福建省福州市第四十中学2024-2025学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

A.Go on virtunl field trips. B.Start different careers. C.Research with nuelear scientist D.Get network opportunities. 福州第四十中学2024-2025学年12月适应性练习 3.What do the four programs have in common? A.They are energy-related. B.They are STEM progratns. 高二英语 C.They target undergraduates. D.They aim to tackle climste crisis. (完卷时间：60分钟总分：100分考试形式：闭卷) Drew Peterson came hack to his family's farm near Salem,South Dakota,in 2010 第一部分园读理解（共两节，满分50分） from a job in New Yark.Since his retum,he says he has experienced many uncertaimties,but luckily he was introduced to the First Dakots National Bank's 第一节（共15小题：每小恩25分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳迹项。 AgriVisions Emerging Farmer and Rancher Program."It was a good way of trying to mentally prepare for black swan events (the unexpected problems)They told us this A is going to happen.It's not an If irs a when,"be says."They tried to give us aome Hydrogen Shot Fellowship tools and just glve us some general train of thought on how to get through them." The Energy Earthshots Initiative,launched at the U.S.Department of Energy (DOE)this year,is aimed at aocelerating breakthroughs of clean energy solutions That bas been the program's intent since its origin,says Natban Franzen, president of First Dakota's Agri-Business Division.Held every other year,the within the decade and training the diverse STEM workforce needed to make this a program is divided into four parts,with each being a multiday event. reality.Enter this program,an opening for 1-2 current Bachelors',Masters'.ad The first session (is held in early spring in Mitcbell South Dakota,where Doctoral students to come work with us.Applications are accepted on a rolling basis. the group explores farm management and financials.The second session is beld at the Science Careers at Argonne South Dakota State University in Brookings,covering marketing and risk This anmual program brings inspiration,knowledge,and tips far exploring managcment. STEM careera directly to female high school students with the aim of ndvocnting for In the first two sessions,students have contact with nationally known speakers. greater gender diversity in the STEM workforce.At the event,Argonne National Laburmtory's female scientists and engincers instruct students on their career goals, such as Jolene Brown,who comes in and talks about transition.After hearing Brown's presentation.studemts in the first class returned to the furm full of energy and provide networking opportunities,and share Argonne's work to advance science, including global challenges such as fighting the climate crisis. excitement.Franzen says,but "Mom and Dad at home,or Grandma and Grandpa, weren't always ready for that conversation."A"socialis ow heid allowing students Navigating Nuelear:Energizing Our World to bring family members for Brown's presentation."That wny they all get to hear it at This dynamic program invites students to explore the many applications of the same time.They all get to umdersand the messnge,"he says. nclear seience and its impact on energy.healhcare,food,and the environment through an interactive set of free resources.Explore STEM project starters,digital The third part of the program involves participants (taking a trip,which lesson plans,and exciting virtual field trip s where you can lear about different has included a variety of stops over the years."The curriculum and the content has a ton of value,but the networking has just as much value,"Fmnzen says.Peterson careers in nuclear scicnce. agrees with that,saying he has kept in contact with fellow (participants from The Mickey Leland Energy Fellowship Progrum that first class. This is for undergradue and graduate students in STEM majors seeking to gain The fourth session of the program focuses on strategic planning."We walk them experience in energy research.Participants will complete a cutting-edge research through what a good plan sbould look like,"Franzen says. projeet at one of DOE's national laborutories or at DOE headquarters under the 4.What is the intention of the program? instruction of our scientists and engineers.The best part is that you will comtribute to A.To give farmers necessary tools. the FECM mission of minimizing the environmental impacts of fossil fuels while- B.To make farmers mentally healthy. working towards net-zero emissions! C.To enoourage more people to take up farming. 1.Which propram is designed for girls? D.To enable farmers to prepare for the unexpected in farming A.Hydrogen Shot Fellowship. 5.What can participants do in the second session? B.Selence Careers at Argonne. A.Leam how to advertise their products. C.Navigating Nuclear:Energizing Our World. B.Develop a strategy to increase yield. D.The Mickey Letand Energy Fellowship Program. C.Practice some basic planting skills. 2.What can students do in Navigating Nuclear:Energizing Our World D.Draw up rules of transition. 第1胃共7夏 第2阀其7到 6.Why is a"social"held aocording to paragrmph 4? A.Sticking with. B.Assisting with. A.To overcome problems at Brown's presentation C.Struggling with. B.To allow participants to make a preseatation. D.Competing with. 10.What can people do at Boerderij Op Aarde? C.To make farmers more energetic. A.Malce meaningfal contributions. D.To keep families better informed. B.Take a special training course. 7.What do Drew Peterson's words about the third session of the program show? C.Learn to tnke care of others. A.Participants benefit from each other during sessions. D.Receive free medical care. B.It is more popular than the other three sessions. 