精品解析：湖南省长沙市第一中学2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题

长沙市第一中学2024—2025学年度高一第一学期期末考试 英 语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. Whose iPod will the woman probably borrow? A. John's. B. Adam's. C. Michael's. 2. What does the man have to do first? A. Clean his room. B. Buy movie tickets. C. Borrow money from his friends. 3. Where can the woman find the butter? A. In Row 10. B. Behind the speakers. C. In the middle of the store. 4. What will the woman drink? A. A cup of coffee. B. A glass of water. C. Some orange juice. 5. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Look at his cards. B. Put his cards down. C. Use different cards. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What's the relationship between Maria and the girl? A. Roommates. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student. 7. What does the man think of Maria? A. She's lazy. B. She's intelligent. C. She isn't a good person. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8 What does the man want to learn about? A. Different zoo animals. B. Different kinds of dogs. C. Different types of monkeys. 9. How much is the book on sale for? A. $20. B. $10. C. $5. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What time did the girl wake up? A. At 7: 00 p. m. B. At 6: 00 a. m. C. At 5: 00 a. m. 11. What will the girl have for breakfast? A. Bread and fruit. B. Bread and milk. C. Milk and fruit. 12. How does the girl probably feel in the end? A. Tired. B. Scared. C. Happy. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where are the speakers? A. In a car. B. At school. C. In an ice cream shop. 14. Why is the man nervous? A. He doesn't like driving. B. Tomorrow is his first class. C. Speaking in public worries him. 15. What does the woman tell the man? A. He'll be fine. B. He should go to bed early tonight. C. He is the only one feeling nervous. 16. What happened last time the man gave a speech? A. He was well prepared. B. He forgot a lot of it. C. He forgot to thank everyone. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。 17. Which rule does the speaker mention? A. No yelling. B. No hanging onto the pool sides. C. No swimming if you're under six. 18. Where can the rules be found? A. Near the kids' area. B. By the director's office. C. Above the changing rooms. 19. Where can snacks be eaten? A. Near the snack shop. B. Only outside the pool gates. C. Anywhere if the trash is picked up. 20. When does the pool close? A. At 6: 30 p. m. B. At 6: 00 p. m. C. At 5: 00 p. m. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Waste Not This eco-conscious backpack is cut from old truck cloth, so each handmade bag features a unique look. The rest of the bag is constructed out of strong nylon from recycled water bottles. Sorry, the bag is only for students. (Seriously, you need a student ID to buy one. ) Freitag F601 Malcolm Student Backpack $170 Agenda Item Most calendars have a systematized accounting of time. It’s boring. The Everyday Calendar is a touch-sensitive device that encourages you to keep up with a daily routine. Each day you fulfill a promise to yourself, tap the corresponding (相关的) number on the face and an LED lights it up. You don’t have to use it every day — it’s there when you need it and functions as glorious wall art when you don’t. Everyday Calendar $300 Night Rider Lumenus pill-shaped bike light smartly helps cyclists see and be seen in the park. Pair it with the companion app and it taps into your phone’s GPS for some location-aware tricks. It can increase visibility at night. The 30-hour battery is good for weeks. Lumenus ioLight $100 Light Cycle At 35 pounds, the Turbo Vado SL is light for an e-bike. It’s also slim enough to swing over a shoulder, with the 320-watt-hour battery and powerful motor all hidden in the frame. Still, the bike’s range is 80 miles, and its speed reaches 28/ mph. Specialized Turbo Vado SL 5.0 EQ $4,500 1. Which product is made of recycled materials? A Freitag F601 Malcolm Student Backpack. B. Everyday Calendar. C. Lumenus ioLight. D. Specialized Turbo Vado SL 5.0 EQ. 2. If you want to buy a light for your bike, how much should you pay? A. $300. B. $170. C. $100. D. $4,500. 3. What do we know about the fourth product? A. It can improve cyclists’ eyesight. B. It is convenient to be taken away. C. It can’t be used every day. D. It only can be bought with a student ID. B Edward O. Wilson, known as “the ant man”, was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama. His parents divorced when he was young, and he moved frequently throughout his childhood. Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination(着迷) with ants and their social structures. Wilson earned his bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Alabama. In 1955, he received his PhD from Harvard and worked there until retirement. Wilson's early study of ants led to his first major discovery in 1959: How ants communicate through the release of chemical signals. Later, in 1990, Wilson and German biologist Bent Holldobler published their Pulitzer-winning The Ants. It detailed the insects' social structure that was both valued by entomologists(昆虫学者) and accessible to general readers. Another of Wilson’s major works started in the early 1960s when he teamed up with Robert MacArthur. The pair published The Theory of Island Biogeography, where they sought to explain why different places have different numbers of species. What many consider to be Wilson's most important contributions to evolutionary biology came in 1975 when he published Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. The work explored the genetic and evolutionary roots of animal behaviour and argued that genes shaped human behaviour. Wilson faced accusations(谴责) for these ideas but finally his work largely proved true. In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture ended in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979. Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. He received more than 150 awards and honours from around the world. These accomplishments offered him a type of academic superstar status, but friends and colleagues said the polite Southerner remained down to earth. “One of the qualities I really admired about Professor Wilson was his ability to really listen to and engage with whomever he was interacting with, ” said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of Wilson's final advisees. 4. What contributed to Wilson's passion for ants? A. His accidental disability. B. The discovery he made about ants. C. The school education he received. D. His boyhood spent in nature. 5. What is the book On Human Nature about? A. The social structure of ants. B. The distribution of different species. C. The links between biology and human culture. D. The role of chemical signals in communication. 