Unit1 Festivals and Celebrations【速记清单】-2024-2025学年高一英语单元速记•巧练（人教版2019必修第三册）

Unit1 Festivals and Celebrations 话题 节日庆祝 词汇 lantern, costume, march, congratulation, riddle, range, origin, figure, joy, harvest, agriculture, crop, feature, church, evil, medium, belief, faith, occasion, atmosphere, eve, envelope, Christmas carol, pudding, mashed potatoes, turkey, roast turkey,region, fancy, eagle, moment, pot, branch, wedding, clap, respect ,march, congratulate, range, figure, harvest, gather, feature, decorate, reflect, roast, represent, wrestle, fancy, clap, respect,grateful, significant, typical, commercial, medium, lunar, merry, roast, pleased, frank, inner, autonomous, brief, horrible,absolutely 短语 1.range from …to… 包括从…到…之间2.be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某3.decorate with…用…装饰4.fade away 逐渐消失；（身体）变得虚弱5.in spite of 不管，尽管6.take advantage of 利用，欺骗；占…的便宜7.have ... in common 相同；有相同的特征8.to be frank 坦白地说，坦率地说9.except for 除…之外10.set off 出发；动身；启程11.enable sb to do sth. 使某人能够做… 句型 1.They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the years, religions, famous figures and important events. 2.With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. 3.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 4.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncake. 5.Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. 6.It was great fun walking along the streets, enjoying the relaxing atmosphere.（It is great fun doing …） 7.Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. 语法 V-ing做定语和表语 写作 介绍节日 考点1. dress (sb. ) up穿上盛装；装扮 dress up in carnival costumes穿上狂欢节的服装(教材P2) 用法归纳 ①dress (sb. ) up 　as    . . . (把某人)装扮成…… ②dress up in. . . 用……装扮着玩 ③dress sth. up 装饰/修饰/掩饰…… 词汇拓展 be dressed in(=be wearing)穿着……衣服(表状态) Dressed in school uniforms，the students seem to be in good spirits. 学生们穿着校服，看起来精神很好。 1. up as soldiers. 装扮成士兵。 2.She often herself up as a man by the gentleman suit. 她经常穿绅士套装把自己打扮成男人。 3.When young，we often in parents's old clothes. 年轻的时候，我们经常用父母的旧衣服装扮着玩。 考点2. congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜 receive congratulations from. . .从……得到祝贺(教材P2) 用法归纳 ①Congratulations!恭喜!(常用作祝贺语) ②congratulations 　on    sth. 对……表示祝贺 ③offer/send A's congratulations　to    B A向B致以祝贺 词汇拓展 congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺；祝贺；(为成就或成功)感到高兴，感到自豪 congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事祝贺某人 1.We got together to the Chinese athletes on their good ranking at the games. 我们聚在一起祝贺中国运动员在比赛中取得好名次。 易混辨析 词汇 用法 congratulate 意为“祝贺”，宾语为人。congratulate you祝贺你 celebrate 意为“庆祝，庆贺”，宾语为节日、纪念日等celebrate your birthday庆祝你的生日 2. on your winning first prize in the Chinese poetry contest!祝贺你在中国诗歌比赛中获得一等奖! 3.We offered our to the athlete，because she had won two gold medals. 我们向这位运动员表示祝贺，因为她获得了两枚金牌。 考点3. range n. 一系列；范围、界限 vi. 包括；(在一定范围内)变化 They have a wide range of origins，such as the seasons of the year，religions，famous figures，and important events. 它们有各种各样的起源，例如一年中的各个季节、宗教、著名人物和重大事件。(教材P4) 用法归纳 ①a wide/whole/full range　of   . . . 各种各样的…… ②in/within the normal range在正常范围内 ③in/within range(of. . . ) 在(……)可及的范围内；在视觉或听觉范围内 ④beyond/out of range(of. . . ) 超出(……的)范围；在视觉或听觉范围之外 ⑤range from A　to   B 在A到B之间变化(=range between A and B)； 包括从A到B之间的各类事物/人 ⑥range  in size/age/length/price from A to B尺寸/年龄/长度/价格在A到B之间变动 特别提醒 “a range of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。 1.Your weight can be kept in the normal as long as you take exercise more often. 只要你多运动，你的体重就能保持在正常范围内。 2.But there is other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for. 但打开收音机可能对一系列其他的健康问题有益。 3.The students in age from 12 to 18. 学生的年龄在12岁到18岁之间。 4.The ages of the students 17 to 21 (= range between 17 and 21)with an average of 19. 学生的年龄在17岁到21岁之间，平均19岁。 考点4.  figure n. 人物；数字；身材 vt. 认为；认定 They have a wide range of origins，such as the seasons of the year，religions，famous figures，and important events. 它们有各种各样的起源，例如一年中的各个季节、宗教、著名人物和重大事件。(教材P4) 用法归纳 ①　keep   one's figure 保持身材 ②figure 　out   弄懂；弄清楚；计算 ③figure (that). . . 　认为……  ④figure 　on   计划；打算；预料到 1. ，she goes to the gym every day. 为了保持身材，她每天都去健身房。 2.I that humans will conquer cancer someday. 我认为人类有朝一日会攻克癌症。 3.We didn't on meeting such a stupid driver. 我们没想到会遇到一个这么愚蠢的司机。 4.Many people go crazy trying to how to spend time with friends，family，work，play，etc. 在试图弄清楚如何在朋友、家人、工作、娱乐等方面分配时间时，许多人变得疯狂了。 考点5. grateful adj. 感激的；表示感谢的 People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year's supply of food. 人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。(教材P4) 用法归纳 ①be grateful 　to    sb. 　for    sth. 因为某事感谢某人 ②be grateful 　to do    sth. 因做某事而感激 ③be grateful that. . . 感激…… ④would be grateful if. . . =would appreciate it if. . . 如果……将感激不尽 词汇拓展 ①gratefully adv. 感激地 ②gratitude n. 感激之情；感谢 with gratitude 感激地 1.He hugged his teacher with . 他满怀感激地拥抱了他的老师。 2.I am to all the friends for their support. 我感谢所有朋友对我的支持。 3.I was very that you invited me to your party. 我很感激你邀请我参加你的聚会。 4.We live in a new society. 我们因生活在一个新的社会里而心存感激。 5.I would be if you could lend me a hand. =I would appreciate it if you could lend me a hand. 如果你能帮我的忙，我将感激不尽。 考点6. decorate vt. 装饰；装潢 Today，in some European countries，people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit，and get together to celebrate over a meal. 如今，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果来装饰教堂和市政厅，聚在一起共享大餐，以示庆祝。(教材P4) 用法归纳 decorate. . . 　with   . . . 用……装饰……(被动语态be decorated with. . . ) 词汇拓展 decoration n. 装饰；装饰物 1.All the streets colourful flags to celebrate our National Day. 为了庆祝我们的国庆节，所有的街道都挂满了彩旗。 考点7. typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的；平常的 One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. 中国春节燃放鞭炮以驱鬼神、贺新年这一典型风俗就是一个例子。(教材P4) 用法归纳 ①be typical 　of    . . . 对……有代表性；是……的典型 ②it's typical of sb. 　to do   sth. 做某事是某人的风格 特别提醒 it's typical of sb. to do sth. 中的介词of不能用for来代替。 词汇拓展 typically adv. 