精品解析：上海市甘泉外国语中学2024-2025学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题

2024学年第一学期高一12月英语阶段反馈 总分140分 时间120分钟 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Go to class. B. Take a rest. C. Go with the woman. D. See a movie. 2. A. Watching movies. B. Having coffee. C. Visiting the park. D. Spending the night. 3. A. She didn’t hear about John’s being dismissed. B. She is surprised that John should be dismissed. C. It’s not wise of John’s boss to dismiss John. D. John is certain to be dismissed sooner or later. 4. A. In a hardware store. B. At a post office. C. At a garage. D. In an art supply store. 5. A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Employer and employee. D. Classmates. 6. A. Go to the beach. B. Attend the lecture. C. Go shopping. D. Have a job interview. 7. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 30 minutes. D. 40 minutes. 8. A. Tina is hardworking and deserves the first place. B. Tina did wonder to win the first place with little training. C. Tina spent too much time on the swimming competition. D. Tina didn’t pay enough attention to playing the piano. 9. A. The woman’s mother didn’t go to the US because she decided not to. B. The woman didn’t want her mother to go for the trip with her. C. The woman’s mother once considered going to the US with the woman. D. The woman’s mother was unable to travel because she was disappointed. 10. A. Walking to Bill’s new house is very tiring. B. Bill hasn’t moved into his new house. C. The woman doesn’t like Bill’s new house. D. Bill’s new house is located near the airport Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Chinese food was lovely. B. Chinese food tasted better and better. C. The meat and vegetables of Chinese food tasted fresh. D. I learned more about the food. 12. A. Because in this way they could feed more people. B. Because they wanted to save time in cooking food. C. Because they used hot oil to cook food with. D. Because they wanted to save wood. 13. A. The fresh flavor of food. B. Small pieces of food. C The way Chinese cooked. D. The way Chinese used wood. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. People don’t have privacy. B. People know each other very well. C. People do things at the same time. D. People are not willing to offer help. 15. A. London is a very large town. B. They don’t know their neighbors. C. People go to different places at their leisure. D. There are no people in the center of London. 16. A. You greet your neighbor in the morning. B. An old lady was found dead for weeks. C. You always get help. D. You have dinner with your friends. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Conservative. B. Friendly. C. Open. D. Arrogant. 18. A. They chat with fellow passengers. B. They greet the strangers warmly. C. They keep silent all the way. D. They talk about weather with each other. 19. A. She has been accepted by all her colleagues. B. She has never been invited to a colleague’s home. C. She has been eager to visit an English castle. D. She has been integrated into the lives of her colleagues. 20. A. Because houses are more spacious. B. Because houses are less costly. C. Because they want a garden of their own. D. Because they want to have more privacy. Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A: Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Health Warning as UK Swelters People across the UK have enjoyed the sunshine this week, but they have also been advised to be careful as a heat wave hits much of the country. A heat wave is defined ____1____ a period of hot weather where temperatures are higher than is expected for the time of year. They usually happen in summer. However, climate change (long-term changes to weather patterns, mostly ____2____ (cause) by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, farming and cutting down forests) is increasing the chance of heat waves happening and making them more extreme. The current hot weather is even ____3____ (much) extreme in some European countries — temperatures in southern Spain have reached 46℃. Heat waves can be a danger to people’s health, especially for those ____4____ are vulnerable (易受影响的) such as the elderly children and people with certain health conditions. However, anyone ____5____ suffer from the effects of extreme heat, including dehydration (not having enough water) and heatstroke (a condition caused by the body overheating). A group of leading UK scientists have recommended that heat waves should ____6____ (name) in order to raise awareness of the health risks. The Met Office, the UK’s national weather service, has issued an amber warning. Temperatures are expected ____7____ (rise) to 35℃, and there have been predictions ____8____ the record for the UK’s hottest day could be broken. Government officials have met to discuss whether to introduce a heat wave emergency. To cope with hot weather, the NHS (National Health Service) says people should try to keep out of the Sun between 11 am and 3 pm, ____9____ temperatures are at their highest and the sun is strongest. Make sure you wear a hat, ____10____ (apply) sunscreen under the sunlight and drink plenty of water. If you are swimming outdoors to cool down, make sure you’re with a trusted adult and follow local safety advice. Section B: Directions: Read the following passage and complete it by using the words in the box. Each choice can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. currently B. requests C. attitude D. common E. specially F. refers G. frequent H. regional I. contributes J. essential K variety The Art of Gift Giving in China On my fifth birthday party, after having opened all of my gifts, I expressed my disappointment at the lack of planning and understanding of me that they revealed. Not much has changed since becoming an adult, except that I have learned to keep my mouth shut. In China, though, my beliefs fit right in. Gifts are a (an) ___11___ part of friendships and business relationships, and Chinese people share my ___12___ that a gift should be special, and should have substance (实质). That doesn’t mean expensive, and in fact it ___13___ to being “thoughtful”. In America, for example, it wouldn’t be uncommon for a friend to come to a dinner at your home and bring a candle. But in China, if you received a candle, it would have to be very, very special ---such as a candle made only in the southern provinces of China from tallow tree (乌桕树) berries, using techniques that have been in place for more than 1,500 years. That’s ___14___ a gift. I have received some beautiful gifts from my Chinese colleagues, including tea sets ___15___ made for me, hand-painted fans, paintings and many books with special significance. In turn, I must give gifts. I have three standard gifts I use for first meetings: a coffee table book of Arizona photos, an Arizona snow globe and candy made from cactus (仙人掌). Sometimes the gifts I give are things that my colleague ___16___ from America, such as vitamins and cosmetics (化妆品) not available in China. As I travel throughout America, I also keep my eyes open for ___17___ gifts, like “tobacco spit” pottery from Kentucky, any “I Love N. Y.” items, United States Congress pens from the Capitol gift shop, California wines or polished semi-precious gems (宝石) from the Southwest. I keep a (an) ___18___ of gifts in my apartment in Shanghai that I am always restocking as I go back and forth from the United States. Thanks to my ___19___ gift exchanges, I have received some amazing things that I truly cherish. And I am glad to finally have found friends who have much in ___20___ and enjoy giving and receiving meaningful gifts. Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A: Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Most high schools in the United States begin the school day early, often before the first rays of the sun peek over the horizon. The average start times ____21____ state by state from 7:40 am (Louisiana) to 8:33 a. m. (Alaska). For districts that are considering a later start, there are powerful statements from ____22____ associations. William E. Kobler, a physician and AMA (American Medical Association) board member stated, “We believe delaying school start times will ____23____ students get enough sleep, and that it will improve the overall mental and physical health of our nation’s young people.”