专题-J811 Unit 1 What's the matter？ 阅读理解【题型易-考试题型精练】八年级下册英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（人教版Go for it!）

八年级下册 单元话题 梯度训练 专题-J811阅读理解 初中英语八年级下册 题型特训 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 A car accident in the heavy snow Process (过程) of the accident A car crashed into a tree. Some people were trapped in the car. Weather conditions There was a heavy snow. Date of call December 29, 2020 Time of call 9:30 p.m. Name of caller Mrs. Green Place Yonghuai Road, Huai’an Conditions of victims (受害人状况) Mr. Green hurt his head. Mrs. Green hurt her left leg. Their daughter felt frightened. Action Policemen arrived at 9:40 p.m. and sent them to Renmin Hospital at 9:45 p.m. 1.What time did Mrs. Green call the police? A．At 9:30 a.m. B．At 9:30 p.m. C．At 9:40 p.m. D．At 9:45 p.m. 2.How many people were trapped in the car? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3.What was the weather like that day? A．It was sunny. B．It was snowy. C．It was cloudy. D．It was rainy. 4.How did Mr Green’s daughter feel at that time? A．Surprised. B．Frightened. C．Crazy. D．Bored. 5.Which of the following is TRUE? A．The car crashed into a wall. B．Their daughter hurt her leg and was sent to the hospital. C．The car accident happened on Yonghuai Road, Huai’an. D．The policemen arrived half an hour later and sent the victims to the hospital. Passage 2 It was about five o’clock in the afternoon. Tom was on his way home after school. It was cloudy. He was walking on May Road. Suddenly (突然), he saw a small yellow car coming very fast. Just then, a boy was crossing the road with a girl. They were talking happily. So they didn’t see the car. The driver wanted to stop his car, but he could not. It knocked them down. The boy wasn’t hurt. He stood up by himself. Tom saw that the girl was hurt. He called the police at once. The driver got out of the car. He looked at the girl and was very worried. Soon a police car came. A policeman took the girl to the hospital. Another policeman went up to Tom. And Tom told him all about the traffic accident. 1. How was the weather that day? A．Rainy. B．Fine. C．Cloudy. 2. What was the boy doing when he was crossing the road? A．He was calling Tom. B．He was talking with a girl. C．He was listening to music. 3. Who was hurt? A．Tom. B．The girl. C．The boy. 4. What does the underlined word “worried” mean? A．担心的 B．兴奋的 C．遗憾的 5. From the passage (文章) we can know ________. A．Tom was on his way to school at that time B．the small yellow car went very fast C．Tom helped the boy to stand up Passage 3 Naomi This morning I fell over and broke my leg when playing football. The teacher took me to the hospital. The doctor asked me to stay here for three days. She said that when I get home, I must stay in bed for two more weeks. Lisa Last week I fell down while I was playing games with my friend. I hit my teeth. My mum took me to the dentist’s (牙科诊所) in her car. The dentist checked my teeth and told me to take some medicine. He said that it was nothing serious. He told me not to be worried. Nancy I went to the cinema with my parents. It was very hot in the cinema and I started to feel awful. I then fell on the floor and my mum tried to wake me up. My dad called an ambulance (救护车). A doctor came and checked some parts of my body. He said I was fine, but he also told me to go home and rest for two days. 1. How long did the doctor ask Naomi to stay in the hospital? A．For two days. B．For three days. C．For a week. D．For two weeks. 2. What’s the matter with Lisa? A．She felt sick. B．She had a cold. C．She hit her teeth. D．She broke her leg. 3. Who called the ambulance for Nancy? A．Her mum. B．Her teacher. C．Her friend. D．Her dad. 4. What did the doctor ask Nancy to do? A．To have a rest. B．To drink more water. C．To do more exercise. D．To take some medicine. 5. What do the three students talk about? A．Hobbies. B．Accidents. C．Careless mistakes. D．School subjects. Passage 4 What's the best thing to eat on a hot summer day？Quite a few people will say it is ice-cream. Yes, eating ice-cream with some fruit is a good way to cool down. But think before you eat. If your body is hot from playing sports, it s not the best time to eat ice-cream.If you eat ice-cream when your body is hot, it may give your stomach some problems, and you may get diarrhea( 腹泻). You can eat some ice cream after you cool down or have some tea. Just try not to eat too much at a time! People shouldn't eat or drink anything cold just after dinner. If you want to stay cool and healthy ,oranges, bananas and pears can help. In summer， germs（细菌） grow very fast and food goes bad easily. You should eat clean and fresh food. When you want to eat a cold dish, put some vinegar（醋）to disinfect（杀菌)it． If you can’t finish your food and want to eat it again next day, you should heat it enough to kill the germs in it. 1. What can help you cool down? A．Vinegar B．Tea C．Vegetables D．Ice-cream 2. It is the best time to eat ice-cream . A．just after dinner B．in the afternoon C．after you cool down D．when your body is very hot 3. If you , you may get diarrhea. A．eat too much food B．eat ice-cream when your body is hot C．eat some fruit after dinner D．drink lots of hot tea after dinner 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Vinegar can kill germs. B．Ice- cream can't make people cool down. C．Germs can stop food from going bad quickly. D．When you want to eat the food you don't finish, you needn't heat it. 5. What's the best title for this passage? A．How to Cool Down B．Some Useful Fruit C．Delicious Ice-cream D．Eating Right in Summer Passage 5 A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the truck driver and the taxi driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness. This is what they said. TRUCKDRIVER I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I did not stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was seriously hurt but both my truck and his taxi were damaged (受损害). TAXI DRIVER I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers to Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver did not give me a warning. I was driving very slowly. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand. Tom I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from the airport. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi driver was not looking at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something else. My friend saw the accident, too. Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. How many people are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Two. C．Four. D．Five 2. The truck was hit on the way ________. A．to the airport B．to the police station C．to Newton D．home 3. From the story, we can infer (推断) that ________ didn’t tell the truth. A．the truck driver B．Tom C．Tom’s friend D．the taxi driver 4. The underlined word “witness” means “ ________ ” in Chinese. A．记录员 B．目击者 C．检查员 D．陪审团 5. What’s the best title for this passage? A．A Traffic Accident B．A Taxi Driver C．A Story of Tom D．A Truck Driver 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 Mr Smith works in an office. He is very busy and has no time to have a good rest. Every evening, when he comes back from his office, he's always tired and wants to go to bed ear-ly. But his wife often has a lot of interesting things to tell him after supper. She doesn't stop talking until she falls asleep. But it's usually too late and Mr Smith has to get up in time in the morning when she Is asleep. One day the man felt terrible and couldn't go to work. He decided to go to see a doctor. And Mrs Smith went to the hospital with him. Before her husband said what was the matter with him, the woman had told the doctor all and the man understood why. He wrote out a prescription(处方). And when Mr Smith brought the medicine to the room, the doctor said to Mrs Smith, "The bottle of medicine is for your husband and the pills are for you.” “For me? "the woman said in surprise. "I’m fine. I don't need any medicine! " "I don't think so, madam, "said the doctor. "They are sleeping pills, Your husband will soon be all right if you take them.” 1. Where does Mr Smith work? A．A school B．An office C．A farm D．A factory 2. What does Mr Smith want to do after work? A．Go to bed early B．Talk to his wife C．Take a walk with his wife D．Go to a movie. 3. Why couldn’t Mr Smith go to work one day? A．Because he didn't want to work. B．