12. 2025年高二英语寒假作业 单词复习+习题精做 每天80分钟 选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 学习测试版+答案解析版

第二部分 弯道超车 选择性必修第三册 2025高二寒假作业 每天80分钟 答案解析版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. tobacco n. 烟草；烟叶 2. cue n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示) 3. facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 4. escalator n. 自动扶梯；滚梯 5. surgeon n. 外科医生 6. surgery n. 外科手术；外科学 7. liberation n. 解放；摆脱 8. beard n. 胡须；络腮胡子 9. flu n. 流感 10. nut n. 坚果 11. skateboard n. 滑板 vi. 滑滑板 12. bowling n. 保龄球运动 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. abuse n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 2. dominate vt. & vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 3. negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的 4. discipline n. 自制力；纪律；学科 vt. 自我控制；管教；处罚 5. pill n. 药片；药丸 6. delete v. 删去；删除 7. shave vi. ，vt. & n. 剃(须发)；刮脸 8. cigarette n. 香烟；卷烟 9. drug n. 毒品；药物 10. skip vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳 11. dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的 12. stimulate vt. 激发；促进；刺激 13. dentist n. 牙科医生 14. dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的 15. comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目 16. monthly adv. & adj. 每月；每月一次的 n. 月刊 17. enhance vt. 提高；增强；增进 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. alcohol n. 酒；酒精→alcoholic adj. (含)酒精的 n. 酗酒者 2. physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→physically adv. 身体上；肉体上 3. repeatedly adv. 重复地→repeat vt. 重复→repeated adj. 重复的→repetition n. 重复 4. psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj. 心理(学)的→psychologist n. 心理学家 5. reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬→rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的；报酬高的 6. rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的 7. examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验→examination n. 考试(＝exam)；检查；审查 8. pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→pessimism n. 悲观主义 9. compose vt. & vi. 组成；作曲；撰写→composition n. 组成；作曲；作文→composer n. 作曲家 10. disturb vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼→disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的 11. specialist n. 专科医生；专家→special adj. 特别的；专门的→specially adv. 特别地；专门→specialize vt. 专门研究；专门从事 12. consultant n. 顾问；高级顾问医师→consult vt. & vi. 请教；咨询 vt. 查阅；参看 13. sugary adj. 含糖的；甜的→sugar n. 糖 14. refresh vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→refreshing adj. 令人振奋的→refreshment n. 焕发精神；恢复活力 15. absorb vt. 吸引全部注意力；吸收→absorbed adj. 专心致志的；全神贯注的 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. in response to回答；答复 2. rely on/upon依赖；依靠；信赖 3. straight away立即；马上 4. decide on/upon决定；选定 5. make up one’s mind下定决心 6. be composed of由……组成(或构成)的 7. shave off剃掉；刮去 8. stressed out焦虑不安；心力交瘁 9. worn out筋疲力尽的；疲惫的 10. after all毕竟；终究 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. (不定式作主语) 防止此类有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。 2. For young people，there is plenty of time to change bad habits. (There be＋n. ＋to do... ) 对于年轻人来说，有大量的时间来改变不良习惯。 3. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits！(形容词短语作后置定语) 你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快乐、健康的生活！ 4. Whenever I went out with friends，I brought snacks from home，things that didn’t have any added sugar: fruit，nuts，dried meat，etc. (whenever引导的让步状语从句) 每次和朋友们出去时，我都会从家里带些零食，这些零食没有添加任何糖分：水果、坚果、肉干等。 5. Best of all，in my opinion，is how I feel about myself. (how引导的表语从句) 在我看来，最棒的是我对自己的感觉。 6. I get refreshed through climbing，spend more time with my dad，and get to meet new friends. (get＋过去分词) 通过攀岩，我重新焕发了活力，花更多的时间和爸爸在一起，并开始结识新朋友。 晨检得分 _______/_______ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分) 1. surgery n. 外科手术；外科学 2. cue n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示) 3. facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 4. flu n. 流感 5. liberation n. 解放；摆脱 Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1. 5分，共12分) 1. abuse n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 2. dominate vt. & vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 3. stimulate vt. 激发；促进；刺激 4. discipline n. 自制力；纪律；学科 vt. 自我控制；管教；处罚 5. dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的 6. skip vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳 7. enhance vt. 提高；增强；增进 8. monthly adv. & adj. 每月；每月一次的 n. 月刊 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1. alcohol n. 酒；酒精→alcoholic adj. (含)酒精的 n. 酗酒者 2. repeatedly adv. 重复地→repeat vt. 重复→repeated adj. 重复的→repetition n. 重复 3. examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验→examination n. 考试(＝exam)；检查；审查 4. pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→pessimism n. 悲观主义 5. refresh vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→refreshing adj. 令人振奋的→refreshment n. 焕发精神；恢复活力 Ⅳ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1. stressed out焦虑不安；心力交瘁 2. after all毕竟；终究 3. straight away立即；马上 4. shave off剃掉；刮去 5. make up one’s mind下定决心 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1. Those who have a good knowledge of psychology are called psychologists，who can handle psychological problems with ease. (psychology) 2. You will be rewarded with a Chinese dictionary for your rewarding suggestions on how to strengthen my confidence. (reward) 3. His new composition that he composed last week attracted lots of attention，which was beyond our expectations. (compose) 4. What made me annoyed was that the disturbing noise outside completely disturbed my mind. (disturb) 5. The welcome party is specially held for the specialist who specializes in surgery. (special) 6. People must turn to experienced consultants for help to consult on some professional problems. (consult) 7. Although I am absorbed in all the materials，I still have difficulty absorbing them all at once. (absorb) 8. He regards me as his reliable friend and relies on me to offer him some good advice. (rely) 9. Don’t consume so many sugary foods because too much sugar is harmful to our health. (sugar) 10. To keep physically healthy，you should participate in more physical activities. (physical) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题3分，共18分) 1. Now that you have made up your mind to overcome your shortcomings，take action now. 2. In response to the audience’s great demands，the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. 3. He always relies on his best friend to help him solve whatever difficulties he comes across in his daily life. 4. As a matter of fact，these birds are in danger of being worn out by singing too much on a daily basis. 5. Whatever you want to learn，deciding on your goal before you make a plan is the most important. 6. Whoever knows what water is composed of can raise your hand and tell me your answer. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分) 1. 爱与被爱是这个世界上最大的幸福。(不定式作主语) To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in the world. 2. 我的新学校有许多要探索的东西，因此，我怀着极大的好奇心到处闲逛。(There be＋n. ＋to do... ) There are a lot of things to explore in my new school，so I wander around with great curiosity. 3. 任何对唐诗感兴趣的学生都可以报名参加这门旨在提高学生对唐诗的理解的选修课程。(形容词短语作后置定语) Any student interested in Tang poems can sign up for the optional course designed to enhance students’ understanding of Tang poetry. 4. 无论何时他看到我，他都会以灿烂的笑容和我打招呼。(whenever引导的让步状语从句) Whenever he sees me，he will greet me with a bright smile. 5. 现在最紧迫的问题是我们如何才能摆脱我们内心深处的恐惧以及如何克服目前的挑战。