____24____, there are several problems in delaying high school start times. Transportation Concerns: Early start times were ____25____ in order for school districts to provide bus transportation using the same buses for elementary and high school students. Later start time for high schools could require ____26____ buses or earlier elementary school start times. Parental Supervision: In a delayed start, there may be parents of high school students who will be ____27____ to drive students to school and get to work on time. This ____28____ would mean high school students would have the responsibility of getting themselves ready for school. If elementary schools start earlier, the dismissal (解散) time will be earlier as well, and that may ____29____ more hours of after-school daycare. Sports or Activities: For students who participate in sports or other activities, a delayed start will mean these activities will end several hours after school. The later hours could ____30____ the time for study, homework, and social activities. Coordination (协调) of sports schedules with other schools in area leagues or divisions would be ____31____ unless all other participating schools also delayed sports schedules. Community use of school ____32____ would be delayed as well. Employment: Many students work to save money for college or another career-related goal. Employers of teens would have to ____33____ the work schedules for students if school dismissal times were to change. If elementary schools begin earlier, there would be a need to ____34____ afterschool daycare opportunities. High school students, however would not be ____35____ to work in a daycare for the first hour or two. Any move to start school later will require great changes in daily schedules. As a result, school administrators should think twice before taking steps. 21 A. last B. range C. exist D. happen 22. A. medical B. athletic C. scientific D. educational 23. A. prove B. ensure C. suggest D. arrange 24. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However 25. A. set off B. held back. C. carried out D. turned over 26. A. regular B. punctual C. additional D. temporary 27. A. reliable B. agreeable C. essential D. unable 28. A. shift B. event C. request D. concept 29. A. prevent B. require C. offer D. encourage 30. A. limit B. remove C. enhance D. maintain 31. A. simple B. exact C. difficult D. urgent 32. A. associations B. organizations C. assignments D. facilities 33. A. extend B. adjust C. divide D. avoid 34. A. seize B. abandon C. reduce D. increase 35. A. available B. comfortable C. careful D. efficient Section B: Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Confucius Institute The Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture. ★Class Fees The cost of classes is $225 ($170 for Chinese Rehab) ★Class Calendar The Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule. The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions. Classes are not held on University holidays. The upcoming class sessions will be: Spring 2024: February I-April 7 Summer 2024: June 13-August 25 Tentative class calendar: The schedule may change due to teacher availability. MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY Beginning I, Section A 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning I, Section B 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning II 6:00～7:30 p. m. Intermediate II 6:00～7:00 p. m. Chinese Rehab 6:30～7:00 p. m. Intermediate I 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning III 6:00～7:30 p. m. Intermediate III 6:00～7:30 p. m. ★Class Cancellations Any class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted. If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control, we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class. ★Contact Information The Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus. The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building. Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S. E. and 4th Street through the doors located near the “University International Center” sign. Office hours The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a. m. until 4:30 p. m. The office is closed daily from 12:00 noon until 1:00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays. Office Address 160 University International Center, 331-17th Ave. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55414 Phone: 612625-5080 Fax: 612-625-5158 Email: confucius@umn.edu 36. Chinese Rehab ______. A. costs more money B. is held on Monday C. lasts one and a half hours D. has four classes a week 37. To get information about the classes, you can visit the office ______. A. on Monday noon B. at 12:30 a. m., Tuesday C. on Wednesday evening D. at 1:30 p. m., Friday 38. What is TRUE about the classes? A. The schedule may be changeable. B. They can be one-to-one instruction. C. They are held on University holidays. D. They start at the beginning of the University semester. (B) One survey of 485 adults in the U.S. linked travel to enhanced attention, energy, and focus. Other research suggests that the act of adapting to foreign cultures may also facilitate (促进) creativity. But what about the act of planning a trip? Planning a trip can be almost as enjoyable as going on the trip itself. A Cornell University study looked into how looking forward to an experience (like a trip) can increase a person’s happiness considerably — much more so than the anticipation of buying material goods. An earlier study, published by the University of Surrey, found that people are at their happiest when they have a vacation planned. Amit Kumar, one of the co-authors of the Cornell study, explains that the benefits are less about obsessing (使迷恋) over the finer points of a journey than they are about connecting with other people. “Travelers end up talking to people more about their experiences than they talk about material purchases,” he says. “Compared to possessions, experiences make for better story material.” Kumar’s co-author Matthew Killingsworth, now a senior fellow at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, says trip-planning encourages an optimistic outlook. “As humans, we spend a lot of our mental lives living in the future,” says Killingsworth, whose work centers on understanding the nature and causes of human happiness. “Our future-mindedness can be a source of joy if we know good things are coming, and travel is an especially good thing to look forward to.” One reason Killingsworth thinks that planning travel can be such a positive experience is the fact that trips are temporary. “Since we know a trip has a defined start and end, our minds are likely to enjoy it, even before it’s started,” he says. “Sometimes people even prefer to delay good experiences like a trip so they can extend the period of excitement.” There’s another reason why travel planning can produce happiness: We often know enough about a trip to imagine it and look forward to it — but there’s also enough novelty and uncertainty to keep our minds interested. “In a sense, we start to ‘consume’ a trip as soon as we start thinking about it,” Killingsworth says. “When we imagine eating gelato, the famous ice cream in Rome or going water skiing with friends we don’t see as much as we’d like, we get to experience a version of those events in our mind.” Planning for travel — thinking about it, talking about it, imagining it — may in fact be one of the best things you can do to stay optimistic. 39. What does the word “anticipation” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Worry. B. Experience. C. Benefit. D. Expectation. 