Unit 2 No Rules, No Order【速记清单】-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册单元速记•巧练（人教版2024）

Unit 2 No Rules, No Order Unit 2 重点词汇 1.rule [ruːl] n.规则；规章 2.order ['ɔːdə] n.秩序；命令 v.点菜; 命令 3.follow ['fɒləʊ] v.遵循；跟随 4.arrive [ə'raɪv] v.到达 5.hallway ['hɔːlweɪ] n.走廊；过道 6.uniform ['juːnɪfɔːm] n.校服；制服 7.litter ['litə(r)] v.乱扔 n.垃圾 8.polite [pəˈlaɪt] adj.有礼貌的 9.treat [tri:t] v.对待；招待；治疗 n.款待 10.respect[ri'spekt] n.& v.尊敬 11.if／if／conj.如果 12.jacket [ˈdʒækɪt] n．夹克衫；短上衣 13.everything ['evriθin] pron.每件事；一切 14.lend [ lend] v.借给；借出 15.sweet [ swi:t] n.糖果 adj.甜的 16.snack [snæk] n.点心；小吃 17.mobile [ˈməʊbaɪl] adj.可移动的 18.queue [kju:] n.队 19.feed [fi:d] v.喂养；饲养 20.leave [li:v] v.离开；留下 21.absent [ˈæbsənt] adj.缺席的；不在的 22.shh [f] (=sh)interj. 嘘（用以让别人安静下来） 23.quietly ['kwaɪətli] adv.轻声地；安静地 24.belt [belt] n.安全带；腰带；皮带 25.noise ['nɒɪz] adj.吵闹的n.声音；噪声 26.unhappy [ʌnˈhæpi] adj.不快乐的 27.Dr（＝doctor）博士；医生 28.either ['aıðə(r); 'i:ðə(r)] adv.也（用于否定词组后） 29.practise [ˈpræktɪs] v.训练；练习 30.hang [hæŋ] v.悬挂 31.weekday [ˈwiːkdeɪ] n.工作日（星期一至星期五的任何一天） 32.awful [ˈɔːfl] adj.糟糕的；讨厌的 33.become [bɪˈkʌm] v.变成；成为 34.better [ˈbetə(r)] adj.较好的 adv.较好地 35.person [ˈpɜːsn] n．人 36.focus [ˈfəʊkəs] v.集中（注意力、精力等）；聚焦 37.build [bild] v.创建；建造 38.spirit ['spirit] n.精神；情绪 39.relax [rɪ'læks] v.放松；休息 40.advice [əd' vais] n.建议；意见 41.understand [ˌʌndəˈstænd] v.理解；领会 42.untidy [ʌnˈtaɪdi] adj.不整洁的 重点短语 1.be late for 迟到 2. on time 准时 3. in class 在课堂上 4. put up your hand 举手 5. keep +形容词 保持... 6.be polite 有礼貌 7. want to do sth. 想要做某事 8. have to 不得不 9. follow rules 遵守规则 10. on time 准时 11. be good for... 对......有好处 12.raise one’s hand 举手 13. keep the rules 遵守规则 14. have fun 玩得开心 15. would you like... 想要...... 16. lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 17. of course 当然 18.answer the phone 接电话 19. bring to 带来 20. mobile phone 移动电话 21. turn off 关掉 22. thanks for... 因......而感谢 23. jump the queue 插队 24. talk quietly 小声讲话 25. wait for 等待 26. be absent from 缺席 27. put on 穿上 28. keep quiet 保持安静 29. make noise 制造噪音 30. too many 太多 31. make sb’s/the bed 整理床铺 32. wear the uniform 穿校服 33. finish one’s homework 完成作业 34. on weekdays 在工作日 35. need to do sth. 需要去做某事 36. hang out 闲逛，常去某处 37. focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于 38.build school spirit 建立校风 39.make the world better 让世界变得更好 40.think about 思考，考虑 41.get on/along well with sb. 和某人好好相处 42. take care of...=look after... 照顾 43. achieve the goal 实现目标 44. be kind to our classmates 善待我们的同学 典型句型 1. Wear the school uniform. 穿校服。 2. Don’t litter. Keep your school clean and tidy. 不要乱扔垃圾，保持你的学校干净整洁。 3.Be polite and treat everyone with respect. 礼貌待人，尊重他人。 4.Put up your hand if you want to ask your teacher. 如果你想问老师问题，请举手。 5. —Can’t Mary run in the hallway? 玛丽能在走廊里跑吗？ —No, she can’t. She has to walk in the hallway. 不，她不能，她只能在走廊里走。 6. We can’t bring our mobile phones to class. 我们不能带手机去上课。 7. We have to turn them off and put them in our lockers. 我们必须关机，把它们放在我们的储物柜里。 8. Why is the day special for Tom? 为什么这一天对汤姆来说是特别的。 9. Why doesn’t Anne take a sweet from Tom? 为什么安妮不从汤姆那里拿走糖果。 10. Don’t jump in queue. You must wait for your turn. 不要插队，你必须等到轮到你。 11.You must tell your teacher about it when you have to be absent from class. 你缺席的时候必须要告诉你的老师这件事。 12. I have to hurry to school because I can’t be late for school. 我必须赶紧去学校，因为我不能上学迟到。 13. I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. 我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。 14. I know some rules are important, but this is awful . 我知道有一些规则很重要，但是这个太糟糕了。 15. They can help you to become a better person. 规则可以帮助你成为一个更好的人。 16. You can’t use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning. 你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要专注于学习。 17. You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit. 你必须穿校服，因为它能建立校风。 18. And you can hang out with friends at weekends! 周末你可以和朋友出去玩！ 19. Rules can help to make the world better. 规则可以帮助世界变得更好。 20.I know it can be difficult to follow many rules, but rules can be good for us. 我知道遵守这么多规则可能很困难，但规则对我们有好处。 语言目标 掌握祈使句的用法以及使用情态动词can, have to和must 来讨论规则。 【考点1】 Don’t be late for class. Arrive on time. 上课不要迟到。准时到达。 【详解】 动词短语be late for意为“迟到”，侧重于状态；同义短语arrive late for 则侧重到达的时间晚 例如：arrive late for class/school. = be late for class/school. 上课/上学迟到 【拓展1】 arrive 意为“到达”。 arrive at + 小地点，arrive in +大地点。 例如：I will arrive in Beijing next week. 我下周到北京。 I arrived at the small village on a cold morning. 在一个寒冷的早晨我到达了那个小村庄。 注意：arrive 后面跟地点副词here, there, home时，不需要跟介词。 如：arrive home 到家 arrive here 到这儿 辨析：arrive , reach与get 的区别 ① arrive at + 小地点，arrive in +大地点。 ② get to + 地点（名词） ③ reach + 地点 （名词） 【拓展2】 辨析on time与in time on time 准时(在规定的时间之内) 表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生。 in time 及时(恰在时间点上) 强调与某个时刻一致。 和time有关的短语： at times 有时 at the same time 同时 from time to time 不时 all the time 一直 【典例】 1.Mr Brown arrived ________ airport yesterday. （用at 或者in填空） 2.Li Ming arrives _______ Beijing with his parents. （用at 或者in填空） ( ) 3.— Is your Sam already in London ? — Not yet, I think. He’ll give me a call as soon as he _____. A. will arrive B. gets C. arrives D. reaches 4. 王先生要到伦敦。 （同义句转换） Mr Wang will ______ ______ London. = Mr Wang will ______ ______ London. = Mr Wang will ______ London. ( ) 5.She didn’t catch the bus______ time，so she couldn’t arrive there ______ time. A. on; in B. in; on C. in; in D. on; on 【考点2】 Don’t litter. Keep your school clean and tidy. 不要乱扔垃圾，保持你的学校干净整洁。 【详解】“keep +sb./sth.+形容词”表示“使某人或者某物保持某种状态”。此句式中的keep是动词，意为“保留，保存，保持”。 例句：Too much work keeps me busy and tired. 太多的工作让我忙碌而且疲惫。 We must keep the class clean. 我们必须保持教室干净。 【拓展】keep常见的其他用法 1）“keep + 形容词”，意为“保持某种状态”。 例如：Keep quiet, please! 请保持安静! 2）“keep sb. doing sth.”表示“让某人继续/不断地做某事”。 The teacher kept the students reading the words. 【典例】 （ ）1. — How does your grandpa ____ healthy? —He eats well and exercises every day.      A. make      B. leave       C. find       D. keep （ ）2. Please keep your eye _____. A. close B. closed C. closing D. to close 3. He keeps ________ ( stand ) at the door. 4. I keep him _________ ( wait ) for 2 hours. 【考点3】 Be polite and treat everyone with respect. 礼貌待人，尊重他人。 【详解1】 polite 是形容词,意为“有礼貌的”, 其反义词是impolite,意为“不礼貌的”。  politely是副词,意为“有礼貌地”,其反义词是impolitely,意为“不礼貌地”。 常用搭配： be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌。  【详解2】 treat的用法： 1．作为动词：对待、治疗、款待、处理； 2．作为名词：款待、治疗； 3．固定搭配： ① treat sb to sth 请某人吃或喝某物 例句：I treated my friends to ice cream. 我请朋友们吃了冰淇淋。 ② treat sb/sth as 把某人/某物当作... 其含义相当于regard…as… 例句：The teacher treat his students as his son. 老师把学生当作自己的儿子来看待。 ③ treat sb for sth. 为某人治疗... 例句：The doctor treated him for a headache. 医生为他治疗了头痛。 ④ treat sb with sth “以……方式对待某人”, 跟随的是情感类的名词,如kindness, respect等。 例句：We should treat others with kindness. 我们应该友善待人。 【拓展】 万圣夜的主要活动之一： Trick or treat （不给糖就捣乱），是指万圣节孩子们挨家逐户要糖果等礼物,如不遂愿便恶作剧一番的风俗。 【典例】 （ ）1．It’s polite ________ thank you when someone helps you. A．say B．to say C．saying D．said （ ）2．—I think Li Lei is a ________ boy.     —I agree with you. He always speaks to others ________. A．polite; politely B．polite; polite C．politely; politely D．politely; polite （ ）3．You should treat him more ________. A．polite B．politely C．impolitely D．impolite （ ）4．After a whole day’s hard work, I treat myself _______ some ice cream. A．to B．in C．on D．for （ ）5．Scrooge now treats everyone with ________, spreading love and joy everywhere he goes. A．