精品解析：吉林省通化市辉南县第六中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月第四次月考英语试卷

英语试卷 一．阅读(每小题3分，满分24分) A The California sea otter (海獭), once hunted to the edge of extinction, has staged a thrilling comeback in the last century. Now, scientists have discovered that the otters’ success story has led to something just as remarkable: the restoration of their declining coastal marsh (沼泽) habitat. Elkhorn Slough a coastal marsh within Monterey Bay, had been experiencing severe damage. The root cause was a growing population of shore crabs, which fed heavily on the marsh plants, weakening the structural integrity of the habitat. Coastal marshes like these are not only natural defenses against storm waves but also serve as important carbon storage areas and water-cleaning systems. The conservation-driven comeback of the sea otter has been crucial. California’s coastlines were once alive with sea otters. Sadly, they were nearly wiped out at the hands of fur traders. In the 1980s, conservation efforts aided these otters in re-occupying large areas of their former range. Now, Elkhorn Slough has the highest concentration of sea otters in California, with a population of about 100. By naturally feasting on crabs, the otters have helped a significant regrowth of plant life. Brent Hughes, a scientist working alongside Angelini, led a three-year study. Their findings were clear: in areas with sea otters, crab numbers fell markedly. This led to a resurgence in plant growth, which in turn stabilized the soil and lowered the rate of soil washing away. As the sea otter population continues to restore, their positive impact on coastal ecosystems is likely to increase. It not only showcases the sea otter as a central species - a species that has a significant effect on its natural environment - but also highlights the essential nature of top predators (捕食者) in preserving ecological harmony. “My honest reaction was - this could become a classic in the literature,” says scientist Lekelia Jenkins. She reveals marsh restoration also helps people by reducing flooding. “Suddenly, sea otters go from just cute things we like to something that can protect our livelihoods and our properties.” 1. What change did the disappearance of sea otters bring about? A. Fewer predatory crabs. B. More coastal plant life. C. Better water-cleaning effect. D. Worse coastal ecological balance. 2. What does the underlined word “resurgence” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Barrier. B. Advancement. C. Destruction. D. Revival. 3. What is the author’s purpose in quoting Lekelia Jenkins? A. To highlight the importance of coastal marshes. B. To introduce a new research study on sea otters. C To demonstrate the practical benefits of sea otters. D. To emphasize the need for increased conservation efforts. 4. What message is conveyed from sea otters’ impact? A. The necessity for controlled hunting. B. The interconnectedness of the ecosystem. C. The drawbacks of wildlife reintroduction. D. The need for human intervention in nature. B More than 1,000 meters below the surface of the oceans, it’s very dark. For animals living in this darkness, vision is irrelevant; sound signals, instead, are how they navigate, communicate and search for food. That way of life has come under threat from decades of increasing human noise. A big reason is shipping, which is causing the underwater noise level to go up by about 3.3 decibels (分贝) every ten years. With roughly 90% of traded goods travelling by sea, quieting the ocean through reductions in shipping itself is impractical. Efforts to make ships more efficient, and therefore less polluting, are also likely to reduce noise. But experts say those measures will not do enough to restore quiet. That is why a range of technologies are being developed — from changed propeller (螺旋桨) designs to noise reduction materials — that could allow humans and other animals to co-exist in the ocean. Much of the underwater noise a ship produces comes from its propeller. As the blades (叶片) move, areas of low pressure are formed in their wake which cause the water to boil and produce bubbles, a process known as cavitation (空化现象). When those bubbles break, a low-frequency noise is produced. Such noise can travel thousands of meters underwater without losing strength, interfering with the movements of blue and humpback whales which use these frequencies to communicate. One solution, being developed by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC), includes special materials into the metal propeller blades, allowing their tips — one of the main sites of cavitation — to bend and tum. This movement prevents bubbles from forming and thereby reduces the noise the blades produce, says Rajeev Jaiman of UBC. Based on simulations, the design could reduce cavitation noise by 20 decibels But shipping noise does not come only from the propeller. Roughly 20% comes from the ship itself, as engines and generators work and the ship’s components shake. At low speeds, this percentage rises. To fix the issue, researchers have experimented other methods. 