40. According to Amit Kumar, the more important reason why trip is beneficial is that ______. A the finer points of a journey become a good memory B. travelers can make up better stories based on their trips C. more chances are given to make contact with local people D. travel experiences provide more topics for communication 41. According to Matthew Killingsworth, planning a trip can make people happy because ______. A. they are able to have their exciting trip extended B. something good is believed to happen in the future C. the enough knowledge of a trip arouses their interests D. humans’ happiness comes from their future experience 42. What is the best title for the passage? A. Why planning trips helps mental health? B. Why a trip needs to be planned ahead? C. Why travelers should be optimistic? D. Why people are keen on traveling? (C) Post-00s is a documentary about growing up. It covers almost every aspect of millennials’ experiences on their path toward adolescence — their struggles with schoolwork, their relationship with peers, their confusion if a younger brother or sister is born into the family, and their growing desire to keep a distance from their parents. But this five-episode series was different from any other TV program with a similar theme. Post-00s was filmed over a period of 10 years, during which the show’s makers followed a group of kids in Beijing from when they were infants through to when they became teenagers. In other words, the show’s “characters” grow older for real, and their stories are all real. “Coming-of-age” stories, as they’re known, have a special appeal. They satisfy our curiosity of peeking (窥视) at someone else’s life, and we become more and more attached to the characters as if we truly know them. And while we enjoy the truthfulness of the stories because nothing is set in advance, we also can’t help but feel the cruelty of reality. After all, there’s no re-writing of the script (剧本) and there’s no turning back — this is real life. This realness can also be seen in Boyhood, a 2014 film that won the Silver Bear award for best director at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. During a period of 12 years, the film follows the life of Mason Jr-played by US actor EHar Coltrane — from when he was 6 to when he finished high school. One of Boyhood’s appeals comes from its “ordinariness”, according to Independent editor Geoffrey Macnab. “Mason Jr isn’t some child genius… He is a quietly spoken, fairly typical American boy, growing up in the Texas suburbs. He likes riding his bike and playing video games. While coming-of-age stories may look ordinary on the outside, they often allow us to look underneath the surface and see something extraordinary — the power of life itself. 43. In the documentary, we see post-00’s growing experience EXCEPT______. A. how they deal with their studies B. how they help look after brothers or sisters C. how they get along with people of their age D. how much they long to be completely independent of parents 44. What do Post-00 and Boyhood have in common? A. They’re intended to win an award for best director. B. The heroes and heroines are characters themselves. C. They’re a kind of reality show of ordinary kids’ growth. D. The stories are based on true life but polished by writers. 45. Audience are interested in “coming-of-age” stories because ______. A. they can see the truth of life B. they know the characters well C. they are much fond of gossip D. they appreciate stories of daily life 46. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Post-00s are different geniuses. B. Actors are ordinary characters. C. Documentary is real life. D. Life is one big story. (D) Britain has a population of over 66 million ___47___ About 80% of the population live in England, with over 8 million in the capital. The rest are distributed in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. ___48___ These people settled in England and drove the native Celtic people (凯尔特人) to the mountainous areas of Wales and Scotland. Their language became the official language of the country. Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants (后代) of the Celtic people who were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. ___49___ Besides the early groups from Europe, Britain has many Italians, Greeks, Australians and New Zealanders who have settled in the country as permanent residents. In addition, there is a large number of immigrants from Africa and Asia. Most of them come from the former colonies of the British Empire, such as India, Pakistan, Bangladesh (孟加拉国), the Caribbean Islands and some African countries. All these immigrants have made Britain one of the most culturally diverse countries in Europe. In London, for instance it is estimated that more than 300 languages and dialects are spoken. English is a member of the Indo-European family of language (印欧语系). This broad family includes most of European languages spoken today. ___50___ This group began as a common language about 3000 years ago and was later split into three subgroups: East Germanic North Germanic and West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group. The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English. A. The Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes began populating the British Isles in the 5th and 6th centuries. B. English is in the Germanic group of this family. C. The Irish people are also of Celtic origin. D. William the conqueror the Duke of Normandy, invaded and conquered England and the Anglo-Saxons in 1056. E. The majority of the population is descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe who went to England between the 5th and 6th century. F. Its overall population density (密度) is among the highest in the world. Ⅳ. Choose the best answer. 51. My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 52. ________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. A. Unless B. Once C. If D. When 53. ________ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because 54. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______ great it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever 55. It was in Xi’an, known as Chang’an-during the Dang Dynasty, ______ Xuan Zang started his travels to the West. A. where B. and C. that D. from which 56. A cultural object usually refers to an item ______ is loosely related to a particular culture. A. which B. / C. one D. whose 57. A cultural celebration usually refers to an event ______ the traditions of a particular people or place are celebrated. A. that B. whose C. which D. where 58. Florence is probably a place where history comes alive, bringing you back to a time ______ art, culture and science were being reborn. A. that B. which C. when D. in that 59. The way ______ Mexicans tell time actually has actually allowed me to live far more in the right now than I ever did before. Which one of the following choices is wrong! A. that B. in which C. which D. / 60. I saw him wear a ______ expression as he was trying to work out the ______ puzzle. A. confusing; confusing B. confused; confusing C. confused; confused D. confusing; confused Ⅴ. Translation 61. 乘客们被提醒下飞机时要带走所有个人物品。(remind) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 62. 父母越开明，孩子就越能投入地参与课外活动。（involve）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 63. 即使你觉得自己的英语很好了，和本地人打交道时，也可能碰到一些让你困惑的情形。（likely）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 64. 毫无疑问，随着人们生活水平的提高，越来越多人选择出国旅游来感受不同国家的文化差异和风俗习惯。（doubt）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅵ. Guided Writing 65. Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你校将举行一个成人仪式，你将作为代表在仪式上发言。请你按以下内容要点准备一篇英文发言稿。 1. 过去对成年的向往；2. 现在的感受和认识；3. 将来的目标及措施。 注意：可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；发言稿开头与结束语已为你写好（不计入总词数）。 开头：Good morning, everyone! 结尾：Thank you for listening. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期高一12月英语阶段反馈 总分140分 时间120分钟 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Go to class. B. Take a rest. C. Go with the woman. D. See a movie. 2. A. Watching movies. B. Having coffee. C. Visiting the park. D. Spending the night. 3 A. She didn’t hear about John’s being dismissed. B. She is surprised that John should be dismissed. C. It’s not wise of John’s boss to dismiss John. D. John is certain to be dismissed sooner or later. 4. A. In a hardware store. B. At a post office. C. At a garage. D. In an art supply store. 5. A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Employer and employee. D. Classmates. 6. A. Go to the beach. B. Attend the lecture. C. Go shopping. D. Have a job interview. 7. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 30 minutes. D. 40 minutes. 8. A. Tina is hardworking and deserves the first place. B. Tina did wonder to win the first place with little training. C. Tina spent too much time on the swimming competition. D. Tina didn’t pay enough attention to playing the piano. 9. A. The woman’s mother didn’t go to the US because she decided not to. B. The woman didn’t want her mother to go for the trip with her. C. The woman’s mother once considered going to the US with the woman. D. The woman’s mother was unable to travel because she was disappointed. 10. A. Walking to Bill’s new house is very tiring. B. Bill hasn’t moved into his new house. C. The woman doesn’t like Bill’s new house. D. Bill’s new house is located near the airport Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Chinese food was lovely. B. Chinese food tasted better and better. C. The meat and vegetables of Chinese food tasted fresh. D. I learned more about the food. 12. A. Because in this way they could feed more people. B. Because they wanted to save time in cooking food. C. Because they used hot oil to cook food with. D. Because they wanted to save wood. 13. A. The fresh flavor of food. B. Small pieces of food. C. The way Chinese cooked. D. The way Chinese used wood. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. People don’t have privacy. B. People know each other very well. C. People do things at the same time. D. People are not willing to offer help. 15. A. London is a very large town. B. They don’t know their neighbors. C. People go to different places at their leisure. D. There are no people in the center of London. 16. A. You greet your neighbor in the morning. B. An old lady was found dead for weeks. C. You always get help. D. You have dinner with your friends. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Conservative. B. Friendly. C. Open. D. Arrogant. 18. A. They chat with fellow passengers. B. They greet the strangers warmly. C. They keep silent all the way. D. They talk about weather with each other. 19. A. She has been accepted by all her colleagues. B. She has never been invited to a colleague’s home. C. She has been eager to visit an English castle. D. She has been integrated into the lives of her colleagues. 20. A. Because houses are more spacious. B. Because houses are less costly. C. Because they want a garden of their own. D. Because they want to have more privacy. Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A: Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Health Warning as UK Swelters People across the UK have enjoyed the sunshine this week, but they have also been advised to be careful as a heat wave hits much of the country. A heat wave is defined ____1____ a period of hot weather where temperatures are higher than is expected for the time of year. They usually happen in summer. However, climate change (long-term changes to weather patterns, mostly ____2____ (cause) by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, farming and cutting down forests) is increasing the chance of heat waves happening and making them more extreme. The current hot weather is even ____3____ (much) extreme in some European countries — temperatures in southern Spain have reached 46℃. Heat waves can be a danger to people’s health, especially for those ____4____ are vulnerable (易受影响的) such as the elderly children and people with certain health conditions. However, anyone ____5____ suffer from the effects of extreme heat, including dehydration (not having enough water) and heatstroke (a condition caused by the body overheating). A group of leading UK scientists have recommended that heat waves should ____6____ (name) in order to raise awareness of the health risks. The Met Office, the UK’s national weather service, has issued an amber warning. Temperatures are expected ____7____ (rise) to 35℃, and there have been predictions ____8____ the record for the UK’s hottest day could be broken. Government officials have met to discuss whether to introduce a heat wave emergency. To cope with hot weather, the NHS (National Health Service) says people should try to keep out of the Sun between 11 am and 3 pm, ____9____ temperatures are at their highest and the sun is strongest. Make sure you wear a hat, ____10____ (apply) sunscreen under the sunlight and drink plenty of water. If you are swimming outdoors to cool down, make sure you’re with a trusted adult and follow local safety advice. 【答案】1. as 2. caused 3. more 4. who 5. can##may 6. be named 7. to rise 8. that 9. when 10. apply 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要讲述了英国受到热浪袭击，专家对公众发出的健康预警以及应对高温的相关建议。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：热浪被定义为一段时间的炎热天气，期间的温度高于一年中这一时间的预期水平。此处是固定搭配：be defined as意为“定义为”，填介词as。故填as。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，气候变化（天气模式的长期变化，主要由燃烧化石燃料、耕种和砍伐森林等人类活动引起）正在增加热浪发生的机会，并使其更加极端。本句已有谓语动词is，所以cause用非谓语形式，根据后文的by可知，用过去分词表被动，作后置定语修饰long-term changes to weather patterns。故填caused。 【3题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在一些欧洲国家，目前的炎热天气甚至更为极端——西班牙南部的气温已达到46摄氏度。根据空前的even可知，even修饰形容词extreme的比较级，extreme为多音节单词，其比较级为more extreme。故填more。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：热浪可能对人们的健康构成威胁，特别是对那些脆弱的人，如老人、孩子和有某些健康状况的人。空处引导定语从句，先行词是those，代指人，在从句中作主语，应填关系代词，当先行词为those时，关系代词用who。故填who。 【5题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：然而，任何人都可能遭受极端高温的影响，包括脱水（没有足够的水）和中暑（由身体过热引起的一种情况）。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词为suffer，根据上文“Heat waves can be a danger to people’s health”可知，此处表示“可能遭受……”，使用情态动词may。此处也应该使用can表示基于现有证据或情况对某事发生的可能性进行的较为肯定的判断。故填can/may。 【6题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：一群英国顶尖科学家建议应该给热浪命名，以提高人们对健康风险的认识。name作从句谓语，和主语heat waves之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前是情态动词should，be动词用原形。故填be named。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：气温预计将升至35℃，有预测称，英国最热的一天可能会被打破。be expected to do sth.意为“预计……”；此处表示“气温预计上升”，设空处填动词不定式。故填to rise。 【8题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：气温预计将升至35℃，有预测称，英国最热的一天可能会被打破。空格处位于名词之后，对名词进一步解释，所以为同位语从句，从句不缺成分，句意完整，用连接词that引导。故填that。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为了应对炎热的天气，英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）表示，人们应该在上午11点到下午3点之间尽量远离太阳，这段时间温度最高，太阳也最强。此处引导非限定性定语句，修饰先行词“between 11 am and 3 pm，上午11点到下午3点之间”，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【10题详解】 考查谓语动词以及时态。句意：一定要戴帽子，在阳光下涂防晒霜，多喝水。设空处与wear，drink并列，作从句谓语，从句为一般现在时，主语为you，所以填动词apply原形。故填apply。 Section B: Directions: Read the following passage and complete it by using the words in the box. Each choice can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. currently B. requests C. attitude D. common E. specially F. refers G. frequent H. regional I. contributes J. essential K. variety The Art of Gift Giving in China On my fifth birthday party, after having opened all of my gifts, I expressed my disappointment at the lack of planning and understanding of me that they revealed. Not much has changed since becoming an adult, except that I have learned to keep my mouth shut. In China, though, my beliefs fit right in. Gifts are a (an) ___11___ part of friendships and business relationships, and Chinese people share my ___12___ that a gift should be special, and should have substance (实质). That doesn’t mean expensive, and in fact it ___13___ to being “thoughtful”. In America, for example, it wouldn’t be uncommon for a friend to come to a dinner at your home and bring a candle. But in China, if you received a candle, it would have to be very, very special ---such as a candle made only in the southern provinces of China from tallow tree (乌桕树) berries, using techniques that have been in place for more than 1,500 years. That’s ___14___ a gift. I have received some beautiful gifts from my Chinese colleagues, including tea sets ___15___ made for me, hand-painted fans, paintings and many books with special significance. In turn, I must give gifts. I have three standard gifts I use for first meetings: a coffee table book of Arizona photos, an Arizona snow globe and candy made from cactus (仙人掌). Sometimes the gifts I give are things that my colleague ___16___ from America, such as vitamins and cosmetics (化妆品) not available in China. As I travel throughout America, I also keep my eyes open for ___17___ gifts, like “tobacco spit” pottery from Kentucky, any “I Love N. Y.” items, United States Congress pens from the Capitol gift shop, California wines or polished semi-precious gems (宝石) from the Southwest. I keep a (an) ___18___ of gifts in my apartment in Shanghai that I am always restocking as I go back and forth from the United States. Thanks to my ___19___ gift exchanges, I have received some amazing things that I truly cherish. And I am glad to finally have found friends who have much in ___20___ and enjoy giving and receiving meaningful gifts. 【答案】11. J 12. C 13. F 14. A 15. E 16. B 17. H 18. K 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在中国送礼的艺术，包括礼物的意义、选择及交换等。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：礼物是友谊和商业关系中必不可少一部分，中国人和我有着同样的态度，认为礼物应该是特别的，应该有实质内容。本空修饰名词part，应用形容词，作定语。根据空后的part of friendships and business relationships可知，礼物是友谊和商业关系中必不可少的一部分，用形容词essential“必不可少的”，符合题意。故选J。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：礼物是友谊和商业关系中必不可少的一部分，中国人和我有着同样的态度，认为礼物应该是特别的，应该有实质内容。本空作share的宾语，用名词，根据空后的that a gift should be special, and should have substance可知，中国人和我有着同样的态度，用名词attitude“态度”，符合题意。故选C。 【13题详解】 考查固定短语、时态。句意：这并不意味着昂贵，事实上，它指的是“体贴”。本空为and后句子的谓语，根据空后的to being “thoughtful”可知，空处表示“指的是”，用refer to，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数。故选F。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：这目前就是一份礼物。