精品解析：2025届广东省建文教育集团高三1月第一次模拟考试英语试题

广东省建文教育集团两学部1月第一次模拟 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A The Museum of Science and Industry (MOSI) The Museum of Science and Industry, commonly referred to as MOSI, enjoys a reputation for distinction in Tampa, Florida. Since the inception of the 1980s, MOSI has served as a confluence where individuals of diverse age groups can immerse themselves in the realms of technological advancements and scientific discoveries. The institution boasts an array of exhibits, and prior to departing, one may peruse its gift shop to procure mementos for their kin and acquaintances. Air Force Armament (空军装备) Museum (AFAM) A singular institution in Florida is the Air Force Armament Museum. This museum is situated on the Eglin Air Force Base, a short distance north of Fort Walton Beach. Established in 1975, it stands as the sole museum in the nation that is entirely devoted to the subject of Air Force Armament. One of the most appealing aspects of visiting this museum is the absence of an admission fee! The Florida Museum of Natural History (FMNH) Should you find yourself in Gainesville in search of an exemplary activity, the Florida Museum of Natural History presents itself as an optimal choice. Proximity to the University of Florida and state sponsorship contribute to its prominence. The museum's collections are nothing short of astonishing. Given its focus on natural history, it offers an engaging and educational experience for both adults and children. Admission to the museum is complimentary for all visitors. St. Augustine Pirate (海盗) & Treasure Museum (APTM) In St. Augustine, Florida, lies a grand and distinctive museum. The St. Augustine Pirate & Treasure Museum delves into the maritime history of pirates. Initially located in Key West, it relocated to St. Augustine in 2010. As you traverse the exhibits, you are transported back in time, spanning over three centuries, to Port Royal, Jamaica. A significant portion of the museum's displays originates from that era. 1. What can you do for your family while visiting MOSI? A. Take some pictures. B. Buy some gifts. C. Choose some exhibits. D. Record what you see. 2. What do AFAM and FMNH have in common? A. They are run by the state. B. They are set up in the 1970s. C. They are free for visitors. D. They show natural history. 3. Where will you go if you are interested in the pirates’ history? A. The Museum of Science and Industry. B. Air Force Armament Museum. C. The Florida Museum of Natural History. D. St. Augustine Pirate Treasure Museum. B Ryan is a young individual of commendable character, consistently achieving stellar academic results, demonstrating proficiency in the sport of lacrosse, and enjoying widespread admiration. Consequently, Jennifer and her spouse perceived no evident reason to withhold an Instagram account from their son, who was in the sixth grade, until Ryan posted an image of himself grasping an empty beer bottle that his father had just drained. “My husband observed the photograph materialize on Ryan’s profile and promptly ascended the stairs, insisting that he remove it without delay,” Jennifer narrates. “I surmise that my son did not grasp the severity of the impression his picture conveyed. He was endeavoring to be humorous, yet he is still in the sixth grade! Even if he was simply posing, that image was exceedingly inappropriate.” With the burgeoning popularity of the photo-sharing platform Instagram, it is not uncommon for parents to cultivate a misplaced sense of security. Unlike Facebook or Twitter, which encompass a more extensive array of content, Instagram is predominantly dedicated to the posting of images. Coupled with the age requirement of 13 and its privacy settings, it appears to be an almost innocuous site for children. How much mischief could they conceivably cause? However, this is not the actuality. Surprisingly, some youngsters are resorting to paying for attention on social media. When Paula Pryor detected an enigmatic charge of $700 on her credit card, the last thing she anticipated was that it was a payment to a company that facilitated the acquisition of “likes” for Instagram photographs. “My son Hayden believed it was merely ten dollars, but it was ten dollars per ‘like’,” Pryor elucidates. Often, the cause for concern is not one's own adolescent—it’s someone else’s child. Megan Koster was perplexed as to why her daughter Delaney suddenly became so apprehensive about whether her panty line was discernible through her jeans. Eventually, Delaney disclosed that she was worried someone might capture a photograph and post it on Instagram. “I don't think I would have survived middle school if websites like this had existed back then,” Koster laments. 4. What made Jennifer think her son Ryan could have an Instagram account？ A. He gained popularity in school. B. He was skilled at using Instagram. C. He showed interest in taking photos. D. He was old enough and behaved well. 5. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to？ A. Instagram accounts. B. Social media. C Pictures. D. Children. 6. Why did Pryor’s son pay the company ＄700？ A. To obtain the picture he liked. B. To pay attention to social media. C. To get his photos noticed and liked. D. To pay the charge on his credit card. 7. What’s the text mainly about？ A. Teen's problems with Instagram. B. Inappropriate pictures from children. C. The influence of the Internet on young users. D. Concerns for the Internet security for children. C This year has brought some exciting developments in the field of space exploration. The new spacecraft “Starship,” developed through a collaboration between SpaceX and NASA, successfully launched and returned to Earth in September. This achievement marks a significant step forward in humanity’s journey into space. Space exploration has long been a dream for humanity, as it not only expands our horizons but also has the potential to unlock new resources and knowledge. The vastness of space offers countless opportunities for scientific discovery and technological advancement. For instance, the exploration of other planets and celestial bodies could lead to breakthroughs in understanding the origins of the universe and the possibility of life beyond Earth. In July, the International Space Agency (ISA) fully approved the use of advanced propulsion systems for future missions. This technology is designed to “increase the speed and efficiency of spacecraft, allowing them to travel farther and faster than ever before,” according to space expert Dr. Emily Johnson. As a result, these systems can only be effective for missions that require long-duration travel, such as those to Mars or the outer planets. However, space exploration is not without its challenges. According to the ISA’s press release, after a 79-week trial of the new propulsion systems, it was found that while they could enhance the capabilities of spacecraft, they could not yet overcome all the obstacles associated with deep space travel, such as radiation exposure and the psychological impact on astronauts. What they offer is a way for space missions to achieve more ambitious goals and push the boundaries of human exploration. According to the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs at least 90 countries are currently involved in space activities, with the number of space missions increasing rapidly each year. As scientists continue to make efforts, there is growing hope that they can one day create a future where space exploration is not only feasible but also sustainable. 