通常，一般；典型地；有代表性地 Lego is a popular toy in the world，which is typically intended for people of all ages. 乐高是一种世界上流行的玩具，通常适用于所有年龄段的人。 1.This painting is typical Qi Baishi's work. 这幅画是齐白石的典型作品。 2.Jack is late again. It is of him to keep others waiting. 杰克又迟到了。他让别人等是常有的事情。 考点8.  take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with business taking advantage of the celebrations. 由于商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)，节日正变得越来越商业化。(教材P5) 词汇拓展 have an/the advantage of. . . 有……的优势 have an/the advantage over. . . 比……有优势 be/work to one's advantage/disadvantage对某人有利/不利 be at an advantage/be at a disadvantage处于有利地位/处于不利地位 1.He has the of a good education over all the others. So he is a man of in this town. 和其他所有人相比，他有接受良好教育的优势。因此，他是一个在这个镇上有影响力的人。 2.Everyone faces in life. It's a matter of how you learn to make them work to your . 每个人在生活中都会面临挑战。问题是你如何学会将它们变为自己的优势。 考点9. reflect vt. 显示；反映；反射 They reflect people's wishes，beliefs，faiths，and attitudes towards life. (教材P5)它们(节日)反映了人类的愿望、信念、信仰以及对生活的态度。 用法归纳 ①reflect　on   认真思考/沉思…… ②be reflected 　in    映在……中；反映在……中 词汇拓展 reflection n. 反射；映像；沉思；深思；表达 1.Senior high students should spare some time to reflect their previous mistakes. 高中生应该花一些时间反思自己以前的错误。 2.He was impressed by the mountains being silently the water as the small boat moved gently along the river. 当小船沿着河缓缓地行驶时，山静静地映入水中，这给他留下了深刻的印象。 考点10. faith n. 宗教信仰；信任；相信 They reflect people's wishes，beliefs，faiths，and attitudes towards life. (教材P5) 它们(节日)反映了人类的愿望、信念、信仰以及对生活的态度。 用法归纳 ①have/lose faith 　in    . . . 对……有/失去信心 ②keep/break faith 　with  . . . 对……守/不守信用；忠于/不忠于…… 词汇拓展 ①faithful adj. 忠实的；忠诚的 be faithful to. . . 对……忠实/忠诚 It is his belief that one can't be too faithful to his party. 他相信一个人对自己的党再忠诚也不为过。 ②faithfully adv. 忠实地；准确地；如实地 1.Having many times，I still have faith in my future. 尽管已经失败了很多次，我仍然对我的未来充满信心。 2.No matter what happens，you should not lose in yourself. 不管发生什么，你都不应该对自己失去信心。 3.He kept with me and paid me back the money he borrowed quickly. 他对我守信用，很快就把借的钱还给了我。 考点11. occasion n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会；……的时候；场合；理由 They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life，and forget about our work for a little while. (教材P5)它们(节日)是让我们放松和享受生活，并且暂时忘记工作的时刻。 用法归纳 ①on a/an. . . occasion 在一个……的场合/时刻 ②　on     occasion(s)偶尔，有时 特别提醒 occasion作先行词，其后跟定语从句时，如果关系词在定语从句中作状语， 那么当occasion表示时间时，应用关系副词when； 当occasion表示地点时，应用关系副词where。 It was the first occasion when they had both found it possible to reach an agreement. 这是第一次他们两个都发现有可能达成协议。 What if you are in an occasion where you must speak English?如果你在一个必须讲英语的场合，你会怎么样? 词汇拓展 occasional adj. 偶尔的；偶然的；临时的 The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough. 图书馆的寂静有时被偶尔的一声咳嗽打破。 occasionally[=on occasion(s)] adv. 偶尔，有时 1.What was her explanation for why she was late on such an important ?在如此重要的场合她迟到了，她对此有何解释? 2.I on go to a local jazz evening with a friend. 我有时会跟朋友去参加当地的爵士乐之夜。 考点12. pleased adj. 高兴的；满意的 I'm pleased to. . . (教材P7)我很高兴…… 用法归纳 ①be pleased 　with    sb. /sth. 对某人/某事满意/高兴 ②be pleased that. . . 因……高兴 ③be pleased 　to do    sth. 高兴/乐于去做某事 词汇拓展 please v. 使满意；喜欢 Our main aim is to please the customers. 我们的主要目标是让顾客满意。 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的；和善的；友好的 pleasing adj. 令人满意的；令人高兴的 I hope you will have a pleasant/pleasing journey. 我祝你旅途愉快。 pleasure n. 快乐；满足；乐事 1.The teacher was with the progress that I had made in my study. 老师对我在学习上取得的进步感到高兴。 2.I am always delighted when receiving your invitation. I shall be attend the party. 收到你的邀请我总是很高兴。我乐意参加聚会。 3.I'm so that you're able to come to my birthday party. 我很高兴你能来参加我的生日聚会。 考点13. go off爆炸；走火 But，to be frank，the fireworks going off throughout the night were really annoying. (教材P7)但是，坦率地说，整夜燃放的烟花真的很烦人。 用法归纳 go off除了表示“爆炸；走火”外，还可以表示　(食物、饮料)变质，变坏  、 　(警报器、闹钟等)发出响声  、　离开    、　(电灯)熄灭  、(机器或设备)停止运转。 词汇拓展 go ahead开始；先走；进行 go up上涨，上升；被建造 go by(时间)流逝；遵循 go over仔细检查；反复研究 go after追求；谋求；追赶 go against违反；违背；对……不利 go through经历，遭受；(法律、合同等)被通过；检查；用完，耗尽 1.There was a power failure and the light off. 停电了，灯熄灭了。 2.After a night，the meat off. 一夜之后，肉变质了。 3.My alarm clock is set to off at 7 am every morning. 我的闹钟被设定在每天早上七点响。 4.At this store，people check out and then off to the side to bag their own groceries. 在这家商店，人们结账，然后起身离开，走到一边把自己的杂货装进袋子。 考点14.  except for除……之外 Anyway，except for that，everything was fine. (教材P7)不管怎样，除那之外，一切都很好。 用法归纳 ①except for表示“除……以外”，主要指对某种基本情况进行细节方面的修正， 或者对主要部分的肯定和局部的否定，含有美中不足之意。 except for后接的词同句子中的整体词(通常是主语)往往不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节或一个方面。 ②except for还可代替except，指从整体中排除不包括的人或物。 词汇拓展 except除……之外 Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. 除了我，家里的每个人都很快习惯了这个城市。(2021全国甲) besides除……之外(还)；此外 Besides working as a doctor，he also writes novels in his spare time. 除了当医生之外，他还在业余时间写小说。 apart from除……之外(都/还) Apart from the opening and closing ceremonies and some key matches，the ticket price is acceptable to ordinary people. 除了开幕式、闭幕式和一些关键比赛外，票价对普通人来说是可以接受的。 易混辨析 except 除……之外，除去的和整体属于同类事物，常与all、every、no、none、nothing等含有整体的肯定或否定意义的词连用 besides 除……之外(还)，除去的部分包含在整体中 apart from 兼具except、besides和except for的意思 1.All her friends came Tom. 她所有的朋友都来了，除了汤姆。 2.The movie is good for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾以外都好。 考点15. represent vt. 象征；代表；体现；相当于；描绘；正式提出 Naadam means “games” in Mongolian，and it is represented by three events. . . “那达慕”在蒙古语中的意思是“游戏”，主要表现为三大赛事……(教材P8) 用法归纳 ①represent sb. /sth. 　as  . . . 把某人/某物描绘成…… ②represent sth. 　to    sb. 向某人正式提出/清楚说明某事 特别提醒 represent表示“正式提出，清楚说明”时，不能直接跟人作宾语，常用结构为“rep- resent sth. to sb. ”或“represent to sb. sth. ”。 词汇拓展 ①representative n. 代表；典型人物 adj. 典型的；有代表性的 be representative of. . . 对……有代表性；可作为……的典型 You need to make sure these people are representative of all the people. 你需要确保这些人能够代表所有人。 ②representation n. 代表；维护；描述；描绘 1.The popular press tends to him as an environmental leader. 通俗报刊倾向于把他描绘成环保领袖。 2.This subject is so difficult for me. I really don't know how to my difficulties to you. 