精品解析：江苏省南京市联合体2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题

2024-2025学年南京市联合体英语八年级上册期末试卷 一、听力（略） 二、单项填空(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. There were all kinds of thoughts running through Daniel’s ________ after he heard the news. A. body B. mind C. memory D. sense 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：丹尼尔听到这个消息后，各种想法在他脑海中闪过。 考查名词辨析。body身体；mind头脑，思想；memory记忆；sense感觉，感官。根据“thoughts running through Daniel’s…”可知，应该是各种想法在脑海中闪现，故选B。 2. Jack seldom did any sports, but now he starts to exercise every day and becomes ________. A. careful B. modest C. energetic D. curious 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：杰克很少做运动，但现在他开始每天锻炼，变得精力充沛。 考查形容词辨析。careful小心的；modest谦虚的；energetic精力充沛的；curious好奇的。根据“but now he starts to exercise every day”可知，Jack开始每天锻炼，锻炼通常会让人变得有活力。故选C。 3. — Kitty, how much do you know about The Book of Songs? — It is the ________ collection of poems in China and the beginning of China’s poetry tradition. A. earlier B. earliest C. later D. last 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——基蒂，你对《诗经》了解多少？——它是中国最早的诗歌集，也是中国诗歌传统的开端。 考查比较等级及形容词辨析。earlier更早的；earliest最早的；later稍后；last最后的。“the”后接最高级，结合常识可知，《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌总集，此处用“earliest”。故选B。 4. Animals are important in our lives. ________ , our actions make many kinds of animals in danger. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Also D. However 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在我们的生活中，动物是重要的。然而，我们的行为却使许多种类的动物处于危险中。 考查副词辨析。moreover而且；otherwise否则；also也；however然而。根据“Animals are important in our lives”和“our actions make many kinds of animals in danger”可知，前后是转折关系，however “然而”，符合语境。故选D。 5. —I tried again and again, but I still failed. — Don’t be sad. You should learn to ________ the result and keep trying. A. accept B. prevent C. support D. describe 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我试了一次又一次，但还是失败了。——别难过。你应该学会接受结果并继续努力。 考查动词辨析。accept接受；prevent阻止；support支持；describe描述。根据“but I still failed”以及“keep trying”可知，失败后要学会接受失败的结果再继续努力，“accept”符合语境，故选A。 6. — I called you yesterday, but you didn’t answer. — Sorry. I ________ a report on animal protection. A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. will read 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——昨天我给你打电话，但是你没有接。——抱歉。我正在读一个关于动物保护的报道。 考查过去进行时。根据“yesterday”和“but you didn’t answer”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在发生事情，时态为过去进行时，其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”，主语为I，be动词用was，故选C。 7. Which of the following words is formed in the same way as “toothache”? A. hunting B. careless C. unhappy D. pancake 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：下列哪个单词的构成方式与“toothache”相同？ 考查构词法。hunting打猎；careless粗心的；unhappy不开心的；pancake薄饼。toothache是由tooth和ache组合而成的复合词。hunting是hunt的动名词形式；careless是care加否定后缀-less构成的形容词；unhappy是否定前缀un-加happy开心构成的形容词；pancake是由pan和cake组合而成的复合词，与toothache的构成方式相同。故选D。 8. The snowstorm will hit our city this weekend. Be careful that your car may ________. A. put down B. come down C. break down D. calm down 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：暴风雪这个周末将会袭击我们的城市。小心你的车可能会出故障。 考查动词短语。put down放下，镇压，记下；come down下来；break down出故障，分解；calm down平静下来。根据“The snowstorm will hit our city this weekend.”可知，暴风雪可能会对车辆造成影响，使车辆出现故障，break down“出故障”，符合语境。故选C。 9. Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Tom makes some boys laugh”? A. Tom is a kind and helpful boy. B. Tom is singing in his room now. C. Tom bought his mother a present. D Tom often watches Mike play the piano. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子结构与“汤姆让一些男孩笑”相同？ 考查句子结构。Tom is a kind and helpful boy.是“主系表”结构；Tom is singing in his room now.是“主谓”结构；Tom bought his mother a present.是“主谓双宾”结构；Tom often watches Mike play the piano.是“主谓宾宾补”结构。“Tom makes some boys laugh”是 “主语+谓语+宾语+宾补” 结构，与选项D结构相同。故选D。 10. —Do you still remember the science lesson from China’s Tiangong Space Station last year? —________. It was so amazing that I would never forget it. A. All right B. Of course C. Certainly not D. Come on 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你还记得去年中国天宫空间站的科学课吗？——当然。它是如此令人惊叹，我永远也不会忘记。 考查情景交际。All right好吧；Of course当然；Certainly not当然不；Come on加油。根据“It was so amazing that I would never forget it.”可知，说话者不会忘记那堂课，所以此处应用“当然”回答，表示对上文提问的肯定回答。故选B。 三、完形填空(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tiffany loves spring and summer because the snails usually come outside to her workplace during the seasons. And she loves ___11___ the snails. One day, Tiffany noticed that the snails would usually ___12___ their way across a walkway at the bottom of a staircase (楼梯), and a lot of people were also ___13___ through the place. This worried Tiffany as the snails might be stepped (踩) on by accident. And they seemed to be more ___14___ in the early mornings and on warm, wet days or the day after it rains. “It’s a ___15___place for a snail, but that’s the path they choose, and we have to share that ___16___ with them,” Tiffany said. Wanting to keep her little friends ___17___ from people, Tiffany came up with the sweetest idea! She ___18___ a snail-crossing sign—“Safety first!” on the way along the stairs to tell everyone to be careful of their steps and be aware (意识到) of the snails. Tiffany’s ___19___ was successful (成功的). People who used both the walkway and the stairs ____20____ more about the little snails. Now, Tiffany can watch her little friends as much as she pleases, without worrying that somebody might just step on them. 11. A. watching B. eating C. catching D. raising 12. A. push B. make C. feel D. search 13. A. swimming B. jogging C. running D. passing 14. A. energetic B. active C. inactive D. awful 15. A. wonderful B. dark C. dangerous D. warm 16. A. space B. ceiling C. shelf D. board 17. A. different B. tired C. safe D. alone 18. A. put in B. put out C. put down D. put up 19. A. plan B. direction C. joke D. painting 20. A. talked B. learned C. cared D. worried 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Tiffany保护蜗牛的故事。 【11题详解】 句意：她喜欢看蜗牛。 watching看；eating吃；catching抓住；raising抚养。根据“Tiffany loves spring and summer because the snails usually come outside to her workplace during the seasons.”可知，她喜欢看蜗牛。故选A。 【12题详解】 句意：有一天，Tiffany注意到蜗牛通常会穿过楼梯底部的走道，很多人也会经过这个地方。 push推；make制作；feel感觉；search搜索。根据“the snails would usually ... their way across a walkway at the bottom of a staircase”可知，蜗牛在路上爬，make one’s way“一路前进”。故选B。 