北京市昌平区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语试卷

昌平区2024一2025学年第一学期高二年级期未质量抽测 英语试卷 2025.1 本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上， 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 On a fall afternoon,after selecting my items,I went to the checkout line.I 1 a young woman in front of me.Her clothes were worn out and she looked 2.She had a toddler (and a newbomn.The toddler was running and jumping and the baby was crying. She 3 to get her items on the checkout counter surrounded by the chaos (of her kids.I observed she was losing patience with her kids but didn't know what to do.She was trying to 4 both tasks without causing much trouble. The people behind me 5 to snake their way into the aisle ()I saw the young woman was looking at a few items and trying to 6 what she needed to put back.The people behind me were getting 7.The dancing toddler and screaming baby added to the stress of her 8. "Do you need these items for your children?"I asked. "Yes,but I don't have enough on my card to pay for them.I need them for the New Year. My heart broke for her. “9 those items for her,”I said to the cashier, The young woman looked at me and said,"No,it's okay.I'll put them back. "Get those items.I've been in your shoes.I know what it's like.We moms have to look out for each other.One day,you'll be in a place where you can do this for another mom.Pay it forward.That is how you can pay me back."I 英语试卷第1页（共12页） said.To the cashier I said again,"Ring up the rest of her groceries." "Thanks,she smiled.She 10 pushed her groceries to the car.The toddler was still dancing,and the baby was still crying,but now no one seemed to.mind. The total cost for the rest of the groceries was less than thirty dollars. Wherever she is today,I hope that young woman does remember what it's like when she sees a struggling mama,and will pay it forward.Kindness can be given and received everywhere-even in the checkout line! 1.A.stopped B.contacted C.noticed D remembered -.A.lonely B. tired C.bored D afraid 3.A. managed B. forgot C.refused D hesitated 4.A.avbid B.end C.skip D. balance 5.A.agreed B.hoped C. continued D. regretted 6.A.explain B.decide C. accept D. hide 7.A. curious B.disappointed C.impatient D. shocked 8. A. situation B.schedule C.work D. income 9.A.Clean up B Tidy up C.Weigh up D. Ring up 10.A. calmly B.happily C.hurriedly D secretly 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A A few years ago,I was a millionaire,but I (know）millions of people died of hunger every year,and there were places with no schools and no teachers.So many people could never go to sc ool.They didn't have the chance to learn and get on in life.This iy)me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.Today I live in a small dormitory room with'only second-hand furniture.There is a small garden outside with a few (tree),which I enjoy taking care of.I appreciate this change. 英语试卷第2页（共12页） B The Temple and Mansion of Confucius is located in Qufu,Shandong Province,and is a memorial to Confucius.This site is a special place to remember Confucius.It's really big and has lots of important buildings show respect to Confucius and his teachings.Besides the temple,visitors can enjoy the grounds outside, there are more than 1,000 stone tablets. People visit sere '.earn) about his ideas and how they still influence people today. C Lang Ping is one of China's most 17 recognise)athletes.Her exceptional skills and leadership not only earned her the title of "Iron Hammer" but also made her a national hero in China.Afte she stopped(play)as an athlete,she became a coach and kept making a 19 ditferent)in sports.Her influence on volleyball 20(go)beyond borders and keeps inspiring volleyball players all over the world. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Are you looking to develop your experience in conservation?Would you like to be part of an international project which protects endangered species?Maybe you could benefit from our project! About the role: The Turtle Foundation is looking for volunteers to play an essential role in protecting nesting turtles i Cape Verde during the nesting season.It could provide you with key skills required to seek a successful career in conservation and ecological (biology.Anyone who is open-minded and enthusiastic about sea turtle conservation and fulfils some basic requirements is welcome to apply for volunteering in our project! Duties: 英语试卷第3页（共12页） Duties will include data collection and entry,labeling and measuring turtles,analysing and identifying tracks,maintaining field equipment and relocating nests.A typical shift lasts 4-5 hours,but this depends on the turtles. Some shifts may take longer and you must be prepared to work up to 40 hours per week. Requirements: Minimum of 18 years old Able to interact,receive and understand instructions given in English Good level of physiol fitness and enjoy working outdoors-able to walk long distances on soft sand and work in all weather conditions Flexibility to adapt to changing schedules-working day or night How to apply: .Please go to our website and fill in the online application form. Upload your CV and feel free to attach a photo of you. .There's no application deadline.However,August is usually a quite popular season both for Cape Verde and the project. It is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to learn another language and experience other cultures while contributing to the conservation of this species.If you are interested in getting involved,please contact turtle-foundation.org and take a look at our website and social media for more details!We hope to hear from you soon! 21.In the project,volunteers will A.help nesting turtles B.follow a fixed.tchedule C.feed turtles when they lay eggs D.develop skills required in colleg. 