Because his wife didn't let him go C．Because he felt ill. D．Because he was too tired to go to work. 4. The underlined word"pills"means in Chinese? A．糖果 B．饼干 C．药片 D．酒精 5. Why did the doctor give some pills to the wife? A．Because she was ill. B．Because she doesn’t sleep well C．Because the doctor wanted her to sleep early and not talk too much D．Because the doctor was ill. Passage 7 I’m on the road a lot for my job and have seen in lots of accidents. One day, I was heading to a far-away town. To get there, I had to take a busy road that had a lot of blind curves (弯道) and hills. I made my way around a curve and down a hill when I saw a car in my lane (车道) suddenly move into the other lane. It caused the cars in the other lane to slam (猛踩) their brakes (刹车). In return, the cars behind them slammed their brakes as well. Still, some of the cars hit each other and caused accidents on the road. After a while, things were almost cleaned up. All the cars drove away. Still, I saw a big rock lying in the road. I thought I’d move it to stop similar accidents from happening again. And just as I got out of my car to pick it up, I saw a guy on the other side of the road running along the highway (公路) to pick up the same rock. I watched him put it in the bed of his truck (卡车). The rock wasn’t in his lane and he still picked it up. I guess it was just nice to see someone else go out of their way to do something for other people, knowing he wouldn’t get a thank you. So thanks man, whoever you are. 1. How does the writer usually go to work? A．Take a bus. B．Drive a car. C．Walk. D．Take a subway. 2. What was the cause of the accidents? A．There were a lot of blind curves on the road. B．One car suddenly moved into another lane. C．The car in the other lane was out of control. D．One car hit a big rock in the middle of the road. 3. What did the writer want to do after all the cars left? A．Stop the cars from leaving. B．Move the rock. C．Find somebody else to come and help. D．Find out how the accidents happened. 4. Why did one driver remove the rock? A．Because the rock was in his lane. B．Because he wanted someone to thank him. C．Because he wanted to stop similar accident. D．Because it was his job to clear the road 5. In this story, the writer encourages (鼓励) readers to ________. A．act rather than speak B．do good things in exchange for payment C．try to do nice things for others D．watch out for accidents Passage 8 Trump smoked heavily. He got lung cancer when he was sixty years old. He only had six months to live. His chance for recovery was 1 in 500.He lived in Baldwin Street, in New Zealand, a very special street in the world. What he did with cancer was also special. He could see the worry, depression and anger in his life. He wondered, “If illness can be caused by negativity(消极性), can wellness be created by positivity？” He decided to make an experiment of himself. Laughing was one of the most positive activities he knew. He watched all the funny movies he could find. He read funny stories. He enjoyed talk shows and cross talks. He asked his friends to call him whenever they said, heard or did something funny. And he also told jokes to his friends and his family. He even built a club called “Laugh and Life”. At first, his pain was so great that he could not sleep. Then, he found laughing for 10 minutes could relieve the pain(减轻疼痛) for several hours so he could sleep. He fully recovered from his illness and lived another 20 happy and healthy years in the end. He thought his success was because of the love of his family and friends, and laughing. So, if you like laughing, do it as often as you can in your life. If you don't like laughing, then take your medicine—laugh anyway. 1. Where did Trump live? A．In Baldwin Street. B．In New Street. C．In Wall Street. 2. From the passage we know Trump _____. A．drank too much B．was very handsome C．had a strong will 3. “Laugh and Life” is a ______. A．school B．club C．company 4. How old was Trump when he died? A．61. B．70. C．80. 5. What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Enough sleep is important. B．Laughing is the best medicine. C．Activities are useful. Passage 9 You may have heard of people who are allergic (过敏) to seafood, smoke or pets.But did you know that some people were allergic to Wi­Fi signals? Rose White, a 44­year­old woman from Britain, first found herself being allergic to Wi­Fi signals in 2015. She had a cough, heart trouble and great pains in her head when she stayed in the places covered with Wi­Fi signals. Rose has tried many ways to keep away from Wi­Fi signals.In the past six months, she either slept in her car or in tents which she had put up in the woodland and in the fields.She even tried sleeping in a shed(棚子).Being completely tired, Rose had no choice but to quit her job and moved 370 kilometers away from her home to avoid Wi­Fi signals, but failed.Because of the hard life, she got a stomachache. She is now living in a small house in the rural (乡下的) areas in England.There are far fewer Wi­Fi signals.However, the house, which belongs to her friend, will be sold to others, so she has to move again soon. Rose is planning to move to a more rural area.She is also planning to buy a camper van(野营车) so that she can drive away from Wi­Fi signals whenever she is feeling uncomfortable.As she cannot work to make money, she has to raise money online.She is hoping to raise 15，000 pounds.So far, she has raised over 1，600 pounds.She still has a long way to go. 1. Which is not Rose's allergic symptom(症状)? A．A cough. B．Heart trouble. C．A headache. D．A stomachache. 2. What did Rose do to keep away from Wi­Fi signals? A．She slept in a tent in the woodland. B．She bought a small house in the countryside. C．She moved to a more rural area. D．She bought a camper van. 3. The underlined word “quit” in Paragraph 3 means “________”. A．leave B．begin C．change D．continue 4. Why does she have to move again soon? A．Because the place she lives in is near the Wi­Fi signals. B．Because her friend decides to sell the house. C．Because she wants to move to a new place. D．Because she tries to find a job in a more rural area. 5. What does the sentence “She still has a long way to go.” in the last paragraph refer to(指的是)? A．She will live long. B．It's not easy for her to raise enough money. C．There will be a lot of difficulties for her to deal with. D．It's difficult for her to find a place without Wi­Fi signals. Passage 10 Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep. They say more Americans need to take a nap—that is to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They give people advice to sleep lightly before continuing with other activities. The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure. Some European and Latin American companies have supported the idea of napping for many years. They ask people to leave work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest simply in their offices. They believe this can help workers make fewer mistakes and also increase the amount of work that a person can do. Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy. And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day. But experts said that a nap should last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be difficult. 1. This passage is probably taken from ___________. A．a story book B．a poster C．a science fiction D．medical magazine 2. What’s the best way to increase workers’ effects? A．Talking with friends. B．Doing relaxing exercises. C．Laughing, smiling and crying. D．Having a rest for twenty or thirty minutes. 3. What will happen to the workers if they keep on working without any rest? A．They will get a lot of money. B．They will fail in their jobs and even cause a lot of trouble. C．They will live a happy life in the future. D．They will feel better after finishing everyday jobs. 4. The meaning of the underlined word “reducing” in the first paragraph is “__________”. A．加大 B．缓解 C．产生 D．制造 5. The passage mainly talks about____________ . A．taking a nap during the day B．the disadvantages of taking a nap C．Americans who don’t have a nap during the weekends D．the advantages of deep sleep 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps we should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid (急救) if the wound is serious. Broken bones (骨头): Take away clothing from the wound. Use an ice pack. Don’t move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive. Animal bites (咬伤): Wash the bite area with soap and water. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once. Fainting (昏厥): Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little. Don’t move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall. Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. Clean the person’s face with a cool cloth. Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted (倾斜) forward a little. Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch (捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes. 1. What should we do first when an animal bite happens? A．Put an ice pack on the wound. B．Wash the bite area with soap and water. C．Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth. D．Take the hurt person to the hospital. 2. When dealing with the problems of ________, we shouldn’t move the hurt. A．broken bones and animal bites B．animal bites and nosebleeds C．broken bones and fainting D．fainting and nosebleeds 3. Which of the following is NOT right when a boy’s nosebleeds? A．Let his head not tilt back. B．Let his head tilt forward a little. C．Let him sit up. D．Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes. 4. Which part of a magazine may the passage come from? A．Lifestyle. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Education. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A．First aid for some accidental wounds. B．Steps of looking for medical care. C．Advice on ways not to get hurt. D．Ways to ask for help in getting hurt. Passage 12 “Thanks to Xia Juan, or I will die,” Mr Wang said to the reporter (记者). “The girl saved my family and me. What a kind and brave girl!” This story happened in 2020, but people in Nanchang will always remember that day. At 0:30 am, Xia Juan woke up suddenly (忽然地) because she knew the mid-term exam (期中考试) was coming the next day. She forgot to go over her lessons. She was reading her textbook when she smelt something bad and saw some smoke (烟) in her house. She felt surprised and found out what happened. Something was burning (燃烧的) in the kitchen of their neighbour’s house, and the fire was becoming bigger and bigger. She rushed into her grandparents’ bedroom to wake them up. They ran out of the house without getting anything. She felt very frightened (害怕的) but she knew she had to help the Wangs. They are always nice to her. She rushed to their house and shouted loudly, “Wake up! Wake up! Fire! Fire!” She made very loud noise. Finally, she woke up the Wang family and helped them run out of their house. Two of them got hurt (受伤). The other three heard the noise and then helped to send them to the hospital. Thanks to this brave girl, nobody died. 1. When did the story happen? A．A year ago. B．Two years ago. C．Four years ago. D．Four months ago. 2. Why did Xia Juan wake up at 0:30 am that day? A．Because her grandparents woke her up. B．Because it rained heavily and woke her up. C．Because she was hungry and wanted to eat some food. D．Because she wanted to go over her lessons for the mid-term exam. 3. What did Xia Juan take with her when she left the house in a hurry? A．Her textbooks. B．Nothing. C．Some clothes. D．Some money. 4. What were the Wang family doing when Xia Juan rushed to their house? A．They were cooking. B．They were sleeping. C．They were having a party. D．They were doing some cleaning. 5. How many people died in the fire? A．Two. B．Three. C．Five. D．No one. Passage 13 Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is a great mountain climber. She has climbed 14 of the world’s highest mountains. Most climbers need extra oxygen (额外的氧气) to reach the top of these mountains. However, Kaltenbrunner is the first woman to climb all 14 mountains without extra oxygen. Kaltenbrunner started climbing when she was growing up in the mountains of Austria. At 13 years old, she climbed her first big mountain, Sturzhahn. She became a nurse, but always had a passion for climbing. 32-year-old Kaltenbrunner climbed her fourth big mountain, Nanga Parbat in Pakistan, and later became a full-time (全职的) mountain climber. In 2007, Kaltenbrunner had an accident (事故) when climbing Dhaulagiri in Nepal. She was inside her tent when an avalanche struck (雪崩发生). When it stopped, it was very dark and she didn’t know where she was. She cut a hole in her tent with a small knife. Slowly, Kaltenbrunner got out of the snow. After the accident, Kaltenbrunner said, “I couldn’t stop climbing. This is my life.” She climbed the 14th mountain, K2 between Pakistan and China. Facing many problems, Kaltenbrunner still never thought of giving up. “If you really love something, you’ll find a way to do it,” she said. 1. Who is Kaltenbrunner? A．The first woman to climb the most mountains. B．The first woman to climb the world’s highest mountain. C．The first woman to give up a job to be a full-time mountain climber. D．The first woman to use no extra oxygen to climb 14 of the world’s highest mountains. 2. What does the underlined word “passion” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Love. B．Surprise. C．Place. D．Question. 3. What do we know about the accident in 2007? A．It happened at night. B．It happened in Pakistan. C．Kaltenbrunner hurt her legs in it. D．Kaltenbrunner saved herself from it. 4. Which mountain did Kaltenbrunner climb after her climbing accident? A．K2. B．Sturzhahn. C．Dhaulagiri. D．Nanga Parbat. 5. What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Kaltenbrunner’s climbing accident. B．Why Kaltenbrunner loves climbing. C．Kaltenbrunner’s climbing experiences. D．How Kaltenbrunner became a great climber. Passage 14 Several years ago, I spent most of my time at a mental hospital (精神病院) in our town. I found much joy there. At first it was a little scary to be there, but I stayed on, because I had a reason for doing this. I volunteered in a locked-up (封闭的) environment. To my surprise, I found that a friend of my parents’ was a patient in this hospital. I knew, when I was a baby, this woman wanted to keep me because she had no children. I looked after this woman and showed my old photos to her. Finally, she was able to remember some old things, and she said to me one day, “Dear, you should not come here.” But I wanted to bring something happy into this woman’s life. I learned that because she had no family, she couldn’t leave here and go home. So I brought her to my home twice and I still remembered the happy smile on her face. I have never forgotten this volunteering experience. This woman later passed away. I can’t see her anymore, but I’m happy that I have done something to make a difference in another person’s life. 1. How did the writer feel at first when working in the mental hospital? A．Bored. B．Afraid. C．Interested. D．Comfortable. 2. Why couldn’t the woman leave the hospital? A．Because she couldn’t remember anything. B．Because she couldn’t look after herself. C．Because she didn’t have any family. D．Because she didn’t want to leave. 3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The woman was the writer’s parents’ friend. B．With the help of the writer, the woman could remember something old. C．The woman saw the writer’s old photos. D．The writer went to the woman’s home twice. 4. The underlined phrase “passed away” means “__________” in Chinese. A．去世 B．逃离 C．居住 D．幸存 5. What is the best title for this passage? A．An unlucky woman B．A special hospital C．My parents’ friend D．My volunteering experience Passage 15 Recently, China’s Ministry of Education has asked all public schools to teach students First aid especially CPR as part of children’s health education. There are as many as 550,000 sudden cardiac deaths in China every year. About 60 percent of these deaths happen outside hospitals. In November 2019, 35-year-old Taiwan model-actor Godfrey Gao dies after he suddenly fell while filming a reality show. Although he was rushed to the hospital, he still died from sudden cardiac arrest. His deaths caused a heated discussion . CPR is one of the first and most useful methods of treating cardiac arrest, according to medical experts, most patients will begin to develop brain damage within four to six minutes after cardiac arrest, and then biological death within a few minutes. However, in China, besides medical workers, the number of people who have received first aid training is only about one percent of the public. As early as 1966,the US has advised the public to receive CPR training, including police officers, drivers, firefighters, teachers and students of colleges colleges and secondary schools. In Europe, Switzerland requires all citizens to be trained in first aid, including CPR. And in Germany, every citizen must be trained before getting a driver’s license. Forty percent of people in France are also trained in first aid. According to Guo Malong, a doctor in Henan, a CPR lesson can be completed in anything from 45 minutes to 2 hours depending on what’s included. Basic first aid lessons can be completed in just 30 minutes, which doesn’t cost students too much time, but will make a huge difference to others. 