6. According to Wilson's friends and colleagues, which word can best describe him? A. Warm-hearted B. Modest. C. Independent. D. Honest. 7. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To promote Wilson's most popular books. B To explain the social behavior of ants in detail. C. To highlight the challenges Wilson faced in his personal life. D. To introduce the life and key achievements of Wilson. C Recent research reveals the harmful mental health effects caused by social media use, including increased rates of depression, anxiety, suicidal (与自杀相关的) tendencies and self-harm. Adolescents who spend more than three hours per day on social media face twice the risk of poor mental health outcomes. Addictive feeds — designed to make use of personal data to intensify (增强) users’ content that will keep them on the platform for as long as possible — have dramatically raised the risk to young users’ well-being and made our children addicted to these social media outlets. In the first seven years after addictive feeds were introduced, suicide rates for 10- to 14-year-old girls doubled and hospitalization for suicidal tendencies and attempts increased nearly twice for all adolescents. Instead of responding to the problem, social media have made great efforts to keep and capture user engagement, and the results have been catastrophic. Beyond the direct harm of social media addiction, the collection of children’s data by these giant companies puts our kids at huge risk, leaving them vulnerable (易受伤害的) by having their location and other personal data tracked, shared and sold online. As a consequence, that data is at greater risk of falling into the wrong hands — including. human traffickers, identity thieves and others who might prey on (坑害) young people. We will not stand by and watch an arms race among social media mega-corporations (大型企业) over who can best profit from our children’s pain and addiction. That is why we should use and are using every tool at our fingertips to fight back against these damaging practices: from the courthouse to the statehouse. 8. What can we learn about addictive feeds? A. They are food that can easily satisfy people. B. They are Internet content that can get people addicted. C. They are kept on the platform just for a short period of time. D. They are personal data stored on the Internet for convenience. 9. Which word can best replace the underlined word “catastrophic” in paragraph 4? A. destructive B. positive C. unique D. effective 10. Which of the following best describes the author’s purpose in mentioning statistics such as “suicide rates for 10 - to 14-year-old girls doubled”? A. To create an emotional response in the reader. B. To show how effective social media has become at keeping users engaged. C. To offer a balanced view of the effects of social media on young people. D. To provide evidence that supports the argument about social media’s harmful effects. 11. What can we learn from the last paragragh? A. It emphasizes the author’s support for social media companies. B. It describes positive effects of social media on children’s well-being. C. It explains how social media companies can address the mental health issues. D. It calls for increased control on social media companies to protect young users. D More scientists are exploring cellular senescence (细胞衰老) — a state in which cells no longer divide. Senescent cells, which build up in older bodies, have a link to age- related conditions such as dementia (痴呆). Scientists are exploring drugs that treat senescent cells. But the most promising tool against the bad effects of senescent cells, experts say, is exercise. Today, LeBrasseur, who directs a center on aging at Mayo, says exercise is the most promising tool that we have for good health in late life, and its power spreads to our cells. Research suggests exercise prevents the buildup of senescent cells, helping the immune system clear them and fight the cell damage that can affect aging. Last year, LeBrasseur led a study that provided the first sign in humans that exercise greatly affected senescence. It cut signs in the bloodstream of the effects of senescent cells in the body. After a 12-week exercise program, researchers found that older adults had cut signs of senescence and improved body strength, physical ability and reported health. A recent study collects even more facts in animals and humans for exercise as a treatment to fight against senescent cells. While such studies are not well-known outside scientific circles many older adults connect exercise with youthfulness. Farmer Mike Gale, 81, put in a track and field throwing circle on his large farm in California. He and some of his friends throw the discus and use other exercise equipment. “I’d like to be competing in my 90s, ” Gale says. “Why not? ” 95-year-old Richard Soller says exercise keeps him fit enough to deal with what comes his way — including the discovery that his wife had developed dementia. The two sometimes walk the streets of their neighborhood together, holding hands. “Do as much as you can, ” he says. “That should be the goal for anyone to stay healthy. ” 12. Which of statements is true about LeBrasseur? A. He focused on the aging process. B. He firstly tested with humans. C. He found exercise could slow aging. D. He invented medicine to stop aging. 13. What can we infer about Farmer Mike Gale's attitude towards aging and exercise? A. He avoids exercise because he believes it is not helpful for older people. B. He feels that exercise is only useful for young people and not for older adults. C. He believes aging is unavoidable and there is little that can be done to stay healthy. D. He thinks exercise can help him stay youthful and is optimistic about competing in his 90s. 14. Why did the author tell the story of a 95-year-old man? A. To envy him for his happy life. B. To give an example of his point. C. To call on people to learn from him. D. To recommend exercise to the elderly. 15. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Exercise Is the Best Tool Against Aging. B. Aging Secret Has Been Found Out. C. Old People Can Also Live Actively. D. Aging Causes Serious Health Problems. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___ ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___ . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demand placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___19___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don't rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Make up by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My least favorite part was participating in sport meets for I loved running by myself. When faced with running against fellow athletes, I was ___21___ . I had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge to go to the nearest ___22___ . This year, however, I was encouraged to join in a long-distance running race by my coach. The 800-meter event was approaching, meaning that I would ___23___ soon. I breathed deeply and tried to ___24___ my worries. I walked over to some of the ___25___ who would run with me and started to ___26___ with them. We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as ___27___ as possible. The starter raised his gun and ___28___ . About twenty-five runners took off. With these runners around me, I ___29___ my coach’s words, “You may be small, but you have ____30____ power. ” So, I kept up with athletes twice my size. One by one, I ____31____ to make it to the top four, bursting around the lap. It was the last lap before the final straight away. So I widened my steps, speeding up my ____32____ . I caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side down the last 100 meters — I ____33____ him by a hair at the finishing line! My coach gave me a ____34____ hug as I headed back to see him. He was ____35____ because I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least. 21. A. amazed B. nervous C. relaxed D. puzzled 22. A. stadium B. clinic C. bathroom D. station 23. A. participate B. fail C. escape D. compete 24. A. ignore B. solve C. explore D. examine 25. A. volunteers B. judges C. runners D. coaches 26. A. watch out B. turn around C. come along D. warm up 27. A. smoothly B. rapidly C. obviously D. patiently 28. A. cheated B. survived C. triggered D. fired 29. A. appreciated B. recalled C. requested D. adapted 30. A. exact B. great C. practical D. suitable 31. A. offered B. declared C. managed D. regretted 32. A. study B. challenge C. fight D. pace 33. A. beat B. pushed C. dragged D. followed 34. A. gentle B. light C. firm D. slight 35. A. shocked B. disappointed C. frightened D. depressed 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Poetry Day takes place each year ___36___ March 21 to promote the teaching of poetry, as well as the publishing, writing, and reading of this form of writing around the world. It ___37___ (declare) by UNESCO in 1999 in the hopes of supporting language diversity through poetic expression and increasing the opportunity for endangered languages ___38___ (hear). World Poetry Day was about giving fresh drive and ___39___ (recognise) to international, regional, and national poetry movements. It also focused on promoting a return to the oral (口头的) tradition of poetry recitals, as well as ___40___ (strengthen) the association between poetry and other forms of expression, such as dance, music, and painting. The day is celebrated ___41___ (global). Government agencies, community groups and individuals get involved in promoting or participating in the day, ___42___ enables children to learn and enjoy a variety of poetry. It is a time ___43___ students are busy examining poets and learning about different types of poetry. Poets may be invited to read and share their work with audiences at bookstores and schools. Ceremonies are held to honour the memory of poets who have made ___44___ (amaze) achievements. All in all, it's a day for poetry: ____45____ ancient art form that still enriches our understanding of humanity today. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你注意到你校学生很少进行英语文学阅读(English literature reading)。请你代表学生会用英语给全校同学写一封倡议信，倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。内容包括： 1. 介绍现状； 2. 你对英语文学阅读的看法； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 In a small town in Iowa, sixteen-year-old Emma Thompson was an ambitious student with dreams of becoming a scientist. Every year, the local high school held a science fair, and Emma had always placed high but never won first place. This year, she was determined to change that. Emma spent months working on her project, a study on renewable energy using algae (藻类). She recorded data, ran experiments, and even stayed up late into the night perfecting her presentation. Her parents often found her working at her laptop, surrounded by books and lab equipment. One evening, a week before the science fair, Emma was working on her project when her laptop screen suddenly went black. Panicked, she tried to restart it, but it was no use. All her data, notes, and the presentation were on that laptop, and she hadn’t backed up her files. Desperate, Emma took the laptop to the local repair shop. The technician told her it would take at least a week to recover the data, if it was even possible. Emma left the shop, feeling a sense of despair. How could she possibly recreate everything in just a few days? Returning home, she sat on her bed, fighting back tears. Her mind flashed back to a conversation she had had with her science teacher, Mr. Reynolds, earlier in the year. He told her the true test of a scientist was not in how they handled success, but in how they overcame failure and that innovation often came from the ability to adapt and persevere. Emma let Mr. Reynolds’ words sink in. She realized that this was her chance to prove herself — as a true scientist. Determined to make the best of her situation, she began to gather all the resources she still had. She found her handwritten notes, some scattered (散乱的) papers, and relied on her memory to recall key points of her research. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Taking a deep breath, Emma decided to start over. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After the fair, the winners were to be announced. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 长沙市第一中学2024—2025学年度高一第一学期期末考试 英 语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. Whose iPod will the woman probably borrow? A. John's. B. Adam's. C. Michael's. 2. What does the man have to do first? A. Clean his room. B. Buy movie tickets. C. Borrow money from his friends. 3. Where can the woman find the butter? A. In Row 10. B. Behind the speakers. C. In the middle of the store. 4. What will the woman drink? A. A cup of coffee. B. A glass of water. C. Some orange juice. 5. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Look at his cards. B. Put his cards down. C. Use different cards. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What's the relationship between Maria and the girl? A. Roommates. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student. 7. What does the man think of Maria? A. She's lazy. B. She's intelligent. C. She isn't a good person. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man want to learn about? A. Different zoo animals. B. Different kinds of dogs. C. Different types of monkeys. 9. How much is the book on sale for? A. $20. B. $10. C. $5. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What time did the girl wake up? A. At 7: 00 p. m. B. At 6: 00 a. m. C. At 5: 00 a. m. 11. What will the girl have for breakfast? A. Bread and fruit. B. Bread and milk. C. Milk and fruit. 