11.Whst do participants think of Boerder Op Aarde? C.I gives participants a chance to socialize. A.It needs further expansion. B.It makes a profit. D.Students at the program really like it. C.It's growing fast D.It really works. D Many people spend the Inst years of their lives in an instittion,with their daily cboices and activities being determmined by what they can po longer do.But in the On the playground of a town school in Tanghe county in Central China's Henan Netherlands,people with dementia (are offered a different path forward: province,a bus full of science kits stopa by,drawing a crowd of pupils eager to memningful,satisfying farm work.where they can stay active while continuing to explore what is inside.Soon,several robotsre carefully unloaded from the bus and contribute to society. begin dancing with consistent bumanlike moves.The bus was not a performance Care farms are widely used in the Netherlands as an alternative to day care troupe of any kind but rather a mobile science class jointly organized by the Ministry centers for people in need of care,including people with dementia Their gonl is to of Education,the China Science and Technology Museum and the social media offer a new kind of care that is directed towards familiar environments. platform Douyin,aiming to sow seeds of passion for seience among children in the country's vast rural nreas. Boerderij Op Aarde is one of the hundreds of Dutch"care farms"run by people facing various illnesses or challenges,whether physical or mertal They provide Since February,thanks to the joint initiative,scientists,science educntors and effective work in agricultural environments,"We are nol focusing on what is missing. science museum staff have walked into 18 town schools in the Guangdi Zhuang but on what is left,"says Arjan Monteny.co-founder of Boerderij Op Aarde,"what is mutonomous region and Henan and Gansu provinces.Astrophysicist Wu Xiangping. still possible for everyone to develop." who has traversed Chinn's remote middle and western regions for papular seience Care fiurming started growing in popularity in the Netherlands in the late 1990s.A work,says that rural children are just curious as their urban peers in science elasses, few decndes on,care farming is well established in the Netherlands,and interest in the calling for more scientitic educstion resources in remote nreas.Lyu Guofan,chairman model for people with all kinds of disabilities is growing in many other countries.As of the Henan Association for Science and Technology,says that rumal areas are mostly an option for dementia care,it is a solution that grows more relevant with each faced with a shortage of qualified teachers and equipment for scientific education.A passing year.Rates of dementin are projected to more than double worldwide by 2050. sarvey conducted by the ministry in 2021 covering 31 provincial-levet regions across However.how to better care for these people remains a question that many countries the country sbowed that science techers at primary schools mostly lack related educational backgroands. are still grappling with At Boerderij Op Aarde.participants start each moming by discussing the day's In June 2021,the State Couneil issued an action plan for improving the work.The work is not lacking:pigs need feeding.gardens need care,and hat meals scientific quality of nationals from 2021to 2035,vowing to expand the recruitment of need to be prepared.An outdated workshop chair may need to be repainted. college students majoring in scientifie education and strengthen online training of Employees choose which tasks to take on-this is important,sys Monteny,because science teachers.According to the document,100,000 science tutors would be trmined people with dementia do not have miany opportunities to make decisions in their lives. each year at the grassroots level.Zhang Jiantao,a tescher at a town school in Gushi With conditions like dementia one participant at Boerderi Op Aarde says,"My county,Henan,gained notable fame for his povel science classes by tuming rubbish world is getting smaler,but here,I feel like my life is still in the real world." bins into dromes and water bottles into "water-propelled rockets".A former 8.Why do people build care farms in the Netherlanids? mthematics teacher.Zhang volunteered to focus on'teaching science to the school's A.To cure patients'illnesses more curious students,who are mostly lef behind by their city-bound working parents in the care of grandparents. B.To encourage local farming. C.To help sick people do farm work. “Thek划ds love conducting experiments,”Zhang ssys.“After doing experiments together,they are more open to me and focus better in classes." D.To brighten the lives of people needing care. 9.What do the undertined words"grappling with"in paragraph 4 mean? 12.What is the main purpose of the bus according to paragraph 1? A.To give students a science class. 第3页我1风 第4双共7因 B.To present a wonderful performance about science. C.To stimulate students'enthusiasm for science. D.If our bodies differ,what does that say sbout our intelligence and akills? D.To attract more teachers to come for the employment. E.Naturally.researchers concluded that boys are smrter than girls in science. 13.What are the challenges that most rural aress confromted with according to Lyu F.Studles have shown that parents treut boys and girts differently as soon as they're born. Guofan? A.Lack of scientific education equipment and qualified teachers. GAccording to psychologists,girls were less intelligent than boys in many aspects. B.Lack of enthusiasm for science education among students and teachers. 第二都分语音运用（共两节满分50分） C.Insufficient funding from goverment and social onganizations. 第一节（共15小题：每小愿2分满分30分） D.Shortage of teacbers with correspooding knowledge background. 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、CD四个选项中速出可以填入空白处 14.How does the author develop the last but one paragraph? 的最住选项。 A.Giving a definition. B.Listing statistics. C.Making a comparison. You may always bear about people who knew exsctly what they wanted to do D.Giving examples. 