上海市长宁区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末区统考英语试题

2024学年第一学期高二英语教学质量调研试卷 (90分钟：100分) I.Listening Comprehension (14%) SectionA Directions:In Section A,you will hear five short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.In a lab. B.In a gym. C.In a clinic. D.In a library. 2.A.It is better to hand in the essay later. B.It is too late to hand in the essay now. C.It's not bad that the essay's handed in. D.It won't be long before the essay's handed in. 3.A.Organizing a citywide charity event. B.Planning a trip for the disabled. C.Making suggestions for the city plan. D.Drafting a report on the disabled. 4.A.VR glasses are inconvenient to handle. B.The girl is satisfied with her VR glasses. C.VR glasses cause the girl's poor eyesight. D.The man takes no interest in VR glasses. 5.A.The woman. B.The delivery. C.The overall experience. D.The product's quality. Directions:In Section B,you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on the passage and the conversation.The passage and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 6 through 8 are based on the following passage. 6.A.To enjoy food. B.To remain alive. C.To create chemicals. D.To arouse emotions. 7.A.The sides of the tongue are relatively less sensitive. B.The back of the tongue is quite sensitive to sourness. C.The entire tongue can detect sweetness and bitterness. D.Each zone of the tongue is responsible for one taste. 8.A.How taste works. B.Why tastes differ. C.How tongue adapts. D.Why taste buds matter. Questions 9 through 11 are based on the following conversation. 9.A.Ignored driving skills. B.Environmental impact. C.Increased traffic jams D.Technology failure. 10.A.Reducing road accidents. B.Satisfying transportation needs C.Assisting human drivers. D.Improving driving experience. 11.A.Concerns for self-driving B.Fun summer self-driving. C.The necessity of learning to drive. D.The future of intelligent driving. 高二英语第1页共6页 II.Grammar and Vocabulary (22%) SectionA Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Babies are less afraid when they can scent their mothers Babies feel relieved by the presence of their mother's scent,according to research that looked at how their brains respond to fear.The idea behind it is (12)a familiar scent can comfort babies."Some doctors tell new mums to put a(n)(13)(wear)T-shirt in the bed with their baby,"says Sarah Jessen at the University of Lubeck in Germany. (14)(nvestigate)whether this works,Jessen presented photos of happy and fearful facial expressions to seventy six 7-month-old babies-the age by which they (15)(develop)tneir fear response.Each of the babies viewed the photos while they (16)uintroduce)to either the familiar scent of their mother or.a stranger's scent.Jessen also measured electrical signals in the babies'brains (I7)(use)an EEG cap(脑电帽). Before the experiment,all the babies'mothers were given a cotton T-shirt,(18)they slept in for three nights in a row.The mothers(19)use their normal shampoo and soap but were asked not to use any new products. (20)Isee)photographs of fearful facial expressions usually generates a fear response in babies, which includes a specific pattern of electrical aqtivity in their brains.Jessen found that those who could scent their mother didn't have this pattern,(21)those who sensed a stranger's scent did. These results suggest that a baby's experience of scent can influence fear processing in their brain.Jessen says she wants to find out whether babies have a similar response to their father's scent or to the scent of other people who they spend time(22). She says research like this helps us uderstand how babies perceive the world and(23) influences their development.This understanding could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for helping babies. Section B Direetions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A.anxious B.guarantee C.ignore Dlinked B.missed F overly G.respectively H.risks routines I.serious K.transported When exercise stops being good for you 150 minutes of exercise.a week:that's how much we should all be doing.Does this mean that gyms are the best ways to 24 our nealth?Maybe,but they are not without their own health 25 Recent studies have suggested that some gym-goers'cleanness requirements leave much to be desired. Bacteria that can cause severe illness,such as food poisoning,was found on the surface of gym equipment.Sweat and the increased temperature caused by exercise can help dangerous bacteria grow on the skin,which can be26 to our clothing. 