14. 2025年高二英语寒假作业 单词复习+习题精做 每天80分钟 选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 学习测试版+答案解析版

第二部分 弯道超车 选择性必修第三册 2025高二寒假作业 每天80分钟 学习测试版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. adversity n. 困境；逆境 2. expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队 3. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力 4. cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜 5. steward n. (轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员 6. crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n. 拥挤的人群 7. stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具 8. banjo n. 班卓琴(乐器) 9. voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行 10. navy n. 海军；海军部队 11. decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 12. cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的 13. crew n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人 14. rugby n. 橄榄球运动 15. corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的 16. navigator n. 领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 17. episode n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 18. motive n. 动机；原因；目的 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. wage n. 工资 2. bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 3. vigour(NAmE vigor) n. 精力；力量；活力 4. sink vi. (sank/sunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没 5. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 6. blanket n. 毯子 7. miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的 8. good/bad-tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的 9. genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 10. thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的 11. furniture n. 家具 12. bark vi. & n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问 13. bat n. 球拍；蝙蝠 vi. & vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打 14. damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的 15. recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏 16. nephew n. 侄子；外甥 17. rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 18. motor n. 发动机；马达 adj. 有引擎的；机动车的 19. candidate n. 候选人；应试者 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify v. (使)具有资格；(使)合格→qualification n. 资格；资历；资格证书 2. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv. 热情地→enthusiasm n. 热情；热忱 3. aboard adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board v. 上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n. 木板；董事会；伙食 4. assign vt. 分派；布置；分配→assignment n. 任务；作业；分配 5. envy n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌→envious adj. 忌妒的；羡慕的 6. belongings n. [pl. ]财物；动产→belong vi. 属于；应在(某处) 7. selfish adj. 自私的→selfishly adv. 自私地→selfishness n. 自私 8. perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求 9. resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n. 决心；坚定的信念→resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定；决心 10. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv. 残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n. 残忍；残酷 11. unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地→fortunately (反) adv. 幸运地→fortune n. 运气；财产→fortunate adj. 幸运的 12. guidance n. 指导；引导；导航→guide n. 导游；指南 vt. 带领；引导；为……领路 13. advertising n. 广告活动；广告业→advertise vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n. 广告；宣传 14. loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实 15. commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献→commit vt. 犯(错误、罪行等) vi. & vt. (使)承担义务；(使)作出保证→committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. turn sb down拒绝(某人) 2. make fire生火 3. give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) 4. dream of/about梦想 5. at the age of在……岁时 6. be enthusiastic about对……充满热情 7. become/be stuck in陷于 8. throw away扔掉 9. manage to do sth 设法做成某事 10. go from bad to worse每况愈下 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries. (全部倒装) 以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记摘录。 2. Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats，our food，the cook stove，candles，clothes，and blankets. (before引导的时间状语从句) 在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把我们召集在一起，告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品——小船、食物、炉子、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。 3. How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees！(as... as... ) 我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！ 4. It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere. (as long as “只要”) 只要你坚持，最终就会成功。 5. If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve. (if引导的虚拟条件句) 要是没有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。 晨检得分 _______/_______ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1. adversity n. _________________ 2. expedition n. _________________ 3. endurance n. _________________ 4. motive n. _________________ 5. steward n. _________________ 6. crew n. _________________ 7. cosy adj. _________________ 8. voyage n. & vi. _________________ 9. episode n. _________________ 10. decent adj. _________________ Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 1. _________________ adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 2. _________________ vi. 沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没 3. _________________ vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 4. _________________ adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 5. _________________ adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的 6. _________________ adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 7. _________________ n. 候选人；应试者 8. _________________ adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的 9. _________________ vi. & n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问 10. _________________ n. 球拍；蝙蝠 vi. & vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1. _________________ adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→_________________ v. 上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n. 木板；董事会；伙食 2. _________________ n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌→_________________ adj. 忌妒的；羡慕的 3. _________________ adj. 自私的→_________________ adv. 自私地→_________________ n. 自私 4. _________________ n. 广告活动；广告业→_________________ vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→_________________ n. 广告；宣传 5. _________________ adj. 忠诚的；忠实的→_________________ n. 忠诚；忠实 Ⅳ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1. _________________每况愈下 2. _________________生火 3. _________________设法做成某事 4. _________________在……岁时 5. _________________对……充满热情 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1. The woman is always so _________________ about her career that many people are affected by her _________________. (enthusiastic) 2. It feels terrible to be treated _________________，but the sad truth is that the _________________ is generally ignored by others. (cruel) 3. Instead of _________________ to lose weight，try a practical _________________：“I’ll stop having dessert for lunch. ”(resolve) 4. _________________，he was _________________ enough to receive a large _________________ from his uncle but _________________，his mother fell ill. (fortune) 5. He _________________ himself to working day and night and his _________________ won him a great reputation. (commit) 6. He _________________ with his violin lessons. It was his _________________ that enabled him to become a distinguished violinist. (persevere) 7. He has educational _________________ and hence he is well _________________ for the job as a tutor. (qualify) 8. Unfortunately，all his _________________ have been stolen，so nothing _________________ to him. (belong) 9. Under the _________________ of the qualified _________________，we traveled around the places of interest very happily. (guide) 10. He _________________ me to the difficult _________________，so I couldn’t waste any time. (assign) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1. What is known to us all is that not _________________ waste gas is an advantage of riding bicycles. 2. His positive attitude inspired many people who _________________ illness. 3. People are recycling many things that _________________ in the past. 4. The young man _________________ by the company，which was beyond our wild expectations. 