8. What excites space enthusiasts about recent developments? A. A collaboration between SpaceX and NASA. B. The vastness of space. C. The launch of a new spacecraft. D. The possibility of life beyond Earth. 9. In what way are advanced propulsion systems effective for space missions? A. They can detect obstacles in space. B. They can overcome all challenges of deep space travel. C. They can be used for short-duration missions. D. They can increase speed and efficiency for long-duration travel. 10. What is the author’s attitude toward the future of space exploration? A. Doubtful. B. Uncaring. C. Positive. D. Negative. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Advances in Space Exploration Technology B. The Promise of New Spacecraft for Future Missions C. The Challenges and Rewards of Space Exploration D. The Role of Propulsion Systems in Space Travel D For years, music industry experts have warned that technological changes could lead to a shift in music consumption patterns, a decline in album sales, and challenges for traditional record labels. However, there’s a silver lining: In Silicon Valley, one of the world‘s major tech hubs, technological innovation may actually enhance the music experience — for now. A 70-year analysis of music critic scores in Silicon Valley, combined with data on technological advancements, showed that the quality of music — based on factors such as creativity and production value — has improved over time, according to a study. From 1950 to 2020, researchers examined the variations in overall music quality in Silicon Valley. The team’s statistical models tested how music quality was related to technological factors such as the availability of digital platforms, advancements in sound engineering, and the ease of music distribution. The highest-quality music emerged during periods of rapid technological innovation, with increased access to digital platforms, improved sound quality, and more efficient distribution methods. Technological advancements are expected to make these conditions more prevalent in the region. For instance, it is predicted that by 2050, advancements in artificial intelligence will revolutionize music production, allowing for more complex and innovative compositions. Digital platforms have also democratized music distribution, enabling independent artists to reach wider audiences. Study leader Emily was surprised to find that increased investment in music technology during periods of economic downturn resulted in higher quality music for the following years. “Traditionally, we focus on the immediate impact of technology on music production. However, the infrastructure built during these times has a lasting effect on the industry,” says Emily. More investment in technology might lead to better resources and tools for artists. “Empowered artists create better music,” says Emily. 12. What may be the effect of technological innovation on music in Silicon Valley in paragraph 1? A. The music experience is enhanced. B. The cost of music production is higher. C. The number of record labels increases. D. The quality of music is lower. 13. What’s the purpose of the example in paragraph 4? A. To make a comparison. B. To arouse readers' interest. C. To give a recommendation. D. To explain the author's opinion. 14. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The impact of economic conditions on music technology. B The positive effects of increased investment on music quality. C. The importance of traditional music production methods. D. The role of independent artists in the music industry. 15. In which section of a website can we read this text? A. Science. B. Lifestyle. C. Technology. D. Entertainment. 二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 In order to recover from mental distress, there’s really no alternative but to get acquainted with psychotherapy. ____16____ Every human is in part neurotic (神经质). A neurosis is any pattern of thinking or behavior that blocks our personalities and potential. ____17____. It should be part of every evolved human’s mission to seek to understand the neurotic elements of their own personalities. The enquiry “And how are you neurotic?” should not be taken as an insult rather a sensible request for more information on our particular flaws. The origins of most of our neuroses lie in our childhoods ____18____. A trauma (创伤) may be continuous petty criticism or emotional neglect. Something qualities as a trauma because the child isn’t able to make sense of the extreme pain and therefore suffers a serious blow to its command of trust, intelligence, and love. ____19____ Where there is an over-controlling parent, there will be a child with problems around autonomy (自主权). Where there is a belittling parent, there will be a child with difficulties of confidence and self-esteem. Every character flaw on the side of the parent necessarily imposes a toll on a child. Healing comes through self-awareness. To improve, we need to get rid of the state of depression and recover contact with the original trauma. And in order to do that, we need to accept that doing so would be a good idea. ____20____. It won’t be enough to know the past, we will need to feel it too. We may have a practical sense of the central details of our childhoods, but an intellectual grasp won’t be enough. We need to sincerely reexperience rather than merely intellectually know the past to free ourselves from its hold. Our neuroses will weaken or dissolve once the traumas are finally known and, even more importantly, felt. A. Parents tend to give rise to a neurosis. B. Its central ideas can be summarized as follows. C. We have to agree that self-knowledge will be what can save us. D. Parents assist their children in figuring out the difficulties. E. Trauma leads to depression which overtime inspires the formation of neurotic symptoms. F. What causes neuroses are intolerable frustrations and pains that we can refer to as traumas. G. We may be neurotic in love or at work, in our friendships or in our attitudes to creativity or politics. 三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 London life for Cathy Hagner and her three children is set to be permanent. Their ____21____ school day and her job as a lawyer’s assistant are busy enough. But Hagner also has to take the two boys to soccer or hockey or basketball while ____22____ off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club. Often, the ____23____ family doesn’t get home until 7 pm. There is just time for a quick supper before homework. In today’s world middle class American and British parents ____24____ their children as if they were competitors ____25____ for some finishing line. Parents take their children from activity to activity to make their future ____26____. It seems that raising a genius has become a more ____27____ goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child. ____28____ are dealing with worn-out children in the classroom. It’s a very serious problem. Many children ____29____ after-class clubs by necessity. But competitive pressures also create a/an ______30______ of activities, which ______31______ sports, language, music and maths classes for children as young as four. “There is a new parenting trend under way which says you have to ______32______ all your child’s potential at a young age, otherwise they will be ______33______,” says Terry Apter, an expert on child problems. “It isn’t entirely ______34______: there have always been pushy parents. But what was seen as strange behavior before is now well ______35______. 