第2部分 专题5 介词(课件PPT)-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册（人教版 广西专用）

2025广西 英 语 课堂精讲册 1 第二部分 语法知识精讲练 一、词类 专题五 介词 2 考点1 介词的基本用法 （单项选择：北部湾经济区：2020.33；完形填空：2023.49；选 词填空：6年3考） 3 ►时间介词（2023.49） 1.at，on与in 介词 用法 示例 at 用在具体某个时刻前 at 7:00 用在正午、午夜前 at noon at midnight 4 介词 用法 示例 on 用在具体某天前（日期或星 期几） on June 1st on Tuesday 用在具体某天上午、下午、 晚上前 on a cold morning 用在具体节日当天前 on National Day 续表 5 介词 用法 示例 in 后接较长的一段时间（如世纪、年份、季节、月份等） in the 21st century in summer 用在泛指的上午、下午、晚 上前 in the morning/afternoon/ evening “in+一段时间”表示“在…… 后”，常与一般将来时连用 in an hour in two days 用于固定搭配中 in the future 续表 6 2.before与after 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 before 在……之前 before 11:00 after 在……之后，与一般将 来时连用时,后接时间点 He’ll come back after 11:00. 在……之后,与一般过去 时连用时,后接时间段 He came back from Canada after three weeks. 7 3.for与since 介词 用法 例句 for （2023. 49） “for+时间段”表示动作延续一段 时间，句子常用现在完成时或过去完成时 I have lived in Nanning for two years. 8 介词 用法 例句 since “since+时间点/since+一段时间+ ago”意为“自……以来”，表示从 过去某个时间点直至现在，句子 用现在完成时或过去完成时 I have lived in this city since2018. I have lived in this city since five years ago. 续表 4.during，by，from与until/till 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 during 在……期间，后接时间段 during these years by 不迟于……；在……之前，后接 将来的时间点时，常与一般将来 时连用；后接过去的时间点时， 常与过去完成时连用 It will be cool by tomorrow morning. We had learned about 1,000 wordsby the end of last term. 10 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 from 从……开始，常和表示时间的介 词to（到……，至……）连用 from Monday to Sunday until/ till 用在肯定句中时，表示“直 到……为止”，谓语动词为延续 性动词；用在否定句中时，表示 “直到……才”，谓语动词为非延 续性动词 I will work here until/till 6:00. I won’t leave here until 6:00. 续表 11 ►方位介词（北部湾经济区：2020.33） 1.at，in，on与to 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 at 在。用于较小的地方 （如：学校、家、机场等）前 at the airport 12 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 in （北部湾经 济区： 2020.33） 在……里面 Xiaoming is in the room now. 在。用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水 域等）前 in the US in Lijiang 表示在某一地区的某方位。某 一小地点在另一大地点之内 Japan lies in the east of Asia. 续表 13 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 on 在……表面上（接触物体表 面） There is a book on the desk. 在。在广阔的平面上 on the lake 在。两地不在同一范围内，但 接壤 The country is on the south of China. 续表 14 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 to 到；去；向；朝。有一定的方 向性 I went to the park this morning. 在。表示在某一地域之外且不 接壤 Japan lies to the east of China. 续表 15 介词 含义 例句 on 在……表面上（接触物体表 面） There is a book on the desk. over 在……正上方（两者不接 触） They will build a bridge over the river. 在……上面（表示部分覆盖 或全部覆盖） She put a blanket over the sleeping child. 2.on，over，above，under与below 16 介词 含义 例句 above 在……上方（两者不接触， 也不一定垂直） He lifted his hands above his head. under 在……正下方（两者不接 触） A dog is sitting under the tree. belo w 在……下方（两者不接触， 也不一定垂直） There is a chair below the window. 续表 17 3.between与among【讲解详见本册P70】 4.across，through，over与past【讲解详见本册P21】 18 5.其他方位介词 in front of 在……前 面（外部） in the front of 在……前部（内部） outside 在……外 面 inside 在……里面 near 在……附近 beside/by 在…… 旁边 next to 紧挨着…… towards 朝向 into 到……里面； 进入 behind 在……后面 along 沿着 around 在……周 围 19 ►方式介词（北部湾经济区：2021.87） 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 by 通过（某种方式或手段）。后常 跟动名词或名词 by asking our teacher for help “by+交通工具”意为“乘坐……” by taxi with 用……，后接表示工具、材料、 身体器官等的名词 Chinese often eat with chopsticks. 20 介词 含义及用法 示例/例句 in 用……，后接表示语言、语调、 方式等的名词 in English in a loud voice on 用……，后接表示网络、电视、 电话等的名词 on the Internet on TV 续表 21 ►其他介词（2024.78） 介词 含义 示例/例句 with 和…… I will go to Beijing with my brother. 带有；具有 I like this house with a garden. 22 介词 含义 示例/例句 without （2024.78） 没有；缺乏 We got there without any difficulty. 不（做某事） The teacher left without saying anything. for 给；对；替 Here is a gift for you. 支持 We are for the idea. 续表 23 介词 含义 示例/例句 against 倚；碰；撞 The rain is beating against the windows. 