专题4 数词（课件）-2025年中考二轮语法专题复习讲与练

专题四 数词 中考二轮语法专题复习讲与练 目录 02 序数词 01 基数词 03 数词的用法 04 即时训练  数词用来表示人或物的数目多少和顺序。所以数词主要有两种：基数词，用于计数，表示人或物的数目多少。如：one, two…而序数词用于表示位置先后或次序，如：first second… 01 基数词 基数词的构成和读法 1，1-12的构成为独立单词one , two ， three ，four, five, six,seven, eight, nine, ten ,eleven, twelve. 2, 13-19的构成都以后缀-teen结尾，但thirteen，fifteen，eighteen为不规则变化 3, 20-90的构成都以后缀-ty结尾，但twenty，thirty，forty，eighty为不规则变化 4, 21-99的构成是在十位数和个位数之间加连字符-   e.g. 25 twenty-five 5.１０１～９９９的三位数字，由hundred 加and 再加二位数或未位数字，如： 101-one hundred and one, 223-two hundred and twenty-three.四位以上数字，应从个位起向前数三位加逗号，读作thousand,再数三位加第二个逗号，读作million,再数三位加逗号，读作billion，其读法如下： 1001-one thousand and one５３８６-five thousand, three hundred and eighty－six 【注意】 基数词修饰hundred, thousand, million, billion等词时, 这些词要用单数形式; 若与介词of搭配构成短语表示不确定的数目时, 这些词要用复数形式。例如: two hundred students二百名学生 three thousand sheep三千只羊 hundreds of dollars几百美元 millions of workers数百万工人 02 序数词 1，序数词多数由“基数词-th”构成，序数词前一般加定冠词the 2，少数序数词构成属特殊情况 one-first two-second three-third five-fifth eight-eighth nine-ninth  twelve-twelfth 3,以y结尾的十位整数，先将y改为i，再加-eth   e.g. thirty-thirtieth 4,21以上的多位数，要将末位数改为序数词，前面其他位数仍用基数词  e.g. eighty-three—eighty-third  nine hundred and sixty-two—nine hundred and sixty-second 5,序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词的后两个字母构成  e.g. first—1st      second—2nd 【巧学妙记】 基数词变序数词规律 基变序, 有规律, 末尾加上-th。 一、二、三特殊记, 面目全非要注意。 八加h, 九去e, ve要用f替。 逢十改y为ie, 后跟-th莫忘记。 若想表示几十几, 只变个位就可以。 03.数词的用法 1. 编号事物的表示 编号的事物常用“名词+基数词”表示，也可用“序数词+名词”表示；如果数字较大，需用“名词+基数词”表示。如， the ninth unit =Unit 9   World WarⅡ = the second world war ； Room 305  7 2. 年、月、日、时的写法和读法 ① 表示日期用序数词，前面加定冠词  e.g. 3月8日 March the eighth ② 年份一般分为两部分读，先读前两位数，再读后两位数   e.g. 1949 nineteen forty-nine ③ 以上时间合在一起的写法  e.g. 1955年10月1日上午10点  10:00 a.m. October 1st, 1955 3. 分数的表示法 分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分数要在序数词上加s，但１／２用one half, 1/ 4 用a quarter. １/３ 读作one third而 ２ /３ 读作two thirds。 4. 小数、百分数的表示 小数的小数点读作point，零读作oh或zero,小数点后面的数字按个位基数词依次读出。如，  e.g.  6.4 six point four     12.409 twelve point four oh nine 百分数(%)，读作per cent (percent),但不论是多少均用作单数形式不能加s。如，50% 5. 次数，倍数的表示 一倍/次，once，两倍/次twice,而三倍/次以上用序数词加times, 如：He has three times as many books as I have. 04 即时训练 用所给单词的适当形态填空 1. __________(million)of singers took part in the Voice of China, but only a few of them succeeded. 2. It is reported that over eight__________(thousand) people lost their lives in the earthquake in Nepal this year. 3. The__________(two)biggest earthquakes in Nepal have killed more than 8, 000 people. 4. —This is the__________(three)time that I come to Paris. I have been here twice. —Me too. The world is so large that I want to see more of it. 5. Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her________(twelve)birthday. 答案: 1. Millions　2. thousand 3.second 4.third 5.twelfth 6. —Do you know where Mr Smith’s office is? —It’s on the________(five)floor of the tall building across the street. 7. —Have you ever come to Weishan Lake before? —No. This is my________(one)visit to Weishan Lake. 8. The number of the students in his school is about eight__________(hundred). And two__________(three) of them are boys. 9. So far, three__________(quarter)of the students in our class have seen the film. 10. She began to play table tennis in the 1970s, and became famous in her__________(twenty). 答案：6. fifth 7. first 8. hundred; thirds 9. quarters 10. twenties. 11. Boys and girls, please turn to Page__________(five) and look at the__________(five)picture. 12. —What’s the date today? —It’s April the__________(twelve), 2016. 13. The hero of the story is an artist in his__________ (thirty). 14. —How many people will come to visit Zibo next year? —It’s hard to say. __________(million)of people, I think. 15. Come on! We have already done__________(三分之二)of the work. 答案：11. Five; fifth 12. twelfth 13. thirties 14. millions 15. two thirds Thank you for listening! $$