5. What’s the overall purpose of the technologies mentioned in the text? A. To completely remove human-made noise in the oceans. B. To allow humans and sea animals to co-exist harmoniously. C. To replace traditional ship designs with silent alternatives. D. To monitor and record underwater noise levels accurately. 6. What solution is being developed at UBC to reduce cavitation noise? A. Using quieter engines. B. Reducing the speed of the ship. C. Reducing the size of the propeller. D. Creating bendy propellers to prevent cavitation. 7 What will be talked about in the following paragraphs? A. The history of shipping noise pollution. B. The impact of shipping noise on animals. C. More ways to increase shipping efficiency. D. Other alternatives to reduce shipping noise. 8. What’s the main idea of the text? A. The impact of shipping on global trade. B. The negative effect of shipping on ocean ecosystem. C. How to reduce the damage of ship noise to creatures. D. Why reducing underwater noise pollution is important. 二．七选五(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) Moving home is stressful for pets,especially for those with anxiety issues. Whether it’s across town or across the country, changes in routine and environment can cause stress. Here are some ways to reduce pets’ stress when moving. Keep yourself calm. ____9____ When you’re anxious, fed up, or angry, they know. Express a positive and calm attitude whenever possible. Be mindful during the busyness to give extra attention and love to make sure your pets all is well even in the chaos. Set aside a space for pets. Pick a room with a closable door to serve as a safe place. Set up the space with pets’ toys, blankets, food and water dishes. ____10____ To reduce stress from strangers and prevent escapes, keep pets in this room behind a closed door when moving boxes in/out of the house. Research pet hospitals and pet businesses. If you’re moving far enough away, you’ll need a new veterinarian (兽医).You may also need a walker. Well, before moving, do as much research as possible into these. Ask your current veterinarian if they can recommend anyone in your new area. ____11____ Travel prepared.When flying, contact airlines early. ____12____ The USDA requires airlines to follow guidelines in addition to enforcing their own rules. These regulations cover everything from health and vaccination records to feeding times and instructions. ____13____. Pets may need some time to get used to their new digs. Let them sniff (嗅) around and explore rooms. Accompany them to keep an eye out for territorial or anxious marking. As in your former residence, set up a closed-door room with their familiar items until they get used to the new space. A. Keep routines as normal as possible. B Pets pick up on their humans’ moods. C. It’s difficult to avoid stress when moving. D. Give pets time to adapt to new environment. E. Ask about their policies and advance booking requirements. F. It may also be beneficial to create a hiding spot for pets within this room. G. Research local dog parks and local shelters in case of an unfortunate escape. 三．完形填空(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分) With remarkable performances and big smiles, the Brazilian S2 swimmer Gabrielzinho Araujo attracted many fans after winning three gold medals in the Paralympic Games (残奥会). Gabrielzinho ____14____ defended his titles in the men’s 200m freestyle S2 and the men’s 50m backstroke (仰泳) $2 at La Defense Arena. Beyond his swimming ____15____, Gabrielzinho was honored as the male flagbearer (旗手) for Brazil during the Opening Ceremony of the Paralympic Games. Gabrielzinho’s journey ____16____ when a physical education teacher, Aguilar Freitas, noticed his ____17____ and entered him into a school swimming competition. “Neither my mother nor I knew that he had ____18____ me. I went, competed, and won three gold medals. That’s how I started swimming, and I never ____19____. Swimming is the best thing that ever ____20____ me — it completely ____21____ my life,” Gabrielzinho recalled in a 2019 interview about his early career. A six-time world champion, with titles from Madeira 2022 and Manchester 2023, Gabrielzinho____22____ that expectations will only grow after Paris. Yet, he insists there is no ______23______ to his success — just hard work. “You don’t win a medal just in the water. There’s a whole process behind it. When I’m in the water, I’m not ______24______. It’s about the people who ______25______ me, especially my coach Fabio Antunes, whose fantastic work has made these results ______26______. If I’ve achieved all this, it’s because of an ever-growing desire to ______27______ and a belief that I can go even further than I ever ______28______.” 