warmth B．warmly C．warm D.warms （ ）6．Mr. Li is a kind teacher, but he treats us ________ in our study. A．politely B．friendly C．strictly D．lively （ ）7．After her son died in an accident,the old woman treated her dog ______ her son． A．for B．like C．from D．as （ ）8．Children play “_______” on the people at Halloween. A．trick or treat B．right or wrong C．come or go D．up or down 9．It is (polite) to speak loudly while eating. 10．Our teacher always tells us to talk to the old (polite). 【考点4】 She has to wear the school uniform. 她必须穿校服。 He must keep the school clean. 他必须保持学校干净。 【详解1】have to意思是"必须、不得不"表示客观上的需要, 后接动词原形,有人称和数的变化。 结构： 主语+have to+动词原形+其他  主语是第三人称单数时 主语+has to+动词原形+其他[来源:学&科&网] 否定形式: 主语+don't /doesn't have to+动词原形+其他 主语+doesn't have to+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句: Do 或Does +主语+have to +动词原形+其他 ? 例如：---Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗 ---Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的,我必须。 / 不,我不必。 【拓展】must和 have to强调重点不同：两者都表示“必须”， must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事，没有人称和数的变化； 否定为mustn’t 意思为“不准”； have to 则重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意。 【典例】 （ ）1.He _____to look after his little sister because his mother goes out. A.must B.have C.has D.had 2.Mike has to clean his bedroom at home.( 改为否定句 ) Mike________ ________ ________clean his bedroom at home.  3.You must do your homework every day.( 改为同义句 ) You________ ________do your homework every day.  4.He has to get up before 6:10 every morning.( 改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答 ) —________he________ ________get up before 6:10 every morning?  —________,he________.  5.They have to wash their hands before meals.( 对画线部分提问 )  ________ ________they________ ________ ________before meals?  【详解2】 辨析：1）wear是动词，它的意思是“穿”，它表示状态。 例如：My father wears a T-shirt today. 我爸爸今天穿着T恤衫。 2）put on的意思是“穿上、戴上”，它表示动作。 例如：It’s cold outside, put on your coat please. 外面非常冷，请穿上你的大衣。 3）dress 作动词时，表示“为……穿衣”后接反身代词或人，也可以不接宾语。 例如：Can you dress the baby for me? 你能帮我给孩子穿衣服吗？ 4）in 表示穿着的状态，后接颜色或服装。 例如：The girl in red is my sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我姐姐。 【典例】 （ ）1. The boy ____ glasses is my cousin. He ____ a red T-shirt and a pair of blue jeans.       A. in; wears       B. with; wears       C. wears; in       D. wears; with 2. 她正穿着一件新裙子。 She ________ ________ a new skirt. 3. 请穿上你的外套。 Please ________ ________ your coat. 4. 那个穿蓝色衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。The boy ________ ________ is my brother. 5. 她每天早上给她的弟弟穿衣服。She ________ ________ little brother every morning. 【考点5】 I can lend you my pen. 我可以借我的笔给你。 【详解】lend 意为“借出去”，表示的是把自己的东西借给别人。 【拓展】 辨析lend, borrow与keep lend 借出 非延续性动词，表示主语把东西借给别人 常用结构：lend sb. sth.或lend sth. to sb. ① Can you lend me your pen? 你能借你的笔给我吗？ ② You mustn’t lend it to others. 你不准把它借给别人。 borrow 借入[来源:学ZXXK] 非延续性动词，表示主语向别人借东西 常用结构：borrow sth. from sb. ① Can I borrow your book？ 我可以借你的吗？ ② I want to borrow a book from you. 我想从你那借一本书。 keep 借(多久)[来源:xx_k. 延续性动词，表示＂借某物多长时间＂，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 表示借了某物多长时间，可以和时间段以及how long搭配 —How long can I keep the book? 我可以借这本书多久？ —Two weeks. 两个星期。 【图解助记】 【典例】 1. —Can I_______ your computer? —Sorry, I'm using it, I can't_______ it to you. A. lend; lend B. borrow; lend C. borrow; borrow D. lend; borrow 2. I think I can lend my computer _______you. A. to B. for C. with D. and 3. —How long may I _______ the dictionary? —For 2 weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. buy 【考点6】 Would you like a sweet? 你想吃甜食吗？ 【详解】 would 为情态动词， 无人称，数变化 ，可以缩写成’d 如： I’d=I would you’d =you would he’d=he would ▲ would like 的常用句型： （1）would like sth. 想要某物 （2）—Would you like some …? 你想要一些……吗？（征求意见） —Yes, please. 是的，请（肯定回答） / —No, thanks.不，谢谢（否定回答） （3）would like to do sth. “想要做某事”。=want sb. to do sth 想要某人去做某事； （4）Would you like to do… ? 你愿意去做……吗？ （征求意见） 肯定回答: Yes, I’d like / love to.是的，我愿意 否定回答，委婉拒绝: I’d like/ love to. But I’m too busy.或者是 I have to study for a test I’m afraid not（我恐怕不能）, I have to do my homework. （5）would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事”。 （6）would like比want/feel like doing sth.（想要做某事）更委婉、更正式, 注意：（1）would like 构成的问句表示委婉语气，some不用变成any。 （2）疑问句时，记得把人称放would like 中间。 【典例】 ( )1. —Would you like ________ to my party? —Yes, I’d love to. A． come B．coming C．to coming D．to come ( )2.—Would you like some ? —Oh, yes, just a little. A. apples B. carrots C. cakes D. mutton ( )3. —Would you like some orange juice? — . I’m very thirsty(口渴的). A. No, thanks B. Yes, please C. Yes, I would D. That’s OK 4. Would you like ___________（have）some beef? 5.What would he like ___________（eat）? 6. Tom feels like __________（buy）some candies in the supermarket. 【考点7】We can’t bring our mobile phone to class. 我们不能带手机去上课。 【详解】bring 作及物动词，意为“带来；取来”，经常与介词to或with连用。 常用搭配：bring sb./sth.to... 意为“把某人／某物带到···...”； bring sb./sth.with sb. 意为“某人带着／带来某人／某物”。 例如：Tom, please remember to bring your football to school. 汤姆，请记得把你的足球带到学校来。 The girl brings a flower with her. 这个女孩带着一朵花。 【拓展】bring、take、carry、fetch和get的用法区别 bring 带来；拿来 指把人或物从别处带到说话人所在的地方，多与here连用。 take 带走；拿走 指把人或物从说话人所在地带到别处去，多与there连用。 carry 搬运 无方向性，含＂负重＂之意，一般指随身携带，如手提、肩扛等。 fetch 去拿来 指从说话者所在地到别处去把人或物带回来。 get 去拿来 get与fetch同义，但更口语化。 【图解助记】[来源: 【典例】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. —Can you ________ your homework to school tomorrow，Dale? —OK，Miss Wang. A．take B．bring C．want D．put ( ) 2.—Jack, remember ________ your umbrella with you and don’t forget ________ it home. —OK, Mom. A．taking; bringing B．take; bring C．to bring; to take D．to take; to bring ( ) 3.—It’s raining, Daisy. Please ________ an umbrella (雨伞) with you. —Thanks. A．to take B．take C．to bring D．bring ( ) 4.The bag is so heavy that I can’t _______ it. A．take B．bring C．carry D．pass ( ) 5. Please ________ the old box out and ________ the new one here. A．bring, take B．take, carry C．bring, carry D．take, bring 二、选词填空 用bring，take，carry，fetch和get的适当形式填空 1．Can you the photo to school tomorrow? 2．You'd better your raincoat with you. 3．You can me some money from my mother. 4．He helped me a bag of books this morning. 【考点8】 We have to turn them off and put them in our lockers. 我们必须关机，把它们放在我们的储物柜里。 【详解】turn off “关掉” ， 指将设备或开关从开启状态转变为关闭状态。 【拓展】 辨析turn on， turn off， turn up和 turn down turn on 与 turn off 相对应：turn up与turn down相对应。其中 on，off，up，down均为副词，当代词作宾语时，应置于动词和副词之间。 ★turn on 表示“打开”，常指开灯或打开家用电器。 ★turn off表示“关掉”，常指关掉自来水、电灯以及家用电器等。 ★turn up 表示“开大，调高”，常指调高（电器等）音量、 ★turn down表示“关小，调低”，常指调低（电器等）音量。 ★turn down表示“拒绝”，一般指拒绝邀请。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1．The light is on. When you leave, please . A．turn it down B．turn it up C．turn it off D．turn it on 2．The TV is too noisy. Could you please __________ a little? A．turn up it B．turn it up C．turn down it D．turn it down 3．It’s time for Chinese Cooking. Please _____ the TV. A．turn off B．turn on C．turn down D．turn up 4．Anna doesn't like Jeff，so it is possible for her to ________ his invitation. A．turn off B．turn down C．turn on D．turn up 5．Can I ________ the TV, Dad? I want to watch the sports news. A．turn off B．turn on C．turn down D．turn up 6．I’m reading now. Please tell him ___________ the TV a bit. A．turn up B．turn off C．to turn down D．to turn on 二、选词填空 选择方框内的词组填空。 turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up 1．