2024-2025学年高二英语寒假作业 单词复习+习题精做 每天80分钟 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Looking into the Future 学习测试版+答案解析版

第1部分 巩固提升 选择性必修第一册 2025高二寒假作业 每天80分钟 学习测验版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Looking into the Future 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 2 Looking into the Future Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. knob n. 旋钮；球形把手 2. appliance n. 电器；器具 3. remote control遥控器；遥控 4. air conditioner空调机；空调设备 5. integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 6. integrate vi. & vt. (使)合并；成为一体 7. sensor n. 传感器；敏感元件 8. mode n. 模式；方式；风格 9. cancer n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 10. electrical adj. 电的；用电的 11. wiring n. 电线线路；线路系统 12. wire n. 电线；金属丝(或线) vt. 接通电源；将……连接到 13. innovation n. 创新；创造 14. nanobot n. 纳米机器人 15. clone vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物(或植物) 16. cease vi. & vt. (使)停止；终止 17. deceased adj. 已死的；亡故的 18. rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 19. signpost n. 路标 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. phrase n. 短语；词组 2. switch vt. 转换；交换 vi. & vt. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 3. remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 4. routine n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的 5. daily routine日常生活 6. instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 7. command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 8. constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 9. leak vi. & vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露 10. available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 11. nevertheless adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 12. structure n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织 13. artificial adj. 人工的；人造的；假的 14. artificial intelligence (AI)人工智能 15. forecast vt. & n. 预测；预报 16. hence adv. 因此；由此 17. advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 18. career n. 职业；事业 19. prospect n. 可能性；前景 20. paragraph n. 段；段落 21. essay n. 文章 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. persuade vt. 劝说；说服→persuasive adj. 有说服力的→persuasion n. 说服；劝说 2. distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n. 距离 3. secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt. 获得；拴牢；保护→security n. 安全工作；保护措施 4. automatic adj. 自动的→automatically adv. 自动地 5. efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv. 有效地→efficiency n. 效率；效能 6. preference n. 爱好；偏爱→prefer vt. 更喜欢；宁愿 7. obey vi. & vt. 服从；遵守→disobey vi. & vt. 不服从；违反 8. warning n. 警告；警示；先兆→warn vt. 警告 9. abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的→normal adj. 正常的 10. critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的→critic n. 评论家→criticize vt. 批评；评论→critically adv. 批判性地 11. potential adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性→potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 12. detect vt. 发现；查明→detective n. 侦探 13. relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的→irrelevant adj. 不相关的→relevantly adv. 相关地；贴切地 14. fantasy n. 幻想；想象→fantastic adj. 极好的 15. crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n. 罪犯；犯人 adj. 刑事的；犯罪的 16. combine vt. & vi. (使)结合；混合→combination n. 结合；联合 17. predict vt. 预测；预言；预料→prediction n. 预测；预言 18. occupation n. 职业；占领→occupy vt. 占据；占用；使忙于(做某事)→occupied adj. 被占领的；使用中；忙于 19. oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠→opposed adj. 反对的→opposite adj. 对面的；相反的→opposition n. 反对 20. absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj. 缺席的；不在的；缺乏的 21. emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性→emphasize vt. 强调 22. luxury n. 奢华→luxurious adj. 奢侈的 23. resist vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒→resistant adj. 反抗的；抵制的 24. accurate adj. 精确的；准确的→accurately adv. 精确地；准确地→accuracy n. 精确性 25. librarian n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长→library n. 图书馆 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. switch off/on关/开(电灯、机器等) 2. early on在初期；早先 3. catch fire着火 4. in this sense (in. . . sense)从这种(某种)意义上来讲 5. keep in touch (with. . . )(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况) 6. think about考虑 7. be ready for. . . 为……做好准备 8. respond to对……作出反应 9. in addition另外 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. These smart homes will keep us secure，save us energy，and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. (keep＋宾语＋宾补) 这样的智能家居将保障我们的安全，节省我们的能源，为我们提供一个更为舒适的居住环境。 2. Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. (It will take＋时间段＋before. . . ) 然而，要让大多数新住宅开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。 3. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century，and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. (将来进行时) 自十八世纪以来，他们基本上过着农夫的生活，而且在遥远的将来，他们的生活方式可能依然如此。 4. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large，polluted cities. (since引导原因状语从句) 甚至有人认为，阿曼门诺派的生活质量更高，因为他们生活在自然的环境中，怡然自得，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。 5. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media. (as引导原因状语从句) 它(互联网)还使人们在生活中更加容易找到机会，因为它让人们能够通过社交媒体建立更大的朋友圈。 晨检得分 _______/__________ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分) 1. mode n. ___________________ 2. cancer n. ___________________ 3. rural adj. ___________________ 4. cease vi. & vt. ___________________ 5. electrical adj. ___________________ 6. innovation n. ___________________ 7. clone vt. ___________________ n. ___________________ 8. integrate vi. & vt. ___________________ Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 1. ___________________ n. 职业；事业 2. ___________________ vt. 转换；交换 vi. & vt. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 3. ___________________ n. 文章 4. ___________________ n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 5. ___________________ adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 6. ___________________ adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 7. ___________________ adj. 远程的；偏远的 8. ___________________ n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的 9. ___________________ vt. & n. 预测；预报 10. ___________________ vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 1. ___________________ adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→___________________ n. 距离 2. ___________________ vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡→___________________ n. 抵制；反对；抗拒→___________________ adj. 反抗的；抵制的 3. ___________________ vt. 预测；预言；预料→___________________ n. 预测；预言 4. ___________________ n. 幻想；想象→___________________ adj. 极好的 5. ___________________ adj. 有关的；有意义的→___________________ adj. 不相关的→___________________ adv. 相关地；贴切地 6. ___________________ n. 犯罪活动；不法行为→___________________ n. 罪犯；犯人 adj. 刑事的；犯罪的 7. ___________________ n. 奢华→___________________ adj. 奢侈的 8. ___________________ adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的→___________________ n. 评论家→___________________ vt. 批评；评论→___________________ adv. 批判性地 9. ___________________ vt. & vi. (使)结合；混合→___________________ n. 结合；联合 10. ___________________ n. 强调；重视；重要性→___________________ vt. 