第1部分 写作六大微技能(课件PPT)-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语主题写作册（人教版 河北专用）

2025河北 英 语 主题写作册 1 第一部分 写作六大微技能 2 微技能1 如何审题 ▶审题做到“五定一列” 1.定文体：根据所给材料，判断作文是应用文、记叙文、说明文、 议论文还是其他文体。 2.定人称：根据题材确定作文的人称。 3.定时态：根据所提供的信息，确定作文的时态。 4.定要点：根据所提供的信息，梳理出内容要点。 5.定写作意图：根据题目要求，关注写作背景，明确写作目的， 避免离题。 3 6.列提纲：根据写作目的来谋篇布局，确定文章结构。结构一般 分为开头（Beginning）即说出文章的要点和核心问题、正文 （Body）即围绕主题展开叙述和讨论、结尾（Ending）即对全文 的总结和概述。而后根据结构与内容要点，确定每个段落内容， 这便是提纲。列提纲就是按时间顺序或逻辑关系等用简洁的英文 列出文章的要点，便于写作时具体详细地逐条逐项地运笔行文。 4 微技能2 正确使用标点符号和大小写 ▶常见标点符号的正确运用 1.句号：用于结束一个完整的陈述句。 2.逗号：用于分隔句子中的元素，如列举、插入语或修饰语等。 3.问号：用于提问，如：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句 和反意疑问句。 5 4.感叹号：用于感叹句后，表达强烈的情感，如：惊讶、兴奋或 警告。 5.书名号：英语中没有汉语书名号对应的标点符号，标明书籍、 报刊、戏剧、电影、绘画等作品的名称时，通常采用斜体。 6.省略号：英语省略号只有三个点，且位置在下边，即（…）。 ▶常见需要大写首字母的情况 1.专有名词：人名、地名、机构名等专有名词的首字母需要大写。 6 2.句首单词：每个句子的第一个单词的首字母需要大写。 3.缩写：缩写词的每个字母通常都大写。 4.代词：I（我）是唯一需要始终大写的代词。 5.月份和星期：月份和星期的名称首字母需要大写。 7 技巧训练 句子改错 1.Does your friend like salad. _______ 2.How happy the children are in the garden. _______ 3.Clara has gone to work, She will be back at five o’clock. _______ 4.take the medicine and rest for a few days. ______________ .改为? .改为! ,改为. take改为Take 8 5.Tom likes tuesday because he has an art lesson on that day. ___________________ 6.Neither Tony nor Frank likes the cd very much. ___________ tuesday改为Tuesday cd改为CD 微技能3 如何写出正确的句子 ▶句子成分 成分 作用 位置 例句 主语 动作的执行 者、事物或被 描述的对象 放在句 首，动词 之前 I love my mother. 谓语 对主语的行为 和状态加以陈 述 主语后 The teacher praised me. I can dance. 10 成分 作用 位置 例句 宾语 动作的对象或 承受者 动词或介词后 John likes singing. 宾语 补足 语 补充说明宾语 的动作、身份 或状态等 宾语后 I find this story interesting. 续表 11 成分 作用 位置 例句 表语 说明主语的性 质、状态或特 征 系动词之后 She is my mother. 定语 对名词或代词 进行修饰或限 定的词、词组 或句子 一般放在所修饰的成 分之前;不定式、短语 或从句放在所修饰的 成分之后 The woman with a baby in her arms is my mother. 续表 12 成分 作用 位置 例句 状语 表示动作的时 间、地点、方 式、原因、目 的等，用于修 饰动词、形容 词、副词或句 子 位置灵活：一般修饰 形容词或副词时放在 其前，修饰动词时， 通常放在其后,如果是 不及物动词，副词可 放在句首或句末，若 修饰整个句子，通常 放在句子的开头或句 末 I love my mother deeply. 续表 13 成分 作用 位置 例句 同位 语 一个名词对另 一个名词或代 词进行解释或 补充说明 名词或代词之后 We students should study hard. 续表 14 ▶需要排查的常见错误类型 1.语法错误 ①检查句子结构是否正确。如： The environment in our school is become better and better. （×，出现了两个谓语动词，不符合英语的语法习惯） The environment in our school is becoming better and better. （√） 15 ②检查句子是否连贯。如： This book, it is an important gift from my father.（×，This book与逗号后的it不连贯） This book is an important gift from my father.（√） ③检查词性使用是否正确。如： Bob thinks helping others can bring him happy.（×，bring him 后接名词，happy是形容词） Bob thinks helping others can bring him happiness.（√） 16 ④名词使用注意事项：不可数名词无复数形式、可数名词单数形 式不能单独出现（可以出现的形式：可数名词复数；a/an/the/其 他修饰词+可数名词单数/复数）、上下文形式应一致等。如： What a nice weather we are having today!（×，weather是不可 数名词，前面不能用冠词a） What nice weather we are having today!（√） 17 ⑤动词使用注意事项：不同语境下，应注意使用正确形式、动词 与主语在人称和数上应保持一致。如： When Li Hua sees these plastic bottles, he picked them up. （×，表示过去的事情，应用一般过去时） When Li Hua saw these plastic bottles, he picked them up.（√） ⑥情态动词使用注意事项：情态动词后跟动词原形。如： The boy can sings very well.（×，can后接动词原形） The boy can sing very well.（√） 18 动词的使用最为复杂，考生在检查时，应注意时态、语态、 词形、及物动词/不及物动词、实义动词/连系动词、瞬间动词、 延续性动词、谓语动词/非谓语动词的正确使用。 ⑦形容词/副词使用注意事项：辨明在句中所作成分，选用正确 形式、比较等级形式正确。如： I always finish my homework careful.（×，作状语，修饰动词 finish应用副词） I always finish my homework carefully.（√） 19 ⑧介词使用注意事项：辨明各介词的用法、辨明介词to与动词不 定式to。