12. How does the girl probably feel in the end? A. Tired. B. Scared. C. Happy. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where are the speakers? A. In a car. B. At school. C. In an ice cream shop. 14. Why is the man nervous? A. He doesn't like driving. B. Tomorrow is his first class. C. Speaking in public worries him. 15. What does the woman tell the man? A. He'll be fine. B. He should go to bed early tonight. C. He is the only one feeling nervous. 16. What happened last time the man gave a speech? A. He was well prepared. B. He forgot a lot of it. C. He forgot to thank everyone. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。 17. Which rule does the speaker mention? A. No yelling. B. No hanging onto the pool sides. C. No swimming if you're under six. 18. Where can the rules be found? A. Near the kids' area. B. By the director's office. C. Above the changing rooms. 19. Where can snacks be eaten? A. Near the snack shop. B. Only outside the pool gates. C. Anywhere if the trash is picked up. 20. When does the pool close? A. At 6: 30 p. m. B. At 6: 00 p. m. C. At 5: 00 p. m. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Waste Not This eco-conscious backpack is cut from old truck cloth, so each handmade bag features a unique look. The rest of the bag is constructed out of strong nylon from recycled water bottles. Sorry, the bag is only for students. (Seriously, you need a student ID to buy one. ) Freitag F601 Malcolm Student Backpack $170 Agenda Item Most calendars have a systematized accounting of time. It’s boring. The Everyday Calendar is a touch-sensitive device that encourages you to keep up with a daily routine. Each day you fulfill a promise to yourself, tap the corresponding (相关的) number on the face and an LED lights it up. You don’t have to use it every day — it’s there when you need it and functions as glorious wall art when you don’t. Everyday Calendar $300 Night Rider Lumenus pill-shaped bike light smartly helps cyclists see and be seen in the park. Pair it with the companion app and it taps into your phone’s GPS for some location-aware tricks. It can increase visibility at night. The 30-hour battery is good for weeks. Lumenus ioLight $100 Light Cycle At 35 pounds the Turbo Vado SL is light for an e-bike. It’s also slim enough to swing over a shoulder, with the 320-watt-hour battery and powerful motor all hidden in the frame. Still, the bike’s range is 80 miles, and its speed reaches 28/ mph. Specialized Turbo Vado SL 5.0 EQ $4,500 1. Which product is made of recycled materials? A. Freitag F601 Malcolm Student Backpack. B. Everyday Calendar. C. Lumenus ioLight. D. Specialized Turbo Vado SL 5.0 EQ. 2. If you want to buy a light for your bike, how much should you pay? A. $300. B. $170. C. $100. D. $4,500. 3. What do we know about the fourth product? A. It can improve cyclists’ eyesight. B. It is convenient to be taken away. C. It can’t be used every day. D. It only can be bought with a student ID. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章主要推出了四种各有特色的产品。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Waste Not部分中“This eco-conscious backpack is cut from old truck cloth, so each handmade bag features a unique look. The rest of the bag is constructed out of strong nylon from recycled water bottles.(这款环保意识的背包是由旧卡车布料裁剪而成，因此每个手工制作的包都有独特的外观。背包的其余部分则是用从回收水瓶中提取的强韧尼龙制成)”可知，Freitag F601 Malcolm学生背包是由回收材料所制。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Night Rider部分中“Lumenus pill-shaped bike light smartly helps cyclists see and be seen in the park.(Lumenus药丸形状的自行车灯巧妙地帮助骑自行车的人在公园里看到和被看到)”和“Lumenus ioLight $100(Lumenus ioLight 100美元)”可知，想要给自行车配个车灯，需要花费100美元。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Light Cycle部分中“At 35 pounds, the Turbo Vado SL is light for an e-bike. It’s also slim enough to swing over a shoulder, with the 320-watt-hour battery and powerful motor all hidden in the frame.(涡轮Vado SL重35磅，对于一辆电动自行车来说很轻。它也足够纤细，可以在肩膀上摆动，320瓦时的电池和强大的马达都隐藏在框架内)”可知，第四种产品便于携带。故选B。 B Edward O. Wilson, known as “the ant man”, was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama. His parents divorced when he was young, and he moved frequently throughout his childhood. Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination(着迷) with ants and their social structures. Wilson earned his bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Alabama. In 1955, he received his PhD from Harvard and worked there until retirement. Wilson's early study of ants led to his first major discovery in 1959: How ants communicate through the release of chemical signals. Later, in 1990, Wilson and German biologist Bent Holldobler published their Pulitzer-winning The Ants. It detailed the insects' social structure that was both valued by entomologists(昆虫学者) and accessible to general readers. Another of Wilson’s major works started in the early 1960s when he teamed up with Robert MacArthur. The pair published The Theory of Island Biogeography, where they sought to explain why different places have different numbers of species. What many consider to be Wilson's most important contributions to evolutionary biology came in 1975 when he published Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. The work explored the genetic and evolutionary roots of animal behaviour and argued that genes shaped human behaviour. Wilson faced accusations(谴责) for these ideas but finally his work largely proved true. In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture ended in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979. Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. He received more than 150 awards and honours from around the world. These accomplishments offered him a type of academic superstar status, but friends and colleagues said the polite Southerner remained down to earth. “One of the qualities I really admired about Professor Wilson was his ability to really listen to and engage with whomever he was interacting with, ” said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of Wilson's final advisees. 4. What contributed to Wilson's passion for ants? A. His accidental disability. B. The discovery he made about ants. C. The school education he received. D. His boyhood spent in nature. 5. What is the book On Human Nature about? A. The social structure of ants. B. The distribution of different species. C. The links between biology and human culture. D. The role of chemical signals in communication. 6. According to Wilson's friends and colleagues, which word can best describe him? A. Warm-hearted B. Modest. C. Independent. D. Honest. 7. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To promote Wilson's most popular books. B. To explain the social behavior of ants in detail. C. To highlight the challenges Wilson faced in his personal life. D. To introduce the life and key achievements of Wilson. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了被称为“蚁人”的著名生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平和成就。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“His parents divorced when he was young, and he moved frequently throughout his childhood. Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination(着迷) with ants and their social structures. (他的父母在他很小的时候就离婚了，他在童年时期经常搬家。威尔逊在探索森林和野生动物中长大。其中一次冒险让他部分失明，但也让他对蚂蚁和它们的社会结构产生了毕生的兴趣。)”可知，威尔逊的童年是在大自然中度过的，使得他对蚂蚁很有热情。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture ended in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979.( 1978年，他关于生物学在人类文化中所扮演角色的观点以《论人性》一书达到顶峰，这本书为他赢得了1979年的普利策奖。)”可知，《论人性》这本书是关于生物学和人类文化之间的联系。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. He received more than 150 awards and honours from around the world. These accomplishments offered him a type of academic superstar status, but friends and colleagues said the polite Southerner remained down to earth.( 威尔逊发表了400多篇科学论文和20多本书。他获得了来自世界各地的150多个奖项和荣誉。这些成就给他带来了一种学术巨星的地位，但朋友和同事说，这位彬彬有礼的南方人仍然脚踏实地。)”可推知，根据威尔逊朋友和同事的说法，威尔逊是一位非常谦虚的人。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Edward O. Wilson, known as “the ant man”, was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama.( 爱德华·威尔逊，被称为“蚁人”，1929年6月10日出生在阿拉巴马州的伯明翰。)”可知，文章开篇介绍了威尔逊的出生、童年经历，之后讲述了他的教育背景以及在蚂蚁研究、生物学等领域的重要发现和著作，整体是在介绍威尔逊的生平及主要成就。由此可推知，文章的主要目的是绍威尔逊的生平和主要成就。故选D项。 C Recent research reveals the harmful mental health effects caused by social media use, including increased rates of depression, anxiety, suicidal (与自杀相关的) tendencies and self-harm. Adolescents who spend more than three hours per day on social media face twice the risk of poor mental health outcomes. Addictive feeds — designed to make use of personal data to intensify (增强) users’ content that will keep them on the platform for as long as possible — have dramatically raised the risk to young users’ well-being and made our children addicted to these social media outlets. In the first seven years after addictive feeds were introduced, suicide rates for 10- to 14-year-old girls doubled and hospitalization for suicidal tendencies and attempts increased nearly twice for all adolescents. Instead of responding to the problem, social media have made great efforts to keep and capture user engagement, and the results have been catastrophic. Beyond the direct harm of social media addiction, the collection of children’s data by these giant companies puts our kids at huge risk, leaving them vulnerable (易受伤害的) by having their location and other personal data tracked, shared and sold online. As a consequence, that data is at greater risk of falling into the wrong hands — including. human traffickers, identity thieves and others who might prey on (坑害) young people. We will not stand by and watch an arms race among social media mega-corporations (大型企业) over who can best profit from our children’s pain and addiction. That is why we should use and are using every tool at our fingertips to fight back against these damaging practices: from the courthouse to the statehouse. 8. What can we learn about addictive feeds? A. They are food that can easily satisfy people. B. They are Internet content that can get people addicted. C. They are kept on the platform just for a short period of time. D. They are personal data stored on the Internet for convenience. 9. Which word can best replace the underlined word “catastrophic” in paragraph 4? A. destructive B. positive C. unique D. effective 10. Which of the following best describes the author’s purpose in mentioning statistics such as “suicide rates for 10 - to 14-year-old girls doubled”? A. To create an emotional response in the reader. B. To show how effective social media has become at keeping users engaged. C. To offer a balanced view of the effects of social media on young people. D. To provide evidence that supports the argument about social media’s harmful effects. 11. What can we learn from the last paragragh? A. It emphasizes the author’s support for social media companies. B. It describes positive effects of social media on children’s well-being. C. It explains how social media companies can address the mental health issues. D. It calls for increased control on social media companies to protect young users. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要叙述了最近的研究表明，使用社交媒体会对心理健康造成有害影响，包括抑郁、焦虑、自杀倾向和自残的比例增加，揭示了青少年使用社交媒体的现状和危害，呼吁人们采取行动加以应对。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Addictive feeds — designed to make use of personal data to intensify (增强) users’ content that will keep them on the platform for as long as possible(成瘾饲料——旨在利用个人数据来增强用户内容，使他们尽可能长时间地留在平台上)”可知，成瘾饲料是指能够让人们上瘾的网络内容。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“In the first seven years after addictive feeds were introduced, suicide rates for 10- to 14-year-old girls doubled and hospitalization for suicidal tendencies and attempts increased nearly twice for all adolescents.(在引入成瘾饲料后的头七年里，10至14岁女孩的自杀率增加了一倍，所有青少年因自杀倾向和自杀未遂而住院的人数增加了近一倍)”和划线词所在句“Instead of responding to the problem, social media have made great efforts to keep and capture user engagement, and the results have been catastrophic.(社交媒体没有对这个问题做出回应，而是付出了巨大的努力来保持和吸引用户的参与，结果是catastrophic。)”可知，社交媒体并未对于青少年的自杀现象做出回应，却努力保持、吸引客户，这个后果是灾难性的，划线词与destructive(破坏性的，毁灭性的)意思相近。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Addictive feeds — designed to make use of personal data to intensify (增强) users’ content that will keep them on the platform for as long as possible — have dramatically raised the risk to young users’ well-being and made our children addicted to these social media outlets.(成瘾饲料——旨在利用个人数据强化用户的内容，使他们尽可能长时间地留在平台上——极大地增加了年轻用户健康的风险，并使我们的孩子沉迷于这些社交媒体。)”可知，作者在第三段提出了“suicide rates for 10- to 14-year-old girls doubled”之类的数据，是为了提供证据支持关于社交媒体有害影响的论点。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“We will not stand by and watch an arms race among social media mega-corporations (大型企业) over who can best profit from our children’s pain and addiction. That is why we should use and are using every tool at our fingertips to fight back against these damaging practices: from the courthouse to the statehouse.(我们不会坐视社交媒体巨头之间的军备竞赛，看谁能最大限度地从我们孩子的痛苦和成瘾中获利。这就是为什么我们应该使用并且正在使用我们手边的一切工具来反击这些破坏性的做法：从法院到州议会。)”可知，该段呼吁采取一切手段，加强对社交媒体公司的控制，以保护年轻用户，避免其受到伤害。故选D。 