强调 Ⅳ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1. ___________________在初期；早先 2. ___________________着火 3. ___________________(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况) 4. ___________________对……作出反应 5. ___________________另外 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1. Although his ___________________ is ___________________，it can’t ___________________ me to change my mind. (persuade) 2. When it comes to where to live，my sister ___________________ to live in big cities while I have a ___________________ for the country life. (prefer) 3. Not only did I ___________________ the proposal but also my partners were strongly ___________________ to it. With so much ___________________，they had to reject it. (oppose) 4. I ___________________ him not to skate on such thin ice，but he ignored my ___________________. (warn) 5. As an ___________________ secretary，she can organize various jobs ___________________ and improve her ___________________. (efficient) 6. He has been ___________________ from school for some days，so I think his ___________________ will result in his poor performances in the exam. (absence) 7. To describe the thing with ___________________，you must get ___________________ data. (accurate) 8. The world-famous ___________________ has ___________________ some solid evidence. (detect) 9. His ___________________ requires lots of energy，so he is always ___________________ with his work. (occupy) 10. Yesterday I ___________________ a job as a ___________________ guard and I must try my best to keep students ___________________ on campus. (secure) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题2分，共12分) 1. Even if I am stuck in difficulties，I have never ___________________ quitting my objective. 2. The basement ___________________ for unknown reasons and luckily，the firemen put it out quickly. 3. Without the invention of the computer，much of today’s advanced technology would not have been achieved. ___________________，the Internet has really changed the way we communicate with others. 4. He carefully revises what he has learned every day and ensures that he ___________________ the final exam. 5. The cars of the future are automatic and they are ___________________ automatically by the relevant commands. 6. ___________________ our friends is an important part of friendship. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分) 1. 蔚蓝的天空、一望无际的绿草、落日和数不尽的星星都使我着迷。(读后续写之环境描写)(keep＋宾语＋宾补) The bright blue sky，the endless green grass，the setting sun and the countless stars __________________________________. 2. 这对双胞胎大约需要花一个小时才能做好一顿美味的早餐。(It will take＋时间段＋before. . . )(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) __________________________________ the twins cook a delicious breakfast. 3. 半个小时后，我们将正在位于附近山脚下的农场里采摘水果。(将来进行时) In half an hour，we __________________________________ located at the foot of a nearby hill. 4. 我怒火中烧，双手颤抖，因为他向我撒谎了。(读后续写之愤怒心理描写)(since引导原因状语从句) I boiled with anger，with my hands trembling，__________________________________. 5. 因为没有足够的证据，这个年轻人被释放了。(as引导原因状语从句) __________________________________，the young man was set free. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与社会之一种名为Seatrac的系统，该系统可以帮助坐轮椅的人自己进入水中，享受海滩的乐趣 说明文 457 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之荷兰一个学生团队设计并建造了一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野车 说明文 447 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之未来会因为技术进步生活更加幸福 说明文 386 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之整合传感器数据改善居民生活 说明文 596 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之一款人工智能变声器 说明文 219 适中(0. 65) 应用文写作 以“未来的生活”为主题，写一篇英文发言稿，描述对2050年生活的设想 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （2024高二上·河南信阳·学业考试）People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach. But hundreds of beaches in Greece now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water by themselves. It’s called Seatrac. Seatrac is a system. It is basically a chair on a moving ramp (坡道) that can smoothly carry a disabled person into the sea. Once in the sea, the person can either remain in the chair, enjoying the water, or go for a swim. The chair is operated by remote (远程的) control. When the person is ready to get out of the water, the Seatrac system brings the chair back to the top of the ramp. The idea for Seatrac came when one of the inventors, Ignatios Fotiou. was talking with a friend who used a wheelchair. The friend said he enjoyed the sea, but didn’t like having to be carried into the ocean as if he were a “large bag of potatoes”. Then Mr. Fotiou worked with his partner and a professor at a Greek university to design the system, and they formed a company called TOBEA to build and sell the system. They worked hard to make the system simple to put in place and easy to run A wooden walkway allows wheelchair users to reach the Seatrac. The system is solar powered. It doesn’t require outside power, and can continue to run even if the electricity goes out. The Seatrac system can easily be packed up and stored when swimming season ends. The Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece, Cyprus, Italy, and Latvia. TOBEA soon hopes to offer Seatrac in other countries. 1. What is Seatrac? A. A special chair that can move around easily. B. A walkway for disabled people to walk on freely. C. A system to help wheelchair users enjoy the beach. D. A machine that can run smoothly by itself. 2. What gave Mr. Fotiou an idea to design Seatrac? A. His interest in swimming. B. bag of potatoes. C. The beaches in Greece. D. A chat with a disabled friend. 3. What is an advantage of Seatrac? A. It’s simply designed. B. It can hold many people. C. It’s small in size. D. It can run without electricity. 4. What is the company’s attitude towards the future of Seatrac? A. Unconcerned. B. Unclear. C. Confident. D. Doubtful. 5. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A guidebook B. A sports newspaper C. An art journal D. A science magazine B （2024高二上·河南信阳·学业考试）A team of students in the Netherlands has designed and built an off-road car that’s completely powered by the sun. The car is called Stella Terra, which can travel off-road for long distances without needing a charging station. In order to create a car that could deal with tough driving, the students had to design the whole car, from top to bottom. On top were the solar panels (太阳能电池板). Most solar panels waste about 80% of the sunlight they get. But Stella Terra’s solar panels are 97% efficient (高效的). They waste far less sunlight. Like most electric cars, Stella Terra stores energy in a battery. Thanks to its powerful solar panels and its battery, when it’s sunny, the car can run for 710 kilometers a day. Stella Terra can carry two people, and has a top speed of 145 kph. The car weighs just 1, 200 kilograms. That’s about two-thirds the weight of a typical car. On the bottom, the team designed a system to help the car deal with heavy shaking when driving over rough (高低不平的) surfaces. The team recently took the car on a 1, 000-kilometer test drive across Morocco. The car had to travel through forests as well as dry riverbeds. It had to drive across desert sand and up mountain paths. The car succeeded in doing all of this- and all without ever stopping at a charging station. The team is very proud of their car, but they won’t be unhappy if car companies start to copy their ideas. In fact, they hope that Stella Terra will help inspire car companies to work on similar projects. 