13题详解】 句意：有一天，蒂芙尼注意到蜗牛通常会穿过楼梯底部的走道，很多人也会经过这个地方。 swimming游泳；jogging慢跑；running跑步；passing经过。根据“and a lot of people were also ... through the place”可知，很多人也经过这个地方。故选D。 【14题详解】 句意：它们似乎在清晨、温暖潮湿的日子或雨后的第二天更活跃。 energetic精力充沛的；active活跃的；inactive不积极的；awful糟糕的。根据“in the early mornings and on warm, wet days or the day after it rains”可知，蜗牛在清晨、温暖潮湿的日子或雨后的第二天更活跃。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：这对蜗牛来说是个危险的地方，但这是它们选择的路径，我们必须和它们共用那个空间。 wonderful精彩的；dark黑暗的；dangerous危险的；warm温暖的。根据“but that’s the path they choose”可知，蜗牛选择的路是危险的。故选C。 【16题详解】 句意：这对蜗牛来说是个危险的地方，但这是它们选择的路径，我们必须和它们共用那个空间。 space空间；ceiling天花板；shelf架子；board板。根据“but that’s the path they choose, and we have to share that ... with them”可知，我们不得不和它们共用空间。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：为了保护她的小朋友不受人伤害，Tiffany想出了一个最甜蜜的主意！ different不同的；tired疲倦的；safe安全的；alone独自地。根据“Wanting to keep her little friends ... from people”可知，Tiffany想要保证蜗牛的安全。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：她竖起了一个蜗牛横过的标志——“安全第一！”在沿着楼梯的路上告诉大家小心脚下，小心蜗牛。 put in放入；put out扑灭；put down放下；put up张贴。根据“She ... a snail-crossing sign”可知，她张贴了一个蜗牛通过的标志。故选D。 【19题详解】 句意：Tiffany的计划很成功。 plan计划；direction方向；joke笑话；painting画画。根据“ She ... a snail-crossing sign—‘Safety first!’ on the way along the stairs”可知，应是她的计划很成功。故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：既走人行道又走楼梯的人更关心小蜗牛。 talked谈论；learned学习；cared关心；worried担心。根据“the stairs ... more about the little snails”可知，走人行道又走楼梯的人更关心小蜗牛。故选C。 四、阅读理解(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Club Trip Day Do you want to take a closer look at animals you are studying? Welcome to take part in our club trip to the Twycross Zoo in Leicester. Time: March 20. Things to do: * Watch animals like giraffes, lions and so on. * Have fun at the Gruffalo Discovery Land in the zoo. Cost for the ticket: * Booking: Adult—£25.50 Children—£18.50 * Day tickets: Adults—£29.50 Children—£21.50 What You Need to Know: * Be sure to wear comfortable shoes for the walk. * Bring your lunch and some drinks for the picnic at the park inside the zoo. Feeding the Animals: * You can ONLY feed animals in the Children’s Zone. * Special food can be bought at the zoo and given to these animals with the help of zookeepers. Do not feed your lunch to them. It is not good for the animals. If you are interested in our trip, please email us at animalclub @hotmail.com. 21. What is the club trip mainly for? A. To enjoy the beautiful sights in Leicester. B. To work with team leaders in the zoo. C. To watch animals the members are studying. D. To have a picnic in the Twycross Zoo. 22 How much should Mrs. Lee pay if she books the tickets for her and her 10-year-old son Ben? A. £25.50. B. £44. C. £18.50. D. £51. 23. If Ben wants to feed the animals in the zoo, he should ________. A. feed the animals special food by himself B. bring more lunch and drinks for the animals C. wear comfortable shoes to go near the animals D. ask zookeepers to help him in the Children’s Zone 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了俱乐部组织去动物园参观的一些信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Do you want to take a closer look at animals you are studying?”可知，是为了观察成员正在研究的动物。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Booking: Adult—£25.50 Children—£18.50”可知，成人预订票是25.5英镑，儿童预订票是18.5英镑，因此李太太和10岁的儿子预订需支付25.5+18.5=44英镑。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“You can ONLY feed animals in the Children’s Zone”及“Special food can be bought at the zoo and given to these animals with the help of zookeepers.”可知，如果要喂动物，要在儿童区让饲养员帮忙。故选D。 B A bottle of water may not seem like much to you, but thousands of bottles will be of great help for people who live in drought-hit areas in China. Last autumn, there was very little rain in the Southwest China. Some places, especially in Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, experienced a serious drought. Crops died, the land cracked (裂开), and wells and rivers dried up. More than 20 million people are having difficulty in finding safe drink in water. After learning about the drought, many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things. Last week, every member of the Communist Youth League and Young Pioneers were encouraged to give one bottle of water to the drought-hit areas. Students in primal schools and middle schools quickly joined the activity. In Yuhua Primary School in Xi’an, 900 students bought over 1,000 bottles of water with their pocket money. They also wrote their wishes on the bottles. The serious drought has also made students realize the importance of saving water. Student from Nanshan Middle School in Huizhou, Guangdong went on the street to tell people to take part water-saving activities. “I’ve heard that some children in drought-hit areas don’t have enough drinking water. They have to drink muddy (含泥的) water, I feel really sad about that,” said Su Xiaolei, a student in Hangzhou. “I decide to take a shower twice a week instead of every day to save water,” he said. 24. What does Paragraph 2 mainly show us? A. The four drought-hit places in China. B. The weather in the Southwest China. C. The serious results in drought-hit areas. D. The reasons of the drought last autumn. 25. What activity did the school students join for the drought? A. Raising water and money for the people in Yunnan. B. Finding safe drinking water in the Southwest China. C. Sending wishes to the people in the drought-hit areas. D. Giving one bottle of water to people in the drought-hit areas. 26. Which of the following may be the best title for the article? A. Different Disasters B. Action after a drought C. Water-saving activities D. Save Water, Save nature 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国西南地区遭遇严重干旱，导致许多人缺乏安全饮用水。全国各地的人们通过捐赠水、钱和物资来帮助受灾地区。学生们也积极参与捐水活动，并意识到节约用水的重要性。 【24题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Last autumn, there was very little rain in the Southwest China...More than 20 million people are having difficulty in finding safe drink in water.”可知，第二段主要讲了干旱地区庄稼死亡、土地干裂、水源干涸等严重后果。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Last week, every member of the Communist Youth League and Young Pioneers were encouraged to give one bottle of water to the drought-hit areas. Students in primal schools and middle schools quickly joined the activity.”可知，学生们参与的活动是给干旱地区的人们捐赠一瓶水。故选D。 【26题详解】 最佳标题题。结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲了干旱发生后人们的行动，包括送水、节水等。故选B。 