高二英语第2页共6页 It might not just be the bacteria at a gym that could be harmful.Harmful gym culture may be leading people to feel judged or frightened.In a 2019 US study,over half those surveyed felt 27.when going to the gym. This feeling of being judged,and a(n)28 competitive atmosphere,could create pressure to over-exercise.The Cleveland Clinic distinguishes between overreaching and over-training.The first is the result of a single instance of exercising too much,which leads to little more than muscle discomfort,while the latter is more long-term and can have more29 consequences.Over-training has been 30 to injuries, reduced appetite and problems with sleep or weight gain. When exercise becomes a must,it can also be dangerous for our mental health.Wellness writer Taylor Leamey warns that feeling regret at31 gym sessions or trying to use exercise as a way to control our bodies could be signs that exercise dependency is a problem. Of course,we shouldn't 32 the fact that exercise can really help our physical and mental health,as long as we can maintain a healthy relationship with it.It's essential to prioritize both the quality and safety of our exercise 33 II.Reading Comprehension (30%) Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Millions of people have installed mental health apps for everything from breathing exercises to guided meditarion ()But an analysis now suggests that almost everyone 34 on such apps in just two weeks Amit Baumel at the University of Haifa in Israel and his teammates analysed the use of 93 popular mental health apps.The 35 showed that,after 15 days,more than 94 per cent of users had stopped opening their apps The team only studied apps that are available in English and that have been 36 at least 10,000 times through the Google Play store. App use differed depending on the kind of 37 provided.On any given day,just over 4 per cent of people who have installed meditation apps will 38them.But this figure is 17 per cent among those who have installed peer()-assistance apps,which 39 you to talk to someone who may be experiencing similar issues. The team hasn't revealed which apps were included in the analysis.40,the findings raise questions over how useful mental health apps are.Baumel says we don't yet know how often someone needs to use such apps for them to be 41. John Torous at Haryard Medical School says the study 42 what the clinical community has known for a long time:a lot of people abandon these apps. A spokesperson for the meditation app Headspace says the firm is improving 43 by allowing users to set daily reminders and by encouraging"clock-in"of app use. Derek Richards,chief scientist for mental health app SilverCloud,says a low-frequency use docs not 44 mean mental health apps don't work.Instead,it could be an indication of how 45 people are about these apps,and how easy it is to download them. 高二英语第3页共6页 34.A.ends up B.comes up C.gives up D.sets up 35.A.data B.output C.ending D.file 36.A.translated B.downloaded C.packed D.attacked 37.A.support B.theme C.context D.figure 38.A.track B.identify C.abandon D.launch 39.A.beg B.enable C.forbid D.order 40.A.However B.Moreover C.Therefore D.Eventually 41.A.profitable B.educational C.predictable D.effective 42.A.doubts B.inquires C.confirms D.revises 43.A.engagement B.response C.frequency D.accuracy 44.A.only B.instantly C.rarely D.necessarily 45.A.familiar B.hesitant C.curious D.serious Section B Directions:Read the following passage.The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. Nightmares cause a lot of suffering or trouble to the sleepy,but scientists think that they're just a natural part of healthy rest.They aren't sure exactly why we have them,but it might have something to do with developing connections inside our brains.Dreams and nightmares may help with memory storage,emotional processing or training for real-life fight or flight situations.All three can be stressful,so it's no wonder that dreams sometimes turn into nightmares. For some,foods that change body temperature or brain chemistry,such as sugar and alcohol,can contribute to bad dreams.For others,it can be something as simple as sleeping in an uncomfortable position. Physical health problems,such as a fever,can also cause nightmares,as can certain medications.Many people also find that their mental health affects their dreams.This is most pronounced in post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),where the brain reruns past events during the night,but everyday stresses can also flow into our sleep. Keeping a regular bedtime and taking the time to wind down before bed can really help to get you into the right mindset for restful sleep.You can reduce stress and anxiety by exercising during the day and avoiding stimulants such as caffeine in the run-up to bedtime,but one of the best things you can do to manage nightmares is to record and analyse them.If your mind is trying to work through memories,emotions and stressful situations in your dreams,it's possible that there's something to learn from them.You could look up a dream meaning online,but your own interpretation is likely to be more valuable. Use a weekly tracker to record your sleep,including any bad dreams you have because recording your nightmares could help you to manage them more effectively.One technique used in the treatment of nightmares associated with PTSD is image rehearsal.The idea is to practise visualising different endings to your nightmares during the day.This gives your brain a bank of new ideas to call on when you experience the nightmare for real.It works best for reoccurring nightmares,because they often end in the same way. Many people are able to work through their nightmares on their own,and some even learn to enjoy them, but if you're struggling,it's important to reach out for help. 高二英语第4页共6页 46.From the first paragraph,it can be concluded that nightmares A.are not a subject of science B.are not related to health C.damage one's memory D.come from pressure 47.Which of the following activities most likely contributes to a nightmare according to the passage? A.Cooking a meal. B.Taking a drug. C.Going to bed late. D.Celebrating birthday. 