Unit 1 知识清单 2024-2025学年外研版英语七年级下册

七年级下册 Unit 1 :The secrets of happiness P2-3 总纲 1. The secrets of happiness. secret n.秘密;秘诀(可数)adj.秘密的,暗自的-secretly adv.秘密地 in secret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地 the secret of/to... ......的秘诀 adj.后接-ness可构成名词,表示状态和性质。 kind adj.善良的-kindness n.善良 ill adj.生病的-illness n.疾病 2. Let’s explore what happiness means to different people? mean v.意思,意味着; adj.苛刻的;吝啬的 meaning n.意思 meaningful adj.有意义的 meaningless adj.无意义的 What’s the meaning of...? ......的意思是什么? =What do/does ... mean? =What do you mean by (doing) sth? Eg:What’s the meaning of this word? =What does this word mean? =What do you mean by this word? 3. How can you lead a happy life? lead v.带领,带路-led(过去式/过去分词) leader n.领导者,首领 leading adj.主要的,首位的 lead a/an...life=live a/an...life过上......的生活 lead to...导致,造成 lead the way带路 lead sb to do sth带领某人做某事 lead sb against...带领某人反抗...... 4. After completing this unit,you will be able to: 1 after prep./conj.在......之后-before prep./conj.在......之前 after doing sth在做某事之后 2 be able to do sth能够做某事(可以用于各种时态) can/could do sth能够做某事(只能用于一般现在时/一般过去时) able adj.能的;有能力的-unable adj.不能的;不能胜任的 be unable to do sth不能做某事 ability n.能力(可数) the ability to do sth=the ability in doing sth做某事的能力 disabled adj.残疾的 the disabled 残疾人 disable v.使...失去能力 enable v.使...能够 5. Use the words and expressions in this unit to talk about happiness. 1 use n.用途 It’s no use/no good doing sth做某事是没用的 make good use of...=take advantage of...充分利用...... v.使用 use sth to do sth=use sth for (doing) sth使用某物去做某事 sth be used to do sth=sth be used for (doing) sth某物被用来做某事 sb be/get used to doing sth某人习惯于做某事 sb/sth used to do sth某人/物过去常常做某事 sth be used as... 某物被用作..... sth be used by...某物被......所使用 useful adj.有用的 useless adj.没用的 used adj.用过的;二手的 2 Words and expressions单词和短语 express v.表达-expression n.表达;表情 express...to sb向某人表达... express oneself表达自己的意思 6. Use the simple past tense to describe happiness moments. describe v.描写-description n.描述 describe...as...把......描述成...... 7. Share the meaning of happiness in our lives. share sth with sb和某人分享某事 8. How do you think these people feel?. feel like 感觉像......;想要..... feel like doing sth=would like to do sth=want to do sth想要做某事 9. Parties and birthday presents. present n.礼物;现在 at present 目前 as a present/as presents 作为礼物 adj.现在的;出席的-presence n.出席 be present at ...出席......-be absent from...缺席..... v.颁发;授予;主持-presenter n.主持人 present sth to sb把某物颁发/授予某人 presentation n.展示;自我介绍 10. What’s special about the poem? Special n.特色菜,特价品;adj.特别的,特殊的 a special train专列 Special education 特殊教育 P4-8 Understanding ideas. 11. Now read the book review and check your answers. review n.评论 write a review写评论 a book review 一本书评 v.评论;复习=go over复习,检查,查看 reviewer n.评论家 12. I put down Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. put on 穿上;上演;增加 put on weight增加体重-lose weight减肥 put away收好;收起来 put up张贴;悬挂;举起;搭建;公布;接(某人) put down记下;写下;放下;镇压 put off推迟 put out扑灭 13. But I kept going over the exciting story in my mind. 1 keep v.保持;保留;继续-kept(过去式/过去分词) keep+v-ing 一直做某事 keep+adj. 保持某种状态 keep+sb/sth+v-ing 使某人/某物一直做某事 keep+sb/sth+adj. 使某人/某物保持某种状态 keep sth for+一段时间 借某物借一段时间 keep a diary/keep diaries写日记 2 excite作动词,意为“(使)兴奋;激发;唤起”,其名词形式为excitement,形容词形式为excited和exciting。 exciting表示“令人激动/兴奋的”,在句中一般用作定语或表语,用来修饰或说明人或事物的特性,通常用表示“事物”的名词或代词作主语。 excited表示“感到激动/兴奋的”,在句中一般用作表语,说明人对其他人或事物的感觉,通常用表示“人”的名词或代词作主语。 be excited to do sth做某事感到激动; be excited about...对......