C Wake up early enough and you may hear a pleasant chorus of birds singing their tiny hearts out. This is a natural thing for birds, but why? According to the Woodland Trust, this early singing can start as early as 4 a.m. and last for several hours. Birds do it to attract mates and ask other birds to stay away from their area. One idea about why they choose the early morning to send these important messages is because the low visibility (能见度) makes it hard to do other bird activities, like hunting food. Since there’s nothing to do, they choose to sing instead. Another idea is that birds use the morning songs to show a picture of strong body. By singing, they’re letting other birds know they’ve survived (存活) the night and would make for an excellent mate. Like a good recording studio, the early morning hours also let birds send clear sounds thanks to the cooler, drier air. As birds have different voices, that helps other birds nearby identify them more easily. There used to be a popular idea that birds sang so much in the mornings because the sounds could travel to farther places with less air turbulence (气流). But researchers at the University of Western Ontario proved (证明) it wrong in 2003. They played recordings of sparrows at dawn (early morning) and midday. The songs didn’t travel farther, but they were more consistent (连贯的). Because birds only have so much energy to sing out, singing when it can be heard makes sense. For a bird, the early morning singing is like having the wonderful sound environment for their performance. 27. Why do birds sing at dawn instead of during the day according to Paragraph 2? A. They can send clear sounds. B. They want to show they are strong. C. They need to hunt for more food. D. They can possibly do nothing but sing. 28. What does the underlined word “identify” most probably mean? A. Hunt other animals or birds. B. Create something new. C. Find somebody or something. D. Prevent something bad. 29. What does the writer think of birds’ early singing? A Birds’ early singing is pleasant and it’s natural for birds. B. Less air turbulence makes birds’ early singing travel farther. C. The early singing can start at dawn and last for several hours. D. The early singing shows they’re strong enough to be an excellent mate. 30. What is this passage mainly about? A. Showing how to better watch the birds. B. Discussing why birds sing at dawn. C. Introducing all kinds of birds’ songs. D. Asking humans to care about birds. 【答案】27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鸟儿们为什么在早晨唱歌的相关观点。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“One idea about why they choose the early morning to send these important messages is because the low visibility makes it hard to do other bird activities, like hunting food. Since there’s nothing to do, they choose to sing instead.” 可知因为早上能见度低，没什么事能做所以唱歌，故选D。 【28题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“As birds have different voices, that helps other birds nearby identify them more easily.” 可知不同声音能让其他鸟更容易识别它们，所以identify更贴近“辨认、识别”之意，故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Wake up early enough and you may hear a pleasant chorus of birds singing their tiny hearts out. This is a natural thing for birds” 可知作者认为鸟儿清晨歌唱是愉快且自然的，故选A。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Wake up early enough and you may hear a pleasant chorus of birds singing their tiny hearts out. This is a natural thing for birds, but why?”及全文可知文章主要讨论了鸟儿为什么在黎明唱歌，故选B。 非选择题(共55分) 五、填空(共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) A) 根据所给音标提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 31. The Giant Panda National Park is a ________ (完美的) place for giant pandas in China. 【答案】perfect 【解析】 【详解】句意：大熊猫国家公园对中国大熊猫来说是一个完美的地方。perfect“完美的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词place。故填perfect。 32. The park is quite large and ________ (覆盖) an area of 22,134 square kilometers. 【答案】covers 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个公园相当大，占地面积22134平方公里。cover“覆盖”，cover an area of“占地面积”；时态为一般现在时，主语是The park，谓语动词用三单，故填covers。 33. There are 35 species of ________ (野生的) plants under state protection in the park. 【答案】wild 【解析】 【详解】句意：公园内有35种国家保护野生植物。根据“plants”可知，此处填形容词作定语修饰名词，wild“野生的”符合句意。故填wild。 34. Researchers can study pandas and record the _________ (变化) in their numbers there. 【答案】changes 【解析】 【详解】句意：研究人员可以研究大熊猫，并记录它们在那里数量上的变化。变化：change，研究人员记录的关于大熊猫数量的变化不止一种，所以要用其复数形式“changes”，故填changes。 35. Every year, many people join in the family _________ /'dʒɜːni/ to the park to see the pandas. 【答案】journey 【解析】 【详解】句意：每年，许多人参加家庭出行，去公园看熊猫。根据音标提示可知其英文表达为journey，意为“旅行”，名词作宾语，故填journey。 B) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 36. I _________ (cook) in my kitchen when a fire suddenly broke out in my son’s room. 【答案】was cooking 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我儿子房间突然起火时，我正在厨房做饭。这是一个由when引导的时间状语从句，从句“a fire suddenly broke out in my son’s room”使用一般过去时，描述过去发生的一个短暂性动作。主句强调在这个短暂动作发生的那一刻，另一个动作正在进行，所以要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”。句子主语是“I”，be动词用was，cook的现在分词是cooking，故填was cooking。 37. ________ (luck), my children and I all ran out of the fire in time without getting hurt. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】 【详解】句意：幸运的是，我和孩子们都及时逃离了大火，没有受伤。根据“..., my children and I all ran out of the fire in time without getting hurt.”可知，空处需填一个副词，修饰整个句子。luck“幸运”，为名词，luckily“幸运地”，为副词，首字母要大写。故填Luckily。 38. However, we ________ (lose) everything in the fire and only had the clothes we were wearing. 【答案】lost 【解析】 【详解】句意：然而，我们在火灾中失去了一切，只剩下了我们穿的衣服。根据“and only had”可知，and表并列，前后动词形式一致。had为过去式，故空处用lose的过去式。故填lost。 39. Since we had nowhere ________ (live), some friends offered us places to stay in. 【答案】to live 【解析】 【详解】句意：因为我们没有地方住，一些朋友给我们提供了住处。此处需用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰“nowhere”，表示“没有地方可住”。故填to live。 40. Their _________ (kind) is the thing that has really stuck in my mind. 【答案】kindness 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们的善良深深地印在我的脑海里。根据“Their”可知，此处填名词，kind的名词形式kindness “善良”，符合句意。故填kindness。 C)，选词填空 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—60的相应位置上。 