6. How is Stella Terra powered? A. By itself. B. By gas. C. By wind. D. By the sun. 7. What is a feature of Stella Terra? A. Its average speed is 145kph. B. It can run at least 710 km a day. C. It is lighter than a typical car. D. Its bottom can avoid any shaking. 8. Why did the team drive Stella Terra across Morocco? A. To find a charging station. B. To take the part in a car race. C. To enjoy the natural beauty. D. To test its function and quality. 9. What’s the students’ attitude towards companies’ copying their ideas? A. Supportive. B. Unclear. C. Concerned. D. Unfriendly. 10. In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A. Health. B. Science. C. Nature. D. Education. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高二上·广西玉林·阶段练习）My future happiness When I imagine my future, I see myself as an adult who is confident in my abilities, doing a job I love and living my life responsibly. When I grow up, I will be enjoying more convenience brought by the advances in technology, with more time to pursue hobbies and enjoy the company of family and friends. 11 . I will feel the happiest in the future because I will learn more about life and develop into the best person I can be. 12 I will also handle more responsibilities and solve problems in a more thoughtful and level-headed manner. Thanks to new technology, my future life is sure to improve in various ways. Homes will become smarter to the extent that they might be programmed to learn about our needs and monitor our health and activities. I can imagine hearing an AI voice remind me to buy groceries or do more exercise! There will also be enormous advancements in transport options. I will be riding in a self-driving car, and other new means of transport may be developed in the future. 13 These advances in technology are certain to make my future life more comfortable and convenient. My development into a mature adult and access to advanced technology will provide me with more free-time opportunities. 14 Working less time means I can do what I most enjoy, such as spending time with family and friends, engaging in fun activities and learning new skills. 15 Thinking this way gives me the motivation to work hard now so that I can have a successful, fulfilling and enjoyable future life. A. The working day will be only four hours long thanks to robots. B. I will become more knowledgeable about the world and myself. C. I might be able to ride a flying bike to quickly meet up with my friends. D. When I think about the future, I realize my happiest days are still ahead of me. E. For these reasons, I look forward to the future as the happiest moment in my life. F. Technological advances will guarantee that I will be in good health and find true happiness. G. With less work-related stress, I will also have more time and energy to do volunteer projects. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高二上·上海·阶段练习）People who live in cities are starting to get a lot more information to help plan their daily lives. Smarter City systems are telling residents about traffic jams, the time the next bus will arrive, the 16 for flooding, and other useful updates. This is happening because cities are 17 the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better. The number of 18 like these sensors will reach 50 billion by 2020. Cities are 19 systems of systems that have always generated vast amounts of information. Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins, is integrated with other 20 to provide guidance on the overall operation of a city. This integrated data, from such systems of systems, is then given to city administrators in useful formats that can change 21 for the better. 22 , in many cities, the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data needed to 23 city operations. Despite the seeming 24 of data gathering infrastructure, another option exists considering the shift from desktop computing to mobile devices and tablets. Mobile technology has 25 dramatically in the past decade to the point where a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels. Furthermore, in the near future, additional 26 are easily imagined, where sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more. This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management, where the very data required to improve city operations is in part 27 provided by its citizens via smartphone apps. It also raises complex 28 issues that must be dealt with as we face this new era, but similarly provides opportunities for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their 29 , not only in the reporting of critical environmental and transportation data, but in taking an active role in solving the problems they have encountered. It will be a(n) 30 and informed effort, with information technology enabling social transformation, to address the growing challenges facing our cities in the coming decades. 16. A. reason B. potential C. hope D. occasion 17. A. upgrading B. enlarging C. altering D. employing 18. A. systems B. applications C. devices D. guides 19. A. identical B. complex C. reduced D. recycling 20. A. sources B. users C. overseers D. means 21. A. city living B. urban planning C. traffic flow D. basic facilities 22. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Thus 23. A. guide B. apply C. advise D. order 24. A. specialty B. need C. decrease D. lack 25. A. decreased B. reformed C. advanced D. increased 26. A. talents B. capabilities C. qualities D. performances 27. A. accidentally B. surprisingly C. willingly D. determinedly 28. A. confidential B. efficiency C. biological D. social 29. A. community B. performance C. unity D. recreation 30. A. cost-effective B. unconscious C. demanding D. cooperative 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高二上·辽宁辽阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, the call center operators face stress from customers’ anger every day. Therefore, some companies even introduce stress management programs to help reduce their employees’ 31 (anxious). However, one Japanese company may have come up 32 a much more efficient solution. They’re using AI to completely remove screaming and aggressive speech. The company claims to have spent three years 33 (create) a voice filter (过滤器) that detects screaming and 34 (automatic) translates it into calm speech. The company’s voice filter consists of two stages, one in which the AI identifies an angry voice, and a second 35 it uses tools to transform it into a more natural, even polite tone. Interestingly, the filter doesn’t change any of the words 36 (speak) by the person, but significantly softens the intonation (语调). 