15.What can be a suitable title for the text? with their life from the time they were in kindergarten.I hadn't considered lots of A.Initiatives ignites passion for rura sience education career 21 when I graduated from high scbool.Like most students who eamed B.A"bus"gives curious students an unforpettable experience good grades in math and science classes,I found people 22 me to be nn engineer. But all of that changed when I went to my 23. C.Science guarantees a peomising future for education D.Teachers open up a new path for educational development I will never forget the feeling of walking into my very first Biology 24.I 算二节（共5小恩：每小题2.5分，滴分12.5分） ervously found a seat and walted for the type of professor you seein TV sbows,old 间读下面短文从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。恋项中 and strict.What I got was exactly 25 Dr.Espinozn was a caring and 26 有两项为多余选项， teacber,and two terms of her classes made me fall in love with Biology.Her exciting We certainly look different.The most obvious differenoes between boys and girls classes made me 27 that I had other choices besides being a(n)28 It meant are our bodies,inside and out.For example,can men have babies?Can women grow I was headed for a career in biological research. beards？16 Due to Dr.Espinoza and many ocher professors like her,I found that scientists nthe180os,scientists developed a theory called craniology(头骨学)，which said aren't just what we 29 on the National Geographic Channel.They are real people that intelligenee could be measured by skull size.Men have bigger skulls than women. who answer real questions and 30 real problems.This led me to seek out So men must be smarter,people thought 17 No one encouraged them to go on in opportunities to do real science projects and see if I 31 it.While I was at school.Some doctors even said women who went to college would no longer be able university,I learned bow to ask good questions,how to 32 experiments and to have children!Of course,now we know these bellefs aren't true. colleet data,and how to share what I leamed with people.As it33I loved every minute of it. In the 1950s,psycbologists gave girla and boys science tests to see if they could tell who wns smarter.On average,the girls did worse than the boys.18 But is Falling in love with science was a long process for me,but it led me toa job I this really true?Instend of measuring natural ability,maybe the tests revealed love.Like the science itself,my joumey toward being a scientist was 34,but something about the conditions under which children were being taught.Parents and helped along by many teachers and professors who showed me the way.Now,I try teschers didn't expect girls to do well in math or sciee,and so they didn't encourage my best to lear Dew things and 35 new knowledge. them.In class,teachers focused their attention on boys.19 21.A.development B.diffieulty C.cholees D.requirements 22.A.appointing B.foreing C.allowing As scientists cootinue to investigate,they have disoovered that boys do seem to D.t如couraging 23.A.university B.oflice be better than girls at somet止ing called spatial rotation(空间转动).Gls,teat凸er C.room D.lab 24.A.league B.lecture hand,do better on some tests of vocabulary and language.Why?20 They often C.test D.teamwork 25.A.opposite B.traditional give girls.dolls to play with,while they more frequently give boys blocks.Playing C.typical D.similar 26.A.avernge B.casual with blocks helps children develop spatial skills.So without meaning to,adults might C.enthusiastic D.severe 27.A.realize be helping boys develop better spatial skills And maybe they talk to girls more,which B.regret C.refuse D.recall 28.A.lawyer B.educator helps girls with those vocabalary words. C.scholar 29.A.take care of D.engineer B.make fun of A.But how different are we really? C.leam about D.search for 30.A.solve B.Therefare,women were treated differently. B.bring C.raise D.ignore 31.A可j0yd C.This influenced how well boys leamed and how poorlygrdid. B.doubted C.recommended D.acknowledged 32.A.replnce B.predict C.conduct' D.copy 第5页共7页 第6页燕了四 注 33.A.came about B.broke up C.set off D.turned out 34.A.precious B.smooth C.beneficial D.slow 35.A.record B.admire C.crente D.forget 第二节（共10小思：每小恩2分滑分20分） 阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个近当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式， Yu Hongru,a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),wns born in June 1928 in east China's Jiangxi Province.On Apeil 8,2024,he 36 (honor)with the award of Person Touching China for 2023. He is one of the farerunners in the research and 37 (apply)of shock tubes (徽a被管)nd shock tube wind turnels in China..He has devoted more than60yer 38wind tumnel research,and led the design of multiple wind tunnel models throughout his life,39(make)significant contributions to the development of China's aerospace industry. In early 1956,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China called for"advancing into science".Yu Hongru applied for the postgraduate program at the Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and 40(beoame) studeat of Guo Yonghui,a famous scientist.In early 1958,the Shock Tube Group was established at the Institute of Mechanics,and Guo Yonghuni appointed Yu Hongru as the group leader.At that time,China had a weak economy and was short of electricity supply.41 a situation made it impossible42(follow)the path of foreign countries to develop wind tunnels.Therefore,Yu Hongru chose the more43 (economy)method of using bydrogen-oxygen combustion as the driving force,44 was extremely dangerous.After many trials and analyses,Yu Hangru finally led the team in finding a new path for wind tunnel research in China.In 1958,the core companent of the shock tube wind tunpel,the first-gereration shock tube in China, was45(success)developod. : 第7页奔7更