16 课时精练(十三) Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（译林版2020）

课时精练(十三)　Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 维度一　根据汉语或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 1．I don’t have any concrete(具体的)data to back up my ideas. 2．The white swan(天鹅)is a large graceful bird with a long thin neck. 3．Try to stay objective(客观的)about the situation，and this will help you not to become angry. 4．It is impossible for such young children to understand abstract (抽象的)knowledge. 5．Confucius is a great thinker as well as an educator(教育家)in Chinese history. 6．All students have to register before the beginning of the new school year. 7．Before putting into production，we must first inquire about the recent market conditions. 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．The subscription (subscribe) can be cancelled within 7 days and you can get your money back. 2．His views are grounded on the assumption(assume) that all people are equal. 3．Taking breaks between classes makes us students energetic and refreshed(refresh) again. 4．If he is lying to you，his eyes will stare blankly (blank) and not dare to look at you in the eyes. 5．By the time the rain ceased(cease)，we had already completed over 80% of our task. 6．Hearing my teacher’s encouraging words，I resolved to stick (stick) with my dream until I make some success. 7．How she manages to fit so much into a working day is beyond my comprehension (comprehend). 8．China has taken effective measures to stimulate domestic demands and is bound to release(release) profound consumption potential. 维度三　完成句子 1．How he solved the problem is above/beyond my comprehension． 我难以理解他是如何解决这个问题的。 2．I’d like to inquire about the price of the new products． 我想询问这些新产品的价格。 3．When I saw the exam questions，my mind went blank． 当我看到考题时，我的脑子变得一片空白。 4．I still have no reason to doubt his words． 我还是没有理由怀疑他的话。 5．You can subscribe to the magazine for as little as ＄32 a year. 你每年只需要花32美元就能订阅这份杂志。 维度四　课文语法填空 As I journey through my life，I have become aware that 1.acquiring (acquire) knowledge is not only a way to better understand the world，but also a way of appreciating how much you do not know. As you progress through life，you may study and work in new environments.Consequently，you will 2.be exposed(expose) to many new ideas，beliefs，practices and learning experiences.So refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is both essential and 3.beneficial(benefit). So，how can you proceed? Firstly，lifelong learning is an attitude.Lifelong learners are those who have 4.anopen mind.Be objective and make 5.yourself(you)open to new knowledge and ideas.Do not criticize them or reject them 6.simply(simple) because they differ from what you know and believe.Secondly，take advantage of 7.opportunities(opportunity)for lifelong learning.You could register online and subscribe to e­learning courses，which have increased in recent years.You could also visit the local library 8.where the resources are rich and diverse.Finally，understand that it is not sufficient 9.to know(know) something or to understand what you know，because knowledge must be applied. 10．In summary，in a world of constant changes，one should never cease to learn，because lifelong learning will not only build human capital and improve a career，but also boost self­worth，promote cognition，renew beliefs，and enhance physical and mental health. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2022·四川省宜宾市高二期末) The first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we hadn’t already known.I stood up to look around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder.I turned round to find a wrinkled，little old lady beaming up at me with a smile. She said，“Hi handsome.My name is Rose.I’m eighty­seven years old.Can I give you a hug？” I laughed and enthusiastically responded，“Of course you may！” And she gave me a giant squeeze. “Why are you in college at such an age？” I asked.She jokingly replied，“I’m here to meet a rich husband，get married，and have a couple of kids...” “No seriously.” I asked.“I always dreamed of having a college education and now I’m getting one！” she told me. We became instant friends.Every day we would leave class together and talk nonstop.Over the course of the year，Rose became a campus icon. At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet.“We do not stop playing because we are old；we grow old because we stop playing.There are secrets to staying young，being happy，and achieving success.You have to laugh and find humor every day.You’ve got to have a dream.When you lose your dreams，you die.We have so many people walking around who are dead and don’t even know it! There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up.Anybody can grow older.That doesn’t take any talent or ability.The idea is to grow up by always finding opportunities in change.Have no regrets.” At the end of the year Rose finished the college degree she had begun all those years before.One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了87岁的Rose圆梦的故事，告诉我们：人们不应该因年老而停止追求，而是因为停止追求而变老。 1．How did the writer react to Rose’s first request? A．He refused her. B．He agreed. C．He paid no attention. D．He laughed at her. B　[推理判断题。根据第二段“I laughed and enthusiastically responded，‘Of course you may！’”可推知，当Rose要求我给她拥抱时，我热情地同意了，故选B项。] 2．What motivated Rose to attend college at an old age? A．Her eagerness to be famous. B．Her desire to meet a rich husband. C．Her ambition to achieve success. D．Her longing for college schooling. D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“I always dreamed of having a college education and now I’m getting one！”可知，她在这么大的岁数上大学的原因是大学一直是她的梦想，她一直很渴望上大学。故选D项。] 3．Which words can best describe Rose? A．Humorous and positive. B．Experienced but stubborn. C．Enthusiastic but selfish. D．Outgoing and generous. A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“She jokingly replied...”可知，Rose是个很幽默的人；根据倒数第二段“We do not stop playing because... happy，and achieving success.”可知，虽然Rose年纪大了，但是她还抱有积极的生活态度。故选A项。] 4．What does Rose’s story convey? A．