1. How many sudden cardiac happen outside hospital in China every year? A．About 24,750 B．About 261,250 C．About 330,000 D．About 550,000 2. The author mentions Godfrey Gao to show ________. A．how important learning CPR is B．how dangerous sudden cardiac arrest is C．all age groups may die from cardiac arrest D．all kinds of people may have cardiac arrest 3. The best time to perform CPR is within ________after one’s cardiac arrest. A．the 4-6 minutes B．the 6-8 minutes C．the 8-10 minutes D．the 10-12 minutes 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A．30% of the French have had first aid training. B．In Germany, every driver is trained in first aid. C．All students must receive CPRtraining in the US. D．People in Swizerland don’t have receive CPR training. 5. What do Guo Malong’s words mean in the last paragraph? A．It’s easy and possible to teach CPR in school. B．Basic first aid lessons will cost too much time. C．It’s important to teach students to learn first aid. D．Every student should know diffent first aid skills. 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$专题-J811阅读理解 初中英语八年级下册 题型特训 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 A car accident in the heavy snow Process (过程) of the accident A car crashed into a tree. Some people were trapped in the car. Weather conditions There was a heavy snow. Date of call December 29, 2020 Time of call 9:30 p.m. Name of caller Mrs. Green Place Yonghuai Road, Huai’an Conditions of victims (受害人状况) Mr. Green hurt his head. Mrs. Green hurt her left leg. Their daughter felt frightened. Action Policemen arrived at 9:40 p.m. and sent them to Renmin Hospital at 9:45 p.m. 1.What time did Mrs. Green call the police? A．At 9:30 a.m. B．At 9:30 p.m. C．At 9:40 p.m. D．At 9:45 p.m. 2.How many people were trapped in the car? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3.What was the weather like that day? A．It was sunny. B．It was snowy. C．It was cloudy. D．It was rainy. 4.How did Mr Green’s daughter feel at that time? A．Surprised. B．Frightened. C．Crazy. D．Bored. 5.Which of the following is TRUE? A．The car crashed into a wall. B．Their daughter hurt her leg and was sent to the hospital. C．The car accident happened on Yonghuai Road, Huai’an. D．The policemen arrived half an hour later and sent the victims to the hospital. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文是一张交通事故记录单，记录了事故发生的时间，天气，事故原因，地点受伤人员等情况。 1. 细节理解题。根据表格中“Time of call”对应的“9:30 p.m.”可知，Mrs Green是在晚上9:30报警的。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据表格中“Conditions of victims (受害人状况)”对应的“Mr. Green”、“Mrs Green”和“Their daughter”可知，共有三人被困车中。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据表格中“Weather conditions”对应的“There was a heavy snow.”可知，事故当天下着大雪。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据表格中“Their daughter felt frightened.”可知，他们的女儿感到很害怕。故选B。 5. 细节理解题。根据表格中“Place”对应的“Yonghuai Road, Huai’an”可知，事故发生在淮安市永怀路。故选C。 Passage 2 It was about five o’clock in the afternoon. Tom was on his way home after school. It was cloudy. He was walking on May Road. Suddenly (突然), he saw a small yellow car coming very fast. Just then, a boy was crossing the road with a girl. They were talking happily. So they didn’t see the car. The driver wanted to stop his car, but he could not. It knocked them down. The boy wasn’t hurt. He stood up by himself. Tom saw that the girl was hurt. He called the police at once. The driver got out of the car. He looked at the girl and was very worried. Soon a police car came. A policeman took the girl to the hospital. Another policeman went up to Tom. And Tom told him all about the traffic accident. 1. How was the weather that day? A．Rainy. B．Fine. C．Cloudy. 2. What was the boy doing when he was crossing the road? A．He was calling Tom. B．He was talking with a girl. C．He was listening to music. 3. Who was hurt? A．Tom. B．The girl. C．The boy. 4. What does the underlined word “worried” mean? A．担心的 B．兴奋的 C．遗憾的 5. From the passage (文章) we can know ________. A．Tom was on his way to school at that time B．the small yellow car went very fast C．Tom helped the boy to stand up 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 【导语】本文讲述了Tom在放学途中遇到的一起交通事故。 1. 细节理解题。根据“It was cloudy.”可知，天气情况是多云。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Just then, a boy was crossing the road with a girl. They were talking happily. So they didn’t see the car.”可知，男孩过马路时正和女孩聊天。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Tom saw that the girl was hurt.”可知，女孩受伤了。故选B。 4. 词句猜测题。根据“Tom saw that the girl was hurt…He looked at the girl and was very worried.”可知，女孩受伤了，可推知司机很担心女孩；因此“worried”表示“担心的”。故选A。 5. 细节理解题。根据“he saw a small yellow car coming very fast.”可知，小黄车开得很快。故选B。 Passage 3 Naomi This morning I fell over and broke my leg when playing football. The teacher took me to the hospital. The doctor asked me to stay here for three days. She said that when I get home, I must stay in bed for two more weeks. Lisa Last week I fell down while I was playing games with my friend. I hit my teeth. My mum took me to the dentist’s (牙科诊所) in her car. The dentist checked my teeth and told me to take some medicine. He said that it was nothing serious. He told me not to be worried. Nancy I went to the cinema with my parents. It was very hot in the cinema and I started to feel awful. I then fell on the floor and my mum tried to wake me up. My dad called an ambulance (救护车). A doctor came and checked some parts of my body. He said I was fine, but he also told me to go home and rest for two days. 1. How long did the doctor ask Naomi to stay in the hospital? A．For two days. B．For three days. C．For a week. D．For two weeks. 2. What’s the matter with Lisa? A．She felt sick. B．She had a cold. C．She hit her teeth. D．She broke her leg. 3. Who called the ambulance for Nancy? A．Her mum. B．Her teacher. C．Her friend. D．Her dad. 4. What did the doctor ask Nancy to do? A．To have a rest. B．To drink more water. C．To do more exercise. D．To take some medicine. 5. What do the three students talk about? A．Hobbies. B．Accidents. C．Careless mistakes. D．School subjects. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了三个孩子发生的意外情况。 1. 细节理解题。根据表格第一栏中的“The doctor asked me to stay here for three days”可知，医生让Naomi住院三天，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据表格第二栏中的“Last week I fell down while I was playing games with my friend. I hit my teeth”可知，Lisa撞到了牙齿，故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据表格第三栏中的“My dad called an ambulance”可知，Nancy的爸爸为Nancy叫了救护车，故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据表格第三栏中的“He said I was fine, but he also told me to go home and rest for two days”可知，医生让Nancy在家休息两天，故选A。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，这三个学生在谈论自己发生的意外情况，故选B。 Passage 4 What's the best thing to eat on a hot summer day？Quite a few people will say it is ice-cream. Yes, eating ice-cream with some fruit is a good way to cool down. But think before you eat. If your body is hot from playing sports, it s not the best time to eat ice-cream.If you eat ice-cream when your body is hot, it may give your stomach some problems, and you may get diarrhea( 腹泻). You can eat some ice cream after you cool down or have some tea. Just try not to eat too much at a time! People shouldn't eat or drink anything cold just after dinner. If you want to stay cool and healthy ,oranges, bananas and pears can help. In summer， germs（细菌） grow very fast and food goes bad easily. You should eat clean and fresh food. When you want to eat a cold dish, put some vinegar（醋）to disinfect（杀菌)it． If you can’t finish your food and want to eat it again next day, you should heat it enough to kill the germs in it. 1. What can help you cool down? A．Vinegar B．Tea C．Vegetables D．Ice-cream 2. It is the best time to eat ice-cream . A．