21. A. half B. full C. meaningful D. relaxing 22. A. seeing B. sending C. dropping D. taking 23. A. exhausted B. loving C. energetic D. nuclear 24. A. assess B. encourage C. remind D. treat 25. A. hoping B. racing C. calling D. caring 26. A. challenging B. exciting C. promising D. inviting 27. A. realistic B. specific C. difficult D. important 28. A. Doctors B. Parents C. Headmasters D. Teachers 29. A. start B. attend C. skip D. prefer 30. A. lack B. establishment C. explosion D. business 31. A. practice B. enjoy C. teach D. include 32. A. unlock B. fulfill C. show D. record 33. A. let down B. pushed off C. laughed at D. taken over 34. A. new B. out-dated C. wrong D. right 35. A. respected B. done C. accepted D. managed 四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Getting angry could help you achieve your goals, a new research suggests. Often ___36___ (perceive) as a negative emotion, anger can actually be powerful ___37___ (motivate) for people to meet challenging targets in their lives. It is useful in achieving more challenging goals, ___38___ does not appear to be linked to easier tasks.The finding also suggests emotions that are often considered negative,such as anger,boredom,or sadness,can be useful. Lead author Heather Lench, a professor at Texas A and M University, USA, stated that people often believed a state of happiness was___39___ ideal, and the majority of people regarded the pursuit of happiness as a major life goal.” The view that positive emotions are perfect for mental health and well being ___40___ (be) noticeable in psychological accounts of emotion, but many researches suggest a mix of emotions, including negative emotions like anger, result in ___41___ (good) outcomes.” She added that the functionalist theory of emotion suggests that all emotions, good or bad, are reactions ___42___ events within a person’s environment and serve the purpose of alerting that person to important situations that require actions. In the study researchers conducted experiments___43___ (involve) more than 1,000 people, and analyzed survey data from more than 1,400 respondents. The researchers found that anger increased effort towards attaining a desired goal, ___44___ (frequent) leading to greater success and the effects of anger in encouraging people to reach for and achieve their goals were specific to situations ____45____ the goals were more difficult to realize. 五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。 46. 假定你是李华，你将要参加一场演讲比赛，主题是“言之有理和言之有物哪一个更重要”，请你写演讲稿，内容包括： 1.你的观点； 2.原因。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 读后续写 It was my inaugural year as an educator in a special needs classroom, and I harbored a degree of uncertainty regarding what to anticipate at our annual Special Olympics track meet. My students presented a spectrum of challenges, ranging from mild learning disabilities to severe palsy. Mark was one of the latter, confined to a motorized wheelchair and constantly battling his spasms to maintain control over his movements. Despite this, he consistently exhibited a positive disposition, greeting everyone each morning with an expansive smile. His classmates held him in high regard and made a concerted effort to ensure his inclusion in group activities. This was particularly evident with Mike, Andy, and Lucas, three boys who excelled in sports. In my heart, I knew Mark aspired to be like them, unencumbered by the physical limitations that bound him, and the grace with which they navigated the playing field seemed to captivate him with a sense of wonder. He never missed their competitions and was always their most ardent supporter. Witnessing Mike, Andy, and Lucas cross the finish line, Mark’s excitement was palpable. On the day of the track and field event, Mike, Andy, and Lucas performed admirably in their heats, providing the typically tranquil crowd with ample reason to cheer. Mark, seated on the sidelines, enthusiastically cheered them on, though he finished last in his own heat due to the limitations of his wheelchair’s speed. The culminating event of the day was the 400-meter race, in which everyone was invited to participate, either by walking or running, according to their capabilities, around the entire circumference of the track. We observed as the sprinters launched into action — Mike, Andy, and Lucas, each intent on demonstrating their athletic prowess. However, as the trio of exhausted runners reached the finish line, they paused and turned to survey the scene behind them. At the rear of the crowd, resolutely determined not to be left behind, was Mark. His classmates had already surpassed him, and even the slowest walkers were outpacing him. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Mark was alone on the track with over half the distance left to cover. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mark was moved to see his three friends come back and run with him _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 广东省建文教育集团两学部1月第一次模拟 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A The Museum of Science and Industry (MOSI) The Museum of Science and Industry, commonly referred to as MOSI, enjoys a reputation for distinction in Tampa, Florida. Since the inception of the 1980s, MOSI has served as a confluence where individuals of diverse age groups can immerse themselves in the realms of technological advancements and scientific discoveries. The institution boasts an array of exhibits, and prior to departing, one may peruse its gift shop to procure mementos for their kin and acquaintances. Air Force Armament (空军装备) Museum (AFAM) A singular institution in Florida is the Air Force Armament Museum. This museum is situated on the Eglin Air Force Base, a short distance north of Fort Walton Beach. Established in 1975, it stands as the sole museum in the nation that is entirely devoted to the subject of Air Force Armament. One of the most appealing aspects of visiting this museum is the absence of an admission fee! The Florida Museum of Natural History (FMNH) Should you find yourself in Gainesville in search of an exemplary activity, the Florida Museum of Natural History presents itself as an optimal choice. Proximity to the University of Florida and state sponsorship contribute to its prominence. The museum's collections are nothing short of astonishing. Given its focus on natural history, it offers an engaging and educational experience for both adults and children. Admission to the museum is complimentary for all visitors. St. Augustine Pirate (海盗) & Treasure Museum (APTM) In St. Augustine, Florida, lies a grand and distinctive museum. The St. Augustine Pirate & Treasure Museum delves into the maritime history of pirates. Initially located in Key West, it relocated to St. Augustine in 2010. As you traverse the exhibits, you are transported back in time, spanning over three centuries, to Port Royal, Jamaica. A significant portion of the museum's displays originates from that era. 1. What can you do for your family while visiting MOSI? A. Take some pictures. B. Buy some gifts. C. Choose some exhibits. D. Record what you see. 2. What do AFAM and FMNH have in common? A. They are run by the state. B. They are set up in the 1970s. C. They are free for visitors. D. They show natural history. 