D More scientists are exploring cellular senescence (细胞衰老) — a state in which cells no longer divide. Senescent cells, which build up in older bodies, have a link to age- related conditions such as dementia (痴呆). Scientists are exploring drugs that treat senescent cells. But the most promising tool against the bad effects of senescent cells, experts say, is exercise. Today, LeBrasseur, who directs a center on aging at Mayo, says exercise is the most promising tool that we have for good health in late life, and its power spreads to our cells. Research suggests exercise prevents the buildup of senescent cells, helping the immune system clear them and fight the cell damage that can affect aging. Last year, LeBrasseur led a study that provided the first sign in humans that exercise greatly affected senescence. It cut signs in the bloodstream of the effects of senescent cells in the body. After a 12-week exercise program, researchers found that older adults had cut signs of senescence and improved body strength, physical ability and reported health. A recent study collects even more facts in animals and humans for exercise as a treatment to fight against senescent cells. While such studies are not well-known outside scientific circles, many older adults connect exercise with youthfulness. Farmer Mike Gale, 81, put in a track and field throwing circle on his large farm in California. He and some of his friends throw the discus and use other exercise equipment. “I’d like to be competing in my 90s, ” Gale says. “Why not? ” 95-year-old Richard Soller says exercise keeps him fit enough to deal with what comes his way — including the discovery that his wife had developed dementia. The two sometimes walk the streets of their neighborhood together, holding hands. “Do as much as you can, ” he says. “That should be the goal for anyone to stay healthy. ” 12. Which of statements is true about LeBrasseur? A. He focused on the aging process. B. He firstly tested with humans. C. He found exercise could slow aging. D. He invented medicine to stop aging. 13. What can we infer about Farmer Mike Gale's attitude towards aging and exercise? A. He avoids exercise because he believes it is not helpful for older people. B. He feels that exercise is only useful for young people and not for older adults. C. He believes aging is unavoidable and there is little that can be done to stay healthy. D. He thinks exercise can help him stay youthful and is optimistic about competing in his 90s. 14. Why did the author tell the story of a 95-year-old man? A. To envy him for his happy life. B. To give an example of his point. C. To call on people to learn from him. D. To recommend exercise to the elderly. 15. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Exercise Is the Best Tool Against Aging. B. Aging Secret Has Been Found Out. C. Old People Can Also Live Actively. D. Aging Causes Serious Health Problems. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们正在探索细胞衰老这个问题。研究表明运动能有效对抗细胞衰老。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Research suggests exercise prevents the buildup of senescent cells, helping the immune system clear them and fight the cell damage that can affect aging.( 研究表明，锻炼可以防止衰老细胞的积累，帮助免疫系统清除它们，对抗可能影响衰老的细胞损伤。)”以及第四段“Last year, LeBrasseur led a study that provided the first sign in humans that exercise greatly affected senescence. It cut signs in the bloodstream of the effects of senescent cells in the body.( 去年，LeBrasseur领导的一项研究首次在人类身上提供了运动极大地影响衰老的迹象。它能消除血液中衰老细胞的影响。)”可知，LeBrasseur发现运动能影响细胞衰老，减少衰老细胞在体内的影响，即运动可以减缓衰老。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Farmer Mike Gale, 81, put in a track and field throwing circle on his large farm in California. He and some of his friends throw the discus and use other exercise equipment. “I'd like to be competing in my 90s, ” Gale says. “Why not? ”(81岁的农民迈克·盖尔在他加州的大农场里设置了一个田径投掷圈。他和他的一些朋友扔铁饼和使用其他运动器材。盖尔说：“我希望在90多岁的时候还能参加比赛。“为什么不呢？”)”可知，关于农民迈克·盖尔对衰老和锻炼的态度，我们可以推断出他认为运动可以帮助他保持年轻，并对90多岁参加比赛持乐观态度。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“95-year-old Richard Soller says exercise keeps him fit enough to deal with what comes his way—including the discovery that his wife had developed dementia.( 95岁的理查德·索勒（Richard Soller）说，锻炼能让他保持足够的健康，以应对即将到来的一切——包括发现他的妻子患上了痴呆症。)”可知，文章主要观点是运动是对抗衰老的有效工具，作者讲述95岁理查德·索勒通过锻炼保持健康，能够应对妻子患痴呆等生活状况，是为了举例证明运动对抗衰老的作用，支持文章观点。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“But the most promising tool against the bad effects of senescent cells, experts say, is exercise.( 但专家说，对抗衰老细胞不良影响最有希望的工具是锻炼。)”可知，文章开篇指出细胞衰老与老年疾病有关，接着强调科学家探索对抗衰老细胞的方法，重点阐述运动是对抗衰老细胞不良影响最有前景的工具，还通过研究及具体事例说明运动对抗衰老的作用，A 选项“运动是对抗衰老的最佳工具”这个标题最适合这篇文章。故选A项。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___ ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___ . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demand placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___19___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don't rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Make up by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了维持异地友谊的五种方法。 【16题详解】 根据该段小标题是“Set a regular date(设定一个固定日期)”，以及前文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.(在繁忙的日程安排中，挤出时间打电话可能是一项挑战。)”提到因日程繁忙打电话有挑战，D 选项“Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it.(试着找一个对你们俩都合适的时间，并坚持下去。)可以承接上文呢，符合设定固定日期进行交流的语境。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.(确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过了，你们每个人都想多久联系一次，什么方法对你们俩都最有效。)”可知，此段强调要和朋友沟通联系频率及最佳沟通方式，E选项Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication .(朋友们需要谈论他们偏好的沟通方式。)可知，承接上文内容，与该段主旨相符。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demand placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.(留下来的朋友需要对已经离开的朋友所需要的额外时间保持敏感。新环境中的一方应该同情你的朋友可能感到被抛弃的事实。)”可知，后文分别提到了离开的朋友和留下的朋友应有的态度，G选项You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind.( 你可能是那个离开的朋友，也可能是那个被抛弃的人。) 可知，引出下文对两种朋友的描述，上下文紧密连接。故选G项。 【19题详解】 由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.(在异地友谊中，纪念日和生日更有分量。虽然科技可能使日常交流成为可能，但在特殊的日子里，额外的努力要走很长的路。简单地写日记，记录朋友的生日和其他重要的日子，就能确保你不会错过任何事情。)”可知，该段提到周年纪念日和生日在远距离友谊中更重要，要记录朋友的生日等重要日期，A选项Remember important dates.( 记住重要日期。)可知，符合该段主旨，为总结该段内容。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone(不要只依赖科技)”，F选项It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media.( 通过社交媒体很容易有一种联系感。)与后文“but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.(但是远距离的友谊——即使是亲密的——可能需要更多有意识的努力来维持。)”形成转折，说明虽然通过社交媒体容易联系，但不能仅依赖它，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My least favorite part was participating in sport meets, for I loved running by myself. When faced with running against fellow athletes, I was ___21___ . I had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge to go to the nearest ___22___ . This year, however, I was encouraged to join in a long-distance running race by my coach. The 800-meter event was approaching, meaning that I would ___23___ soon. I breathed deeply and tried to ___24___ my worries. I walked over to some of the ___25___ who would run with me and started to ___26___ with them. We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as ___27___ as possible. The starter raised his gun and ___28___ . About twenty-five runners took off. With these runners around me, I ___29___ my coach’s words, “You may be small, but you have ____30____ power. ” So, I kept up with athletes twice my size. One by one, I ____31____ to make it to the top four, bursting around the lap. It was the last lap before the final straight away. So I widened my steps, speeding up my ____32____ . I caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side down the last 100 meters — I ____33____ him by a hair at the finishing line! My coach gave me a ____34____ hug as I headed back to see him. He was ____35____ because I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least. 