just after dinner B．in the afternoon C．after you cool down D．when your body is very hot 3. If you , you may get diarrhea. A．eat too much food B．eat ice-cream when your body is hot C．eat some fruit after dinner D．drink lots of hot tea after dinner 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Vinegar can kill germs. B．Ice- cream can't make people cool down. C．Germs can stop food from going bad quickly. D．When you want to eat the food you don't finish, you needn't heat it. 5. What's the best title for this passage? A．How to Cool Down B．Some Useful Fruit C．Delicious Ice-cream D．Eating Right in Summer 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 【分析】文章讲诉了夏天吃凉的食物是一个降温的好方法，但是当你运动完后，身体太热不适合是冰激凌，那样会对胃有害，应该让体温凉下来后再吃，还有夏天吃橘子、香蕉和梨是有帮助的，要吃新鲜的和干净的食物，没有吃完的食物下次吃的时候要加热来杀死细菌。 1. 细节理解题。根据eating ice-cream with some fruit is a good way to cool down.可知冰激凌能帮助你凉快下来；故选D 2. 细节理解题。根据You can eat some ice cream after you cool down可知凉爽下来后是吃冰激凌的最好时间；故选C 3. 细节理解题。根据If you eat ice-cream when your body is hot, it may give your stomach some problems, and you may get diarrhea( 腹泻).可知身体热的时候吃冰激凌容易腹泻；故选B 4. 推理判断题。根据put some vinegar（醋）to disinfect（杀菌)it．可知A对；根据eating ice-cream with some fruit is a good way to cool down.可知B不对；根据germs（细菌） grow very fast and food goes bad easily可知C不对；根据If you can’t finish your food and want to eat it again next day, you should heat it enough to kill the germs in it.可知D不对；故选A 5. 主旨大意题。根据文章讲诉了夏天吃凉的食物是一个降温的好方法，但是当你运动完后，身体太热不适合是冰激凌，那样会对胃有害，应该让体温凉下来后再吃，还有夏天吃橘子、香蕉和梨是有帮助的，要吃新鲜的和干净的食物，没有吃完的食物下次吃的时候要加热来杀死细菌。可知是讲夏天正确的饮食；故选D Passage 5 A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the truck driver and the taxi driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness. This is what they said. TRUCKDRIVER I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I did not stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was seriously hurt but both my truck and his taxi were damaged (受损害). TAXI DRIVER I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers to Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver did not give me a warning. I was driving very slowly. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand. Tom I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from the airport. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi driver was not looking at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something else. My friend saw the accident, too. Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. How many people are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Two. C．Four. D．Five 2. The truck was hit on the way ________. A．to the airport B．to the police station C．to Newton D．home 3. From the story, we can infer (推断) that ________ didn’t tell the truth. A．the truck driver B．Tom C．Tom’s friend D．the taxi driver 4. The underlined word “witness” means “ ________ ” in Chinese. A．记录员 B．目击者 C．检查员 D．陪审团 5. What’s the best title for this passage? A．A Traffic Accident B．A Taxi Driver C．A Story of Tom D．A Truck Driver 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文是对于一起交通事故的说明，文中提到了几个人的证词，注意对比每个人的证词之间的异同点。 1. 细节理解题。根据“A policeman spoke to the taxi driver and to the truck driver. He also spoke to Tom.”和“Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.”可知，本文共提到了警察、出租车司机、卡车司机、汤姆和汤姆的朋友五个人。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“TRUCK DRIVER: I was driving from the airport to Newton.”可知，卡车当时是从机场到牛顿市的路上。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。分析四人的证词“so I slowed down”、“The truck stopped suddenly.”、“When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it.”和“Tom's friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.”可知，当时卡车减速了但没停，出租车司机说卡车停了下来，所以出租车司机说谎了。故选D。 4. 词义猜测题。根据“He was a witness. This is what they said.”及下文每个人的阐述可知，这几个人是作为交通事故目击者的身份来陈述的，所以划线单词表示“目击者”。故选B。 5. 最佳标题题。分析文章内容可知，本文是对于一起交通事故的说明。故选A。 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 Mr Smith works in an office. He is very busy and has no time to have a good rest. Every evening, when he comes back from his office, he's always tired and wants to go to bed ear-ly. But his wife often has a lot of interesting things to tell him after supper. She doesn't stop talking until she falls asleep. But it's usually too late and Mr Smith has to get up in time in the morning when she Is asleep. One day the man felt terrible and couldn't go to work. He decided to go to see a doctor. And Mrs Smith went to the hospital with him. Before her husband said what was the matter with him, the woman had told the doctor all and the man understood why. He wrote out a prescription(处方). And when Mr Smith brought the medicine to the room, the doctor said to Mrs Smith, "The bottle of medicine is for your husband and the pills are for you.” “For me? "the woman said in surprise. "I’m fine. I don't need any medicine! " "I don't think so, madam, "said the doctor. "They are sleeping pills, Your husband will soon be all right if you take them.” 1. Where does Mr Smith work? A．A school B．An office C．A farm D．A factory 2. What does Mr Smith want to do after work? A．Go to bed early B．Talk to his wife C．Take a walk with his wife D．Go to a movie. 3. Why couldn’t Mr Smith go to work one day? A．Because he didn't want to work. B．Because his wife didn't let him go C．Because he felt ill. D．Because he was too tired to go to work. 4. The underlined word"pills"means in Chinese? A．糖果 B．饼干 C．药片 D．酒精 5. Why did the doctor give some pills to the wife? A．Because she was ill. B．Because she doesn’t sleep well C．Because the doctor wanted her to sleep early and not talk too much D．Because the doctor was ill. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. C 【分析】文章讲了史密斯先生每天下班回家很累，想早早的上床睡觉，但是他的妻子每天有很多有趣的事情告诉他，她一直说到她睡着，有一天史密斯先生感觉很糟糕，不能工作，要去看医生了，他妻子和他一起去，他的妻子给医生说了情况，医生给了史密斯先生一些药，给了史密斯太太一些药片，说是安眠药，她吃了药后，史密斯先生的病就好了。 1. 细节理解题。根据Mr Smith works in an office可知是在一家办公室工作；故选B 2. 细节理解题。根据when he comes back from his office, he's always tired and wants to go to bed early.可知想早早的睡觉；故选A 3. 细节理解题。根据One day the man felt terrible and couldn't go to work.可知是因为感觉病了；故选C 4. 词义猜测题。根据the pills are for you.”“For me? "the woman said in surprise. "I’m fine. I don't need any medicine!可猜测是药片；故选C 5. 细节理解题。根据They are sleeping pills,可知想让她睡觉；故选C 【点睛】短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：小题4  词义猜测题。根据the pills are for you.”“For me? "the woman said in surprise. "I’m fine. I don't need any medicine!可猜测是药片；故选C Passage 7 I’m on the road a lot for my job and have seen in lots of accidents. One day, I was heading to a far-away town. To get there, I had to take a busy road that had a lot of blind curves (弯道) and hills. I made my way around a curve and down a hill when I saw a car in my lane (车道) suddenly move into the other lane. It caused the cars in the other lane to slam (猛踩) their brakes (刹车). In return, the cars behind them slammed their brakes as well. Still, some of the cars hit each other and caused accidents on the road. After a while, things were almost cleaned up. All the cars drove away. Still, I saw a big rock lying in the road. I thought I’d move it to stop similar accidents from happening again. And just as I got out of my car to pick it up, I saw a guy on the other side of the road running along the highway (公路) to pick up the same rock. I watched him put it in the bed of his truck (卡车). The rock wasn’t in his lane and he still picked it up. I guess it was just nice to see someone else go out of their way to do something for other people, knowing he wouldn’t get a thank you. So thanks man, whoever you are. 1. How does the writer usually go to work? A．Take a bus. B．Drive a car. C．Walk. D．Take a subway. 2. What was the cause of the accidents? A．There were a lot of blind curves on the road. B．One car suddenly moved into another lane. C．The car in the other lane was out of control. D．One car hit a big rock in the middle of the road. 3. What did the writer want to do after all the cars left? A．Stop the cars from leaving. B．Move the rock. C．Find somebody else to come and help. D．Find out how the accidents happened. 4. Why did one driver remove the rock? A．Because the rock was in his lane. B．Because he wanted someone to thank him. C．Because he wanted to stop similar accident. D．Because it was his job to clear the road 5. In this story, the writer encourages (鼓励) readers to ________. A．act rather than speak B．do good things in exchange for payment C．try to do nice things for others D．