如： Huang Yuting was born in September 3, 2006, in Taizhou, Zhejiang.（×，具体日期前用介词on） Huang Yuting was born on September 3, 2006, in Taizhou, Zhejiang.（√） ⑨连词使用注意事项：根据语境使用正确的连词。如： I will go to the UK I am sure I will have a good time there. （×，两个完整的句子应用连词连接） I will go to the UK and I am sure I will have a good time there.（√） 20 ⑩代词使用注意事项：形式正确、语法正确、避免指代不清。如： Jack and Tom are good friends because he is always friendly. （×，he指代不清） Jack and Tom are good friends because they are always friendly to each other.（√） 21 ⑪冠词使用注意事项：注意冠词的缺失或多余、注意a，an，the 用法的区别、注意冠词的固定搭配。如： When I was in Qinhuangdao, I had a great time with kind girl. （×，girl是可数名词单数，空前无限定词，应加冠词） When I was in Qinhuangdao, I had a great time with a/the kind girl.（√，a表示“一个”；the表示特指） 22 ⑫数词使用注意事项：基数词与序数词的正确使用、序数词前必 须加the/其他限定词、概数词是否加-s。如： Thousand of people went to Chongqing Zoo to celebrate two pandas’ birthday on July 22, 2024.（×，表示概数，后接of时， thousand需加s） Thousands of people went to Chongqing Zoo to celebrate two pandas’ birthday on July 22, 2024.（√） 23 ⑬复合句使用注意事项：引导词/连接词使用正确、主谓一致、 从句结构完整。如： I hope what you can enjoy yourself when you are here. （×，宾语从句不缺成分，引导词应用that） I hope that you can enjoy yourself when you are here.（√） 24 ⑭固定搭配使用注意事项:注意动词、介词等固定用法是否使用 正确。如： He suggested to go there on his bike.（×，suggest doing sth.为 suggest的固定用法） He suggested going there on his bike.（√） 语法错误的种类繁多，但在此仅列举一些关键的注意事项和 错误示例，以供参考。学生可结合课堂精讲册第二部分内容，扎 实掌握初中阶段的语法知识，并在实际的试题训练中加以应用， 以预防和纠正语法错误。 25 技巧训练 句子改错 1.My uncle is play basketball now.________________ 2.Jane often fly a kite with her classmates. ___________ 3.It’s nice for you to help me with my English. __________ 4.There are some restaurant near the park. __________________ __________ 5.Dave has already wrote a letter to his mother. _____________ _______ play改为playing fly改为flies for改为of restaurant改为restaurants wrote改为written 26 6.The boy is real a smart and hard-working student. ______________ 7.Jenny is such a kind and helpful person and we all like she.___________ 8.His six-year-old daughter wants learn to ride a bike. ______________ 9.Tom usually goes to school by the bike. ________ 10.I fed some sheeps this morning. ________________ real改为really she改为her 在learn前加to 删掉the sheeps改为sheep 27 11.The nurse was exciting to see the scientist in her office.__________________ 12.I’m not sure if he will come on time or not. _______ _______ 13.It is much cold than it was yesterday. _______________ 14.What a good advice it is! _______ 15.Country music sounds beautiful and many people enjoy to listen to it. ____________________ exciting改为excited if改为whether cold改为colder 删掉a to listen改为listening 28 16.September is the nine month of the year. ______________ 17.She can play the piano and she can’t play it well._________ ___ 18.To my surprised, they helped me find my lost bike. _____________________ 19.You can keeps this book for 14 days. _______________ 20.About two hundreds people come to the National Park on sunny days._____________________ nine改为ninth and改为but surprised改为surprise keeps改为keep hundreds改为hundred 29 2.语意不通 语意不通错误通常指的是句子或段落在逻辑上不连贯，或者 表达的意思不清晰，针对此类问题，学生应注意语法结构的正确 运用、词汇的正确选择。 I’m Li Hua, a student who notices the school environment. （×，notice选词错误） I’m Li Hua, a student who cares about the school environment.