Please remember to the lights when you leave. 2．My little baby is sleeping. Please the music. 3．It’s dark now. Please the light. 4．I can’t hear the TV’s sound. Please the TV. 【考点9】 That’s another rule. 这是另一条规则。 【详解】 another 指不定数目（三个或三个以上）中的“另一个；又一个”，用来代替或修饰单数名词。 例如：Would you like another cup of tea? 你想再来一杯茶吗 · 【拓展】辨析other, others, the other, the others和another other 意为：“其他的”；后要接名词复数形式； any other +可数名词单数：其他的任何一个…… 例句：他比我们班上任何一名学生都要高。 He is taller than ______________students in our class. He is taller than ______________ other student in our class. others=other+复数名词 泛指其他人或物，others后不接名词； some...others...一些…另一些… 例句：有一些学生喜欢下棋，一些喜欢画画，还有一些喜欢阅读。 Some students like chess, some like painting, while________ like reading. the other 表“两者中的另一个”，一般不接名词，省略。 one. . . the other. . . 一个……另一个…… 例句：我有两个哥哥。一个是医生，另一个是工程师。 I have two brothers. ________ is a doctor, _______________ is an engineer. the others 指：“其余的（几个，一些）”，后不接名词。 我们班上除了两个学生考试没通过外，其他的都通过了。 Only two students in my class failed in the examination, _______________ all passed(通过) it. another 指三个或三个以上的“另一、再一”; 一般后接名词 “another+基数词＋名词” ==“基数词＋more+名词” (基数词：one, two, three, four......) 例句：我不喜欢这件衬衫，请给我拿另外一件。 I don’t like this blouse, please give me ______________ one. 我还需要两张椅子。 I need ___________ desks.= I need __________ desk. 【典例】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. They have two daughters, one is a baby, ___________ is a girl of 12. A．other B．the other C．one other D．another ( ) 2. Would you like to have ________ glass of milk? A．another B．the others C．others D．other ( ) 3. The supermarket is on _____ side of the street. A.other B.another C.the other D.others ( ) 4. Tom, you should know how to get on well with _____. A.another B.others C.the other D.other ( ) 5. Some people like to rest in their free time,______ like to travel. A.other B. the others C.others D. another ( ) 6. I have six coloured pencils: one is blue, another is red, and _____ are green. A.others B.another C.others D.the others 二、选用所给的不定代词填空 other, the other, others, the others, another 1.What _______ things can you see in the picture. 2. I have two pens. One is red, _______ is black. 3. There are only five students in the classroom. What are _______? 4. There are a lot of people in the park. Some are walking, some are looking at the flowers, some are boating, _______ are running. 5. The jacket is too small for me. Would you show me _______ one? 【考点10】 You must raise your hand first. 你必须先举手。 【详解】 raise 是及物动词，表示 “举起”，后面要直接跟宾语。此外，raise还有“饲养、供养，筹集” 的意思。 例句：If you have any questions, raise your hands. 如果你有问题，请举手。 Their family raised a big dog. 他们家养了一条大狗。 raise money for 为…筹钱 【拓展】 rise为不及物动词，过去式为rose，过去分词为risen。不能用于被动语态。后面要带上介词后才能加宾语，。指依次上升，如自然界的日、月、星、雾、云的上升，人体从睡、跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来等。 例句：Prices rise every day in those countries. 在那些国家物价天天上涨。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 【典例】 （ ）1．If you ________ something, you move it higher. A．rise B．raise C．will rise D．will raise （ ）2．The sun is ________. It’s time to ________the flag. A．raising … rise B．raising … raise C．rising … raise D．rising … rise （ ）3．Those who want to say something more _______ your hands and _______ to speak. A．rise; raise B．raise; rise C．rise; rise D．raise; raise （ ）4．We ________ our heads to watch the sun ________ over the bridge. A．rise; rise B．raise; raises C．rise; raises D．raise; rise （ ）5．Early to bed and early ________ is a good habit. A．to raise B．to rise C．raise D．rise 【考点11】 There are too many rules in my life. 在我的生活中有很多规则。 【详解】形容词短语too many意为“太多”，后跟可数名词复数。 【拓展】辨析too many, too much和much too的用法 短语 含义 用法 too many 太多 形容词短语，修饰可数名词复数 too much 太多 形容词短语，修饰不可数名词 much too 太，非常 副词短语，修饰副词或形容词 注意：没有many too的表达 【典例】 1．He eats ________ food, so he is ________ fat. A．much too; too much B．too much; much too C．much too; too many| 2．The children have ________ homework to do every day. A．many too B．too many C．much too D．too much 3．All the schools have ________ rules. A．many too B．too much C．too many D．much too 4. 用too much, too many或者much too填空。 1）. There are trees in our school. 2）. It’s hot today. 3）. Don’t eat junk food.It’s bad for your health. 【考点12】 When I’m in school, I mustn’t use the phone. In class either. 当我在学校的时候，我不能用电话。在课堂上也是。 【详解】either在本句子中作副词，意为“也（不）”。 either作为连词构成短语“either…or…”表示“要么......要么......; 或者......或者......”的意思。 【拓展】 辨析either, too和also的用法。 易混词 意义及用法 either “也”，用于否定句中，置于句末，可以用“，”隔开，也可以不用。 too “也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开 also “也”，用于肯定句句中，置于系动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前 例如：The girl can’t play the guitar, either. I like dancing, too. I also like English. 【典例】 （ ）1．I don’t like history. And my best friend doesn’t like it, _________. A．too B．also C．either D．well （ ）2．She_______ chatting with her friends after school. A．too likes B．also likes C．either likes D．likes also （ ）3．I am enjoying sports, ______. A．as well as B．also C．too D．either 【考点13】 I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. 我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。 【详解】practise作动词，意为“训练；练习”。其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 常用搭配“practise (doing) sth. 练习（做）某事”。 例如：We can see Dave practise (playing) the piano. 【拓展】 practice 可以作动词或名词，意为“练习”。 作动词时，和practise的用法一致。 作名词时，常做不可数名词。 例如：Let’s do some practice. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 【典例】 （ ）1.— What do you usually do in the morning? —I often practice ________ English. A．speak B．to speak C．speaking （ ）2. You need more _______ if you want to do better in playing the piano. A. lesson B. money C. practice D. play 【考点14】 You can’t use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning. 你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要专注于学习。 【详解1】need此处作实义动词，意为“需要”，后面可以跟名词、代词或动词不定式等作宾语。在句子中有人称和数的变化。 例句：I need a hat. 我需要一顶帽子。 Where’s his pen? He needs it. 他的钢笔在哪里？他需要它。 We need to eat healthy food. 我们需要吃健康的食物。 拓展句型：There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事。 【拓展】need还可用作情态动词，意为“需要”，用法如下： 1)没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 2)可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。 3)其否定形式为needn’t，意为“不需要；没必要”。 4)need引导一般疑问句时， 肯定回答是：“Yes, 主语（人称代词主格）+must.”； 否定回答是：“No，主语（人称代词主格）+needn’t.”。 例如：—Need he do his homework first? 他需要先做作业吗？ —Yes, he must./ No, he needn’t. 是的，他需要（先做作业）。 / 不，他不需要（先做作业） 【典例】 （ ）1．I need Amy ________ me. A．help B．helps C．helping D．to help （ ）2．We have many eggs in the fridge. You ________ buy any more. A．don’t need B．needn’t to C．don’t need to D．need to （ ）3．You ________ worry. We will help you deal with the problem. A．needn’t B．don’t need C．need not to D．doesn’t need to （ ）4．He needs ________ a dictionary in the store. A．to buy B．buying C．buys D．and buy （ ）5．Granny ______ glasses when she reads newspapers. A．doesn’t need B．need C．doesn’t need to D．needn’t （ ）6．She is only a child, so there is no need ________ her so much stress. A．give B．giving C．to give 【考点15】 Remember: No rules, no order! 记住：没有规则就没有秩序！ 【详解1】 remember是及物动词，意为“记住，记起”；其反义词是forget，意为“忘记”。 remember后可接名词、代词、动词-ing或动词不定式作宾语，本句中remember后面的句子作其宾语。 例如：I can’t remember his telephone number.我记不得他的电话号码了。 【比较记忆】remember to do sth.与remember doing sth remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事，说明事情还没有做，相当于don’t forget to do sth. remember doing sth 记得做过某事，说明事情已经做过 【典例】 ( )1. Remember ______ off the lights when you leave the room,please. A.to turn B. turning C.turn D. turns ( )2．