这个科目对我来说太难了。我真的不知道如何向你明确地讲述我的困难。 考点16. set off出发；动身；启程 On the first day，I set off to the games early with my friend Burin. (教材P8) 第一天，我和我的朋友Burin早早地出发去看比赛。 用法归纳 ①set off除了表示“出发；动身；启程”外，还可以表示　使爆炸  、　使(警报)响起  、　 引发   。 ②set off 　for  someplace出发去某地 词汇拓展 set out to do sth. =set about doing sth. 开始去做某事 Determined to complete the job on time，they set out to work/set about working immediately. 因为下定决心按时完成工作，所以他们立即开始工作。 set aside留出，拨出 He says that besides economic losses，a large sum of money must be set aside for fighting the pandemic. 他说除了经济损失，还必须拨出巨额资金用于抗击疫情。 set up安排；建立，创立 The government encourages young people to set up their own businesses. 政府鼓励年轻人自己创业。 1.He suggested we for the station immediately. Otherwise，we would miss the train. 他建议我们立即动身去车站。否则，我们就赶不上火车了。 2.Gone are the days when many partners fireworks during the Spring Festival. 很多伙伴在春节期间放烟花的日子一去不复返了。 3.Any dangerous gas can the alarm. 任何危险的气体都会使警报器响起。 4.His terrible situation people's discussion. 他糟糕的处境引发了人们的讨论。 考点17.  fancy adj. 花哨的；精致的；昂贵的 vt. 想要；倾慕；自认为是 n. 爱好 I saw a lot of people wearing fancy Mongolian robes. (教材P8)我看到许多人穿着华丽的蒙古袍。 用法归纳 ①fancy 　doing    sth. 喜欢/想要做某事 ②fancy oneself　as    . . . 自认为是…… ③take a fancy　to   sth. /sb. 喜欢某事物/某人 1.Do you fancy a walk along the Great Wall?你想沿着长城散步吗?  2.She fancies herself a singer，but she doesn't have a very good voice. 她自以为是个歌手，但嗓音不太好。 3.I take a to some wine with my supper. 我喜欢在晚餐时喝点酒。 考点18. brief adj. 简洁的；简单的；短暂的 Give a brief summary of the experience. (教材P8)对这次经历进行一个简单的总结。 用法归纳 　in    brief简言之 词汇拓展 briefly adv. 简短地；短暂地 briefly speaking简而言之 1. speaking，the virus has changed，and human beings should not take it lightly. 简而言之，病毒发生了变异，人类不能掉以轻心。 2. brief，all the objects on show are related to Chinese festivals. 简言之，所有展出的物品都与中国节日有关。 考点19. respect n. & vt. 尊敬；尊重 It is a day for people in China to show respect to seniors. (教材P10)这是中国人对老人表示尊敬的日子。 用法归纳 ①have/show respect 　for  . . . 对……表示敬重/尊敬/重视 ②　with   respect尊重地，重视地 ③with respect 　to  =in respect 　of   关于，就……而言 ④in one respect/in some respects在某个/某些方面 词汇拓展 respected adj. 受尊重的 a highly/greatly/widely respected expert一位深受尊重的专家 respectable adj. 体面的；得体的；值得尊敬的 respectful adj. 表示敬意的；尊敬的 1.This expert said he would rather accept a respectful student who was not temporarily successful in his study. 这位受人尊敬的专家说他宁愿接受一个在学习上暂时没有成功的恭敬的学生。 2.We were educated from an early age to treat the old with . 我们从小就被教育要尊重老人。 3.In some ，today's powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. 从某些方面来看，当今强大的计算机已经让我们的大脑看起来很弱了。 4.Parents often have little choice with the way their child is medically treated. 对于孩子接受医学治疗的方式，父母通常没有多少选择权。 5.We should have for PLA soldiers who died in defense of the country. 我们应该尊重为保卫国家牺牲的解放军战士。 考点20. “no matter+特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句 However，no matter how different they may seem，all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace is common in all festivals. (教材P4) 然而，无论它们看起来可能多么迥异，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。 用法归纳 “no matter+特殊疑问词”引导　让步状语从句      ，可用于主句前或主句后，且通常可用“特殊疑问词+ever”代替。 1.Unlike friendships that can fade or break，I know I'll always be connected to my mother I face. 不像友谊会逐渐消失或破裂，我知道无论我面对什么，我永远都会和母亲联系在一起。 2. you are，you have to remember that you are a Chinese. 无论你在哪里，都要记住你是一个中国人。 3.But I know I have to face in my life I was there and I survived. 但我知道无论我在生活中要面对什么，我都在那里，我挺过来了。 考点21. make it+adj. +(for sb. )to do sth. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. (教材P5)在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了公众为至亲至爱花更多的钱购买礼物。 用法归纳 在make it +adj. +(for sb. )to do sth. 结构中，it为形式宾语，to do sth. 为真正的宾语，adj. 为宾语补足语，　for  用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。 结构拓展 ①在“make+形式宾语it +宾补+真正的宾语”结构中，宾补除了可以是形容词，还可以是名词(短语)。 We should make it a rule to clean our classroom every morning. 我们应该把每天早上打扫教室当作一条规则。 ②在“make+形式宾语it +宾补+真正的宾语”结构中，真正的宾语除了可以是不定式，还可以是that从句或现在分词(短语)。 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he would be married soon. 当他明确表示他很快就要结婚时，我们都很惊讶。 特别提醒 真正的宾语是现在分词(短语)时常用于“make+it+no good/no use/no value+doing sth. ”结构中。 ③常用于“动词+形式宾语it +宾补+真正的宾语”结构的动词除make外，还有think、consider、find、feel等。 I find it hard to communicate with foreigners. 我发现和外国人交流是困难的。 1.That to learn and practice it. 那使得学习和实践它变得格外困难。 2.He is very stubborn，which quarrelling with him. 他很固执，因此和他争吵是没有用的。 考点22.as if引导方式状语从句 After singing some songs，the competitors danced onto the green field，waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles. (教材P8)几首歌唱毕，选手们在草地上翩翩起舞，他们在空中挥动着双臂，宛如雄鹰。 用法归纳 ①as if/as though表示“好像……一样，仿佛，似乎”，引导方式状语从句时，当从句所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事情时，从句用陈述语气(根据语境确定时态)。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。 ②as if/as though从句用虚拟语气时，从句谓语形式如下： A. 如果从句表示与现在事实相反的情况，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用 　were  )； B. 如果从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，谓语动词用　过去完成时   ； C. 如果从句表示与将来事实相反的情况或将来不可能发生的情况，谓语动词用 “　would   /could/might+动词原形”。 1.He talks as if he drunk. 从他说话的样子来看他好像是醉了。 2.He talked about the Great Wall as if he there before. 他说起长城来好像他以前去过那里。 3.She looks as if she a popular star. 她看起来好像是个受欢迎的明星。 4.The boy was jumping up and down as if the New Year come. 男孩蹦蹦跳跳，好像要过新年一样。 1． 语法精讲 V-ing做定语和表语 1.动词-ing形式作表语 (1)现在分词作表语 用法归纳 1)现在分词作表语，往往具有①　形容词    的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。这类 词有“令人……的”含义，常修饰事物。 2)常作表语的现在分词有：inspiring、②　interesting  、③　moving   、 amusing、astonishing、shocking、annoying、frightening、exciting、boring、tiring、disappointing、depressing等。 I don't think the lecture is very interesting. 我觉得这个讲座不是很有趣。 The film we saw last night was very moving. 我们昨晚看的电影很感人。 The dialogue is amusing but the plot is weak. 对白有趣但情节薄弱。 (2)动名词作表语 用法归纳 动名词作表语多表示抽象的或习惯性、经常性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。通常可与主语互换位置。 On March 12th，the traditional activity is planting trees. 