本空修饰is，用副词，作状语，表示“目前”用副词currently。故选A。 【15题详解】 考查副词。句意：我收到了中国同事送给我的一些漂亮的礼物，包括为我特制的茶具、手绘扇子、绘画和许多具有特殊意义的书籍。本空修饰made，用副词，作状语，根据空后的made for me, hand-painted fans, paintings and many books with special significance可知，为“我”特制的礼物，表示“特意”，用副词specially。故选E。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：有时我送的礼物是我同事要求我从美国带回来的东西，比如在中国买不到的维生素和化妆品。本空为that引导的定语从句的谓语，根据my colleague可知，这些是同事要求“我”从美国带回来的东西，表示“要求”用动词request，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语my colleague为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式requests，符合题意。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当我在美国各地旅行时，我也会留意有地方特色的礼物，比如肯塔基州的“烟草嘴”陶器、任何写着“我爱纽约”的物品、国会大厦礼品店的美国国会钢笔、加州葡萄酒或西南部的抛光半宝石。本空修饰名词gifts，用形容词，作定语，根据空后的like “tobacco spit” pottery from Kentucky, any “I Love N. Y.” items, United States Congress pens from the Capitol gift shop, California wines or polished semi-precious gems (宝石) from the Southwest可知，这些是有地方特色的礼物，表示“有地方特色的”用regional，符合题意。故选H。 【18题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我在上海的公寓里存放着各种各样的礼物，每次从美国往返时，我都会重新进货。根据空后的of gifts可知，此处指各种各样的礼物，a variety of表示“各种各样的”，本空用名词variety，符合题意。故选K。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：多亏了我频繁的礼物交换，我收到了一些我真正珍惜的令人惊叹的东西。本空修饰gift exchanges，作定语，用形容词，此处指频繁的礼物交换，用形容词形式frequent。故选G。 【20题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我很高兴终于找到了有很多共同点的朋友，他们喜欢赠送和接受有意义的礼物。此处指有很多共同点，in common“共同，共有”，本空用common，符合题意。故选D。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A: Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Most high schools in the United States begin the school day early, often before the first rays of the sun peek over the horizon. The average start times ____21____ state by state from 7:40 am (Louisiana) to 8:33 a. m. (Alaska). For districts that are considering a later start, there are powerful statements from ____22____ associations. William E. Kobler, a physician and AMA (American Medical Association) board member stated, “We believe delaying school start times will ____23____ students get enough sleep, and that it will improve the overall mental and physical health of our nation’s young people.”____24____, there are several problems in delaying high school start times. Transportation Concerns: Early start times were ____25____ in order for school districts to provide bus transportation using the same buses for elementary and high school students. Later start time for high schools could require ____26____ buses or earlier elementary school start times. Parental Supervision: In a delayed start, there may be parents of high school students who will be ____27____ to drive students to school and get to work on time. This ____28____ would mean high school students would have the responsibility of getting themselves ready for school. If elementary schools start earlier, the dismissal (解散) time will be earlier as well, and that may ____29____ more hours of after-school daycare. Sports or Activities: For students who participate in sports or other activities, a delayed start will mean these activities will end several hours after school. The later hours could ____30____ the time for study, homework, and social activities. Coordination (协调) of sports schedules with other schools in area leagues or divisions would be ____31____ unless all other participating schools also delayed sports schedules. Community use of school ____32____ would be delayed as well. Employment: Many students work to save money for college or another career-related goal. Employers of teens would have to ____33____ the work schedules for students if school dismissal times were to change. If elementary schools begin earlier there would be a need to ____34____ afterschool daycare opportunities. High school students, however would not be ____35____ to work in a daycare for the first hour or two. Any move to start school later will require great changes in daily schedules. As a result, school administrators should think twice before taking steps. 21. A. last B. range C. exist D. happen 22. A. medical B. athletic C. scientific D. educational 23. A. prove B. ensure C. suggest D. arrange 24. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However 25. A. set off B. held back. C. carried out D. turned over 26. A. regular B. punctual C. additional D. temporary 27. A. reliable B. agreeable C. essential D. unable 28. A. shift B. event C. request D. concept 29. A. prevent B. require C. offer D. encourage 30. A. limit B. remove C. enhance D. maintain 31. A. simple B. exact C. difficult D. urgent 32. A. associations B. organizations C. assignments D. facilities 33. A. extend B. adjust C. divide D. avoid 34. A. seize B. abandon C. reduce D. increase 35. A. available B. comfortable C. careful D. efficient 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。主要讨论了美国高中开学时间的问题。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个州的平均开始时间从早上7:40（路易斯安那州）到8:33（阿拉斯加）不等。A. last持续；B. range变化，变动；C. exist存在；D. happen发生。根据后文“from 7:40 am (Louisiana) to 8:33 a. m. (Alaska)”可知，此处在讲述早上开始上课的时间范围变化。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些考虑推迟启动的地区，医学协会发表了强有力的声明。A. medical医学的；B. athletic运动的；C. scientific科学的；D. educational教育的。根据后文“William E. Kobler, a physician and AMA (American Medical Association) board member stated”可知，是医学协会发表了强有力的声明。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生兼美国医学会董事会成员William E. Kobler表示：“我们相信推迟上学时间将确保学生获得足够的睡眠，并将改善我国年轻人的整体身心健康。”A. prove证明；B. ensure确保；C. suggest建议；D. arrange安排。根据后文“students get enough sleep”结合选项可知，推迟上学时间，应是能确保学生获得足够的睡眠。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，推迟高中开学时间存在几个问题。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover而且；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据后文“there are several problems in delaying high school start times.”可知，和前文内容形成转折关系，用However连接。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：提前上课时间是为了让各学区用同一辆校车接送小学生和中学生。A. set off出发；B. held back隐瞒；C. carried out执行；D. turned over翻转。根据前文“Early start times”可知，此处表述提前上课时间这件事被执行。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：推迟高中的上课时间可能需要额外的校车或提前小学的上课时间。A. regular规律的；B. punctual准时的；C. additional额外的；D. temporary临时的。根据前文“Early start times were 　　　　5　　　　 in order for school districts to provide bus transportation using the same buses for elementary and high school students.”可知，提前上课，可以同一辆校车接送小学生和中学生，如果推迟高中的上课时间，就会需要额外的校车。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在推迟上课的情况下，可能会有高中生的父母无法按时开车送学生上学和上班。A. reliable可靠的；B. agreeable令人愉快的；C. essential必要的；D. unable不能的。根据后文“This 　　　　8　　　　 would mean high school students would have the responsibility of getting themselves ready for school.”可知，高中生将需要自己准备好上学，也就是父母无法按时开车送学生上学和上班。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一转变意味着高中生将需要自己准备好上学。A. shift改变；B. event事件；C. request请求；D. concept概念。根据前文“In a delayed start”可知，推迟上课时间，应是一种改变。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果小学开学较早，放学时间也会较早，这可能需要更多的课后日托时间。A. prevent阻止；B. require要求；C. offer提供；D. encourage鼓励。根据前文“If elementary schools start earlier, the dismissal (解散) time will be earlier as well”可知，小学上课早，那么放学也早，但是父母在上班，所以是需要更多的课后日托时间。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：较晚的时间可能会限制学习、家庭作业和社会活动的时间。A. limit限制；B. remove移除；C. enhance增强；D. maintain保持。根据前文“For students who participate in sports or other activities, a delayed start will mean these activities will end several hours after school.”可知，体育活动将在放学后几个小时才结束，意味着，学习、家庭作业和社会活动的时间就会减少，会形成限制。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除非所有其他参与学校也推迟体育活动时间，否则与地区联赛或分区内的其他学校在体育活动日程上的协调将变得困难。A. simple简单的；B. exact精确的；C. difficult困难的；D. urgent紧急的。根据后文“unless all other participating schools also delayed sports schedules.”可知，除非所有其他参与学校也推迟体育活动时间，时间协调一致，否则协调如此多的学校时间，应是困难的。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：社区对学校设施的使用也将被推迟。A. associations协会；B. organizations组织；C. assignments任务；D. facilities设施。根据前文“a delayed start will mean these activities will end several hours after school.”可知，学生需要使用学校体育设施到比较晚的时间，所以社区对学校体育设施的使用也将被推迟。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果学校要改变放学时间，雇佣青少年的雇主将不得不为学生调整工作时间表。A. extend延伸；B. adjust调整；C. divide分开；D. avoid避免。根据后文“if school dismissal times were to change.”可知，如果学校要改变放学时间，那么雇主将不得不为学生调整工作时间表。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果小学开学时间提前，就需要增加课后日托的机会。A. seize抓住；B. abandon放弃；C. reduce减少；D. increase增加。根据前文“If elementary schools start earlier, the dismissal (解散) time will be earlier as well, and that may 　　　　9　　　　 more hours of after-school daycare.”可知，如果小学开学时间提前，就需要增加课后日托的机会。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在最初的一两个小时里，高中生可能无法去日托机构工作。A. available可获得的，有空的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. careful小心的；D. efficient高效的。