3. Where will you go if you are interested in the pirates’ history? A. The Museum of Science and Industry. B. Air Force Armament Museum. C. The Florida Museum of Natural History. D. St. Augustine Pirate Treasure Museum. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了佛罗里达州几个著名的博物馆。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Museum of Science and Industry, commonly referred to as MOSI…one may peruse its gift shop to procure mementos for their kin and acquaintances.(科学与工业博物馆，通常简称为MOSI……人们可以浏览其礼品店，为亲朋好友采购纪念品。)”可知，在参观MOSI时，可以为家人买一些礼物。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Air Force Armament (空军装备) Museum (AFAM)部分的“One of the most appealing aspects of visiting this museum is the absence of an admission fee.(参观这个博物馆最吸引人的地方之一就是不需要门票。)”和文章The Florida Museum of Natural History (FMNH)部分的“Admission to the museum is complimentary for all visitors.(博物馆对所有游客免费开放。)”可知，AFAM和FMNH的共同之处是它们对游客免费。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The St. Augustine Pirate & Treasure Museum delves into the maritime history of pirates.(圣奥古斯丁海盗与珍宝博物馆深入探讨了海盗的海上历史。)”可知，如果对海盗历史感兴趣，可以去圣奥古斯丁海盗珍宝博物馆。故选D。 B Ryan is a young individual of commendable character, consistently achieving stellar academic results, demonstrating proficiency in the sport of lacrosse, and enjoying widespread admiration. Consequently, Jennifer and her spouse perceived no evident reason to withhold an Instagram account from their son, who was in the sixth grade, until Ryan posted an image of himself grasping an empty beer bottle that his father had just drained. “My husband observed the photograph materialize on Ryan’s profile and promptly ascended the stairs, insisting that he remove it without delay,” Jennifer narrates. “I surmise that my son did not grasp the severity of the impression his picture conveyed. He was endeavoring to be humorous, yet he is still in the sixth grade! Even if he was simply posing, that image was exceedingly inappropriate.” With the burgeoning popularity of the photo-sharing platform Instagram, it is not uncommon for parents to cultivate a misplaced sense of security. Unlike Facebook or Twitter, which encompass a more extensive array of content, Instagram is predominantly dedicated to the posting of images. Coupled with the age requirement of 13 and its privacy settings, it appears to be an almost innocuous site for children. How much mischief could they conceivably cause? However, this is not the actuality. Surprisingly, some youngsters are resorting to paying for attention on social media. When Paula Pryor detected an enigmatic charge of $700 on her credit card, the last thing she anticipated was that it was a payment to a company that facilitated the acquisition of “likes” for Instagram photographs. “My son Hayden believed it was merely ten dollars, but it was ten dollars per ‘like’,” Pryor elucidates. Often, the cause for concern is not one's own adolescent—it’s someone else’s child. Megan Koster was perplexed as to why her daughter Delaney suddenly became so apprehensive about whether her panty line was discernible through her jeans. Eventually, Delaney disclosed that she was worried someone might capture a photograph and post it on Instagram. “I don't think I would have survived middle school if websites like this had existed back then,” Koster laments. 4. What made Jennifer think her son Ryan could have an Instagram account？ A. He gained popularity in school. B. He was skilled at using Instagram. C. He showed interest in taking photos. D. He was old enough and behaved well. 5. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to？ A. Instagram accounts. B. Social media. C. Pictures. D. Children. 6. Why did Pryor’s son pay the company ＄700？ A. To obtain the picture he liked. B To pay attention to social media. C. To get his photos noticed and liked. D. To pay the charge on his credit card. 7. What’s the text mainly about？ A. Teen's problems with Instagram. B. Inappropriate pictures from children. C. The influence of the Internet on young users. D. Concerns for the Internet security for children. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了青少年使用Instagram时出现的问题，如发布不恰当图片、购买关注等。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Ryan is a young individual of commendable character, consistently achieving stellar academic results, demonstrating proficiency in the sport of lacrosse, and enjoying widespread admiration. Consequently, Jennifer and her spouse perceived no evident reason to withhold an Instagram account from their son, who was in the sixth grade, until Ryan posted an image of himself grasping an empty beer bottle that his father had just drained.(Ryan是一个值得称赞的年轻人，一直取得优异的学业成绩，在长曲棍球运动中表现出熟练，并广受赞赏。因此，Jennifer和她的丈夫觉得没有明显的理由不让他们上六年级的儿子使用Instagram账号，直到Ryan发了一张自己拿着父亲刚喝干的空啤酒瓶的照片。)”可知，Jennifer认为Ryan表现良好，因此允许他拥有Instagram账户，故选D项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文的句子“Unlike Facebook or Twitter, which encompass a more extensive array of content, Instagram is predominantly dedicated to the posting of images. Coupled with the age requirement of 13 and its privacy settings, it appears to be an almost innocuous site for children.( Facebook和Twitter的内容范围更广，而Instagram主要致力于发布图片。再加上13岁的年龄要求和它的隐私设置，它似乎是一个对儿童几乎无害的网站。)”可知，Instagram似乎是一个对儿童几乎无害的网站。再结合划线单词所在的句子“How much mischief could they conceivably cause?(他们能造成多大的伤害？)”可知，they指的是Instagram网站上的账户。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Surprisingly, some youngsters are resorting to paying for attention on social media. When Paula Pryor detected an enigmatic charge of $700 on her credit card, the last thing she anticipated was that it was a payment to a company that facilitated the acquisition of "likes" for Instagram photographs. “My son Hayden believed it was merely ten dollars, but it was ten dollars per ‘like’,” Pryor elucidates. (令人惊讶的是，一些年轻人正在求助于社交媒体来吸引关注。当Paula Pryor发现自己的信用卡上有一笔神秘的700美元支出时，她万万没想到的是，这是一笔支付给一家帮助Instagram照片获得“赞”的公司的款项。普赖尔解释说：“我儿子Hayden以为只要10美元，但实际上每个‘赞’都要10美元。”)”可知，Pryor的儿子支付700美元是为了让他的照片获得关注和点赞。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了青少年使用Instagram时出现的问题，如发布不恰当图片、购买关注等。所以，A项“Teen’s problems with Instagram.(青少年与Instagram的问题。)”可以概况本文的主要内容。故选A。 