(how引导的表语从句) Now the most urgent problem is how we can get rid of fear in our deep heart and how we overcome present challenges. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与自然之水与人体健康的关系 说明文 534 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之项西班牙研究发现，活力、决心、智力和坚韧等核心人格特质与百岁老人的长寿密切相关 说明文 496 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之保持大脑功能的一些方法 说明文 325 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之瑜伽练习带来的身心和谐与团队支持 记叙文 466 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之预制菜进入学校引发争议 说明文 208 适中(0. 65) 应用文写作 考生就How to keep healthy这个话题给英国笔友Mary写一封信 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25高二上·新疆·阶段练习）“An apple a day keeps the doctor away. ” Similarly, if we drink a little more water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and a great many different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber, without giving us too much fat and sugar. But why is water important? The human body needs water to stay alive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. However, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water, much more than the small amount we need to stay alive. Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems starts as a result of dehydration-a lack of water in the body. Most people are dehydrated at least some of time, although they probably don’t know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first period of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty. These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma could be avoided if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are overweight. Water has no calories so it will not make us put on weight. If we drink water, we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks such as Coca-Cola. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water. There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to see the doctor completely. However, if we make a decision to drink water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. 1. From paragraph1, we can learn that ______. A. some doctors don’t like apples. B. we get energy and fiber from healthy foods. C. it is very important to save money. D. Healthy foods give us a lot of fat and sugar. 2. The word “asthma” in Paragraph 4 is most probably a kind of ______. A. food. B. illness. C. drink. D. medicine. 3. Lack of water causes people to put on weight because ______. A. water has no calories. B. It makes them hungry. C. They think they are thirsty and eat less. D. They think they are hungry and eat too much. 4. Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage? A. Fruit provides us with energy and fibre. B. The amount of water a person should drink in a day. C. Drinking more water may stop people from overeating. D. Some health problems stat because of a lack of water. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. B 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】个人保健、科普知识 、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水与人体健康的关系，告诉我们要每天多饮水，让身体处于健康状态。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber, without giving us too much fat and sugar. (我们知道像水果、蔬菜和鱼类这样的健康食品很重要，因为它们为我们提供能量和纤维，且不会给我们过多的脂肪和糖分。)”可知，我们能从健康食品中获取能量和纤维。故选B项。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第四段“These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma could be avoided if people drink more water. (这些医生认为，如果人们多喝水，像头痛、高血压和 这样的健康问题是可以避免的。)”可知，此处列举的都是健康问题相关的词汇，所以“asthma”最有可能是一种疾病。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. (医生们还认为，多喝水可能会阻止人们暴饮暴食。他们说，很多人以为自己饿了，其实是渴了。)”可知，缺水时人们会误以为自己饿了，从而吃得过多导致体重增加。故选D项。 4. 细节理解题。由文中可知，A选项“水果为我们提供能量和纤维”，第一段“We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber(我们知道像水果、蔬菜和鱼类这样的健康食品很重要，因为它们为我们提供能量和纤维)”有提及；C选项“多喝水可能会阻止人们暴饮暴食”，第四段“Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. (医生们还认为，多喝水可以防止人们暴饮暴食。)”有体现；D选项“一些健康问题因缺水而起”，第三段“They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems starts as a result of dehydration-a lack of water in the body. (他们认为，许多疾病和健康问题都是由于脱水引起的，即体内缺水。)” 有说明。而文中未提到一个人一天应该喝多少水，所以B选项符合题意。故选B项。 B （23-24高二上·湖南永州·期末）Certain personalities may help centenarians (百岁老人) reach their advanced age, according to a Spanish study. Lola Merino at the Complutense University of Madrid and her colleagues interviewed 16 women and three men aged between 100 and 107 years across Spain. Detailed analysis of the interviews identified 35 positive personalities in total, eight of which the team considered to be “central” because they were shared by most of the 19 interviewees. One of these central personalities was vitality, defined as being energetic and participating in activities. One 100-year-old woman told the team how she was staying aged 98 and stays active by giving up elevators and walking up stairs. Commitment to various goals was another personality, with one “very determined” 101-year-old woman recalling an incident four years ago when she broke her hip and was walking unaided only a month or so later. Intelligence, including a good memory and past academic successes, and being in control and able to make your own decisions were other shared personalities. A 100-year-old woman sand: “I’ve always followed my own judgement, even though others told me no, and time has proved me right. ” Finally, the researchers picked up on the participants’ resilience (恢复力). A 101-year-old man said, “I was very close to my wife; I was 97 when she passed away. At first, I was bad off, but then I thought that you have to be strong. ” The study also included centenarians from Spain, but Sunil Bhar, who directs a well-being clinic for older people in Melbourne, Australia, says he sees many of the same personalities. In particular, strong relationships and a “can-do” attitude appear to be important, probably by helping prevent depression, he says. Depression has been linked to a compromised (受损的) immune system and even dementia (痴呆), says Bhar. According to Merino, there are some ways to build up these personalities for people who lack them. 5. How are the “central” personalities illustrated in the passage? A. By giving examples. B. By listing numbers. C. By making predictions. D. By making comparisons. 6. Who is most likely to reach his or her advanced age according to the passage? A. A man who seldom takes part in activities. B. A man who always follows others’ judgement. C. A woman who has achieved academic successes. D. A woman who rarely commits herself to her goals. 7. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Personalities Linked to Long Life B. Vitality Contributing to Long Life C. Centenarians Living in Spain D. Advice Given by Centenarians 8. What might the author continue talking about? A. How to deal with depression. B. How to develop a “can-do” attitude. C. How to build up strong personal relationships. D. How to develop personalities related to long life. 【答案】5. A 6. C 7. A 8. D 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】个人保健、科普知识 、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项西班牙研究发现，活力、决心、智力和坚韧等核心人格特质与百岁老人的长寿密切相关，且研究认为这些特质可以通过后天培养。 5. 推理判断题。根据第三段“One of these central personalities was vitality, defined as being energetic and participating in activities. One 100-year-old woman told the team how she was staying aged 98 and stays active by giving up elevators and walking up stairs. Commitment to various goals was another personality, with one “very determined” 101-year-old woman recalling an incident four years ago when she broke her hip and was walking unaided only a month or so later. Intelligence, including a good memory and past academic successes, and being in control and able to make your own decisions were other shared personalities. A 100-year-old woman sand: “I’ve always followed my own judgement, even though others told me no, and time has proved me right. ” (这些核心人格之一是活力，被定义为精力充沛和参与活动。