I remember ________ her at a party once（曾经）, but I don’t know her name. A．meeting B．to meet C．met D．meet ( )3．Oh, the door is open. But I remember ________ it yesterday. A．close B．to close C．closing D．closed 【详解2】“No＋名词”是一个常见的英语结构，通常用于否定句中，表示某物或某事不存在或没有。以下是这种结构的一些常见用法： 1．No＋名词 表示否定或缺乏 例如： No money 没有钱 No time 没有时间， No problem 没问题 2．No＋名词 表示禁止或不允许 例如： No smoking 禁止吸烟。 3．No＋名词 表示拒绝或不同意： 例如： No way 绝对不 【详解3】 1. rule n. 规则；规章 v.统治 ruler 意为：统治者；格尺 固定搭配：follow the rules 遵守规则 against the rules 违反规则 2.order ①n. 顺序; 点餐；订购 keep order 维持秩序 in good/bad order 有/无条理 take one’s order 点菜 make an order 下单 ②v.命令；点餐；订购 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事。 ③拓展固定搭配： in order to do sth. 目的是做某事； 为了做某事。 in order that = so that +目的状语从句 目的是...；为了... 例句：May I take your order, sir? 先生，我可以请您点菜了吗？ He gets up early every morning in order to catch the bus . 为了赶上那辆公交车，他每天起得很早。 =He gets up early every morning in order that he can catch the bus. 【典例】 ( )1. You mustn’t work in the lab by yourself. It’s ________ the rules. A．for B．against C．with D．to ( )2. Everyone should always ________ traffic rules. A．follow B．keep C．protect D.ask ( )3. We live with our grandparents ________ take good care of them. A．in order to B．in order that C．in order D．in the order ( )4. The police ordered them ________ right there. A．wait B．to wait C．waiting D．waited ( )5. Steve turns off his phone before reading ________ he can focus better on the story later. A．even if B．in order that C．now that D．as soon as ( )6. Shopping is much easier for us. Now we can make ________ order on the phone. A．an B．a C．the D．不填 ( )7. He works hard ________ he can get good grades in the exam. A．in order B．in order to C．so that D．such that ( )8. We will plant more trees in order that we can improve our environment. A．so that B．in order to 【考点16】 Dr. Know’s advice 【详解】advice 意为：建议；意见（不可数名词） 常用搭配：a piece of advice 一条建议 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 take/follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议 ask sb. for some advice 向某人征求意见 【拓展】 advise 建议 （动词） 常用搭配： ①advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。 例句： My mother advises me to study hard. 我妈妈建议我要努力学习。 ②advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事。 例句：I advise him not play in the street. 我建议他不要在街上玩。 【近义词】 suggest v.建议；暗示 → suggestion n.建议（可数） 【典例】 ( )1. Our teacher always gives us ________ when we have problems. A．an advice B．an advise C．some advice D．some advices ( )2. My parents advise me ________ the chess club. But I don’t like it. A．join B．joining C．to join D．joined ( )3. My parents ________ that I take my teacher’s ________. A．advice; advise B．advise; advice C．advices; advises D．advises; advices ( )4. I think it is ________ good advice, and it’s really ________ useful suggestion. A．a; an B．/; a C．a; a D．/; an ( )5. Mrs Smart gave us ________ on how to learn English well. A．some advices B．some suggestion C．a piece of advice D．a piece of suggestion 6．Let me give you some ________ (suggest) and ________ (advise) about learning English. （一）祈使句 （1）定义: 用来表示请求、命令、建议、号召、警告等的句子。说话的对象大多为第二人称you，且常被省略。句末用感叹号或句号，读时用降调。为了表示客气，常用please一词。 （2）构成：祈使句分为肯定祈使句和否定祈使句。 1) 肯定祈使句 Do型 动词原形 + 宾语 + 其他 Listen to the teacher carefully! Be 型 Be + 表语（名词/形容词） + 其他 Be careful!/Be a good man. Let 型 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 +其他 Let me help you. 2) 否定祈使句 Do型 在句首 + Don’t Don’t forget me. Be 型 在句首 + Don’t Don’t be late! Let 型 Don’t let sb do sth.或者Let sb. not do sth. Don’t let him go. = Let him not go. No 型 No +n.或者No + doing No photos. No parking. （3）答语: 祈使句的动作通常是将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。 【注意】在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意形式一致和意义相反。即：yes与will；no与won’t要一致；yes意为“不”；no意为“是”。 Eg:：—Don’t go out. It’s raining hard. 不要出去了。天正下着大雨。 —Yes, I will. Lily is waiting for me. 不，我要去。莉莉在等我呢 —No, I won’t. I will stay at home. 好的，我不会去的。我待在家就好。 （4）祈使句的其他形式：用名词，形容词，副词，动词等直接表达。简洁明快，口语化。 Eg: Hands up! 举起手来！ Eg：Help！ 救命！ Eg: Off the grass! 勿踏草坪！ 对祈使句的回答： ---Close the door, please. ---Certainly./ Sure./ OK./ Yes./ Of course, I will. ---Don't be late for school, Sam! --- No, I won't. (当然，我不会的。) （5）祈使句的反义疑问句：通常使用 will you？ Open the door, will you？ 开开门，好吗？ Don't be late for school, will you？不要迟到，好吗？ Come early, ________ __________? Don't talk in class，________ _________? 注意区别： Let us have something to drink, will you? 让我们喝点东西，好吗？ Let's go to the park, shall we? 咱们去公园吧，好吗？ 祈使句用法歌诀 祈使句，祈使句，请求、命令或建议。 主语是you常省去，动词原形开头记。 否定形式要注意，句首要把Don’t加。 要讲客气用please，句首、句末没关系。 【当堂训练】 （ ）1.Tom, _________ afraid of speaking in front of people. A. don't B. not C. not be D. don't be 2.Listen to me, please. (变成否定句） ___________________________. 3.Be quiet. (变成否定句) __________________________________. 4.Let him sit here. (变成否定句) ______________________________. 5. Let's ____________(go) home. 6 . Let's ________________(not watch) TV again. 7.No ______________(smoke)！ 8. Don't __________(be) late for school. 9. _________________(not eat) in the classroom. 10. __________(get) up, Anna. It is time to go to school. 11.No talking in the reading room. (同义句转换) __________ _________ in the reading room. 12.Let us go out for a walk, _________ _______? 13. Let's go home, __________ ___________? 14. Don't smoke here, _________ __________? 15. Close the window, __________ __________? （二）情态动词 情态动词+动词原形 无人称和数的变化 肯定形式 否定形式 用法 can 可以 can’t 不可以 (1) 表示能力 He can speak English. (2) 表示请求或允许 Can I help you? (3) 表示猜测--100%否定 Eg: --Look at woman at the gate! --That can’t be our teacher, because she went to Shanghai yesterday . could couldn’t may 可能 may not 可能不 (1) 表示请求或允许 (2) 表示希望、祝愿。 (3) 表示猜测（可能） might might must必须 mustn’t 禁止 (1) 表示命令“必须” (2) 表示猜测（可能） They must be at home. The light is on. have to必须 Don’t/doesn’t have to 不必 must_____看法，认为有必要或有意义去做某事； have to 侧重于_____，含有“_____”之意。 Eg：You don't have to tell him about it. You mustn't tell him about it. need 需要 needn’t 不必 need do sth 是情态动词 need to do sth. 是实义动词 had better do 最好... had better not do 最好不要.... 其余 will--would shall-- should ought to dare 敢 【当堂训练】 ( ) 1. It rained heavily, so we __ _ stay at home watching TV all day. A. could B. had to C. must D. may ( )2. — Could I borrow your dictionary? — Yes, of course you _______. A. might B. will C. can D. should ( )3. You ____ go out for long time at night. Your parents may worry about you. A. can B. may C. can't D. needn't ( )4. I hear you are going to the movie theater tonight. ___ I go with you? A. Need B. Might C. Must D. Can ( )5 . This book ___Lucy's. Look ! Her name is on the book cover. A. must be B. may be C. can't be D. mustn't be / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 No Rules, No Order Unit 2 重点词汇 1.rule [ruːl] n.规则；规章 2.order ['ɔːdə] n.秩序；命令 v.点菜; 命令 3.follow ['fɒləʊ] v.遵循；跟随 4.arrive [ə'raɪv] v.到达 5.hallway ['hɔːlweɪ] n.走廊；过道 6.uniform ['juːnɪfɔːm] n.校服；制服 7.litter ['litə(r)] v.乱扔 n.垃圾 8.polite [pəˈlaɪt] adj.有礼貌的 9.treat [tri:t] v.对待；招待；治疗 n.款待 10.respect[ri'spekt] n.& v.尊敬 11.if／if／conj.如果 12.jacket [ˈdʒækɪt] n．夹克衫；短上衣 13.everything ['evriθin] pron.每件事；一切 14.lend [ lend] v.借给；借出 15.sweet [ swi:t] n.糖果 adj.甜的 16.snack [snæk] n.点心；小吃 17.mobile [ˈməʊbaɪl] adj.可移动的 18.queue [kju:] n.队 19.feed [fi:d] v.喂养；饲养 20.leave [li:v] v.