14 A. constantly B. frequently C. normally D. successfully 15. A. achievements B. skills C. results D. records 16. A. concluded B. continued C. broke D. began 17. A. potential B. bravery C. passion D. power 18. A. given up on B. taken pride in C. signed up for D. looked forward to 19. A. announced B. stopped C. explained D. failed 20. A. stuck to B. held back C. stood for D. happened to 21. A. changed B. rescued C. wasted D. simplified 22. A. insists B. understands C. identifies D. proves 23. A. barrier B. secret C. approach D. factor 24. A. worried B. upset C. alone D. frightened 25. A. question B. protect C. miss D. support 26. A. possible B. certain C. surprising D. easy 27. A. resist B. test C. win D. show 28. A. assessed B. imagined C. confirmed D. guessed 四．语法填空(共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分) 语法填空 Opera is a type of classical music and also a mix of several art forms. Like actors in the theater, opera singers act out a story on a stage ____29____ an orchestra (管弦乐队) playing the music. Opera often features ballet or other types of dance, too. In _____30_____ (it) origins, opera expressed noble power and was staged in courtly settings. In seventeenth-century Italy, the birthplace of the form, entertainments____31____(feature) fireworks, instrumental music, singing, dances, and speeches were staged _____32_____ (celebrate) princely weddings or welcome guests. Although not operas in the modern sense, these integrated entertainments promoted _____33_____ (cooperate) among the arts and led to the formation of true opera. By the end of the eighteenth century, opera _____34_____ (become) an international phenomenon, and both comic and serious genres flourished (繁荣) in France, England, and the Habsburg Empire as well as in Italy. Many famous operas were written in the 1700s and 1800s. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was ______35______ important opera composer during the1700s. One of his opera _____36_____ (masterpiece) is The Marriage of Figaro, ____37____ he wrote in 1786. Giuseppe Verdi was a great Italian opera composer of the 1800s. In the late 1800s, German composer Richard Wagner wrote a series of four operas ______38______ (base) on German legends. This famous series is called The Ring of the Nibelung. As opera continues to develop, it becomes more varied than ever. 五．句子翻译(每题2分) 39. 是他的善良给我我留下了深刻的印象。(强调句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 40. 只有通过认真思考我们才能解决这个问题。(only+状语位于句首)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 41. 顾客在家网上购物很方便。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 六．词汇考察(每词2分) 写出词性和汉语意思 42. tendency 43. distinguish 44. component 45. tackle 46. generate 47. assumption 48. intervene 49. clarify 50. concrete 51. proof 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 英语试卷 一．阅读(每小题3分，满分24分) A The California sea otter (海獭), once hunted to the edge of extinction, has staged a thrilling comeback in the last century. Now, scientists have discovered that the otters’ success story has led to something just as remarkable: the restoration of their declining coastal marsh (沼泽) habitat. Elkhorn Slough, a coastal marsh within Monterey Bay, had been experiencing severe damage. The root cause was a growing population of shore crabs, which fed heavily on the marsh plants, weakening the structural integrity of the habitat. Coastal marshes like these are not only natural defenses against storm waves but also serve as important carbon storage areas and water-cleaning systems. The conservation-driven comeback of the sea otter has been crucial. California’s coastlines were once alive with sea otters. Sadly, they were nearly wiped out at the hands of fur traders. In the 1980s, conservation efforts aided these otters in re-occupying large areas of their former range. Now, Elkhorn Slough has the highest concentration of sea otters in California, with a population of about 100. By naturally feasting on crabs, the otters have helped a significant regrowth of plant life. Brent Hughes, a scientist working alongside Angelini, led a three-year study. Their findings were clear: in areas with sea otters, crab numbers fell markedly. This led to a resurgence in plant growth, which in turn stabilized the soil and lowered the rate of soil washing away. As the sea otter population continues to restore, their positive impact on coastal ecosystems is likely to increase. It not only showcases the sea otter as a central species - a species that has a significant effect on its natural environment - but also highlights the essential nature of top predators (捕食者) in preserving ecological harmony. “My honest reaction was - this could become a classic in the literature,” says scientist Lekelia Jenkins. She reveals marsh restoration also helps people by reducing flooding. “Suddenly, sea otters go from just cute things we like to something that can protect our livelihoods and our properties.” 