一位100岁的老妇人告诉团队，她是如何活到98岁，并通过不坐电梯和爬楼梯来保持活力的。对各种目标的执着是另一个性格特征，一位“非常坚定”的101岁老妇人回忆起四年前的一件事，当时她摔断了臀部，大约一个月后就能独立行走了。智力，包括良好的记忆力和过去的学术成就，以及控制和能够自己做决定是其他共同的性格。一位百岁老妇人说：“我一直遵循自己的判断，即使别人告诉我不，时间也证明了我是对的。”)”可推知，文章通过三个具体例子说明了核心性格特质。故选A项。 6. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Intelligence, including a good memory and past academic successes, and being in control and able to make your own decisions were other shared personalities. (智力，包括良好的记忆力和过去的学术成就，以及控制和能够自己做决定是其他共同的性格)”可知，智力是百岁老人共有的核心性格特质之一。由此推知，一个有学术成就的女性更有可能长寿。故选C项。 7. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Certain personalities may help centenarians (百岁老人) reach their advanced age, according to a Spanish study. (根据西班牙的一项研究，某些性格可能会帮助百岁老人长寿)”可知，文章主要探讨了与长寿相关的核心性格特质，如活力、决心、智力和坚韧等。由此可知，A项“Personalities Linked to Long Life(与长寿相关的性格特质)”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的末句“According to Merino, there are some ways to build up these personalities for people who lack them. (根据Merino的说法，有一些方法可以帮助缺乏这些个性的人建立这些个性)”可知，这些个性是可以通过方法建立起来的。由此推知，作者接下来可能会继续讨论如何发展与长寿相关的性格特质。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高二上·福建南平·期中）Every brain changes with age, and mental function changes along with it. Mental decline is common, and it’s one of the most feared consequences of aging. But cognitive (认知的) damage is not unavoidable. 9 . Get mental stimulation Through research with mice and humans, scientists have found that brainy activities stimulate new connections between nerve cells and may even help the brain generate new cells. 10 Read, take courses, and try “mental gymnastics,” such as word puzzles or math problems that require mental effort like drawing, painting, and other crafts. Get physical exercise 11 . People who exercise regularly increase the number of tiny blood vessels that bring oxygen- rich blood to the region of the brain that is responsible for thought. Exercise also spurs the development of new nerve cells and increases the connections between brain cells. 12 Good nutrition can help your mind as well as your body. For example, people that eat a Mediterranean style diet that emphasizes fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts, unsaturated oils (olive oil) and plant sources of proteins are less likely to develop cognitive impairment and dementia. In this way, both your blood sugar and blood pressure will be in good control. Care for your emotions People who are anxious, depressed, sleep-deprived, or exhausted tend to score poorly on cognitive function tests. Immediate actions should be taken to prevent cognitive decline. Neglecting your emotional well-being can have a profound impact on your ability to think clearly, make decisions, and maintain a high level of mental sharpness. 13 . A. Improve your diet. B. Improve your blood sugar. C. Enough sleep is of great importance for brain. D. Research shows that using your muscles helps your mind. E. Here are some ways you can help maintain brain function. F. Any mentally stimulating activity helps to build up your brain. G. Positive moods can reduce stress improved your mental health. 【答案】9. E 10. F 11. D 12. A 13. G 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】个人保健、方法/策略 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持大脑功能的一些方法。 9. 根据上文“But cognitive damage is not unavoidable. (但认知损伤并不是不可避免的)”可推测出，下文应该会介绍一些避免认知损伤的方法。选项E“以下是一些帮助你保持大脑功能的方法”能够很好地衔接上文，并引出下文将要介绍的保持大脑功能的方法。故选E。 10. 根据上文“scientists have found that brainy activities stimulate new connections between nerve cells and may even help the brain generate new cells. (科学家发现，用脑的活动会刺激神经细胞之间的新连接，甚至可能帮助大脑产生新的细胞)”可推测出，空处应该进一步说明用脑活动对大脑的好处。选项F“任何刺激大脑的活动都有助于锻炼你的大脑”符合语境。故选F。 11. 根据本段的小标题“Get physical exercise. (进行体育锻炼)”可知，本段主要介绍的是体育锻炼对大脑的好处。选项D“研究表明使用你的肌肉有助于你的大脑”符合语境。故选D。 12. 根据下文“Good nutrition can help your mind as well as your body. (良好的营养对你的大脑和身体都有帮助)”可知，本段主要介绍的是改善饮食对大脑的好处，所以本段的小标题应该是A项“改善你的饮食”。故选A。 13. 根据本段的小标题是“Care for your emotions. (关心你的情绪)”可知，本段主要介绍的是情绪对大脑的影响。结合上文“Neglecting your emotional well-being can have a profound impact on your ability to think clearly, make decisions, and maintain a high level of mental sharpness. (忽视你的情绪健康会对你清晰思考、做出决定和保持高度思维敏捷的能力产生深远影响)”可推测出，空处应该会提到积极的情绪对大脑的好处。选项G“积极的情绪可以减轻压力，改善你的心理健康”能够很好地衔接上文。故选G。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高二上·甘肃白银·阶段练习）I have been in love with Yoga since I joined the Yoga club at university. The practice of Yoga can lead to a(n) 14 between mind and body. In the training, there is a 15 position that has been one of my favorite poses. Each time I participate in this practice, I feel a deep sense of 16 with all those in the group. Instead of standing alone, the students stand in a 17 close enough for us to hold hands. Each of us gives and 18 trust and support from one to another. As a unit we move our 19 to one foot, resting the other foot against our ankle or our leg muscle. Then slowly we 20 the hand position so that we are palm to palm (掌心相对). We 21 our arms up and our hands form a shape of crown (王冠) above our heads. A slight 22 may start at first due to losing the balance, but soon we realize we have the 23 of each person in the circle, trusting them to protect us from 24 . We feel a sense of security, closing our eyes knowing we are 25 . In time we return to standing on two feet before changing to 26 on the other foot. As we finish, there is a moment of silence for us to 27 absorb the love and support we have received. Balance with support makes standing together 28 in community. So much better than standing alone. 14. A. competition B. conflict C. harmony D. adjustment 15. A. lying B. standing C. jumping D. sliding 16. A. pride B. belonging C. patience D. connection 17. A. circle B. line C. crowd D. corner 18. A. receives B. offers C. assumes D. affords 19. A. pain B. attention C. weight D. direction 20. A. improve B. change C. locate D. challenge 21. A. tighten B. loose C. wave D. raise 22. A. shake B. touch C. hug D. noise 23. A. honor B. support C. praise D. respect 24. A. failing B. releasing C. injuring D. falling 25. A. safe B. confident C. reliable D. independent 26. A. struggling B. dancing C. skating D. balancing 27. A. secretly B. individually C. eventually D. purposely 28. A. popular B. unique C. strong D. effective 【答案】 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】体育健身 、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了瑜伽练习带来的身心和谐与团队支持。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑜伽的练习可以使身心达到和谐。A. competition竞争；B. conflict冲突；C. harmony和谐；D. adjustment调整。根据后文“between mind and body”可知，瑜伽可以使身心达到和谐。故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在训练中，有一个站立姿势是我最喜欢的姿势之一。A. lying躺；B. standing站立；C. jumping跳跃；D. sliding滑行。根据后文“Instead of standing alone, the students stand in”可知，此处指站立姿势。故选B。 16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我参加这项练习，我都感到与小组里的每个人都有一种深深的联系。A. pride骄傲；B. belonging归属感；C. patience耐心；D. connection联系。根据后文“with all those in the group”可知，此处指与小组里的每个人都有一种深深的联系。故选D。 17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学员们不是独自站立，而是站成一个圈，彼此靠得足够近，可以手拉手。