离开；留下 21.absent [ˈæbsənt] adj.缺席的；不在的 22.shh [f] (=sh)interj. 嘘（用以让别人安静下来） 23.quietly ['kwaɪətli] adv.轻声地；安静地 24.belt [belt] n.安全带；腰带；皮带 25.noise ['nɒɪz] adj.吵闹的n.声音；噪声 26.unhappy [ʌnˈhæpi] adj.不快乐的 27.Dr（＝doctor）博士；医生 28.either ['aıðə(r); 'i:ðə(r)] adv.也（用于否定词组后） 29.practise [ˈpræktɪs] v.训练；练习 30.hang [hæŋ] v.悬挂 31.weekday [ˈwiːkdeɪ] n.工作日（星期一至星期五的任何一天） 32.awful [ˈɔːfl] adj.糟糕的；讨厌的 33.become [bɪˈkʌm] v.变成；成为 34.better [ˈbetə(r)] adj.较好的 adv.较好地 35.person [ˈpɜːsn] n．人 36.focus [ˈfəʊkəs] v.集中（注意力、精力等）；聚焦 37.build [bild] v.创建；建造 38.spirit ['spirit] n.精神；情绪 39.relax [rɪ'læks] v.放松；休息 40.advice [əd' vais] n.建议；意见 41.understand [ˌʌndəˈstænd] v.理解；领会 42.untidy [ʌnˈtaɪdi] adj.不整洁的 重点短语 1.be late for 迟到 2. on time 准时 3. in class 在课堂上 4. put up your hand 举手 5. keep +形容词 保持... 6.be polite 有礼貌 7. want to do sth. 想要做某事 8. have to 不得不 9. follow rules 遵守规则 10. on time 准时 11. be good for... 对......有好处 12.raise one’s hand 举手 13. keep the rules 遵守规则 14. have fun 玩得开心 15. would you like... 想要...... 16. lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 17. of course 当然 18.answer the phone 接电话 19. bring to 带来 20. mobile phone 移动电话 21. turn off 关掉 22. thanks for... 因......而感谢 23. jump the queue 插队 24. talk quietly 小声讲话 25. wait for 等待 26. be absent from 缺席 27. put on 穿上 28. keep quiet 保持安静 29. make noise 制造噪音 30. too many 太多 31. make sb’s/the bed 整理床铺 32. wear the uniform 穿校服 33. finish one’s homework 完成作业 34. on weekdays 在工作日 35. need to do sth. 需要去做某事 36. hang out 闲逛，常去某处 37. focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于 38.build school spirit 建立校风 39.make the world better 让世界变得更好 40.think about 思考，考虑 41.get on/along well with sb. 和某人好好相处 42. take care of...=look after... 照顾 43. achieve the goal 实现目标 44. be kind to our classmates 善待我们的同学 典型句型 1. Wear the school uniform. 穿校服。 2. Don’t litter. Keep your school clean and tidy. 不要乱扔垃圾，保持你的学校干净整洁。 3.Be polite and treat everyone with respect. 礼貌待人，尊重他人。 4.Put up your hand if you want to ask your teacher. 如果你想问老师问题，请举手。 5. —Can’t Mary run in the hallway? 玛丽能在走廊里跑吗？ —No, she can’t. She has to walk in the hallway. 不，她不能，她只能在走廊里走。 6. We can’t bring our mobile phones to class. 我们不能带手机去上课。 7. We have to turn them off and put them in our lockers. 我们必须关机，把它们放在我们的储物柜里。 8. Why is the day special for Tom? 为什么这一天对汤姆来说是特别的。 9. Why doesn’t Anne take a sweet from Tom? 为什么安妮不从汤姆那里拿走糖果。 10. Don’t jump in queue. You must wait for your turn. 不要插队，你必须等到轮到你。 11.You must tell your teacher about it when you have to be absent from class. 你缺席的时候必须要告诉你的老师这件事。 12. I have to hurry to school because I can’t be late for school. 我必须赶紧去学校，因为我不能上学迟到。 13. I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. 我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。 14. I know some rules are important, but this is awful . 我知道有一些规则很重要，但是这个太糟糕了。 15. They can help you to become a better person. 规则可以帮助你成为一个更好的人。 16. You can’t use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning. 你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要专注于学习。 17. You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit. 你必须穿校服，因为它能建立校风。 18. And you can hang out with friends at weekends! 周末你可以和朋友出去玩！ 19. Rules can help to make the world better. 规则可以帮助世界变得更好。 20.I know it can be difficult to follow many rules, but rules can be good for us. 我知道遵守这么多规则可能很困难，但规则对我们有好处。 语言目标 掌握祈使句的用法以及使用情态动词can, have to和must 来讨论规则。 【考点1】 Don’t be late for class. Arrive on time. 上课不要迟到。准时到达。 【详解】 动词短语be late for意为“迟到”，侧重于状态；同义短语arrive late for 则侧重到达的时间晚 例如：arrive late for class/school. = be late for class/school. 上课/上学迟到 【拓展1】 arrive 意为“到达”。 arrive at + 小地点，arrive in +大地点。 例如：I will arrive in Beijing next week. 我下周到北京。 I arrived at the small village on a cold morning. 在一个寒冷的早晨我到达了那个小村庄。 注意：arrive 后面跟地点副词here, there, home时，不需要跟介词。 如：arrive home 到家 arrive here 到这儿 辨析：arrive , reach与get 的区别 ① arrive at + 小地点，arrive in +大地点。 ② get to + 地点（名词） ③ reach + 地点 （名词） 【拓展2】 辨析on time与in time on time 准时(在规定的时间之内) 表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生。 in time 及时(恰在时间点上) 强调与某个时刻一致。 和time有关的短语： at times 有时 at the same time 同时 from time to time 不时 all the time 一直 【典例】 1.Mr Brown arrived ________ airport yesterday. （用at 或者in填空） 2.Li Ming arrives _______ Beijing with his parents. （用at 或者in填空） ( ) 3.— Is your Sam already in London ? — Not yet, I think. He’ll give me a call as soon as he _____. A. will arrive B. gets C. arrives D. reaches 4. 王先生要到伦敦。 （同义句转换） Mr Wang will ______ ______ London. = Mr Wang will ______ ______ London. = Mr Wang will ______ London. ( ) 5.She didn’t catch the bus______ time，so she couldn’t arrive there ______ time. A. on; in B. in; on C. in; in D. on; on 答案：1. at 2. in 3. C 4. arrive in ; get to; reach 5. B 【考点2】 Don’t litter. Keep your school clean and tidy. 不要乱扔垃圾，保持你的学校干净整洁。 【详解】“keep +sb./sth.+形容词”表示“使某人或者某物保持某种状态”。此句式中的keep是动词，意为“保留，保存，保持”。 例句：Too much work keeps me busy and tired. 太多的工作让我忙碌而且疲惫。 We must keep the class clean. 我们必须保持教室干净。 【拓展】keep常见的其他用法 1）“keep + 形容词”，意为“保持某种状态”。 例如：Keep quiet, please! 请保持安静! 2）“keep sb. doing sth.”表示“让某人继续/不断地做某事”。 The teacher kept the students reading the words. 【典例】 （ ）1. — How does your grandpa ____ healthy? —He eats well and exercises every day.      A. make      B. leave       C. find       D. keep （ ）2. Please keep your eye _____. A. close B. closed C. closing D. to close 3. He keeps ________ ( stand ) at the door. 4. I keep him _________ ( wait ) for 2 hours. 答案：D; B; standing; waiting 【考点3】 Be polite and treat everyone with respect. 礼貌待人，尊重他人。 【详解1】 polite 是形容词,意为“有礼貌的”, 其反义词是impolite,意为“不礼貌的”。  politely是副词,意为“有礼貌地”,其反义词是impolitely,意为“不礼貌地”。 常用搭配： be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌。  【详解2】 treat的用法： 1．作为动词：对待、治疗、款待、处理； 2．作为名词：款待、治疗； 3．固定搭配： ① treat sb to sth 请某人吃或喝某物 例句：I treated my friends to ice cream. 我请朋友们吃了冰淇淋。 ② treat sb/sth as 把某人/某物当作... 其含义相当于regard…as… 例句：The teacher treat his students as his son. 老师把学生当作自己的儿子来看待。 ③ treat sb for sth. 为某人治疗... 例句：The doctor treated him for a headache. 医生为他治疗了头痛。 ④ treat sb with sth “以……方式对待某人”, 跟随的是情感类的名词,如kindness, respect等。 例句：We should treat others with kindness. 我们应该友善待人。 【拓展】 万圣夜的主要活动之一： Trick or treat （不给糖就捣乱），是指万圣节孩子们挨家逐户要糖果等礼物,如不遂愿便恶作剧一番的风俗。 【典例】 （ ）1．It’s polite ________ thank you when someone helps you. A．say B．to say C．saying D．said （ ）2．—I think Li Lei is a ________ boy.     —I agree with you. He always speaks to others ________. A．polite; politely B．polite; polite C．politely; politely D．politely; polite （ ）3．You should treat him more ________. A．polite B．politely C．impolitely D．impolite （ ）4．After a whole day’s hard work, I treat myself _______ some ice cream. A．to B．in C．on D．for （ ）5．Scrooge now treats everyone with ________, spreading love and joy everywhere he goes. A．warmth B．warmly C．warm D.warms （ ）6．Mr. Li is a kind teacher, but he treats us ________ in our study. A．politely B．friendly C．strictly D．lively （ ）7．After her son died in an accident,the old woman treated her dog ______ her son． A．for B．like C．from D．as （ ）8．Children play “_______” on the people at Halloween. A．trick or treat B．right or wrong C．come or go D．up or down 9．It is (polite) to speak loudly while eating. 10．Our teacher always tells us to talk to the old (polite). 答案：1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．impolite 10．politely 【考点4】 She has to wear the school uniform. 