1. What change did the disappearance of sea otters bring about? A. Fewer predatory crabs. B. More coastal plant life. C. Better water-cleaning effect. D. Worse coastal ecological balance. 2. What does the underlined word “resurgence” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Barrier. B. Advancement. C. Destruction. D. Revival. 3. What is the author’s purpose in quoting Lekelia Jenkins? A. To highlight the importance of coastal marshes. B. To introduce a new research study on sea otters. C. To demonstrate the practical benefits of sea otters. D. To emphasize the need for increased conservation efforts. 4. What message is conveyed from sea otters’ impact? A. The necessity for controlled hunting. B. The interconnectedness of the ecosystem. C. The drawbacks of wildlife reintroduction. D. The need for human intervention in nature. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍海獭的恢复历程及其对沿海沼泽生态系统的积极影响，强调了顶级捕食者在维持生态平衡中的重要作用。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Elkhorn Slough, a coastal marsh within Monterey Bay, had been experiencing severe damage. The root cause was a growing population of shore crabs, which fed heavily on the marsh plants, weakening the structural integrity of the habitat. (埃尔克霍恩沼泽是蒙特利湾的一个沿海沼泽，已经遭受了严重的破坏。根本原因是岸边蟹的数量不断增加，它们以沼泽植物为食，削弱了栖息地的结构完整性.)”可知，海獭的消失导致了沿海生态平衡的恶化。故选D项。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词句前文“By naturally feasting on crabs, the otters have helped a significant regrowth of plant life. (通过以螃蟹为食，水獭帮助了植物的再生。)”说明水獭通过以螃蟹为食，可以帮助植物的再生，从而推知划线词句“Their findings were clear: in areas with sea otters, crab numbers fell markedly. This led to a resurgence in plant growth, which in turn stabilized the soil and lowered the rate of soil washing away. (他们的发现很明确：在有海獭的地区，螃蟹的数量明显下降。这导致了植物生长的resurgence，反过来又稳定了土壤，降低了土壤被冲走的速度。)”其中划线词应为“复苏”的意思，与D项同义。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘My honest reaction was - this could become a classic in the literature,’ says scientist Lekelia Jenkins. She reveals marsh restoration also helps people by reducing flooding. ‘Suddenly, sea otters go from just cute things we like to something that can protect our livelihoods and our properties.’ (科学家Lekelia Jenkins 说：‘我的真实反应是，这可能会成为文学经典。’她透露，沼泽恢复也通过减少洪水来帮助人们。‘突然之间，海獭从我们喜欢的可爱动物变成了可以保护我们生计和财产的动物。’)”可知，作者引用Lekelia Jenkins的话是为了展示海獭对人类的实际益处，如减少洪水灾害等。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As the sea otter population continues to restore, their positive impact on coastal ecosystems is likely to increase. It not only showcases the sea otter as a central species - a species that has a significant effect on its natural environment - but also highlights the essential nature of top predators (捕食者) in preserving ecological harmony. (随着海獭数量的持续恢复，它们对沿海生态系统的积极影响可能会增加。它不仅展示了海獭作为一个关键物种——一个对自然环境有重大影响的物种——而且突出了顶级捕食者在维护生态和谐方面的本质。)”可知，文章通过展示海獭对沿海生态系统的积极影响，传达了生态系统之间相互联系的信息。故选B项。 B More than 1,000 meters below the surface of the oceans, it’s very dark. For animals living in this darkness, vision is irrelevant; sound signals, instead, are how they navigate, communicate and search for food. That way of life has come under threat from decades of increasing human noise. A big reason is shipping, which is causing the underwater noise level to go up by about 3.3 decibels (分贝) every ten years. With roughly 90% of traded goods travelling by sea, quieting the ocean through reductions in shipping itself is impractical. Efforts to make ships more efficient, and therefore less polluting, are also likely to reduce noise. But experts say those measures will not do enough to restore quiet. That is why a range of technologies are being developed — from changed propeller (螺旋桨) designs to noise reduction materials — that could allow humans and other animals to co-exist in the ocean. Much of the underwater noise a ship produces comes from its propeller. As the blades (叶片) move, areas of low pressure are formed in their wake which cause the water to boil and produce bubbles, a process known as cavitation (空化现象). When those bubbles break, a low-frequency noise is produced. Such noise can travel thousands