5. My uncle says that he never _________________ becoming rich in a short period of time. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分) 1. 以下是一些你渴望了解的相关信息，这对你的汉语学习可能有很大的帮助。(全部倒装) ________________________________________________，which can be of great benefit to your Chinese learning. 2. 我们必须给花浇足够的水，这是很有必要的。(as... as... ) We must give flowers ________________________________________________，which is very necessary. 3. 做最终决定前，我将询问您的建议。(before引导的时间状语从句) ________________________________________________，I will ask you for your advice. 4. 只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京上大学期间拥有最难忘的经历。(as long as) ________________________________________________，you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing. 5. 如果我是你，我肯定会充分利用时间来提高我的学业成绩。(if引导的虚拟条件句) ________________________________________________ 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与社会之爱尔兰的几种受欢迎的户外运动 议论文 387 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之压力和挑战形成的原因 议论文 426 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之做具有挑战性的事情的好处 说明文 323 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之一名残疾人一次探险风格的游轮经历 记叙文 501 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之徒步旅行是一种冒险旅游 说明文 197 适中(0. 65) 应用文写作 写一篇短文参赛 学校正在组织英语作文比赛，以经历过的一次困难或考验为题， 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25高二上·河南商丘·期中）Price and comfort are among the factors, but it is chilly Atlantic mists and gray skies that make pubs in Ireland popular. But those who prize challenge over comfort will find outdoor travel adventures year-round in every corner of the country. Surfing Ireland has gained a name for fascinating waves. Taste the fun at Inchydoney Surf School. The school owner Colum McAuley once said, “When the waves break, they roll in for a long distance so you have a lot of time to get to your feet. ” For safety reasons, group and private lessons are offered and wetsuits and all equipment are provided. Call to book lessons. For more information, visit Inchydoneysurfschool. com (+3530868695396). Rock Climbing Ireland’s mountains have long attracted wanderers. The scaling tradition has led to rock climbing. Vertigo Outdoor in County Wicklow offers lessons for beginners and those learning to lead. Sites are mainly in Dublin and Wicklow, but clients can go farther. For more information, call or fill out a booking form online at vertigooutdoor. com (+3530879971242). Skiing If you’re in the market for a beginner’s lesson on skiing, the Ski Club of Ireland is a different, low- key place to try one. Located in south Dublin and accessible by city bus, the Ski Club is a not-for- profit organization devoted to promoting skiing and snowboarding. Inexperienced skiers and snowboarders can contact classes at Skiclub. ie (+353 01 295 5658). Kitesurfing Kitesurfing can accurately be called an extreme sport. Beginners can start at Sky High in Tramore. Lessons cover theory and practice with small, controlled kites. Lessons run year-round, but must occasionally be rescheduled if winds are either too strong or nonexistent. Call or complete an online inquiry(询问)form for more information at Skyhigh. ie (+353 087 790 7480). 1. What is the key reason that makes pubs in Ireland well-received? A. Price. B. Location. C. Weather. D. Comfort. 2. What should visitors do to obtain more details about climbing? A. Call 353 086 869 5396. B. Visit the website. C. Send an email inquiry. D. Read online reviews. 3. What do the four activities have in common? A. Necessary courses are offered. B. They are available year-round. C. Coaches are with you all the way. D. Free sports equipment is provided. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】闲暇活动 、应用文、探险旅行 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了爱尔兰的户外运动，列出了几种受欢迎的运动，包括冲浪、攀岩、滑雪和风筝冲浪，并提供了相关的信息以及适合初学者的课程和联系方式。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Price and comfort are among the factors, but it is chilly Atlantic mists and gray skies that make pubs in Ireland popular. (价格和舒适度是其中的因素，但正是寒冷的大西洋薄雾和灰色的天空让爱尔兰的酒吧很受欢迎。)”可知，爱尔兰的酒吧很受欢迎是因为寒冷的大西洋薄雾和灰色的天空，即天气。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据Rock Climbing下的“For more information, call or fill out a booking form online at vertigooutdoor. com (+3530879971242). (如需了解更多信息，请致电vertigooutdoor. com（+3530879971242）或在线填写预订表格。)”可知，游客要获取更多有关攀岩的详细信息可以去访问网站。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据Surfing下的“For safety reasons, group and private lessons are offered and wetsuits and all equipment are provided. (出于安全原因，提供团体和私人课程，并提供潜水衣和所有设备。)”，Rock Climbing下的“Vertigo Outdoor in County Wicklow offers lessons for beginners and those learning to lead. (威克洛郡的Vertigo Outdoor为初学者和学习领导的人提供课程。)”，Skiing下的“If you’re in the market for a beginner’s lesson on skiing, the Ski Club of Ireland is a different, low- key place to try one. (如果你在市场上参加滑雪初学者课程，爱尔兰滑雪俱乐部是一个不同的、低调的地方可以尝试。)”，Kitesurfing下的“Lessons cover theory and practice with small, controlled kites. (课程涵盖理论和实践，使用小型受控风筝。)”可知，每个活动均提供了必要的课程。故选A项。 B （24-25高二上·四川雅安·阶段练习）Life can be overwhelming (令人不知所措的), and you’re not alone if you’re struggling. 65% of adults in the United States reported feeling stressed due to current circumstances. This means two-thirds of adults are uncertain about their lives and futures. You may wonder why everything feels so hard. Perhaps you’re comparing yourself to others who don’t seem to be experiencing the same level of stress. However, everyone’s journey is different. Your peers may be facing challenges privately or might be in a different stage of life. It’s best to focus on your own progress rather than comparing yourself to others. Personal challenges also impact how hard life feels. Family issues such as problematic relationships can lead to feelings of loneliness, shame, and jealousy (嫉妒) when you see others with strong familial support. Interpersonal issues such as navigating a break-up or losing a loved one can also make life feel harder. Feeling socially isolated can contribute to a sense of loneliness, which can badly affect health, leading to poor sleep and other issues. Psychological and physical pain further complicates life’s challenges. It’s essential to acknowledge how society factors contribute to these feelings. We’re facing economic disorder, which can be traumatic and make life feel more difficult, Licensed therapist (心理治疗师) Alegria Louise Demeestere emphasizes the importance of looking at systemic causes rather than blaming individuals. Understanding why life feels hard is the first step. When feeling this way, it’s common to feel angry or upset. “Your feeling is trying to tell you something,” says Demeestere. Being curious about your feeling can prevent you from taking it out on others or numbing it through addictions. Facing the feeling directly can use its energy to push you forward past difficulties. 4. Why should we focus on our own progress? A. It is the key to success. B. It helps to reduce anxiety completely. C. Everyone’s journey is different. D. Everyone’s demand is uneven. 5. What can cause feelings of loneliness, shame and jealousy? A. Family matters. B. Interpersonal issues. C. Psychological pain. D. Economic disorder. 6. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “traumatic” in paragraph 4? A. Painful. B. Unexpected. C. Cheerful. D. Memorable. 7. What is mainly emphasized in the last paragraph? A. Living a creative life. B. Looking at systemic causes. C. Seeking out extra support. D. Understanding why life feels hard. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】议论文、认识压力、迎接挑战 【导语】本文为一篇议论文，主要讨论了压力和挑战形成的原因以及应对这些感受的策略。 4. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, everyone’s journey is different. Your peers may be facing challenges privately or might be in a different stage of life. It’s best to focus on your own progress rather than comparing yourself to others. (然而，每个人的旅程都是不同的。你的同龄人可能私下面临挑战，或者可能处于不同的人生阶段。最好关注自己的进步，而不是拿自己和别人比较)”可知，我们应该专注于自己的进步，因为每个人的旅程都是不同的。故选C。 5. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Family issues such as problematic relationships can lead to feelings of loneliness, shame, and jealousy (嫉妒) when you see others with strong familial support. (家庭问题，比如有问题的人际关系，当你看到其他人有强大的家庭支持时，会导致孤独、羞耻和嫉妒的感觉)”可知，家庭问题会导致孤独、羞耻和嫉妒的感受。