21. A. amazed B. nervous C. relaxed D. puzzled 22. A. stadium B. clinic C. bathroom D. station 23. A. participate B. fail C. escape D. compete 24. A. ignore B. solve C. explore D. examine 25. A. volunteers B. judges C. runners D. coaches 26. A. watch out B. turn around C. come along D. warm up 27. A. smoothly B. rapidly C. obviously D. patiently 28. A. cheated B. survived C. triggered D. fired 29. A. appreciated B. recalled C. requested D. adapted 30. A. exact B. great C. practical D. suitable 31. A. offered B. declared C. managed D. regretted 32. A. study B. challenge C. fight D. pace 33. A. beat B. pushed C. dragged D. followed 34. A. gentle B. light C. firm D. slight 35. A. shocked B. disappointed C. frightened D. depressed 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在教练的鼓励下，克服内心的恐惧与紧张，在800米长跑中取得第一名的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当面对与其他运动员赛跑时，我很紧张。A. amazed惊讶的；B. nervous紧张的；C. relaxed放松的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据下文“I had butterflies in my stomach”由此可知，此处应表示作者不喜欢参加运动会，因此参加运动会感到紧张。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里七上八下，突然想去最近的洗手间。A. stadium体育馆；B. clinic诊所；C. bathroom洗手间；D. station车站。根据语境和常识并结合选项可知，此处应表示作者心里七上八下，想去最近的洗手间放松一下。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：800米比赛临近了，这意味着我很快就要参加比赛了。A. participate参加；B. fail失败；C. escape逃脱；D. compete比赛，竞争。根据上文“I was encouraged to join in a long-distance running race by my coach.”提到教练鼓励作者参加一场长跑比赛。由此可知，此处应表示作者很快就要参加比赛了。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我深深地吸了一口气，试图忽略我的忧虑。A. ignore忽视；B. solve解决；C. explore探索；D. examine检查。根据句意以及上文“I breathed deeply”由此可知，此处应表示作者深深地吸了一口气，试图让自己不那么紧张。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走到一些会和我一起跑步的人身边，开始和他们一起热身。A. volunteers志愿者；B. judges裁判；C. runners跑步者；D. coaches教练。根据下文“We were all loosening up and getting ready to run”可知，此处应表示作者走到一起跑步的人身边，开始和他们一起热身。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走到一些会和我一起跑步的人身边，开始和他们一起热身。A. watch out当心；B. turn around转过身；C. come along取得进展；D. warm up热身。根据常识和后文“We were all loosening up and getting ready to run”可知，比赛之前需要热身。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们都在放松，准备尽可能快地跑。A. smoothly顺利地；B. rapidly迅速地；C. obviously明显地；D. patiently耐心地。根据句意以及上文“We were all loosening up and getting ready to…”由此可知，此处应表示我们都在放松，准备尽可能快地跑。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：发令员举起信号枪开了枪。A. cheated欺骗；B. survived幸存；C. triggered触发；D. fired开火。根据常识以及下文“About twenty-five runners took off.”由此可知，此处应表示发令员举起信号枪开了枪。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对身边这些跑步者，我想起了教练的话：“你可能很渺小，但你有伟大的力量。”A. appreciated感激；B. recalled回忆，想起；C. requested要求；D. adapted适应。根据下文“my coach’s words, “You may be small, but you have ___10___ power. ””由此可知，此处应表示作者想起了教练的话。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：面对身边的这些跑步者，我想起了教练的话：“你可能很渺小，但你有伟大的力量。”A. exact准确的；B. great巨大的；C. practical实际的；D. suitable适合的。根据上文“You may be small”以及but转折可知，此处应表示你可能很渺小，但你有伟大的力量。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个接一个地，我成功地进入了前四名，快速绕着赛道跑。A. offered提供；B. declared宣布；C. managed努力做成；D. regretted后悔。根据上文“One by one”以及下文“bursting around the lap”可知，此处应表示作者成功地进入了前四名，快速绕着赛道跑。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是我增大步幅，加快速度。A. study学习；B. challenge挑战；C. fight斗争；D. pace速度。根据上文“So I widened my steps”由此可知，此处应表示作者增大步幅，加快速度。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我赶上了第一名，我们肩并肩跑完最后100米——在终点线我以微弱优势超过了他！A. beat打败；B. pushed推；C. dragged拖；D. followed跟随。根据句意以及下文“by a hair at the finishing line”由此可知，此处应表示作者在终点线以微弱优势超过了他。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回去看教练时，他给了我一个坚定的拥抱。A. gentle温柔的；B. light轻的；C. firm坚定的；D. slight轻微的。根据句意以及下文“…hug as I headed back to see him”由此可知，此处应表示教练给了作者一个坚定的拥抱。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很震惊，因为我至少把原来的时间缩短了12秒。A. shocked震惊的；B. disappointed失望的；C. frightened害怕的；D. depressed抑郁的。根据下文“because I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least”提到作者把原来的时间缩短了12秒，由此可知，此处应表示作者的教练很震惊。故选A项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Poetry Day takes place each year ___36___ March 21 to promote the teaching of poetry as well as the publishing, writing, and reading of this form of writing around the world. It ___37___ (declare) by UNESCO in 1999 in the hopes of supporting language diversity through poetic expression and increasing the opportunity for endangered languages ___38___ (hear). World Poetry Day was about giving fresh drive and ___39___ (recognise) to international, regional, and national poetry movements. It also focused on promoting a return to the oral (口头的) tradition of poetry recitals, as well as ___40___ (strengthen) the association between poetry and other forms of expression, such as dance, music, and painting. The day is celebrated ___41___ (global). Government agencies, community groups and individuals get involved in promoting or participating in the day, ___42___ enables children to learn and enjoy a variety of poetry. It is a time ___43___ students are busy examining poets and learning about different types of poetry. Poets may be invited to read and share their work with audiences at bookstores and schools. Ceremonies are held to honour the memory of poets who have made ___44___ (amaze) achievements. All in all, it's a day for poetry: ____45____ ancient art form that still enriches our understanding of humanity today. 【答案】36. on 37. was declared 38. to be heard 39. recognition 40. strengthening 41. globally 42. which 43. when 44. amazing 45. an 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界诗歌日的设立目的及意义。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：每年的3月21日是世界诗歌日，旨在促进诗歌教学，以及这种写作形式的出版、写作和阅读。根据空后March 21为具体某一天可知，此处为介词on+具体某一天。故填on。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：联合国教科文组织于1999年宣布世界语言日，希望通过诗意的表达来支持语言多样性，并增加濒危语言被听到的机会。设空处为句子的谓语，根据后面的时间状语in 1999可知，此处应为一般过去时；主语It与declare之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为It，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was declared。 【38题详解】 考查不定式的被动语态。句意：联合国教科文组织于1999年宣布世界语言日，希望通过诗意的表达来支持语言多样性，并增加濒危语言被听到的机会。opportunity to do sth 为固定表达，意为“做某事的机会”，此处为不定式作后置定语，修饰opportunity，故此处应填不定式；空前的for引出不定式的逻辑主语，endangered languages 与hear之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故此处应用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be heard。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：世界诗歌日旨在为国际、区域和国家诗歌运动注入新的动力和认可。