C This year has brought some exciting developments in the field of space exploration. The new spacecraft “Starship,” developed through a collaboration between SpaceX and NASA, successfully launched and returned to Earth in September. This achievement marks a significant step forward in humanity’s journey into space. Space exploration has long been a dream for humanity, as it not only expands our horizons but also has the potential to unlock new resources and knowledge. The vastness of space offers countless opportunities for scientific discovery and technological advancement. For instance, the exploration of other planets and celestial bodies could lead to breakthroughs in understanding the origins of the universe and the possibility of life beyond Earth. In July, the International Space Agency (ISA) fully approved the use of advanced propulsion systems for future missions. This technology is designed to “increase the speed and efficiency of spacecraft, allowing them to travel farther and faster than ever before,” according to space expert Dr. Emily Johnson. As a result, these systems can only be effective for missions that require long-duration travel, such as those to Mars or the outer planets. However, space exploration is not without its challenges. According to the ISA’s press release, after a 79-week trial of the new propulsion systems, it was found that while they could enhance the capabilities of spacecraft, they could not yet overcome all the obstacles associated with deep space travel, such as radiation exposure and the psychological impact on astronauts. What they offer is a way for space missions to achieve more ambitious goals and push the boundaries of human exploration. According to the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, at least 90 countries are currently involved in space activities, with the number of space missions increasing rapidly each year. As scientists continue to make efforts, there is growing hope that they can one day create a future where space exploration is not only feasible but also sustainable. 8. What excites space enthusiasts about recent developments? A. A collaboration between SpaceX and NASA. B. The vastness of space. C. The launch of a new spacecraft. D. The possibility of life beyond Earth. 9. In what way are advanced propulsion systems effective for space missions? A. They can detect obstacles in space. B. They can overcome all challenges of deep space travel. C. They can be used for short-duration missions. D. They can increase speed and efficiency for long-duration travel. 10. What is the author’s attitude toward the future of space exploration? A. Doubtful. B. Uncaring. C. Positive. D. Negative. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Advances in Space Exploration Technology B. The Promise of New Spacecraft for Future Missions C. The Challenges and Rewards of Space Exploration D. The Role of Propulsion Systems in Space Travel 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太空探索的挑战以及其带来的机遇和奖励。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“This year has brought some exciting developments in the field of space exploration. The new spacecraft “Starship,” developed through a collaboration between SpaceX and NASA, successfully launched and returned to Earth in September.(今年在太空探索领域取得了一些令人兴奋的进展。由SpaceX和NASA合作开发的新型宇宙飞船“星际飞船”于9月成功发射并返回地球)”可知，太空探索爱好者对新飞船的发射感到兴奋，故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This technology is designed to “increase the speed and efficiency of spacecraft, allowing them to travel farther and faster than ever before,” according to space expert Dr. Emily Johnson. As a result, these systems can only be effective for missions that require long-duration travel, such as those to Mars or the outer planets.(据太空专家艾米丽·约翰逊博士介绍，这项技术旨在“提高航天器的速度和效率，使它们比以往任何时候都能飞得更远更快”。因此，这些系统只能对需要长时间旅行的任务有效，比如去火星或外行星的任务)”可知，先进的推进系统可以提高长途旅行的速度和效率。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As scientists continue to make efforts, there is growing hope that they can one day create a future where space exploration is not only feasible but also sustainable.(随着科学家们的不断努力，人们越来越希望有一天他们能创造一个太空探索不仅可行而且可持续的未来)”可知，作者对太空探索的未来持积极态度，故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Space exploration has long been a dream for humanity, as it not only expands our horizons but also has the potential to unlock new resources and knowledge.(太空探索一直是人类的梦想，因为它不仅扩大了我们的视野，而且有可能解锁新的资源和知识)”以及第四段“However, space exploration is not without its challenges.(然而，太空探索并非没有挑战)”结合文章主要说明了太空探索的挑战以及其带来的机遇和奖励。可知，C选项“太空探索的挑战与回报”最符合文章标题。故选C。 D For years, music industry experts have warned that technological changes could lead to a shift in music consumption patterns, a decline in album sales, and challenges for traditional record labels. However, there’s a silver lining: In Silicon Valley, one of the world‘s major tech hubs, technological innovation may actually enhance the music experience — for now. A 70-year analysis of music critic scores in Silicon Valley, combined with data on technological advancements, showed that the quality of music — based on factors such as creativity and production value — has improved over time, according to a study. From 1950 to 2020, researchers examined the variations in overall music quality in Silicon Valley. The team’s statistical models tested how music quality was related to technological factors such as the availability of digital platforms, advancements in sound engineering, and the ease of music distribution. The highest-quality music emerged during periods of rapid technological innovation, with increased access to digital platforms, improved sound quality, and more efficient distribution methods. Technological advancements are expected to make these conditions more prevalent in the region. For instance, it is predicted that by 2050, advancements in artificial intelligence will revolutionize music production, allowing for more complex and innovative compositions. Digital platforms have also democratized music distribution, enabling independent artists to reach wider audiences. Study leader Emily was surprised to find that increased investment in music technology during periods of economic downturn resulted in higher quality music for the following years. “Traditionally, we focus on the immediate impact of technology on music production. However, the infrastructure built during these times has a lasting effect on the industry,” says Emily. More investment in technology might lead to better resources and tools for artists. “Empowered artists create better music,” says Emily. 12. What may be the effect of technological innovation on music in Silicon Valley in paragraph 1? A. The music experience is enhanced. B. The cost of music production is higher. C. The number of record labels increases. D. The quality of music is lower. 13. What’s the purpose of the example in paragraph 4? A. To make a comparison. B. To arouse readers' interest. C. To give a recommendation. D. To explain the author's opinion. 14. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The impact of economic conditions on music technology. B. The positive effects of increased investment on music quality. C. The importance of traditional music production methods. D. The role of independent artists in the music industry. 15. In which section of a website can we read this text? A. Science. B. Lifestyle. C. Technology. D. Entertainment. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述技术创新实际上可能会增强音乐体验. 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In Silicon Valley, one of the world’s major tech hubs, technological innovation may actually enhance the music experience — for now.(在硅谷这个世界上主要的科技中心之一，技术创新实际上可能会增强音乐体验——就目前而言。)”可知，技术创新对硅谷音乐的影响是音乐体验得到增强。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The highest-quality music emerged during periods of rapid technological innovation, with increased access to digital platforms, improved sound quality, and more efficient distribution methods. Technological advancements are expected to make these conditions more prevalent in the region.(最高质量的音乐出现在快速的技术创新时期，随着数字平台的增加，音质的提高，以及更有效的发行方法。预计技术进步将使这些情况在该区域更加普遍。)”可知，作者在第四段陈述自己的观点：关于技术创新对音乐质量提升的影响，紧接着用一个例子进行解释。因此第四段的例子是为了解释作者观点。