48.The word "pronounced"in paragraph 2 has the closest meaning to A.minimal B.sensational C.noticeable D.distant 49.It is suggested in the passage that a person should manage nightmares by A.exercising before sleep B.searching online for treatment C.recording and sharing them D.imagining various conclusions 50.What is the passage mainly about? A.A search for clues to nightmares. B.A deep understanding of nightmares. C.Effective solutions to nightmares. D.Detailed comparisons of nightmares. Section C Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.The association matches terms sometimes used to describe kind and nice people("sweet"or"sweetie"). B.It reveals a cross-cultural evidence of sweet taste preferences. C.To answer this question,the study tested 1650 participants from four countries. D.As the findings suggested,significant connection betwecn agreeableness and the two measures of taste preferences exists across all samples,contrasting the earlier findings. E.The central idea of it is that metaphors map abstract concepts (e.g.niceness)on more specific areas (e.g. sweet taste experiences)to aid understanding. F.The study found that agreeableness was positively related with the two different measures of sweet taste preferences in all the samples. People with a sweet tooth may also be sweeter people Research has shown that a preference for sweet foods is associated with agreeableness.51 These links can be explained based on conceptual metaphor theory(w概念隐喻理论).52，According to the theory,. metaphoric mappings are cognitive (associations,often learned through experience,that finally allow people to think about abstract concepts in terms that are more readily noticeable,such as taste. A new journal article published this week aimed to examine whether the association between sweet taste preferences and agreeableness occurs across cultures.53Participants completed a 10-item agreeableness scale that asked them how much certain statements describe them using a I (very inaccurate)to 5(very accurate)scale,for example"sympathize with others'feelings,""take time out for others,""havo a soft heart". Participants also completed a sweet taste preference scale,which had ten itoms (e.g.candy,chocolate cake, boney,ete.)that they rated using a 1(dislike strongly)to 6(like strongly)scale.Additionally,participants rated how much they liked five taste types:sweet,sour,salty,bitter,and spicy. 高二英语第5页共6页 54 Particularly,people who like sweet foods are more likely to "sympathize with others'feelings," "take time out for others,""have a soft heart,"and so on.Therefore,the study's results suggest that people across cultures use sweet taste experiences to understand or conceptualize niceness in line with the theory framework. IV.Summary Writing (7%) Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 70 words.Use your own words as far as possible. Dumb phones(非智能手机)are making a comeback It is hard to imagine life without a smartphone these days.Nine in ten American adults own one,and they spend 3 hours and 45 minutes on them a day,on average.New versions updated with artificial intelligence may be even harder to put down. Yet a market is also growing for phones that are simple-designed.These dumb phones account for just 2% of phone sales in America.But demand is growing.In 2016,a Finnish firm bought the rights to relaunch the devices of Nokia,.which is now selling"“tens of thousands''offp-phones(盖式手机)a month in America. Dumb phones today do not only copy those of the past,though.Startups offer simple-designed devices of their own.One example is the Light Phone,which is shaped like an iPod and has an e-ink screen like a Kindle. It also allows users to add optional"tools"including a podcast-player and a directions app. What explains the return of the dumb phone?One factor is anxiety over the impact of smartphonesand social-media apps in particular-on young people's mental health.That is why Eton,a well-known British school,announced in July that it would bar its future prime ministers from bringing smartphones to school,and would provide them with Nokia phones instead. But plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones of their own free will.Jose Briones,who hosts a conference focused on dumb phones on Reddit,a social-media site,switched to the Light Phone after growing alarmed at his rising screen-time record.Like many new comers,he still keeps a smartphone for situations such as travelling abroad.Other smartphone addicts are instead choosing to simplify their devices, either by deleting apps or downloading ones that control screen time,of which there are a growing number. V.Translation (12%) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words or requirements given in the brackets. 56.这项发明使她在学术圈内获得赞誉。(gin) 57.学校功课太忙，我可设有心情看这个动画片。(mood) 58.与二十年前不同，如今超市里的加工食品种类多样，应有尽有。(available) VI.Guided Writing (15%) Directions:Write an English composition in about 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学高二学生李华，你们学校英语报开设了一个Advice Column专栏。学生George来信抱怨父母不尊重 他关于社团（©加b)选择的决定并求助。请你通过该专栏给他写封回信： (1)提出你的建议； (2)简要说明你的理由。 高二英语第6页共6页