设空处和drive并列，共同作giving的宾语，应用名词形式；recognise的名词形式为 recognition，意为“认可；承认”。故填recognition。 【40题详解】 考查动名词。句意：它还侧重于促进诗歌朗诵口头传统的回归，以及加强诗歌与其他表达形式（如舞蹈、音乐和绘画）之间的联系。as well as连接两个并列成分，此处与promoting并列，为动名词形式作介词on的宾语成分。的故填strengthening。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：这一天在全球范围内庆祝。此处修饰动词celebrated，作状语，应用副词形式。故填globally。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：政府机构、社区团体和个人都参与到促进或参与这一天中来，这使孩子们能够学习和享受各种各样的诗歌。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词which引导。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这是学生们忙于研究诗人和学习不同类型诗歌的时候。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：人们举行仪式来纪念那些取得惊人成就的诗人。根据句意以及空后achievements为名词可知，此处为形容词amazing“惊人的，了不起的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填amazing。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：总而言之，这是一个属于诗歌的日子：诗歌是一种古老的艺术形式，至今仍丰富着我们对人性的理解。此处泛指“一种古老的艺术形式”，应用不定冠词修饰，且ancient的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你注意到你校学生很少进行英语文学阅读(English literature reading)。请你代表学生会用英语给全校同学写一封倡议信，倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。内容包括： 1. 介绍现状； 2. 你对英语文学阅读的看法； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear fellow students, Currently, most students in our school read little English literature, not only because they consider it too difficult, but because they don’t think it necessary. In my view, however, English literature is what we can’t afford to miss. It offers us an opportunity to appreciate the beauty of English and have a taste of different culture. Better yet, it allows us to communicate with those great minds. I appeal to every one of you to read more English literature and you won’t regret it! Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于最近学生很少进行英语文学阅读(English literature reading)这一情况，代表学生会用英语给全校同学写一封倡议信，倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。 【详解】1.词汇积累 认：think → consider 观点：view → opinion 提供：offers → provides 机会：opportunity → chance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It offers us an opportunity to appreciate the beauty of English and have a taste of different culture. 拓展句：It offers us an opportunity that we can appreciate the beauty of English and have a taste of different culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Currently, most students in our school read little English literature, not only because they consider it too difficult, but because they don’t think it necessary. (运用了not only…but (also)的固定句型和从属连词引导原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】In my view, however, English literature is what we can’t afford to miss. (运用了连接代词what引导的表语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 In a small town in Iowa, sixteen-year-old Emma Thompson was an ambitious student with dreams of becoming a scientist. Every year, the local high school held a science fair, and Emma had always placed high but never won first place. This year, she was determined to change that. Emma spent months working on her project, a study on renewable energy using algae (藻类). She recorded data, ran experiments, and even stayed up late into the night perfecting her presentation. Her parents often found her working at her laptop, surrounded by books and lab equipment. One evening, a week before the science fair, Emma was working on her project when her laptop screen suddenly went black. Panicked, she tried to restart it, but it was no use. All her data, notes, and the presentation were on that laptop, and she hadn’t backed up her files. Desperate, Emma took the laptop to the local repair shop. The technician told her it would take at least a week to recover the data, if it was even possible. Emma left the shop, feeling a sense of despair. How could she possibly recreate everything in just a few days? Returning home, she sat on her bed, fighting back tears. Her mind flashed back to a conversation she had had with her science teacher, Mr. Reynolds, earlier in the year. He told her the true test of a scientist was not in how they handled success, but in how they overcame failure and that innovation often came from the ability to adapt and persevere. Emma let Mr. Reynolds’ words sink in. She realized that this was her chance to prove herself — as a true scientist. Determined to make the best of her situation, she began to gather all the resources she still had. She found her handwritten notes, some scattered (散乱的) papers, and relied on her memory to recall key points of her research. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Taking a deep breath, Emma decided to start over. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After the fair, the winners were to be announced. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Taking a deep breath, Emma decided to start over. She had her handwritten notes, some papers, and her memory. She could do this. The following week, Emma spent every waking hour reconstructing her project. The kitchen turned into a makeshift lab, notes scattered across the table. Her parents made sure she had snacks to keep her energy up. The night before the science fair, Emma finally finished her presentation. She knew it wasn’t as polished as her original, but she had done her best. At the science fair, Emma stood by her project, feeling a mix of nervousness and hope. As the judges made their rounds, she presented her findings with passion. After the fair, the winners were to be announced. Emma held her breath as they called out the names. When the first-place winner was called, it wasn’t her name. Disappointed but still proud of her efforts, Emma listened intently as they announced the second and third-place winners. To her surprise and joy, Emma was awarded third place. Her heart swelled with pride as she accepted her prize, knowing that despite the setbacks, she had proven her resilience and determination. This experience fueled Emma’s passion for science even more, inspiring her to continue pursuing her dreams with even greater determination and perseverance. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述Emma Thompson作为爱荷华小镇的16岁学生，梦想成为科学家并决心在科学展览夺冠的经历。Emma努力研究藻类可再生能源，但科学展览前电脑黑屏导致数据丢失，使她陷入绝望。回想起老师的教诲，Emma决定克服失败，利用现有资源重新整理研究。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“深吸一口气，Emma决定重新开始。”可知，第一段可描写Emma重新开始她的项目的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“博览会结束后，获胜者将被宣布。”可知，第二段可描写Emma获得的名词以及感悟。 2. 续写线索：重新开始——利用每一分钟——完成——参赛——获奖——感悟。 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①重建：reconstruct/rebuild ②完成：finish/complete ③接收：accept/receive 情绪类 ①紧张：nervousness/anxiety ②惊讶：surprise/astonishment 【点睛】[高分句型1] At the science fair, Emma stood by her project, feeling a mix of nervousness and hope. .(运用了现在分词短语作状语) [高分句型2] Disappointed but still proud of her efforts, Emma listened intently as they announced the second and third-place winners.(运用了形容词短语作状语以及as引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$