Unit 1 同步练习 2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

Unit 1同步练习 一.用单词的正确形式填空 1．We need a large____________ (开阔的) space to play football. 2．Put away your clothes, Steve. You shouldn't throw them ____________ (到处). 3．My uncle went____________ (到国外) for a visit last month. 4. My uncle is a businessman and he goes ________（到国外）from time to time. 5. This road is too _______（狭窄的）for your car to go through. 6. You can't find any large _______（开阔的）spaces in the city. 7．This little boy gets used to ____________ (walk) to school now. 8．What do you think of the air ____________ (pollute) in your hometown? 二.单选题 1．We should protect the beautiful flowers on ______ sides of the street. A．every B．both C．either D．each 2．My uncle used to ______ Chinese food, but now he has been used to______ Western food. A．eat; try B．eat; trying C．eating; try D．eating; trying 3．Ding Junhui is not in China. He has gone ______. He often practices playing snooker in the UK. A．away B．back C．abroad D．around 4．These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the_______ immediately. A．engineer B．energy C．environment D．example 5．—Look! How clean the classroom is! —Yes. I'm sure someone ______ it up. A．cleans B．is cleaning C．will clean D．has cleaned 6．—Do you know our town at all? —No, this is the first time I here. A．was B．have been C．came D．am coming 7．Grandparents have lived in the village______________. A．10 years ago B．for 10 years ago C．since 1995 D．for long time 8．—How does Jack usually go to work? —He drive a car, but now he there to lose weight. A．used to; is used to walk B．was used to; is used to walking C．was used to; is used to walk D．used to; is used to walking 3. 完形填空 It was a rainy day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road. But my daughter Carolyn had ____1____ that I come to see something at the top of the mountain. So here I was, ____2____ making the two-hour journey through fog. By the time I saw how thick it was near the peak, I’d gone too far to turn back. After parking the car, we walked along a path that was ____3____ with pine needles. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind. Then we turned a corner, and I gasped（倒吸气）in amazement. From the top of the mountain were ____4____ of flowers flowing across valleys. A mass of color—from the palest pink to the deepest yellow to the most red—shone like a carpet before us. It looked as though the ____5____ had spilled gold down the mountainside. Who ____6____ such beauty? How? As we approached the house in the center of the field, we saw a sign that ____7____: “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.” The first answer was: “One Woman, Two Hands, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One Plant at a Time, Started in 1980.” I was so moved that I could scarcely ____8____. “She started almost 40 years ago,” I finally said, “probably just the beginning of a(n) idea, but she kept at it.” The ____9____ of it opened my eyes to the world of the ____10____. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have ____11____?” Carolyn smiled. “Start tomorrow,” she said. “____12____ yet, start today.” 1．A．insisted B．suspected C．preferred D．appointed 2．A．automatically B．absolutely C．unwillingly D．faithfully 3．A．damp B．firm C．thick D．mild 4．A．rivers B．bunches C．pairs D．branches 5．A．storm B．wind C．sun D．volcano 6．A．created B．imitated C．predicted D．conveyed 7．A．moved B．read C．called D．appeared 8．A．see B．smile C．sleep D．speak 9．A．judgment B．wonder C．contribution D．trend 10．A．steady B．concrete C．possible D．contradictory 11．A．accomplished B．opposed C．risked D．strengthened 12．A．Later B．Closer C．Faster D．Better 4、 阅读理解。 