故选D。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Study leader Emily was surprised to find that increased investment in music technology during periods of economic downturn resulted in higher quality music for the following years.(研究负责人艾米丽惊讶地发现，在经济低迷时期增加对音乐技术的投资，会在接下来的几年里产生更高质量的音乐。)”可知，本段主要讲述经济衰退时期，增加对音乐技术的投资对音乐质量的提升有积极影响。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“However, there’s a silver lining: In Silicon Valley, one of the world's major tech hubs, technological innovation may actually enhance the music experience — for now.(然而，还是有一线希望的：在硅谷这个世界上主要的科技中心之一，技术创新实际上可能会增强音乐体验——就目前而言。)”可知文章开头通过转折的句式提出新的观点，即文章主旨：技术创新对音乐体验会产生促进作用。因此本文主要讨论音乐产业，因此文章来源于娱乐版块。故选D。 二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 In order to recover from mental distress, there’s really no alternative but to get acquainted with psychotherapy. ____16____ Every human is in part neurotic (神经质). A neurosis is any pattern of thinking or behavior that blocks our personalities and potential. ____17____. It should be part of every evolved human’s mission to seek to understand the neurotic elements of their own personalities. The enquiry “And how are you neurotic?” should not be taken as an insult rather a sensible request for more information on our particular flaws. The origins of most of our neuroses lie in our childhoods ____18____. A trauma (创伤) may be continuous petty criticism or emotional neglect. Something qualities as a trauma because the child isn’t able to make sense of the extreme pain and therefore suffers a serious blow to its command of trust, intelligence, and love. ____19____ Where there is an over-controlling parent, there will be a child with problems around autonomy (自主权). Where there is a belittling parent, there will be a child with difficulties of confidence and self-esteem. Every character flaw on the side of the parent necessarily imposes a toll on a child. Healing comes through self-awareness. To improve, we need to get rid of the state of depression and recover contact with the original trauma. And in order to do that, we need to accept that doing so would be a good idea. ____20____. It won’t be enough to know the past, we will need to feel it too. We may have a practical sense of the central details of our childhoods, but an intellectual grasp won’t be enough. We need to sincerely reexperience rather than merely intellectually know the past to free ourselves from its hold. Our neuroses will weaken or dissolve once the traumas are finally known and, even more importantly, felt. A. Parents tend to give rise to a neurosis. B. Its central ideas can be summarized as follows. C. We have to agree that self-knowledge will be what can save us. D. Parents assist their children in figuring out the difficulties. E. Trauma leads to depression which overtime inspires the formation of neurotic symptoms. F. What causes neuroses are intolerable frustrations and pains that we can refer to as traumas. G. We may be neurotic in love or at work, in our friendships or in our attitudes to creativity or politics. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要总结是一些心理治疗的中心思想。 【16题详解】 根据上文“In order to recover from mental distress, there’s really no alternative but to get acquainted with psychotherapy.(为了从精神痛苦中恢复过来，除了熟悉心理治疗之外，别无选择)”结合后文总结了心理治疗的特点。可知，本句为过渡句，引出后文心理治疗的中心思想。故B选项“它的中心思想可以概括如下”符合语境，故选B。 【17题详解】 根据小标题“Every human is in part neurotic (神经质).(每个人都有一部分神经质)”指出每个人都有一部分神经质；上文“A neurosis is any pattern of thinking or behavior that blocks our personalities and potential.(神经症是任何阻碍我们个性和潜力的思维或行为模式)”阐述了神经症的概念：任何阻碍我们个性和潜力的思维或行为模式；G选项“我们可能在爱情、工作、友谊、对创造力或政治的态度上都是神经质”承接上文指出，我们可能在某些方面神经质，与小标题阐述意思一致，符合语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 下文“A trauma (创伤) may be continuous petty criticism or emotional neglect. Something qualities as a trauma because the child isn’t able to make sense of the extreme pain and therefore suffers a serious blow to its command of trust, intelligence, and love.(创伤可能是持续的琐碎批评或情感忽视。有些东西被认为是创伤，因为孩子无法理解极端的痛苦，因此对信任、智力和爱的控制受到了严重的打击)”举例具体说明那些事情可能是创伤；由此推测本句与创伤有关，F选项“导致神经症的是无法忍受的挫折和痛苦，我们可以称之为创伤”阐述了什么是创伤，符合语境，F选项中“traumas”对应下文中的“trauma”。故选F。 【19题详解】 设空处为小标题；根据本段内容“Where there is an over-controlling parent, there will be a child with problems around autonomy (自主权). Where there is a belittling parent, there will be a child with difficulties of confidence and self-esteem. Every character flaw on the side of the parent necessarily imposes a toll on a child.(如果父母控制过度，孩子的自主性就会出现问题。哪里有一个轻视的父母，哪里就会有一个缺乏自信和自尊的孩子。父母性格上的每一个缺陷都必然对孩子造成伤害)”可知，本段的主旨是父母会导致孩子的神经症。故A选项“父母往往会导致神经症”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据小标题“Healing comes through self-awareness.(治愈来自于自我意识。)”以及上文“To improve, we need to get rid of the state of depression and recover contact with the original trauma. And in order to do that, we need to accept that doing so would be a good idea.(要改善，我们需要摆脱抑郁状态，恢复与原始创伤的接触。为了做到这一点，我们需要接受这样做是一个好主意)”可知，本段主要阐述要治愈或改善状况，必须认识到摆脱抑郁状态，恢复原始创伤是很好的做法；本句为本段最后一句，承接上文，指出需要接受原始创伤，才能拯救自我。故C选项“我们必须承认自我认识将拯救我们”符合语境，选项中的“self-knowledge will be what can save us”与小标题“Healing comes through self-awareness.”表达的意思一致。故选C。 三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 London life for Cathy Hagner and her three children is set to be permanent. Their ____21____ school day and her job as a lawyer’s assistant are busy enough. But Hagner also has to take the two boys to soccer or hockey or basketball while ____22____ off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club. Often, the ____23____ family doesn’t get home until 7 pm. There is just time for a quick supper before homework. In today’s world, middle class American and British parents ____24____ their children as if they were competitors ____25____ for some finishing line. Parents take their children from activity to activity to make their future ____26____. It seems that raising a genius has become a more ____27____ goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child. ____28____ are dealing with worn-out children in the classroom. It’s a very serious problem. Many children ____29____ after-class clubs by necessity. But competitive pressures also create a/an ______30______ of activities, which ______31______ sports, language, music and maths classes for children as young as four. “There is a new parenting trend under way which says you have to ______32______ all your child’s potential at a young age, otherwise they will be ______33______,” says Terry Apter, an expert on child problems. “It isn’t entirely ______34______: there have always been pushy parents. But what was seen as strange behavior before is now well ______35______. 21. A. half B. full C. meaningful D. relaxing 22. A. seeing B. sending C. dropping D. taking 23. A. exhausted B. loving C. energetic D. nuclear 24. A. assess B. encourage C. remind D. treat 25. A. hoping B. racing C. calling D. caring 26. A. challenging B. exciting C. promising D. inviting 27. A. realistic B. specific C. difficult D. important 28. A. Doctors B. Parents C. Headmasters D. Teachers 29. A. start B. attend C. skip D. prefer 30. A. lack B. establishment C. explosion D. business 31. A. practice B. enjoy C. teach D. include 32. A. unlock B. fulfill C. show D. record 33. A. let down B. pushed off C. laughed at D. taken over 34. A. new B. out-dated C. wrong D. right 35. A. respected B. done C. accepted D. managed 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在当今世界，美国和英国的中产阶级父母在孩子很小的时候就挖掘他们所有的潜力，让他们]参加各种课外活动，为了使他们能有更美好的未来，这给孩子的身心造成了极大的负担。