感到激动 类似结构的形容词还有: interested(有兴趣的), interesting(令人感兴趣的); surprised(吃惊的), surprising(令人吃惊的); tired(厌倦的;疲倦的), tiring(令人疲倦的); amazed(吃惊的), amazing(令人惊讶的); bored(感到厌倦的), boring(令人厌倦的)等。 3 mind n.头脑,智慧,思维方式;v.介意 make up one’s mind to do sth下定决心做某事 =decide to do sth =make a decision to do sth =be determined to do sth mind (not) doing sth介意(不)做某事 mind sb/sb’s doing sth介意某人做某事 14. The book was full of magic. full adj.满的;饱的 be full of...=be filled with...充满... fill v.填满,充满 fill A with B 用B 装满A 15. Charlie’s home was a small house at the side of a big town. at the side of...在......边上 16. In winter,the freezing wind swept across the floor all night long. 1 freeze v.结冰,冻住-froze(过去式)-frozen(过去分词) freezing adj.极冷的 frozen adj.结冰的,冷冻的 2 Sweep v.扫-swept(过去式/过去分词) Sweep away扫走 3 all night long一整晚 all day long一整天 17. Charlie’s parents often joined in . 考点 用法 例句 attend attend及物动词,指参加会议、典礼;去上学、听课、听报告等。 常用词组:attend a meeting/school/one's lecture。 He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow.他明天要参加一个重要的会议。 join 指加入某个党派,团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为:“参军、入团、入党”等。 When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的? 和某人一道做某事, 其结构为:join sb.或join sb in(doing)sth. Will you join us in the discussion? 你会参加我们的讨论吗? join in join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。 Let's join in the ball game. 我们一起参加球赛吧。 take part in take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥积极作用。 How many countries will take part in the World Cup? 将有多少个国家参加这次世界杯? 18. The whole family forgot about their hungry and poor life. the whole +名词=all the +名词 全部的/整个的 forget v.忘记-forgot(过去式)-forgotten(过去分词) forget to do sth忘记做某事 forget doing sth忘记做过某事 forgetful adj.健忘的,记忆差的 unforgettable adj.令人难忘的;难以忘怀的 19. This touched me greatly. touch v.触碰,触动,接触;n.触觉,轻按 touch sb’s heart触动某人的内心 stay/keep in touch with...和......保持联系 get in touch with...和...取得联系 20. Oscar Wilde once said... once adv.曾经;conj.一旦;n.一次 at once立刻,马上 once again再一次 once in a while偶尔 21. It can move us,change us and give us a life full of happiness. 1 move n.移动;前进;举动a sudden move 一个突然的举动 v.移动;搬家;使......感动 move to ...搬到...... move about/around四处走动 move away搬走 move on继续前进 move sb使某人感动 moving adj.令人感动的;感人的 moved adj.感到感动的 movement n.移动;(有共同目标的)运动;行踪 2 双宾语结构:及物动词+sb sth=及物动词+sth to/for sb 后面常接双宾语的动词有: bring,pass,give,show,tell,lend,take,sell,offer,write等,可以替换为to(给)连接间接宾语; buy,cook,get,sing,make,fetch,read等,可以替换为for(为)连接间接宾语。 22. Choose the best title for the review. 1 choice n.选择 make a choice做出选择 have no choice but to do sth除了做某事之外别无选择 choose v.选择-chose(过去式)-chosen(过去分词) choose sb to do sth选择某人去做某事 choose sb as...选某人当...... 23. Poor in things, rich in love. rich adj.富有的,丰富的-poor adj.贫穷的,虚弱的,不擅长的 be rich in...富含...... 24. Do you agree.... agree v.同意;赞同-disagree v.不同意;有分歧-agreement n.协议;协定 agree with sb赞同某人说的话 agree on sth就某事达成意见上的一致 have an agreement=be in agreement 达成协议 agree to do sth同意去做某事 25. To better understand others’ views,you can relate them to your own experience.... the other (+可名单) 特指两者中的另一个 another (+可名单) 泛指三者或以上的另一个 the other +可名复 特指其他所有的 other +可名复 泛指其他一些 the others=the other+可名复 (不加名词) 特指其他所有的 others=other+可名复 (不加名词) 泛指其他一些 1 another +数词+可名复=数词+more+可名复 额外的...... Eg:I want to eat another two hamburgers. = I want to eat two more hamburgers. other/else 考点 词义 用法 other 另外;其他 修饰名词,位于名词之前。 如:Put it in your other hand.把它放在你的另一只手中。 else 别的;其他的 修饰不定代词something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody等及疑问词who,what等,必须位于这些词之后。 