In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time remembering facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can get knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads? Civilizations (文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines help us to get most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter? Researchers have realized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases (偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective (客观的), but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers. Another problem relates to the ease (容易) of getting information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along. In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence (智慧), we can easily get to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our health depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age. We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they’re not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we slowly but unquestionably become strangers to future people. 1．Smart machines are likely to increase our biases because ________. A．they go off course in testing and scoring B．we control the training process on them C．we offer them too much information D．they overuse the provided answers 2．The ease of getting information from the Internet ________. A．frees us from making efforts to learn new skills B．prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speed C．misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledge D．separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines 3．According to this passage, the following are true except ________. A．Most young scientists replied to Science that students should have more creative activities. B．Nowadays, with smart machines, people no longer need to remember most things. C．The use of smart machines causes some problems to people. D．It is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age. 4．The writer’s main purpose in writing this passage is to ________. A．question about the standards of information storage B．discuss our problems of communication with machines C．stress the importance of improving our remembering ability D．remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember 五、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Making your school a better place will make everyone around you happier and will get you more excited to go every day. Besides, a better place will also make you more productive. 1 2 Do not stay silent when you see another student getting hurt by others. Speak up confidently and tell them to stop. This will help create a better atmosphere(气氛） at school. Try to deal with arguments between other kids. When you see other students in an argument, you can help deal with the problem. 3 After all, many arguments in school are just misunderstandings between two people. 4 If you know that other students have difficulty learning a subject that you're good at, you can help them by teaching them in that subject. Helping other students to improve their grades will help create a positive atmosphere in school. Make friends with lonely students. If you notice a student who doesn't have many friends or sits alone at lunch, make it a point to become their friend. 5 So why not encourage other people to become friends with them? A. Encourage your classmates to talk to each other. B. Friendship will make them less lonely. C. Teach other students if you can. D. You may get into trouble. E. Stand up bravely. F. The following are some of the ways to make your school a better place. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 一、用单词的正确形式填空 1. open 2. everywhere 3. abroad 4. abroad 5. narrow 6. open 7. walking 8. pollution 二、单选题 1. B · 解析：“both” 表示 “两者都”，修饰复数名词 “sides”，街道有两边，所以用 both。“every” 和 “each” 后接单数名词，“either” 表示 “两者中的任何一个”，不符合语境。 2. B · 解析：“used to do sth.” 表示 “过去常常做某事”，“be used to doing sth.” 表示 “习惯于做某事”。