A. circle圈；B. line线；C. crowd人群；D. corner角落。根据后文“each person in the circle”可知，此处指站成一个圈。故选A。 18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人都给予和得到相互之间的信任和支持。A. receives收到，得到；B. offers提供；C. assumes假定；D. affords负担得起。根据后文“trust and support from one to another”可知，此处指给予和得到相互之间的信任和支持。故选A。 19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个整体，我们把身体的重量移到一只脚上，另一只脚靠在我们的脚踝或腿肌肉上。A. pain疼痛；B. attention注意力；C. weight重量；D. direction方向。根据后文“to one foot, resting the other foot against our ankle or our leg muscle”可知，此处指把身体的重量移到一只脚上。故选C。 20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们改变手的位置，使掌心相对。A. improve提高；B. change改变；C. locate定位；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“the hand position so that we are palm to palm”可知，此处指改变手的位置。故选B。 21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们举起双臂，双手在我们头上形成一个王冠的形状。A. tighten收紧；B. loose松开；C. wave挥手；D. raise举起。根据后文“our arms up”可知，此处指举起双臂。故选D。 22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始可能会因为失去平衡而有点摇晃，但很快我们就意识到，在这个圈子里，我们每个人都有彼此的支持，相信他们会保护我们免受摔倒的伤害。A. shake摇晃；B. touch触摸；C. hug拥抱；D. noise噪音。根据后文“due to losing the balance”可知，此处指因为失去平衡而有点摇晃。故选A。 23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始可能会因为失去平衡而有点摇晃，但很快我们就意识到，在这个圈子里，我们每个人都有彼此的支持，相信他们会保护我们免受摔倒的伤害。A. honor荣誉；B. support支持；C. praise赞扬；D. respect尊重。根据后文“trusting them to protect us”可知，此处指我们每个人都有彼此的支持。故选B。 24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始可能会因为失去平衡而有点摇晃，但很快我们就意识到，在这个圈子里，我们每个人都有彼此的支持，相信他们会保护我们免受摔倒的伤害。A. failing失败；B. releasing释放；C. injuring受伤；D. falling摔倒。根据上文“due to losing the balance”可知，此处指免受摔倒的伤害。故选D。 25. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们感到一种安全感，闭上眼睛，知道自己很安全。A. safe安全的；B. confident自信的；C. reliable可靠的；D. independent独立的。根据前文“trusting them to protect us”可知，此处指知道自己很安全。故选A。 26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们会回到双脚站立的状态，然后再换成用另一只脚保持平衡。A. struggling挣扎；B. dancing跳舞；C. skating滑冰；D. balancing平衡。根据后文“on the other foot”可知，此处指用另一只脚保持平衡。故选D。 27. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们结束时，我们会有一刻的沉默，以便我们能够独自吸收我们所接受的爱和支持。A. secretly秘密地；B. individually独自地；C. eventually最终；D. purposely故意地。根据前文“there is a moment of silence for us”和后文“absorb the love and support we have received”可知，此处指大家沉默地独自吸收所接受的爱和支持。故选B。 28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了支持，平衡使我们在社区中团结起来变得坚强。A. popular流行的；B. unique独特的；C. strong强壮的，坚强的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“Balance with support makes standing together”可知，有了支持，平衡使我们在社区中团结起来变得坚强。故选C。 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高二上·河北保定·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, “premade food(预制菜) in schools” 29 (lead) to extensive debates. 30 shift from restaurant to family dining tables in the past two years, has rapidly brought premade food to the mass consumer market. The issue initially surfaced when videos were posted by several parents of primary and secondary school students in Jiangxi 31 (express) their concerns about the slow delivery and poor quality of the meals 32 (provide) by the local central kitchen to students. Parents were worried that the meal distribution from the central kitchen might include premade food. 33 some parents began questioning was the source of school meals. They were anxious about it, a few of 34 even brought their children’s lunches to the school gates. The doubts have also raised 35 (concern) about the reliability of meal distribution by central kitchens in primary and secondary schools. 36 (consequent), many people are appealing 37 schools to return to running their own cafeterias. Some parents express their opposition to premade food in schools and firmly suggest that children 38 (guarantee) freshly cooked and reliable lunches. Ju Shang, the deputy secretary of Jiangsu Province Consumer Council emphasized that elementary and middle school students have the same rights to be informed and make choices. 【答案】 29. has led 30. A 31. to express 32. provided 33. What 34. whom 35. concerns 36. Consequently 37. to 38. should be guaranteed/be guaranteed 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】健康饮食 、社会问题与社会现象 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述预制菜进入学校引发争议，家长担忧其质量和安全性，呼吁学校恢复自营食堂，确保学生午餐的新鲜可靠。 29. 考查动词时态。句意：最近，“学校预制菜”引发了广泛的争论。根据时间状语Recently可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语“premade food(预制菜)”为单数，助动词应用has。故填has led。 30. 考查冠词。句意：在过去两年里，从餐馆到家庭餐桌的转变，迅速使预制菜进入大众消费市场。此处表示“一种从餐馆到家庭餐桌的转变”，shift为可数名词，此处表示泛指，同时该单词首字母为辅音音素，故用不定冠词a，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填A。 31. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个问题最初是由江西几位中小学生的家长上传的视频引起的，他们表达了对当地中央厨房为学生提供的饭菜配送缓慢、质量差的担忧。句中were posted为谓语动词，设空处应填非谓语动词，此处使用不定式结构作目的状语。故填to express。 32. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中were posted为谓语动词，设空处应填非谓语动词，provide与逻辑主语meals之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填provided。 33. 考查名词性从句。句意：一些家长开始质疑的是学校餐食的来源。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代物用what，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填What。 34. 考查定语从句。句意：他们很担心，其中一些人甚至把孩子吃的午饭带到了学校门口。设空处引导定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，表示“他们中的一些人”指代人，故应用whom。故填whom。 35. 考查名词复数。句意：这些质疑也引发了人们对中小学中央厨房配餐可靠性的担忧。设空处应填名词作宾语，concern意为“担心的事”时为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填concerns。 36. 考查副词。句意：因此，许多人呼吁学校恢复自营食堂。设空处应填副词修饰整个句子，作状语，consequently意为“因此”，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Consequently。 37. 考查介词。句意同上。appeal to sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“呼吁某人做某事”。故填to。 38. 考查虚拟语气。句意：一些家长反对学校提供预制菜，并坚决建议孩子们应该保证吃到新鲜可靠的午餐。suggest后接宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略。主语children与guarantee之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。故填should be guaranteed/be guaranteed。 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 39. （22-23高二下·广西·阶段练习）假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary想知道如何保持健康。请你结合以下建议，就How to keep healthy这个话题给她写一封信。 1. 合理、健康的饮食；2. 适当的锻炼；3. 充足的睡眠和休息。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mary, I am very glad to learn that you want to know how to keep healthy. So I am writing to offer you some suggestions. To begin with, it is a good idea to keep a healthy and balanced diet. You know, we are what we eat. A variety of food can provide us with different nutrients that our body needs. What’s more, we should also take exercise regularly. As the saying goes, life lies in movement. Last but not least, we ought to get enough rest and sleep, which will be good for our body. I hope you will find these suggestions useful. Yours, Li Hua 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】个人保健、申请/请求/建议 【详解】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就How to keep healthy这个话题给英国笔友Mary写一封信。 1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad →delighted 健康的：healthy →fit 建议：suggestion →advice 首先：To begin with →Firstly 2. 句式拓展 句式转换 原句：So I am writing to offer you some suggestions. 拓展句：So I am writing to offer you some suggestions, which I hope can be beneficial for you. 【点睛】[高分句型1] A variety of food can provide us with different nutrients that our body needs. (运用了that引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] Last but not least, we ought to get enough rest and sleep, which will be good for our body. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第二部分 弯道超车 选择性必修第三册 2025高二寒假作业 每天80分钟 学习测试版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. tobacco n. 