37 (train) the AI, the company’s engineers asked 10 actors to record at least 100 common phrases including screams, threats, and demands for an apology. In total, more than 10, 000 pieces of voice data 38 (use) to train the AI filter. Although it’s 39 (clear) when the company plans to use the new scream-filtering AI in their call centers, 40 will be interesting to see how well it works and how it impacts the emotional well-being of operators. 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 41. （24-25高二上·上海·阶段练习）假如你是某国际中学生论坛的发言代表，请以“未来的生活”为主题，用120-150字写一篇英文发言稿，描述你对2050年生活的设想。内容包括但不限于： 1. 未来科技对人类生活的影响； 2. 社会环境的变化（如教育、交通、健康等）； 3. 你希望未来生活具备的特点。 可适当发挥，使文章连贯，文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第1部分 巩固提升 选择性必修第一册 2025高二寒假作业 每天80分钟 答案解析版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Looking into the Future 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 2 Looking into the Future Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. knob n. 旋钮；球形把手 2. appliance n. 电器；器具 3. remote control遥控器；遥控 4. air conditioner空调机；空调设备 5. integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 6. integrate vi. & vt. (使)合并；成为一体 7. sensor n. 传感器；敏感元件 8. mode n. 模式；方式；风格 9. cancer n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 10. electrical adj. 电的；用电的 11. wiring n. 电线线路；线路系统 12. wire n. 电线；金属丝(或线) vt. 接通电源；将……连接到 13. innovation n. 创新；创造 14. nanobot n. 纳米机器人 15. clone vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物(或植物) 16. cease vi. & vt. (使)停止；终止 17. deceased adj. 已死的；亡故的 18. rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 19. signpost n. 路标 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. phrase n. 短语；词组 2. switch vt. 转换；交换 vi. & vt. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 3. remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 4. routine n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的 5. daily routine日常生活 6. instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 7. command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 8. constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 9. leak vi. & vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露 10. available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 11. nevertheless adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 12. structure n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织 13. artificial adj. 人工的；人造的；假的 14. artificial intelligence (AI)人工智能 15. forecast vt. & n. 预测；预报 16. hence adv. 因此；由此 17. advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 18. career n. 职业；事业 19. prospect n. 可能性；前景 20. paragraph n. 段；段落 21. essay n. 文章 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. persuade vt. 劝说；说服→persuasive adj. 有说服力的→persuasion n. 说服；劝说 2. distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n. 距离 3. secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt. 获得；拴牢；保护→security n. 安全工作；保护措施 4. automatic adj. 自动的→automatically adv. 自动地 5. efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv. 有效地→efficiency n. 效率；效能 6. preference n. 爱好；偏爱→prefer vt. 更喜欢；宁愿 7. obey vi. & vt. 服从；遵守→disobey vi. & vt. 不服从；违反 8. warning n. 警告；警示；先兆→warn vt. 警告 9. abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的→normal adj. 正常的 10. critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的→critic n. 评论家→criticize vt. 批评；评论→critically adv. 批判性地 11. potential adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性→potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 12. detect vt. 发现；查明→detective n. 侦探 13. relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的→irrelevant adj. 不相关的→relevantly adv. 相关地；贴切地 14. fantasy n. 幻想；想象→fantastic adj. 极好的 15. crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n. 罪犯；犯人 adj. 刑事的；犯罪的 16. combine vt. & vi. (使)结合；混合→combination n. 结合；联合 17. predict vt. 预测；预言；预料→prediction n. 预测；预言 18. occupation n. 职业；占领→occupy vt. 占据；占用；使忙于(做某事)→occupied adj. 被占领的；使用中；忙于 19. oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠→opposed adj. 反对的→opposite adj. 对面的；相反的→opposition n. 反对 20. absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj. 缺席的；不在的；缺乏的 21. emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性→emphasize vt. 强调 22. luxury n. 奢华→luxurious adj. 奢侈的 23. resist vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒→resistant adj. 反抗的；抵制的 24. accurate adj. 精确的；准确的→accurately adv. 精确地；准确地→accuracy n. 精确性 25. librarian n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长→library n. 图书馆 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. switch off/on关/开(电灯、机器等) 2. early on在初期；早先 3. catch fire着火 4. in this sense (in. . . sense)从这种(某种)意义上来讲 5. keep in touch (with. . . )(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况) 6. think about考虑 7. be ready for. . . 为……做好准备 8. respond to对……作出反应 9. in addition另外 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. These smart homes will keep us secure，save us energy，and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. (keep＋宾语＋宾补) 这样的智能家居将保障我们的安全，节省我们的能源，为我们提供一个更为舒适的居住环境。 2. Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. (It will take＋时间段＋before. . . ) 然而，要让大多数新住宅开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。 3. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century，and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. (将来进行时) 自十八世纪以来，他们基本上过着农夫的生活，而且在遥远的将来，他们的生活方式可能依然如此。 4. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large，polluted cities. (since引导原因状语从句) 甚至有人认为，阿曼门诺派的生活质量更高，因为他们生活在自然的环境中，怡然自得，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。 5. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media. (as引导原因状语从句) 它(互联网)还使人们在生活中更加容易找到机会，因为它让人们能够通过社交媒体建立更大的朋友圈。 晨检得分 _______/__________ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分) 1. mode n. 模式；方式；风格 2. cancer n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 3. rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 4. cease vi. & vt. (使)停止；终止 5. electrical adj. 电的；用电的 6. innovation n. 创新；创造 7. clone vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物(或植物) 8. integrate vi. & vt. (使)合并；成为一体 Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 1. career n. 职业；事业 2. switch vt. 转换；交换 vi. & vt. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 3. essay n. 文章 4. command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 5. constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 6. available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 7. remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 8. routine n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的 9. forecast vt. & n. 预测；预报 10. advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 1. distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n. 距离 2. resist vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒→resistant adj. 反抗的；抵制的 3. predict vt. 预测；预言；预料→prediction n. 预测；预言 4. fantasy n. 幻想；想象→fantastic adj. 极好的 5. relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的→irrelevant adj. 不相关的→relevantly adv. 相关地；贴切地 6. crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n. 罪犯；犯人 adj. 