第一空表示叔叔过去常吃中餐，用 “used to eat”；第二空表示现在习惯尝试西餐，用 “be used to trying”。 3. C · 解析：根据 “He often practices playing snooker in the UK.” 可知丁俊晖去了国外，“abroad” 表示 “到国外；在国外”，“go abroad” 意为 “出国”。 4. C · 解析：根据 “These natural disasters” 可知这些自然灾害警告我们要保护 “环境”，“environment” 符合语境。“engineer” 意为 “工程师”，“energy” 意为 “能源”，“example” 意为 “例子”。 5. D · 解析：根据 “How clean the classroom is!” 可知强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响（教室现在很干净），用现在完成时 “have/has + 过去分词”，主语 “someone” 是不定代词，助动词用 has，clean 的过去分词是 cleaned，所以用 “has cleaned”。 6. B · 解析：“This is the first time + （that） sb. have/has done sth.” 是固定句型，意为 “这是某人第一次做某事”，所以用 “have been”。 7. C · 解析：“10 years ago” 用于一般过去时；“for + 时间段”，“since + 时间点” 用于现在完成时，“for 10 years ago” 表述错误，“for a long time” 表示 “很长时间”，原句少了 “a”。“since 1995” 表示 “自从 1995 年以来”，可用于现在完成时，符合语境。 8. D · 解析：“used to do sth.” 表示 “过去常常做某事”，“be used to doing sth.” 表示 “习惯于做某事”。第一空表示他过去常常开车，用 “used to drive”；第二空表示现在习惯走路，用 “is used to walking”。 三、完形填空 1. A · 解析：“insist” 有 “坚持” 之意，这里指女儿坚持要 “我” 去山顶看些东西。“suspect” 意为 “怀疑”；“prefer” 意为 “更喜欢”；“appoint” 意为 “任命；指定”，均不符合语境。 2. C · 解析：前文提到 “我” 不想在雨天开车去蜿蜒的山路，所以这里是 “不情愿地” 踏上两小时的旅程。“automatically” 意为 “自动地”；“absolutely” 意为 “绝对地”；“faithfully” 意为 “忠实地”，均不符合文意。 3. C · 解析：“thick” 有 “厚的；浓密的” 之意，“be thick with” 表示 “充满；布满”，这里指小路布满了松针。“damp” 意为 “潮湿的”；“firm” 意为 “坚定的；牢固的”；“mild” 意为 “温和的”，均不符合语境。 4. A · 解析：“rivers of flowers” 表示 “花的河流”，形容花像河流一样流淌在山谷间，形象地描绘出花的繁茂。“bunches” 表示 “束；串”，“pairs” 表示 “双；对”，“branches” 表示 “树枝”，均不如 “rivers” 能体现花的流动感。 5. C · 解析：“shone like a carpet” 说明花像被阳光照耀一样闪耀，“sun” 符合语境，好像太阳把金子洒下山坡。“storm” 意为 “暴风雨”；“wind” 意为 “风”；“volcano” 意为 “火山”，均不符合文意。 6. A · 解析：看到如此美景，“我” 好奇是谁 “创造” 了这样的美。“create” 表示 “创造”，符合语境。“imitate” 意为 “模仿”；“predict” 意为 “预测”；“convey” 意为 “传达”，均不符合文意。 7. B · 解析：表示 “牌子上写着” 用 “read”，过去式仍为 “read”。“move” 意为 “移动”；“call” 意为 “呼叫；称呼”；“appear” 意为 “出现”，均不符合语境。 8. D · 解析：“我” 被深深感动，几乎说不出话来。“speak” 表示 “说话”，符合语境。“see” 意为 “看见”；“smile” 意为 “微笑”；“sleep” 意为 “睡觉”，均不符合文意。 9. B · 解析：“wonder” 有 “奇迹；奇观” 之意，这里指这件事的奇妙之处让 “我” 看到了可能性的世界。“judgment” 意为 “判断”；“contribution” 意为 “贡献”；“trend” 意为 “趋势”，均不符合语境。 10. C · 解析：这里指看到了 “可能的” 世界，即如果坚持去做一件事，可能会实现的世界。“steady” 意为 “稳定的”；“concrete” 意为 “具体的”；“contradictory” 意为 “矛盾的”，均不符合文意。 11. A · 解析：“accomplish” 表示 “完成；实现”，这里指如果每天坚持做一点，可能会实现什么。“oppose” 意为 “反对”；“risk” 意为 “冒险”；“strengthen” 意为 “加强”，均不符合语境。 12. D · 解析：“Better yet” 表示 “更好的是”，女儿建议 “我” 更好的是从今天就开始。“Later” 意为 “后来”；“Closer” 意为 “更近的”；“Faster” 意为 “更快的”，均不符合语境。 四、阅读理解 1. B · 解析：根据 “Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.” 可知，智能机器可能会增加我们的偏见是因为我们控制着对它们的训练过程，我们决定正确答案，所以选 B。 2. C · 解析：根据 “But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.” 可知，从互联网获取信息的容易程度误导我们认为我们已经知道了这些知识，所以选 C。 3. B · 解析：根据 “Researchers have realized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases, and smart machines are likely to increase our biases.” 等内容可知，虽然智能机器能帮助我们获取知识，但并非不再需要记住大多数事情，且使用智能机器会带来一些问题，所以 B 选项表述错误。A 选项，根据 “Most said students should spend less time remembering facts and have more space for creative activities.” 可知表述正确；C 选项，文章提到智能机器会增加偏见、获取信息容易产生误解等问题，表述正确；D 选项，根据 “And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.” 可知表述正确。 4. D · 解析：文章主要讨论了依赖智能机器获取知识可能带来的问题，如增加偏见、导致误解、存在依赖风险等，目的是提醒我们依赖机器记忆的风险，所以选 D。 五、根据短文内容选最佳选项 1. F · 解析：文章下文介绍了让学校变得更好的方法，F 选项 “以下是一些让你的学校变得更好的方法” 起到引出下文的作用，所以选 F。 2. E · 解析：根据 “Do not stay silent when you see another student getting hurt by others. Speak up confidently and tell them to stop.” 可知，当看到其他学生被欺负时要勇敢站出来，E 选项 “勇敢地站起来” 符合语境，所以选 E。 3. A · 解析：前文提到看到学生争吵要帮忙解决问题，A 选项 “鼓励你的同学互相交谈”，因为很多争吵是误解，鼓励交谈有助于解决问题，符合语境，所以选 A。 4. C · 解析：根据 “If you know that other students have difficulty learning a subject that you're good at, you can help them by teaching them in that subject.” 可知，如果你能教其他学生，就帮助他们，C 选项 “如果可以，教其他学生” 符合语境，所以选 C。 5. B · 解析：前文提到和孤独的学生交朋友，B 选项 “友谊会让他们不那么孤独”，符合语境，所以选 B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$