根据前文“High school students, however”中的转折可知，小学生的课后日托需要增加，但是高中生可能没有空去日托机构工作。故选A项。 Section B: Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Confucius Institute The Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture. ★Class Fees The cost of classes is $225 ($170 for Chinese Rehab) ★Class Calendar The Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule. The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions. Classes are not held on University holidays. The upcoming class sessions will be: Spring 2024: February I-April 7 Summer 2024: June 13-August 25 Tentative class calendar: The schedule may change due to teacher availability MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY Beginning I, Section A 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning I, Section B 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning II 6:00～7:30 p. m. Intermediate II 6:00～7:00 p. m. Chinese Rehab 6:30～7:00 p. m. Intermediate I 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning III 6:00～7:30 p. m. Intermediate III 6:00～7:30 p. m. ★Class Cancellations Any class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted. If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control, we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class. ★Contact Information The Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus. The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building. Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S. E. and 4th Street through the doors located near the “University International Center” sign. Office hours The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a. m. until 4:30 p. m. The office is closed daily from 12:00 noon until 1:00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays. Office Address 160 University International Center, 331-17th Ave. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55414 Phone: 612625-5080 Fax: 612-625-5158 Email: confucius@umn.edu 36. Chinese Rehab ______. A. costs more money B. is held on Monday C. lasts one and a half hours D. has four classes a week 37. To get information about the classes, you can visit the office ______. A. on Monday noon B. at 12:30 a. m., Tuesday C. on Wednesday evening D. at 1:30 p. m., Friday 38. What is TRUE about the classes? A. The schedule may be changeable. B. They can be one-to-one instruction. C. They are held on University holidays. D. They start at the beginning of the University semester. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了明尼苏达大学孔子学院提供的中文语言和文化课程，包括课程费用、课程日历、取消政策和联系方式等信息。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Class Calendar”部分“Monday: Chinese Rehab 6:30～7:00 p. m. (周一：中文康复 6:30～7:00 p.m.)”可知，Chinese Rehab的日期是周一，故选B项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Office hours”部分“The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a. m. until 4:30 p. m. The office is closed daily from 12:00 noon until 1:00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays. (办公室通常在周一至周五开放，时间为上午8:00至下午4:30。办公室每天中午12:00至下午1:00关闭，并在所有大学假期关闭。)”可知，办公室在周一至周五上午8:00至下午4:30开放，中午12:00至下午1:00关闭。因此，可以在周五下午1:30访问办公室，故选D项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Tentative class calendar”部分“The schedule may change due to teacher availability. (课程时间表可能会因教师的可用性而改变。)”可知，课程时间表可能会因教师可用性而改变。故选A项。 (B) One survey of 485 adults in the U.S. linked travel to enhanced attention, energy, and focus. Other research suggests that the act of adapting to foreign cultures may also facilitate (促进) creativity. But what about the act of planning a trip? Planning a trip can be almost as enjoyable as going on the trip itself. A Cornell University study looked into how looking forward to an experience (like a trip) can increase a person’s happiness considerably — much more so than the anticipation of buying material goods. An earlier study, published by the University of Surrey, found that people are at their happiest when they have a vacation planned. Amit Kumar, one of the co-authors of the Cornell study, explains that the benefits are less about obsessing (使迷恋) over the finer points of a journey than they are about connecting with other people. “Travelers end up talking to people more about their experiences than they talk about material purchases,” he says. “Compared to possessions, experiences make for better story material.” Kumar’s co-author Matthew Killingsworth, now a senior fellow at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, says trip-planning encourages an optimistic outlook. “As humans, we spend a lot of our mental lives living in the future,” says Killingsworth, whose work centers on understanding the nature and causes of human happiness. “Our future-mindedness can be a source of joy if we know good things are coming, and travel is an especially good thing to look forward to.” One reason Killingsworth thinks that planning travel can be such a positive experience is the fact that trips are temporary. “Since we know a trip has a defined start and end, our minds are likely to enjoy it, even before it’s started,” he says. “Sometimes people even prefer to delay good experiences like a trip so they can extend the period of excitement.” There’s another reason why travel planning can produce happiness: We often know enough about a trip to imagine it and look forward to it — but there’s also enough novelty and uncertainty to keep our minds interested. “In a sense, we start to ‘consume’ a trip as soon as we start thinking about it,” Killingsworth says. “When we imagine eating gelato, the famous ice cream in Rome or going water skiing with friends we don’t see as much as we’d like, we get to experience a version of those events in our mind.” Planning for travel — thinking about it, talking about it, imagining it — may in fact be one of the best things you can do to stay optimistic. 39. What does the word “anticipation” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Worry. B. Experience. C. Benefit. D. Expectation. 40. According to Amit Kumar, the more important reason why trip is beneficial is that ______. A. the finer points of a journey become a good memory B. travelers can make up better stories based on their trips C. more chances are given to make contact with local people D. travel experiences provide more topics for communication 41. According to Matthew Killingsworth, planning a trip can make people happy because ______. A. they are able to have their exciting trip extended B. something good is believed to happen in the future C. the enough knowledge of a trip arouses their interests D. humans’ happiness comes from their future experience 42. What is the best title for the passage? A. Why planning trips helps mental health? B. Why a trip needs to be planned ahead? C. Why travelers should be optimistic? D. Why people are keen on traveling? 【答案】39. D 40. D 41. B 42. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出计划旅行几乎和旅行本身一样愉悦，能增加人的幸福感，专家解释计划旅行有益在于能帮助与人建立联系，鼓励乐观的态度，还因让人去了解旅行的同时保持想象、期待和兴趣。 【39题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“A Cornell University study looked into how looking forward to an experience (like a trip) can increase a person’s happiness considerably — much more so (康奈尔大学的一项研究调查了期待一段经历（比如一次旅行）如何能大大增加一个人的幸福感——而且要多得多)”和下文“buying material goods (购买物质商品)”可推知，此处是把对购买物质商品的期待与对一段经历的期待做比较，指出对一段经历的期待更能增加幸福感，画线词意思是“期待，期望”，与D项Expectation意思接近。故选D项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Amit Kumar, one of the co-authors of the Cornell study, explains that the benefits are less about obsessing (使迷恋) over the finer points of a journey than they are about connecting with other people. “Travelers end up talking to people more about their experiences than they talk about material purchases,” he says. “Compared to possessions, experiences make for better story material.” (康奈尔大学研究报告的合著者之一Amit Kumar解释说，旅行的好处不在于沉迷于旅行的细节，而在于与其他人建立联系。他说：“旅行者最终会更多地谈论自己的经历，而不是物质消费。与拥有相比，经历是更好的故事素材。”)”可知，Amit Kumar认为，旅行经历为交流提供了更多的话题，帮助与他人建立联系，因而让人受益。故选D项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段““As humans, we spend a lot of our mental lives living in the future,” says Killingsworth, whose work centers on understanding the nature and causes of human happiness. “Our future-mindedness can be a source of joy if we know good things are coming, and travel is an especially good thing to look forward to.” (“作为人类，我们花了大量的精神生活生活在未来，”Killingsworth说，他的工作重点是理解人类幸福的本质和原因。“如果我们知道好事即将到来，我们的未来意识就会成为快乐的源泉，而旅行是一件特别值得期待的好事。”)”可知，Killingsworth认为，计划旅行能让人相信未来会有好事发生，从而让人觉得快乐。故选B项。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Planning a trip can be almost as enjoyable as going on the trip itself. (计划旅行几乎和旅行本身一样令人愉快)”可知，文章主要讨论了计划旅行通过帮助与人建立联系，鼓励乐观的态度，在让人去了解旅行的同时保持想象、期待和兴趣等方式，对心理健康产生积极影响。