她必须穿校服。 He must keep the school clean. 他必须保持学校干净。 【详解1】have to意思是"必须、不得不"表示客观上的需要, 后接动词原形,有人称和数的变化。 结构： 主语+have to+动词原形+其他  主语是第三人称单数时 主语+has to+动词原形+其他[来源:学&科&网] 否定形式: 主语+don't /doesn't have to+动词原形+其他 主语+doesn't have to+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句: Do 或Does +主语+have to +动词原形+其他 ? 例如：---Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗 ---Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的,我必须。 / 不,我不必。 【拓展】must和 have to强调重点不同：两者都表示“必须”， must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事，没有人称和数的变化； 否定为mustn’t 意思为“不准”； have to 则重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意。 【典例】 （ ）1.He _____to look after his little sister because his mother goes out. A.must B.have C.has D.had 2.Mike has to clean his bedroom at home.( 改为否定句 ) Mike________ ________ ________clean his bedroom at home.  3.You must do your homework every day.( 改为同义句 ) You________ ________do your homework every day.  4.He has to get up before 6:10 every morning.( 改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答 ) —________he________ ________get up before 6:10 every morning?  —________,he________.  5.They have to wash their hands before meals.( 对画线部分提问 )  ________ ________they________ ________ ________before meals?  【答案】1. C 2. doesn’t have to 3. have to 4. Do have to; Yes, do 5. What do have to 【详解2】 辨析：1）wear是动词，它的意思是“穿”，它表示状态。 例如：My father wears a T-shirt today. 我爸爸今天穿着T恤衫。 2）put on的意思是“穿上、戴上”，它表示动作。 例如：It’s cold outside, put on your coat please. 外面非常冷，请穿上你的大衣。 3）dress 作动词时，表示“为……穿衣”后接反身代词或人，也可以不接宾语。 例如：Can you dress the baby for me? 你能帮我给孩子穿衣服吗？ 4）in 表示穿着的状态，后接颜色或服装。 例如：The girl in red is my sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我姐姐。 【典例】 （ ）1. The boy ____ glasses is my cousin. He ____ a red T-shirt and a pair of blue jeans.       A. in; wears       B. with; wears       C. wears; in       D. wears; with 2. 她正穿着一件新裙子。 She ________ ________ a new skirt. 3. 请穿上你的外套。 Please ________ ________ your coat. 4. 那个穿蓝色衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。The boy ________ ________ is my brother. 5. 她每天早上给她的弟弟穿衣服。She ________ ________ little brother every morning. 答案：1.B 2.is wearing 3. put on 4. in blue 5. dresses her 【考点5】 I can lend you my pen. 我可以借我的笔给你。 【详解】lend 意为“借出去”，表示的是把自己的东西借给别人。 【拓展】 辨析lend, borrow与keep lend 借出 非延续性动词，表示主语把东西借给别人 常用结构：lend sb sth或lend sth to sb ① Can you lend me your pen? 你能借你的笔给我吗？ ② You mustn’t lend it to others. 你不准把它借给别人。 borrow 借入[来源:学ZXXK] 非延续性动词，表示主语向别人借东西 常用结构：borrow sth from sb ① Can I borrow your book？ 我可以借你的吗？ ② I want to borrow a book from you. 我想从你那借一本书。 keep 借(多久)[来源:xx_k. 延续性动词，表示＂借某物多长时间＂，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 表示借了某物多长时间，可以和时间段以及how long搭配 —How long can I keep the book? 我可以借这本书多久？ —Two weeks. 两个星期。 【图解助记】 【典例】 1. —Can I_______ your computer? —Sorry, I'm using it, I can't_______ it to you. A. lend; lend B. borrow; lend C. borrow; borrow D. lend; borrow 2. I think I can lend my computer _______you. A. to B. for C. with D. and 3. —How long may I _______ the dictionary? —For 2 weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. buy 答案：B A C 【考点6】 Would you like a sweet? 你想吃甜食吗？ 【详解】 would 为情态动词， 无人称，数变化 ，可以缩写成’d 如： I’d=I would you’d =you would he’d=he would ▲ would like 的常用句型： （1）would like sth. 想要某物 （2）—Would you like some …? 你想要一些……吗？（征求意见） —Yes, please. 是的，请（肯定回答） / —No, thanks.不，谢谢（否定回答） （3）would like to do sth. “想要做某事”。=want sb. to do sth 想要某人去做某事； （4）Would you like to do… ? 你愿意去做……吗？ （征求意见） 肯定回答: Yes, I’d like / love to.是的，我愿意 否定回答，委婉拒绝: I’d like/ love to. But I’m too busy.或者是 I have to study for a test I’m afraid not（我恐怕不能）, I have to do my homework. （5）would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事”。 （6）would like比want/feel like doing sth.（想要做某事）更委婉、更正式, 注意：（1）would like 构成的问句表示委婉语气，some不用变成any。 （2）疑问句时，记得把人称放would like 中间。 【典例】 ( )1. —Would you like ________ to my party? —Yes, I’d love to. A． come B．coming C．to coming D．to come ( )2.—Would you like some ? —Oh, yes, just a little. A. apples B. carrots C. cakes D. mutton ( )3. —Would you like some orange juice? — . I’m very thirsty(口渴的). A. No, thanks B. Yes, please C. Yes, I would D. That’s OK 4. Would you like ___________（have）some beef? 5.What would he like ___________（eat）? 6. Tom feels like __________（buy）some candies in the supermarket. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. to have 5. to eat 6. buying 【考点7】We can’t bring our mobile phone to class. 我们不能带手机去上课。 【详解】bring 作及物动词，意为“带来；取来”，经常与介词to或with连用。 常用搭配：bring sb./sth.to... 意为“把某人／某物带到···...”； bring sb./sth.with sb. 意为“某人带着／带来某人／某物”。 例如：Tom, please remember to bring your football to school. 汤姆，请记得把你的足球带到学校来。 The girl brings a flower with her. 这个女孩带着一朵花。 【拓展】bring、take、carry、fetch和get的用法区别 bring 带来；拿来 指把人或物从别处带到说话人所在的地方，多与here连用。 take 带走；拿走 指把人或物从说话人所在地带到别处去，多与there连用。 carry 搬运 无方向性，含＂负重＂之意，一般指随身携带，如手提、肩扛等。 fetch 去拿来 指从说话者所在地到别处去把人或物带回来。 get 去拿来 get与fetch同义，但更口语化。 【图解助记】[来源: 【典例】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. —Can you ________ your homework to school tomorrow，Dale? —OK，Miss Wang. A．take B．bring C．want D．put ( ) 2.—Jack, remember ________ your umbrella with you and don’t forget ________ it home. —OK, Mom. A．taking; bringing B．take; bring C．to bring; to take D．to take; to bring ( ) 3.—It’s raining, Daisy. Please ________ an umbrella (雨伞) with you. —Thanks. A．to take B．take C．to bring D．bring ( ) 4.The bag is so heavy that I can’t _______ it. A．take B．bring C．carry D．pass ( ) 5. Please ________ the old box out and ________ the new one here. A．bring, take B．take, carry C．bring, carry D．take, bring 二、选词填空 用bring，take，carry，fetch和get的适当形式填空 1．Can you the photo to school tomorrow? 2．You'd better your raincoat with you. 3．You can me some money from my mother. 4．He helped me a bag of books this morning. 答案：一、1. B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 二、1．bring 2．take 3．fetch/get 4．carry 【考点8】 We have to turn them off and put them in our lockers. 我们必须关机，把它们放在我们的储物柜里。 【详解】turn off “关掉” ， 指将设备或开关从开启状态转变为关闭状态。 【拓展】 辨析turn on， turn off， turn up和 turn down turn on 与 turn off 相对应：turn up与turn down相对应。其中 on，off，up，down均为副词，当代词作宾语时，应置于动词和副词之间。 ★turn on 表示“打开”，常指开灯或打开家用电器。 ★turn off表示“关掉”，常指关掉自来水、电灯以及家用电器等。 ★turn up 表示“开大，调高”，常指调高（电器等）音量、 ★turn down表示“关小，调低”，常指调低（电器等）音量。 ★turn down表示“拒绝”，一般指拒绝邀请。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1．The light is on. When you leave, please . A．turn it down B．turn it up C．turn it off D．turn it on 2．The TV is too noisy. Could you please __________ a little? A．turn up it B．turn it up C．turn down it D．turn it down 3．It’s time for Chinese Cooking. Please _____ the TV. A．turn off B．turn on C．turn down D．turn up 4．Anna doesn't like Jeff，so it is possible for her to ________ his invitation. A．turn off B．turn down C．turn on D．turn up 5．Can I ________ the TV, Dad? I want to watch the sports news. A．turn off B．turn on C．turn down D．turn up 6．I’m reading now. Please tell him ___________ the TV a bit. A．turn up B．turn off C．to turn down D．to turn on 二、选词填空 选择方框内的词组填空。 turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up 1．Please remember to the lights when you leave. 2．My little baby is sleeping. Please the music. 3．It’s dark now. Please the light. 4．I can’t hear the TV’s sound. Please the TV. 答案：一、1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．