（√） 30 技巧训练 句子改错 1.How long is it from here to your home? ____________ 2.I hurt myself when I played basketball the day after yesterday. _______________ 3.We could visit the happy kids in the hospital to cheer them up. ______________ 4.I forgot my homework at home. What should I do?______________ long改为far after改为before happy改为sick forgot改为left 31 3.母语干扰错误 中文的语法、词汇或表达习惯会对英语使用产生干扰。在写 作中应注意以下事项： ①注意语法结构差异：My school not far from my home. （×，英语中完整的句子需要有谓语动词/连系动词，此处应在 not前加is） ②注意词汇的正确选择：I think the price of this car is very expensive.（×，英语中表示价格昂贵，不能用expensive修饰price， 要用high） 32 ③注意语序：I very much like this bike.（×，根据英语表达习 惯，应改为I like this bike very much.） 33 技巧训练 句子改错 1.I hate the crowded traffic on weekends. ___________________ __________ 2.Betty is fifteen years old. She is enough old to look after herself. __________________________ 3.Enjoy reading books, children! You can study more knowledge._____________ crowded改为 busy/heavy enough old改为old enough study改为get 34 4.The animals in the cartoon strong and they have really big noses. ______________ strong前加are 35 微技能4 如何拓展写作内容 ▶扩写原因 用来表示原因的词（组）/结构有：because， because of, for, since, as, thanks to, for the reason that…等。如： I am looking forward to the coming weekend. →I am looking forward to the coming weekend because/as/for my good friend will arrive in Shijia-zhuang on Saturday morning. 36 ▶扩写事例 用来引出例子的词（组）/结构有：for example, such as, like…, Let’s take…for example等。如： Playing basketball has many advantages. →Playing basketball has many advantages. For example, it can make us become healthier. 37 ▶扩写条件 用来表示条件的词（组）有：if， unless， as long as等。 如： You can go shopping with us this Sunday. →If you want to buy a nice present for your sister, you can go shopping with us this Sunday. 38 ▶扩写目的 用来表示目的的词组/结构有：so that, in order that, in order to, so as to…，动词不定式等。如： I have made up my mind to study hard. →I have made up my mind to study hard so that I can realize my dream of being a scientist. 39 ▶扩写结果 用来表示结果的词（组）/结构有：so, therefore, as a result, so/such…that…等。如： Helen wants to do something nice for the environment. →Helen wants to do something nice for the environment, therefore,/so she joins this club. 40 so后接句子时，不用逗号。therefore后接句子时，需用逗号 隔开。 41 ▶扩写想法 用来表示想法的词组有：in my opinion， from my point of view， as for me等。如： There are many good ways to learn English well. →There are many good ways to learn English well. However，in my opinion/from my point of view/as for me， reading interesting English storybooks is the best way. 42 技巧训练 1.I want to be a teacher in the future. （用because表原因扩写 句子） ________________________________________________________ ______________ I want to be a teacher in the future because I like being with children. 2.We can do many things to help those poor children. （用for example列举示例扩写句子） ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ We can do many things to help those poor children. For example, we can raise some money to buy books for them. 43 3.You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country. （用unless表条件扩写句子） ________________________________________________________ ______________________________ You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country unless you go there in person. 4.Spend more time talking with your parents.