3月12日，传统活动是植树。 His full-time job is teaching. 他的全职工作是教学。 2. 动词-ing形式作定语 (1)现在分词作定语 用法归纳 1)单个的现在分词作定语往往放在被修饰词的前面，现在分词短语作定语往往放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个④　定语从句   。 2)现在分词作后置定语时，它表示和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的⑤　主动   关系。 此时现在分词表示一种动作。 3)很多已经形容词化的现在分词也可以用作定语，表示“令人……的”。能作表语的现在分词一般都能作定语。此时现在分词不表示动作，而表示被修饰词的特征或性质。 There is no running water in the factory. 工厂里没有自来水。 His letter poses a number of puzzling questions. 他的信中提出了许多令人困惑的问题。 When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America，the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. 当探险者第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上充满了多得惊人的野生生物。 A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. =A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday. 一位写小说的年轻人昨天来和我们交谈。 (2)动名词作定语 用法归纳 动名词作定语常表示被修饰词的　功能或用途  ，在意义上相当于“名词+for+doing”。如：waiting room(等候室)；walking stick(手杖)；flying suit(飞行服)；running track(跑道)。 We are not allowed to speak aloud in the reading room/in the room for reading. 我们不被允许在阅览室里大声讲话。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1.After the party, most guests left, with only two of them ______ (remain) in the host family, ______ (help) him clean up. 2.The young man was caught ______ (steal) a car. 3.He was just about to sit down when he felt something______ (move) near his feet． 4.It was a really______ (terrify) experience. Afterwards, everybody was very______ (shock)． 5.The flowers______ (smell) sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature． 6.We found the house easily with the little boy ______ (lead) the way． 7.On the bank of the river, we found him ______ (lie) on a bench, with his eyes __ (fix) on a kite in the sky. 8. The offer has yet to be accepted by the lawyers __________ (represent) the victims. 9. The little boy is __________ (please) to see his parents. 10. __________ (Wrestle) is a sport where two people fight and try to throw each other to the ground. 11. I was __________ (absolute) angry with him because he made the same mistake again. 12. The boss suggested making the most of those last precious__________ (moment). 13. Lawyers help others and__________ (respect) by people.   14. He was __________ (horrible) burnt so he was rushed to the hospital. 15. We chatted __________ (brief) about the weather before we parted. 16. The audience __________ (clap) and cheered when she stood up to speak. 17. I didn’t fancy__________ (swim) in that water. 18.. Jack is late again. It is typical __________ him to keep others waiting. 19. There is a general __________(believe) that things will soon get better. 20. There are many shops in the________ (commerce) heart of the city. 　 二．写作精讲 写作指导： 节假日活动内容包括春节、元宵节、清明节、端午节、七夕节、国庆节、教师节、中秋节、重阳节、圣诞节、复活节、情人节、母亲节、元旦等各种中西方节假日的起源、发展、庆祝方式和节假日活动安排，还有生日、周年纪念日、毕业典礼等各种庆祝活动以及参加这些活动的经历和感受等，还包括暑假、寒假等活动以及社会实践或者青年志愿者的活动安排及感受等。主要是说明文、记叙文、日记、邀请信、演讲稿和媒体报道的形式考察。 主题 体验中国传统节日 体裁 应用文 布局 本文主体写作部分可按照两段来布局。 第一部分:向对方介绍多个中国传统节日并推荐其中的一个节日; 第二部分:对该节日进行详细介绍。 人称 以第三人称为主 时态 以一般现在时为主 例题精讲 　　假设你是李华,你的外国朋友John来信说想利用自己的假期来中国体验一下中国传统节日。在端午节、中秋节和春节中,你会建议他选择哪个呢?请你给他回信并说明推荐理由。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear John, I'm glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals and want to experience one of them. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　I am looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua 遣词造句 一.用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.　　　　n.气氛;氛围  2.　　　　adv.绝对地;完全地  3.　　　　adj.有重大意义的;显著的  4.　　　　n.场合;时刻  5.　　　　n.高兴   6.　　　　　　农历年   7.　　　　　　坦白说;坦率地说   8.　　　　　　毕竟  二.完成句子 第一部分:向对方介绍多个中国传统节日并推荐其中的一个节日 (1)中国有许多传统节日,例如端午节、中秋节和春节。 There are many traditional festivals in China, such as the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and 　　　　　　　　　　　　.  (2)坦率地说,中秋节的气氛极其有意义。 　　　　　　　　　　　　, the atmosphere of the Mid-Autumn Festival is 　　　　　　　　.   第二部分:对该节日进行详细介绍 (3)中秋节在农历八月十五。 The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  (4)中秋节是一个特殊的时刻。 The Mid-Autumn Festival 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  (5)人们在农历八月十五庆祝丰收,并且愉快地欣赏美丽的月亮。 People celebrate the harvest on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year and admire the beautiful moon 　　　　　　　　.  (6)毕竟,据说那天的月亮是最大、最亮的。 It is said that the moon that day is the biggest and brightest 　　　　　　　　.  Dear John,  I'm glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals and want to experience one of them.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  I am looking forward to your coming.  Yours, Li Hua  【经典练】 假定你是李华,2月14日至16日你市将在文化广场举办元宵节文化活动。你校外教John对中国传统文化很感兴趣,请用英语写一封信,邀请他一起参加活动,内容包括: 1.写信的目的; 2.活动的时间和地点; 3.活动的内容和意义。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:元宵节the Lantern Festival ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $$Unit1 Festivals and Celebrations 话题 节日庆祝 词汇 lantern, costume, march, congratulation, riddle, range, origin, figure, joy, harvest, agriculture, crop, feature, church, evil, medium, belief, faith, occasion, atmosphere, eve, envelope, Christmas carol, pudding, mashed potatoes, turkey, roast turkey,region, fancy, eagle, moment, pot, branch, wedding, clap, respect ,march, congratulate, range, figure, harvest, gather, feature, decorate, reflect, roast, represent, wrestle, fancy, clap, respect,grateful, significant, typical, commercial, medium, lunar, merry, roast, pleased, frank, inner, autonomous, brief, horrible,absolutely 短语 1.range from …to… 包括从…到…之间2.be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某3.decorate with…用…装饰4.fade away 逐渐消失；（身体）变得虚弱5.in spite of 不管，尽管6.take advantage of 利用，欺骗；占…的便宜7.have ... in common 相同；有相同的特征8.to be frank 坦白地说，坦率地说9.except for 除…之外10.set off 出发；动身；启程11.enable sb to do sth. 使某人能够做… 句型 1.They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the years, religions, famous figures and important events. 2.With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. 