如:Who else can play the piano?还有谁会弹钢琴? 2 view n.观点;视角(从某一角度看到的风景) The view on...关于......的观点 in my view=in my opinion在我看来 the view from the top of the mountain山顶的视角 3 relate...to...把......和......联系在一起 26. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. 1 form n.形式;表格 fill in/out the form填写表格 in the form of...以......的形式 v.(关系、习惯或想法)形成 form close friendships with... 与......建立亲密友谊 2 correct v.纠正;改正 adj.正确的-incorrect adj.不正确的-correctly adv.正确地 27. Last weekend,our family trip to the park filled us with happiness. trip n.旅游 school trip学校郊游 family trip家庭旅行 a trip to sp去某地旅游 go for a trip=take a trip去旅游 28. And we made that day her birthday.. make v.制作:制定:使变得;让 make a wish/make wishes许愿 make a plan/make plans制定计划 make a friend/make friends交朋友 make money赚钱 make sth制作某物 make sth to do sth制作某物去做某事 make sth for sb/sth为某人/某事制作某物 be made of+原料 某物由……制造而成 从制成品中可以看出原材料 be made from+原料 某物由……制造而成 从制成品中一般看不出或难以分辨出原材料 be made in+产地 某物由某地制造 后接产地 be made by+制作者 某物由某个人或集体制造而成 其中介词by用来强调动作的执行者 be made into+成品 某种原料制成某物 与be made of…和be made from…的意思正好相反 be made up of 某物由……组成或构成 后接组成的部分 make sb/sth +名词 使某人/某物成为...... make sb/sth+形容词 使某人/某物处于......的状态 make sb/sth+do sth 使某人/某物去做某事 make sb/sth+done 使某人/某物被...... P21-23 Developing ideas. 29. Some people always look on the bright side of life? 1 on the...side of... .......的......一面 the bright side of the life生活的光明面 2 bright adj.明亮的,鲜艳的,聪明的欢快的-brightly adv.明亮地,鲜明地-brightness n.聪明,鲜艳,愉快,亮度 30. They expect good things to happen. 1 expect v.期待-expected adj.预料的,预期的-unexpected adj.预料之外的,意想不到的-expectation n.期待,预期 expect to do sth期待/指望做某事 expect sb/sth to do sth期待某人/某物做某事 2 happen/take place 相同点:二者都有“发生”之意, 常用作:sth.happen/take place 而不能用happen/take place sth.即都为不及物动词,无被动语态。 不同点: (1) take place表示“发生,举行,举办”,一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”,即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。 Eg:Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last ten years. 在过去的十年里我的家乡发生了很大变化。 (2) happen指偶然发生,具有不可预测性,主语一般是某事或某物。表示某人发生了什么事 常用sth.happen to sb.结构; happen作“碰巧”之意时,常用sb.happen to do sth.和It happens that从句结构。如: Eg:What happened to you?你发生了什么事? Eg:I happened to see him this morning. =It happened that I saw him this morning. 我今天早上碰巧看见了他。 31. Is the glass half full or half empty. full adj.满的,饱的-fill v.填满 Eg:The bottle is full. Eg:I am full. half full半满-half empty半空 empty adj.空的;v.倒空 32. Record their answers.. record n.记录;v.记录,记载 make a record 创造记录 keep the record保持记录 break the record打破记录 a world record一项世界纪录 It’s recorded that...据记载...... 33. Results. result n.结果;v.导致,产生. as a result, adv.结果;因此;后接表示结果的句子,用逗号隔开。 as a result of... prep. ......的结果;由于......=because of... result in...导致;造成 result from...因为,由于 34. % said the glass was half full. %读作percent 百分之...... 35. Looking for an experience analysis. analysis n.分析-analyse v.分析 36. We can focus on three parts. focus on...专注于...... 37. Give special attention to any numbers in the results. 1 attention n.注意力 pay attention注意 pay attention to...注意...... 2 number n.数字,编号,总量,数量 a number of+可数名词复数+谓语动词(复数) 大量的...... the number of+可数名词复数+谓语动词(单数) ......的数量 38. Doctor Zheng’s advice. advice n.忠告;劝告;建议(不可数名词) a piece of advice一条建议 some advice 一些建议 ask for advice 寻求建议 follow/take one’s advice采纳某人的建议 advise v.建议 advise doing sth建议做某事 advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 suggestion n.建议(可数) a suggestion一条建议 some suggestions一些建议 suggest v.建议 suggest doing sth建议做某事 suggest (that) sb (should) do sth 建议某人应该做某事 suggest (that) sth (should) be done 建议某事应该被做 Eg:Our teachers suggest that we should study hard. Eg:Our teachers suggest that our homework should be handed in on time. 39. Let’s see the glass as.... see...as...把......看作...... =treat...as... =regard...as... =consider...as... 40. Give specific examples. specific examples具体例子 41. How to lead a positive life. positive adj.积极的,乐观的,正面的,良好的-negative adj.消极的,悲观的,负面的,否定的 positively adv.积极地,乐观地 positivity n.积极性 P12-15Reading for writing. 42. Zhou jian’s hat blew off. blow v.吹动,刮-blew(过去式)-blown(过去分词) blow away吹走 blow off吹掉 43. He heard a voice behind him. sound n.声音 make a sound 弄出声响 voice n.嗓音 in a low/loud voice以低沉的/响亮的声音 noise n.噪音 make a noise/make some noise制造噪音 noise n.噪音-noisy adj.吵闹的-noisily adv.吵闹地 44. He shook his head.“Just one more month”he said to himself 1 shake v.摇动,抖动-shook(过去式)n.摇动,晃动,奶昔 Shake hands握手 shake one’s head摇头 2 just adv.正好,恰好 just now刚刚,刚才 just then就在那时候 45. But he never felt any shame. shame n.羞耻,羞愧,羞耻心 shameful adj.丢脸的,可耻的 shameless adj.无耻的,不要脸的 46. Zhoujian kept his long hair for over two years. keep long hair留长头发 47. Day after day,hope grew together with his hair. grow vt.种植 grow corn 种植玉米 vi.生长 grow up长大 系动词.变得 grow old年纪变大 grow-grew(过去式)-grown(过去分词) growth n.生长/成长 the growth of... ......的生长/成长 48. The other customer were very surprised. 1 customer n.顾客 custom n.风俗,习俗 customs n.海关,关税 2 surprise n.惊喜;惊讶,意外之事 in surprise 吃惊地 to one’s surprise令某人吃惊的是 What a surprise!多么令人吃惊呀! v.使......吃惊 surprised adj.感到吃惊的 surprising adj.令人吃惊的 sb be surprised to do sth某人对做某事感到吃惊 sb be surprised at sth某人对某事感到吃惊 It’s surprising to do sth/It’s surprising that... 做某事是令人吃惊的 49. Happiness springs from doing good and helping others. spring from...源于...... spring n.春天,泉水,根源;v.涌现 50. How did other people react? react v.(作出)反应-reaction n.反应,感应 react to...对...作出反应 51. Who is the main character of the story? character n. 性格,品质;特色,特征;人物,角色;(书写或印刷)符号,文字,字体 characteristic n.特征 52. What challenges does he/she face?. challenge n.挑战,难题;v.挑战,向......下战书 challenging adj.富有挑战性的 P16-17 Presenting ideas 53. Make a book page about ways to be happy. make a book page制作一个书评专页 54. Search for information about... search for...搜寻,寻找 search sb.搜身 search sp搜查某地 55. Then decide which ways you will include in your book page.Consider:.... 1 include v.包含;包括 including prep.包括(放在所包含内容前面) included adj.包括在内的(放在所包含内容的后面) 2 consider的用法: consider作“考虑”解,相当于think about,常用于以下句型: consider+名词/代词/动名词。 Eg:You'd better consider my suggestion.你最好考虑下我的建议。 consider+从句或“疑问词+不定式”。 Eg:We must consider what to do next.我们必须考虑下一步做什么。 consider作“认为”解时,相当于 think,常用于以下句型: consider sb./sth.+(as+)形容词/名词。其中,as可以省略。 Eg:We consider him honest.我们认为他很诚实。 consider+sb./sth.+不定式。其中,不定式通常是to be(可以省略)或其他动词的完成式。 Eg:We consider this matter to be very important.我们认为这件事情很重要。 consider+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语。 Eg:We consider it hard to study English well.我们认为学好英语很难。 consider+宾语从句。 Eg:He considers that the music is well worth listening to.他认为这首乐曲很值得一听。 56. Stating the purpose of your book page. 1 state n.州,邦,状态;v.陈述,公布-statement n.声明,报告,说法 2 purpose n.目的,意图,目标 the purpose of... ......的目的 on purpose=by design故意地 57. Listing three things to make you happy. list n.清单;v.把...列入清单 make a list of....列......的清单 58. Giving a brief summary. brief adj.简短的 summary n.总结,概要 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$