of meters underwater without losing strength, interfering with the movements of blue and humpback whales which use these frequencies to communicate. One solution, being developed by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC), includes special materials into the metal propeller blades, allowing their tips — one of the main sites of cavitation — to bend and tum. This movement prevents bubbles from forming and thereby reduces the noise the blades produce, says Rajeev Jaiman of UBC. Based on simulations, the design could reduce cavitation noise by 20 decibels But shipping noise does not come only from the propeller. Roughly 20% comes from the ship itself, as engines and generators work and the ship’s components shake. At low speeds, this percentage rises. To fix the issue, researchers have experimented other methods. 5. What’s the overall purpose of the technologies mentioned in the text? A. To completely remove human-made noise in the oceans. B. To allow humans and sea animals to co-exist harmoniously. C. To replace traditional ship designs with silent alternatives. D. To monitor and record underwater noise levels accurately. 6. What solution is being developed at UBC to reduce cavitation noise? A. Using quieter engines. B. Reducing the speed of the ship. C. Reducing the size of the propeller. D. Creating bendy propellers to prevent cavitation. 7. What will be talked about in the following paragraphs? A. The history of shipping noise pollution. B. The impact of shipping noise on animals. C. More ways to increase shipping efficiency. D. Other alternatives to reduce shipping noise. 8. What’s the main idea of the text? A. The impact of shipping on global trade. B. The negative effect of shipping on ocean ecosystem. C. How to reduce the damage of ship noise to creatures. D. Why reducing underwater noise pollution is important. 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. D 8. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免船只的噪音影响到海里的生物，人们开始开发一种技术来降低船只在水下产生的噪音。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“That is why a range of technologies are being developed — from changed propeller (螺旋桨) designs to noise reduction materials — that could allow humans and other animals to co-exist in the ocean.(这就是为什么人们正在开发一系列技术——从改变螺旋桨设计到减少噪音的材料——这些技术可以让人类和其他动物在海洋中共存)”可知，文中提到的技术的总体目的是让人类和海洋动物和谐共存。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One solution, being developed by researchers at the University of British Columbia(UBC), includes special materials into the metal propeller blades, allowing their tips — one of the main sites of cavitation — to bend and tum. This movement prevents bubbles from forming and thereby reduces the noise the blades produce, says Rajeev Jaiman of UBC.(英属哥伦比亚大学（UBC）的研究人员正在开发一种解决方案，他们在金属螺旋桨叶片中加入了特殊材料，使其尖端（空化的主要部位之一）可以弯曲和转动。UBC的Rajeev Jaiman说，这种运动可以防止气泡的形成，从而减少叶片产生的噪音)”可知，UBC正在制造可弯曲的螺旋桨以防止空化来减少空化现象。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But shipping noise does not come only from the propeller. Roughly 20% comes from the ship itself, as engines and generators work and the ship’s components shake. At low speeds, this percentage rises. To fix the issue, researchers have experimented other methods.(但船舶噪音并不仅仅来自螺旋桨。大约20%来自于船舶本身，因为发动机和发电机在工作，船舶的部件在晃动。在低速时，这个百分比上升。为了解决这个问题，研究人员尝试了其他方法)”可知，下面几段将讨论其他减少船舶噪音的方法。故选D。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“That is why a range of technologies are being developed — from changed propeller (螺旋桨) designs to noise reduction materials — that could allow humans and other animals to co-exist in the ocean.(这就是为什么人们正在开发一系列技术——从改变螺旋桨设计到减少噪音的材料——这些技术可以让人类和其他动物在海洋中共存)”结合文章主要说明了为了避免船只的噪音影响到海里的生物，人们开始开发一种技术来降低船只在水下产生的噪音。可知，这篇文章的主旨是如何降低船舶噪声对生物的伤害。故选C。 二．七选五(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) Moving home is stressful for pets,especially for those with anxiety issues. Whether it’s across town or across the country, changes in routine and environment can cause stress. Here are some ways to reduce pets’ stress when moving. Keep yourself calm. ____9____ When you’re anxious, fed up, or angry, they know. Express a positive and calm attitude whenever possible. Be mindful during the busyness to give extra attention and love to make sure your pets all is well even in the chaos. Set aside a space for pets. Pick a room with a closable door to serve as a safe place. Set up the space with pets’ toys, blankets, food and water dishes. ____10____ To reduce stress from strangers and prevent escapes, keep pets in this room behind a closed door when moving boxes in/out of the house. Research pet hospitals and pet businesses. If you’re moving far enough away, you’ll need a new veterinarian (兽医).You may also need a walker. Well, before moving, do