（用so that表目的 扩写句子） ________________________________________________________ _______________________ Spend more time talking with your parents so that they can understand you better. 44 5.The village is becoming beautiful.（用so…that…表结果扩写句 子） ________________________________________________________ ______________________ The village is becoming so beautiful that a lot of tourists come here every year. 6.I don’t understand some people when they throw the rubbish everywhere. （用in my opinion表达想法扩写句子） ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ______________ I don’t understand some people when they throw the rubbish everywhere. In my opinion, we should protect the environment. 45 微技能5 语言的丰富性 ▶技巧1 巧用复合句 状语从句 在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫状语从句。以下为常见的状 语从句类型及引导词（组）： 46 从句类型 引导词（组）/结构 时间状语从句 when/as/while当……时 after在……之后 before在……之前 until/till直到…… since 自从 as soon as一……就…… whenever 无论何时 47 从句类型 引导词（组）/结构 条件状语从句 if如果 unless除非 as/so long as只要 once一旦 让步状语从句 though/although尽管,虽然 even though/if即使 whatever无论什么 wherever无论哪里 whoever无论是谁 续表 48 从句类型 引导词（组）/结构 原因状语从句 because因为 as由于 since既然 for因为 结果状语从句 so/such…that… 如此……以至于…… 目的状语从句 so that以便 in order that为了 方式状语从句 as正如 as if似乎 续表 49 如：My brother is only eleven years old. He can already share housework on weekends.→Though/Although my brother is only eleven years old, he can already share housework on weekends. 虽然我弟弟只有11岁，但他已经能在周末分担家务了。 50 技巧训练 1.You try your best. I am proud of you.（用as long as升格句子） ___________________________________________________ As long as you try your best, I will be proud of you. 2.The girl was sad. She couldn’t say a word.（用so…that…升格 句子） ________________________________________________ The girl was so sad that she couldn’t say a word. 51 3.We spent different holidays. We enjoyed ourselves. （用although升格句子） ________________________________________________________ Although we spent different holidays, we enjoyed ourselves. 4.I’ll visit my grandparents. The summer holiday begins this year.（用as soon as升格句子） ________________________________________________________ _________________ I’ll visit my grandparents as soon as the summer holiday begins this year. 52 5.Everyone in our team trains hard. We can win the basketball match.（用in order that升格句子） ________________________________________________________ ______________________ Everyone in our team trains hard in order that we can win the basketball match. 53 宾语从句 在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句， 宾语从句必须是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。 常见的连接词有从属连词that， whether， if；连接代词what， who， whom， whose， which等；连接副词when， where， how， why等。如：I believe that you can achieve your dream by working hard. 我相信你可以通过努力实现你的梦想。 54 技巧训练 1.How do you learn English? I want to know your ways. （用how引导的宾语从句升格句子） ______________________________________ I want to know how you learn English. 2.What did you do to make your dream come true? （用He asked me…开头升格为宾语从句） _____________________________________________________ He asked me what I did to make my dream come true. 55 3.Doing housework helps children develop their self-care ability. （用“I wonder+宾语从句的引导词”升格句子） ________________________________________________________ _____________________ I wonder if/whether doing housework helps children develop their self-care ability. 