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们一整天的学校生活和她作为律师助理的工作经够忙了。A. half一半的；B. full完全的；完整的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. relaxing放松的。根据空后“school day and her job as a lawyer’s assistant are busy enough.”可知，一家人的生活每天都很忙碌，由此可推断出，孩子们要上一整天的学，full school day意为“一整天的学校生活”，符合语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Hagner还得带两个男孩去踢足球、打冰球或打篮球，同时送女儿去上钢琴课或去女童子军俱乐部。A. seeing看见；B. sending寄；发送；C. dropping落下；降低；D. taking 拿；接受。根据空后“off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club.”可知此处指的是Hagner开车送女儿去上钢琴课或去女童子军俱乐部，drop sb off“让某人下车”，固定搭配。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，筋疲力尽的家人直到晚上7点才回家。在做作业之前，只有时间快速吃顿晚饭。A. exhausted疲惫的；B. loving有爱心的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. nuclear原子核的。根据上文“Their ____1____ school day and her job as a lawyer’s assistant are busy enough. But Hagner also has to take the two boys to soccer or hockey or basketball while ____2____ off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club.”以及空后“family doesn’t get home until 7 pm. There is just time for a quick supper before homework.”可知Hagner一家非常忙碌，所以可以推测每天晚上到家时肯定已经是精疲力尽了，故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界，美国和英国的中产阶级父母对待他们的孩子就好像他们是为终点线赛跑的竞争者。A. assess评估；B. encourage鼓励；C. remind提醒；D. treat对待。根据空后“their children as if they were competitors ____5____ for some finishing line.”可知此处指的是美国和英国的中产阶级父母就爱你给自己的孩子当作为终点线赛跑的竞争者，treat sb as…“把某人当做……”，故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界，美国和英国的中产阶级父母对待他们的孩子就好像他们是为终点线赛跑的竞争者。A. hoping希望；B. racing比赛；竞赛；快速移动；C. calling打电话；喊叫；D. caring关心。根据空前“In today’s world, middle class American and British parents ____4____ their children as if they were competitors” 以及空后“for some finishing line.”可知此处指的是美国和英国的中产阶级父母对待他们的孩子就好像他们是为终点线赛跑的竞争者，race for“为了获得某个目标或奖项而进行竞争”，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父母带着他们的孩子从一个活动到另一个活动，让他们的未来更有前途。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. promising有前途的；有希望的；D. inviting吸引人的。根据后文“It seems that raising a genius has become a more ____7____ goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child.”可知家长们带着他们的孩子从一个活动到另一个活动的目的是为了培养一个个天才，即让他们的未来更加有前途。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：培养一个天才似乎已经成为比培养一个快乐、健康的孩子更重要的目标。A. realistic现实的；B. specific具体的；C. difficult突然的；D. important重要的。根据空前“It seems that raising a genius has become a more”以及“goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child.”可知家长们更希望孩子将来成为一个天才而不仅仅是一个快乐、健康的孩子，所以在家长们看来培养一个天才似乎比培养一个快乐、健康的孩子更重要，故选D项。 28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师正在教室里和精疲力尽的孩子们打交道。A. Doctors医生；B. Parents家长；C. Headmasters校长；D. Teachers老师。根据空后“are dealing with worn-out children in the classroom.”可知，在教室里和孩子们相外的应该是老师，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子迫于需要参加课外俱乐部。A. start开始；启动；B. attend参加；出席；C. skip跳；略过；D. prefer较喜欢。根据前文“Parents take their children from activity to activity to make their future ____6____ .”以及空后“____8____ are dealing with worn-out children in the classroom. It’s a very serious problem.”可知孩子们迫于需要参加课外活动。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但竞争压力也导致了活动的爆炸式增加，其中包括体育、语言、音乐和数学课程，最小的孩子只有四岁。A.lack缺乏；B.establishment建立；C.explosion爆炸；D. business商业；生意。根据空后“of activities, which _____11_____ sports, language, music and maths classes for children as young as four.”可知竞争压力导致了各式活动的爆炸式增加，故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但竞争压力也导致了活动的爆炸式增加，其中包括体育、语言、音乐和数学课程，最小的孩子只有四岁。A. practice锻炼；练习；B. enjoy喜欢；享受；C. teach教授；D. include包括。根据空后“sports, language. music and..”可知空处是对空格前“activities”的举例，激增的活动中包括体育、语言、音乐等，include意为“包括”，符合句意。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：儿童问题专家特里·阿普特(Terry Apter)说：“现在有一种新的育儿趋势，认为你必须在孩子很小的时候就释放他们所有的潜力，否则他们会失望的。”A. unlock开锁；解开；释放；B. fulfill实现；C. show表明；展示；D. record记录。根据空后“all your child’s potential at a young age, otherwise they will be _____13_____ ,” says Terry Apter, an expert on child problems.”可知新的育儿趋势认为孩子们的潜能需要在小时候就进行挖掘释放，故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：儿童问题专家特里·阿普特(Terry Apter)说：“现在有一种新育儿趋势，认为你必须在孩子很小的时候就释放他们所有的潜力，否则他们会失望的。”A. let down使失望；B. pushed off推迟；C. laughed at嘲笑；D. taken over接管。根据空前““There is a new parenting trend under way which says you have to _____12_____ all your child’s potential at a young age, otherwise they will be”可知此处指的是如果家长不在小时候就释放孩子的潜能，孩子在长大以后一定会感到失望，let sb down“使某人失望”，故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不是一个全新的现象：一直以来都有爱出风头的父母。A. new新的；B. out-dated过时的；C. wrong错误的；D. right正确的。根据后文“there have always been pushy parents”可知一直以来都有爱出风头的父母，由此可知，在孩子很小的时候就挖掘他们所有的潜力的现象不是一个全新的现象，以前就有这样的父母。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但以前被视为奇怪的行为现在已经被完全接受了。A. respected 尊重；B. done已经完成；C. accepted 接受；D. managed 管理。根据上文“There is a new parenting trend..”以及空前“there have always been pushy parents. But what was seen as strange behavior before is now well”可知，在孩子很小的时候就挖掘他们所有的潜力已经成为一种新的育儿趋势，由此可知，这种行为已经被完全接受了。故选C项。 四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Getting angry could help you achieve your goals, a new research suggests. Often ___36___ (perceive) as a negative emotion, anger can actually be powerful ___37___ (motivate) for people to meet challenging targets in their lives. It is useful in achieving more challenging goals, ___38___ does not appear to be linked to easier tasks.The finding also suggests emotions that are often considered negative,such as anger,boredom,or sadness,can be useful. Lead author Heather Lench, a professor at Texas A and M University, USA, stated that people often believed a state of happiness was___39___ ideal, and the majority of people regarded the pursuit of happiness as a major life goal.” The view that positive emotions are perfect for mental health and well being ___40___ (be) noticeable in psychological accounts of emotion, but many researches suggest a mix of emotions, including negative emotions like anger, result in ___41___ (good) outcomes.” She added that the functionalist theory of emotion suggests that all emotions, good or bad, are reactions ___42___ events within a person’s environment and serve the purpose of alerting that person to important situations that require actions. In the study researchers conducted experiments___43___ (involve) more than 1,000 people, and analyzed survey data from more than 1,400 respondents. The researchers found that anger increased effort towards attaining a desired goal, ___44___ (frequent) leading to greater success and the effects of anger in encouraging people to reach for and achieve their goals were specific to situations ____45____ the goals were more difficult to realize. 【答案】36. perceived 37. motivation 38. but 39. an 40. is##has been 41. better 42. to 43. involving 44. frequently 45. where 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，该研究表明，生气可能有助于你实现目标。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：愤怒通常被视为一种负面情绪，但实际上它可以成为人们实现生活中具有挑战性目标的强大动力。非谓语动词担当状语，主语“anger”和动词“perceive”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填perceived。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：愤怒通常被视为一种负面情绪，但实际上它可以成为人们实现生活中具有挑战性目标的强大动力。根据空格前的形容词powerful分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式作表语。故填motivation。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：它在实现更具挑战性的目标时很有用，但似乎与更容易的任务无关。