烟草；烟叶 2. cue n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示) 3. facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 4. escalator n. 自动扶梯；滚梯 5. surgeon n. 外科医生 6. surgery n. 外科手术；外科学 7. liberation n. 解放；摆脱 8. beard n. 胡须；络腮胡子 9. flu n. 流感 10. nut n. 坚果 11. skateboard n. 滑板 vi. 滑滑板 12. bowling n. 保龄球运动 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. abuse n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 2. dominate vt. & vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 3. negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的 4. discipline n. 自制力；纪律；学科 vt. 自我控制；管教；处罚 5. pill n. 药片；药丸 6. delete v. 删去；删除 7. shave vi. ，vt. & n. 剃(须发)；刮脸 8. cigarette n. 香烟；卷烟 9. drug n. 毒品；药物 10. skip vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳 11. dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的 12. stimulate vt. 激发；促进；刺激 13. dentist n. 牙科医生 14. dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的 15. comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目 16. monthly adv. & adj. 每月；每月一次的 n. 月刊 17. enhance vt. 提高；增强；增进 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. alcohol n. 酒；酒精→alcoholic adj. (含)酒精的 n. 酗酒者 2. physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→physically adv. 身体上；肉体上 3. repeatedly adv. 重复地→repeat vt. 重复→repeated adj. 重复的→repetition n. 重复 4. psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj. 心理(学)的→psychologist n. 心理学家 5. reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬→rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的；报酬高的 6. rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的 7. examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验→examination n. 考试(＝exam)；检查；审查 8. pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→pessimism n. 悲观主义 9. compose vt. & vi. 组成；作曲；撰写→composition n. 组成；作曲；作文→composer n. 作曲家 10. disturb vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼→disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的 11. specialist n. 专科医生；专家→special adj. 特别的；专门的→specially adv. 特别地；专门→specialize vt. 专门研究；专门从事 12. consultant n. 顾问；高级顾问医师→consult vt. & vi. 请教；咨询 vt. 查阅；参看 13. sugary adj. 含糖的；甜的→sugar n. 糖 14. refresh vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→refreshing adj. 令人振奋的→refreshment n. 焕发精神；恢复活力 15. absorb vt. 吸引全部注意力；吸收→absorbed adj. 专心致志的；全神贯注的 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. in response to回答；答复 2. rely on/upon依赖；依靠；信赖 3. straight away立即；马上 4. decide on/upon决定；选定 5. make up one’s mind下定决心 6. be composed of由……组成(或构成)的 7. shave off剃掉；刮去 8. stressed out焦虑不安；心力交瘁 9. worn out筋疲力尽的；疲惫的 10. after all毕竟；终究 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. (不定式作主语) 防止此类有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。 2. For young people，there is plenty of time to change bad habits. (There be＋n. ＋to do... ) 对于年轻人来说，有大量的时间来改变不良习惯。 3. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits！(形容词短语作后置定语) 你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快乐、健康的生活！ 4. Whenever I went out with friends，I brought snacks from home，things that didn’t have any added sugar: fruit，nuts，dried meat，etc. (whenever引导的让步状语从句) 每次和朋友们出去时，我都会从家里带些零食，这些零食没有添加任何糖分：水果、坚果、肉干等。 5. Best of all，in my opinion，is how I feel about myself. (how引导的表语从句) 在我看来，最棒的是我对自己的感觉。 6. I get refreshed through climbing，spend more time with my dad，and get to meet new friends. (get＋过去分词) 通过攀岩，我重新焕发了活力，花更多的时间和爸爸在一起，并开始结识新朋友。 晨检得分 _______/_______ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分) 1. surgery n. _________________ 2. cue n. _________________ vt. _________________ 3. facilitate vt. _________________ 4. flu n. _________________ 5. liberation n. _________________ Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1. 5分，共12分) 1. _________________ n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 2. _________________ vt. & vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 3. _________________ vt. 激发；促进；刺激 4. _________________ n. 自制力；纪律；学科 vt. 自我控制；管教；处罚 5. _________________ adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的 6. _________________ vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳 7. _________________ vt. 提高；增强；增进 8. _________________ adv. & adj. 每月；每月一次的 n. 月刊 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1. _________________ n. 酒；酒精→_________________ adj. (含)酒精的 n. 酗酒者 2. _________________ adv. 重复地→_________________ vt. 重复→_________________ adj. 重复的→_________________ n. 重复 3. _________________ vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验→_________________ n. 考试(＝exam)；检查；审查 4. _________________ adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→_________________ n. 悲观主义 5. _________________ vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→_________________ adj. 令人振奋的→_________________ n. 焕发精神；恢复活力 Ⅳ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1. _________________焦虑不安；心力交瘁 2. _________________毕竟；终究 3. _________________立即；马上 4. _________________剃掉；刮去 5. _________________下定决心 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1. Those who have a good knowledge of _________________ are called _________________，who can handle _________________ problems with ease. (psychology) 2. You will be _________________ with a Chinese dictionary for your _________________ suggestions on how to strengthen my confidence. (reward) 3. His new _________________ that he _________________ last week attracted lots of attention，which was beyond our expectations. (compose) 4. What made me annoyed was that the _________________ noise outside completely _________________ my mind. (disturb) 5. The welcome party is _________________ held for the _________________ who _________________ in surgery. (special) 6. People must turn to experienced _________________ for help to _________________ on some professional problems. (consult) 7. Although I am _________________ in all the materials，I still have difficulty _________________ them all at once. (absorb) 8. He regards me as his _________________ friend and _________________ on me to offer him some good advice. (rely) 9. Don’t consume so many _________________ foods because too much _________________ is harmful to our health. (sugar) 10. To keep _________________ healthy，you should participate in more _________________ activities. (physical) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题3分，共18分) 1. Now that you have _________________ to overcome your shortcomings，take action now. 2. _________________ the audience’s great demands，the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. 3. He always _________________ his best friend to help him solve whatever difficulties he comes across in his daily life. 4. As a matter of fact，these birds are in danger of being _________________ by singing too much on a daily basis. 5. Whatever you want to learn，_________________ your goal before you make a plan is the most important. 6. Whoever knows what water _________________ can raise your hand and tell me your answer. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分) 1. 爱与被爱是这个世界上最大的幸福。(不定式作主语) ________________________________________________ 2. 我的新学校有许多要探索的东西，因此，我怀着极大的好奇心到处闲逛。(There be＋n. ＋to do... ) ________________________________________________，so I wander around with great curiosity. 3. 任何对唐诗感兴趣的学生都可以报名参加这门旨在提高学生对唐诗的理解的选修课程。(形容词短语作后置定语) Any student ________________________________________________ can sign up for the optional course designed to enhance students’ understanding of Tang poetry. 4. 无论何时他看到我，他都会以灿烂的笑容和我打招呼。