4.Our teacher will lead us to a more colorful and wonderful future.（用“I believe+宾语从句的引导词”升格句子） ________________________________________________________ ______________________ I believe that our teacher will lead us to a more colorful and wonderful future. 56 5.我希望我的建议可以帮助你与父母保持良好的关系。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ I hope （that） my suggestions/advice can help you have a good relationship with your parents. 57 定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定 语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后，被定语从句修饰的 词叫先行词。两个句子由关系词连接起来，常见引导定语从句的 关系词有： 1.若先行词为人，且定语从句缺主语或宾语：定语从句由 who， whom， that引导，如：My sister is the girl who/that is standing under the tree. 我姐姐就是站在树下的那个女孩。 （先行词是the girl， 指人，定语从句缺少主语，用who/that引导） 58 2.若先行词为物，且定语从句缺主语或宾语：定语从句由 that， which引导。如：I saw a tree that/which has many beautiful flowers in that village. 我在那个村子里看到了一棵开 满漂亮花朵的树。（先行词是a tree,指物，定语从句缺少主语， 用that/which引导） 59 技巧训练 1.Miss Li is my teacher. She has helped me a lot during the past three years.（用who引导的定语从句升格句子） ________________________________________________________ _________________ Miss Li is my teacher who has helped me a lot during the past three years. 2.I still remember the days. We lived in the countryside ten years ago.（用that引导的定语从句升格句子） ________________________________________________________ _______________ I still remember the days that we lived in the countryside ten years ago. 60 3.He is a students. He likes playing basketball after school. （用who/that引导的定语从句升格句子） ________________________________________________________ ___ He is a student who/that likes playing basketball after school. 4.我那个很有幽默感的朋友总是让我开怀大笑。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ ___________ My friend who has a great sense of humor always makes me laugh. 5.那个有着悠久历史的城市吸引了很多游客。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________ The city which has a long history attracts many tourists. 61 ▶技巧2 增加句式多样性 感叹句五大结构 结构 例句 What+形容词+不可数名词 （+主语+谓语/系动词） What sweet water it is！多么甜 的水呀！ What+a/an+形容词+可数名词 单数（+主语+谓语/系动词） What a kind girl she is！她是一 个多么善良的女孩呀！ What+形容词+可数名词复数 （+主语+谓语/系动词） What kind girls they are！她们是 多么善良的女孩啊！ 62 结构 例句 How+形容词/副词 （+主语+谓语/系动词） How beautifully she dances！她跳 舞多么优美呀！ How+主语+谓语 How time flies！时光飞逝！ 续表 63 技巧训练 1.It’s a fine day today.（用感叹句升格句子） _______________________ What a fine day today! 2.Miss Bai is kind and caring.（用感叹句升格句子） _________________________________ How kind and caring Miss Bai is! 3.We had great fun yesterday.（用感叹句升格句子） _________________________________ What great fun we had yesterday! 64 4.吉姆给了我们多么有用的建议啊！（英译汉） ____________________________________ What useful suggestions Jim gave us! 5.他们为这个活动准备得真好啊！（英译汉） ____________________________________________ How well they have prepared for the activity! 65 it作形式主语 1.It seems that… 好像/似乎…… 如：It seems that there is going to be a heavy rain. 看来要下大雨了。 2. It takes/took （sb.）+一段时间+to do sth. 做某事花费 （某人）……时间。如：It took me four weeks to finish reading this book. 我花四个星期读完了这本书。 66 3. It’s+adj.（+for/of sb.）+to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说） 是……/（某人）做某事是……如：It’s difficult for me to keep exercising in the morning， but I will try to do it. 对我来说， 坚持在早上锻炼是困难的，但是我会尽量坚持。 4. It’s+adj.+that 从句,……是……的。