watch out for accidents 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在去一个遥远的小镇的路上，遇到了一起车祸事故，车子都开走之后，作者想要下车去移开那块石头的时候，发现一个卡车司机已经把石头移到了自己的车上，但事实上这块石头并不影响卡车通过，他只是在做一件善事，不想事故再次发生。以此来鼓励人们多做好事。 1. 细节理解题。根据“I’m on the road a lot for my job”及“And just as I got out of my car to pick it up”可知，作者是开着车去上班的。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“I made my way around a curve and down a hill when I saw a car in my lane (车道) suddenly move into the other lane.”可知，事故的起因是有一辆车驶入了另一条车道。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“After a while, things were almost cleaned up. All the cars drove away. Still, I saw a big rock lying in the road. I thought I’d move it to stop similar accidents from happening again.”可知，车子都开走后，作者想要下车把挡路的石头移走。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据“I thought I’d move it to stop similar accidents from happening again.”及“it was just nice to see someone else go out of their way to do something for other people”可知，他移开石头的原因是想要做好事，以避免同样的事故再次发生。故选C。 5. 推理判断题。根据“I guess it was just nice to see someone else go out of their way to do something for other people, knowing he wouldn’t get a thank you.”可知，作者是在鼓励人们多做好事。故选C。 Passage 8 Trump smoked heavily. He got lung cancer when he was sixty years old. He only had six months to live. His chance for recovery was 1 in 500.He lived in Baldwin Street, in New Zealand, a very special street in the world. What he did with cancer was also special. He could see the worry, depression and anger in his life. He wondered, “If illness can be caused by negativity(消极性), can wellness be created by positivity？” He decided to make an experiment of himself. Laughing was one of the most positive activities he knew. He watched all the funny movies he could find. He read funny stories. He enjoyed talk shows and cross talks. He asked his friends to call him whenever they said, heard or did something funny. And he also told jokes to his friends and his family. He even built a club called “Laugh and Life”. At first, his pain was so great that he could not sleep. Then, he found laughing for 10 minutes could relieve the pain(减轻疼痛) for several hours so he could sleep. He fully recovered from his illness and lived another 20 happy and healthy years in the end. He thought his success was because of the love of his family and friends, and laughing. So, if you like laughing, do it as often as you can in your life. If you don't like laughing, then take your medicine—laugh anyway. 1. Where did Trump live? A．In Baldwin Street. B．In New Street. C．In Wall Street. 2. From the passage we know Trump _____. A．drank too much B．was very handsome C．had a strong will 3. “Laugh and Life” is a ______. A．school B．club C．company 4. How old was Trump when he died? A．61. B．70. C．80. 5. What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Enough sleep is important. B．Laughing is the best medicine. C．Activities are useful. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 【分析】文章讲诉了Trump吸烟特别厉害，得了癌症，仅仅能活6个月，他发现担心、生气、抑郁这些消极的东西能引起疾病，他想积极地情绪应该能对抗疾病，笑是最简单的积极活动，他就用各种办法让自己笑，后来又建立一个笑和生活俱乐部，他的癌症痊愈了，他又活了20年.。 1. 细节理解题。根据.He lived in Baldwin Street, in New Zealand可知他生活在in Baldwin Street,故选A 2. 细节理解题。根据文章他得癌症仅能活6个月，到后来他自己用特殊的治疗方法治疗疾病，又活了20年，可知是他有坚强的意志；故选C 3. 细节理解题。根据He even built a club called “Laugh and Life”.可知是一个俱乐部；故选B 4. 细节理解题。根据He got lung cancer when he was sixty years old和He fully recovered from his illness and lived another 20 happy and healthy years in the end可知60岁的肺癌，又活了20年，可知他死的时候80岁；故选C 5. 主旨大意题。根据文章讲诉了Trump吸烟特别厉害，得了癌症，仅仅能活6个月，他发现担心、生气、抑郁这些消极的东西能引起疾病，他想积极地情绪应该能对抗疾病，笑是最简单的积极活动，他就用各种办法让自己笑，后来又建立一个笑和生活俱乐部，他的癌症痊愈了，他又活了20年.。可知笑是最好的药；故选B 【点睛】短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：小题4  细节理解题。根据He got lung cancer when he was sixty years old和He fully recovered from his illness and lived another 20 happy and healthy years in the end可知60岁的肺癌，又活了20年，可知他死的时候80岁；故选C Passage 9 You may have heard of people who are allergic (过敏) to seafood, smoke or pets.But did you know that some people were allergic to Wi­Fi signals? Rose White, a 44­year­old woman from Britain, first found herself being allergic to Wi­Fi signals in 2015. She had a cough, heart trouble and great pains in her head when she stayed in the places covered with Wi­Fi signals. Rose has tried many ways to keep away from Wi­Fi signals.In the past six months, she either slept in her car or in tents which she had put up in the woodland and in the fields.She even tried sleeping in a shed(棚子).Being completely tired, Rose had no choice but to quit her job and moved 370 kilometers away from her home to avoid Wi­Fi signals, but failed.Because of the hard life, she got a stomachache. She is now living in a small house in the rural (乡下的) areas in England.There are far fewer Wi­Fi signals.However, the house, which belongs to her friend, will be sold to others, so she has to move again soon. Rose is planning to move to a more rural area.She is also planning to buy a camper van(野营车) so that she can drive away from Wi­Fi signals whenever she is feeling uncomfortable.As she cannot work to make money, she has to raise money online.She is hoping to raise 15，000 pounds.So far, she has raised over 1，600 pounds.She still has a long way to go. 1. Which is not Rose's allergic symptom(症状)? A．A cough. B．Heart trouble. C．A headache. D．A stomachache. 2. What did Rose do to keep away from Wi­Fi signals? A．She slept in a tent in the woodland. B．She bought a small house in the countryside. C．She moved to a more rural area. D．She bought a camper van. 3. The underlined word “quit” in Paragraph 3 means “________”. A．leave B．begin C．change D．continue 4. Why does she have to move again soon? A．Because the place she lives in is near the Wi­Fi signals. B．Because her friend decides to sell the house. C．Because she wants to move to a new place. D．Because she tries to find a job in a more rural area. 5. What does the sentence “She still has a long way to go.” in the last paragraph refer to(指的是)? A．She will live long. B．It's not easy for her to raise enough money. C．There will be a lot of difficulties for her to deal with. D．It's difficult for her to find a place without Wi­Fi signals. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C 【分析】本文主要讲述了来自英国的44岁女性Rose White对Wi-Fi信号过敏。当她呆在覆盖Wi-Fi信号的地方时，会产生许多不良反应。为了远离Wi-Fi信号，尝试了许多不同的方法，但效果甚微。罗斯计划搬到一个更偏远的地区，她还计划买一辆露营车。因为不能工作挣钱，所以她不得不在网上筹款。生活中罗斯还将面临许多困难。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后的句子“She had a cough, heart trouble and great pains in her head when she stayed at the places covered with Wi-Fi signals.”可知，当罗斯呆在覆盖Wi-Fi信号的地方时，咳嗽、心脏病和头痛。没有提到胃疼，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子“Rose has tried many ways to keep away from Wi-Fi signals. In the past six months, she either slept in her car or in tent which she had put up in the woodland and in the fields. She even tried sleeping in a shed(棚子).”可知，罗斯尝试了很多方法来远离Wi-Fi信号。在过去的六个月里，她要么睡在车里，要么睡在树林里和田野里的帐篷里。她甚至试着睡在小屋里。故选A。 3. 词义猜测题。leave 离开；begin开始；change改变；continue继续；根据后面的句子“and moved 370 kilometers away from her home to avoid Wi-Fi signals, but failed.”为了避免Wi-Fi信号， 搬到离家370公里的地方，可以猜测quit her job的意思是“离职，辞职”，故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的句子“However, the house, which belongs to her friend, will be sold to others, so she has to move again soon.”可知，罗斯住在朋友的房子里，而朋友将要出售自己的房子，因此罗斯必须再次搬家，故选B。 5. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“As she cannot work to make money, she has to raise money online. She is hoping to raise 15,000 pounds. So far, she has raised over 1,600 pounds. She still has a long way to go.” 因为她不能工作挣钱，所以她不得不在网上筹款。她希望筹集15000英镑。到目前为止，她已经筹集了超过1600英镑。她还有很长的路要走，可知生活中罗斯还将面临许多困难。故选C。 Passage 10 Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep. They say more Americans need to take a nap—that is to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They give people advice to sleep lightly before continuing with other activities. The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure. Some European and Latin American companies have supported the idea of napping for many years. They ask people to leave work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest simply in their offices. They believe this can help workers make fewer mistakes and also increase the amount of work that a person can do. Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy. And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day. But experts said that a nap should last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be difficult. 