因此，A项“为什么计划旅行有助于心理健康？”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 (C) Post-00s is a documentary about growing up. It covers almost every aspect of millennials’ experiences on their path toward adolescence — their struggles with schoolwork, their relationship with peers, their confusion if a younger brother or sister is born into the family, and their growing desire to keep a distance from their parents. But this five-episode series was different from any other TV program with a similar theme. Post-00s was filmed over a period of 10 years, during which the show’s makers followed a group of kids in Beijing from when they were infants through to when they became teenagers. In other words, the show’s “characters” grow older for real, and their stories are all real. “Coming-of-age” stories, as they’re known, have a special appeal. They satisfy our curiosity of peeking (窥视) at someone else’s life, and we become more and more attached to the characters as if we truly know them. And while we enjoy the truthfulness of the stories because nothing is set in advance, we also can’t help but feel the cruelty of reality. After all, there’s no re-writing of the script (剧本) and there’s no turning back — this is real life. This realness can also be seen in Boyhood, a 2014 film that won the Silver Bear award for best director at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. During a period of 12 years, the film follows the life of Mason Jr-played by US actor EHar Coltrane — from when he was 6 to when he finished high school. One of Boyhood’s appeals comes from its “ordinariness”, according to Independent editor Geoffrey Macnab. “Mason Jr isn’t some child genius… He is a quietly spoken, fairly typical American boy, growing up in the Texas suburbs. He likes riding his bike and playing video games. While coming-of-age stories may look ordinary on the outside, they often allow us to look underneath the surface and see something extraordinary — the power of life itself. 43. In the documentary, we see post-00’s growing experience EXCEPT______. A. how they deal with their studies B. how they help look after brothers or sisters C. how they get along with people of their age D. how much they long to be completely independent of parents 44. What do Post-00 and Boyhood have in common? A. They’re intended to win an award for best director. B. The heroes and heroines are characters themselves. C. They’re a kind of reality show of ordinary kids’ growth. D. The stories are based on true life but polished by writers. 45. Audience are interested in “coming-of-age” stories because ______. A. they can see the truth of life B. they know the characters well C. they are much fond of gossip D. they appreciate stories of daily life 46. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Post-00s are different geniuses. B. Actors are ordinary characters. C. Documentary is real life. D. Life is one big story. 【答案】43. D 44. C 45. A 46. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以成长为主题的纪录片《00后》和电影《少年时代》。它们通过记录孩子在成长过程中所经历的真实故事，揭示生活的力量和真实感。 【43题详解】 细节理解题 。根据文章第一段内容“It covers almost every aspect of millennials’ experiences on their path toward adolescence — their struggles with schoolwork, their relationship with peers, their confusion if a younger brother or sister is born into the family, and their growing desire to keep a distance from their parents.(它几乎涵盖了千禧一代在青春期经历的每一个方面——他们在学业上的挣扎，他们与同龄人的关系，他们在家里出生弟弟或妹妹时的困惑，以及他们越来越想与父母保持距离的愿望)”可知，纪录片展示了00后在学业、人际关系、家庭成员出生导致的困惑及与父母疏远的心理变化，但没有提到他们非常渴望完全独立于父母。故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 “Post-00s was filmed over a period of 10 years, during which the show’s makers followed a group of kids in Beijing from when they were infants through to when they became teenagers. In other words, the show’s “characters” grow older for real, and their stories are all real.(《00后》拍摄了10年，拍摄者跟踪记录了一组北京的孩子从婴儿到青少年的成长过程。换言之，剧中的“角色”真实地变老了，他们的故事都是真实的。)”以及第四段中对《少年时代》的描述“This realness can also be seen in  Boyhood , a 2014 film that won the Silver Bear award for best director at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. During a period of 12 years, the film follows the life of Mason Jr-played by US actor EHar Coltrane — from when he was 6 to when he finished high school.(这种真实性也可以在《少年时代》中看到，这部2014年的电影在第64届柏林国际电影节上获得了银熊奖最佳导演奖。在12年的时间里，这部电影讲述了小梅森（由美国演员埃哈尔·科尔特兰饰演）从6岁到高中毕业的生活）”可以看出，两者都记录了普通孩子的成长过程，属于一种展现真实生活的“现实节目”。故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Coming-of-age” stories, as they’re known, have a special appeal. They satisfy our curiosity of peeking (窥视) at someone else’s life, and we become more and more attached to the characters as if we truly know them. And while we enjoy the truthfulness of the stories because nothing is set in advance, we also can’t help but feel the cruelty of realit (众所周知，“成长故事”有着特殊的吸引力。他们满足了我们窥探别人生活的好奇心，我们越来越喜欢这些角色，就好像我们真的了解他们一样。虽然我们享受故事的真实性，因为没有什么是预先设定的，但我们也不禁感受到现实的残酷)”可知，观众喜欢“成长”故事是因为它呈现了真实的生活。故选A。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通过全文内容并结合最后一段 “While coming-of-age stories may look ordinary on the outside, they often allow us to look underneath the surface and see something extraordinary — the power of life itself.(虽然成长故事看起来很平凡，但它们往往能让人深入表面看到一些非凡之处——生活本身的力量）”可知，文章核心内容强调的是成长故事反映了生活本身的力量。因此，最佳标题为“Life is one big story(生活就是一个大故事)”。故选D。 (D) Britain has a population of over 66 million ___47___ About 80% of the population live in England, with over 8 million in the capital. The rest are distributed in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. ___48___ These people settled in England and drove the native Celtic people (凯尔特人) to the mountainous areas of Wales and Scotland. Their language became the official language of the country. Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants (后代) of the Celtic people who were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. ___49___ Besides the early groups from Europe, Britain has many Italians, Greeks, Australians and New Zealanders who have settled in the country as permanent residents. In addition, there is a large number of immigrants from Africa and Asia. Most of them come from the former colonies of the British Empire, such as India, Pakistan, Bangladesh (孟加拉国), the Caribbean Islands and some African countries. All these immigrants have made Britain one of the most culturally diverse countries in Europe. In London, for instance it is estimated that more than 300 languages and dialects are spoken. English is a member of the Indo-European family of language (印欧语系). This broad family includes most of European languages spoken today. ___50___ This group began as a common language about 3000 years ago and was later split into three subgroups: East Germanic North Germanic and West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group. The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English. A. The Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes began populating the British Isles in the 5th and 6th centuries. B. English is in the Germanic group of this family. C. The Irish people are also of Celtic origin. D. William the conqueror the Duke of Normandy, invaded and conquered England and the Anglo-Saxons in 1056. E. The majority of the population is descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe who went to England between the 5th and 6th century. F. Its overall population density (密度) is among the highest in the world. 【答案】47. F 48. E 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国人口的组成以及英语的发展情况。 【47题详解】 根据上文“Britain has a population of over 66 million.(英国人口超过6600万)”以及后文“About 80% of the population live in England, with over 8 million in the capital. The rest are distributed in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.(大约80%的人口居住在英格兰，首都有800多万人。其余的分布在苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明英国人口的情况，F选项中Its指上文Britain。故F选项“它的总体人口密度是世界上最高的”符合语境，故选F。 【48题详解】 根据后文“These people settled in England and drove the native Celtic people (凯尔特人) to the mountainous areas of Wales and Scotland. Their language became the official language of the country.(这些人定居在英格兰，把当地的凯尔特人赶到威尔士和苏格兰的山区。他们的语言成了这个国家的官方语言)”可知，后文提到了某些人把当地人赶到威尔士和苏格兰的山区，可知本句是在说明These people指的是谁，故E选项“大多数人口是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的后裔，这是一个来自欧洲的日耳曼民族，他们在5世纪到6世纪之间来到英国”符合语境，故选E。 【49题详解】 根据上文“Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people who were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，凯尔特人是英国已知最早的居民)”可知，本段主要说明了凯尔特人的后裔有哪些，C选项中Celtic对应上文Celtic。