(whenever引导的让步状语从句) ________________________________________________，he will greet me with a bright smile. 5. 现在最紧迫的问题是我们如何才能摆脱我们内心深处的恐惧以及如何克服目前的挑战。(how引导的表语从句) Now the most urgent problem is ________________________________________________. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与自然之水与人体健康的关系 说明文 534 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之项西班牙研究发现，活力、决心、智力和坚韧等核心人格特质与百岁老人的长寿密切相关 说明文 496 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之保持大脑功能的一些方法 说明文 325 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之瑜伽练习带来的身心和谐与团队支持 记叙文 466 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之预制菜进入学校引发争议 说明文 208 适中(0. 65) 应用文写作 考生就How to keep healthy这个话题给英国笔友Mary写一封信 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25高二上·新疆·阶段练习）“An apple a day keeps the doctor away. ” Similarly, if we drink a little more water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and a great many different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber, without giving us too much fat and sugar. But why is water important? The human body needs water to stay alive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. However, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water, much more than the small amount we need to stay alive. Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems starts as a result of dehydration-a lack of water in the body. Most people are dehydrated at least some of time, although they probably don’t know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first period of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty. These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma could be avoided if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are overweight. Water has no calories so it will not make us put on weight. If we drink water, we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks such as Coca-Cola. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water. There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to see the doctor completely. However, if we make a decision to drink water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. 1. From paragraph1, we can learn that ______. A. some doctors don’t like apples. B. we get energy and fiber from healthy foods. C. it is very important to save money. D. Healthy foods give us a lot of fat and sugar. 2. The word “asthma” in Paragraph 4 is most probably a kind of ______. A. food. B. illness. C. drink. D. medicine. 3. Lack of water causes people to put on weight because ______. A. water has no calories. B. It makes them hungry. C. They think they are thirsty and eat less. D. They think they are hungry and eat too much. 4. Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage? A. Fruit provides us with energy and fibre. B. The amount of water a person should drink in a day. C. Drinking more water may stop people from overeating. D. Some health problems stat because of a lack of water. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. B 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】个人保健、科普知识 、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水与人体健康的关系，告诉我们要每天多饮水，让身体处于健康状态。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber, without giving us too much fat and sugar. (我们知道像水果、蔬菜和鱼类这样的健康食品很重要，因为它们为我们提供能量和纤维，且不会给我们过多的脂肪和糖分。)”可知，我们能从健康食品中获取能量和纤维。故选B项。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第四段“These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma could be avoided if people drink more water. (这些医生认为，如果人们多喝水，像头痛、高血压和 这样的健康问题是可以避免的。)”可知，此处列举的都是健康问题相关的词汇，所以“asthma”最有可能是一种疾病。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. (医生们还认为，多喝水可能会阻止人们暴饮暴食。他们说，很多人以为自己饿了，其实是渴了。)”可知，缺水时人们会误以为自己饿了，从而吃得过多导致体重增加。故选D项。 4. 细节理解题。由文中可知，A选项“水果为我们提供能量和纤维”，第一段“We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber(我们知道像水果、蔬菜和鱼类这样的健康食品很重要，因为它们为我们提供能量和纤维)”有提及；C选项“多喝水可能会阻止人们暴饮暴食”，第四段“Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. (医生们还认为，多喝水可以防止人们暴饮暴食。)”有体现；D选项“一些健康问题因缺水而起”，第三段“They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems starts as a result of dehydration-a lack of water in the body. (他们认为，许多疾病和健康问题都是由于脱水引起的，即体内缺水。)” 有说明。而文中未提到一个人一天应该喝多少水，所以B选项符合题意。故选B项。 B （23-24高二上·湖南永州·期末）Certain personalities may help centenarians (百岁老人) reach their advanced age, according to a Spanish study. Lola Merino at the Complutense University of Madrid and her colleagues interviewed 16 women and three men aged between 100 and 107 years across Spain. Detailed analysis of the interviews identified 35 positive personalities in total, eight of which the team considered to be “central” because they were shared by most of the 19 interviewees. One of these central personalities was vitality, defined as being energetic and participating in activities. One 100-year-old woman told the team how she was staying aged 98 and stays active by giving up elevators and walking up stairs. Commitment to various goals was another personality, with one “very determined” 101-year-old woman recalling an incident four years ago when she broke her hip and was walking unaided only a month or so later. Intelligence, including a good memory and past academic successes, and being in control and able to make your own decisions were other shared personalities. A 100-year-old woman sand: “I’ve always followed my own judgement, even though others told me no, and time has proved me right. ” Finally, the researchers picked up on the participants’ resilience (恢复力). A 101-year-old man said, “I was very close to my wife; I was 97 when she passed away. At first, I was bad off, but then I thought that you have to be strong. ” The study also included centenarians from Spain, but Sunil Bhar, who directs a well-being clinic for older people in Melbourne, Australia, says he sees many of the same personalities. In particular, strong relationships and a “can-do” attitude appear to be important, probably by helping prevent depression, he says. Depression has been linked to a compromised (受损的) immune system and even dementia (痴呆), says Bhar. According to Merino, there are some ways to build up these personalities for people who lack them. 5. How are the “central” personalities illustrated in the passage? A. By giving examples. B. By listing numbers. C. By making predictions. D. By making comparisons. 6. Who is most likely to reach his or her advanced age according to the passage? A. A man who seldom takes part in activities. B. A man who always follows others’ judgement. C. A woman who has achieved academic successes. D. A woman who rarely commits herself to her goals. 7. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Personalities Linked to Long Life B. Vitality Contributing to Long Life C. Centenarians Living in Spain D. Advice Given by Centenarians 8. What might the author continue talking about? A. How to deal with depression. B. How to develop a “can-do” attitude. C. How to build up strong personal relationships. D. How to develop personalities related to long life. 【答案】5. A 6. C 7. A 8. D 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】个人保健、科普知识 、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项西班牙研究发现，活力、决心、智力和坚韧等核心人格特质与百岁老人的长寿密切相关，且研究认为这些特质可以通过后天培养。 5. 推理判断题。