如： It’s exciting that Quan Hongchan is coming to our city. 全红婵要来我们城市了， 真令人激动。 67 5. It is said/reported/believed that…据说/据报道/人们相信…… 如：It is believed that exercise is good for health.人们相信运动 对健康有益。 68 it作形式宾语 find, make, consider, feel等词后接的宾语为从句或动词不定 式时，常用it作形式宾语， 真正的宾语（从句/动词不定式）后 置。如：I find it interesting to travel to Qinhuangdao. 我觉得去 秦皇岛旅游很有趣。 69 技巧训练 1.Amy helps her classmates. She considers it as her duty. （用it作形式宾语升格句子） ________________________________________________ Amy considers it her duty to help her classmates. 2.Learning maths well is difficult for me, but I will keep trying my best.（用it作形式主语升格句子） ________________________________________________________ ________________ It is difficult for me to learn maths well, but I will keep trying my best. 70 3.我觉得利用这个软件学英语很有趣。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ I find it interesting to learn English by using this app. 4.学习第二语言很重要。（汉译英） ________________________________________ It’s important to learn a second language. 71 微技能6 语言表达的逻辑性 灵活运用关联词（组）/结构可以使文章条理清楚、连贯通 顺。写作中常用的关联词（组）/结构有： 类别 关联词（组）/结构 顺序 first（ly）, second（ly）, third（ly）, above all, first of all, in the first place,to begin/start with, next, then, meanwhile, finally, in the end, at last, last but not least 72 类别 关联词（组）/结构 并列/ 选择 and, also, as well, or, too, not only…but also, both…and…, either…or…, neither…nor… 递进 besides, moreover, in addition, what’s more, what’s worse 转折 but, however, yet, instead, rather than 让步 although/though, even if/though 续表 73 类别 关联词（组）/结构 对比 instead, different from, on the one hand…, on the other hand… 原因 because, because of, since, as, for, thanks to, for this reason 结果 so, therefore, as a result, so…that…, such…that… 条件 if, unless, as/so long as 续表 类别 关联词（组）/结构 时间 when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, at the same time, at the moment, at present, in a few minutes/hours/days 举例 like, for example, such as, take…for example/as an example 解释 in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, to tell the truth, to be honest 续表 75 类别 关联词（组）/结构 总结 in a word, in general, in short, above all, generally speaking, at last, as a result 续表 技巧训练 1.Jim can play basketball well. Jim can play the violin well. （用not only…but also…升格句子） ________________________________________________________ ____________ Jim can not only play basketball well, but also play the violin well. 2.Bicycling makes us healthy. And it doesn’t pollute the air. （用what’s more升格句子） ________________________________________________________ ________ Bicycling makes us healthy. What’s more, it doesn’t pollute the air. 77 3.We must study hard. We should learn to relax.（用on the one hand…on the other hand…升格句子） ________________________________________________________ _________________________ On the one hand, we must study hard. On the other hand, we should learn to relax. 4.Helen seldom gets angry. Helen has to wait for a long time. （用even if升格句子） ________________________________________________________ ______ Helen seldom gets angry even if she has to wait for a long time. 78 5.多亏了政府，我们的生活在过去的几年里有了很大的改善。 （汉译英） ________________________________________________________ ___________________ Thanks to the government, our life has improved a lot in the past few years. 79 80 $$