从方框中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文内容完整正确 be careful with tips directions nervous should Sandy: Hey, Daniel. I heard you are an excellent climber. I’m planning to go climbing, but I am a bit worried about the safety of climbing hills. Do you have any _____41_____ ? Daniel: Sure! It’s exciting to enjoy the sights from all ____42____ on the top of the mountain. Here is my advice. First, you ____43____ wear climbing shoes. Sandy: All right. Anything else? Daniel: You should ____44____ the falling rocks. They are dangerous. Sandy:OK, I will. What should I take with me? Daniel: You should take some water, food and your phone. If you lose your way, don’t be ____45____ . Calm down, and scream for help. Sandy:OK. Thanks, Daniel. 【答案】41. tips 42. directions 43. should 44. be careful with 45. nervous 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇对话，主要围绕爬山安全及准备事项展开。 【41题详解】 句意：你有什么建议吗？根据“Sandy: Hey, Daniel. I heard you are an excellent climber. I’m planning to go climbing, but I am a bit worried about the safety of climbing hills. Do you have any...”可知，Sandy因担心爬山安全向Daniel寻求建议，tips“建议，提示”符合语境。故填tips。 【42题详解】 句意：从山顶各个方向欣赏风景是令人兴奋的。根据“It’s exciting to enjoy the sights from all...on the top of the mountain”可知，描述在山顶欣赏风景的情况是从不同方向，directions“方向”符合语境，all后接复数形式。故填directions。 【43题详解】 句意：首先，你应该穿登山鞋。根据“First, you...wear climbing shoes”可知，Daniel给出的第一条建议是关于穿着，这里表示应该做某事，should“应该”符合语境，用于提出建议。故填should。 【44题详解】 句意：你应该小心落石。它们很危险。根据“You should...the falling rocks”可知，be careful with“小心，注意”符合语境，这里表示对落石要保持警惕，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填be careful with。 【45题详解】 句意：如果你迷路了，不要紧张。根据“If you lose your way, don’t be...”可知，迷路时应保持冷静，不要紧张，nervous“紧张的”符合语境，故填nervous。 六、句型(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分) A) 按要求改写句子，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为61—65的相应位置上。每空限填1词。(共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分) 46. You’ d better not play with scissors when you do DIY jobs. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ with scissors when you do DIY jobs. 【答案】 ①. Don’t ②. play 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你做手工时，你最好不要玩剪刀。改为祈使句，以动词原形开头，否定形式在动词原形前加“Don’t”，后面照抄play with scissors when you do DIY jobs。故填Don’t；play 。 47. Kitty loves Nanjing because she loves its long history. (改为同义句) Kitty loves Nanjing ________ ________ its long history. 【答案】 ①. because ②. of 【解析】 【详解】句意：Kitty喜欢南京，因为她喜欢它悠久的历史。原句为because引导的原因状语从句，改为同义句可用“because of”后跟原因短语“its long history”，表示“因为其悠久的历史”。故填because；of。 48. He read English books and magazines to learn English better. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ he read English books and magazines? 【答案】 ①. Why ②. did 【解析】 【详解】句意：他阅读英语书籍和杂志以便更好地学习英语。划线部分“to learn English better”表示目的，对目的提问要用疑问词“why”，句首单词首字母大写。原句中read是实义动词read的过去式，所以变为疑问句时要借助助动词did，放在主语he之前。故填Why；did。 49. Daniel sat on the grass to relax himself yesterday. (用 at this time yesterday 改写) Daniel ________ ________ on the grass to relax himself at this time yesterday. 【答案】 ①. was ②. sitting 【解析】 【详解】句意：丹尼尔昨天坐在草地上放松自己。根据时间状语“at this time yesterday”可知，句子的时态是过去进行时，其谓语动词构成是was/were doing，主语是Daniel，因此be动词用was。故填was；sitting。 50. The doctor says a poor diet and an unhealthy lifestyle will cause illness. (改为同义句) The doctor says a poor diet and an unhealthy lifestyle will ________ ________ illness. 【答案】 ①. lead ②. to 【解析】 【详解】句意：医生说，不良的饮食和不健康的生活方式会引发疾病。cause“导致，引起”，相当于动词短语lead to“导致，造成”，根据will可知，此处用动词原形。故填lead；to。 B) 根据所给汉语提示完成句子，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为66—70的相应位置上。每空词数不限。(共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分) 51. 他们尝试了一次又一次，终于找到了出路。 They tried again and again and _____________ at last. 【答案】found their way out 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“找到了出路”。找到出路：find one’s way out，此句主语为They，所以应用“find their way out”。由于前文“tried”表明句子时态为一般过去时，and连接并列谓语动词，前后时态需一致，所以“find”要使用过去式“found”。故填found their way out。 52. 他的电灯坏了。因此，他安装了一盏新的。 His light was broken. ___________, he put in a new one. 【答案】Therefore 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少 therefore“因此”，首字母要大写。故填Therefore。 53. 遇到危险时，我们要先冷静下来再采取行动。 We should calm down before _________ when we are in danger. 【答案】taking action 【解析】 【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查动词短语take action“采取行动”，而before在句子中为介词，所以其后接动名词形式，故填taking action。 54. 在我们日常学习中，你越认真，你犯的错误就越少。 In our daily study, the more careful you are, _________ you will make. 【答案】the fewer mistakes 【解析】 【详解】mistake“错误”，mistake为可数名词，few后接可数名词复数，而由“the more”及整个句子可知句子的结构为the+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子“越……，越……”，故填the fewer mistakes。 55. 我们应该同情并帮助那些处境危险的动物们。 We should ___________ and help those wild animals who are in danger. 【答案】take pity on 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“同情”的英文take pity on，为固定短语，should为情态动词，后面加动词原形。故填take pity on。 七、阅读填空 (共14小题； 满分15分) A) 阅读短文，根据所读内容，在文章后表格的空格里填入一个恰当的单词和回答问题，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为71—79的相应位置上。 (共9小题，前8题每题1分，第9题回答问题2分，满分10分) 注意：每个空格只能填1个单词。 Background knowledge (知识) is the knowledge a person has about the world when he or she starts to read a text. It is agreed that background knowledge is of great importance in reading. In short, the more you know about a topic, the easier it is for you to read a text, understand it, and remember the information. To understand this, here are two points. First, background knowledge enables readers to choose between different meanings of words. For example, if you read the word “operation” in a sports article, you might think about a sportsperson with a serious injury. But if you read the word in a math text, you’d think about a mathematical process. Second, understanding a text needs readers to fill missing information and make further understanding. To do this, readers need to have some basic (基本的) knowledge about the topic. Students get background knowledge both through personal experiences (经历) and by learning in the classroom. Then how can teachers help students build background knowledge? Here is some advice. Begin by teaching words in categories (种类). For example, teachers can try something as easy as this: apples, bananas, strawberries, mangoes. They are a type of...