as much research as possible into these. Ask your current veterinarian if they can recommend anyone in your new area. ____11____ Travel prepared.When flying, contact airlines early. ____12____ The USDA requires airlines to follow guidelines in addition to enforcing their own rules. These regulations cover everything from health and vaccination records to feeding times and instructions. ____13____. Pets may need some time to get used to their new digs. Let them sniff (嗅) around and explore rooms. Accompany them to keep an eye out for territorial or anxious marking. As in your former residence, set up a closed-door room with their familiar items until they get used to the new space. A. Keep routines as normal as possible. B. Pets pick up on their humans’ moods. C. It’s difficult to avoid stress when moving. D. Give pets time to adapt to new environment. E. Ask about their policies and advance booking requirements. F. It may also be beneficial to create a hiding spot for pets within this room. G. Research local dog parks and local shelters in case of an unfortunate escape. 【答案】9. B 10. F 11. G 12. E 13. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些减少宠物搬家时压力的方法。 【9题详解】 根据上文“Keep yourself calm.(保持冷静。)”和下文“When you’re anxious, fed up, or angry, they know.(当你焦虑、厌烦或生气时，它们知道。)”可知，上下文都提到了人的情绪，由此可推测出本句是在说明宠物能察觉到人的情绪，选项B“宠物能察觉到主人的情绪”符合语境。故选B。 【10题详解】 根据上文“Set aside a space for pets. Pick a room with a closable door to serve as a safe place. Set up the space with pets’ toys, blankets, food and water dishes.(为宠物留出空间。选一个有可关闭的门的房间作为安全的地方。在这个空间里放置宠物的玩具、毯子、食物和水碗。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是为宠物设置一个专属的空间，选项F“在这个房间里为宠物创造一个藏身之处也是有益的”符合本段主旨，其中“this room”指代上文提到的“a room with a closable door”。故选F。 11题详解】 根据上文“Research pet hospitals and pet businesses. If you’re moving far enough away, you’ll need a new veterinarian. You may also need a walker. Well, before moving, do as much research as possible into these. Ask your current veterinarian if they can recommend anyone in your new area.(研究宠物医院和宠物业务。如果你搬得足够远，你需要一个新的兽医。你也可能需要一个遛狗的人。好吧，在搬家之前，尽可能多地研究这些。问问你现在的兽医，他们能否在你的新地区推荐一些人。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要研究新地方的宠物医院和宠物业务，选项G“研究当地的狗狗公园和收容所，以防不幸逃跑”符合语境。故选G。 【12题详解】 根据上文“When flying, contact airlines early.(乘飞机时，提前联系航空公司。)”和下文“The USDA requires airlines to follow guidelines in addition to enforcing their own rules.(美国农业部要求航空公司除执行自己的规定外，还要遵守相关指南。)”可知，空处应承接上文说明提前联系航空公司要做的事情，选项E“询问他们的政策和提前预订的要求”符合语境，其中“their policies”对应下文的“guidelines”。故选E。 【13题详解】 根据下文“Pets may need some time to get used to their new digs. Let them sniff around and explore rooms.(宠物可能需要一些时间来适应它们的新住所。让它们四处嗅嗅，探索房间。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要给宠物时间来适应新环境，选项D“给宠物时间适应新环境”符合语境，其中“adapt to new environment”对应下文的“get used to their new digs”。故选D。 三．完形填空(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分) With remarkable performances and big smiles, the Brazilian S2 swimmer Gabrielzinho Araujo attracted many fans after winning three gold medals in the Paralympic Games (残奥会). Gabrielzinho ____14____ defended his titles in the men’s 200m freestyle S2 and the men’s 50m backstroke (仰泳) $2 at La Defense Arena. Beyond his swimming ____15____, Gabrielzinho was honored as the male flagbearer (旗手) for Brazil during the Opening Ceremony of the Paralympic Games. Gabrielzinho’s journey ____16____ when a physical education teacher, Aguilar Freitas, noticed his ____17____ and entered him into a school swimming competition. “Neither my mother nor I knew that he had ____18____ me. I went, competed, and won three gold medals. That’s how I started swimming, and I never ____19____. Swimming is the best thing that ever ____20____ me — it completely ____21____ my life,” Gabrielzinho recalled in a 2019 interview about his early career. A six-time world champion, with titles from Madeira 2022 and Manchester 2023, Gabrielzinho____22____ that expectations will only grow after Paris. Yet, he insists there is no ______23______ to his success — just hard work. “You don’t win a medal just in the water. There’s a whole process behind it. When I’m in the water, I’m not ______24______. It’s about the people who ______25______ me, especially my coach Fabio Antunes, whose fantastic work has made these results ______26______. If I’ve achieved all this, it’s because of an ever-growing desire to ______27______ and a belief that I can go even further than I ever ______28______.” 