3.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 4.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncake. 5.Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. 6.It was great fun walking along the streets, enjoying the relaxing atmosphere.（It is great fun doing …） 7.Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. 语法 V-ing做定语和表语 写作 介绍节日 考点1. dress (sb. ) up穿上盛装；装扮 dress up in carnival costumes穿上狂欢节的服装(教材P2) 用法归纳 ①dress (sb. ) up 　as    . . . (把某人)装扮成…… ②dress up in. . . 用……装扮着玩 ③dress sth. up 装饰/修饰/掩饰…… 词汇拓展 be dressed in(=be wearing)穿着……衣服(表状态) Dressed in school uniforms，the students seem to be in good spirits. 学生们穿着校服，看起来精神很好。 1.Dressing up as soldiers. 装扮成士兵。 2.She often dresses herself up as a man by the gentleman suit. 她经常穿绅士套装把自己打扮成男人。 3.When young，we often dressed up in parents's old clothes. 年轻的时候，我们经常用父母的旧衣服装扮着玩。 考点2. congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜 receive congratulations from. . .从……得到祝贺(教材P2) 用法归纳 ①Congratulations!恭喜!(常用作祝贺语) ②congratulations 　on    sth. 对……表示祝贺 ③offer/send A's congratulations　to    B A向B致以祝贺 词汇拓展 congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺；祝贺；(为成就或成功)感到高兴，感到自豪 congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事祝贺某人 1.We got together to congratulate the Chinese athletes on their good ranking at the games. 我们聚在一起祝贺中国运动员在比赛中取得好名次。 易混辨析 词汇 用法 congratulate 意为“祝贺”，宾语为人。congratulate you祝贺你 celebrate 意为“庆祝，庆贺”，宾语为节日、纪念日等celebrate your birthday庆祝你的生日 2.Congratulations on your winning first prize in the Chinese poetry contest!祝贺你在中国诗歌比赛中获得一等奖! 3.We offered our congratulations to the athlete，because she had won two gold medals. 我们向这位运动员表示祝贺，因为她获得了两枚金牌。 考点3. range n. 一系列；范围、界限 vi. 包括；(在一定范围内)变化 They have a wide range of origins，such as the seasons of the year，religions，famous figures，and important events. 它们有各种各样的起源，例如一年中的各个季节、宗教、著名人物和重大事件。(教材P4) 用法归纳 ①a wide/whole/full range　of   . . . 各种各样的…… ②in/within the normal range在正常范围内 ③in/within range(of. . . ) 在(……)可及的范围内；在视觉或听觉范围内 ④beyond/out of range(of. . . ) 超出(……的)范围；在视觉或听觉范围之外 ⑤range from A　to   B 在A到B之间变化(=range between A and B)； 包括从A到B之间的各类事物/人 ⑥range  in size/age/length/price from A to B尺寸/年龄/长度/价格在A到B之间变动 特别提醒 “a range of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。 1.Your weight can be kept in the normal range as long as you take exercise more often. 只要你多运动，你的体重就能保持在正常范围内。 2.But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for. 但打开收音机可能对一系列其他的健康问题有益。 3.The students range in age from 12 to 18. 学生的年龄在12岁到18岁之间。 4.The ages of the students range from 17 to 21 (= range between 17 and 21)with an average of 19. 学生的年龄在17岁到21岁之间，平均19岁。 考点4.  figure n. 人物；数字；身材 vt. 认为；认定 They have a wide range of origins，such as the seasons of the year，religions，famous figures，and important events. 它们有各种各样的起源，例如一年中的各个季节、宗教、著名人物和重大事件。(教材P4) 用法归纳 ①　keep   one's figure 保持身材 ②figure 　out   弄懂；弄清楚；计算 ③figure (that). . . 　认为……  ④figure 　on   计划；打算；预料到 1.To keep her figure，she goes to the gym every day. 为了保持身材，她每天都去健身房。 2.I figure that humans will conquer cancer someday. 我认为人类有朝一日会攻克癌症。 3.We didn't figure on meeting such a stupid driver. 我们没想到会遇到一个这么愚蠢的司机。 4.Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends，family，work，play，etc. 在试图弄清楚如何在朋友、家人、工作、娱乐等方面分配时间时，许多人变得疯狂了。 考点5. grateful adj. 感激的；表示感谢的 People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year's supply of food. 人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。(教材P4) 用法归纳 ①be grateful 　to    sb. 　for    sth. 因为某事感谢某人 ②be grateful 　to do    sth. 因做某事而感激 ③be grateful that. . . 感激…… ④would be grateful if. . . =would appreciate it if. . . 如果……将感激不尽 词汇拓展 ①gratefully adv. 感激地 ②gratitude n. 感激之情；感谢 with gratitude 感激地 1.He hugged his teacher with gratitude. 他满怀感激地拥抱了他的老师。 2.I am grateful to all the friends for their support. 我感谢所有朋友对我的支持。 3.I was very grateful that you invited me to your party. 我很感激你邀请我参加你的聚会。 4.We're grateful to live in a new society. 我们因生活在一个新的社会里而心存感激。 5.I would be grateful if you could lend me a hand. =I would appreciate it if you could lend me a hand. 如果你能帮我的忙，我将感激不尽。 考点6. decorate vt. 装饰；装潢 Today，in some European countries，people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit，and get together to celebrate over a meal. 如今，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果来装饰教堂和市政厅，聚在一起共享大餐，以示庆祝。(教材P4) 用法归纳 decorate. . . 　with   . . . 用……装饰……(被动语态be decorated with. . . ) 词汇拓展 decoration n. 装饰；装饰物 1.All the streets are decorated with colourful flags to celebrate our National Day. 为了庆祝我们的国庆节，所有的街道都挂满了彩旗。 考点7. typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的；平常的 One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. 中国春节燃放鞭炮以驱鬼神、贺新年这一典型风俗就是一个例子。(教材P4) 用法归纳 ①be typical 　of    . . . 对……有代表性；是……的典型 ②it's typical of sb. 　to do   sth. 做某事是某人的风格 特别提醒 it's typical of sb. to do sth. 中的介词of不能用for来代替。 词汇拓展 typically adv. 通常，一般；典型地；有代表性地 Lego is a popular toy in the world，which is typically intended for people of all ages. 乐高是一种世界上流行的玩具，通常适用于所有年龄段的人。 1.This painting is typical of Qi Baishi's work. 这幅画是齐白石的典型作品。 2.Jack is late again. It is typical of him to keep others waiting. 杰克又迟到了。他让别人等是常有的事情。 考点8.  take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with business taking advantage of the celebrations. 由于商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)，节日正变得越来越商业化。(教材P5) 词汇拓展 have an/the advantage of. . . 有……的优势 have an/the advantage over. . . 比……有优势 be/work to one's advantage/disadvantage对某人有利/不利 be at an advantage/be at a disadvantage处于有利地位/处于不利地位 1.He has the advantage of a good education over all the others. So he is a man of influence in this town. 和其他所有人相比，他有接受良好教育的优势。因此，他是一个在这个镇上有影响力的人。 2.Everyone faces challenges in life. It's a matter of how you learn to make them work to your advantage. 每个人在生活中都会面临挑战。问题是你如何学会将它们变为自己的优势。 考点9. reflect vt. 显示；反映；反射 They reflect people's wishes，beliefs，faiths，and attitudes towards life. (教材P5)它们(节日)反映了人类的愿望、信念、信仰以及对生活的态度。 