刑事的；犯罪的 7. luxury n. 奢华→luxurious adj. 奢侈的 8. critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的→critic n. 评论家→criticize vt. 批评；评论→critically adv. 批判性地 9. combine vt. & vi. (使)结合；混合→combination n. 结合；联合 10. emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性→emphasize vt. 强调 Ⅳ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1. early on在初期；早先 2. catch fire着火 3. keep in touch (with. . . )(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况) 4. respond to对……作出反应 5. in addition另外 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分) 1. Although his persuasion is persuasive，it can’t persuade me to change my mind. (persuade) 2. When it comes to where to live，my sister prefers to live in big cities while I have a preference for the country life. (prefer) 3. Not only did I oppose the proposal but also my partners were strongly opposed to it. With so much opposition，they had to reject it. (oppose) 4. I warned him not to skate on such thin ice，but he ignored my warning. (warn) 5. As an efficient secretary，she can organize various jobs efficiently and improve her efficiency. (efficient) 6. He has been absent from school for some days，so I think his absence will result in his poor performances in the exam. (absence) 7. To describe the thing with accuracy，you must get accurate data. (accurate) 8. The world-famous detective has detected some solid evidence. (detect) 9. His occupation requires lots of energy，so he is always occupied with his work. (occupy) 10. Yesterday I secured a job as a security guard and I must try my best to keep students secure on campus. (secure) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题2分，共12分) 1. Even if I am stuck in difficulties，I have never thought about quitting my objective. 2. The basement caught fire for unknown reasons and luckily，the firemen put it out quickly. 3. Without the invention of the computer，much of today’s advanced technology would not have been achieved. In this sense，the Internet has really changed the way we communicate with others. 4. He carefully revises what he has learned every day and ensures that he is ready for the final exam. 5. The cars of the future are automatic and they are switched on automatically by the relevant commands. 6. Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分) 1. 蔚蓝的天空、一望无际的绿草、落日和数不尽的星星都使我着迷。(读后续写之环境描写)(keep＋宾语＋宾补) The bright blue sky，the endless green grass，the setting sun and the countless stars all kept me spellbound. 2. 这对双胞胎大约需要花一个小时才能做好一顿美味的早餐。(It will take＋时间段＋before. . . )(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) It will take about one hour before the twins cook a delicious breakfast. 3. 半个小时后，我们将正在位于附近山脚下的农场里采摘水果。(将来进行时) In half an hour，we will be picking fruits on a farm located at the foot of a nearby hill. 4. 我怒火中烧，双手颤抖，因为他向我撒谎了。(读后续写之愤怒心理描写)(since引导原因状语从句) I boiled with anger，with my hands trembling，since he had told me a lie. 5. 因为没有足够的证据，这个年轻人被释放了。(as引导原因状语从句) As there was a lack of adequate evidence，the young man was set free. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与社会之一种名为Seatrac的系统，该系统可以帮助坐轮椅的人自己进入水中，享受海滩的乐趣 说明文 457 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之荷兰一个学生团队设计并建造了一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野车 说明文 447 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之未来会因为技术进步生活更加幸福 说明文 386 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之整合传感器数据改善居民生活 说明文 596 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之一款人工智能变声器 说明文 219 适中(0. 65) 应用文写作 以“未来的生活”为主题，写一篇英文发言稿，描述对2050年生活的设想 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （2024高二上·河南信阳·学业考试）People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach. But hundreds of beaches in Greece now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water by themselves. It’s called Seatrac. Seatrac is a system. It is basically a chair on a moving ramp (坡道) that can smoothly carry a disabled person into the sea. Once in the sea, the person can either remain in the chair, enjoying the water, or go for a swim. The chair is operated by remote (远程的) control. When the person is ready to get out of the water, the Seatrac system brings the chair back to the top of the ramp. The idea for Seatrac came when one of the inventors, Ignatios Fotiou. was talking with a friend who used a wheelchair. The friend said he enjoyed the sea, but didn’t like having to be carried into the ocean as if he were a “large bag of potatoes”. Then Mr. Fotiou worked with his partner and a professor at a Greek university to design the system, and they formed a company called TOBEA to build and sell the system. They worked hard to make the system simple to put in place and easy to run A wooden walkway allows wheelchair users to reach the Seatrac. The system is solar powered. It doesn’t require outside power, and can continue to run even if the electricity goes out. The Seatrac system can easily be packed up and stored when swimming season ends. The Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece, Cyprus, Italy, and Latvia. TOBEA soon hopes to offer Seatrac in other countries. 1. What is Seatrac? A. A special chair that can move around easily. B. A walkway for disabled people to walk on freely. C. A system to help wheelchair users enjoy the beach. D. A machine that can run smoothly by itself. 2. What gave Mr. Fotiou an idea to design Seatrac? A. His interest in swimming. B. bag of potatoes. C. The beaches in Greece. D. A chat with a disabled friend. 3. What is an advantage of Seatrac? A. It’s simply designed. B. It can hold many people. C. It’s small in size. D. It can run without electricity. 4. What is the company’s attitude towards the future of Seatrac? A. Unconcerned. B. Unclear. C. Confident. D. Doubtful. 5. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A guidebook B. A sports newspaper C. An art journal D. A science magazine 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. D 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】发明与创造 、科学技术 、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为Seatrac的系统，该系统可以帮助坐轮椅的人自己进入水中，享受海滩的乐趣。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But hundreds of beaches in Greece now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water by themselves. It’s called Seatrac. (但希腊数百个海滩现在为坐轮椅的人提供了一种新的方式，让他们可以自己进入水中。它叫做Seatrac)”和第二段中“Seatrac is a system. It is basically a chair on a moving ramp (坡道) that can smoothly carry a disabled person into the sea. (Seatrac是一个系统。它基本上是一个在移动坡道上的椅子，可以平稳地将残疾人带入海中)”可知，Seatrac是一个帮助坐轮椅的人享受海滩的系统。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The idea for Seatrac came when one of the inventors, Ignatios Fotiou, was talking with a friend who used a wheelchair. (Seatrac的想法来自于其中一位发明者Ignatios Fotiou，当时他正与一位坐轮椅的朋友交谈)”可知，Fotiou先生设计Seatrac的灵感来源于与一位残疾朋友的聊天。故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The system is solar powered. It doesn’t require outside power, and can continue to run even if the electricity goes out. (该系统由太阳能供电。它不需要外部电源，即使停电也能继续运行)”可知，Seatrac的优点是可以在没有电的情况下运行。