对抗；和…… 竞争 Our team will play against yours this afternoon. 反对 We are against the idea. 续表 24 介词 含义 示例/例句 like 像；例如 I like eating fruit like apples. 像；与……相 似 Harry looks like his father. ……怎么样 What is your new English teacher like? 续表 25 介词 含义 示例/例句 than 比。常和比较 级连用 My cup is bigger than yours. over （数量、时 间、花费）多 于 He is over fifty. 遍及；过 （时间） all over the world 续表 26 介词 含义 示例/例句 from 来自 （表示来源） I come from a small city in Guangxi. about 关于 I want to know more about your life in that country. on 关于 a movie on animals as 作为;以…… 身份 We have a job for you as a waiter. 续表 27 介词 含义 示例/例句 except 除了 My father works every day except Sundays. besides 除了……之 外，还有 Besides football，I like basketball. including 包括 Everyone can go to that party， includingyou. 续表 28 介词 含义 示例/例句 of 属于 （某人或某 物） the window of theroom 关于 （某人或某 物） a photo of my dog in 穿着；戴着 Lily is in a beautiful dress. 续表 29 介词 含义 示例/例句 past 晚于；在…… 之后；超过 a quarter past ten 经过 He hurried past them without stopping. through 以；凭借；通 过；穿过 He got what he wanted through hardwork. 续表 30 一、单项选择 1.（2020北部湾经济区33题改编）My cousin was born in Shenzhen，a city ________ the south of China.( ) A A. in B. at C. to 31 2.（2024吉林）Mary plays light music ________ her free time to enjoy the beauty of music.( ) A A. in B. at C. on 3.（2024绥化）—I’m thirsty. I’d like a bottle of water. How about you，Bob? —I prefer a cup of coffee ________ nothing in it.( ) B A. without B. with C. to 32 4.（2024柳州三模）Everyone read in silence in the classroom ________ Jimmy. He was a bit noisy.( ) C A. besides B. including C. except 5.（2024钦州一模）There is going to be an English movie in our school ________ Sunday evening.( ) B A. in B. on C. for 33 6.—How do you make yourself relaxed before you give a speech? —________ taking a deep breath.( ) C A. With B. On C. By 7.The bridge ________ the river，not far away from here，is called Zhongshan Bridge.( ) A A. across B. along C. against 34 8.Last night I had an awful dream. And I kept awake ________ 6:00 a.m.( ) C A. after B. at C. until 9.The little girl is so shy that she always hides herself ________ her mother when meeting a stranger.( ) A A. behind B. around C. inside 35 二、选词填空基础题 along during after without like 1.In the shape of a boat，zongzi carries people’s wishes and is popular with Chinese _______ the Dragon Boat Festival. 2.Fumin Road is wider than before and the lights ______ it brighten our way home at night. 3.Don’t make a choice ________ thinking it over，or you may regret it later. during along without 36 4.______ leaving school，she spent a year travelling，mostly in Africa and Asia. 5.Parents’ love is _____ the wind. Whether you can see it or not，it is always around you. After like along during after without like 37 考点2 介词的固定搭配及介词短语 （选词填空：北部湾经济区：2019.87） 解答此类试题的关键在于熟记介词的常见短语和搭配。【具 体见《教材词句记背册》P99】 38 1.（2024临夏改编）________，Li Hua got better grades with his teacher’s help.( ) B A. At first B. At last C. At once 2.（2024南宁三模）Great! We arrived at the train station to catch the train ________.( ) B A. in silence B. in time C. in person 39 3.—Mr. Yang runs ________ half an hour every day. —What a good habit! No wonder he looks fit.( ) C A. in fact B. at times C. at least 4.________ the research，three fifths of the students like watching English movies in our class.( ) C A. Thanks to B. Instead of C. According to 40 5.—We needn’t worry about Mary. —You are right. She is old enough to look ________ herself.( ) A A. after B. for C. to 6.Before handing ________ your writing，please check it and correct the wrong spelling.( ) B A. over B. in C. out 41 7.—Helen，how was your job interview on Monday? —I have no idea. I am waiting ________ the result. ( ) C A. up B. at C. for 42 温馨提示 更多练习请完成分层进阶练习册P78 43 44 $$