用法归纳 ①reflect　on   认真思考/沉思…… ②be reflected 　in    映在……中；反映在……中 词汇拓展 reflection n. 反射；映像；沉思；深思；表达 1.Senior high students should spare some time to reflect on their previous mistakes. 高中生应该花一些时间反思自己以前的错误。 2.He was impressed by the mountains being silently reflected in the water as the small boat moved gently along the river. 当小船沿着河缓缓地行驶时，山静静地映入水中，这给他留下了深刻的印象。 考点10. faith n. 宗教信仰；信任；相信 They reflect people's wishes，beliefs，faiths，and attitudes towards life. (教材P5) 它们(节日)反映了人类的愿望、信念、信仰以及对生活的态度。 用法归纳 ①have/lose faith 　in    . . . 对……有/失去信心 ②keep/break faith 　with  . . . 对……守/不守信用；忠于/不忠于…… 词汇拓展 ①faithful adj. 忠实的；忠诚的 be faithful to. . . 对……忠实/忠诚 It is his belief that one can't be too faithful to his party. 他相信一个人对自己的党再忠诚也不为过。 ②faithfully adv. 忠实地；准确地；如实地 1.Having failed many times，I still have faith in my future. 尽管已经失败了很多次，我仍然对我的未来充满信心。 2.No matter what happens，you should not lose faith in yourself. 不管发生什么，你都不应该对自己失去信心。 3.He kept faith with me and paid me back the money he borrowed quickly. 他对我守信用，很快就把借的钱还给了我。 考点11. occasion n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会；……的时候；场合；理由 They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life，and forget about our work for a little while. (教材P5)它们(节日)是让我们放松和享受生活，并且暂时忘记工作的时刻。 用法归纳 ①on a/an. . . occasion 在一个……的场合/时刻 ②　on     occasion(s)偶尔，有时 特别提醒 occasion作先行词，其后跟定语从句时，如果关系词在定语从句中作状语， 那么当occasion表示时间时，应用关系副词when； 当occasion表示地点时，应用关系副词where。 It was the first occasion when they had both found it possible to reach an agreement. 这是第一次他们两个都发现有可能达成协议。 What if you are in an occasion where you must speak English?如果你在一个必须讲英语的场合，你会怎么样? 词汇拓展 occasional adj. 偶尔的；偶然的；临时的 The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough. 图书馆的寂静有时被偶尔的一声咳嗽打破。 occasionally[=on occasion(s)] adv. 偶尔，有时 1.What was her explanation for why she was late on such an important occasion?在如此重要的场合她迟到了，她对此有何解释? 2.I on occasion(s) go to a local jazz evening with a friend. 我有时会跟朋友去参加当地的爵士乐之夜。 考点12. pleased adj. 高兴的；满意的 I'm pleased to. . . (教材P7)我很高兴…… 用法归纳 ①be pleased 　with    sb. /sth. 对某人/某事满意/高兴 ②be pleased that. . . 因……高兴 ③be pleased 　to do    sth. 高兴/乐于去做某事 词汇拓展 please v. 使满意；喜欢 Our main aim is to please the customers. 我们的主要目标是让顾客满意。 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的；和善的；友好的 pleasing adj. 令人满意的；令人高兴的 I hope you will have a pleasant/pleasing journey. 我祝你旅途愉快。 pleasure n. 快乐；满足；乐事 1.The teacher was pleased with the progress that I had made in my study. 老师对我在学习上取得的进步感到高兴。 2.I am always delighted when receiving your invitation. I shall be pleased to attend the party. 收到你的邀请我总是很高兴。我乐意参加聚会。 3.I'm so pleased that you're able to come to my birthday party. 我很高兴你能来参加我的生日聚会。 考点13. go off爆炸；走火 But，to be frank，the fireworks going off throughout the night were really annoying. (教材P7)但是，坦率地说，整夜燃放的烟花真的很烦人。 用法归纳 go off除了表示“爆炸；走火”外，还可以表示　(食物、饮料)变质，变坏  、 　(警报器、闹钟等)发出响声  、　离开    、　(电灯)熄灭  、(机器或设备)停止运转。 词汇拓展 go ahead开始；先走；进行 go up上涨，上升；被建造 go by(时间)流逝；遵循 go over仔细检查；反复研究 go after追求；谋求；追赶 go against违反；违背；对……不利 go through经历，遭受；(法律、合同等)被通过；检查；用完，耗尽 1.There was a power failure and the light went off. 停电了，灯熄灭了。 2.After a night，the meat went off. 一夜之后，肉变质了。 3.My alarm clock is set to go off at 7 am every morning. 我的闹钟被设定在每天早上七点响。 4.At this store，people check out and then go off to the side to bag their own groceries. 在这家商店，人们结账，然后起身离开，走到一边把自己的杂货装进袋子。 考点14.  except for除……之外 Anyway，except for that，everything was fine. (教材P7)不管怎样，除那之外，一切都很好。 用法归纳 ①except for表示“除……以外”，主要指对某种基本情况进行细节方面的修正， 或者对主要部分的肯定和局部的否定，含有美中不足之意。 except for后接的词同句子中的整体词(通常是主语)往往不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节或一个方面。 ②except for还可代替except，指从整体中排除不包括的人或物。 词汇拓展 except除……之外 Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. 除了我，家里的每个人都很快习惯了这个城市。(2021全国甲) besides除……之外(还)；此外 Besides working as a doctor，he also writes novels in his spare time. 除了当医生之外，他还在业余时间写小说。 apart from除……之外(都/还) Apart from the opening and closing ceremonies and some key matches，the ticket price is acceptable to ordinary people. 除了开幕式、闭幕式和一些关键比赛外，票价对普通人来说是可以接受的。 易混辨析 except 除……之外，除去的和整体属于同类事物，常与all、every、no、none、nothing等含有整体的肯定或否定意义的词连用 besides 除……之外(还)，除去的部分包含在整体中 apart from 兼具except、besides和except for的意思 1.All her friends came except for Tom. 她所有的朋友都来了，除了汤姆。 2.The movie is good except for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾以外都好。 考点15. represent vt. 象征；代表；体现；相当于；描绘；正式提出 Naadam means “games” in Mongolian，and it is represented by three events. . . “那达慕”在蒙古语中的意思是“游戏”，主要表现为三大赛事……(教材P8) 用法归纳 ①represent sb. /sth. 　as  . . . 把某人/某物描绘成…… ②represent sth. 　to    sb. 向某人正式提出/清楚说明某事 特别提醒 represent表示“正式提出，清楚说明”时，不能直接跟人作宾语，常用结构为“rep- resent sth. to sb. ”或“represent to sb. sth. ”。 词汇拓展 ①representative n. 代表；典型人物 adj. 典型的；有代表性的 be representative of. . . 对……有代表性；可作为……的典型 You need to make sure these people are representative of all the people. 你需要确保这些人能够代表所有人。 ②representation n. 代表；维护；描述；描绘 1.The popular press tends to represent him as an environmental leader. 通俗报刊倾向于把他描绘成环保领袖。 2.This subject is so difficult for me. I really don't know how to represent my difficulties to you. 这个科目对我来说太难了。我真的不知道如何向你明确地讲述我的困难。 考点16. set off出发；动身；启程 On the first day，I set off to the games early with my friend Burin. (教材P8) 第一天，我和我的朋友Burin早早地出发去看比赛。 用法归纳 ①set off除了表示“出发；动身；启程”外，还可以表示　使爆炸  、　使(警报)响起  、　 引发   。 ②set off 　for  someplace出发去某地 词汇拓展 set out to do sth. =set about doing sth. 开始去做某事 Determined to complete the job on time，they set out to work/set about working immediately. 因为下定决心按时完成工作，所以他们立即开始工作。 set aside留出，拨出 He says that besides economic losses，a large sum of money must be set aside for fighting the pandemic. 他说除了经济损失，还必须拨出巨额资金用于抗击疫情。 set up安排；建立，创立 The government encourages young people to set up their own businesses. 政府鼓励年轻人自己创业。 1.He suggested we set off for the station immediately. Otherwise，we would miss the train. 他建议我们立即动身去车站。否则，我们就赶不上火车了。 