22.According to the passage,applicants are required to A.communicate in English B.have a good level of mental fitness C.hold a degree in ecological biology D.have international working experience 23.What do volunteers need to do to apply for this position? A.Sign up before August. B.Follow their social media. C.Send a photo through email. D.Apply online and upload a CV. 英语试卷第4页（共12页） B "Just have fun,"Gregory told his daughter,Erica.who was finally ready for the coming prom ()The girl hesitated at the door because she didn't have a date.She had always been shy and no one asked her to the prom. Despite her worries,she enjoyed the prom,dancing and taking pictures with her friends.However,a slow song came up,and her friends wanted to dance with their dates.So Erica went to one of the tables to rest.She saw everyone pairing up and slow dancing.Hopefully,people wouldn't notice her. Suddenly,she saw her dad rolling his wheelchair towards her."Would you like to dance,young lady?"he asked."Dad!"she said with a smile,grabbing his hand and standing up.They went to the dance floor and started swaying as best as they could.Unfortunately,her happiness was short-lived.She saw sone schoolmates laughing at them.And the comments became too much that her smile was gone from her face."Dad,let's get out of here,"she begged. "OK,go sit down.I have to do something first,"Gregory stated and wheeled away from the dance floor.Erica returned to the table.She wanted to get this night over with and forget all about it.Unannounced,the music stopped, and people turned towards the stage. Erica noticed her dad up there."Hello,kids.I hope you're having a fun prom night,"he started."Years ago,my classmates and I rented a bus for prom night right here.We got into an accident.I was injured,trying to get everyone out of the bus.I succeeded,but I also paid the price,"Gregory explained, pointing at his legs."Some of the people I saved are here today.I'm sorry to see that my old classmates raised children who would laugh at a disabled man and his kid just for dancing...I hope you learn from this.Meanwhile,my daughter and I will continue to have fun tonight.Thanks."Gregory finished. Erica smiled,tears running down her face.She never knew her dad had been a hero.The kids who had laughed at them came over to apologiz.The music resumed,and they danced all night.That's when Erica decided to become a first responder in the future.She wanted to save lives too. 24.How did Erica fee.about Gregory's invitation at first? A.Embarrassed.B.Happy.C.Disappointed. D.Nervous. 英语试卷第5页（共12页） )5.Ilow did Erica react to others'laughter and comments? A She wanted to escape. B.She laughed along with them. C.She ignored it and kept dancing. D.She couldn't hold back her tears. 26.What effect did Gregory's speech have on the studente? A.It drove them to reflect on their behaviour. B.It made them think about their career choices. C.It caused them to explore their family histories. D.It motivated them to attend more school activities. What can we learn itom this passage? A.Laughter is the best medicine. B.Respect makes a better world. C.One good turn deserves another. D.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. C For decades,flying cars have captured our imaginations,from sci-fi novels to futuristic cartoons like The Jetsons.While we've long awaited the day when zooming through the skies becomes the new normal,that dream is now one step closer to reality.The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)recently passed a set of regulations(规章制度)for electric vertical(垂直的)takeoff and landing (eVTOL)vehicles,better known as flying cars. Flying cars apply a range of technologies to enable vertical takeoff and landing and controlled flight.These vehicles use a combination of propulsion i)systems,control systems,and navigation technology to operate in the air and on the ground. The vertical takeoff and landing capability of flying cars is achieved through the use of rotary wing systems or jet propellers.Rotary wing systems use rotor blades（旋转叶片)to generate lift and enable staying in the air in one place and directional movement.Jet propellers,on the other hand,use powerful fans to create lift and thrust（推力).The control systems of flying cars consist of electromechanical systems and flight control software.Electromechanical systems 英语试卷第6页（共12页） control the movement of the vehicle's rotors or propellers,while flight control software manages the vehicle's direction,speed,and altitude.Flying cars are also equipped with navigation technology,such as GPS and radar,to enable safe and efficient flight.These systems help the vehicle discover other aircraft,maintain a safe distance from others objects.and proceed to its intended destination Of course,the skies aren't entirely clear just yet.For starters,the technology itself is still on early stage.One of the biggest challenges has been the need to balance the requirements of driving and flying.Unlike traditional cars or airplanes,flying cars must be able to perform both functions effectively,while also meeting safety and regulatory standards for both ways of transportation. Beyond that,producing flying cars is expensive,and many companies are struggling to gain the necessary funding to bring their productions to market. Finally,public acceptance could be held back if people think them unsafe and if they're expensive to use. While the FAA's permit of flying cars is a major step,it's important to remain grounded in the reality that this technology is still in development.It might be a while before you can take a flying car to your next business meeting or vacation.Yet,the groundwork is being laid.This new wave of transportation could change not just how we travel,but how cities are designed,how goods are transported,and even how emergency services operate.And let's be honest:the idea of zipping over traffic in a flying car is much more attractive than staring at taillights for an hour. 28.What is the man purpose of Paragraph 3? A To state functions of flying cars. B.To introduce technologies flying cars use. C.To list the fields flying cars can be used in. D.To show the innovation process of flying cars. 29.As for llying cars which would the author agree with? A.Many companies stop developing them due to high cost B The public will use them as the main transport in the future. C.It's hard to achieve driving and flying safely and effectively. D.The flight control software controls the propulsion systems. 