空前“It is useful in achieving more challenging goals”和空后“does not appear to be linked to easier tasks”之间存在转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该研究的主要作者、美国德克萨斯农工大学的教授Heather Lench说，人们通常认为幸福是一种理想状态，大多数人把追求幸福作为主要的生活目标。名词“ideal”意为“理想的状态、生活”时，是可数名词，可用不定冠词修饰表示泛指；ideal为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：积极的情绪对心理健康和幸福是完美的，这一观点在情绪的心理学描述中是显而易见的，但许多研究表明，包括愤怒等消极情绪在内的多种情绪会产生更好的结果。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时或现在完成时；主语为“the view”，谓语动词用单数。故填is或has been。 【41题详解】 考查比较级。句意：积极的情绪对心理健康和幸福是完美的，这一观点在情绪的心理学描述中是显而易见的，但许多研究表明，包括愤怒等消极情绪在内的多种情绪会产生更好的结果。根据上文“Getting angry could help you achieve your goals, a new research suggests.”可知，愤怒会帮助我们实现目标，也就是说，愤怒的清醒会产生更好的结果，用比较级形式。故填better。 42题详解】 考查介词。句意：她补充说，情感的功能主义理论表明，所有的情绪，无论是好是坏，都是对一个人所处环境中的事件的反应，其目的是提醒这个人注意需要采取行动的重要情况。名词“reaction”和介词“to”搭配，构成短语：one’s reaction to，意为“对……的反应”，符合句意。故填to。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这项研究中，研究人员进行了涉及1000多人的实验，并分析了1400多名受访者的调查数据。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“experiments”和动词“involve”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填involving。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：研究人员发现，愤怒会增加人们为达到预期目标所付出的努力，往往会带来更大的成功，而愤怒在鼓励人们追求和实现目标方面的效果，只适用于那些目标更难实现的情况。修饰动词短语“lead to”用副词形式。故填frequently。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：研究人员发现，愤怒会增加人们为达到预期目标所付出的努力，往往会带来更大的成功，而愤怒在鼓励人们追求和实现目标方面的效果，只适用于那些目标更难实现的情况。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“situations”，在定语从句中担当虚拟性地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。 46. 假定你是李华，你将要参加一场演讲比赛，主题是“言之有理和言之有物哪一个更重要”，请你写演讲稿，内容包括： 1.你的观点； 2.原因。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear judges,  In my opinion, speaking with substance is more important than speaking with reason. Firstly, substance provides the foundation for speech. Without substantial content, even the most logical arguments may lack persuasiveness. While logic is crucial for structuring arguments, substance provides the core ideas that engage and persuade. Secondly, substance reflects a speaker’s depth and sincerity, which can better engage the audience and convey meaningful messages. Logic alone cannot inspire or lead to understanding. Therefore, I argue that substance is paramount in communication. Thank you. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇主题为“言之有理和言之有物哪一个更重要”的演讲稿，参加演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I can see 重要的：important→significant 真诚：sincerity→genuineness 表达；传递：convey→communicate 2.句式拓展 简单句变强调句 原句：In my opinion, speaking with substance is more important than speaking with reason. 强调句：In my opinion, it is speaking with substance that is more important than speaking with reason. 【点睛】【高分句型1】While logic is crucial for structuring arguments, substance provides the core ideas that engage and persuade.(运用了while引导的让步状语从句) 【高分句型2】Secondly, substance reflects a speaker’s depth and sincerity, which can better engage the audience and convey meaningful messages.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 47. 读后续写 It was my inaugural year as an educator in a special needs classroom, and I harbored a degree of uncertainty regarding what to anticipate at our annual Special Olympics track meet. My students presented a spectrum of challenges, ranging from mild learning disabilities to severe palsy. Mark was one of the latter, confined to a motorized wheelchair and constantly battling his spasms to maintain control over his movements. Despite this, he consistently exhibited a positive disposition, greeting everyone each morning with an expansive smile. His classmates held him in high regard and made a concerted effort to ensure his inclusion in group activities. This was particularly evident with Mike, Andy, and Lucas, three boys who excelled in sports. In my heart, I knew Mark aspired to be like them, unencumbered by the physical limitations that bound him, and the grace with which they navigated the playing field seemed to captivate him with a sense of wonder. He never missed their competitions and was always their most ardent supporter. Witnessing Mike, Andy, and Lucas cross the finish line, Mark’s excitement was palpable. On the day of the track and field event, Mike, Andy, and Lucas performed admirably in their heats, providing the typically tranquil crowd with ample reason to cheer. Mark, seated on the sidelines, enthusiastically cheered them on, though he finished last in his own heat due to the limitations of his wheelchair’s speed. The culminating event of the day was the 400-meter race, in which everyone was invited to participate, either by walking or running, according to their capabilities, around the entire circumference of the track. We observed as the sprinters launched into action — Mike, Andy, and Lucas, each intent on demonstrating their athletic prowess. However as the trio of exhausted runners reached the finish line, they paused and turned to survey the scene behind them. At the rear of the crowd, resolutely determined not to be left behind, was Mark. His classmates had already surpassed him, and even the slowest walkers were outpacing him. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Mark was alone on the track with over half the distance left to cover. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mark was moved to see his three friends come back and run with him. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Mark was alone on the track with over half the distance left to cover. Mike, Andy and Lucas looked at each other, and a silent thought passed among them. They nodded to each other and turned around together. They jogged back towards their friend Mark and slowly enfolded him in a tight circle and kept pace, cheering him on as he had done for them moments before. Seeing what they did, the whole field was boiling. All the audience stood up and cheered for the four friends. Mark was moved to see his three friends come back and run with him. He had never imagined that they could run with him on the track. The progress was slow, but in the end the three-star runners and Mark crossed the finish line together to the enthusiastic cries of their teachers and classmates. Seeing the smile on Mark’s face, I came to understand what makes the Special Olympics and the determined athletes who compete so extraordinary. Years later, I still remember the day. That’s not just because of the competition, but because of the warm friendship between Mark and his friends. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者有一个得了大脑性麻痹症的学生Mark，他很渴望像其他的学生一样行动，尽管身体残疾，但是Mark非常乐观，在运动会上其他的同学陪伴着他跑完了全程。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Mark独自一人跑在跑道上，离终点还有一半多的距离”可知，第一段可描写三个人一起和Mark跑步的经过以及周围人的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“看到他的三个朋友回来和他一起跑步，Mark很感动”可知，第二段可描写他们最终到达终点线以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：Mark独自在跑道上——三人陪伴Mark跑步——周围人的反应——Mark很感动——四人到达终点线——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①围住：enfold/surround ②给某人加油：cheer sb. on/encourage sb. ③想象：imagine/visualize 情绪类 ①热情的：enthusiastic/passionate ②坚定的：determined/resolute 【点睛】【高分句型1】They jogged back towards their friend Mark and slowly enfolded him in a tight circle and kept pace, cheering him on as he had done for them moments before.(运用了现在分词cheering作状语、as引导方式状语从句) 【高分句型2】Seeing what they did, the whole field was boiling.(运用了现在分词作状语、what 引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$