2.Gone are the days when many partners set off fireworks during the Spring Festival. 很多伙伴在春节期间放烟花的日子一去不复返了。 3.Any dangerous gas can set off the alarm. 任何危险的气体都会使警报器响起。 4.His terrible situation sets off people's discussion. 他糟糕的处境引发了人们的讨论。 考点17.  fancy adj. 花哨的；精致的；昂贵的 vt. 想要；倾慕；自认为是 n. 爱好 I saw a lot of people wearing fancy Mongolian robes. (教材P8)我看到许多人穿着华丽的蒙古袍。 用法归纳 ①fancy 　doing    sth. 喜欢/想要做某事 ②fancy oneself　as    . . . 自认为是…… ③take a fancy　to   sth. /sb. 喜欢某事物/某人 1.Do you fancy having a walk along the Great Wall?你想沿着长城散步吗?  2.She fancies herself as a singer，but she doesn't have a very good voice. 她自以为是个歌手，但嗓音不太好。 3.I take a fancy to some wine with my supper. 我喜欢在晚餐时喝点酒。 考点18. brief adj. 简洁的；简单的；短暂的 Give a brief summary of the experience. (教材P8)对这次经历进行一个简单的总结。 用法归纳 　in    brief简言之 词汇拓展 briefly adv. 简短地；短暂地 briefly speaking简而言之 1.Briefly speaking，the virus has changed，and human beings should not take it lightly. 简而言之，病毒发生了变异，人类不能掉以轻心。 2.In brief，all the objects on show are related to Chinese festivals. 简言之，所有展出的物品都与中国节日有关。 考点19. respect n. & vt. 尊敬；尊重 It is a day for people in China to show respect to seniors. (教材P10)这是中国人对老人表示尊敬的日子。 用法归纳 ①have/show respect 　for  . . . 对……表示敬重/尊敬/重视 ②　with   respect尊重地，重视地 ③with respect 　to  =in respect 　of   关于，就……而言 ④in one respect/in some respects在某个/某些方面 词汇拓展 respected adj. 受尊重的 a highly/greatly/widely respected expert一位深受尊重的专家 respectable adj. 体面的；得体的；值得尊敬的 respectful adj. 表示敬意的；尊敬的 1.This respected expert said he would rather accept a respectful student who was not temporarily successful in his study. 这位受人尊敬的专家说他宁愿接受一个在学习上暂时没有成功的恭敬的学生。 2.We were educated from an early age to treat the old with respect. 我们从小就被教育要尊重老人。 3.In some respects，today's powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. 从某些方面来看，当今强大的计算机已经让我们的大脑看起来很弱了。 4.Parents often have little choice with respect to/in respect of the way their child is medically treated. 对于孩子接受医学治疗的方式，父母通常没有多少选择权。 5.We should have respect for PLA soldiers who died in defense of the country. 我们应该尊重为保卫国家牺牲的解放军战士。 考点20. “no matter+特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句 However，no matter how different they may seem，all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace is common in all festivals. (教材P4) 然而，无论它们看起来可能多么迥异，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。 用法归纳 “no matter+特殊疑问词”引导　让步状语从句      ，可用于主句前或主句后，且通常可用“特殊疑问词+ever”代替。 1.Unlike friendships that can fade or break，I know I'll always be connected to my mother no matter what (=whatever)I face. 不像友谊会逐渐消失或破裂，我知道无论我面对什么，我永远都会和母亲联系在一起。 2.No matter where(=Wherever) you are，you have to remember that you are a Chinese. 无论你在哪里，都要记住你是一个中国人。 3.But I know whatever(=no matter what) I have to face in my life I was there and I survived. 但我知道无论我在生活中要面对什么，我都在那里，我挺过来了。 考点21. make it+adj. +(for sb. )to do sth. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. (教材P5)在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了公众为至亲至爱花更多的钱购买礼物。 用法归纳 在make it +adj. +(for sb. )to do sth. 结构中，it为形式宾语，to do sth. 为真正的宾语，adj. 为宾语补足语，　for  用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。 结构拓展 ①在“make+形式宾语it +宾补+真正的宾语”结构中，宾补除了可以是形容词，还可以是名词(短语)。 We should make it a rule to clean our classroom every morning. 我们应该把每天早上打扫教室当作一条规则。 ②在“make+形式宾语it +宾补+真正的宾语”结构中，真正的宾语除了可以是不定式，还可以是that从句或现在分词(短语)。 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he would be married soon. 当他明确表示他很快就要结婚时，我们都很惊讶。 特别提醒 真正的宾语是现在分词(短语)时常用于“make+it+no good/no use/no value+doing sth. ”结构中。 ③常用于“动词+形式宾语it +宾补+真正的宾语”结构的动词除make外，还有think、consider、find、feel等。 I find it hard to communicate with foreigners. 我发现和外国人交流是困难的。 1.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it. 那使得学习和实践它变得格外困难。 2.He is very stubborn，which makes it no use quarrelling with him. 他很固执，因此和他争吵是没有用的。 考点22.as if引导方式状语从句 After singing some songs，the competitors danced onto the green field，waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles. (教材P8)几首歌唱毕，选手们在草地上翩翩起舞，他们在空中挥动着双臂，宛如雄鹰。 用法归纳 ①as if/as though表示“好像……一样，仿佛，似乎”，引导方式状语从句时，当从句所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事情时，从句用陈述语气(根据语境确定时态)。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。 ②as if/as though从句用虚拟语气时，从句谓语形式如下： A. 如果从句表示与现在事实相反的情况，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用 　were  )； B. 如果从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，谓语动词用　过去完成时   ； C. 如果从句表示与将来事实相反的情况或将来不可能发生的情况，谓语动词用 “　would   /could/might+动词原形”。 1.He talks as if he is drunk. 从他说话的样子来看他好像是醉了。 2.He talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before. 他说起长城来好像他以前去过那里。 3.She looks as if she were a popular star. 她看起来好像是个受欢迎的明星。 4.The boy was jumping up and down as if the New Year would come. 男孩蹦蹦跳跳，好像要过新年一样。 1． 语法精讲 V-ing做定语和表语 1.动词-ing形式作表语 (1)现在分词作表语 用法归纳 1)现在分词作表语，往往具有①　形容词    的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。这类 词有“令人……的”含义，常修饰事物。 2)常作表语的现在分词有：inspiring、②　interesting  、③　moving   、 amusing、astonishing、shocking、annoying、frightening、exciting、boring、tiring、disappointing、depressing等。 I don't think the lecture is very interesting. 我觉得这个讲座不是很有趣。 The film we saw last night was very moving. 我们昨晚看的电影很感人。 The dialogue is amusing but the plot is weak. 对白有趣但情节薄弱。 (2)动名词作表语 用法归纳 动名词作表语多表示抽象的或习惯性、经常性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。通常可与主语互换位置。 On March 12th，the traditional activity is planting trees. 3月12日，传统活动是植树。 His full-time job is teaching. 他的全职工作是教学。 2. 动词-ing形式作定语 (1)现在分词作定语 用法归纳 1)单个的现在分词作定语往往放在被修饰词的前面，现在分词短语作定语往往放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个④　定语从句   。 2)现在分词作后置定语时，它表示和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的⑤　主动   关系。 此时现在分词表示一种动作。 3)很多已经形容词化的现在分词也可以用作定语，表示“令人……的”。能作表语的现在分词一般都能作定语。此时现在分词不表示动作，而表示被修饰词的特征或性质。 There is no running water in the factory. 工厂里没有自来水。 His letter poses a number of puzzling questions. 他的信中提出了许多令人困惑的问题。 When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America，the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. 