英语试卷第7页（共12页） )As for the future of flying cars the author is A.worried B.doubtful C.neutral D.hopeful D Why is human culture-the shared body of knowledge passed down across generations-so much more powerful than animal cultures? Just as humans pass on knowledge to our children,when a new queen leaf- cutter ant hatches,she collects a little mouthful of her mother's fungus ( and takes it with her to start a new habitat.This fungus is genetically different from the wild fungus outside the habitat.Similar to how human languages change, new data shows~that humpback whale songs evolve（进化)，spread between groups and become more complex over time.Like humans,chimpanzees learn to use tools,and we now have evidence that they have been doing so for thousands, perhaps millions,of years.Even locusts (use complex evolving systems to adapt to local conditions,relying on epigenetic（表观遗传的)changes-一how factors like age and environment can change gene activity without changing DNA sequence. These discoveries have shown that not only do animals have culture,but there are also examples of accumulation (in their culture,something that for a long time was believed to be uniquely human.Thomas Morgan,a research scientist,said in a new research paper published in Nature Human Behaviour, "Now we know animal culture can accumulate or evolve over time too.So what's special about human culture that differentiates us from other animals?"Morgan addresses this question in his new paper.He presents a new idea that we humans dominate and are so special because of "open-endedness"-our ability to communicate and understand an uncountable number of possibilities in life. "The way that animals think about what they're doing constrains the way that their culture can evolve,"said Morgan."One way might be that they can't imagine complicated order very easily,or they can't imagine subgoals.For example,when I'm making breakfast,it's a nested and multistep process.Each of the steps is a subgoal,and these subgoals have steps within them that I need to carry out in the right order,so this whole thing is an organized procedure. 英语试卷第8页（共12页） Human brains are able to build and keep orders of instructions that are deeply complicated and this allows us to perform many different behaviours. While other scientists have compared human and animal cultures before, Morgan's research is unusual because it also compares animal examples of epigenetic inheritance and parental effects.The leaf-cutter ant is an example of a parental effect and the locusts an example of cumulative epigenetic inheritance. "We tried to compare human culture with animal culture,with epigenetics, and with parental effects-as many evolving systems as we can think of.And in the end,we concluded that the special thing about human culture is its open- endedness.It can accumulate but then it never has to stop,it just keeps going." 31.How does Paragraph:2 develop? A.By using figures. B.By giving examples. C.By introducing concepts and case studies. D.By comparing and contrasting different ideas. 32.What does the word "constrains"underlined in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Cuts. B.Changes. C.Follows. D.Limits. 33.What can we learn.from the passage? A.Locusts prove parental effects in animal culture. B.Epigenetic changes not only exist in whales but also in leaf-cutter ants. C.Other species accumulate but they do not have culture. D.Human culture is uniquely open-ended rather than uniquely cumulative. 34.Which would be the best title for the passage? A.How does Animals Culture Spread? B.How does Human Culture Develop? C.What Makes Human Culture Unique? D.What Makes Animal Culture Evolve? 英语试卷第9页（共12页） 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分)》 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Just as no two snowflakes are alike,no two friendships are identical.The landscape of human connections is as varied as humanity itself.35 Casual friendships,often born out of convenience or shared environments, are the most common type.These are the friendly faces you chat with at the gym, the neighbors you wave to,or the workmates you grab lunch with occasionally. 36 Close :dships,on the other hand,involve a deeper level of emational closeness and mutual(相互的)support.3__They're also the ones who know you better than you know yourself sometimes,and love you anyway. Research suggests that having even a few close friendships can significantly improve our mental health and life satisfaction. Work-friendships deserve a special mention.Given that we spend a significant amount of our waking hours at work,it's no surprise that many meaningful friendships blossom in professional settings.These relationships can make our work lives more enjoyable and even improve productivity.However, they also require careful navigation of professional boundaries. 38While some might discount these connections as less "real" than face-to-tace friendships,research suggests that online friendships can be just as meamngful and supportive as traditional ones.They can be particularly valuable for individuals who might struggle with in-person social interactions due to anxiety,geographical isolation,or other factors. It's worth noting that friendships aren't always the same. 39 A casual friend might become a close friend,or a best friend might drift into a more distant relationship.Understanding these changes allows us to approach our friendships with greater awareness and understanding. A.They can develop and change over time. D.Various types of friendships serve different roles in our lives. C.Friendship is a relationship characterised by mutual trust and support. 英语试卷第10页（共12页）