(fruit). Categories of objects can help students increase the number of new words. Encourage (鼓励) topic-centred wide reading. Reading builds knowledge, but wide reading has usually been taken as reading about a lot of different topics. Teachers can try a different way: Encourage children to find an interest and read as many books as they can on one topic. This will help them get a deeper knowledge on a topic. Use multimedia (多媒体). Direct experiences are the most effective ways to build knowledge. There is nothing more exciting for students than learning through direct experiences, such as field trips and other activities. Although multimedia cannot take the place of real-life experiences, it can often provide a lot of information that we could only wish to experience first-hand. It can also introduce children to important words. Background knowledge is important in a student’s ability to fully understand a text. Teachers’ hard work can help students become stronger thinkers and life-long readers and learners. Background knowledge ___56___ us with reading What Background knowledge is what a person has already known about the world when he or she starts to read a text. Why Knowing more about the topic makes it ___57___ for you to fully understand a text. With background knowledge, readers can exactly understand the ___58___ of the word in the text. Basic knowledge is in ___59___ for readers to fill missing information and make further understanding of a text. How Begin by teaching words in categories. Teachers can introduce words of the ___60___ type to the students. For example, they can teach students apples, bananas, strawberries, mangoes are a type of...(fruit). Encourage topic-centred wide reading. Teachers can encourage children to find what they are ___61___ in and read as many books as possible on that topic. This will help them understand the topic more deeply. Use multimedia. Multimedia can ___62___ students with the others’ direct experiences to get background knowledge. It can also teach students some important words. Voice your ideas: How does your teacher help you build background knowledge? ____________________________________63____________________________________ What other way can you choose to get background knowledge? Why? ____________________________________64____________________________________ 【答案】56. helps 57. easier 58. meaning 59. need 60. same 61. interested 62. provide 63. （答案因人而异，例如）My teacher often asks us to read more books about different topics and discuss them in class to help us build background knowledge. 64. （答案不唯一，例如）We can also search for information on the Internet. Because there is a wealth of knowledge on the Internet, we can quickly find relevant information about the topic we are interested in to expand our background knowledge. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了背景知识在阅读理解中的重要性，以及教师和学生如何通过多种方式构建和利用背景知识来提高阅读理解能力。 【56题详解】 根据“background knowledge is of great importance in reading…In short, the more you know about a topic, the easier it is for you to read a text, understand it, and remember the information.”可知背景知识帮助我们阅读，help“帮助”，时态为一般现在时，主语是Background knowledge，动词用三单形式。故填helps。 【57题详解】 根据“In short, the more you know about a topic, the easier it is for you to read a text, understand it, and remember the information.”可知更多地了解该主题可以让你更容易完全理解文本。make it+形容词+for sb to do“使它更怎么样去做某事”，easier“更容易”，此处暗含比较，需用形容词比较级。故填easier。 【58题详解】 根据“First, background knowledge enables readers to choose between different meanings of words.”以及后文内容可知有了背景知识，读者就可以准确理解文本中该词的含义。the meaning of“……的含义”，故填meaning。 【59题详解】 根据“Second, understanding a text needs readers to fill missing information and make further understanding.”可知读者需要基础知识来填补缺失的信息并进一步理解文本，in need“需要”，故填need。 【60题详解】 根据“Begin by teaching words in categories…Categories of objects can help students increase the number of new words.”可知老师可以向学生介绍同类型的单词，same“同样的”，故填same。 【61题详解】 根据“Teachers can try a different way: Encourage children to find an interest and read as many books as they can on one topic.”可知老师可以鼓励孩子们找到他们感兴趣的内容，并尽可能多地阅读有关该主题的书籍。be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。 【62题详解】 根据“Although multimedia cannot take the place of real-life experiences, it can often provide a lot of information that we could only wish to experience first-hand. It can also introduce children to important words.”可知多媒体可以为学生提供其他人的直接体验来获取背景知识。provide“提供”，can后接动词原形。故填provide。 【63题详解】 开放题，合理即可。故填My teacher often asks us to read more books about different topics and discuss them in class to help us build background knowledge. 【64题详解】 开放题，合理即可。故填We can also search for information on the Internet. Because there is a wealth of knowledge on the Internet, we can quickly find relevant information about the topic we are interested in to expand our background knowledge. B) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 80—84的相应位置上。 (共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分) The Winter Solstice, also known as “Dongzhi” in Chinese, is the point at which the path of the sun in the sky is farthest south. At the Winter Solstice, the sun travels the s____65____ path through the sky resulting in (导致) the day of the year with the least sunlight. Dongzhi means the s____66____ of the frozen weather in winter. It is one of the 24 solar terms in China. It has long been celebrated on Winter Solstice when the night is longest, and the day is shortest in the Northern Hemisphere. It always c____67____ on December 21, 22, or 23. It begins this year on December 21. Chinese people celebrate Dongzhi Festival in many ways. The most popular ones are c____68____ the Nines of Winter, making rice wine, eating dumplings and so on. Dumplings have been the most traditional food in the north of China for a long time, w____69____ some people in southern China make and eat a meal of tangyuan. Generally speaking, Winter Solstice, once as important as the Spring Festival, is still meaningful for many Chinese people today. 【答案】65. (s)hortest 66. (s)tart 67. (c)omes 68. (c)ounting 69. (w)hile 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章中介绍了冬至的时间，特点及庆祝方式等相关信息。 【65题详解】 句意：在冬至，太阳沿着最短的路径通过天空导致一年中最少光照的这一天。根据“resulting in the day of the year with the least sunlight”及首字母可知应是太阳在空中以最短的路径通过，导致最少的光照，故填(s)hortest。 【66题详解】 句意：冬至意味着冬天极冷天气的开始。此处应填名词，根据“It begins this year on December 21.”及常识可知冬至之后进入“数九”，开始了一年中的极寒天气，结合首字母，start“开始”符合语境，故填(s)tart。 【67题详解】 句意：它总是在12月21、22或23日到来。此处应填谓语动词，根据“on December 21,22, or 23.”可知此处是介绍冬至的时间，结合首字母可知come“到来”符合语境，而由语境可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填(c)omes。 【68题详解】 句意：最受欢迎的庆祝方式是数九，做米酒，吃饺子等等。根据“the Nines of Winter”可知这里是指我们中国人从冬至开始“数九”的习俗，count“数”，为动词，此处作表语，应用其动名词形式，故填(c)ounting。 【69题详解】 句意：长久以来，饺子一直是中国北方最传统的食物，而中国南方的一些人制作并且吃汤圆。根据“Dumplings have been the most traditional food in the north of China for a long time”和“some people in southern China make and eat a meal of tangyuan.”可知此处应填连词，且前后形成对比，由首字母可知while“而”符合语境，故填(w)hile。 八、书面表达(满分15分) 70. 