故选A。 6. 词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“We’re facing economic disorder(我们正面临经济混乱)”及后文“make life feel more difficult(让生活变得更加困难)”可知，面临经济混乱是痛苦的，会让生活变得更加困难，划线词与painful意思相近，意为“痛苦的”。故选A。 7. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Understanding why life feels hard is the first step. (理解为什么生活如此艰难是第一步)”及全段内容可知，文章最后一段强调了“理解为什么生活如此艰难”是第一步，然后人们才能直面这种感觉。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高二上·河南·阶段练习）Doing something challenging takes courage, commitment and willpower. 8 ! Whether it’s finding your dream job, learning a new skill or starting a new wellness routine, you’ll grow and learn along the way. So, step outside of your comfort zone and face the challenge. You’ll learn lessons that can transform your life. It builds your resilience (适应力). When you face something difficult, you can build your resilience. Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that you’re born with. 9 The key: set small, attainable goals that push you a little outside of your comfort zone but still within reach. You’ll gradually see progress and maintain motivation as you work toward self-improvement. 10 . You may not realize how incredible you are until you overcome something difficult. Dealing with a challenge shows your strengths, maybe some you didn’t even know that you had! This self-awareness helps develop a sense of purpose. It also helps improve performance and leads to better decision-making. It teaches you self-confidence. Completing a challenge shows you do have the capability to succeed. In other words, when things get difficult, you have the strength to continue forward, giving you a newfound sense of self-worth. 11 . It helps you learn new skills. If you want to improve your fitness, you challenge your body to become stronger, right? 12 ! Challenging yourself helps you learn new skills that you improve over time with commitment and practice. So find a goal that you feel crazy about. You’ll expand your mind as you learn new information and experience new situations. A. But it’s well worth it B. It develops self-awareness C. It helps you manage stress D. You can also train yourself to become resilient E. That same approach applies to just about anything F. You’ll experience a bad meal in an unfamiliar place G. You’ll carry that confidence as you face future challenges 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. G 12. E 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】迎接挑战、方法/策略 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做具有挑战性的事情的好处。 8. 根据空前“Doing something challenging takes courage, commitment and willpower. (做一些具有挑战性的事情需要勇气，承诺和意志力)”及空后“Whether it’s finding your dream job, learning a new skill or starting a new wellness routine, you’ll grow and learn along the way. (无论是找到你梦想中的工作，学习一项新技能，还是开始一项新的健康计划，你都会在这个过程中成长和学习)”可知，上文指出做一些具有挑战性的事情的困难之处，下文提到这样做的好处。由此推知，虽然做一些具有挑战性的事情有困难，但是它是值得的，会带来好处，A项“但是这很值得”符合语境。故选A。 9. 根据空前“Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that you’re bon with. (适应力不只是你与生俱来的一种固定品质)”及空后“The key: set small, attainable goals that push you a little outside of your comfort zone but still within reach. (关键是：设定小的、可实现的目标，让你稍微走出舒适区，但仍在力所能及的范围内)”可知，上文指出适应力不是与生俱来的，下文提出具体的练习方法。由此推知，空处是说适应力是可以通过练习培养出来的，D项“你也可通过训练让自己有适应力”符合语境。故选D。 10. 根据下文“You may not realize how  incredible you are until you overcome something difficult. Dealing with a  challenge shows your strengths, maybe some you didn’t even know that  you had! This self-awareness helps develop a sense of purpose. It also  helps improve performance and leads to better decision-making. (直到你克服了困难，你才会意识到自己是多么的不可思议。应对挑战能显示出你的优势，也许有些是你自己都不知道的！这种自我意识有助于培养目标感。它还有助于提高绩效并导致更好的决策)”可知，本段是关于自我意识，B项“培养自我意识”适合作本段小标题。故选B。 11. 根据本段小标题“It teaches you self-confidence. (它教会你自信)”及空前“In other words, when things get difficult, you have the strength to continue forward, giving you a newfound sense of self-worth. (换句话说，当事情变得困难时，你有继续前进的力量，给你一种新的自我价值感)”可知，完成挑战会给你带来自信，G项“你会带着这种信心去面对未来的挑战”承接上文，符合语境，G项中“that confidence”呼应小标题中“self-confidence”，故选G。 12. 根据空前“If you want to improve your fitness, you challenge your body to become stronger, right?(如果你想改善你的健康状况，你挑战你的身体让它变得更强壮，对吗？)”及空后“Challenging yourself helps you learn new skills that you improve over time with commitment and practice. (挑战自己可以帮助你学习新的技能，随着时间的推移，你可以通过承诺和实践来提高这些技能)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，由挑战身体变得更加健康过渡到挑战自身学习新技能，E项“同样的方法几乎适用于任何事情”符合语境。故选E。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高二上·吉林长春·阶段练习）Living with a disability presents a lot of difficulties. Therefore, I have always avoided cruises (游轮). However, this expedition (探险)-style small-ship cruise changed my mind. When our expedition leader 13 we would make a Zodiac (卓迪船), 14 at Jan Mayen, a tiny island in the Arctic Ocean, I stepped out onto my balcony aboard our ship, 15 to find clear skies and calm seas. 16 , I was met with a gust of wet wind and a view of mist- covered mountains in the distance. Jan Mayen wasn’t on our itinerary (行程), and due to its 17 location and often unpredictable weather, very few people ever 18 the island. I knew the conditions weren’t 19 , but I wasn’t going to let that stop me. In fact, the possibility of 20 adventures was one of the reasons I chose this small-ship cruise. So I 21 joined my shipmates in the mud room, where we put on waterproof clothes and life jackets before getting on the Zodiacs for a bumpy (颠簸的) 22 to a black-sand beach. Even the fierce wind and rain couldn’t 23 our excitement as we 24 our way to the beach and hiked to a viewpoint, pausing to photograph the adorable purple flowers 25 the grey volcanic rocks. Our visit there wasn’t about what we could do or see. It was an opportunity to just be — to exist in a brief 26 on a tiny, often inaccessible, volcanic rock in the Arctic. And that’s something I never thought I’d 27 in my lifetime. 13. A. explained B. predicted C. revealed D. announced 14. A. living B. return C. landing D. mark 15. A. failing B. choosing C. struggling D. hoping 16. A. Instead B. Finally C. Thus D. Otherwise 17. A. superb B. remote C. favorable D. central 18. A. set foot on . B. had a command of C. kept track of D. gained control of 19. A. rewarding B. unique C. natural D. perfect 20. A. unwanted B. unsecured C. unplanned D. unapproved 21. A. mistakenly B. happily C. routinely D. nervously 22. A. walk B. flight C. ride D. path 23. A. hide B. reduce C. convey D. fuel 24. A. made B. lost C. fought D. felt 25. A. in response to B. in view of C. in contrast to D. in defense of 26. A. moment B. experiment C. glance D. ceremony 27. A. value B. admit C. miss D. experience 【答案】 13. D 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】夹叙夹议、探险旅行 【导语】这是一篇夹议夹叙的文章。讲述作者作为一名残疾人，原本因为生活中的种种困难而避免参与游轮旅行，但一次探险风格的游轮经历彻底改变了他的看法。这次经历不仅让作者体验到了前所未有的兴奋和冒险，还让他意识到，生活中的许多美好和珍贵时刻往往来自于那些未曾预料到的、短暂的、却意义深远的经历。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的探险领队宣布我们将在卓迪船上登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛——Jan Mayen时，我走出船舱，来到阳台上，希望能看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面。A. explained解释；B. predicted预测；C. revealed揭露；D. announced宣布。根据空前“our expedition leader”以及“we would make a Zodiac (卓迪船) ____2____ at Jan Mayen, a tiny island in the Arctic Ocean”可知，领队是在告知大家接下来的行程，即探险领队宣布我们将在卓迪船上登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛。故选D。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的探险领队宣布我们将在卓迪船上登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛——Jan Mayen时，我走出船舱，来到阳台上，希望能看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面。A. living居住；B. return返回；C. landing登陆；D. mark标记。根据下文“I stepped out onto my balcony aboard our ship”可知，作者走出船舱，是因为探险队长宣布登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛。故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的探险领队宣布我们将在卓迪船上登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛——Jan Mayen时，我走出船舱，来到阳台上，希望能看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面。A. failing失败；B. choosing选择；C. struggling挣扎；D. hoping希望。根据上文“When our expedition leader ____1____ we would make a Zodiac (卓迪船) ____2____ at Jan Mayen, a tiny island in the Arctic Ocean, I stepped out onto my balcony aboard our ship”可知，当描述的是主人公走出船舱后的期待心情。根据语境，“hoping”最符合，表示主人公希望看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面。故选D。 16. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我却迎面遇上了一股湿冷的风，远处是雾气缭绕的山峦。A. Instead相反；B. Finally最终；C. Thus因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“find clear skies and calm seas”以及空后“I was met with a gust of wet wind and a view of mist-covered mountains in the distance”可知，作者希望看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面，但正相反，他遇到了一阵湿冷的风和远处被雾覆盖的山景。故选A。 17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jan Mayen并不在我们的行程上，而且由于其位置偏远以及天气常常难以预料，很少有人踏足这个岛屿。A. superb卓越的；B. remote 偏远的；C. favorable有利的；D. central中心的。根据上文“Jan Mayen wasn’t on our itinerary” 和下文“often unpredictable weather, very few people ever ____6____ the island”可知，这座岛不在行程中，且很少有人踏上这个小岛，是因为其偏远的位置和常常不可预测的天气。故选B。 18. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Jan Mayen并不在我们的行程上，而且由于其位置偏远以及天气常常难以预料，很少有人踏足这个岛屿。A. set foot on踏上；B. had a command of精通；C. kept track of记录；D. gained control of控制。根据上文“and due to its ____5____ location and often unpredictable weather”可知，Jan Mayen小岛位置偏远，天气常常不可预测，所以很少有人能踏上这个岛屿。故选A。 19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道条件并不理想，但我不会让那阻止我。A. rewarding有回报的；B. unique独一无二的；C. natural自然的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文“I was met with a gust of wet wind and a view of mist-covered mountains in the distance”可知，由于现在的天气不好，所以登岛的条件并不理想。故选D。 20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，计划外冒险的可能性是我选择这艘小船航行的原因之一。A. unwanted不需要的；B. unsecured无担保的；C. unplanned未计划的；D. unapproved未经许可的。根据上文“Jan Mayen wasn’t on our itinerary”可知，探险队的队长临时决定登录北极洋的一个小岛，所以正是作者选择这艘小船航行的原因之一，即未被计划的冒险。故选C。 21. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我高兴地加入了船友，在泥泞的房间里，我们穿上防水衣和救生衣，然后坐上卓迪船，开始了一段颠簸的旅程，前往一个黑沙滩。A. mistakenly错误地；B. happily开心地；C. routinely常规地；D. nervously紧张地。根据上文“In fact, the possibility of ____8____ adventures was one of the reasons I chose this small-ship cruise. ”可知，作者选择这趟小型游轮旅行的原因之一就是可能发生的没有计划的冒险，所以作者非常快乐地和船员们呆在一起。故选B。 22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我高兴地加入了船友，在泥泞的房间里，我们穿上防水衣和救生衣，然后坐上卓迪船，开始了一段颠簸的旅程，前往一个黑沙滩。A. walk步行；B. flight飞行；C. ride旅行；D. path路径。根据空前“getting on the Zodiacs for a bumpy”可知，此处指作者乘坐船登上黑沙滩。选项中 ride “旅行”，可以指代前往黑沙滩的旅程。故选C。 23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使狂风暴雨也无法减少我们的兴奋之情，我们一路走向海滩，然后徒步到一个观景点，停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵。A. hide隐藏；B. reduce减少；C. convey传达；D. fuel加油，加剧。根据空前的“Even the fierce wind and rain couldn’t”以及空后的“our excitement”和后文“and hiked to a viewpoint, pausing to photograph the adorable purple flowers ”可知他们徒步到一个观景点，停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵，因此恶劣的天气阻止不了作者他们到达黑沙滩的兴奋。故选B。 24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使狂风暴雨也无法减少我们的兴奋之情，我们一路走向海滩，然后徒步到一个观景点，停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵。A. made赶往；B. lost丢失；C. fought战斗，努力争取；D. felt感觉 。根据后文“hiked to a viewpoint, pausing to photograph the adorable purple flowers”，结合and可知，要选择一个动词和我们停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵构成顺承的动作，“make one’s way”为固定短语，意为“前进……”。故选A。 25. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：即使狂风暴雨也无法减少我们的兴奋之情，我们一路走向海滩，然后徒步到一个观景点，停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵。A. in response to 响应；B. in view of 鉴于；C. in contrast to 与……对比；D. in defense of 为……辩护。根据空前的“adorable purple flowers . ”以及空后的“the grey volcanic rocks”可知，此处指拍摄那些小巧的紫色花朵时，特别注意到了它们与周围火山岩的鲜明对比。故选C。 26. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的到访并不是为了能做些什么或看到什么。这是一个仅仅为了存在的机会——在北极一个微小、往往难以到达的火山岩上，短暂地停留。A. moment时刻；B. experiment实验；C. glance一瞥；D. ceremony仪式。根据上文“Our visit there wasn’t about what we could do or see. ”和空前的 brief 可知，作者觉得这次旅行的意义在于他们在登上常人难以到达的北极火山岩上宝贵而短暂的时刻。故选A。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中从未想过会体验到的事情。A. value重视；B. admit承认；C. miss想念、错过；D. experience体验。根据上文“Living with a disability presents a lot of difficulties. Therefore, I have always avoided cruises(游轮)”可知，作为残疾人，作者从未想过乘坐游轮去探险，所以登上常人难以到达的北极火山岩上时是他从未想到会体验的事情。故选D。 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高二上·江西宜春·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hiking tours are a kind of adventure tourism. Generally speaking, these vacations focus almost entirely 28 hiking from one place to another. Hiking tours can be regarded as a group activity or alone. There are many different ways of organizing hiking tours. Some people like to go out into the areas where there are very few people and travel over a long 29 (distant) from one place to another. They usually stay in hotels overnight before 30 (travel) to the next place on the following day. Guides can make hiking trips 31 (safe) and more focused. Some hikers prefer to take hiking tours without guides because of costs or because they want to challenge 32 (they). However, employing a reliable guide during a hiking tour 33 (consider) as a better choice for less experienced hikers. 34 activity can be very tiring, and those who are new to hiking may worry that they aren’t 35 (physical) able to finish the tours. Sometimes it can be helpful for people 36 (go) to the doctor and make sure 37 is safe for them to choose a difficult hike. Sometimes, a challenging hike can be deadly for someone having heart disease. 【答案】 28. on/upon 29. distance 30. travelling/traveling 31. safer 32. themselves 33. is considered 34. The 35. physically 36. to go 37. it 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】探险旅行 【导语】这是一篇说明文。徒步旅行是一种冒险旅游，文章对这项运动进行了介绍并提出了注意事项。 28. 考查介词。句意：一般来说，这些假期几乎完全集中在徒步旅行从一个地方到另一个地方。focus on/upon意为“集中于”，为固定搭配。故填on/upon。 29. 考查名词。句意：有些人喜欢到人迹罕至的地方，从一个地方到另一个地方进行长途旅行。在介词over后应用名词单数distance表示“距离”作宾语，此处distance为可数名词。故填distance。 30. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们通常在酒店过夜，第二天再前往下一个地方。在介词before后应用动名词作宾语。故填travelling/traveling。 31. 考查形容词比较级。句意：导游可以让徒步旅行更安全，更专注。根据more focused可知，此处应用形容词safe的比较级作宾语补足语。故填safer。 32. 考查代词。句意：一些徒步旅行者更喜欢参加没有导游的徒步旅行，因为成本问题，或者因为他们想挑战自己。此处宾语和主语指代相同，所以应用反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。 33. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，对于缺乏经验的徒步旅行者来说，在徒步旅行中雇佣可靠的向导是一个更好的选择。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时，动词consider意为“认为”，和主语构成被动语态，故使用一般现在时的被动语态，动名词作主语，谓语应用第三人称单数。故填is considered。 34. 考查冠词。句意：这项活动可能会很累，那些刚开始徒步旅行的人可能会担心他们的身体无法完成旅行。此处特指hiking这项活动，使用定冠词，首字母应大写。故填The。 35. 考查副词。句意：这项活动可能会很累，那些刚开始徒步旅行的人可能会担心他们的身体无法完成旅程。空处修饰形容词able，应用副词physically表示“身体上”，作状语。故填physically。 36. 考查非谓语动词。句意：有时，人们去看医生，确保选择艰难的徒步是安全的，这是有帮助的。此处it作形式主语，应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to go。 37. 考查it作形式主语。句意：同上。make sure后是省略that的宾语从句，此处to choose a difficult hike为真正的主语，应用it作形式主语。故填it。 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 38. （23-24高二下·天津·期末）假设你是中学生李津，你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请你以经历过的一次困难或考验为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1. 经历的困难或考验； 2. 解决办法或途径； 3. 收获和感受。 注意： 1. 词数不少于100； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 参考词汇：trail足迹 Trails of Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Trails of Life The trails of life are of great importance in our growth. Only by confronting difficulties in our life can we become strong and mature. I would never forget the tough period after I entered senior high school. It was the first time that I had lived away from my home, and I found it difficult to follow a fast-paced schedule in high school. I was frustrated, feeling stressed and hopeless. Instead of giving up, I managed to cheer up and confronted the hardship with perseverance and courage. The difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life. As the saying goes, “No cross, no crown. ” The trails of life actually serve ad a stepping-stone to a brilliant future! 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】个人经历、迎接挑战 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校正在组织英语作文比赛，请考生按照要求以经历过的一次困难或考验为题，写一篇短文参赛。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 重要：importance→ significance 沮丧的：frustrated→discouraged 有压力的，焦虑的：stressed→anxious 遇见：come across→encounter 2. 句式拓展 改强调句型 原句：The trails of life are of great importance in our growth. 拓展句：It is the trails of life that are of great importance in our growth. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Only by confronting difficulties in our life can we become strong and mature. (only+状语位于句首，句子用部分倒装) 【高分句型2】It was the first time that I had lived away from my home, and I found it difficult to follow a fast-paced schedule in high school. (运用固定句型“it be the+序数词+time+that从句”) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第二部分 弯道超车 选择性必修第三册 2025高二寒假作业 每天80分钟 答案解析版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. adversity n. 困境；逆境 2. expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队 3. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力 4. cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜 5. steward n. (轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员 6. crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n. 拥挤的人群 7. stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具 8. banjo n. 班卓琴(乐器) 9. voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行 10. navy n. 海军；海军部队 11. decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 12. cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的 13. crew n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人 14. rugby n. 橄榄球运动 15. corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的 16. navigator n. 领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 17. episode n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 18. motive n. 动机；原因；目的 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. wage n. 工资 2. bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 3. vigour(NAmE vigor) n. 精力；力量；活力 4. sink vi. (sank/sunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没 5. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 6. blanket n. 毯子 7. miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的 8. good/bad-tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的 9. genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 10. thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的 11. furniture n. 家具 12. bark vi. & n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问 13. bat n. 球拍；蝙蝠 vi. & vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打 14. damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的 15. recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏 16. nephew n. 侄子；外甥 17. rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 18. motor n. 发动机；马达 adj. 有引擎的；机动车的 19. candidate n. 候选人；应试者 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify v. (使)具有资格；(使)合格→qualification n. 资格；资历；资格证书 2. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv. 热情地→enthusiasm n. 热情；热忱 3. aboard adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board v. 上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n. 木板；董事会；伙食 4. assign vt. 分派；布置；分配→assignment n. 任务；作业；分配 5. envy n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌→envious adj. 忌妒的；羡慕的 6. belongings n. [pl. ]财物；动产→belong vi. 属于；应在(某处) 7. selfish adj. 自私的→selfishly adv. 自私地→selfishness n. 自私 8. perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求 9. resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n. 决心；坚定的信念→resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定；决心 10. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv. 残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n. 残忍；残酷 11. unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地→fortunately (反) adv. 幸运地→fortune n. 运气；财产→fortunate adj. 幸运的 12. guidance n. 指导；引导；导航→guide n. 导游；指南 vt. 带领；引导；为……领路 13. advertising n. 广告活动；广告业→advertise vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n. 广告；宣传 14. loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实 15. commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献→commit vt. 犯(错误、罪行等) vi. & vt. (使)承担义务；(使)作出保证→committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. turn sb down拒绝(某人) 2. make fire生火 3. give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) 4. dream of/about梦想 5. at the age of在……岁时 6. be enthusiastic about对……充满热情 7. become/be stuck in陷于 8. throw away扔掉 9. manage to do sth 设法做成某事 10. go from bad to worse每况愈下 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries. (全部倒装) 以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记摘录。 2. Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats，our food，the cook stove，candles，clothes，and blankets. (before引导的时间状语从句) 在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把我们召集在一起，告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品——小船、食物、炉子、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。 3. How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees！(as... as... ) 我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！ 4. It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere. (as long as “只要”) 只要你坚持，最终就会成功。 5. If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve. (if引导的虚拟条件句) 要是没有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。 晨检得分 _______/_______ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1. adversity n. 困境；逆境 2. expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队 3. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力 4. motive n. 动机；原因；目的 5. steward n. (轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员 6. crew n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人 7. cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的 8. voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行 9. episode n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 10. decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 1. bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 2. sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没 3. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 4. rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 5. miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的 6. genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 7. candidate n. 候选人；应试者 8. thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的 9. bark vi. & n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问 10. bat n. 球拍；蝙蝠 vi. & vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1. aboard adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board v. 上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n. 木板；董事会；伙食 2. envy n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌→envious adj. 忌妒的；羡慕的 3. selfish adj. 自私的→selfishly adv. 自私地→selfishness n. 自私 4. advertising n. 广告活动；广告业→advertise vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n. 广告；宣传 5. loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实 Ⅳ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1. go from bad to worse每况愈下 2. make fire生火 3. manage to do sth设法做成某事 4. at the age of在……岁时 5. be enthusiastic about对……充满热情 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1. The woman is always so enthusiastic about her career that many people are affected by her enthusiasm. (enthusiastic) 2. It feels terrible to be treated cruelly，but the sad truth is that the cruelty is generally ignored by others. (cruel) 3. Instead of resolving to lose weight，try a practical resolution：“I’ll stop having dessert for lunch. ”(resolve) 4. Fortunately，he was fortunate enough to receive a large fortune from his uncle but unfortunately，his mother fell ill. (fortune) 5. He committed himself to working day and night and his commitment won him a great reputation. (commit) 6. He persevered with his violin lessons. It was his perseverance that enabled him to become a distinguished violinist. (persevere) 7. He has educational qualifications and hence he is well qualified for the job as a tutor. (qualify) 8. Unfortunately，all his belongings have been stolen，so nothing belongs to him. (belong) 9. Under the guidance of the qualified guide，we traveled around the places of interest very happily. (guide) 10. He assigned me to the difficult assignment，so I couldn’t waste any time. (assign) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1. What is known to us all is that not giving off waste gas is an advantage of riding bicycles. 2. His positive attitude inspired many people who were stuck in illness. 3. People are recycling many things that were thrown away in the past. 4. The young man was turned down by the company，which was beyond our wild expectations. 5. My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分) 1. 以下是一些你渴望了解的相关信息，这对你的汉语学习可能有很大的帮助。(全部倒装) Below is some relevant information you desire to know，which can be of great benefit to your Chinese learning. 2. 我们必须给花浇足够的水，这是很有必要的。(as... as... ) We must give flowers as much water as they need，which is very necessary. 3. 做最终决定前，我将询问您的建议。(before引导的时间状语从句) Before I make a final decision，I will ask you for your advice. 4. 只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京上大学期间拥有最难忘的经历。(as long as) As long as you take my advice，you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing. 5. 如果我是你，我肯定会充分利用时间来提高我的学业成绩。(if引导的虚拟条件句) If I were you，I would certainly make full use of the time to improve my academic performance. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与社会之爱尔兰的几种受欢迎的户外运动 议论文 387 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之压力和挑战形成的原因 议论文 426 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之做具有挑战性的事情的好处 说明文 323 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之一名残疾人一次探险风格的游轮经历 记叙文 501 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之徒步旅行是一种冒险旅游 说明文 197 适中(0. 65) 应用文写作 写一篇短文参赛 学校正在组织英语作文比赛，以经历过的一次困难或考验为题， 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25高二上·河南商丘·期中）Price and comfort are among the factors, but it is chilly Atlantic mists and gray skies that make pubs in Ireland popular. But those who prize challenge over comfort will find outdoor travel adventures year-round in every corner of the country. Surfing Ireland has gained a name for fascinating waves. Taste the fun at Inchydoney Surf School. The school owner Colum McAuley once said, “When the waves break, they roll in for a long distance so you have a lot of time to get to your feet. ” For safety reasons, group and private lessons are offered and wetsuits and all equipment are provided. Call to book lessons. For more information, visit Inchydoneysurfschool. com (+3530868695396). Rock Climbing Ireland’s mountains have long attracted wanderers. The scaling tradition has led to rock climbing. Vertigo Outdoor in County Wicklow offers lessons for beginners and those learning to lead. Sites are mainly in Dublin and Wicklow, but clients can go farther. For more information, call or fill out a booking form online at vertigooutdoor. com (+3530879971242). Skiing If you’re in the market for a beginner’s lesson on skiing, the Ski Club of Ireland is a different, low- key place to try one. Located in south Dublin and accessible by city bus, the Ski Club is a not-for- profit organization devoted to promoting skiing and snowboarding. Inexperienced skiers and snowboarders can contact classes at Skiclub. ie (+353 01 295 5658). Kitesurfing Kitesurfing can accurately be called an extreme sport. Beginners can start at Sky High in Tramore. Lessons cover theory and practice with small, controlled kites. Lessons run year-round, but must occasionally be rescheduled if winds are either too strong or nonexistent. Call or complete an online inquiry(询问)form for more information at Skyhigh. ie (+353 087 790 7480). 1. What is the key reason that makes pubs in Ireland well-received? A. Price. B. Location. C. Weather. D. Comfort. 2. What should visitors do to obtain more details about climbing? A. Call 353 086 869 5396. B. Visit the website. C. Send an email inquiry. D. Read online reviews. 3. What do the four activities have in common? A. Necessary courses are offered. B. They are available year-round. C. Coaches are with you all the way. D. Free sports equipment is provided. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】闲暇活动 、应用文、探险旅行 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了爱尔兰的户外运动，列出了几种受欢迎的运动，包括冲浪、攀岩、滑雪和风筝冲浪，并提供了相关的信息以及适合初学者的课程和联系方式。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Price and comfort are among the factors, but it is chilly Atlantic mists and gray skies that make pubs in Ireland popular. (价格和舒适度是其中的因素，但正是寒冷的大西洋薄雾和灰色的天空让爱尔兰的酒吧很受欢迎。)”可知，爱尔兰的酒吧很受欢迎是因为寒冷的大西洋薄雾和灰色的天空，即天气。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据Rock Climbing下的“For more information, call or fill out a booking form online at vertigooutdoor. com (+3530879971242). (如需了解更多信息，请致电vertigooutdoor. com（+3530879971242）或在线填写预订表格。)”可知，游客要获取更多有关攀岩的详细信息可以去访问网站。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据Surfing下的“For safety reasons, group and private lessons are offered and wetsuits and all equipment are provided. (出于安全原因，提供团体和私人课程，并提供潜水衣和所有设备。)”，Rock Climbing下的“Vertigo Outdoor in County Wicklow offers lessons for beginners and those learning to lead. (威克洛郡的Vertigo Outdoor为初学者和学习领导的人提供课程。)”，Skiing下的“If you’re in the market for a beginner’s lesson on skiing, the Ski Club of Ireland is a different, low- key place to try one. (如果你在市场上参加滑雪初学者课程，爱尔兰滑雪俱乐部是一个不同的、低调的地方可以尝试。)”，Kitesurfing下的“Lessons cover theory and practice with small, controlled kites. (课程涵盖理论和实践，使用小型受控风筝。)”可知，每个活动均提供了必要的课程。故选A项。 B （24-25高二上·四川雅安·阶段练习）Life can be overwhelming (令人不知所措的), and you’re not alone if you’re struggling. 65% of adults in the United States reported feeling stressed due to current circumstances. This means two-thirds of adults are uncertain about their lives and futures. You may wonder why everything feels so hard. Perhaps you’re comparing yourself to others who don’t seem to be experiencing the same level of stress. However, everyone’s journey is different. Your peers may be facing challenges privately or might be in a different stage of life. It’s best to focus on your own progress rather than comparing yourself to others. Personal challenges also impact how hard life feels. Family issues such as problematic relationships can lead to feelings of loneliness, shame, and jealousy (嫉妒) when you see others with strong familial support. Interpersonal issues such as navigating a break-up or losing a loved one can also make life feel harder. Feeling socially isolated can contribute to a sense of loneliness, which can badly affect health, leading to poor sleep and other issues. Psychological and physical pain further complicates life’s challenges. It’s essential to acknowledge how society factors contribute to these feelings. We’re facing economic disorder, which can be traumatic and make life feel more difficult, Licensed therapist (心理治疗师) Alegria Louise Demeestere emphasizes the importance of looking at systemic causes rather than blaming individuals. Understanding why life feels hard is the first step. When feeling this way, it’s common to feel angry or upset. “Your feeling is trying to tell you something,” says Demeestere. Being curious about your feeling can prevent you from taking it out on others or numbing it through addictions. Facing the feeling directly can use its energy to push you forward past difficulties. 4. Why should we focus on our own progress? A. It is the key to success. B. It helps to reduce anxiety completely. C. Everyone’s journey is different. D. Everyone’s demand is uneven. 5. What can cause feelings of loneliness, shame and jealousy? A. Family matters. B. Interpersonal issues. C. Psychological pain. D. Economic disorder. 6. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “traumatic” in paragraph 4? A. Painful. B. Unexpected. C. Cheerful. D. Memorable. 7. What is mainly emphasized in the last paragraph? A. Living a creative life. B. Looking at systemic causes. C. Seeking out extra support. D. Understanding why life feels hard. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】议论文、认识压力、迎接挑战 【导语】本文为一篇议论文，主要讨论了压力和挑战形成的原因以及应对这些感受的策略。 4. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, everyone’s journey is different. Your peers may be facing challenges privately or might be in a different stage of life. It’s best to focus on your own progress rather than comparing yourself to others. (然而，每个人的旅程都是不同的。你的同龄人可能私下面临挑战，或者可能处于不同的人生阶段。最好关注自己的进步，而不是拿自己和别人比较)”可知，我们应该专注于自己的进步，因为每个人的旅程都是不同的。故选C。 5. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Family issues such as problematic relationships can lead to feelings of loneliness, shame, and jealousy (嫉妒) when you see others with strong familial support. (家庭问题，比如有问题的人际关系，当你看到其他人有强大的家庭支持时，会导致孤独、羞耻和嫉妒的感觉)”可知，家庭问题会导致孤独、羞耻和嫉妒的感受。故选A。 6. 词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“We’re facing economic disorder(我们正面临经济混乱)”及后文“make life feel more difficult(让生活变得更加困难)”可知，面临经济混乱是痛苦的，会让生活变得更加困难，划线词与painful意思相近，意为“痛苦的”。故选A。 7. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Understanding why life feels hard is the first step. (理解为什么生活如此艰难是第一步)”及全段内容可知，文章最后一段强调了“理解为什么生活如此艰难”是第一步，然后人们才能直面这种感觉。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高二上·河南·阶段练习）Doing something challenging takes courage, commitment and willpower. 8 ! Whether it’s finding your dream job, learning a new skill or starting a new wellness routine, you’ll grow and learn along the way. So, step outside of your comfort zone and face the challenge. You’ll learn lessons that can transform your life. It builds your resilience (适应力). When you face something difficult, you can build your resilience. Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that you’re born with. 9 The key: set small, attainable goals that push you a little outside of your comfort zone but still within reach. You’ll gradually see progress and maintain motivation as you work toward self-improvement. 10 . You may not realize how incredible you are until you overcome something difficult. Dealing with a challenge shows your strengths, maybe some you didn’t even know that you had! This self-awareness helps develop a sense of purpose. It also helps improve performance and leads to better decision-making. It teaches you self-confidence. Completing a challenge shows you do have the capability to succeed. In other words, when things get difficult, you have the strength to continue forward, giving you a newfound sense of self-worth. 11 . It helps you learn new skills. If you want to improve your fitness, you challenge your body to become stronger, right? 12 ! Challenging yourself helps you learn new skills that you improve over time with commitment and practice. So find a goal that you feel crazy about. You’ll expand your mind as you learn new information and experience new situations. A. But it’s well worth it B. It develops self-awareness C. It helps you manage stress D. You can also train yourself to become resilient E. That same approach applies to just about anything F. You’ll experience a bad meal in an unfamiliar place G. You’ll carry that confidence as you face future challenges 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. G 12. E 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】迎接挑战、方法/策略 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做具有挑战性的事情的好处。 8. 根据空前“Doing something challenging takes courage, commitment and willpower. (做一些具有挑战性的事情需要勇气，承诺和意志力)”及空后“Whether it’s finding your dream job, learning a new skill or starting a new wellness routine, you’ll grow and learn along the way. (无论是找到你梦想中的工作，学习一项新技能，还是开始一项新的健康计划，你都会在这个过程中成长和学习)”可知，上文指出做一些具有挑战性的事情的困难之处，下文提到这样做的好处。由此推知，虽然做一些具有挑战性的事情有困难，但是它是值得的，会带来好处，A项“但是这很值得”符合语境。故选A。 9. 根据空前“Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that you’re bon with. (适应力不只是你与生俱来的一种固定品质)”及空后“The key: set small, attainable goals that push you a little outside of your comfort zone but still within reach. (关键是：设定小的、可实现的目标，让你稍微走出舒适区，但仍在力所能及的范围内)”可知，上文指出适应力不是与生俱来的，下文提出具体的练习方法。由此推知，空处是说适应力是可以通过练习培养出来的，D项“你也可通过训练让自己有适应力”符合语境。故选D。 10. 根据下文“You may not realize how  incredible you are until you overcome something difficult. Dealing with a  challenge shows your strengths, maybe some you didn’t even know that  you had! This self-awareness helps develop a sense of purpose. It also  helps improve performance and leads to better decision-making. (直到你克服了困难，你才会意识到自己是多么的不可思议。应对挑战能显示出你的优势，也许有些是你自己都不知道的！这种自我意识有助于培养目标感。它还有助于提高绩效并导致更好的决策)”可知，本段是关于自我意识，B项“培养自我意识”适合作本段小标题。故选B。 11. 根据本段小标题“It teaches you self-confidence. (它教会你自信)”及空前“In other words, when things get difficult, you have the strength to continue forward, giving you a newfound sense of self-worth. (换句话说，当事情变得困难时，你有继续前进的力量，给你一种新的自我价值感)”可知，完成挑战会给你带来自信，G项“你会带着这种信心去面对未来的挑战”承接上文，符合语境，G项中“that confidence”呼应小标题中“self-confidence”，故选G。 12. 根据空前“If you want to improve your fitness, you challenge your body to become stronger, right?(如果你想改善你的健康状况，你挑战你的身体让它变得更强壮，对吗？)”及空后“Challenging yourself helps you learn new skills that you improve over time with commitment and practice. (挑战自己可以帮助你学习新的技能，随着时间的推移，你可以通过承诺和实践来提高这些技能)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，由挑战身体变得更加健康过渡到挑战自身学习新技能，E项“同样的方法几乎适用于任何事情”符合语境。故选E。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高二上·吉林长春·阶段练习）Living with a disability presents a lot of difficulties. Therefore, I have always avoided cruises (游轮). However, this expedition (探险)-style small-ship cruise changed my mind. When our expedition leader 13 we would make a Zodiac (卓迪船), 14 at Jan Mayen, a tiny island in the Arctic Ocean, I stepped out onto my balcony aboard our ship, 15 to find clear skies and calm seas. 16 , I was met with a gust of wet wind and a view of mist- covered mountains in the distance. Jan Mayen wasn’t on our itinerary (行程), and due to its 17 location and often unpredictable weather, very few people ever 18 the island. I knew the conditions weren’t 19 , but I wasn’t going to let that stop me. In fact, the possibility of 20 adventures was one of the reasons I chose this small-ship cruise. So I 21 joined my shipmates in the mud room, where we put on waterproof clothes and life jackets before getting on the Zodiacs for a bumpy (颠簸的) 22 to a black-sand beach. Even the fierce wind and rain couldn’t 23 our excitement as we 24 our way to the beach and hiked to a viewpoint, pausing to photograph the adorable purple flowers 25 the grey volcanic rocks. Our visit there wasn’t about what we could do or see. It was an opportunity to just be — to exist in a brief 26 on a tiny, often inaccessible, volcanic rock in the Arctic. And that’s something I never thought I’d 27 in my lifetime. 13. A. explained B. predicted C. revealed D. announced 14. A. living B. return C. landing D. mark 15. A. failing B. choosing C. struggling D. hoping 16. A. Instead B. Finally C. Thus D. Otherwise 17. A. superb B. remote C. favorable D. central 18. A. set foot on . B. had a command of C. kept track of D. gained control of 19. A. rewarding B. unique C. natural D. perfect 20. A. unwanted B. unsecured C. unplanned D. unapproved 21. A. mistakenly B. happily C. routinely D. nervously 22. A. walk B. flight C. ride D. path 23. A. hide B. reduce C. convey D. fuel 24. A. made B. lost C. fought D. felt 25. A. in response to B. in view of C. in contrast to D. in defense of 26. A. moment B. experiment C. glance D. ceremony 27. A. value B. admit C. miss D. experience 【答案】 13. D 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】夹叙夹议、探险旅行 【导语】这是一篇夹议夹叙的文章。讲述作者作为一名残疾人，原本因为生活中的种种困难而避免参与游轮旅行，但一次探险风格的游轮经历彻底改变了他的看法。这次经历不仅让作者体验到了前所未有的兴奋和冒险，还让他意识到，生活中的许多美好和珍贵时刻往往来自于那些未曾预料到的、短暂的、却意义深远的经历。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的探险领队宣布我们将在卓迪船上登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛——Jan Mayen时，我走出船舱，来到阳台上，希望能看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面。A. explained解释；B. predicted预测；C. revealed揭露；D. announced宣布。根据空前“our expedition leader”以及“we would make a Zodiac (卓迪船) ____2____ at Jan Mayen, a tiny island in the Arctic Ocean”可知，领队是在告知大家接下来的行程，即探险领队宣布我们将在卓迪船上登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛。故选D。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的探险领队宣布我们将在卓迪船上登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛——Jan Mayen时，我走出船舱，来到阳台上，希望能看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面。A. living居住；B. return返回；C. landing登陆；D. mark标记。根据下文“I stepped out onto my balcony aboard our ship”可知，作者走出船舱，是因为探险队长宣布登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛。故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的探险领队宣布我们将在卓迪船上登陆位于北冰洋的一个小岛——Jan Mayen时，我走出船舱，来到阳台上，希望能看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面。A. failing失败；B. choosing选择；C. struggling挣扎；D. hoping希望。根据上文“When our expedition leader ____1____ we would make a Zodiac (卓迪船) ____2____ at Jan Mayen, a tiny island in the Arctic Ocean, I stepped out onto my balcony aboard our ship”可知，当描述的是主人公走出船舱后的期待心情。根据语境，“hoping”最符合，表示主人公希望看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面。故选D。 16. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我却迎面遇上了一股湿冷的风，远处是雾气缭绕的山峦。A. Instead相反；B. Finally最终；C. Thus因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“find clear skies and calm seas”以及空后“I was met with a gust of wet wind and a view of mist-covered mountains in the distance”可知，作者希望看到晴朗的天空和平静的海面，但正相反，他遇到了一阵湿冷的风和远处被雾覆盖的山景。故选A。 17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jan Mayen并不在我们的行程上，而且由于其位置偏远以及天气常常难以预料，很少有人踏足这个岛屿。A. superb卓越的；B. remote 偏远的；C. favorable有利的；D. central中心的。根据上文“Jan Mayen wasn’t on our itinerary” 和下文“often unpredictable weather, very few people ever ____6____ the island”可知，这座岛不在行程中，且很少有人踏上这个小岛，是因为其偏远的位置和常常不可预测的天气。故选B。 18. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Jan Mayen并不在我们的行程上，而且由于其位置偏远以及天气常常难以预料，很少有人踏足这个岛屿。A. set foot on踏上；B. had a command of精通；C. kept track of记录；D. gained control of控制。根据上文“and due to its ____5____ location and often unpredictable weather”可知，Jan Mayen小岛位置偏远，天气常常不可预测，所以很少有人能踏上这个岛屿。故选A。 19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道条件并不理想，但我不会让那阻止我。A. rewarding有回报的；B. unique独一无二的；C. natural自然的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文“I was met with a gust of wet wind and a view of mist-covered mountains in the distance”可知，由于现在的天气不好，所以登岛的条件并不理想。故选D。 20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，计划外冒险的可能性是我选择这艘小船航行的原因之一。A. unwanted不需要的；B. unsecured无担保的；C. unplanned未计划的；D. unapproved未经许可的。根据上文“Jan Mayen wasn’t on our itinerary”可知，探险队的队长临时决定登录北极洋的一个小岛，所以正是作者选择这艘小船航行的原因之一，即未被计划的冒险。故选C。 21. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我高兴地加入了船友，在泥泞的房间里，我们穿上防水衣和救生衣，然后坐上卓迪船，开始了一段颠簸的旅程，前往一个黑沙滩。A. mistakenly错误地；B. happily开心地；C. routinely常规地；D. nervously紧张地。根据上文“In fact, the possibility of ____8____ adventures was one of the reasons I chose this small-ship cruise. ”可知，作者选择这趟小型游轮旅行的原因之一就是可能发生的没有计划的冒险，所以作者非常快乐地和船员们呆在一起。故选B。 22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我高兴地加入了船友，在泥泞的房间里，我们穿上防水衣和救生衣，然后坐上卓迪船，开始了一段颠簸的旅程，前往一个黑沙滩。A. walk步行；B. flight飞行；C. ride旅行；D. path路径。根据空前“getting on the Zodiacs for a bumpy”可知，此处指作者乘坐船登上黑沙滩。选项中 ride “旅行”，可以指代前往黑沙滩的旅程。故选C。 23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使狂风暴雨也无法减少我们的兴奋之情，我们一路走向海滩，然后徒步到一个观景点，停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵。A. hide隐藏；B. reduce减少；C. convey传达；D. fuel加油，加剧。根据空前的“Even the fierce wind and rain couldn’t”以及空后的“our excitement”和后文“and hiked to a viewpoint, pausing to photograph the adorable purple flowers ”可知他们徒步到一个观景点，停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵，因此恶劣的天气阻止不了作者他们到达黑沙滩的兴奋。故选B。 24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使狂风暴雨也无法减少我们的兴奋之情，我们一路走向海滩，然后徒步到一个观景点，停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵。A. made赶往；B. lost丢失；C. fought战斗，努力争取；D. felt感觉 。根据后文“hiked to a viewpoint, pausing to photograph the adorable purple flowers”，结合and可知，要选择一个动词和我们停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵构成顺承的动作，“make one’s way”为固定短语，意为“前进……”。故选A。 25. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：即使狂风暴雨也无法减少我们的兴奋之情，我们一路走向海滩，然后徒步到一个观景点，停下来拍摄那些生长在灰色火山岩上的可爱紫色花朵。A. in response to 响应；B. in view of 鉴于；C. in contrast to 与……对比；D. in defense of 为……辩护。根据空前的“adorable purple flowers . ”以及空后的“the grey volcanic rocks”可知，此处指拍摄那些小巧的紫色花朵时，特别注意到了它们与周围火山岩的鲜明对比。故选C。 26. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的到访并不是为了能做些什么或看到什么。这是一个仅仅为了存在的机会——在北极一个微小、往往难以到达的火山岩上，短暂地停留。A. moment时刻；B. experiment实验；C. glance一瞥；D. ceremony仪式。根据上文“Our visit there wasn’t about what we could do or see. ”和空前的 brief 可知，作者觉得这次旅行的意义在于他们在登上常人难以到达的北极火山岩上宝贵而短暂的时刻。故选A。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中从未想过会体验到的事情。A. value重视；B. admit承认；C. miss想念、错过；D. experience体验。根据上文“Living with a disability presents a lot of difficulties. Therefore, I have always avoided cruises(游轮)”可知，作为残疾人，作者从未想过乘坐游轮去探险，所以登上常人难以到达的北极火山岩上时是他从未想到会体验的事情。故选D。 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高二上·江西宜春·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hiking tours are a kind of adventure tourism. Generally speaking, these vacations focus almost entirely 28 hiking from one place to another. Hiking tours can be regarded as a group activity or alone. There are many different ways of organizing hiking tours. Some people like to go out into the areas where there are very few people and travel over a long 29 (distant) from one place to another. They usually stay in hotels overnight before 30 (travel) to the next place on the following day. Guides can make hiking trips 31 (safe) and more focused. Some hikers prefer to take hiking tours without guides because of costs or because they want to challenge 32 (they). However, employing a reliable guide during a hiking tour 33 (consider) as a better choice for less experienced hikers. 34 activity can be very tiring, and those who are new to hiking may worry that they aren’t 35 (physical) able to finish the tours. Sometimes it can be helpful for people 36 (go) to the doctor and make sure 37 is safe for them to choose a difficult hike. Sometimes, a challenging hike can be deadly for someone having heart disease. 【答案】 28. on/upon 29. distance 30. travelling/traveling 31. safer 32. themselves 33. is considered 34. The 35. physically 36. to go 37. it 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】探险旅行 【导语】这是一篇说明文。徒步旅行是一种冒险旅游，文章对这项运动进行了介绍并提出了注意事项。 28. 考查介词。句意：一般来说，这些假期几乎完全集中在徒步旅行从一个地方到另一个地方。focus on/upon意为“集中于”，为固定搭配。故填on/upon。 29. 考查名词。句意：有些人喜欢到人迹罕至的地方，从一个地方到另一个地方进行长途旅行。在介词over后应用名词单数distance表示“距离”作宾语，此处distance为可数名词。故填distance。 30. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们通常在酒店过夜，第二天再前往下一个地方。在介词before后应用动名词作宾语。故填travelling/traveling。 31. 考查形容词比较级。句意：导游可以让徒步旅行更安全，更专注。根据more focused可知，此处应用形容词safe的比较级作宾语补足语。故填safer。 32. 考查代词。句意：一些徒步旅行者更喜欢参加没有导游的徒步旅行，因为成本问题，或者因为他们想挑战自己。此处宾语和主语指代相同，所以应用反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。 33. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，对于缺乏经验的徒步旅行者来说，在徒步旅行中雇佣可靠的向导是一个更好的选择。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时，动词consider意为“认为”，和主语构成被动语态，故使用一般现在时的被动语态，动名词作主语，谓语应用第三人称单数。故填is considered。 34. 考查冠词。句意：这项活动可能会很累，那些刚开始徒步旅行的人可能会担心他们的身体无法完成旅行。此处特指hiking这项活动，使用定冠词，首字母应大写。故填The。 35. 考查副词。句意：这项活动可能会很累，那些刚开始徒步旅行的人可能会担心他们的身体无法完成旅程。空处修饰形容词able，应用副词physically表示“身体上”，作状语。故填physically。 36. 考查非谓语动词。句意：有时，人们去看医生，确保选择艰难的徒步是安全的，这是有帮助的。此处it作形式主语，应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to go。 37. 考查it作形式主语。句意：同上。make sure后是省略that的宾语从句，此处to choose a difficult hike为真正的主语，应用it作形式主语。故填it。 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 38. （23-24高二下·天津·期末）假设你是中学生李津，你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请你以经历过的一次困难或考验为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1. 经历的困难或考验； 2. 解决办法或途径； 3. 收获和感受。 注意： 1. 词数不少于100； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 参考词汇：trail足迹 Trails of Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Trails of Life The trails of life are of great importance in our growth. Only by confronting difficulties in our life can we become strong and mature. I would never forget the tough period after I entered senior high school. It was the first time that I had lived away from my home, and I found it difficult to follow a fast-paced schedule in high school. I was frustrated, feeling stressed and hopeless. Instead of giving up, I managed to cheer up and confronted the hardship with perseverance and courage. The difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life. As the saying goes, “No cross, no crown. ” The trails of life actually serve ad a stepping-stone to a brilliant future! 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】个人经历、迎接挑战 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校正在组织英语作文比赛，请考生按照要求以经历过的一次困难或考验为题，写一篇短文参赛。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 重要：importance→ significance 沮丧的：frustrated→discouraged 有压力的，焦虑的：stressed→anxious 遇见：come across→encounter 2. 句式拓展 改强调句型 原句：The trails of life are of great importance in our growth. 拓展句：It is the trails of life that are of great importance in our growth. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Only by confronting difficulties in our life can we become strong and mature. (only+状语位于句首，句子用部分倒装) 【高分句型2】It was the first time that I had lived away from my home, and I found it difficult to follow a fast-paced schedule in high school. (运用固定句型“it be the+序数词+time+that从句”) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$