B 6．C 二、1．turn off 2．turn down 3．turn on 4．turn up 【考点9】 That’s another rule. 这是另一条规则。 【详解】 another 指不定数目（三个或三个以上）中的“另一个；又一个”，用来代替或修饰单数名词。 例如：Would you like another cup of tea? 你想再来一杯茶吗 · 【拓展】辨析other, others, the other, the others和another other 意为：“其他的”；后要接名词复数形式； any other +可数名词单数：其他的任何一个…… 例句：他比我们班上任何一名学生都要高。 He is taller than ______________students in our class. He is taller than ______________ other student in our class. others=other+复数名词 泛指其他人或物，others后不接名词； some...others...一些…另一些… 例句：有一些学生喜欢下棋，一些喜欢画画，还有一些喜欢阅读。 Some students like chess, some like painting, while________ like reading. the other 表“两者中的另一个”，一般不接名词，省略。 one. . . the other. . . 一个……另一个…… 例句：我有两个哥哥。一个是医生，另一个是工程师。 I have two brothers. ________ is a doctor, _______________ is an engineer. the others 指：“其余的（几个，一些）”，后不接名词。 我们班上除了两个学生考试没通过外，其他的都通过了。 Only two students in my class failed in the examination, _______________ all passed(通过) it. another 指三个或三个以上的“另一、再一”; 一般后接名词 “another+基数词＋名词” ==“基数词＋more+名词” (基数词：one, two, three, four......) 例句：我不喜欢这件衬衫，请给我拿另外一件。 I don’t like this blouse, please give me ______________ one. 我还需要两张椅子。 I need ___________ desks.= I need __________ desk. 【典例】 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. They have two daughters, one is a baby, ___________ is a girl of 12. A．other B．the other C．one other D．another ( ) 2. Would you like to have ________ glass of milk? A．another B．the others C．others D．other ( ) 3. The supermarket is on _____ side of the street. A.other B.another C.the other D.others ( ) 4. Tom, you should know how to get on well with _____. A.another B.others C.the other D.other ( ) 5. Some people like to rest in their free time,______ like to travel. A.other B. the others C.others D. another ( ) 6. I have six coloured pencils: one is blue, another is red, and _____ are green. A.others B.another C.others D.the others 二、选用所给的不定代词填空 other, the other, others, the others, another 1.What _______ things can you see in the picture. 2. I have two pens. One is red, _______ is black. 3. There are only five students in the classroom. What are _______? 4. There are a lot of people in the park. Some are walking, some are looking at the flowers, some are boating, _______ are running. 5. The jacket is too small for me. Would you show me _______ one? 答案：一、1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6. D 二、1．other 2．the other 3．others 4．others 5. another 【考点10】 You must raise your hand first. 你必须先举手。 【详解】 raise 是及物动词，表示 “举起”，后面要直接跟宾语。此外，raise还有“饲养、供养，筹集” 的意思。 例句：If you have any questions, raise your hands. 如果你有问题，请举手。 Their family raised a big dog. 他们家养了一条大狗。 raise money for 为…筹钱 【拓展】 rise为不及物动词，过去式为rose，过去分词为risen。不能用于被动语态。后面要带上介词后才能加宾语，。指依次上升，如自然界的日、月、星、雾、云的上升，人体从睡、跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来等。 例句：Prices rise every day in those countries. 在那些国家物价天天上涨。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 【典例】 （ ）1．If you ________ something, you move it higher. A．rise B．raise C．will rise D．will raise （ ）2．The sun is ________. It’s time to ________the flag. A．raising … rise B．raising … raise C．rising … raise D．rising … rise （ ）3．Those who want to say something more _______ your hands and _______ to speak. A．rise; raise B．raise; rise C．rise; rise D．raise; raise （ ）4．We ________ our heads to watch the sun ________ over the bridge. A．rise; rise B．raise; raises C．rise; raises D．raise; rise （ ）5．Early to bed and early ________ is a good habit. A．to raise B．to rise C．raise D．rise 答案：1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 【考点11】 There are too many rules in my life. 在我的生活中有很多规则。 【详解】形容词短语too many意为“太多”，后跟可数名词复数。 【拓展】辨析too many, too much和much too的用法 短语 含义 用法 too many 太多 形容词短语，修饰可数名词复数 too much 太多 形容词短语，修饰不可数名词 much too 太，非常 副词短语，修饰副词或形容词 注意：没有many too的表达 【典例】 1．He eats ________ food, so he is ________ fat. A．much too; too much B．too much; much too C．much too; too many| 2．The children have ________ homework to do every day. A．many too B．too many C．much too D．too much 3．All the schools have ________ rules. A．many too B．too much C．too many D．much too 4. 用too much, too many或者much too填空。 1）. There are trees in our school. 2）. It’s hot today. 3）. Don’t eat junk food.It’s bad for your health. 答案：1. B 2. D 3. C 4. 1）.too many 2）. much too 3）. too much 【考点12】 When I’m in school, I mustn’t use the phone. In class either. 当我在学校的时候，我不能用电话。在课堂上也是。 【详解】either在本句子中作副词，意为“也（不）”。 either作为连词构成短语“either…or…”表示“要么......要么......; 或者......或者......”的意思。 【拓展】 辨析either, too和also的用法。 易混词 意义及用法 either “也”，用于否定句中，置于句末，可以用“，”隔开，也可以不用。 too “也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开 also “也”，用于肯定句句中，置于系动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前 例如：The girl can’t play the guitar, either. I like dancing, too. I also like English. 【典例】 （ ）1．I don’t like history. And my best friend doesn’t like it, _________. A．too B．also C．either D．well （ ）2．She_______ chatting with her friends after school. A．too likes B．also likes C．either likes D．likes also （ ）3．I am enjoying sports, ______. A．as well as B．also C．too D．either 答案：C B C 【考点13】 I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. 我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。 【详解】practise作动词，意为“训练；练习”。其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 常用搭配“practise (doing) sth. 练习（做）某事”。 例如：We can see Dave practise (playing) the piano. 【拓展】 practice 可以作动词或名词，意为“练习”。 作动词时，和practise的用法一致。 作名词时，常做不可数名词。 例如：Let’s do some practice. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 【典例】 （ ）1.— What do you usually do in the morning? —I often practice ________ English. A．speak B．to speak C．speaking （ ）2. You need more _______ if you want to do better in playing the piano. A. lesson B. money C. practice D. play 答案：C C 【考点14】 You can’t use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning. 你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要专注于学习。 【详解1】need此处作实义动词，意为“需要”，后面可以跟名词、代词或动词不定式等作宾语。在句子中有人称和数的变化。 例句：I need a hat. 我需要一顶帽子。 Where’s his pen? He needs it. 他的钢笔在哪里？他需要它。 We need to eat healthy food. 我们需要吃健康的食物。 拓展句型：There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事。 【拓展】need还可用作情态动词，意为“需要”，用法如下： 1)没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 2)可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。 3)其否定形式为needn’t，意为“不需要；没必要”。 4)need引导一般疑问句时， 肯定回答是：“Yes, 主语（人称代词主格）+must.”； 否定回答是：“No，主语（人称代词主格）+needn’t.”。 例如：—Need he do his homework first? 他需要先做作业吗？ —Yes, he must./ No, he needn’t. 是的，他需要（先做作业）。 / 不，他不需要（先做作业） 【典例】 （ ）1．I need Amy ________ me. A．help B．helps C．helping D．to help （ ）2．We have many eggs in the fridge. You ________ buy any more. A．don’t need B．needn’t to C．don’t need to D．need to （ ）3．You ________ worry. We will help you deal with the problem. A．needn’t B．don’t need C．need not to D．doesn’t need to （ ）4．He needs ________ a dictionary in the store. A．to buy B．buying C．buys D．and buy （ ）5．Granny ______ glasses when she reads newspapers. A．doesn’t need B．need C．doesn’t need to D．needn’t （ ）6．She is only a child, so there is no need ________ her so much stress. A．give B．giving C．to give 答案：1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．A 6．C 【考点15】 Remember: No rules, no order! 记住：没有规则就没有秩序！ 【详解1】 remember是及物动词，意为“记住，记起”；其反义词是forget，意为“忘记”。 remember后可接名词、代词、动词-ing或动词不定式作宾语，本句中remember后面的句子作其宾语。 例如：I can’t remember his telephone number.