假如你是李华，在学校英文校刊KIDS MAG上看到招募冬令营营员的信息。请你根据招募内容，用英语给校刊写一封申请信。 注意： 1. 内容涵盖所有要点 (理由不得少于两点) ，可适当发挥； 2. 词数70左右 (已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数)； 3. 文中不得提及有关个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Dear Sir or Madam, Thanks for offering us such wonderful camps. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Sir or Madam, Thanks for offering us such wonderful camps. I’m writing to apply for the Nature Camp. I’m fascinated by wild animals and the beauty of nature, so this camp is perfect for me to explore more. Besides, I’d love to learn about protecting the environment and experience outdoor life. I believe it will be a meaningful and fun experience for my winter holiday. Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ②时态：一般现在时为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，并适当添加细节，突出重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍选择哪个冬令营； 第二步，介绍原因。 [亮点词汇] ①apply for申请 ②be fascinated by被……吸引 ③learn about了解 [高分句型] I believe it will be a meaningful and fun experience for my winter holiday.（宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年南京市联合体英语八年级上册期末试卷 一、听力（略） 二、单项填空(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. There were all kinds of thoughts running through Daniel’s ________ after he heard the news. A. body B. mind C. memory D. sense 2. Jack seldom did any sports, but now he starts to exercise every day and becomes ________. A. careful B. modest C. energetic D. curious 3. — Kitty, how much do you know about The Book of Songs? — It is the ________ collection of poems in China and the beginning of China’s poetry tradition. A. earlier B. earliest C. later D. last 4. Animals are important in our lives. ________ , our actions make many kinds of animals in danger. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Also D. However 5. —I tried again and again but I still failed. — Don’t be sad. You should learn to ________ the result and keep trying. A. accept B. prevent C. support D. describe 6. — I called you yesterday, but you didn’t answer. — Sorry. I ________ a report on animal protection. A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. will read 7. Which of the following words is formed in the same way as “toothache”? A. hunting B. careless C. unhappy D. pancake 8. The snowstorm will hit our city this weekend. Be careful that your car may ________. A. put down B. come down C. break down D. calm down 9. Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Tom makes some boys laugh”? A. Tom is a kind and helpful boy. B. Tom is singing in his room now. C. Tom bought his mother a present. D. Tom often watches Mike play the piano. 10. —Do you still remember the science lesson from China’s Tiangong Space Station last year? —________. It was so amazing that I would never forget it. A All right B. Of course C. Certainly not D. Come on 三、完形填空(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tiffany loves spring and summer because the snails usually come outside to her workplace during the seasons. And she loves ___11___ the snails. One day, Tiffany noticed that the snails would usually ___12___ their way across a walkway at the bottom of a staircase (楼梯), and a lot of people were also ___13___ through the place. This worried Tiffany as the snails might be stepped (踩) on by accident. And they seemed to be more ___14___ in the early mornings and on warm, wet days or the day after it rains. “It’s a ___15___place for a snail, but that’s the path they choose, and we have to share that ___16___ with them,” Tiffany said. Wanting to keep her little friends ___17___ from people, Tiffany came up with the sweetest idea! She ___18___ a snail-crossing sign—“Safety first!” on the way along the stairs to tell everyone to be careful of their steps and be aware (意识到) of the snails. Tiffany’s ___19___ was successful (成功的). People who used both the walkway and the stairs ____20____ more about the little snails. Now, Tiffany can watch her little friends as much as she pleases, without worrying that somebody might just step on them. 11. A. watching B. eating C. catching D. raising 12. A. push B. make C. feel D. search 13. A. swimming B. jogging C. running D. passing 14. A. energetic B. active C. inactive D. awful 15. A. wonderful B. dark C. dangerous D. warm 16. A. space B. ceiling C. shelf D. board 17. A. different B. tired C. safe D. alone 18. A. put in B. put out C. put down D. put up 19. A. plan B. direction C. joke D. painting 20. A. talked B. learned C. cared D. worried 四、阅读理解(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Club Trip Day Do you want to take a closer look at animals you are studying? Welcome to take part in our club trip to the Twycross Zoo in Leicester. Time: March 20. Things to do: * Watch animals like giraffes, lions and so on. * Have fun at the Gruffalo Discovery Land in the zoo. Cost for the ticket: * Booking: Adult—£25.50 Children—£18.50 * Day tickets: Adults—£29.50 Children—£21.50 What You Need to Know: * Be sure to wear comfortable shoes for the walk. * Bring your lunch and some drinks for the picnic at the park inside the zoo. Feeding the Animals: * You can ONLY feed animals in the Children’s Zone. * Special food can be bought at the zoo and given to these animals with the help of zookeepers. Do not feed your lunch to them. It is not good for the animals. If you are interested in our trip please email us at animalclub @hotmail.com. 21. What is the club trip mainly for? A. To enjoy the beautiful sights in Leicester. B. To work with team leaders in the zoo. C. To watch animals the members are studying. D. To have a picnic in the Twycross Zoo. 22. How much should Mrs. Lee pay if she books the tickets for her and her 10-year-old son Ben? A. £25.50. B. £44. C. £18.50. D. £51. 