1. This passage is probably taken from ___________. A．a story book B．a poster C．a science fiction D．medical magazine 2. What’s the best way to increase workers’ effects? A．Talking with friends. B．Doing relaxing exercises. C．Laughing, smiling and crying. D．Having a rest for twenty or thirty minutes. 3. What will happen to the workers if they keep on working without any rest? A．They will get a lot of money. B．They will fail in their jobs and even cause a lot of trouble. C．They will live a happy life in the future. D．They will feel better after finishing everyday jobs. 4. The meaning of the underlined word “reducing” in the first paragraph is “__________”. A．加大 B．缓解 C．产生 D．制造 5. The passage mainly talks about____________ . A．taking a nap during the day B．the disadvantages of taking a nap C．Americans who don’t have a nap during the weekends D．the advantages of deep sleep 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文讲述了午睡的重要性。 1. 推理判断题。根据“Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep.”和“Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times”可推测这是一篇医学文章。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day.”可知每天午休20到30分钟是提高工作效率的最好办法。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy.”可知人们在困倦的时候在工作中容易失败甚至造成很多麻烦。故选B。 4. 词义猜测题。根据“The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure.”以及常识可知缓解压力能改善健康状况。故选B。 5. 主旨大意题。根据文章讲述了午睡的重要性。故选A。 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps we should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid (急救) if the wound is serious. Broken bones (骨头): Take away clothing from the wound. Use an ice pack. Don’t move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive. Animal bites (咬伤): Wash the bite area with soap and water. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once. Fainting (昏厥): Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little. Don’t move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall. Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. Clean the person’s face with a cool cloth. Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted (倾斜) forward a little. Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch (捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes. 1. What should we do first when an animal bite happens? A．Put an ice pack on the wound. B．Wash the bite area with soap and water. C．Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth. D．Take the hurt person to the hospital. 2. When dealing with the problems of ________, we shouldn’t move the hurt. A．broken bones and animal bites B．animal bites and nosebleeds C．broken bones and fainting D．fainting and nosebleeds 3. Which of the following is NOT right when a boy’s nosebleeds? A．Let his head not tilt back. B．Let his head tilt forward a little. C．Let him sit up. D．Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes. 4. Which part of a magazine may the passage come from? A．Lifestyle. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Education. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A．First aid for some accidental wounds. B．Steps of looking for medical care. C．Advice on ways not to get hurt. D．Ways to ask for help in getting hurt. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文主要讲了同学发生紧急状况时采取的相关急救知识。 1. 细节理解题。根据文中“Animal bites (咬伤): Wash the bite area with soap and water.”可知，被动物咬伤，应先用肥皂和清水清洗伤口。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据文中“Broken bones: Take away clothing from the wound. Use an ice pack. Don’t move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.”可知，如果伤员骨折，在医生到达之前不要动受伤部位，以及第四段“Don’t move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall.”可知，有人昏厥时，如果你认为摔伤部位有伤口的话，不要移动身体。所以在伤员骨折或昏厥时我们不能移动他们。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Pinch(捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.”可知，流鼻血时，捏住鼻子的下部至少10分钟，D选项表述的是少于10分钟，表述错误。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据Broken bones，Animal bites，Fainting，Nosebleeds可知，本篇短文讲述了同学突然病了或受伤了如何处理，可推测这篇文章来自杂志健康部分。故选B。 5. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Here are some steps you should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid (急救) if the wound is serious.”可知，本文主要讲了同学发生紧急状况时采取的相关急救知识。故选A。 Passage 12 “Thanks to Xia Juan, or I will die,” Mr Wang said to the reporter (记者). “The girl saved my family and me. What a kind and brave girl!” This story happened in 2020, but people in Nanchang will always remember that day. At 0:30 am, Xia Juan woke up suddenly (忽然地) because she knew the mid-term exam (期中考试) was coming the next day. She forgot to go over her lessons. She was reading her textbook when she smelt something bad and saw some smoke (烟) in her house. She felt surprised and found out what happened. Something was burning (燃烧的) in the kitchen of their neighbour’s house, and the fire was becoming bigger and bigger. She rushed into her grandparents’ bedroom to wake them up. They ran out of the house without getting anything. She felt very frightened (害怕的) but she knew she had to help the Wangs. They are always nice to her. She rushed to their house and shouted loudly, “Wake up! Wake up! Fire! Fire!” She made very loud noise. Finally, she woke up the Wang family and helped them run out of their house. Two of them got hurt (受伤). The other three heard the noise and then helped to send them to the hospital. Thanks to this brave girl, nobody died. 1. When did the story happen? A．A year ago. B．Two years ago. C．Four years ago. D．Four months ago. 2. Why did Xia Juan wake up at 0:30 am that day? A．Because her grandparents woke her up. B．Because it rained heavily and woke her up. C．Because she was hungry and wanted to eat some food. D．Because she wanted to go over her lessons for the mid-term exam. 3. What did Xia Juan take with her when she left the house in a hurry? A．Her textbooks. B．Nothing. C．Some clothes. D．Some money. 4. What were the Wang family doing when Xia Juan rushed to their house? A．They were cooking. B．They were sleeping. C．They were having a party. D．They were doing some cleaning. 5. How many people died in the fire? A．Two. B．Three. C．Five. D．No one. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. D 【导语】本文主要介绍一名叫夏娟的女孩在火灾发生时临危不惧，没有选择独自逃生，而是拍开邻居的门，使邻居们死里逃生的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据“This story happened in 2020”可知，故事发生在2020年，今年是2024年，是四年前，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“At 0:30 am, Xia Juan woke up suddenly (忽然地) because she knew the mid-term exam (期中考试) was coming the next day. She forgot to go over her lessons.”可知，夏娟0点半醒来是为了期中考试复习功课。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“They ran out of the house without getting anything.”可知，他们什么也没拿就跑出了房子。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据“Finally, she woke up the Wang family and helped them run out of their house. ”可知，当时王家人正在睡觉，故选B。 5. 细节理解题。根据“Thanks to this brave girl, nobody died.”可知，没有人死亡，故选D。 Passage 13 Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is a great mountain climber. She has climbed 14 of the world’s highest mountains. Most climbers need extra oxygen (额外的氧气) to reach the top of these mountains. However, Kaltenbrunner is the first woman to climb all 14 mountains without extra oxygen. Kaltenbrunner started climbing when she was growing up in the mountains of Austria. At 13 years old, she climbed her first big mountain, Sturzhahn. She became a nurse, but always had a passion for climbing. 32-year-old Kaltenbrunner climbed her fourth big mountain, Nanga Parbat in Pakistan, and later became a full-time (全职的) mountain climber. In 2007, Kaltenbrunner had an accident (事故) when climbing Dhaulagiri in Nepal. She was inside her tent when an avalanche struck (雪崩发生). When it stopped, it was very dark and she didn’t know where she was. She cut a hole in her tent with a small knife. Slowly, Kaltenbrunner got out of the snow. After the accident, Kaltenbrunner said, “I couldn’t stop climbing. This is my life.” She climbed the 14th mountain, K2 between Pakistan and China. Facing many problems, Kaltenbrunner still never thought of giving up. “If you really love something, you’ll find a way to do it,” she said. 1. Who is Kaltenbrunner? A．The first woman to climb the most mountains. B．The first woman to climb the world’s highest mountain. C．The first woman to give up a job to be a full-time mountain climber. D．