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece, Cyprus, Italy, and Latvia. TOBEA soon hopes to offer Seatrac in other countries. (Seatrac系统正在希腊、塞浦路斯、意大利和拉脱维亚的220多个海滩上使用。TOBEA很快希望在其他国家提供Seatrac)”可推知，该公司对Seatrac的未来充满信心。故选C项。 5. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“But hundreds of beaches in Greece now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water by themselves. It’s called Seatrac. (但希腊数百个海滩现在为坐轮椅的人提供了一种新的方式，让他们可以自己进入水中。它叫做Seatrac)”以及文章对Seatrac系统的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了一种新科技，因此文章最可能选自一本科学杂志。故选D项。 B （2024高二上·河南信阳·学业考试）A team of students in the Netherlands has designed and built an off-road car that’s completely powered by the sun. The car is called Stella Terra, which can travel off-road for long distances without needing a charging station. In order to create a car that could deal with tough driving, the students had to design the whole car, from top to bottom. On top were the solar panels (太阳能电池板). Most solar panels waste about 80% of the sunlight they get. But Stella Terra’s solar panels are 97% efficient (高效的). They waste far less sunlight. Like most electric cars, Stella Terra stores energy in a battery. Thanks to its powerful solar panels and its battery, when it’s sunny, the car can run for 710 kilometers a day. Stella Terra can carry two people, and has a top speed of 145 kph. The car weighs just 1, 200 kilograms. That’s about two-thirds the weight of a typical car. On the bottom, the team designed a system to help the car deal with heavy shaking when driving over rough (高低不平的) surfaces. The team recently took the car on a 1, 000-kilometer test drive across Morocco. The car had to travel through forests as well as dry riverbeds. It had to drive across desert sand and up mountain paths. The car succeeded in doing all of this- and all without ever stopping at a charging station. The team is very proud of their car, but they won’t be unhappy if car companies start to copy their ideas. In fact, they hope that Stella Terra will help inspire car companies to work on similar projects. 6. How is Stella Terra powered? A. By itself. B. By gas. C. By wind. D. By the sun. 7. What is a feature of Stella Terra? A. Its average speed is 145kph. B. It can run at least 710 km a day. C. It is lighter than a typical car. D. Its bottom can avoid any shaking. 8. Why did the team drive Stella Terra across Morocco? A. To find a charging station. B. To take the part in a car race. C. To enjoy the natural beauty. D. To test its function and quality. 9. What’s the students’ attitude towards companies’ copying their ideas? A. Supportive. B. Unclear. C. Concerned. D. Unfriendly. 10. In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A. Health. B. Science. C. Nature. D. Education. 【答案】6. D 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】发明与创造 、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰一个学生团队设计并建造了一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野车Stella Terra。 6. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A team of students in the Netherlands has designed and built an off-road car that’s completely powered by the sun. (荷兰的一组学生设计并建造了一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野车)”可知，Stella Terra是由太阳供电的。故选D项。 7. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Stella Terra can carry two people, and has a top speed of 145 kph. The car weighs just 1, 200 kilograms. That’s about two-thirds the weight of a typical car. (Stella Terra可以载两人，最高时速为145公里。这辆车只有1200公斤重。这大约是普通汽车重量的三分之二)”可知，Stella Terra比一般的汽车轻。故选C项。 8. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The team recently took the car on a 1, 000-kilometer test drive across Morocco. The car had to travel through forests as well as dry riverbeds. It had to drive across desert sand and up mountain paths. The car succeeded in doing all of this- and all without ever stopping at a charging station. (该团队最近驾驶这辆车在摩洛哥进行了1000公里的试驾。这辆车必须穿过森林和干涸的河床。它必须穿越沙漠沙地和山路。这辆车成功地做到了这一切——而且全程没有在任何充电站停留)”可知，团队驾驶Stella Terra穿越摩洛哥是为了测试其功能和质量。故选D项。 9. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team is very proud of their car, but they won’t be unhappy if car companies start to copy their ideas. In fact, they hope that Stella Terra will help inspire car companies to work on similar projects. (团队对他们的汽车感到非常自豪，但如果汽车公司开始抄袭他们的想法，他们也不会不高兴。事实上，他们希望Stella Terra能激励汽车公司开展类似的项目)”可知，学生们对公司抄袭他们的想法持支持态度。故选A项。 10. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“A team of students in the Netherlands has designed and built an off-road car that’s completely powered by the sun. (荷兰的一组学生设计并建造了一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野车)”可知，本文主要介绍了一辆完全由太阳能驱动的越野车，这属于科学范畴，因此可以推断出你可以在报纸的科学版块读到这篇文章。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高二上·广西玉林·阶段练习）My future happiness When I imagine my future, I see myself as an adult who is confident in my abilities, doing a job I love and living my life responsibly. When I grow up, I will be enjoying more convenience brought by the advances in technology, with more time to pursue hobbies and enjoy the company of family and friends. 11 . I will feel the happiest in the future because I will learn more about life and develop into the best person I can be. 12 I will also handle more responsibilities and solve problems in a more thoughtful and level-headed manner. Thanks to new technology, my future life is sure to improve in various ways. Homes will become smarter to the extent that they might be programmed to learn about our needs and monitor our health and activities. I can imagine hearing an AI voice remind me to buy groceries or do more exercise! There will also be enormous advancements in transport options. I will be riding in a self-driving car, and other new means of transport may be developed in the future. 13 These advances in technology are certain to make my future life more comfortable and convenient. My development into a mature adult and access to advanced technology will provide me with more free-time opportunities. 14 Working less time means I can do what I most enjoy, such as spending time with family and friends, engaging in fun activities and learning new skills. 15 Thinking this way gives me the motivation to work hard now so that I can have a successful, fulfilling and enjoyable future life. A. The working day will be only four hours long thanks to robots. B. I will become more knowledgeable about the world and myself. C. I might be able to ride a flying bike to quickly meet up with my friends. D. When I think about the future, I realize my happiest days are still ahead of me. E. For these reasons, I look forward to the future as the happiest moment in my life. F. Technological advances will guarantee that I will be in good health and find true happiness. G. With less work-related stress, I will also have more time and energy to do volunteer projects. 【答案】11. E 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】畅想未来 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者认为未来会因为技术进步生活更加幸福。 11. 