23. If Ben wants to feed the animals in the zoo, he should ________. A. feed the animals special food by himself B. bring more lunch and drinks for the animals C. wear comfortable shoes to go near the animals D. ask zookeepers to help him in the Children’s Zone B A bottle of water may not seem like much to you, but thousands of bottles will be of great help for people who live in drought-hit areas in China. Last autumn, there was very little rain in the Southwest China. Some places, especially in Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, experienced a serious drought. Crops died, the land cracked (裂开), and wells and rivers dried up. More than 20 million people are having difficulty in finding safe drink in water. After learning about the drought, many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things. Last week, every member of the Communist Youth League and Young Pioneers were encouraged to give one bottle of water to the drought-hit areas. Students in primal schools and middle schools quickly joined the activity. In Yuhua Primary School in Xi’an, 900 students bought over 1,000 bottles of water with their pocket money. They also wrote their wishes on the bottles. The serious drought has also made students realize the importance of saving water. Student from Nanshan Middle School in Huizhou, Guangdong went on the street to tell people to take part water-saving activities. “I’ve heard that some children in drought-hit areas don’t have enough drinking water. They have to drink muddy (含泥的) water, I feel really sad about that,” said Su Xiaolei, a student in Hangzhou. “I decide to take a shower twice a week instead of every day to save water,” he said. 24. What does Paragraph 2 mainly show us? A. The four drought-hit places in China. B. The weather in the Southwest China. C. The serious results in drought-hit areas. D. The reasons of the drought last autumn. 25. What activity did the school students join for the drought? A. Raising water and money for the people in Yunnan. B. Finding safe drinking water in the Southwest China. C. Sending wishes to the people in the drought-hit areas. D. Giving one bottle of water to people in the drought-hit areas. 26. Which of the following may be the best title for the article? A. Different Disasters B. Action after a drought C. Water-saving activities D. Save Water, Save nature C Wake up early enough and you may hear a pleasant chorus of birds singing their tiny hearts out. This is a natural thing for birds, but why? According to the Woodland Trust, this early singing can start as early as 4 a.m. and last for several hours. Birds do it to attract mates and ask other birds to stay away from their area. One idea about why they choose the early morning to send these important messages is because the low visibility (能见度) makes it hard to do other bird activities, like hunting food. Since there’s nothing to do, they choose to sing instead. Another idea is that birds use the morning songs to show a picture of strong body. By singing, they’re letting other birds know they’ve survived (存活) the night and would make for an excellent mate. Like a good recording studio, the early morning hours also let birds send clear sounds thanks to the cooler, drier air. As birds have different voices, that helps other birds nearby identify them more easily. There used to be a popular idea that birds sang so much in the mornings because the sounds could travel to farther places with less air turbulence (气流). But researchers at the University of Western Ontario proved (证明) it wrong in 2003. They played recordings of sparrows at dawn (early morning) and midday. The songs didn’t travel farther, but they were more consistent (连贯的). Because birds only have so much energy to sing out, singing when it can be heard makes sense. For a bird, the early morning singing is like having the wonderful sound environment for their performance. 27. Why do birds sing at dawn instead of during the day according to Paragraph 2? A. They can send clear sounds. B. They want to show they are strong. C. They need to hunt for more food. D. They can possibly do nothing but sing. 28. What does the underlined word “identify” most probably mean? A. Hunt other animals or birds. B. Create something new. C. Find somebody or something. D. Prevent something bad. 29. What does the writer think of birds’ early singing? A. Birds’ early singing is pleasant and it’s natural for birds. B. Less air turbulence makes birds’ early singing travel farther. C. The early singing can start at dawn and last for several hours. D. The early singing shows they’re strong enough to be an excellent mate. 30. What is this passage mainly about? A. Showing how to better watch the birds. B. Discussing why birds sing at dawn. C. Introducing all kinds of birds’ songs. D. Asking humans to care about birds. 非选择题(共55分) 五、填空(共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) A) 根据所给音标提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 31. The Giant Panda National Park is a ________ (完美的) place for giant pandas in China. 32. The park is quite large and ________ (覆盖) an area of 22,134 square kilometers. 33. There are 35 species of ________ (野生的) plants under state protection in the park. 34. Researchers can study pandas and record the _________ (变化) in their numbers there. 35. Every year, many people join in the family _________ /'dʒɜːni/ to the park to see the pandas. B) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 36. I _________ (cook) in my kitchen when a fire suddenly broke out in my son’s room. 37. ________ (luck), my children and I all ran out of the fire in time without getting hurt. 38. However, we ________ (lose) everything in the fire and only had the clothes we were wearing. 39. Since we had nowhere ________ (live), some friends offered us places to stay in. 40. Their _________ (kind) is the thing that has really stuck in my mind. C)，选词填空 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—60的相应位置上。 从方框中选出可以填入空白处最佳选项，使短文内容完整正确 be careful with tips directions nervous should Sandy: Hey, Daniel. I heard you are an excellent climber. I’m planning to go climbing, but I am a bit worried about the safety of climbing hills. Do you have any _____41_____ ? Daniel: Sure! It’s exciting to enjoy the sights from all ____42____ on the top of the mountain. Here is my advice. First, you ____43____ wear climbing shoes. Sandy: All right. Anything else? Daniel: You should ____44____ the falling rocks. They are dangerous. Sandy:OK, I will. What should I take with me? Daniel: You should take some water food and your phone. If you lose your way, don’t be ____45____ . Calm down, and scream for help. Sandy:OK. Thanks, Daniel. 六、句型(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分) A) 按要求改写句子，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为61—65的相应位置上。每空限填1词。(共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分) 46. You’ d better not play with scissors when you do DIY jobs. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ with scissors when you do DIY jobs. 47. Kitty loves Nanjing because she loves its long history. (改为同义句) Kitty loves Nanjing ________ ________ its long history. 48. He read English books and magazines to learn English better. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ he read English books and magazines? 49. Daniel sat on the grass to relax himself yesterday. (用 at this time yesterday 改写) Daniel ________ ________ on the grass to relax himself at this time yesterday. 50. The doctor says a poor diet and an unhealthy lifestyle will cause illness. (改为同义句) The doctor says a poor diet and an unhealthy lifestyle will ________ ________ illness. B) 根据所给汉语提示完成句子，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为66—70的相应位置上。每空词数不限。(共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分) 51. 他们尝试了一次又一次，终于找到了出路。 They tried again and again and _____________ at last. 52. 他的电灯坏了。因此，他安装了一盏新的。 His light was broken. ___________, he put in a new one. 53. 遇到危险时，我们要先冷静下来再采取行动。 We should calm down before _________ when we are in danger. 54. 在我们日常学习中，你越认真，你犯的错误就越少。 In our daily study, the more careful you are, _________ you will make. 55. 我们应该同情并帮助那些处境危险的动物们。 We should ___________ and help those wild animals who are in danger. 七、阅读填空 (共14小题； 满分15分) A) 阅读短文，根据所读内容，在文章后表格的空格里填入一个恰当的单词和回答问题，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为71—79的相应位置上。 (共9小题，前8题每题1分，第9题回答问题2分，满分10分) 注意：每个空格只能填1个单词。 Background knowledge (知识) is the knowledge a person has about the world when he or she starts to read a text. It is agreed that background knowledge is of great importance in reading. In short, the more you know about a topic, the easier it is for you to read a text, understand it, and remember the information. To understand this, here are two points. First, background knowledge enables readers to choose between different meanings of words. For example, if you read the word “operation” in a sports article, you might think about a sportsperson with a serious injury. But if you read the word in a math text, you’d think about a mathematical process. Second, understanding a text needs readers to fill missing information and make further understanding. To do this, readers need to have some basic (基本的) knowledge about the topic. Students get background knowledge both through personal experiences (经历) and by learning in the classroom. Then how can teachers help students build background knowledge? Here is some advice. Begin by teaching words in categories (种类). For example, teachers can try something as easy as this: apples, bananas, strawberries, mangoes. They are a type of...(fruit). Categories of objects can help students increase the number of new words. Encourage (鼓励) topic-centred wide reading. Reading builds knowledge, but wide reading has usually been taken as reading about a lot of different topics. Teachers can try a different way: Encourage children to find an interest and read as many books as they can on one topic. This will help them get a deeper knowledge on a topic. Use multimedia (多媒体). Direct experiences are the most effective ways to build knowledge. There is nothing more exciting for students than learning through direct experiences, such as field trips and other activities. Although multimedia cannot take the place of real-life experiences, it can often provide a lot of information that we could only wish to experience first-hand. It can also introduce children to important words. Background knowledge is important in a student’s ability to fully understand a text. Teachers’ hard work can help students become stronger thinkers and life-long readers and learners. Background knowledge ___56___ us with reading What Background knowledge is what a person has already known about the world when he or she starts to read a text. Why Knowing more about the topic makes it ___57___ for you to fully understand a text. With background knowledge, readers can exactly understand the ___58___ of the word in the text. Basic knowledge is in ___59___ for readers to fill missing information and make further understanding of a text. How Begin by teaching words in categories. Teachers can introduce words of the ___60___ type to the students. For example, they can teach students apples, bananas, strawberries, mangoes are a type of...(fruit). Encourage topic-centred wide reading. Teachers can encourage children to find what they are ___61___ in and read as many books as possible on that topic. This will help them understand the topic more deeply. Use multimedia. Multimedia can ___62___ students with the others’ direct experiences to get background knowledge. It can also teach students some important words. Voice your ideas: How does your teacher help you build background knowledge? ____________________________________63____________________________________ What other way can you choose to get background knowledge? Why? ____________________________________64____________________________________ B) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 80—84的相应位置上。 (共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分) The Winter Solstice, also known as “Dongzhi” in Chinese, is the point at which the path of the sun in the sky is farthest south. At the Winter Solstice, the sun travels the s____65____ path through the sky resulting in (导致) the day of the year with the least sunlight. Dongzhi means the s____66____ of the frozen weather in winter. It is one of the 24 solar terms in China. It has long been celebrated on Winter Solstice when the night is longest, and the day is shortest in the Northern Hemisphere. It always c____67____ on December 21, 22, or 23. It begins this year on December 21. Chinese people celebrate Dongzhi Festival in many ways. The most popular ones are c____68____ the Nines of Winter, making rice wine, eating dumplings and so on. Dumplings have been the most traditional food in the north of China for a long time, w____69____ some people in southern China make and eat a meal of tangyuan. Generally speaking, Winter Solstice, once as important as the Spring Festival, is still meaningful for many Chinese people today. 八、书面表达(满分15分) 70. 假如你是李华，在学校英文校刊KIDS MAG上看到招募冬令营营员的信息。请你根据招募内容，用英语给校刊写一封申请信。 注意： 1. 内容涵盖所有要点 (理由不得少于两点) ，可适当发挥； 2. 词数70左右 (已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数)； 3. 文中不得提及有关个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Dear Sir or Madam, Thanks for offering us such wonderful camps. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$