根据第三段“One of these central personalities was vitality, defined as being energetic and participating in activities. One 100-year-old woman told the team how she was staying aged 98 and stays active by giving up elevators and walking up stairs. Commitment to various goals was another personality, with one “very determined” 101-year-old woman recalling an incident four years ago when she broke her hip and was walking unaided only a month or so later. Intelligence, including a good memory and past academic successes, and being in control and able to make your own decisions were other shared personalities. A 100-year-old woman sand: “I’ve always followed my own judgement, even though others told me no, and time has proved me right. ” (这些核心人格之一是活力，被定义为精力充沛和参与活动。一位100岁的老妇人告诉团队，她是如何活到98岁，并通过不坐电梯和爬楼梯来保持活力的。对各种目标的执着是另一个性格特征，一位“非常坚定”的101岁老妇人回忆起四年前的一件事，当时她摔断了臀部，大约一个月后就能独立行走了。智力，包括良好的记忆力和过去的学术成就，以及控制和能够自己做决定是其他共同的性格。一位百岁老妇人说：“我一直遵循自己的判断，即使别人告诉我不，时间也证明了我是对的。”)”可推知，文章通过三个具体例子说明了核心性格特质。故选A项。 6. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Intelligence, including a good memory and past academic successes, and being in control and able to make your own decisions were other shared personalities. (智力，包括良好的记忆力和过去的学术成就，以及控制和能够自己做决定是其他共同的性格)”可知，智力是百岁老人共有的核心性格特质之一。由此推知，一个有学术成就的女性更有可能长寿。故选C项。 7. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Certain personalities may help centenarians (百岁老人) reach their advanced age, according to a Spanish study. (根据西班牙的一项研究，某些性格可能会帮助百岁老人长寿)”可知，文章主要探讨了与长寿相关的核心性格特质，如活力、决心、智力和坚韧等。由此可知，A项“Personalities Linked to Long Life(与长寿相关的性格特质)”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的末句“According to Merino, there are some ways to build up these personalities for people who lack them. (根据Merino的说法，有一些方法可以帮助缺乏这些个性的人建立这些个性)”可知，这些个性是可以通过方法建立起来的。由此推知，作者接下来可能会继续讨论如何发展与长寿相关的性格特质。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高二上·福建南平·期中）Every brain changes with age, and mental function changes along with it. Mental decline is common, and it’s one of the most feared consequences of aging. But cognitive (认知的) damage is not unavoidable. 9 . Get mental stimulation Through research with mice and humans, scientists have found that brainy activities stimulate new connections between nerve cells and may even help the brain generate new cells. 10 Read, take courses, and try “mental gymnastics,” such as word puzzles or math problems that require mental effort like drawing, painting, and other crafts. Get physical exercise 11 . People who exercise regularly increase the number of tiny blood vessels that bring oxygen- rich blood to the region of the brain that is responsible for thought. Exercise also spurs the development of new nerve cells and increases the connections between brain cells. 12 Good nutrition can help your mind as well as your body. For example, people that eat a Mediterranean style diet that emphasizes fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts, unsaturated oils (olive oil) and plant sources of proteins are less likely to develop cognitive impairment and dementia. In this way, both your blood sugar and blood pressure will be in good control. Care for your emotions People who are anxious, depressed, sleep-deprived, or exhausted tend to score poorly on cognitive function tests. Immediate actions should be taken to prevent cognitive decline. Neglecting your emotional well-being can have a profound impact on your ability to think clearly, make decisions, and maintain a high level of mental sharpness. 13 . A. Improve your diet. B. Improve your blood sugar. C. Enough sleep is of great importance for brain. D. Research shows that using your muscles helps your mind. E. Here are some ways you can help maintain brain function. F. Any mentally stimulating activity helps to build up your brain. G. Positive moods can reduce stress improved your mental health. 【答案】9. E 10. F 11. D 12. A 13. G 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】个人保健、方法/策略 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持大脑功能的一些方法。 9. 根据上文“But cognitive damage is not unavoidable. (但认知损伤并不是不可避免的)”可推测出，下文应该会介绍一些避免认知损伤的方法。选项E“以下是一些帮助你保持大脑功能的方法”能够很好地衔接上文，并引出下文将要介绍的保持大脑功能的方法。故选E。 10. 根据上文“scientists have found that brainy activities stimulate new connections between nerve cells and may even help the brain generate new cells. (科学家发现，用脑的活动会刺激神经细胞之间的新连接，甚至可能帮助大脑产生新的细胞)”可推测出，空处应该进一步说明用脑活动对大脑的好处。选项F“任何刺激大脑的活动都有助于锻炼你的大脑”符合语境。故选F。 11. 根据本段的小标题“Get physical exercise. (进行体育锻炼)”可知，本段主要介绍的是体育锻炼对大脑的好处。选项D“研究表明使用你的肌肉有助于你的大脑”符合语境。故选D。 12. 根据下文“Good nutrition can help your mind as well as your body. (良好的营养对你的大脑和身体都有帮助)”可知，本段主要介绍的是改善饮食对大脑的好处，所以本段的小标题应该是A项“改善你的饮食”。故选A。 13. 根据本段的小标题是“Care for your emotions. (关心你的情绪)”可知，本段主要介绍的是情绪对大脑的影响。结合上文“Neglecting your emotional well-being can have a profound impact on your ability to think clearly, make decisions, and maintain a high level of mental sharpness. (忽视你的情绪健康会对你清晰思考、做出决定和保持高度思维敏捷的能力产生深远影响)”可推测出，空处应该会提到积极的情绪对大脑的好处。选项G“积极的情绪可以减轻压力，改善你的心理健康”能够很好地衔接上文。故选G。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高二上·甘肃白银·阶段练习）I have been in love with Yoga since I joined the Yoga club at university. The practice of Yoga can lead to a(n) 14 between mind and body. In the training, there is a 15 position that has been one of my favorite poses. Each time I participate in this practice, I feel a deep sense of 16 with all those in the group. Instead of standing alone, the students stand in a 17 close enough for us to hold hands. Each of us gives and 18 trust and support from one to another. As a unit we move our 19 to one foot, resting the other foot against our ankle or our leg muscle. Then slowly we 20 the hand position so that we are palm to palm (掌心相对). We 21 our arms up and our hands form a shape of crown (王冠) above our heads. A slight 22 may start at first due to losing the balance, but soon we realize we have the 23 of each person in the circle, trusting them to protect us from 24 . We feel a sense of security, closing our eyes knowing we are 25 . In time we return to standing on two feet before changing to 26 on the other foot. As we finish, there is a moment of silence for us to 27 absorb the love and support we have received. Balance with support makes standing together 28 in community. So much better than standing alone. 14. A. competition B. conflict C. harmony D. adjustment 15. A. lying B. standing C. jumping D. sliding 16. A. pride B. belonging C. patience D. connection 17. A. circle B. line C. crowd D. corner 18. A. receives B. offers C. assumes D. affords 19. A. pain B. attention C. weight D. direction 20. A. improve B. change C. locate D. challenge 21. A. tighten B. loose C. wave D. raise 22. A. shake B. touch C. hug D. noise 23. A. honor B. support C. praise D. respect 24. A. failing B. releasing C. injuring D. falling 25. A. safe B. confident C. reliable D. independent 26. A. struggling B. dancing C. skating D. balancing 27. A. secretly B. individually C. eventually D. purposely 28. A. popular B. unique C. strong D. effective 【答案】 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】体育健身 、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了瑜伽练习带来的身心和谐与团队支持。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑜伽的练习可以使身心达到和谐。A. competition竞争；B. conflict冲突；C. harmony和谐；D. adjustment调整。根据后文“between mind and body”可知，瑜伽可以使身心达到和谐。故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在训练中，有一个站立姿势是我最喜欢的姿势之一。A. lying躺；B. standing站立；C. jumping跳跃；D. sliding滑行。根据后文“Instead of standing alone, the students stand in”可知，此处指站立姿势。故选B。 16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我参加这项练习，我都感到与小组里的每个人都有一种深深的联系。A. pride骄傲；B. belonging归属感；C. patience耐心；D. connection联系。