根据上文“When I imagine my future, I see myself as an adult who is confident in my abilities, doing a job I love and living my life responsibly. When I grow up, I will be enjoying more convenience brought by the advances in technology, with more time to pursue hobbies and enjoy the company of family and friends. (当我想象我的未来时，我看到自己是一个对自己的能力充满信心的成年人，做着我喜欢的工作，负责任地过着我的生活。当我长大后，我将享受科技进步带来的更多便利，有更多的时间去追求爱好，享受家人和朋友的陪伴)”可知，本句总结上文，指出未来因为科技进步更加幸福。故E选项“由于这些原因，我期待未来是我一生中最幸福的时刻”符合语境，故选E。 12. 根据上文“I will feel the happiest in the future because I will learn more about life and develop into the best person I can be. (我会在未来感到最幸福，因为我会更多地了解生活，成为我能成为的最好的人)”以及后文“I will also handle more responsibilities and solve problems in a more thoughtful and level-headed manner. (我也会承担更多的责任，以更周到、更冷静的方式解决问题)”可知，上文提到了作者会更加了解生活，B选项become more knowledgeable对应上文learn more about。故B选项“我会更加了解这个世界和我自己”符合语境，故选B。 13. 根据上文“I will be riding in a self-driving car, and other new means of transport may be developed in the future. (我将乘坐一辆自动驾驶汽车，未来可能会开发出其他新的交通工具)”可知，本句主要针对未来交通工具的设想。故C选项“我也许可以骑一辆会飞的自行车去和我的朋友们见面”符合语境，故选C。 14. 根据上文“My development into a mature adult and access to advanced technology will provide me with more free-time opportunities. (我成长为一个成熟的成年人，并能接触到先进的技术，这将为我提供更多的自由时间)”以及后文“Working less time means I can do what I most enjoy, such as spending time with family and friends, engaging in fun activities and learning new skills. (工作更少的时间意味着我可以做我最喜欢的事情，比如花时间与家人和朋友在一起，参加有趣的活动和学习新技能)”可知，本句主要说明未来先进技术是如何让作者有更多自由时间以及工作更少的时间的。故A选项“由于有了机器人，每天的工作时间将只有4个小时”符合语境，故选A。 15. 根据后文“Thinking this way gives me the motivation to work hard now so that I can have a successful, fulfilling and enjoyable future life. (这样的想法给了我现在努力工作的动力，这样我就能有一个成功的、充实的和愉快的未来生活)”可知，本段为总结段落，后文说明了作者对于未来生活是积极的态度，且对未来充满希望，认为未来是成功、充实和愉快的，故D选项“当我想到未来的时候，我意识到我最幸福的日子还在前面”符合语境，故选D。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高二上·上海·阶段练习）People who live in cities are starting to get a lot more information to help plan their daily lives. Smarter City systems are telling residents about traffic jams, the time the next bus will arrive, the 16 for flooding, and other useful updates. This is happening because cities are 17 the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better. The number of 18 like these sensors will reach 50 billion by 2020. Cities are 19 systems of systems that have always generated vast amounts of information. Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins, is integrated with other 20 to provide guidance on the overall operation of a city. This integrated data, from such systems of systems, is then given to city administrators in useful formats that can change 21 for the better. 22 , in many cities, the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data needed to 23 city operations. Despite the seeming 24 of data gathering infrastructure, another option exists considering the shift from desktop computing to mobile devices and tablets. Mobile technology has 25 dramatically in the past decade to the point where a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels. Furthermore, in the near future, additional 26 are easily imagined, where sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more. This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management, where the very data required to improve city operations is in part 27 provided by its citizens via smartphone apps. It also raises complex 28 issues that must be dealt with as we face this new era, but similarly provides opportunities for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their 29 , not only in the reporting of critical environmental and transportation data, but in taking an active role in solving the problems they have encountered. It will be a(n) 30 and informed effort, with information technology enabling social transformation, to address the growing challenges facing our cities in the coming decades. 16. A. reason B. potential C. hope D. occasion 17. A. upgrading B. enlarging C. altering D. employing 18. A. systems B. applications C. devices D. guides 19. A. identical B. complex C. reduced D. recycling 20. A. sources B. users C. overseers D. means 21. A. city living B. urban planning C. traffic flow D. basic facilities 22. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Thus 23. A. guide B. apply C. advise D. order 24. A. specialty B. need C. decrease D. lack 25. A. decreased B. reformed C. advanced D. increased 26. A. talents B. capabilities C. qualities D. performances 27. A. accidentally B. surprisingly C. willingly D. determinedly 28. A. confidential B. efficiency C. biological D. social 29. A. community B. performance C. unity D. recreation 30. A. cost-effective B. unconscious C. demanding D. cooperative 【答案】 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】畅想未来、说明文、城市 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是智能城市如何通过整合传感器数据改善居民生活，涵盖交通、防洪等多方面服务，并探讨了市民参与城市数据收集的潜力与挑战。 16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“智慧城市”系统会告诉居民交通拥堵情况、下一辆公交车到达的时间、洪水的可能性以及其他有用的更新。A. reason原因；B. potential可能性；C. hope希望；D. occasion场合。根据第一句“People who live in cities are starting to get a lot more information to help plan their daily lives. ”和空格前的“Smarter City systems are telling residents about traffic jams, the time the next bus will arrive”可知，“智慧城市”系统给居民提供一些预告信息，帮助规划他们的日常生活。所以，此处应该指的是发生洪水的可能性。故选B项。 17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为城市正在利用来自传感器的信息流来更好地管理城市系统。A. upgrading升级；B. enlarging扩大；C. altering改变；D. employing利用。根据下文的“the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better”可知，此处指的是利用来自传感器的信息流来管理城市系统。故选D项。 18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到2020年，像这样的传感器的数量将达到500亿。A. systems系统；B. applications应用；C. devices设备；D. guides指南。根据下文的“these sensors”可知，此处指的是设备的数量。故选C项。 19. 考查形容词/名词词义辨析。句意：城市是系统中的复杂系统，总是产生大量的信息。A. identical完全相同的；B. complex复杂的；C. reduced减少的；D. recycling回收。根据常识和下文的“that have always generated vast amounts of information”和“Information flowing in from many small subsystems”可知，城市系统是复杂的。故选B项。 20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从许多小子系统（如当地的洪水流域）流入的信息与其他来源相结合，为城市的整体运行提供指导。A. sources来源；B. users用户；C. overseers监督人；D. means方法；手段。根据上文的“Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins”和空格前的other可知，此处指的是其它信息来源。故选A项。 21. 考查名词短语辨析。句意：这些来自这些系统中的系统的综合数据，然后以有用的形式提供给城市管理者，从而使城市生活变得更好。A. city living城市生活；B. urban planning城市规划；C. traffic flow交通流量；D. basic facilities基本设施。根据空格前的“city administrator”和“in useful formats”，城市管理者以有用的形式利用这些数据肯定会让城市生活变的更好。故选A项。 22. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在许多城市，即将到来的人口增长将挑战即使是最熟练的城市管理者，而许多这类城市的旧基础设施不具备收集指导城市运营所需数据的能力。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides而且；另外；C. However但是；然而；D. Thus因此。下文的内容与上一段的最后一句是转折关系，所以用however。故选C项。 23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在许多城市，即将到来的人口增长将挑战即使是最熟练的城市管理者，而许多这类城市的旧基础设施不具备收集指导城市运营所需数据的能力。A. guide指导；B. apply申请；C. advise建议；D. order命令。根据上一段的“Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins, is integrated with other　5　　to provide guidance on the overall operation of a city. ”可知，收集的信息是为城市的运行提供指导的。故选A项。 24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管似乎缺乏数据收集基础设施，考虑到从桌面计算机到移动设备和平板电脑的转变，另一个选择是存在的。A. specialty特产；B. need需要；C. decrease减少；D. lack缺乏。