故C选项“爱尔兰人也是凯尔特人的后裔”符合语境，故选C。 【50题详解】 根据上文“English is a member of the Indo-European family of languages (印欧语系). This broad family includes most of the European languages spoken today.(英语是印欧语系的一员。这个广泛的家族包括今天使用的大多数欧洲语言)”上文提到了“英语是印欧语系的一员”。由此可知，本句主要是在说明英语属于具体哪一个语系，故B选项“英语属于这个语系的日耳曼语系”符合语境，故选B。 Ⅳ. Choose the best answer. 51. My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。 点睛：本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道，4个选项都用了被动语态，本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选项A是过去时；选项B是一般现在时的被动；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。再结合语境进行分析，最终判断出最佳答案。 52. ________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. A. Unless B. Once C. If D. When 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非你能睡好，否则你会在一两个晚上失去集中注意力、计划和保持动力的能力。A.Unless 除非； B.Once 一旦；C.If 如果； D.When 当……时。根据“________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.”前后意思是不一致的，故选表示unless 表示否定意义的连词，如果不，除非，使前后意思一致并引导条件状语从句。故选A。 53. ________ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。A. Once 一旦；B. If如果；C. Although 尽管；D. Because因为。根据语境可知，前后之间是让步关系，故选C。 54. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______ great it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：如果我们有坚强的意志，那么就可以克服任何困难，无论困难有多大。根据句意，无论多么大的困难，我们都能克服，此处是让步关系。great是形容词，所以用however引导。故选C项。 55. It was in Xi’an, known as Chang’an-during the Dang Dynasty, ______ Xuan Zang started his travels to the West. A. where B. and C. that D. from which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：就是在西安，这个在唐代被称为长安的地方，玄奘开始了他的西行之旅。句子结构为强调句：“It was + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分”，在这里强调的是地点“in Xi’an”，构成强调句型，故选C。 56. A cultural object usually refers to an item ______ is loosely related to a particular culture. A. which B. / C. one D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查关系代词。句意：文化对象通常指的是一个与特定文化松散相关的物品。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an item，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故选A项。 57. A cultural celebration usually refers to an event ______ the traditions of a particular people or place are celebrated. A. that B. whose C. which D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：文化庆典通常是指庆祝特定民族或地方传统的活动。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词event，在定语从句中作抽象地点状语，需要用关系副词where。故选D。 58. Florence is probably a place where history comes alive, bringing you back to a time ______ art, culture and science were being reborn. A. that B. which C. when D. in that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：佛罗伦萨可能是一个历史鲜活的地方，带你回到一个艺术、文化和科学正在重生的时代。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a time，在从句中作时间状语，用when引导。故选C项。 59. The way ______ Mexicans tell time actually has actually allowed me to live far more in the right now than I ever did before. Which one of the following choices is wrong! A. that B. in which C. which D. / 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：墨西哥人表达时间的方式实际上让我比以往任何时候更能活在当下。根据语法规则，“the way”后接句子完整的定语从句时可以使用“that”或“in which”，也可以直接省略，不能用“which”。故选C项。 60. I saw him wear a ______ expression as he was trying to work out the ______ puzzle. A. confusing; confusing B. confused; confusing C. confused; confused D. confusing; confused 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查-ing形容词和-ed形容词辨析。句意：我看到他在试图解决那个令人困惑的谜时，面带困惑的表情。第一空修饰名词expression，描述他的情绪状态，应用-ed结尾形容词confused，意为“困惑的”；第二空修饰名词puzzle，意为“令人困惑的”，应用-ing结尾形容词confusing。故选B项。 Ⅴ. Translation 61. 乘客们被提醒下飞机时要带走所有个人物品。(remind) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Passengers are reminded to take all personal belongings with them when deplaning/getting off the plane. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、动词（短语）、形容词和状语从句中的省略。句子在介绍通常的情况，时态宜用一般现在时；主语“乘客们”可用名词passengers，为复数，“被提醒做某事”可用动词短语remind sb. to do的被动式be reminded to do，be动词用are，“带走所有个人物品”可用动词短语take all personal belongings with them，“下飞机时”可用“when+非谓语动词”的表达，为状语从句的省略形式，“下飞机”可用动词deplane或动词短语get off the plane，且deplane或get off和passengers逻辑上是主动关系，因此需用现在分词形式。故可译为：Passengers are reminded to take all personal belongings with them when deplaning/getting off the plane. 62. 父母越开明，孩子就越能投入地参与课外活动。（involve）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The more open-minded parents are, the more actively their children can be involved in extracurricular activities. 【解析】 【详解】考查比较状语从句。本句考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。根据题干，“父母越开明”翻译为The more open-minded parents are，“参与”为be involved in。“课外活动”为extracurricular activities。“孩子就越能投入地参与课外活动”翻译为the more actively their children can be involved in extracurricular activities。故翻译为The more open-minded parents are, the more actively their children can be involved in extracurricular activities. 63. 即使你觉得自己的英语很好了，和本地人打交道时，也可能碰到一些让你困惑的情形。（likely）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Even if you think your English is quite good, you may still be likely to encounter some confusing situations when interacting with/dealing with locals. 【解析】 【详解】考查从句，固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据所给中文句子，“即使你觉得自己的英语很好了”可用even if引导的让步状语从句，“你”作主语，译为“you”，“觉得”作谓语，用think，描述客观状态，用一般现在时，“自己的英语很好了”可用省略that的宾语从句，“自己的英语”作主语，译为“your English”，“很好了”用系表结构，译为“is quite good”，表示“打交道”应用动词短语deal with或者interact with；表示“当……的时候”应用when，表示“和本地人打交道时”应用When you are dealing with local，此句为状语从句的省略，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致且从句含有be动词时，此时可以省略从句的主语和be动词；表示“可能”为be likely to do sth，在句中作谓语；表示“碰到”为动词encounter；表示“情形”应用situations；表示“让你困惑的情形”译为“some confusing situations”。故翻译为Even if you think your English is quite good, you may still be likely to encounter some confusing situations when interacting with/dealing with locals. 64. 毫无疑问，随着人们生活水平的提高，越来越多人选择出国旅游来感受不同国家的文化差异和风俗习惯。（doubt）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is no doubt that with the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more people choose to travel abroad to feel/ experience the cultural differences and customs of/ in different countries 【解析】 【详解】考查doubt引导的同位语从句。题目要求使用doubt造句，可以将“毫无疑问”处理为同位语从句，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，翻译为There is no doubt that；“随着人们生活水平的提高”可以翻译为with the improvement of people’s living standards；“选择出国旅游”翻译为choose to travel abroad；“感受”可以翻译为feel或者experience；“不同国家的文化差异和风俗习惯”翻译为the cultural differences and customs of (或者in) different countries。故整句答案可以翻译为There is no doubt that with the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more people choose to travel abroad to feel/ experience the cultural differences and customs of/ in different countries. Ⅵ. Guided Writing 65. Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假定你校将举行一个成人仪式，你将作为代表在仪式上发言。请你按以下内容要点准备一篇英文发言稿。 1. 过去对成年的向往；2. 现在的感受和认识；3. 将来的目标及措施。 注意：可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；发言稿的开头与结束语已为你写好（不计入总词数）。 开头：Good morning, everyone! 结尾：Thank you for listening. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Good morning, everyone! As we stand here today celebrating our coming-of-age ceremony, I am reminded of the dreams I had about adulthood. In the past, I often imagined being an adult as a time of freedom and independence, where I could make my own decisions without restrictions. The idea of adulthood was filled with endless possibilities and opportunities. Now, as I step into this new phase of life, I realize that adulthood also comes with responsibilities. It is not just about freedom, but about being accountable for my choices and actions. This deeper understanding has made me appreciate the value of maturity and responsibility. Looking forward, I have set clear goals for my future. I aspire to pursue a fulfilling career and continue my education. To achieve these goals, I plan to work hard, stay focused, and seek guidance from those who inspire me. Additionally, I am committed to contributing to my community and making a positive impact. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定考生所在校将举行一个成人仪式，考生将作为代表在仪式上发言。请考生按以下内容要点准备一篇英文发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 庆祝：celebrate→observe 限制：restriction→limitation 充满：be filled with→be full of 实现：achieve→accomplish 2.句式拓展 简单句变强调句 原句：This deeper understanding has made me appreciate the value of maturity and responsibility. 拓展句：It is this deeper understanding that has made me appreciate the value of maturity and responsibility. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Now, as I step into this new phase of life, I realize that adulthood also comes with responsibilities. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] To achieve these goals, I plan to work hard, stay focused, and seek guidance from those who inspire me. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$