根据后文“with all those in the group”可知，此处指与小组里的每个人都有一种深深的联系。故选D。 17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学员们不是独自站立，而是站成一个圈，彼此靠得足够近，可以手拉手。A. circle圈；B. line线；C. crowd人群；D. corner角落。根据后文“each person in the circle”可知，此处指站成一个圈。故选A。 18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人都给予和得到相互之间的信任和支持。A. receives收到，得到；B. offers提供；C. assumes假定；D. affords负担得起。根据后文“trust and support from one to another”可知，此处指给予和得到相互之间的信任和支持。故选A。 19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个整体，我们把身体的重量移到一只脚上，另一只脚靠在我们的脚踝或腿肌肉上。A. pain疼痛；B. attention注意力；C. weight重量；D. direction方向。根据后文“to one foot, resting the other foot against our ankle or our leg muscle”可知，此处指把身体的重量移到一只脚上。故选C。 20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们改变手的位置，使掌心相对。A. improve提高；B. change改变；C. locate定位；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“the hand position so that we are palm to palm”可知，此处指改变手的位置。故选B。 21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们举起双臂，双手在我们头上形成一个王冠的形状。A. tighten收紧；B. loose松开；C. wave挥手；D. raise举起。根据后文“our arms up”可知，此处指举起双臂。故选D。 22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始可能会因为失去平衡而有点摇晃，但很快我们就意识到，在这个圈子里，我们每个人都有彼此的支持，相信他们会保护我们免受摔倒的伤害。A. shake摇晃；B. touch触摸；C. hug拥抱；D. noise噪音。根据后文“due to losing the balance”可知，此处指因为失去平衡而有点摇晃。故选A。 23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始可能会因为失去平衡而有点摇晃，但很快我们就意识到，在这个圈子里，我们每个人都有彼此的支持，相信他们会保护我们免受摔倒的伤害。A. honor荣誉；B. support支持；C. praise赞扬；D. respect尊重。根据后文“trusting them to protect us”可知，此处指我们每个人都有彼此的支持。故选B。 24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始可能会因为失去平衡而有点摇晃，但很快我们就意识到，在这个圈子里，我们每个人都有彼此的支持，相信他们会保护我们免受摔倒的伤害。A. failing失败；B. releasing释放；C. injuring受伤；D. falling摔倒。根据上文“due to losing the balance”可知，此处指免受摔倒的伤害。故选D。 25. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们感到一种安全感，闭上眼睛，知道自己很安全。A. safe安全的；B. confident自信的；C. reliable可靠的；D. independent独立的。根据前文“trusting them to protect us”可知，此处指知道自己很安全。故选A。 26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们会回到双脚站立的状态，然后再换成用另一只脚保持平衡。A. struggling挣扎；B. dancing跳舞；C. skating滑冰；D. balancing平衡。根据后文“on the other foot”可知，此处指用另一只脚保持平衡。故选D。 27. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们结束时，我们会有一刻的沉默，以便我们能够独自吸收我们所接受的爱和支持。A. secretly秘密地；B. individually独自地；C. eventually最终；D. purposely故意地。根据前文“there is a moment of silence for us”和后文“absorb the love and support we have received”可知，此处指大家沉默地独自吸收所接受的爱和支持。故选B。 28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了支持，平衡使我们在社区中团结起来变得坚强。A. popular流行的；B. unique独特的；C. strong强壮的，坚强的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“Balance with support makes standing together”可知，有了支持，平衡使我们在社区中团结起来变得坚强。故选C。 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高二上·河北保定·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, “premade food(预制菜) in schools” 29 (lead) to extensive debates. 30 shift from restaurant to family dining tables in the past two years, has rapidly brought premade food to the mass consumer market. The issue initially surfaced when videos were posted by several parents of primary and secondary school students in Jiangxi 31 (express) their concerns about the slow delivery and poor quality of the meals 32 (provide) by the local central kitchen to students. Parents were worried that the meal distribution from the central kitchen might include premade food. 33 some parents began questioning was the source of school meals. They were anxious about it, a few of 34 even brought their children’s lunches to the school gates. The doubts have also raised 35 (concern) about the reliability of meal distribution by central kitchens in primary and secondary schools. 36 (consequent), many people are appealing 37 schools to return to running their own cafeterias. Some parents express their opposition to premade food in schools and firmly suggest that children 38 (guarantee) freshly cooked and reliable lunches. Ju Shang, the deputy secretary of Jiangsu Province Consumer Council emphasized that elementary and middle school students have the same rights to be informed and make choices. 【答案】 29. has led 30. A 31. to express 32. provided 33. What 34. whom 35. concerns 36. Consequently 37. to 38. should be guaranteed/be guaranteed 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】健康饮食 、社会问题与社会现象 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述预制菜进入学校引发争议，家长担忧其质量和安全性，呼吁学校恢复自营食堂，确保学生午餐的新鲜可靠。 29. 考查动词时态。句意：最近，“学校预制菜”引发了广泛的争论。根据时间状语Recently可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语“premade food(预制菜)”为单数，助动词应用has。故填has led。 30. 考查冠词。句意：在过去两年里，从餐馆到家庭餐桌的转变，迅速使预制菜进入大众消费市场。此处表示“一种从餐馆到家庭餐桌的转变”，shift为可数名词，此处表示泛指，同时该单词首字母为辅音音素，故用不定冠词a，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填A。 31. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个问题最初是由江西几位中小学生的家长上传的视频引起的，他们表达了对当地中央厨房为学生提供的饭菜配送缓慢、质量差的担忧。句中were posted为谓语动词，设空处应填非谓语动词，此处使用不定式结构作目的状语。故填to express。 32. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中were posted为谓语动词，设空处应填非谓语动词，provide与逻辑主语meals之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填provided。 33. 考查名词性从句。句意：一些家长开始质疑的是学校餐食的来源。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代物用what，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填What。 34. 考查定语从句。句意：他们很担心，其中一些人甚至把孩子吃的午饭带到了学校门口。设空处引导定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，表示“他们中的一些人”指代人，故应用whom。故填whom。 35. 考查名词复数。句意：这些质疑也引发了人们对中小学中央厨房配餐可靠性的担忧。设空处应填名词作宾语，concern意为“担心的事”时为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填concerns。 36. 考查副词。句意：因此，许多人呼吁学校恢复自营食堂。设空处应填副词修饰整个句子，作状语，consequently意为“因此”，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Consequently。 37. 考查介词。句意同上。appeal to sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“呼吁某人做某事”。故填to。 38. 考查虚拟语气。句意：一些家长反对学校提供预制菜，并坚决建议孩子们应该保证吃到新鲜可靠的午餐。suggest后接宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略。主语children与guarantee之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。故填should be guaranteed/be guaranteed。 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 39. （22-23高二下·广西·阶段练习）假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary想知道如何保持健康。请你结合以下建议，就How to keep healthy这个话题给她写一封信。 1. 合理、健康的饮食；2. 适当的锻炼；3. 充足的睡眠和休息。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mary, I am very glad to learn that you want to know how to keep healthy. So I am writing to offer you some suggestions. To begin with, it is a good idea to keep a healthy and balanced diet. You know, we are what we eat. A variety of food can provide us with different nutrients that our body needs. What’s more, we should also take exercise regularly. As the saying goes, life lies in movement. Last but not least, we ought to get enough rest and sleep, which will be good for our body. I hope you will find these suggestions useful. Yours, Li Hua 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】个人保健、申请/请求/建议 【详解】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就How to keep healthy这个话题给英国笔友Mary写一封信。 1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad →delighted 健康的：healthy →fit 建议：suggestion →advice 首先：To begin with →Firstly 2. 句式拓展 句式转换 原句：So I am writing to offer you some suggestions. 拓展句：So I am writing to offer you some suggestions, which I hope can be beneficial for you. 【点睛】[高分句型1] A variety of food can provide us with different nutrients that our body needs. (运用了that引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] Last but not least, we ought to get enough rest and sleep, which will be good for our body. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$