根据上文的“the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data”可知，很多城市缺乏数据收集基础设施。故选D项。 25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：移动技术在过去十年里取得了巨大的进步，一个轻量级的智能手机可以收集各种数据，比如位置、当地温度和背景噪音水平。A. decreased减少；B. reformed改革；C. advanced发展；进步；D. increased增加。根据下文的“where a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels. ”可知，一个轻量级的智能手机能有这些功能肯定是因为技术的进步。故选C项。 26. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，在不久的将来，很容易想象更多的功能，传感器将能够检测化学污染、局部照明条件、振动水平等。A. talents人才；B. capabilities功能；C. qualities品质；D. performances表演。根据上文的“a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels”和下文的“sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more”可知，此处说的是将来智能手机的功能。故选B项。 27. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这将开启一个市民能够参与城市管理的新时代，在这个时代，改善城市运行所需的数据部分是由市民通过智能手机应用程序自愿提供的。A. accidentally意外地；B. surprisingly惊人地，出人意料地；C. willingly自愿地；D. determinedly决然地。根据下文的“by its citizens via smartphone apps”可知，市民通过手机提供的数据肯定是市民自愿提供的。故选C项。 28. 考查形容词/名词词义辨析。句意：在我们面对这个新时代时，它也提出了必须处理的复杂社会问题，但同样为公民提供了在改善他们的社区中发挥积极作用的机会，不仅在报告关键的环境和交通数据，而且在解决他们遇到的问题中发挥积极作用。A. confidential机密的；B. efficiency效率；C. biological生物的；D. social社会的。根据下文的“not only in the reporting of critical environmental and transportation data, but in taking an active role in solving the problems they have encountered”可知，此处说的是社会问题。故选D项。 29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们面对这个新时代时，它也提出了必须处理的复杂社会问题，但同样为公民提供了在改善他们的社区中发挥积极作用的机会，不仅在报告关键的环境和交通数据，而且在解决他们遇到的问题中发挥积极作用。A. community社区；B. performance表现；C. unity统一；D. recreation娱乐。根据上一段的“This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management”可知，此处指的是让市民参与城市管理，在改善他们的社区中发挥作用。故选A项。 30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将是一个合作和知情的努力，通过信息技术促进社会转型，以应对我们的城市在未来几十年面临的日益增长的挑战。A. cost-effective划算的；成本效益好的；B. unconscious昏迷的，不省人事的；C. demanding要求高的；苛刻的D. cooperative合作的。根据上文“This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management, where the very data required to improve city operations is in part 　12　 provided by its citizens via smartphone apps. ”可知，让市民参与城市管理并通过手机提供数据，这肯定是需要多方协作的。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高二上·辽宁辽阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, the call center operators face stress from customers’ anger every day. Therefore, some companies even introduce stress management programs to help reduce their employees’ 31 (anxious). However, one Japanese company may have come up 32 a much more efficient solution. They’re using AI to completely remove screaming and aggressive speech. The company claims to have spent three years 33 (create) a voice filter (过滤器) that detects screaming and 34 (automatic) translates it into calm speech. The company’s voice filter consists of two stages, one in which the AI identifies an angry voice, and a second 35 it uses tools to transform it into a more natural, even polite tone. Interestingly, the filter doesn’t change any of the words 36 (speak) by the person, but significantly softens the intonation (语调). 37 (train) the AI, the company’s engineers asked 10 actors to record at least 100 common phrases including screams, threats, and demands for an apology. In total, more than 10, 000 pieces of voice data 38 (use) to train the AI filter. Although it’s 39 (clear) when the company plans to use the new scream-filtering AI in their call centers, 40 will be interesting to see how well it works and how it impacts the emotional well-being of operators. 【答案】 31. anxiety 32. with 33. creating 34. automatically 35. where 36. spoken 37. To train 38. were used 39. unclear 40. it 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】发明与创造 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一家日本公司研发出了一款人工智能变声器，可以检测出愤怒的尖叫声并将其转化为语调温柔的声音，从而减轻呼叫中心操作员所面临的压力。 31. 考查名词。句意：因此，一些公司甚至引入压力管理项目来帮助减少员工的焦虑。空处作宾语，前面有名词所有格，故使用名词形式，anxiety是不可数名词，故填anxiety。 32. 考查介词。句意：然而，一家日本公司可能已经提出了一个更有效的解决方案。come up with“提出”，固定短语，故填with。 33. 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司声称，他们花了三年时间发明了一种声音过滤器，可以检测到尖叫，并自动将其转换为平静的语音。spend…doing sth“花费……做某事”，固定短语，空处用动名词作宾语。故填creating。 34. 考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词translates，应填副词作状语，故填automatically。 35. 考查定语从句。句意：该公司的语音过滤包括两个阶段，第一阶段是人工智能识别愤怒的声音，第二阶段是使用工具将其转换为更自然、甚至更礼貌的语气。空处引导定语从句，先行词是second，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导，故填where。 36. 考查非谓语动词。句意：有趣的是，这个过滤器并没有改变这个人说的任何单词，而是显著地软化了语调。speak和words之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填spoken。 37. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了训练人工智能，该公司的工程师要求10名演员录制至少100个常见短语，包括尖叫、威胁和要求道歉。此处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To train。 38. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：总共有超过10,000条语音数据被用于训练人工智能过滤器。主语more than 10, 000 pieces of voice data和动词use之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were used。 39. 考查形容词。句意：虽然目前还不清楚该公司计划何时在他们的呼叫中心使用新的尖叫过滤人工智能，但看看它的工作效果如何，以及它如何影响接线员的情绪健康，将是一件有趣的事情。结合句意可知，此处指“不清楚”，使用形容词unclear作表语，故填unclear。 40. 考查代词。句意同上。空处使用it作形式主语，后面的不定式短语是真正的主语，故填it。 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 41. （24-25高二上·上海·阶段练习）假如你是某国际中学生论坛的发言代表，请以“未来的生活”为主题，用120-150字写一篇英文发言稿，描述你对2050年生活的设想。内容包括但不限于： 1. 未来科技对人类生活的影响； 2. 社会环境的变化（如教育、交通、健康等）； 3. 你希望未来生活具备的特点。 可适当发挥，使文章连贯，文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Ladies and Gentlemen, fellow students from around the globe, As we stand on the brink of a new era, let us imagine the life we aspire to in 2050. Our social environment will witness profound transformations. Autonomous vehicles will dominate our roadways, reducing accidents and traffic congestion, while public transportation will become more efficient and eco-friendly. In health, personalized medicine and advanced diagnostics will enable early detection and treatment of diseases, leading to longer, healthier lives. Virtual reality will revolutionize education, making learning experiences immersive and accessible to all. In this future, I hope our lives are characterized by balance. With technology augmenting our capabilities, we should strive for work-life harmony, nurturing mental well-being and fostering stronger community ties. Let us aim for a world where technology empowers, rather than overwhelms, ensuring a future that is both progressive and humane. 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】畅想未来 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“未来的生活”为主题，写一篇英文发言稿，描述对2050年生活的设想。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 想象：imagine→picture 改变：transformation→change 而不是：rather than→instead of 确保：ensure→make sure 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Virtual reality will revolutionize education, making learning experiences immersive and accessible to all. 拓展句：Virtual reality will revolutionize education, which makes learning experiences immersive and accessible to all. 【点睛】[高分句型1] As we stand on the brink of a new era, let us imagine the life we aspire to in 2050. (运用了as引导时间状语从句和省略关系词的定语从句) [高分句型2] Virtual reality will revolutionize education, making learning experiences immersive and accessible to all. (运用了现在分词作状语) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$