我记不得他的电话号码了。 【比较记忆】remember to do sth.与remember doing sth remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事，说明事情还没有做，相当于don’t forget to do sth. remember doing sth 记得做过某事，说明事情已经做过 【典例】 ( )1. Remember ______ off the lights when you leave the room,please. A.to turn B. turning C.turn D. turns ( )2．I remember ________ her at a party once（曾经）, but I don’t know her name. A．meeting B．to meet C．met D．meet ( )3．Oh, the door is open. But I remember ________ it yesterday. A．close B．to close C．closing D．closed 答案：A A C 【详解2】“No＋名词”是一个常见的英语结构，通常用于否定句中，表示某物或某事不存在或没有。以下是这种结构的一些常见用法： 1．No＋名词 表示否定或缺乏 例如： No money 没有钱 No time 没有时间， No problem 没问题 2．No＋名词 表示禁止或不允许 例如： No smoking 禁止吸烟。 3．No＋名词 表示拒绝或不同意： 例如： No way 绝对不 【详解3】 1. rule n. 规则；规章 v.统治 ruler 意为：统治者；格尺 固定搭配：follow the rules 遵守规则 against the rules 违反规则 2.order ①n. 顺序; 点餐；订购 keep order 维持秩序 in good/bad order 有/无条理 take one’s order 点菜 make an order 下单 ②v.命令；点餐；订购 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事。 ③拓展固定搭配： in order to do sth. 目的是做某事； 为了做某事。 in order that = so that +目的状语从句 目的是...；为了... 例句：May I take your order, sir? 先生，我可以请您点菜了吗？ He gets up early every morning in order to catch the bus . 为了赶上那辆公交车，他每天起得很早。 =He gets up early every morning in order that he can catch the bus. 【典例】 ( )1. You mustn’t work in the lab by yourself. It’s ________ the rules. A．for B．against C．with D．to ( )2. Everyone should always ________ traffic rules. A．follow B．keep C．protect D.ask ( )3. We live with our grandparents ________ take good care of them. A．in order to B．in order that C．in order D．in the order ( )4. The police ordered them ________ right there. A．wait B．to wait C．waiting D．waited ( )5. Steve turns off his phone before reading ________ he can focus better on the story later. A．even if B．in order that C．now that D．as soon as ( )6. Shopping is much easier for us. Now we can make ________ order on the phone. A．an B．a C．the D．不填 ( )7. He works hard ________ he can get good grades in the exam. A．in order B．in order to C．so that D．such that ( )8. We will plant more trees in order that we can improve our environment. A．so that B．in order to 答案：1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 【考点16】 Dr. Know’s advice 【详解】advice 意为：建议；意见（不可数名词） 常用搭配：a piece of advice 一条建议 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 take/follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议 ask sb. for some advice 向某人征求意见 【拓展】 advise 建议 （动词） 常用搭配： ①advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。 例句： My mother advises me to study hard. 我妈妈建议我要努力学习。 ②advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事。 例句：I advise him not play in the street. 我建议他不要在街上玩。 【近义词】 suggest v.建议；暗示 → suggestion n.建议（可数） 【典例】 ( )1. Our teacher always gives us ________ when we have problems. A．an advice B．an advise C．some advice D．some advices ( )2. My parents advise me ________ the chess club. But I don’t like it. A．join B．joining C．to join D．joined ( )3. My parents ________ that I take my teacher’s ________. A．advice; advise B．advise; advice C．advices; advises D．advises; advices ( )4. I think it is ________ good advice, and it’s really ________ useful suggestion. A．a; an B．/; a C．a; a D．/; an ( )5. Mrs Smart gave us ________ on how to learn English well. A．some advices B．some suggestion C．a piece of advice D．a piece of suggestion 6．Let me give you some ________ (suggest) and ________ (advise) about learning English. 答案：1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．suggestions; advice （一）祈使句 （1）定义: 用来表示请求、命令、建议、号召、警告等的句子。说话的对象大多为第二人称you，且常被省略。句末用感叹号或句号，读时用降调。为了表示客气，常用please一词。 （2）构成：祈使句分为肯定祈使句和否定祈使句。 1) 肯定祈使句 Do型 动词原形 + 宾语 + 其他 Listen to the teacher carefully! Be 型 Be + 表语（名词/形容词） + 其他 Be careful!/Be a good man. Let 型 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 +其他 Let me help you. 2) 否定祈使句 Do型 在句首 + Don’t Don’t forget me. Be 型 在句首 + Don’t Don’t be late! Let 型 Don’t let sb do sth.或者Let sb. not do sth. Don’t let him go. = Let him not go. No 型 No +n.或者No + doing No photos. No parking. （3）答语: 祈使句的动作通常是将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。 【注意】在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意形式一致和意义相反。即：yes与will；no与won’t要一致；yes意为“不”；no意为“是”。 Eg:：—Don’t go out. It’s raining hard. 不要出去了。天正下着大雨。 —Yes, I will. Lily is waiting for me. 不，我要去。莉莉在等我呢 —No, I won’t. I will stay at home. 好的，我不会去的。我待在家就好。 （4）祈使句的其他形式：用名词，形容词，副词，动词等直接表达。简洁明快，口语化。 Eg: Hands up! 举起手来！ Eg：Help！ 救命！ Eg: Off the grass! 勿踏草坪！ 对祈使句的回答： ---Close the door, please. ---Certainly./ Sure./ OK./ Yes./ Of course, I will. ---Don't be late for school, Sam! --- No, I won't. (当然，我不会的。) （5）祈使句的反义疑问句：通常使用 will you？ Open the door, will you？ 开开门，好吗？ Don't be late for school, will you？不要迟到，好吗？ Come early, ________ __________? Don't talk in class，________ _________? 注意区别： Let us have something to drink, will you? 让我们喝点东西，好吗？ Let's go to the park, shall we? 咱们去公园吧，好吗？ 祈使句用法歌诀 祈使句，祈使句，请求、命令或建议。 主语是you常省去，动词原形开头记。 否定形式要注意，句首要把Don’t加。 要讲客气用please，句首、句末没关系。 【当堂训练】 （ ）1.Tom, _________ afraid of speaking in front of people. A. don't B. not C. not be D. don't be 2.Listen to me, please. (变成否定句） ___________________________. 3.Be quiet. (变成否定句) __________________________________. 4.Let him sit here. (变成否定句) ______________________________. 5. Let's ____________(go) home. 6 . Let's ________________(not watch) TV again. 7.No ______________(smoke)！ 8. Don't __________(be) late for school. 9. _________________(not eat) in the classroom. 10. __________(get) up, Anna. It is time to go to school. 11.No talking in the reading room. (同义句转换) __________ _________ in the reading room. 12.Let us go out for a walk, _________ _______? 13. Let's go home, __________ ___________? 14. Don't smoke here, _________ __________? 15. Close the window, __________ __________? 答案：1.D 2.Don’t listen to me. 3. Don’t be quiet. 4. Let him not sit here. 5. go 6. not watch 7. smoking 8. be 9. Don’t eat 10. Get 11. Don’t smoke 12. will you 13.shall we 14. will you 15. will you （二）情态动词 情态动词+动词原形 无人称和数的变化 肯定形式 否定形式 用法 can 可以 can’t 不可以 (1) 表示能力 He can speak English. (2) 表示请求或允许 Can I help you? (3) 表示猜测--100%否定 Eg: --Look at woman at the gate! --That can’t be our teacher, because she went to Shanghai yesterday . could couldn’t may 可能 may not 可能不 (1) 表示请求或允许 (2) 表示希望、祝愿。 (3) 表示猜测（可能） might might must必须 mustn’t 禁止 (1) 表示命令“必须” (2) 表示猜测（可能） They must be at home. The light is on. have to必须 Don’t/doesn’t have to 不必 must_____看法，认为有必要或有意义去做某事； have to 侧重于_____，含有“_____”之意。 Eg：You don't have to tell him about it. You mustn't tell him about it. need 需要 needn’t 不必 need do sth 是情态动词 need to do sth. 是实义动词 had better do 最好... had better not do 最好不要.... 其余 will--would shall-- should ought to dare 敢 【当堂训练】 ( ) 1. It rained heavily, so we __ _ stay at home watching TV all day. A. could B. had to C. must D. may ( )2. — Could I borrow your dictionary? — Yes, of course you _______. A. might B. will C. can D. should ( )3. You ____ go out for long time at night. Your parents may worry about you. A. can B. may C. can't D. needn't ( )4. I hear you are going to the movie theater tonight. ___ I go with you? A. Need B. Might C. Must D. Can ( )5 . This book ___Lucy's. Look ! Her name is on the book cover. A. must be B. may be C. can't be D. mustn't be 答案：B C C B A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$