pronounce) rules of the old names and words in the books, trying to understand them more wisely. Lily’s friend Tom planned to perform at the opening ceremony, 27 as the celebration was coming near, he got cold feet. Lily asked him not to give up and told him it was worth 28 (try). Finally, the big day arrived. The celebration was 29 huge success. Tom ended up being one of the 30 (hero) of the day, and everyone praised both Lily and Tom for making the event an unforgettable one. 【答案】 21．caring 22．its 23．examining 24．hidden 25．politely 26．pronunciation 27．but 28．trying 29．a 30．heroes 【导语】本文讲述了一个以善良著称的女孩莉莉，她所在的小镇正在准备一场大型庆典以纪念其历史文化遗产，莉莉积极参与其中并做出贡献。 21．句意：她天性充满爱心，因此她以善良著称。根据“nature”可知，此处需要填入形容词，作定语，意为“有同情的，关爱的”。故填caring。 22．句意：小镇正在准备一场大型庆典，以纪念其历史文化遗产。根据“historical heritage”可知，此处指为了纪念它的历史文化遗产，需要使用物主代词。故填its。 23．句意：在检查指派给她的任务时，她注意到有些细节需要揭示。根据“While…”可知，此处做时间状语，需要使用现在分词时。故填examining。 24．句意：莉莉去了镇上的图书馆，研究那些隐藏的信息。根据“information”可知，此处需要形容词作定语，意为“隐藏的”。故填hidden。 25．句意：一位老图书管理员礼貌地接待了她，并向她介绍了有关镇历史的宝贵书籍。根据“treated her”可知，此处指礼貌地接待她，修饰动词“treat”需要使用副词。故填politely。 26．句意：莉莉特别关注书中旧名称和单词的发音规则，试图更明智地理解它们。根据“rules of the old names and words”可知，此处指旧名称和单词的发音规则，需要使用名词形式。故填pronunciation。 27．句意：莉莉的朋友汤姆计划在开幕式上表演，但随着庆典临近，他开始紧张起来。根据“Tom planned to perform at the opening ceremony”可知，此处汤姆的计划和现在他的紧张状态之间是转折关系。故填but。 28．句意：莉莉让他不要放弃，并告诉他值得一试。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，固定搭配。故填trying。 29．句意：庆典取得了巨大的成功。根据“huge success”可知，此处指庆典是一次巨大的成功。故填a。 30．句意：汤姆最终成为了当天的英雄之一，大家都为莉莉和汤姆让这个活动变得难忘而赞扬他们。根据“one of”可知，此处名词用复数，表示范围。故填heroes。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第11讲 语法填空：语篇之生活故事 目录 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 3 考点突破·考法探究 4 考点一 无提示词的情况 4 考点二 有提示词的情况 8 分层训练·巩固提升 13 基础巩固 13 能力提升 22 语法填空题一共有10个空,其中有6~7个空考查实词,括号内有给出相关的词,另外的3~4个空为考查虚词,不给出相关的词。此题型主要考查学生对语法和词法知识的掌握和运用。要注意不同词性的构词法,学会分析空格里的词在句子中的成分也很重要。其考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种： 词性转换（如名词、动词、形容词与副词等的词性转换）；名词单、复数变化；形容词和副词的比较等级变化；动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等。 根据上下文语境填入冠词、副词、连词、代词及介词等。 （一）无提示词的情况 1.冠词 若空格后为名词，且该名词在文中首次出现，一般用不定冠词 a/an；若名词被形容词最高级、序数词等修饰，或表示特指，则用定冠词 the。例如：“It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty...” 中的 “a”；“...the most modern of architects and engineers.” 中的 “the”. 2.介词 ，如 in、on、at、for、with 等。需根据语境和动词、名词等的搭配习惯来选择。比如 “...it’s only an hour away by car...” 中的 “by”. 3.连词 并列连词中，，用于连接两个并列的句子、短语或单词等；but 表示转折；or 表示选择。从属连词则常出现在定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句中，如 who、which、that 引导定语从句，when、where、why 引导状语从句，if、whether 引导名词性从句等。像 “...some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.” 中的 “and”；“Although/Though he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.” 中的 “Although/Though”. 【典例】 1．It’s dangerous for a green hand like you to drive at speed of 120 kilometres an hour. (用适当的词填空) 2．What example he set for the students! (用适当的词填空) 3． number of tourists is increasing at present. （用适当的词填空） 4．It was such amazing film that everyone present thought highly of it. (用适当的词填空) 5．As college students, we should take active part in social activities. (用适当的词填空) 6．This kindergarten is in charge of a young girl. (用适当的词填空) 7．The scientists have strong desire to explore the mysteries of the universe. 8．It took passengers 3 hours to go all way around the Xi’an City Wall. (用适当的词填空) 9．The school is preparing students to make a contribution society. (用适当的词填空) 10．The red-crowned crane has long been regarded a symbol of happiness and good luck. (用适当的词填空) 11．I was shock for about two weeks after the accident. (用适当的词填空) 12．Global warming has a great effect plants and animals.（用适当的词填空） 13．Some were found alive, though they were suffering terrible injuries. (用适当的词填空) 14．If you want to pass your exams, you’d better change your attitude study. (用适当的词填空) 15．In my opinion, big challenges can sometimes lead great solutions. （用适当的词填空） 16．E-mail makes people feel it convenient to keep in touch each other. (用适当的词填空) 17． average, a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years. (用适当的词填空) 18．Anyone who can work out the solution the problem will be presented a gift. (用适当的词填空) 19．I think an honor to be invited to speak at such an important conference. (用适当的词填空) 20．It was three months I graduated. (用适当的词填空) 21．Many students lost marks in the exam simply they didn’t read the questions carefully. (用适当的词填空) 22．I’ll find a way to improve on my own so I can make the team the next year. (用适当的词填空) 23．I’d like to ask you a few questions, you don’t mind. (用适当的词填空) 24．Life is like climbing a mountain. you feel tired, you will enjoy the beautiful view at the top of it. (用适当的词填空) 25．I have never seen as beautiful a place you have talked. (用适当的词填空) 26．Nobody thinks it easy one can succeed without outside support. （用适当的词填空） 27．