当探险者第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上充满了多得惊人的野生生物。 A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. =A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday. 一位写小说的年轻人昨天来和我们交谈。 (2)动名词作定语 用法归纳 动名词作定语常表示被修饰词的　功能或用途  ，在意义上相当于“名词+for+doing”。如：waiting room(等候室)；walking stick(手杖)；flying suit(飞行服)；running track(跑道)。 We are not allowed to speak aloud in the reading room/in the room for reading. 我们不被允许在阅览室里大声讲话。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1.After the party, most guests left, with only two of them ______ (remain) in the host family, ______ (help) him clean up. 2.The young man was caught ______ (steal) a car. 3.He was just about to sit down when he felt something______ (move) near his feet． 4.It was a really______ (terrify) experience. Afterwards, everybody was very______ (shock)． 5.The flowers______ (smell) sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature． 6.We found the house easily with the little boy ______ (lead) the way． 7.On the bank of the river, we found him ______ (lie) on a bench, with his eyes __ (fix) on a kite in the sky. 8. The offer has yet to be accepted by the lawyers __________ (represent) the victims. 9. The little boy is __________ (please) to see his parents. 10. __________ (Wrestle) is a sport where two people fight and try to throw each other to the ground. 11. I was __________ (absolute) angry with him because he made the same mistake again. 12. The boss suggested making the most of those last precious__________ (moment). 13. Lawyers help others and__________ (respect) by people.   14. He was __________ (horrible) burnt so he was rushed to the hospital. 15. We chatted __________ (brief) about the weather before we parted. 16. The audience __________ (clap) and cheered when she stood up to speak. 17. I didn’t fancy__________ (swim) in that water. 18.. Jack is late again. It is typical __________ him to keep others waiting. 19. There is a general __________(believe) that things will soon get better. 20. There are many shops in the________ (commerce) heart of the city. 　 1. remaining, helping 2.stealing 3.moving 4.terrifying ,shocked 5.smelling 6.leading 7.lying ,fixed 8.representing 9. pleased10.Wrestling 11.absolutely12.moments13.are respected14.horribly15. briefly16.clapped 17. swimming 18. of　19. belief　20. commercial 二．写作精讲 写作指导： 节假日活动内容包括春节、元宵节、清明节、端午节、七夕节、国庆节、教师节、中秋节、重阳节、圣诞节、复活节、情人节、母亲节、元旦等各种中西方节假日的起源、发展、庆祝方式和节假日活动安排，还有生日、周年纪念日、毕业典礼等各种庆祝活动以及参加这些活动的经历和感受等，还包括暑假、寒假等活动以及社会实践或者青年志愿者的活动安排及感受等。主要是说明文、记叙文、日记、邀请信、演讲稿和媒体报道的形式考察。 主题 体验中国传统节日 体裁 应用文 布局 本文主体写作部分可按照两段来布局。 第一部分:向对方介绍多个中国传统节日并推荐其中的一个节日; 第二部分:对该节日进行详细介绍。 人称 以第三人称为主 时态 以一般现在时为主 例题精讲 　　假设你是李华,你的外国朋友John来信说想利用自己的假期来中国体验一下中国传统节日。在端午节、中秋节和春节中,你会建议他选择哪个呢?请你给他回信并说明推荐理由。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear John, I'm glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals and want to experience one of them. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　I am looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua 遣词造句 一.用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.　　　　n.气氛;氛围  2.　　　　adv.绝对地;完全地  3.　　　　adj.有重大意义的;显著的  4.　　　　n.场合;时刻  5.　　　　n.高兴   6.　　　　　　农历年   7.　　　　　　坦白说;坦率地说   8.　　　　　　毕竟  答案　1.atmosphere　2.absolutely　3.significant4.occasion　5.joy　6.the lunar year　7.to be frank　8.after all 二.完成句子 第一部分:向对方介绍多个中国传统节日并推荐其中的一个节日 (1)中国有许多传统节日,例如端午节、中秋节和春节。 There are many traditional festivals in China, such as the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and 　　　　　　　　　　　　.  (2)坦率地说,中秋节的气氛极其有意义。 　　　　　　　　　　　　, the atmosphere of the Mid-Autumn Festival is 　　　　　　　　.   第二部分:对该节日进行详细介绍 (3)中秋节在农历八月十五。 The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  (4)中秋节是一个特殊的时刻。 The Mid-Autumn Festival 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  (5)人们在农历八月十五庆祝丰收,并且愉快地欣赏美丽的月亮。 People celebrate the harvest on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year and admire the beautiful moon 　　　　　　　　.  (6)毕竟,据说那天的月亮是最大、最亮的。 It is said that the moon that day is the biggest and brightest 　　　　　　　　.  答案　(1)the Spring Festival　(2)To be frank;absolutely significant　(3)of the lunar year　(4)is a special occasion　(5)with joy　(6)after all 参考范文 Dear John,  I'm glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals and want to experience one of them.  There are many traditional festivals in China, such as the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival. To be frank, the atmosphere of the Mid-Autumn Festival is absolutely significant. I really hope you can come and spend the festival with me. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year, which is a special occasion. People celebrate the harvest on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year and admire the beautiful moon with joy. It is said that the moon that day is the biggest and brightest after all. It's also a day to eat special food like mooncakes. I am looking forward to your coming.  Yours, Li Hua  【经典练】 假定你是李华,2月14日至16日你市将在文化广场举办元宵节文化活动。你校外教John对中国传统文化很感兴趣,请用英语写一封信,邀请他一起参加活动,内容包括: 1.写信的目的; 2.活动的时间和地点; 3.活动的内容和意义。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:元宵节the Lantern Festival ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dear John, Since you have an interest in traditional Chinese culture, I’d like to invite you to the Lantern Festival activities, which will take place in the Culture Square from February 14 to 16. The activities involve some amazing performances like lion dances, stilt walking and land boat rowing. We can also appreciate various handmade lanterns and guess the riddles on them or taste yuanxiao, a typical food for the festival. All the activities will help preserve and promote traditional Chinese culture and I believe it will be a rewarding experience. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua $$