13. 2025年高二英语寒假作业 单词复习+习题精做 每天80分钟 选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 学习测试版+答案解析版

第二部分 弯道超车 选择性必修第三册 2025高二寒假作业 每天80分钟 学习测试版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 3 Environmental Protection Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. graph n. 图；图表；曲线图 2. emission n. 排放物；散发物；排放 3. seal n. 海豹 4. methane n. 甲烷；沼气 5. dioxide n. 二氧化物 6. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 7. habitable adj. 适合居住的 8. fossil n. 化石 9. fossil fuel化石燃料(如煤或石油) 10. worldwide adv. 遍及全球地 adj. 世界各地的；影响全世界的 11. footprint n. 足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积 12. basin n. 流域；盆地；盆 13. penguin n. 企鹅 14. implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行 15. moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的 vi. & vt. 缓和；使适中 16. tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的 17. nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的 18. jungle n. (热带)丛林；密林 19. smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物) 20. originate vi. & vt. 起源；发源；创立 21. volume n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷 22. enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业 23. regulation n. 章程；规章制度 24. disposal n. 去掉；清除；处理 25. waterway n. 水道；航道 26. agenda n. 议程表；议事日程 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. melt vi. & vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化 2. ecology n. 生态；生态学 3. release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布 4. carbon n. 碳 5. fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行 vt. 加强；刺激 6. comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的 7. trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向 8. broadcast vt. & vi. (broadcast，broadcast)播送；广播；传播 n. 广播节目；电视节目 9. policy n. 政策；方针；原则 10. seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 11. reform vt. & vi. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良 12. undergo vt. (underwent，undergone)经历；经受(变化、不快等) 13. annual adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴 14. chaos n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱 15. garbage n. 垃圾；废物 16. restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 17. dozen n. (一)打；十二个 18. fine vt. 对……处以罚款 19. campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n. 饥饿；饿死 2. sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的 3. frequently adv. 频繁地；经常→frequent adj. 频繁的→frequency n. 频繁；频率 4. restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive adj. 限制性的；约束性的 5. harmonious adj. 和谐的→harmony n. 和谐→harmoniously adv. 和谐地 6. submit vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服→submission n. 提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服 7. sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的→sensible adj. 明智的；合理的→sense n. 意义；感官 vt. 感觉到；察觉到 8. conservation n. (对环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的→conserve v. 保护；保存；节省；节约 9. inspection n. 检查；查看；视察→inspect vt. 检查；视察；检阅→inspector n. 检察员；督察员 10. tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n. 容忍 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 2. dozens of 许多；很多 3. have an impact on对……有影响 4. lead to导致 5. cause damage to对……造成损害 6. take measures采取措施 7. deal with处理 8. a number of许多 9. carry out履行；执行 10. in effect在实施中；实际上 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph). (There is little doubt that... 毫无疑问……) 毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。 2. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. (过去分词短语作后置定语) 专家声称，气候变化导致的海冰面降低意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕食海豹，因此它不得不走更远的距离去寻找食物。 3. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. (that引导的同位语从句) “天然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气层，使地表变暖。 4. Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. (含蓄虚拟条件句) 如果没有这个过程，地球就无法维系生命。 5. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly. (when引导的时间状语从句) 当人类由于燃烧化石燃料产生了大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气层中，导致地表温度迅速上升。 晨检得分 _______/_______ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1. moderate adj. _________________ vi. & vt. _________________ 2. emission n. _________________ 3. disposal n. _________________ 4. agenda n. _________________ 5. habitable adj. _________________ 6. fossil n. _________________ 7. worldwide adv. _________________ adj. _________________ 8. footprint n. _________________ 9. tropical adj. _________________ 10. originate vi. & vt. _________________ Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 1. _________________ vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 2. _________________ vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布 3. _________________ vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等) 4. _________________ n. 燃料；刺激性言行 vt. 加强；刺激 5. _________________ vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 6. _________________ n. 趋势；趋向；动向 7. _________________ vt. & vi. 播送；广播；传播 n. 广播节目；电视节目 8. _________________ n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动 9. _________________ adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴 10. _________________ vt. & vi. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1. _________________ vi. & vt. (使)挨饿；饿死→_________________ n. 饥饿；饿死 2. _________________ vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→_________________ adj. 可持续的；合理利用的 3. _________________ vt. 限制；限定；束缚→_________________ n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束→_________________ adj. 限制性的；约束性的 4. _________________ n. 检查；查看；视察→_________________ vt. 检查；视察；检阅→_________________ n. 检察员；督察员 5. _________________ n. (对环境、文物等)保护；保持→_________________ adj. 保守的；守旧的→_________________ v. 保护；保存；节省；节约 Ⅳ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1. _________________ 代表(代替)某人 2. have an impact on_________________ 3. _________________对……造成损害 4. in effect_________________ 5. _________________许多 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1. As is known to us all，a _________________ society means that human beings can live in _________________ with each other. (harmony) 2. I _________________ that he was very _________________ to what others said and he couldn’t make _________________ choices. (sense) 3. I couldn’t _________________ your behavior any longer. That is，I couldn’t be _________________ of how you behaved and my _________________ was used up. (tolerate) 4. My sister used to come back from abroad at a low _________________，about which my mother feels annoyed. But now she comes back _________________. (frequent) 5. Have you _________________ your proposals？Do keep in mind that the final date for the _________________ is May 15. (submit) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1. As is known to us all，success lies in hard work while laziness _________________ failure. 2. _________________ to protect endangered animals is what we must do now. 3. The smart girl is accustomed to _________________ all kinds of people in her present occupation. 4. There has been a rapid decline in unemployment since the new policy _________________. 5. The hurricane blew away _________________ farming villages and brought down thousands of trees. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分) 1. 毫无疑问，人类被火星吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二个家园。 ________________________________________________ humankind is drawn towards Mars，with dreams of making it our second home. 2. 大多数被邀请参加会议的人都是我的老朋友。(过去分词短语作后置定语) Most of the people ________________________________________________ were my old friends. 3. 这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极其孤独的人，他们很容易成为行骗的目标。(that引导的同位语从句) This led Jones to the conclusion ________________________________________________，who are easy to be targets of cheating. 4. 没有强大的团队精神，我们就不会高效地完成我们的任务。(without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句) Without a strong teamwork spirit，we ________________________________________________ our tasks very efficiently. 5. 当我发现自己迷路时，我的心吓得开始狂跳。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)(when引导的时间状语从句) ________________________________________________，my heart started fluttering feverishly with fright. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与社会之3D打印技术在建筑行业的应用 议论文 447 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之城市采矿技术，尤其是生物浸出法的应用 记叙文 603 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之将用过的食用油倒入下水道会带来一系列问题 说明文 336 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之刘唐2016年偶然间在水族馆看到了珊瑚 记叙文 454 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之中国将建立世界上最大的国家公园体系 说明文 216 适中(0. 65) 应用文写作 倡议书， 介绍野生动物现状，呼吁同学们关爱保护野生动物 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25高二上·甘肃白银·期末）Building with 3D printing technology is sparking widespread interest in the construction industry. Besides reducing waste and our impact on the environment, it can speed up construction from weeks, or months, to days. Projects that use simple raw materials like soil, straw, and even salt, can be built in a fraction of the time and cost of traditional construction. Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible and, because the printers are mobile, they can be set up quickly where they are needed. Home design can be customized easily, giving architects more creative freedom. Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable. By using a range of simple, readily available or even waste materials like plastic in the mix, it then reduces the chance of materials being unavailable or too costly. Most construction uses conventional methods, but 3D printing is growing steadily. Community building takes on new meaning with the creation of a neighborhood of 10 3D printed homes in Tabasco, Mexico, aimed at tackling global homelessness. Families in the area live on less than $3 a day and New Story says its aim is to provide shelter for the more than one billion people without homes around the world. African island state Madagascar is hosting one of the world’s most forward-thinking school building projects. Non-profit Thinking Huts is using 3D printing technology to provide schools where children have little or no access to education. Schools are built using local materials and low carbon concrete in under a week. Beehive-inspired designs allow buildings to be easily expanded, and each school will include gardens built into the walls and solar panels on the roof for power. 1. What can replace the underlined word “fraction” in paragraph 1? A. Small part. B. New piece. C. Large amount. D. Complete waste. 2. What does the author think of 3D printed buildings compared with traditional ones? A. More classical. B. More complex. C. More expensive. D. More eco-friendly. 3. What is the purpose of the examples in the last two paragraphs? A. To show 3D printing is growing steadily. B. To show how to use 3D printing technology. C. To introduce where 3D printed buildings lie. D. To introduce more advantages of 3D printing. 4. Where can we read this text most likely? A. In a culture and art newspaper. B. On an athletic sports program. C. On a scientific research website. D. In a trade and marketing magazine. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. C 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】科学技术 、环境保护、说明文 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在建筑行业的应用，包括其优势（减少浪费、对环境影响小、加速建造、降低成本、使用多种材料、定制性强等）以及一些应用实例。 1. 词义猜测题。根据第一段“Besides reducing waste and our impact on the environment, it can speed up construction from weeks, or months, to days. ( 除了减少浪费和我们对环境的影响外，它还可以加快建筑速度从几周或几个月到几天)”以及“Projects that use simple raw materials like soil, straw, and even salt, can be built in a … of the time and cost of traditional construction. (使用土壤、稻草甚至盐等简单原材料的项目，可以在传统建筑所需时间和成本的……内建成)”可知，3D打印技术可以加快建筑速度从几周或几个月到几天，且使用土壤、稻草甚至盐等简单原材料，由此可推理出此处是指3D打印建筑技术比传统建筑技术所需时间和成本更少，所以“fraction”意思是“小部分”。故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible(使用工业3D建筑打印机逐层建造墙壁。尽可能减少建筑垃圾)”以及第三段“Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable. (公司使用回收产品和环保水泥来减少二氧化碳排放，使建筑更加可持续)”可知3D打印技术尽可能减少建筑垃圾，使建筑更加可持续，可推理出作者认为3D打印建筑比传统建筑更环保。故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Community building takes on new meaning with the creation of a neighborhood of 10 3D printed homes in Tabasco, Mexico, aimed at tackling global homelessness. Families in the area live on less than $3 a day and New Story says its aim is to provide shelter for the more than one billion people without homes around the world. (墨西哥塔巴斯科州的一个社区建造了10栋3D打印房屋，旨在解决全球无家可归问题。该地区的家庭每天收入不足3美元，New Story表示其目标是为全球超过十亿无家可归的人提供庇护所)”及第五段“African island state Madagascar is hosting one of the world’s most forward-thinking school building projects. Non-profit Thinking Huts is using 3D printing technology to provide schools where children have little or no access to education. Schools are built using local materials and low carbon concrete in under a week. Beehive-inspired designs allow buildings to be easily expanded, and each school will include gardens built into the walls and solar panels on the roof for power(非洲岛国马达加斯加正在承办世界上最具前瞻性的学校建设项目之一。非营利组织Thinking Huts利用3D打印技术，在儿童教育机会极少或根本没有的地区提供学校。这些学校的建设使用当地材料和低碳混凝土，不到一周就能建成。受蜂巢启发的设计使建筑易于扩展，每所学校都将包括嵌入墙壁的花园以及屋顶上的太阳能电池板以供电力)”可知，墨西哥塔巴斯科州的一个社区建造了10栋3D打印房屋，旨在解决全球无家可归问题。且非营利组织Thinking Huts利用3D打印技术，在儿童教育机会极少或根本没有的地区提供学校，由此可推理出后两段的目的是为了说明第三段结尾“ 3D printing is growing steadily. (3D打印建筑正在稳步增长)”的观点，故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Building with 3D printing technology is sparking widespread interest in the construction industry. (使用3D打印技术进行建筑正在建筑行业引起广泛关注)”、第二段“Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible(使用工业3D建筑打印机逐层建造墙壁。尽可能减少建筑垃圾)”以及第三段“Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable. (公司使用回收产品和环保水泥来减少二氧化碳排放，使建筑更加可持续)”可知，文章主要介绍了3D打印建筑的优势，可推理出这篇文章很可能来自一个科学研究的网站。故选C项。 B （24-25高二上·天津·期末）Gold mining has long been criticized for its environmental and economic challenges. It typically involves heavy machinery, poisonous chemicals, and vast amounts of water, all to extract (提取) minimal amounts of gold. For instance, processing a ton of ore (矿石) might produce as little as ten grams of gold. In contrast, urban mining, which recovers metals from electronic waste like printed circuit boards (PCBs), offers a significantly higher return. A ton of PCBs can produce over 150 grams of gold, along with other valuable metals like silver, copper, worth over $20, 000 per ton. Despite this, most electronic waste is not recycled properly. In 2022, the UN reported that only about 20% of the world’s 62 million tons of e-waste was formally recycled. Traditional methods for recycling PCBs, such as burning or using toxic (有毒的) chemicals, are highly polluting and energy-intensive, producing harmful emissions and toxic waste. To address these issues, scientists have turned to bioleaching (生物浸出), a cleaner and more sustainable alternative. Bioleaching uses bacteria, such as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (氧化亚铁硫杆菌) to produce chemicals that dissolve metals into a solution. This process, first discovered over2, 000 years ago, became commercialized in the 1950s for extracting metals from mining waste. Modern bioleaching takes place in controlled environments, whore bacteria work under ideal conditions to digest metals in just a few days. Those dissolved metals can then be recovered using methods like electroplating (电镀) . Bioscope Technologies, a company based in England, has developed an advanced bioleaching plant capable of processing 1, 000 tons of PCBs annually. The plant operates in a closed-loop (环) system where bacteria are reused, minimizing waste. Besides extracting precious metals like gold and silver, the company also recycles plastics and fiberglass from PCBs. However, they are still improving the process to better recover non-precious metals like tin and zinc. As urban mining techniques improve, it could become an even more efficient and eco-friendly solution to the growing e-waste crisis. 5. What is one major reason traditional gold mining is considered environmentally harmful? A. It destroys the ecosystems where it takes place. B. It produces little gold compared to the resources used. C. It requires expensive machinery and skilled labor. D. It leads to too much soil erosion and water pollution. 6. Based on the third paragraph, what makes modern bioleaching more effective than traditional methods? A. The bacteria are genetically engineered to target specific metals. B. The process does not rely on oxygen or heat to function. C. It works well without the need for controlled environments. D. It requires less time and works efficiently under controlled conditions. 7. What is one unique feature of Bioscope Technologies’ bioleaching system? A. It is capable of fully recycling all components of PCBs. B. It uses bacteria that are specifically bred for higher efficiency. C. It reuses bacteria in a circular system to reduce waste. D. It focuses merely on recovering precious metals like gold and silver. 8. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare traditional gold mining with urban mining in terms of efficiency and environmental impact. B. To highlight the economic and environmental challenges of gold mining and electronic waste management. C. To introduce bioleaching as an innovative and sustainable solution for electronic waste recycling. D. To advocate for banning all forms of gold mining and electronic waste production. 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C 8. C 【难度】0. 4 【知识点】发明与创造 、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了城市采矿技术，尤其是生物浸出法的应用。 5. 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Gold mining has long been criticized for its environmental and economic challenges. It typically involves heavy machinery, poisonous chemicals, and vast amounts of water, all to extract (提取) minimal amounts of gold. (金矿开采长期以来因其环境和经济挑战而受到批评。它通常涉及重型机械、有毒化学品和大量水资源，而所有这些只是为了提取极少量的黄金。)”可知，传统金矿开采被认为对环境有害的一个主要原因是它使用的资源多，但产出的黄金少。故选B。 6. 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Modern bioleaching takes place in controlled environments, whore bacteria work under ideal conditions to digest metals in just a few days. Those dissolved metals can then be recovered using methods like electroplating (电镀) . (生物浸出利用细菌（如氧化亚铁硫杆菌）产生化学物质，将金属溶解成溶液。这一过程在2000多年前就已被发现，20世纪50年代开始实现商业化，用于从采矿废物中提取金属。现代生物浸出在受控环境中进行，细菌在理想条件下工作，只需几天就能消化金属。然后，可以使用电镀等方法回收这些溶解的金属。)”可知，现代生物浸出法之所以比传统方法更有效，是因为它需要的时间更少，并且在受控条件下工作效率高。故选D。 7. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Bioscope Technologies, a company based in England, has developed an advanced bioleaching plant capable of processing 1, 000 tons of PCBs annually. The plant operates in a closed-loop (环) system where bacteria are reused, minimizing waste. (英国的一家公司——生物视野技术公司Bioscope Technologies开发了一座先进的生物浸出工厂，每年能够处理1000吨PCBs。该工厂采用闭环系统运行，细菌得以重复利用，从而将废物降至最低。)”可知，Bioscope Technologies公司的生物浸出系统的一个独特特点是它在循环系统中重复使用细菌以减少浪费。故选C。 8. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“To address these issues, scientists have turned to bioleaching (生物浸出), a cleaner and more sustainable alternative. (为了解决这些问题，科学家们转向了生物浸出这一更清洁、更可持续的替代方案。)”可知，文章主要为了介绍了生物浸出作为一种创新和可持续的电子废物回收解决方案。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高二上·山东德州·阶段练习）Have you ever thought about pouring used cooking oil down the sink? Just turn on the tap and flush (冲走) it all away. 9 Not only does this bad habit cause problems in your house, backyard, or neighborhood, but pouring such substances down the sink also creates widespread problems for the entire wastewater system and the workers responsible for its maintenance. The smooth day-to-day operation of our wastewater collection and treatment relies on the cooperation of people to “do the right thing”. Many water management authorities across Australia are in broad agreement: Please don’t pour oils down the sink. They all offer advice on far better alternatives. But the water industry has no control over what we do in the privacy of our homes. 10 When still hot, oils are often liquid and can be easily poured away. But down in the sewer (下水道) pipes, they rapidly cool and solidify. 11 According to Western Australia’s Water Corporation, it is estimated that 30% of sewer blockages are due to oils. 12 Think about hair and so-called “flushable wipes”. They can build up over time, creating “fatbergs”: horrible masses of wipes, hair,hardened oils and other waste. Oils act as the glue that helps fatbergs build up at choke points in sewer systems. There are more responsible ways of handling oils than just flushing them away. 13 Small amounts of cooking oil can safely be composted (制成堆肥). Even just pouring oils into the rubbish is better. But remember, you may need to cool hot oils down before putting them into the bin. A. It is really up to us. B. Please don’t do that. C. Blocked sewers are bad for us. D. Some engines can run on cooking oil. E. This is a serious and common problem. F. Cooking oil can actually be recycled and used to make biofuels. G. Oils also cause trouble by combining with other flushed-away materials. 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. E 12. G 13. F 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】环境保护 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了将用过的食用油倒入下水道会带来一系列问题，并给出了处理食用油更负责任的方法。 9. 上文“Have you ever thought about pouring used cooking oil down the sink? Just turn on the tap and flush it all away. (你有没有想过把用过的食用油倒进下水道？只要打开水龙头，把它们全部冲走。)”提出了一个设想，即把用过的食用油倒进下水道里然后冲走，下文“Not only does this bad habit cause problems in your house, backyard, or neighborhood, but pouring such substances down the sink also creates widespread problems for the entire wastewater system and the workers responsible for its maintenance. (这种坏习惯不仅会给你的房子、后院或邻居带来问题，而且将这类物质倒入下水道还会给整个废水系统以及负责维护该系统的工作人员带来广泛的问题。)”指出了这种习惯带来的问题，由此可知，把用过的食用油倒进下水道然后冲走是一个坏习惯，会带来一系列问题，所以空白处应是对这一设想的否定，即不要这样做。B选项“请不要这样做”符合语境。故选B。 10. 根据上文“But the water industry has no control over what we do in the privacy of our homes. (但水务行业无法控制我们在家中私密空间的行为。)”可知，水务行业无法控制我们在家里的行为，所以处理用过的食用油这件事取决于我们自己。A选项“这真的取决于我们”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 11. 根据上文“When still hot, oils are often liquid and can be easily poured away. But down in the sewer pipes, they rapidly cool and solidify. (油在热的时候通常是液体，可以很容易地倒掉。但在下水道管道里，它们会迅速冷却并凝固。)”可知，油在下水道管道里会迅速冷却并凝固，这是一个严重而普遍的问题。E选项“这是一个严重而普遍的问题”符合语境。故选E。 12. 根据下文“Think about hair and so-called ‘flushable wipes’. They can build up over time, creating ‘fatbergs’: horrible masses of wipes, hair, hardened oils and other waste. Oils act as the glue that helps fatbergs build up at choke points in sewer systems. (想想头发和所谓的‘可冲洗湿巾’。随着时间的推移，它们会不断积累，形成‘脂肪山’：可怕的湿巾、头发、硬化的油脂和其他废物的堆积。油脂就像胶水一样，帮助脂肪山在下水道系统的堵塞点堆积起来。)”可知，油还会与其他被冲走的物质结合，从而造成麻烦，G选项中的also表示递进关系，G选项“油还会与其他被冲走的物质结合，从而造成麻烦”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 13. 根据上文“There are more responsible ways of handling oils than just flushing them away. (处理油脂的方法有很多，比仅仅把它们冲走更负责任。)和下文“Small amounts of cooking oil can safely be composted. Even just pouring oils into the rubbish is better. But remember, you may need to cool hot oils down before putting them into the bin. (少量的食用油可以安全地堆肥。甚至只是把油倒进垃圾里也比冲走好。但要记住，把油放进垃圾桶之前，你可能需要先把热油冷却。)”可知，本段介绍了一些处理食用油的更负责任的方法，F选项“食用油实际上可以回收并用来制造生物燃料”也是处理食用油的一种更负责任的方法，符合语境。故选F。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高二上·河南南阳·阶段练习）In 2016, Liu Tang, a student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts, saw corals at an aquarium for the first time. Little did he know the chance 14 with the creature would spark a lifelong 15 . He began to 16 the local market to learn about coral farming from merchants selling plants, fish and corals. He also searched for information on relevant forums online, and before long, started 17 a coral in a small fish tank at home. “The coral organism is quite 18 and has extremely high 19 for water quality,” recalls Liu. “In the beginning, its state was not good. ” As he became better 20 of the creature, he learned that coral reefs are known as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean, providing 21 for a quarter of all marine life. 22 , rising sea temperatures have led to coral 23 . Liu felt an increasing sense of 24 and duty to protect them. Fast-forward to today, he 25 a coral conservationist in a Sanya-based tropical biological research center. Each day, he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and 26 the growth and development of the creatures. His story has been 27 in the recently premiered online program Burning Youth that aims to use documentary shorts and in-depth studio interviews to 28 the inspiring stories of young Chinese people from various walks of life. 14. A. encounter B. witness C. incident D. appointment 15. A. friendship B. vision C. passion D. career 16. A. study B. discover C. examine D. frequent 17. A. growing B. preserving C. selecting D. treating 18. A. tough B. vulnerable C. smooth D. impressive 19. A. benefits B. requirements C. expenses D. responses 20. A. reminded B. forced C. warned D. informed 21. A. harbors B. partners C. opportunities D. services 22. A. Somehow B. Unfortunately C. Therefore D. Unexpectedly 23. A. extinction B. variation C. expansion D. decline 24. A. frequency B. emergency C. urgency D. privacy 25. A. consults with B. applies for C. serves as D. acts on 26. A. keep track of B. leave alone C. show off D. speed up 27. A. revised B. featured C. announced D. contributed 28. A. assess B. follow C. relate D. invent 【答案】 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】环境保护、记叙文 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了刘唐2016年偶然间在水族馆看到了珊瑚，喜欢上了珊瑚，于是开始了解并且自己培育珊瑚。如今，他抓住机会成为了一名珊瑚保护主义者，他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一点也不知道与这个生物的偶然相遇会点燃他一生的激情。A. encounter偶遇；B. witness目击者；C. incident事故；D. appointment约会。根据后文“the local market to learn about coral farming from merchants selling plants, fish and corals”可知，他看到珊瑚，喜欢上了珊瑚，可知是一次和珊瑚的偶然相遇。故选A。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一点也不知道与这个生物的偶然相遇会点燃他一生的激情。A. friendship友谊；B. vision视野；C. passion激情，爱好；D. career事业。根据后文“learn about coral farming from merchants selling plants, fish and corals”可知，刘唐了解并且自己养殖珊瑚，可知喜欢上了珊瑚，成了一生的爱好。故选C。 16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始经常去当地的市场，向卖植物、鱼和珊瑚的商人学习珊瑚养殖。A. study学习；B. discover发现；C. examine检查；D. frequent常去，常出入于。根据后文“the local market to learn about coral farming”指常去当地的市场，了解珊瑚。故选D。 17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还在网上搜索了相关论坛的信息，不久之后，他开始在家里的一个小鱼缸里种植珊瑚。A. growing生长，种植；B. preserving保护；C. selecting选择；D. treating对待。根据后文“a coral in a small fish tank at home”可知搭建鱼缸是为了种植珊瑚。故选A。 18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“珊瑚生物非常脆弱，对水质的要求非常高，”刘回忆说。A. tough艰难的；B. vulnerable脆弱的；C. smooth顺利的；D. impressive印象深刻的。后文提到珊瑚对水质要求高，说明脆弱。故选B。 19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“珊瑚生物非常脆弱，对水质的要求非常高，”刘回忆说。A. benefits利益；B. requirements要求；C. expenses花费；D. responses回应。根据后文“for water quality”此处指珊瑚对水质的要求高。故选B。 20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他对这种生物了解的加深，他了解到珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”，为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。A. reminded被提醒的；B. forced被迫的；C. warned已警告的；D. informed了解情况的。根据上文“He also searched for information on relevant forums online”此处指他对这种生物了解的加深，故选D。 21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他对这种生物了解的加深，他了解到珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”，为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。A. harbors港湾；B. partners伙伴；C. opportunities机会；D. services服务。根据上文“coral reefs are known as“tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean”可知，珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”是因为它为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。故选A。 22. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，不断上升的海洋温度导致了珊瑚的减少。A. Somehow不知怎么；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Therefore因此；D. Unexpectedly意外地。根据后文“rising sea temperatures”可知，海洋温度升高导致珊瑚减少，这是不幸地。故选B。 23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，不断上升的海洋温度导致了珊瑚的减少。A. extinction灭绝；B. variation变化；C. expansion扩大；D. decline降低。根据后文“to protect them”珊瑚需要保护，是因为气候导致了它们减少。故选D。 24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：刘感到保护他们的紧迫感和责任越来越大。A. frequency频繁；B. emergency突发事件；C. urgency紧急；D. privacy隐私。根据后文“and duty to protect them”指保护珊瑚的紧迫感和责任感。故选C。 25. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，他在三亚的热带生物研究中心担任珊瑚保护主义者。A. consults with协商；B. applies for申请；C. serves as担任，作为；D. acts on作用。根据后文“a coral conservationist in a Sanya-based tropical biological research center”指他担任珊瑚保护主义者。故选C。 26. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天，他花几个小时潜入深海观察和记录生物的生长发育。A. keep track of记录下来；B. leave alone不要打扰；C. show off炫耀；D. speed up加速。根据后文“the growth and development of the creatures. ”可知，潜入海里是为了记录这些生物的生长发育。故选A。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道，该节目旨在用纪录片短片和深入的演播室采访来讲述来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。A. revised修改；B. featured以……为特色，由……主演，上演；C. announced宣布；D. contributed有助于。根据后文“in the recently premiered online program Burning Youth”指他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道，应用featured。故选B。 28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道，该节目旨在用纪录片短片和深入的演播室采访来讲述来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。A. assess评估；B. follow跟随；C. relate联系，讲述；D. invent发明。根据后文“the inspiring stories of young Chinese people from various walks of life”可知，这个节目讲述了来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。故选C。 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高二上·安徽马鞍山·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China will build the world’s largest national park system, and a layout plan 29 (release) soon. The plan is being drafted 30 (meet) the requirements of building a system with the largest scale of protection, the most diverse geographical features and the highest conservation value in the world. Under the plan, 31 was launched by the administration in 2019, about 50 areas have been selected as candidates for national parks. The parks are expected to cover 10 percent of the 32 (country) land area and preserve more than 80 percent of the key national 33 (protect) wild plant and animal species. In October, China announced its first group of five national parks, covering 34 total land area of more than 230,000 square kilometers. Since their establishment, the parks 35 (make) achievements in environmental and species protection. “At the same time, a new group of national parks are being established 36 an orderly manner and will be put into use as soon as possible,” emphasized Li, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration official. Li also said at the news conference on Monday that China’s planted forest conservation area has reached 87. 6 million hectares, 37 (rank) No. 1 in the world. China is also one of the 12 countries with the 38 (rich) biodiversity in the world, he added. 【答案】 29. will be released 30. to meet 31. which 32. country’s 33. protected 34. a 35. have made 36. in 37. ranking 38. richest 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】环境保护、人文地理 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国将建立世界上最大的国家公园体系，并介绍了相关的布局计划、国家公园的选定、环境及物种保护成就，以及中国在世界森林保护和生物多样性方面的地位。 29. 考查动词时态语态。句意：中国将建立世界上最大的国家公园体系，相关布局规划即将发布。根据时间状语“soon”可知，使用一般将来时，且主语“a layout plan”与动词“release”之间为被动关系，故应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be released。 30. 考查非谓语动词。句意：该规划正在起草中，旨在满足构建一个世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保护价值最高的国家公园体系的要求。空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to meet。 31. 考查定语从句。句意：根据该计划，政府在2019年启动这项计划，大约50个地区被选为国家公园候选地区。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the plan”，指物，在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。 32. 考查名词所有格。句意：这些公园预计将覆盖中国国土面积的10%，并保护80%以上的国家重点保护野生动植物物种。修饰名词短语land area，需用名词所有格country’s。故填country’s。 33. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处应用非谓语动词，动词protect与其逻辑主语wild plant and animal species之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词作前置定语。故填protected。 34. 考查冠词。句意：10月，中国宣布了首批五个国家公园，总面积超过23万平方公里。area为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且total发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 35. 考查动词时态。句意：自成立以来，这些公园在环境和物种保护方面取得了显著成就。根据时间状语“Since their establishment”可知，此处为现在完成时，且主语“the parks”为复数形式，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填have made。 36. 考查介词。句意：“同时，新一批国家公园正在有序建设中，并将尽快投入使用，”国家林业和草原局官员李强调说。此处表示“以有序的方式”，应使用介词“in”，构成固定短语“in an orderly manner”。故填in。 37. 考查非谓语动词。句意：李在周一的新闻发布会上还表示，中国的人工林保护面积已达到8760万公顷，位居世界第一。此处为非谓语动词作状语，且“rank”与逻辑主语“China’s planted forest conservation area”之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填ranking。 38. 考查形容词最高级。句意：他补充说，中国也是世界上生物多样性最丰富的12个国家之一。空处需填形容词作定语，定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填richest。 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 39. （24-25高二上·黑龙江佳木斯·阶段练习）3月3日是野生动物保护日，为此，你校举办了野生动物保护宣传周活动。假如你是学生会主席李华，请你代表学生会用英语写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们关爱保护野生动物。内容包括： 1）野生动物现状； 2）要采取的措施； 3）发出倡议。 注意：1）词数80左右； 2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear friends, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union 【答案】参考范文： Dear friends, Nowadays, with the development of society, the number of wild animals is decreasing at an alarming rate, some of which are in danger of dying out. I am writing to call on more people to pay attention to the status of wildlife. There is no doubt that every animal helps keep the balance in the nature, so we must save the wild animals. As for protecting wild animals, what we can do is to make laws to stop hunting them and destroying their habitats. What’s more, measures should be taken to stop pollution. If everyone tries his best to protect animals, our home will become better and better. Let’s take actions now. Student Union 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】环境保护、人与动植物 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封倡议书，介绍野生动物现状，呼吁同学们关爱保护野生动物。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 呼吁：call on→appeal for 关注：pay attention to→focus on 破坏：destroy→damage 此外：what’s more→besides 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：What’s more, measures should be taken to stop pollution. 拓展句：What’s more, measures should be taken to stop pollution, which also helps protect the habitats of animals. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As for protecting wild animals, what we can do is to make laws to stop hunting them and destroying their habitats. （运用了what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】If everyone tries his best to protect animals, our home will become better and better. （运用了If引导的条件状语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第二部分 弯道超车 选择性必修第三册 2025高二寒假作业 每天80分钟 答案解析版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 3 Environmental Protection Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. graph n. 图；图表；曲线图 2. emission n. 排放物；散发物；排放 3. seal n. 海豹 4. methane n. 甲烷；沼气 5. dioxide n. 二氧化物 6. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 7. habitable adj. 适合居住的 8. fossil n. 化石 9. fossil fuel化石燃料(如煤或石油) 10. worldwide adv. 遍及全球地 adj. 世界各地的；影响全世界的 11. footprint n. 足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积 12. basin n. 流域；盆地；盆 13. penguin n. 企鹅 14. implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行 15. moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的 vi. & vt. 缓和；使适中 16. tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的 17. nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的 18. jungle n. (热带)丛林；密林 19. smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物) 20. originate vi. & vt. 起源；发源；创立 21. volume n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷 22. enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业 23. regulation n. 章程；规章制度 24. disposal n. 去掉；清除；处理 25. waterway n. 水道；航道 26. agenda n. 议程表；议事日程 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. melt vi. & vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化 2. ecology n. 生态；生态学 3. release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布 4. carbon n. 碳 5. fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行 vt. 加强；刺激 6. comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的 7. trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向 8. broadcast vt. & vi. (broadcast，broadcast)播送；广播；传播 n. 广播节目；电视节目 9. policy n. 政策；方针；原则 10. seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 11. reform vt. & vi. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良 12. undergo vt. (underwent，undergone)经历；经受(变化、不快等) 13. annual adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴 14. chaos n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱 15. garbage n. 垃圾；废物 16. restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 17. dozen n. (一)打；十二个 18. fine vt. 对……处以罚款 19. campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n. 饥饿；饿死 2. sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的 3. frequently adv. 频繁地；经常→frequent adj. 频繁的→frequency n. 频繁；频率 4. restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive adj. 限制性的；约束性的 5. harmonious adj. 和谐的→harmony n. 和谐→harmoniously adv. 和谐地 6. submit vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服→submission n. 提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服 7. sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的→sensible adj. 明智的；合理的→sense n. 意义；感官 vt. 感觉到；察觉到 8. conservation n. (对环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的→conserve v. 保护；保存；节省；节约 9. inspection n. 检查；查看；视察→inspect vt. 检查；视察；检阅→inspector n. 检察员；督察员 10. tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n. 容忍 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 2. dozens of 许多；很多 3. have an impact on对……有影响 4. lead to导致 5. cause damage to对……造成损害 6. take measures采取措施 7. deal with处理 8. a number of许多 9. carry out履行；执行 10. in effect在实施中；实际上 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph). (There is little doubt that... 毫无疑问……) 毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。 2. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. (过去分词短语作后置定语) 专家声称，气候变化导致的海冰面降低意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕食海豹，因此它不得不走更远的距离去寻找食物。 3. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. (that引导的同位语从句) “天然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气层，使地表变暖。 4. Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. (含蓄虚拟条件句) 如果没有这个过程，地球就无法维系生命。 5. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly. (when引导的时间状语从句) 当人类由于燃烧化石燃料产生了大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气层中，导致地表温度迅速上升。 晨检得分 _______/_______ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1. moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的 vi. & vt. 缓和；使适中 2. emission n. 排放物；散发物；排放 3. disposal n. 去掉；清除；处理 4. agenda n. 议程表；议事日程 5. habitable adj. 适合居住的 6. fossil n. 化石 7. worldwide adv. 遍及全球地 adj. 世界各地的；影响全世界的 8. footprint n. 足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积 9. tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的 10. originate vi. & vt. 起源；发源；创立 Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 1. seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 2. release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布 3. undergo vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等) 4. fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行 vt. 加强；刺激 5. restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 6. trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向 7. broadcast vt. & vi. 播送；广播；传播 n. 广播节目；电视节目 8. campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动 9. annual adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴 10. reform vt. & vi. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1. starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n. 饥饿；饿死 2. sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的 3. restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive adj. 限制性的；约束性的 4. inspection n. 检查；查看；视察→inspect vt. 检查；视察；检阅→inspector n. 检察员；督察员 5. conservation n. (对环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的→conserve v. 保护；保存；节省；节约 Ⅳ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1. on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 2. have an impact on对……有影响 3. cause damage to对……造成损害 4. in effect在实施中；实际上 5. a number of许多 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1. As is known to us all，a harmonious society means that human beings can live in harmony with each other. (harmony) 2. I sensed that he was very sensitive to what others said and he couldn’t make sensible choices. (sense) 3. I couldn’t tolerate your behavior any longer. That is，I couldn’t be tolerant of how you behaved and my tolerance was used up. (tolerate) 4. My sister used to come back from abroad at a low frequency，about which my mother feels annoyed. But now she comes back frequently. (frequent) 5. Have you submitted your proposals？Do keep in mind that the final date for the submission is May 15. (submit) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1. As is known to us all，success lies in hard work while laziness leads to failure. 2. Taking measures to protect endangered animals is what we must do now. 3. The smart girl is accustomed to dealing with all kinds of people in her present occupation. 4. There has been a rapid decline in unemployment since the new policy was carried out. 5. The hurricane blew away dozens of farming villages and brought down thousands of trees. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分) 1. 毫无疑问，人类被火星吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二个家园。 There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars，with dreams of making it our second home. 2. 大多数被邀请参加会议的人都是我的老朋友。(过去分词短语作后置定语) Most of the people invited to the conference were my old friends. 3. 这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极其孤独的人，他们很容易成为行骗的目标。(that引导的同位语从句) This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community，who are easy to be targets of cheating. 4. 没有强大的团队精神，我们就不会高效地完成我们的任务。(without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句) Without a strong teamwork spirit，we wouldn’t complete our tasks very efficiently. 5. 当我发现自己迷路时，我的心吓得开始狂跳。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)(when引导的时间状语从句) When I found I lost my way，my heart started fluttering feverishly with fright. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与社会之3D打印技术在建筑行业的应用 议论文 447 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之城市采矿技术，尤其是生物浸出法的应用 记叙文 603 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之将用过的食用油倒入下水道会带来一系列问题 说明文 336 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之刘唐2016年偶然间在水族馆看到了珊瑚 记叙文 454 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之中国将建立世界上最大的国家公园体系 说明文 216 适中(0. 65) 应用文写作 倡议书， 介绍野生动物现状，呼吁同学们关爱保护野生动物 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25高二上·甘肃白银·期末）Building with 3D printing technology is sparking widespread interest in the construction industry. Besides reducing waste and our impact on the environment, it can speed up construction from weeks, or months, to days. Projects that use simple raw materials like soil, straw, and even salt, can be built in a fraction of the time and cost of traditional construction. Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible and, because the printers are mobile, they can be set up quickly where they are needed. Home design can be customized easily, giving architects more creative freedom. Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable. By using a range of simple, readily available or even waste materials like plastic in the mix, it then reduces the chance of materials being unavailable or too costly. Most construction uses conventional methods, but 3D printing is growing steadily. Community building takes on new meaning with the creation of a neighborhood of 10 3D printed homes in Tabasco, Mexico, aimed at tackling global homelessness. Families in the area live on less than $3 a day and New Story says its aim is to provide shelter for the more than one billion people without homes around the world. African island state Madagascar is hosting one of the world’s most forward-thinking school building projects. Non-profit Thinking Huts is using 3D printing technology to provide schools where children have little or no access to education. Schools are built using local materials and low carbon concrete in under a week. Beehive-inspired designs allow buildings to be easily expanded, and each school will include gardens built into the walls and solar panels on the roof for power. 1. What can replace the underlined word “fraction” in paragraph 1? A. Small part. B. New piece. C. Large amount. D. Complete waste. 2. What does the author think of 3D printed buildings compared with traditional ones? A. More classical. B. More complex. C. More expensive. D. More eco-friendly. 3. What is the purpose of the examples in the last two paragraphs? A. To show 3D printing is growing steadily. B. To show how to use 3D printing technology. C. To introduce where 3D printed buildings lie. D. To introduce more advantages of 3D printing. 4. Where can we read this text most likely? A. In a culture and art newspaper. B. On an athletic sports program. C. On a scientific research website. D. In a trade and marketing magazine. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. C 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】科学技术 、环境保护、说明文 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在建筑行业的应用，包括其优势（减少浪费、对环境影响小、加速建造、降低成本、使用多种材料、定制性强等）以及一些应用实例。 1. 词义猜测题。根据第一段“Besides reducing waste and our impact on the environment, it can speed up construction from weeks, or months, to days. ( 除了减少浪费和我们对环境的影响外，它还可以加快建筑速度从几周或几个月到几天)”以及“Projects that use simple raw materials like soil, straw, and even salt, can be built in a … of the time and cost of traditional construction. (使用土壤、稻草甚至盐等简单原材料的项目，可以在传统建筑所需时间和成本的……内建成)”可知，3D打印技术可以加快建筑速度从几周或几个月到几天，且使用土壤、稻草甚至盐等简单原材料，由此可推理出此处是指3D打印建筑技术比传统建筑技术所需时间和成本更少，所以“fraction”意思是“小部分”。故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible(使用工业3D建筑打印机逐层建造墙壁。尽可能减少建筑垃圾)”以及第三段“Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable. (公司使用回收产品和环保水泥来减少二氧化碳排放，使建筑更加可持续)”可知3D打印技术尽可能减少建筑垃圾，使建筑更加可持续，可推理出作者认为3D打印建筑比传统建筑更环保。故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Community building takes on new meaning with the creation of a neighborhood of 10 3D printed homes in Tabasco, Mexico, aimed at tackling global homelessness. Families in the area live on less than $3 a day and New Story says its aim is to provide shelter for the more than one billion people without homes around the world. (墨西哥塔巴斯科州的一个社区建造了10栋3D打印房屋，旨在解决全球无家可归问题。该地区的家庭每天收入不足3美元，New Story表示其目标是为全球超过十亿无家可归的人提供庇护所)”及第五段“African island state Madagascar is hosting one of the world’s most forward-thinking school building projects. Non-profit Thinking Huts is using 3D printing technology to provide schools where children have little or no access to education. Schools are built using local materials and low carbon concrete in under a week. Beehive-inspired designs allow buildings to be easily expanded, and each school will include gardens built into the walls and solar panels on the roof for power(非洲岛国马达加斯加正在承办世界上最具前瞻性的学校建设项目之一。非营利组织Thinking Huts利用3D打印技术，在儿童教育机会极少或根本没有的地区提供学校。这些学校的建设使用当地材料和低碳混凝土，不到一周就能建成。受蜂巢启发的设计使建筑易于扩展，每所学校都将包括嵌入墙壁的花园以及屋顶上的太阳能电池板以供电力)”可知，墨西哥塔巴斯科州的一个社区建造了10栋3D打印房屋，旨在解决全球无家可归问题。且非营利组织Thinking Huts利用3D打印技术，在儿童教育机会极少或根本没有的地区提供学校，由此可推理出后两段的目的是为了说明第三段结尾“ 3D printing is growing steadily. (3D打印建筑正在稳步增长)”的观点，故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Building with 3D printing technology is sparking widespread interest in the construction industry. (使用3D打印技术进行建筑正在建筑行业引起广泛关注)”、第二段“Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible(使用工业3D建筑打印机逐层建造墙壁。尽可能减少建筑垃圾)”以及第三段“Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable. (公司使用回收产品和环保水泥来减少二氧化碳排放，使建筑更加可持续)”可知，文章主要介绍了3D打印建筑的优势，可推理出这篇文章很可能来自一个科学研究的网站。故选C项。 B （24-25高二上·天津·期末）Gold mining has long been criticized for its environmental and economic challenges. It typically involves heavy machinery, poisonous chemicals, and vast amounts of water, all to extract (提取) minimal amounts of gold. For instance, processing a ton of ore (矿石) might produce as little as ten grams of gold. In contrast, urban mining, which recovers metals from electronic waste like printed circuit boards (PCBs), offers a significantly higher return. A ton of PCBs can produce over 150 grams of gold, along with other valuable metals like silver, copper, worth over $20, 000 per ton. Despite this, most electronic waste is not recycled properly. In 2022, the UN reported that only about 20% of the world’s 62 million tons of e-waste was formally recycled. Traditional methods for recycling PCBs, such as burning or using toxic (有毒的) chemicals, are highly polluting and energy-intensive, producing harmful emissions and toxic waste. To address these issues, scientists have turned to bioleaching (生物浸出), a cleaner and more sustainable alternative. Bioleaching uses bacteria, such as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (氧化亚铁硫杆菌) to produce chemicals that dissolve metals into a solution. This process, first discovered over2, 000 years ago, became commercialized in the 1950s for extracting metals from mining waste. Modern bioleaching takes place in controlled environments, whore bacteria work under ideal conditions to digest metals in just a few days. Those dissolved metals can then be recovered using methods like electroplating (电镀) . Bioscope Technologies, a company based in England, has developed an advanced bioleaching plant capable of processing 1, 000 tons of PCBs annually. The plant operates in a closed-loop (环) system where bacteria are reused, minimizing waste. Besides extracting precious metals like gold and silver, the company also recycles plastics and fiberglass from PCBs. However, they are still improving the process to better recover non-precious metals like tin and zinc. As urban mining techniques improve, it could become an even more efficient and eco-friendly solution to the growing e-waste crisis. 5. What is one major reason traditional gold mining is considered environmentally harmful? A. It destroys the ecosystems where it takes place. B. It produces little gold compared to the resources used. C. It requires expensive machinery and skilled labor. D. It leads to too much soil erosion and water pollution. 6. Based on the third paragraph, what makes modern bioleaching more effective than traditional methods? A. The bacteria are genetically engineered to target specific metals. B. The process does not rely on oxygen or heat to function. C. It works well without the need for controlled environments. D. It requires less time and works efficiently under controlled conditions. 7. What is one unique feature of Bioscope Technologies’ bioleaching system? A. It is capable of fully recycling all components of PCBs. B. It uses bacteria that are specifically bred for higher efficiency. C. It reuses bacteria in a circular system to reduce waste. D. It focuses merely on recovering precious metals like gold and silver. 8. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare traditional gold mining with urban mining in terms of efficiency and environmental impact. B. To highlight the economic and environmental challenges of gold mining and electronic waste management. C. To introduce bioleaching as an innovative and sustainable solution for electronic waste recycling. D. To advocate for banning all forms of gold mining and electronic waste production. 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C 8. C 【难度】0. 4 【知识点】发明与创造 、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了城市采矿技术，尤其是生物浸出法的应用。 5. 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Gold mining has long been criticized for its environmental and economic challenges. It typically involves heavy machinery, poisonous chemicals, and vast amounts of water, all to extract (提取) minimal amounts of gold. (金矿开采长期以来因其环境和经济挑战而受到批评。它通常涉及重型机械、有毒化学品和大量水资源，而所有这些只是为了提取极少量的黄金。)”可知，传统金矿开采被认为对环境有害的一个主要原因是它使用的资源多，但产出的黄金少。故选B。 6. 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Modern bioleaching takes place in controlled environments, whore bacteria work under ideal conditions to digest metals in just a few days. Those dissolved metals can then be recovered using methods like electroplating (电镀) . (生物浸出利用细菌（如氧化亚铁硫杆菌）产生化学物质，将金属溶解成溶液。这一过程在2000多年前就已被发现，20世纪50年代开始实现商业化，用于从采矿废物中提取金属。现代生物浸出在受控环境中进行，细菌在理想条件下工作，只需几天就能消化金属。然后，可以使用电镀等方法回收这些溶解的金属。)”可知，现代生物浸出法之所以比传统方法更有效，是因为它需要的时间更少，并且在受控条件下工作效率高。故选D。 7. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Bioscope Technologies, a company based in England, has developed an advanced bioleaching plant capable of processing 1, 000 tons of PCBs annually. The plant operates in a closed-loop (环) system where bacteria are reused, minimizing waste. (英国的一家公司——生物视野技术公司Bioscope Technologies开发了一座先进的生物浸出工厂，每年能够处理1000吨PCBs。该工厂采用闭环系统运行，细菌得以重复利用，从而将废物降至最低。)”可知，Bioscope Technologies公司的生物浸出系统的一个独特特点是它在循环系统中重复使用细菌以减少浪费。故选C。 8. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“To address these issues, scientists have turned to bioleaching (生物浸出), a cleaner and more sustainable alternative. (为了解决这些问题，科学家们转向了生物浸出这一更清洁、更可持续的替代方案。)”可知，文章主要为了介绍了生物浸出作为一种创新和可持续的电子废物回收解决方案。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高二上·山东德州·阶段练习）Have you ever thought about pouring used cooking oil down the sink? Just turn on the tap and flush (冲走) it all away. 9 Not only does this bad habit cause problems in your house, backyard, or neighborhood, but pouring such substances down the sink also creates widespread problems for the entire wastewater system and the workers responsible for its maintenance. The smooth day-to-day operation of our wastewater collection and treatment relies on the cooperation of people to “do the right thing”. Many water management authorities across Australia are in broad agreement: Please don’t pour oils down the sink. They all offer advice on far better alternatives. But the water industry has no control over what we do in the privacy of our homes. 10 When still hot, oils are often liquid and can be easily poured away. But down in the sewer (下水道) pipes, they rapidly cool and solidify. 11 According to Western Australia’s Water Corporation, it is estimated that 30% of sewer blockages are due to oils. 12 Think about hair and so-called “flushable wipes”. They can build up over time, creating “fatbergs”: horrible masses of wipes, hair,hardened oils and other waste. Oils act as the glue that helps fatbergs build up at choke points in sewer systems. There are more responsible ways of handling oils than just flushing them away. 13 Small amounts of cooking oil can safely be composted (制成堆肥). Even just pouring oils into the rubbish is better. But remember, you may need to cool hot oils down before putting them into the bin. A. It is really up to us. B. Please don’t do that. C. Blocked sewers are bad for us. D. Some engines can run on cooking oil. E. This is a serious and common problem. F. Cooking oil can actually be recycled and used to make biofuels. G. Oils also cause trouble by combining with other flushed-away materials. 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. E 12. G 13. F 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】环境保护 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了将用过的食用油倒入下水道会带来一系列问题，并给出了处理食用油更负责任的方法。 9. 上文“Have you ever thought about pouring used cooking oil down the sink? Just turn on the tap and flush it all away. (你有没有想过把用过的食用油倒进下水道？只要打开水龙头，把它们全部冲走。)”提出了一个设想，即把用过的食用油倒进下水道里然后冲走，下文“Not only does this bad habit cause problems in your house, backyard, or neighborhood, but pouring such substances down the sink also creates widespread problems for the entire wastewater system and the workers responsible for its maintenance. (这种坏习惯不仅会给你的房子、后院或邻居带来问题，而且将这类物质倒入下水道还会给整个废水系统以及负责维护该系统的工作人员带来广泛的问题。)”指出了这种习惯带来的问题，由此可知，把用过的食用油倒进下水道然后冲走是一个坏习惯，会带来一系列问题，所以空白处应是对这一设想的否定，即不要这样做。B选项“请不要这样做”符合语境。故选B。 10. 根据上文“But the water industry has no control over what we do in the privacy of our homes. (但水务行业无法控制我们在家中私密空间的行为。)”可知，水务行业无法控制我们在家里的行为，所以处理用过的食用油这件事取决于我们自己。A选项“这真的取决于我们”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 11. 根据上文“When still hot, oils are often liquid and can be easily poured away. But down in the sewer pipes, they rapidly cool and solidify. (油在热的时候通常是液体，可以很容易地倒掉。但在下水道管道里，它们会迅速冷却并凝固。)”可知，油在下水道管道里会迅速冷却并凝固，这是一个严重而普遍的问题。E选项“这是一个严重而普遍的问题”符合语境。故选E。 12. 根据下文“Think about hair and so-called ‘flushable wipes’. They can build up over time, creating ‘fatbergs’: horrible masses of wipes, hair, hardened oils and other waste. Oils act as the glue that helps fatbergs build up at choke points in sewer systems. (想想头发和所谓的‘可冲洗湿巾’。随着时间的推移，它们会不断积累，形成‘脂肪山’：可怕的湿巾、头发、硬化的油脂和其他废物的堆积。油脂就像胶水一样，帮助脂肪山在下水道系统的堵塞点堆积起来。)”可知，油还会与其他被冲走的物质结合，从而造成麻烦，G选项中的also表示递进关系，G选项“油还会与其他被冲走的物质结合，从而造成麻烦”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 13. 根据上文“There are more responsible ways of handling oils than just flushing them away. (处理油脂的方法有很多，比仅仅把它们冲走更负责任。)和下文“Small amounts of cooking oil can safely be composted. Even just pouring oils into the rubbish is better. But remember, you may need to cool hot oils down before putting them into the bin. (少量的食用油可以安全地堆肥。甚至只是把油倒进垃圾里也比冲走好。但要记住，把油放进垃圾桶之前，你可能需要先把热油冷却。)”可知，本段介绍了一些处理食用油的更负责任的方法，F选项“食用油实际上可以回收并用来制造生物燃料”也是处理食用油的一种更负责任的方法，符合语境。故选F。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高二上·河南南阳·阶段练习）In 2016, Liu Tang, a student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts, saw corals at an aquarium for the first time. Little did he know the chance 14 with the creature would spark a lifelong 15 . He began to 16 the local market to learn about coral farming from merchants selling plants, fish and corals. He also searched for information on relevant forums online, and before long, started 17 a coral in a small fish tank at home. “The coral organism is quite 18 and has extremely high 19 for water quality,” recalls Liu. “In the beginning, its state was not good. ” As he became better 20 of the creature, he learned that coral reefs are known as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean, providing 21 for a quarter of all marine life. 22 , rising sea temperatures have led to coral 23 . Liu felt an increasing sense of 24 and duty to protect them. Fast-forward to today, he 25 a coral conservationist in a Sanya-based tropical biological research center. Each day, he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and 26 the growth and development of the creatures. His story has been 27 in the recently premiered online program Burning Youth that aims to use documentary shorts and in-depth studio interviews to 28 the inspiring stories of young Chinese people from various walks of life. 14. A. encounter B. witness C. incident D. appointment 15. A. friendship B. vision C. passion D. career 16. A. study B. discover C. examine D. frequent 17. A. growing B. preserving C. selecting D. treating 18. A. tough B. vulnerable C. smooth D. impressive 19. A. benefits B. requirements C. expenses D. responses 20. A. reminded B. forced C. warned D. informed 21. A. harbors B. partners C. opportunities D. services 22. A. Somehow B. Unfortunately C. Therefore D. Unexpectedly 23. A. extinction B. variation C. expansion D. decline 24. A. frequency B. emergency C. urgency D. privacy 25. A. consults with B. applies for C. serves as D. acts on 26. A. keep track of B. leave alone C. show off D. speed up 27. A. revised B. featured C. announced D. contributed 28. A. assess B. follow C. relate D. invent 【答案】 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】环境保护、记叙文 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了刘唐2016年偶然间在水族馆看到了珊瑚，喜欢上了珊瑚，于是开始了解并且自己培育珊瑚。如今，他抓住机会成为了一名珊瑚保护主义者，他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一点也不知道与这个生物的偶然相遇会点燃他一生的激情。A. encounter偶遇；B. witness目击者；C. incident事故；D. appointment约会。根据后文“the local market to learn about coral farming from merchants selling plants, fish and corals”可知，他看到珊瑚，喜欢上了珊瑚，可知是一次和珊瑚的偶然相遇。故选A。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一点也不知道与这个生物的偶然相遇会点燃他一生的激情。A. friendship友谊；B. vision视野；C. passion激情，爱好；D. career事业。根据后文“learn about coral farming from merchants selling plants, fish and corals”可知，刘唐了解并且自己养殖珊瑚，可知喜欢上了珊瑚，成了一生的爱好。故选C。 16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始经常去当地的市场，向卖植物、鱼和珊瑚的商人学习珊瑚养殖。A. study学习；B. discover发现；C. examine检查；D. frequent常去，常出入于。根据后文“the local market to learn about coral farming”指常去当地的市场，了解珊瑚。故选D。 17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还在网上搜索了相关论坛的信息，不久之后，他开始在家里的一个小鱼缸里种植珊瑚。A. growing生长，种植；B. preserving保护；C. selecting选择；D. treating对待。根据后文“a coral in a small fish tank at home”可知搭建鱼缸是为了种植珊瑚。故选A。 18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“珊瑚生物非常脆弱，对水质的要求非常高，”刘回忆说。A. tough艰难的；B. vulnerable脆弱的；C. smooth顺利的；D. impressive印象深刻的。后文提到珊瑚对水质要求高，说明脆弱。故选B。 19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“珊瑚生物非常脆弱，对水质的要求非常高，”刘回忆说。A. benefits利益；B. requirements要求；C. expenses花费；D. responses回应。根据后文“for water quality”此处指珊瑚对水质的要求高。故选B。 20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他对这种生物了解的加深，他了解到珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”，为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。A. reminded被提醒的；B. forced被迫的；C. warned已警告的；D. informed了解情况的。根据上文“He also searched for information on relevant forums online”此处指他对这种生物了解的加深，故选D。 21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他对这种生物了解的加深，他了解到珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”，为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。A. harbors港湾；B. partners伙伴；C. opportunities机会；D. services服务。根据上文“coral reefs are known as“tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean”可知，珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”是因为它为四分之一的海洋生物提供了港湾。故选A。 22. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，不断上升的海洋温度导致了珊瑚的减少。A. Somehow不知怎么；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Therefore因此；D. Unexpectedly意外地。根据后文“rising sea temperatures”可知，海洋温度升高导致珊瑚减少，这是不幸地。故选B。 23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，不断上升的海洋温度导致了珊瑚的减少。A. extinction灭绝；B. variation变化；C. expansion扩大；D. decline降低。根据后文“to protect them”珊瑚需要保护，是因为气候导致了它们减少。故选D。 24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：刘感到保护他们的紧迫感和责任越来越大。A. frequency频繁；B. emergency突发事件；C. urgency紧急；D. privacy隐私。根据后文“and duty to protect them”指保护珊瑚的紧迫感和责任感。故选C。 25. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，他在三亚的热带生物研究中心担任珊瑚保护主义者。A. consults with协商；B. applies for申请；C. serves as担任，作为；D. acts on作用。根据后文“a coral conservationist in a Sanya-based tropical biological research center”指他担任珊瑚保护主义者。故选C。 26. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天，他花几个小时潜入深海观察和记录生物的生长发育。A. keep track of记录下来；B. leave alone不要打扰；C. show off炫耀；D. speed up加速。根据后文“the growth and development of the creatures. ”可知，潜入海里是为了记录这些生物的生长发育。故选A。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道，该节目旨在用纪录片短片和深入的演播室采访来讲述来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。A. revised修改；B. featured以……为特色，由……主演，上演；C. announced宣布；D. contributed有助于。根据后文“in the recently premiered online program Burning Youth”指他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道，应用featured。故选B。 28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《燃烧的青春》报道，该节目旨在用纪录片短片和深入的演播室采访来讲述来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。A. assess评估；B. follow跟随；C. relate联系，讲述；D. invent发明。根据后文“the inspiring stories of young Chinese people from various walks of life”可知，这个节目讲述了来自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。故选C。 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高二上·安徽马鞍山·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China will build the world’s largest national park system, and a layout plan 29 (release) soon. The plan is being drafted 30 (meet) the requirements of building a system with the largest scale of protection, the most diverse geographical features and the highest conservation value in the world. Under the plan, 31 was launched by the administration in 2019, about 50 areas have been selected as candidates for national parks. The parks are expected to cover 10 percent of the 32 (country) land area and preserve more than 80 percent of the key national 33 (protect) wild plant and animal species. In October, China announced its first group of five national parks, covering 34 total land area of more than 230,000 square kilometers. Since their establishment, the parks 35 (make) achievements in environmental and species protection. “At the same time, a new group of national parks are being established 36 an orderly manner and will be put into use as soon as possible,” emphasized Li, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration official. Li also said at the news conference on Monday that China’s planted forest conservation area has reached 87. 6 million hectares, 37 (rank) No. 1 in the world. China is also one of the 12 countries with the 38 (rich) biodiversity in the world, he added. 【答案】 29. will be released 30. to meet 31. which 32. country’s 33. protected 34. a 35. have made 36. in 37. ranking 38. richest 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】环境保护、人文地理 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国将建立世界上最大的国家公园体系，并介绍了相关的布局计划、国家公园的选定、环境及物种保护成就，以及中国在世界森林保护和生物多样性方面的地位。 29. 考查动词时态语态。句意：中国将建立世界上最大的国家公园体系，相关布局规划即将发布。根据时间状语“soon”可知，使用一般将来时，且主语“a layout plan”与动词“release”之间为被动关系，故应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be released。 30. 考查非谓语动词。句意：该规划正在起草中，旨在满足构建一个世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保护价值最高的国家公园体系的要求。空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to meet。 31. 考查定语从句。句意：根据该计划，政府在2019年启动这项计划，大约50个地区被选为国家公园候选地区。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the plan”，指物，在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。 32. 考查名词所有格。句意：这些公园预计将覆盖中国国土面积的10%，并保护80%以上的国家重点保护野生动植物物种。修饰名词短语land area，需用名词所有格country’s。故填country’s。 33. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处应用非谓语动词，动词protect与其逻辑主语wild plant and animal species之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词作前置定语。故填protected。 34. 考查冠词。句意：10月，中国宣布了首批五个国家公园，总面积超过23万平方公里。area为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且total发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 35. 考查动词时态。句意：自成立以来，这些公园在环境和物种保护方面取得了显著成就。根据时间状语“Since their establishment”可知，此处为现在完成时，且主语“the parks”为复数形式，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填have made。 36. 考查介词。句意：“同时，新一批国家公园正在有序建设中，并将尽快投入使用，”国家林业和草原局官员李强调说。此处表示“以有序的方式”，应使用介词“in”，构成固定短语“in an orderly manner”。故填in。 37. 考查非谓语动词。句意：李在周一的新闻发布会上还表示，中国的人工林保护面积已达到8760万公顷，位居世界第一。此处为非谓语动词作状语，且“rank”与逻辑主语“China’s planted forest conservation area”之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填ranking。 38. 考查形容词最高级。句意：他补充说，中国也是世界上生物多样性最丰富的12个国家之一。空处需填形容词作定语，定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填richest。 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 39. （24-25高二上·黑龙江佳木斯·阶段练习）3月3日是野生动物保护日，为此，你校举办了野生动物保护宣传周活动。假如你是学生会主席李华，请你代表学生会用英语写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们关爱保护野生动物。内容包括： 1）野生动物现状； 2）要采取的措施； 3）发出倡议。 注意：1）词数80左右； 2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear friends, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union 【答案】参考范文： Dear friends, Nowadays, with the development of society, the number of wild animals is decreasing at an alarming rate, some of which are in danger of dying out. I am writing to call on more people to pay attention to the status of wildlife. There is no doubt that every animal helps keep the balance in the nature, so we must save the wild animals. As for protecting wild animals, what we can do is to make laws to stop hunting them and destroying their habitats. What’s more, measures should be taken to stop pollution. If everyone tries his best to protect animals, our home will become better and better. Let’s take actions now. Student Union 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】环境保护、人与动植物 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封倡议书，介绍野生动物现状，呼吁同学们关爱保护野生动物。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 呼吁：call on→appeal for 关注：pay attention to→focus on 破坏：destroy→damage 此外：what’s more→besides 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：What’s more, measures should be taken to stop pollution. 拓展句：What’s more, measures should be taken to stop pollution, which also helps protect the habitats of animals. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As for protecting wild animals, what we can do is to make laws to stop hunting them and destroying their habitats. （运用了what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】If everyone tries his best to protect animals, our home will become better and better. （运用了If引导的条件状语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$