I doubt he will be offered the chance to go abroad. (用适当的词填空) 28．Sorry, we are late. That’s we were held up in the traffic jam. (用适当的词填空) 29．The boy made a speech just now is my best friend.（用适当的词填空） 30．This is the best decision I have ever made. (用适当的词填空) （二）有提示词的情况 1.谓语动词 要考虑。一般现在时和一般过去时是常考时态，需根据文章的整体时态、时间状语以及上下文的语境来判断。同时，要注意主语的单复数形式，以确定谓语动词的正确形式。例如 “...when fat and salt are removed from food...” 中的 “are removed”. 2.非谓语动词 包括不定式、现在分词和过去分词。不定式常表示目的、将来等；现在分词多表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。比如 “...to process the food that we eat...” 中的 “to process”；“...allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket...” 中的 “to be lifted”3. 3.形容词和副词 给出形容词时，可能考查其比较级、最高级形式，或转化为副词形式；给出副词时，可能考查其比较级、最高级或反义词。比较级和最高级的判断通常依据句中的关键词，如 than、of all 等。例如 “even worse” 中的 “worse”. 5代词 包括，以及 some、any、other、another 等限定词。需根据句子的逻辑和指代关系来确定。比如 “After the student left, the teacher let another student taste the water.” 中的 “another”. 6.词性转换 常考名词的复数形式，尤其是当空格前有明显的修饰可数名词的数量词，如基数词、a few、many、some 等时。此外，还会考查动词与名词的转化，如 choose→choice，develop→development 等. 【典例】 1．This kind of cloth (wash) well. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．To read English aloud every morning (do) you a lot of good. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．Allan (leave) for America next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．He (chat) with us for two hours and made notes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The company (develop) new and innovative products since last year, hoping to gain a competitive edge in the market. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．When I got to the meeting room, the meeting (not begin). (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．We (discuss) the problem when the teacher came in. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．I’m afraid there (be) a meeting this afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．A large amount of water (waste) every day in some places, which is a serious problem. （所给词的适当形式填空） 10．The classroom (clean) every day by the students on duty. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes and cars (sweep) away by huge waves. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．The classroom (clean), so you don’t need to clean it again. （所给词的适当形式填空） 13．How many cars (make) in the factory since last year? (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．It is not unusual for students (play) computer games, but they should manage their time properly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．The flat was filled with smoke, and it was becoming difficult to (breath). (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．I’m too happy (invite) to your birthday party. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．Selim has been a doctor for twenty years, so he’s used to (work) late at night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．With the matter disturbing her, she had trouble   (concentrate) on her study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．Many students have difficulty (deliver) a speech in public, but they can overcome it through training. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．The 4-year-old boy was caught (surf) the Internet, with eyes glued to the little screen. （所给词的适当形式填空） 21．She is (attract) to her new school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．He took a few deep breaths to calm (he) down. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．In my opinion, all the students should behave (they) no matter where they are. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24．It is wise to take (he) advice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．In (I) view, there is connection between two things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．His (curious) about ancient civilizations led him to become an archaeologist. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．Peter held his breath in (admire) of Mary’s excellent performance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28．Mystery surrounds her (disappear). (所给词的适当形式填空) 29．Your timely (donate) and help will be greatly appreciated. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30． (prevent) is better than cure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 31．No one can succeed without hard work and (concentrate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 32．The new teacher left a good (impress) on the students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33．The Internet keeps us informed of the latest news and also provides (entertain) in the house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 34．