14. A. constantly B. frequently C. normally D. successfully 15. A. achievements B. skills C. results D. records 16. A. concluded B. continued C. broke D. began 17. A. potential B. bravery C. passion D. power 18. A. given up on B. taken pride in C. signed up for D. looked forward to 19. A. announced B. stopped C. explained D. failed 20. A. stuck to B. held back C. stood for D. happened to 21. A. changed B. rescued C. wasted D. simplified 22. A. insists B. understands C. identifies D. proves 23. A. barrier B. secret C. approach D. factor 24. A. worried B. upset C. alone D. frightened 25. A. question B. protect C. miss D. support 26. A. possible B. certain C. surprising D. easy 27. A. resist B. test C. win D. show 28. A. assessed B. imagined C. confirmed D. guessed 【答案】14. D 15. A 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴西残奥会游泳选手Gabrielzinho Araujo的励志故事，他通过不懈努力在残奥会上赢得三枚金牌，并强调了团队合作和支持对他成功的重要性。 【14题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Gabrielzinho在拉德芳斯竞技场成功卫冕了男子200米自由泳S2级和男子50米仰泳S2级的冠军。A. constantly不断地；B. frequently频繁地；C. normally正常地；D. successfully成功地。根据前文“winning three gold medals in the Paralympic Games”可知，Gabrielzinho赢得了三枚金牌，所以是成功地卫冕了冠军。故选D。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了他的游泳成就，Gabrielzinho还被选为巴西残奥会开幕式的男旗手。A. achievements成就；B. skills技能；C. results结果；D. records记录。根据前文“winning three gold medals in the Paralympic Games”可知，赢得三枚金牌是他的游泳成就。故选A。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gabrielzinho的旅程始于一位体育老师Aguilar Freitas注意到他的潜力，并让他参加学校游泳比赛。A. concluded总结；B. continued继续；C. broke打破；D. began开始。根据后文“That’s how I started swimming”可知，此处讲述的是他游泳生涯的开始。故选D。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gabrielzinho的旅程始于一位体育老师Aguilar Freitas注意到他的潜力，并让他参加学校游泳比赛。A. potential潜力；B. bravery勇敢；C. passion激情；D. power力量。根据后文“and won three gold medals”可知，他赢得了三枚金牌，说明他有游泳的潜力。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我妈妈和我都不知道他给我报了名。我去了，参加了比赛，赢了三枚金牌。”A. given up on放弃；B. taken pride in以……为傲；C. signed up for报名参加；D. looked forward to期待。根据后文“I went, competed, and won three gold medals”可知，他参加了比赛并赢得了金牌，说明老师给他报了名。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我就是这样开始游泳的，而且我从来没有停止过。A. announced宣布；B. stopped停止；C. explained解释；D. failed失败。根据后文“Swimming is the best thing that ever ____7____ me”可知，他认为游泳是他经历过最好的事情，所以他从未停止游泳。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：游泳是我经历过的最好的事情——它完全改变了我的生活。A. stuck to坚持；B. held back隐瞒；C. stood for代表；D. happened to发生。根据后文“my life”可知，此处指游泳这件事发生在他身上，即游泳改变了他的生活。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：游泳是我经历过的最好的事情——它完全改变了我的生活。A. changed改变；B. rescued营救；C. wasted浪费；D. simplified简化。根据后文“my life”可知，游泳对他的生活产生了很大的影响，即改变了他的生活。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gabrielzinho是2022年马德拉和2023年曼彻斯特的世界冠军，六次获得世界冠军，他明白巴黎奥运会之后，人们的期望只会越来越高。A. insists坚持；B. understands明白；C. identifies识别；D. proves证明。根据后文“expectations will only grow after Paris”可知，他明白巴黎奥运会之后，人们的期望会更高。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他坚持认为他成功没有秘诀——只有努力。A. barrier障碍；B. secret秘诀；C. approach方法；D. factor因素。根据后文“just hard work”可知，他认为成功没有秘诀，只有努力。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在水里的时候，我并不孤单。A. worried担心的；B. upset沮丧的；C. alone孤单的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“It’s about the people who support me”可知，有很多人支持他，所以他在水里的时候并不孤单。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是关于支持我的人，尤其是我的教练Fabio Antunes，他的出色工作让这些结果成为可能。A. question质疑；B. protect保护；C. miss错过；D. support支持。根据后文“especially my coach Fabio Antunes”可知，此处指的是支持他的人，包括他的教练。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是关于支持我的人，尤其是我的教练Fabio Antunes，他的出色工作让这些结果成为可能。A. possible可能的；B. certain确定的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“whose fantastic work has made these results”可知，教练的出色工作让他的成功成为可能。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我取得了这一切，那是因为我有着不断增长的获胜欲望，以及一种信念，我相信我能比自己想象的走得更远。A. resist抵抗；B. test测试；C. win赢得；D. show展示。根据前文“winning three gold medals in the Paralympic Games”可知，他赢得了三枚金牌，所以他有着不断增长的获胜欲望。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我取得了这一切，那是因为我有着不断增长的获胜欲望，以及一种信念，我相信我能比自己想象的走得更远。A. assessed评估；B. imagined想象；C. confirmed确认；D. guessed猜测。根据前文“I can go even further”可知，此处指他能比自己想象的走得更远。故选B。 四．语法填空(共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分) 语法填空 Opera is a type of classical music and also a mix of several art forms. Like actors in the theater, opera singers act out a story on a stage ____29____ an orchestra (管弦乐队) playing the music. Opera often features ballet or other types of dance, too. In _____30_____ (it) origins, opera expressed noble power and was staged in courtly settings. In seventeenth-century Italy, the birthplace of the form, entertainments____31____(feature) fireworks, instrumental music, singing, dances, and speeches were staged _____32_____ (celebrate) princely weddings or welcome guests. Although not operas in the modern sense, these integrated entertainments promoted _____33_____ (cooperate) among the arts and led to the formation of true opera. By the end of the eighteenth century, opera _____34_____ (become) an international phenomenon, and both comic and serious genres flourished (繁荣) in France, England, and the Habsburg Empire as well as in Italy. Many famous operas were written in the 1700s and 1800s. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was ______35______ important opera composer during the1700s. One of his opera _____36_____ (masterpiece) is The Marriage of Figaro, ____37____ he wrote in 1786. Giuseppe Verdi was a great Italian opera composer of the 1800s. In the late 1800s, German composer Richard Wagner wrote a series of four operas ______38______ (base) on German legends. This famous series is called The Ring of the Nibelung. As opera continues to develop, it becomes more varied than ever. 【答案】29. with 30 its 31. featuring 32. to celebrate 33. cooperation 34. had become 35. an 36. masterpieces 37. which 38. based 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了歌剧的起源、发展以及在不同时期的代表作品和作曲家。 【29题详解】 考查介词。句意：就像剧院里的演员一样，歌剧演唱者在舞台上表演故事，同时有管弦乐队现场演奏音乐。“with+名词+现在分词”为固定用法，是with的复合结构作状语。故填with。 【30题详解】 考查代词。句意：在其起源之初，歌剧是贵族权力的象征，常在宫廷场合上演。此处修饰名词origins，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 【31题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：17世纪的意大利，作为这一艺术形式的发源地，会举办融合烟花、器乐、歌唱、舞蹈和演讲的娱乐活动，以庆祝王子的婚礼或迎接贵宾。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词entertainments，且entertainments与feature之间为主动关系，故用现在分词featuring。故填featuring。 【32题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处作目状语，需用动词不定式。故填to celebrate。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管这些综合性的娱乐活动并非现代意义上的歌剧，但它们促进了各艺术门类之间的合作，并最终促成了真正歌剧的形成。此处作动词promoted的宾语，应用名词形式cooperation。故填cooperation。 【34题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到18世纪末，歌剧已成为一种国际现象，在法国、英国、哈布斯堡帝国以及意大利，喜剧和严肃剧两种体裁都蓬勃发展。由时间状语By the end of the eighteenth century可知，此处表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时had become。故填had become。 【35题详解】 考查冠词。句意：沃尔夫冈·阿马德乌斯·莫扎特是18世纪一位重要的歌剧作曲家。composer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且important发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：他的歌剧杰作之一《费加罗的婚礼》就是于1786年创作的。one of后接可数名词复数形式。故用masterpieces。故填masterpieces。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The Marriage of Figaro，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：19世纪末，德国作曲家理查德·瓦格纳根据德国传说创作了一系列四部歌剧。空处需填非谓语动词作定语修饰名词operas，且operas与base之间为被动关系，故用过去分词based。故填based。 五．句子翻译(每题2分) 39. 是他的善良给我我留下了深刻的印象。(强调句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was his kindness that left a deep impression on me. 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句和动词时态。表示“他的善良”应用his kindness；表示“给……留下深刻的印象”应用动词短语leave a deep impression on sb.；表示“我”应用me；陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，对主语his kindness进行强调，强调句的基本句型是：It was+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分。故翻译为It was his kindness that left a deep impression on me. 40. 只有通过认真思考我们才能解决这个问题。(only+状语位于句首)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Only by thinking carefully can we solve this problem. 【解析】 【详解】考查部分倒装、情态动词。表示“只有”用only ，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“通过认真思考”用by thinking carefully，作状语。表示“我们”用we，作主语。表示“能”用can。表示“解决”用solve，与情态动词can搭配使用，solve用动词原形。“only+状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装，将情态动词can放在主语we之前。表示“这个问题”用this problem，作宾语。故翻译为Only by thinking carefully can we solve this problem. 41. 顾客在家网上购物很方便。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is very convenient for customers to shop online at home. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。表示“很方便”应用very convenient；表示“网上购物”应用shop online；表示“在家”应用at home；表示“对于顾客来说”应用for customers；陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，It is adj. for sb to do...为固定句型，It为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故翻译成：It is very convenient for customers to shop online at home.。 六．词汇考察(每词2分) 写出词性和汉语意思 42. tendency 43. distinguish 44. component 45. tackle 46 generate 47. assumption 48. intervene 49. clarify 50. concrete 51. proof 【答案】42. 名词，趋势，倾向 43. 动词，区分，辨别 44. 名词，组成部分，成分 45. 动词，应付，解决 46. 动词，产生，造成，引起 47. 名词，假定，设想，担任（职责等） 48. 动词，干涉，干预 49. 动词，澄清，阐明，净化 50. 形容词，具体的，实在的 51. 名词，证明，证据 【解析】 【42题详解】 考查英译汉。tendency，名词，意为“趋势，倾向”。故答案是：名词，趋势，倾向。 【43题详解】 考查英译汉。distinguish，动词，意为“区分，辨别”。故答案是：动词，区分，辨别。 【44题详解】 考查英译汉。component，名词，意为“组成部分，成分”。故答案是：名词，组成部分，成分。 【45题详解】 考查英译汉。tackle，动词，意为“应付，解决”。故答案是：动词，应付，解决。 【46题详解】 考查英译汉。generate，动词，意为“产生，造成，引起”。故答案是：动词，产生，造成，引起。 【47题详解】 考查英译汉。assumption，名词，意为“假定，设想，担任（职责等）”。故答案是：名词，假定，设想，担任（职责等）。 【48题详解】 考查英译汉。intervene，动词，意为“干涉，干预”。故答案是：动词，干涉，干预。 【49题详解】 考查英译汉。clarify，动词，意为“澄清，阐明，净化”。故答案是：动词，澄清，阐明，净化。 【50题详解】 考查英译汉。concrete，形容词，意为“具体的，实在的”。故答案是：形容词，具体的，实在的。 【51题详解】 考查英译汉。proof，名词，意为“证明，证据”。故答案是：名词，证明，证据。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$