The first woman to use no extra oxygen to climb 14 of the world’s highest mountains. 2. What does the underlined word “passion” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Love. B．Surprise. C．Place. D．Question. 3. What do we know about the accident in 2007? A．It happened at night. B．It happened in Pakistan. C．Kaltenbrunner hurt her legs in it. D．Kaltenbrunner saved herself from it. 4. Which mountain did Kaltenbrunner climb after her climbing accident? A．K2. B．Sturzhahn. C．Dhaulagiri. D．Nanga Parbat. 5. What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Kaltenbrunner’s climbing accident. B．Why Kaltenbrunner loves climbing. C．Kaltenbrunner’s climbing experiences. D．How Kaltenbrunner became a great climber. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner的登山经历。 1. 细节理解题。根据“She has climbed 14 of the world’s highest mountains.”及“Kaltenbrunner is the first woman to climb all 14 mountains without extra oxygen.”可知，她是第一个在没有额外氧气的情况下爬上全部14座最高峰的女性。故选D。 2. 词义猜测题。根据“She became a nurse, but always had a passion for climbing. 32-year-old Kaltenbrunner climbed her fourth big mountain”可知，她在32岁时登上了她的第四座大山，由此可知，尽管她成为了一名护士，她总是对登山有着热爱，划线单词表示“热爱，激情”。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“She cut a hole in her tent with a small knife. Slowly, Kaltenbrunner got out of the snow.”可知，在这场事故中她救了自己。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据“After the accident, Kaltenbrunner said, ‘I couldn’t stop climbing. This is my life.’ She climbed the 14th mountain, K2 between Pakistan and China.”可知，事故后，她攀登了巴基斯坦和中国之间的高山K2。故选A。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner的登山经历。故选C。 Passage 14 Several years ago, I spent most of my time at a mental hospital (精神病院) in our town. I found much joy there. At first it was a little scary to be there, but I stayed on, because I had a reason for doing this. I volunteered in a locked-up (封闭的) environment. To my surprise, I found that a friend of my parents’ was a patient in this hospital. I knew, when I was a baby, this woman wanted to keep me because she had no children. I looked after this woman and showed my old photos to her. Finally, she was able to remember some old things, and she said to me one day, “Dear, you should not come here.” But I wanted to bring something happy into this woman’s life. I learned that because she had no family, she couldn’t leave here and go home. So I brought her to my home twice and I still remembered the happy smile on her face. I have never forgotten this volunteering experience. This woman later passed away. I can’t see her anymore, but I’m happy that I have done something to make a difference in another person’s life. 1. How did the writer feel at first when working in the mental hospital? A．Bored. B．Afraid. C．Interested. D．Comfortable. 2. Why couldn’t the woman leave the hospital? A．Because she couldn’t remember anything. B．Because she couldn’t look after herself. C．Because she didn’t have any family. D．Because she didn’t want to leave. 3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The woman was the writer’s parents’ friend. B．With the help of the writer, the woman could remember something old. C．The woman saw the writer’s old photos. D．The writer went to the woman’s home twice. 4. The underlined phrase “passed away” means “__________” in Chinese. A．去世 B．逃离 C．居住 D．幸存 5. What is the best title for this passage? A．An unlucky woman B．A special hospital C．My parents’ friend D．My volunteering experience 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 【导语】本文介绍作者在精神病院做支援工作时，遇到妈妈朋友的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据“At first it was a little scary to be there, but I stayed on, because I had a reason for doing this.”可知作者最初去精神病院时，觉得有点害怕。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“I learned that because she had no family, she couldn’t leave here and go home. ”可知女人不能离开医院，因为她没有家人。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“ So I brought her to my home twice and I still remembered the happy smile on her face.”可知作者带女人回作者家两次，而不是去女人家。故选D。 4. 词义推断题。根据“ I can’t see her anymore...”可知女人过世了，所以作者再也看不到她了。故选A。 5. 最佳标题题。根据“I volunteered in a locked-up environment.”和全文可知本文介绍了作者的志愿经历。故选D。 Passage 15 Recently, China’s Ministry of Education has asked all public schools to teach students First aid especially CPR as part of children’s health education. There are as many as 550,000 sudden cardiac deaths in China every year. About 60 percent of these deaths happen outside hospitals. In November 2019, 35-year-old Taiwan model-actor Godfrey Gao dies after he suddenly fell while filming a reality show. Although he was rushed to the hospital, he still died from sudden cardiac arrest. His deaths caused a heated discussion . CPR is one of the first and most useful methods of treating cardiac arrest, according to medical experts, most patients will begin to develop brain damage within four to six minutes after cardiac arrest, and then biological death within a few minutes. However, in China, besides medical workers, the number of people who have received first aid training is only about one percent of the public. As early as 1966,the US has advised the public to receive CPR training, including police officers, drivers, firefighters, teachers and students of colleges colleges and secondary schools. In Europe, Switzerland requires all citizens to be trained in first aid, including CPR. And in Germany, every citizen must be trained before getting a driver’s license. Forty percent of people in France are also trained in first aid. According to Guo Malong, a doctor in Henan, a CPR lesson can be completed in anything from 45 minutes to 2 hours depending on what’s included. Basic first aid lessons can be completed in just 30 minutes, which doesn’t cost students too much time, but will make a huge difference to others. 1. How many sudden cardiac happen outside hospital in China every year? A．About 24,750 B．About 261,250 C．About 330,000 D．About 550,000 2. The author mentions Godfrey Gao to show ________. A．how important learning CPR is B．how dangerous sudden cardiac arrest is C．all age groups may die from cardiac arrest D．all kinds of people may have cardiac arrest 3. The best time to perform CPR is within ________after one’s cardiac arrest. A．the 4-6 minutes B．the 6-8 minutes C．the 8-10 minutes D．the 10-12 minutes 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A．30% of the French have had first aid training. B．In Germany, every driver is trained in first aid. C．All students must receive CPRtraining in the US. D．People in Swizerland don’t have receive CPR training. 5. What do Guo Malong’s words mean in the last paragraph? A．It’s easy and possible to teach CPR in school. B．Basic first aid lessons will cost too much time. C．It’s important to teach students to learn first aid. D．Every student should know diffent first aid skills. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述的是最近中国教育部已经要求所有公立学校教学生急救，尤其是将CPR做为孩子们健康教育的一部分。 1. 推理判断题。根据第二段“There are as many as 550,000 sudden cardiac deaths in China every year. About 60 percent of these deaths happen outside hospitals”中国每年有多达55万人死于心脏病，大约60%的死亡发生在医院外，可知有550000×60%＝330000，大约33万。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“In November 2019 ,35-year-old Taiwan model-actor Godfrey Gao dies after he suddenly fell while filming a reality show. Although he was rushed to the hospital, he still died from sudden cardiac arrest. His deaths caused a heated discussion”可知2019年11月,35岁的台湾模特演员戈弗雷•高在拍摄真人秀时突然摔倒身亡。虽然他被紧急送往医院，但仍然死于心脏骤停。他的死引起了热烈的讨论。可知心脏骤停很危险。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“most patients will begin to develop brain damage within four to six minutes”可知大多数病人会在4到6分钟内开始出现脑损伤。可知最佳的救援时间是最早的4到6分钟内。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据第四段“And in Germany, every citizen must be trained before getting a driver’s license”在德国，每个公民在拿到驾照前都必须经过培训。B选项“在德国，每个司机都经过急救培训”表述正确。故选B。 5. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to Guo Malong, a doctor in Henan, a CPR lesson can be completed in anything from 45 minutes to 2 hours depending on what's included. Basic first aid lessons can be completed in just 30 minutes, which doesn't cost students too much time, but will make a huge difference to others”据河南医生郭马龙介绍，一堂心肺复苏课可以在45分钟到2小时内完成，具体时间取决于内容。基本的急救课程只需30分钟就可以完成，这不会花费学生太多时间，但会给其他人带来巨大的不同。可知学校进行CPR教学是很容易的而且是可能的。故选A。 八年级下册 单元话题 梯度训练 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$