The (major) of people are against smoking in public. 35．John was punished for his (careless). (所给词的适当形式填空) 36．The young and energetic (teenage) will enjoy their wonderful life to their hearts’ content. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．No wonder people from Rio take a (week) leave. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38．Every (individual) story adds depth to our understanding of history. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39．She told me how (create) my designs were. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．We are (confidence) that the environment will be improved by our efforts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41．I picked up the phone but discovered the battery was (die). （所给词的适当形式填空） 42．The movie was so (scare) that I wouldn’t want to watch it any more. （所给词的适当形式填空） 43．I was grateful to my teacher for helping me choose the (suit) courses. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44．I find it (frighten) to recall that disaster. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45． (obvious), when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing to do. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．The project was (entire) completed ahead of schedule. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．There is a rising tendency towards language learning (global), with billions of dollars spent on it each year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48．The children were expected to behave (they). （所给词的适当形式填空） 49．I also repeat what I hear to help (I) to experience the feeling of the language. （所给词的适当形式填空） 50．In the (two) part, there is a test in Grammar and Vocabulary. (所给词的适当形式填空) Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 “Dear stranger, I’m inviting you to hear my goals I’ve never shared with anyone before. I would like to be active. I want to achieve…” This heartfelt (诚挚的) message 1 (write) on a sanitary bag of a high-speed train by a college girl. The next day, a passenger in the same seat discovered the message. 2 passenger posted it online with a reply, “How 3 (luck) we are to meet across time and space! I hope you can do well in the interview. I wish you all the best.” This communication 4 (catch) people’s attention and touched their hearts. The sanitary bag became the carrier of the college girl’s dream and hope. Under the post, people shared their views, and many college students also expressed their 5 (feel) about school interviews. Later, the college girl read the post and shared 6 she did it. She was nervous on her way to an important school interview, 7 she wrote the message to pour out her feelings. The good news is that she has been admitted (录取) to her dream school. And she thanked the stranger for his encouragement 8 (polite) and hoped other students could go to their dream schools, too. The railway staff explain that if the sanitary bags 9 messages are intact (完好无损的) and clean, they usually do not replace them. “We hope these special notes on sanitary bags can brighten 10 (passenger) journeys.” says a staff person. So what do you do with the sanitary bag when you take the high-speed train? Have you ever had any special communication with strangers? Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 James and Isabella were classmates. One day, on 11 (they) way home by bus, James wanted to play his favorite game. While he was asking a question and talking excitedly, Isabella sat there in 12 (silent). She thought James was such 13 chatterbox (话痨) that she didn’t want to talk with him. “James!” Isabella said. “You are noisy. 14 you keep talking, I won’t be your friend any more.” After 15 (hear) Isabella’s words, James felt so sad. He kept quiet for the rest of the journey. When they got 16 the bus, they went home separately. Neither of them said goodbye. Later, Isabella and her mother were invited to James’s house for a party. Isabella felt bored but she didn’t say any 17 (word) to James. Her mother noticed, “Isabella, what happened?” Isabella 18 (explain) to her mother the reason. Then her mother said, “You should deal with this problem properly. He just wants to play with you. You could try a couple of rounds with James on the way home.” Isabella agreed. She said to James, “As long as you become a little 19 (quiet), I will play with you.” “I will. It’s a deal!” James said 20 (happy). After that, James and Isabella became good friends again. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在文章空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My name is Li Fang. I used to be 21 shy girl. But this term, I decided to do a brave thing 22 public. When my teacher asked who would like to be the physics monitor (课代表), I 23 (put) up my hand and got this role. At first, I thought it was 24 (easily), but later I found that it was a little difficult. To begin with, I found many of my 25 (classmates) didn’t hand in their homework on time, so I felt worried about them. I shouted at them to hand in their homework as soon as possible. 26 , it didn’t work but made them angry. One girl asked, “Why are you shouting at us? You’re making it seem like it is all our mistake. “Then I realized it was actually my mistake. I should be friendly to them and talk to them 27 (polite). After this, I 28 (change) the way I spoke. “Excuse me. Could you please finish your homework?” I said. To 29 (me) surprise, I found many classmates understood me much better and finished their homework quickly. I also realized I should be a good monitor who is helpful and patient. I really cherish (珍惜) this experience and I am very proud of my changes. This experience makes me 30 (grow) up better and better day by day. Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词），或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Seven-year-old Maggie Kuznia loves books, but she loves sharing the stories she has read even more. Once or twice a week, the little girl visits the old people at Good Samaritan Society in Minnesota. By 1 (offer) to read books to the old people living there, she has not only made progress in storytelling, but also made many new friends. How did Maggie get into the habit? 2 (actual), Maggie’s mom, Tiffany Kuznia, works at Good Samaritan Society. She usually takes Maggie 3 her to work. On a snowy day, Maggie made a decision. She put some books instead of her game player into her bag. She announced in excitement that she was going to read to those old people. With time, Maggie has become so popular among the old people 4 she even has “regulars (常客)” she reads to every week. She often stays with each one for 5 hour. The old people are always willing to spend more time with her. She 6 (see) as a granddaughter of their own. Maggie 7 (do) the sweet work for nearly a year and now she is confident of her reading ability. “She’s such a good little reader,” said Patti Griggs, one of Maggie’s 8 (listen). “I used to teach first-grade kids how to read. There weren’t many children 9 could read like her.” Maggie says she will encourage other kids of her age 10 (read) to the elderly. Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词），或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 I am quite devoted to volunteering. Whenever I am asked why I want to help as a volunteer, my answer always 11 (remain) the same: It allows me to connect with my community and make it 12 better place. Growing up in Hawaii, my dad took me to the city center every month 13 (offer) food to the poor. We never skipped (跳过) it even once 14 I left my hometown to go to university. My idea to help others also grew from there. In my 15 (four) year of university, I founded my own food program, the Lunch Box. I will never forget the day when I started it. A student 16 (happy) walked in the door and hugged me, “It’s said you’ve opened the Lunch Box. What a great job you’ve done to prepare food for 17 (we) ! Thank you so much. 18 your help, I won’t have enough food in the following days.” That was two and a half years ago, but the 19 (moment) like that still happen to me today. I now work on several food programs for poor people in Indianapolis. And I will continue to make myself available as long as there is still someone 20 is in need. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 There was a young girl named Lily in a small town. She had a 21 (care) nature, so she was well-known for her kindness. The town was preparing for a big celebration to honor 22 (it) historical heritage (文化遗产). Lily was excited to be part of it. While 23 (examine) the tasks assigned (指派) to her, she noticed that some details needed to be uncovered. Lily went to the town’s library to do some research on the 24 (hide) information. An old librarian treated her 25 (polite) and introduced the valuable books about the town’s history to her. Lily paid special attention to the 26 (pronounce) rules of the old names and words in the books, trying to understand them more wisely. Lily’s friend Tom planned to perform at the opening ceremony, 27 as the celebration was coming near, he got cold feet. Lily asked him not to give up and told him it was worth 28 (try). Finally, the big day arrived. The celebration was 29 huge success. Tom ended up being one of the 30 (hero) of the day, and everyone praised both Lily and Tom for making the event an unforgettable one. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$