Stay happy，stay young. B．Not regret，but change. C．Dream it，and make it happen. D．Never grow old，never stop playing. C　[推理判断题。本文通过讲述87岁的Rose圆梦的故事，告诉我们她对待生活的态度：人们不应该因年老而停止追求，而是因为停止追求而变老。总之，人要有梦想并努力实现，抓住稍纵即逝的机会。故C项(梦想吧，让它成为现实)是Rose故事背后想表达的东西。] B (2022·河南省商丘名校高二下学期期中) Methane(甲烷)is one of the biggest drivers of global warming.About 95% of methane emissions from cattle come out of their mouths and noses.The common method to design cattle feed additive(饲料添加剂)helps in the reduction of methane gas in cattle’s stomachs.However，chemical additives may become a problem for animal life and also the products. A British company has come up with a cow mask，which breaks down methane，a more harmful greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide，into CO2，and water.The company，named Zelp，was founded by brothers Francisco and Patricio Norris，children of Argentine—based cattle keepers.According to the company，the mask is able to reduce up to 60 percent of methane emissions in cattle. Unlike a human face mask，the cow mask doesn’t cover the mouth.It sits just over the nose，helping it to catch methane from breathing and burps(打嗝).A sensor on the device detects what percentage of methane the cow breathes out.As the methane reaches a certain level，a chemical reaction turns it into carbon dioxide and water. The mask also works as a smart device for cows.It monitors cattle location through a GPS chip，besides measuring feeding activity.Norris brothers believe that it will help cattle owners identify early symptoms of a disease and help reduce the cost of farms. The device has successfully passed trials conducted in institutions in Argentina besides UK’s Royal Veterinary College.As global meat consumption is set to increase by 70 percent in the next 30 years according to FAO，so will the demand in cattle and dairy industries.Thus，the Norris brothers believe that their cow mask will be one step in the right direction in the fight against global warming. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家名为Zelp的英国公司为牛开发了一种口罩，能将牛打嗝释放出的甲烷排放量减少60%。 5．Why does Zelp develop the cow mask? A．To help cattle eat safely. B．To improve feed additives. C．To cut the methane gas from cattle. D．To quicken the cattle’s digestive process. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“the mask is able to reduce up to 60 percent of methane emissions in cattle”可知，这种口罩能够减少牛体内高达60%的甲烷排放，故选C项。] 6．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us about the cow mask? A．How the mask works. B．When the mask detects the gas. C．Why the mask benefits the cow. D．How the mask fits on the cow’s head. A　[段落大意题。根据第三段中“It sits just over the nose... into carbon dioxide and water.”可知，第三段主要介绍了口罩的工作过程，故选A项。] 7．What is an added advantage of the device? A．Giving cows a good appetite. B．Tracking the cattle’s movements. C．Curing the cows’ mild diseases. D．Regulating the cattle’s feed intake. B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“It monitors cattle location through a GPS chip”可知，该设备可通过GPS芯片监控牛的位置，用来跟踪牛的行踪，故选B项。] 8．What is the Norris brothers’ attitude towards the future of their device? A．Ambiguous. B．Cautious. C．Skeptical. D．Optimistic. D　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中“the Norris brothers believe that...the fight against global warming”可知，诺里斯兄弟相信他们的奶牛口罩将是对抗全球变暖的正确方向的一步。由此可推断出，诺里斯兄弟对该装置的未来非常乐观，故选D项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2022·浙江省嘉兴市高二期末) It seems like some people are born with a good sense of direction while others are always getting lost. 1 You can improve your sense of direction.You just need to work at it. Nowadays，of course，it’s convenient to rely on GPS rather than commit a long，complex route to memory. 2 Studying a larger map and remembering the route before you set out does have its benefits.The amount of mental energy it requires means it’s more likely to stick in your mind.Looking at Google Maps on a big screen or even studying a paper map also allows you to get a sense of that all­important bigger picture and how everywhere fits together. 3 It’s also important to notice what’s around you in all directions.Instead of staring straight ahead，make sure you look up，down and behind you as well.This will come in particularly useful when you’re doing the journey in reverse(倒退)—even if it’s just finding your way back from the toilet in a restaurant.Another tip? Taking photographs or writing notes at key locations can help you keep them in your memory. Finally，try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground. 4 But this sudden anxiety will only prevent you from calmly working out which way to go.Besides，getting lost is one of the best ways to discover new places and add more detail to that ever­growing mental map，both of which will help you have a better sense of direction in the long term. Your sense of direction is a use­it­or­lose­it skill.If you only stick to the routes you already know，it’s never going to get any better. 5 A．Don’t just look where you’re going. B．So now it’s the time to start exploring! C．If you’re one of the “lost” ones，have no fear. D．Anxiety plays a role in our sense of direction，too. E．It’s all too easy to get anxious if you suspect you may be lost. F．Developing a good sense of direction usually takes much practice. G．But ignore it if you really want to improve your sense of direction. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高方向感的技巧。 1．C　[根据上文“It seems like some people... others are always getting lost.”可知，有些人天生就有很好的方向感，而另一些人总是迷路。根据下文“You can improve your sense of direction.You just need to work at it.”可知，方向感可以通过努力提高。C项承接上下文。故选C项。] 2．G　[根据上文“Nowadays，of course，it’s convenient... route to memory.”及下文“Studying a larger map...have its benefits.”可知，虽然GPS很方便，但是记住地图上的路线更有助于方向感。G项指出为了提高方向感，需要忽略GPS。故选G项。] 3．A　[根据下文“It’s also important to notice...and behind you as well.”介绍了注意周围事物的重要性。不要直视前方，要确保你同时向上、向下和身后看。A项能引出下文。故选A项。] 4．E　[根据上文“Finally，try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground.”和下文“But this sudden anxiety...out which way to go.”可知，不认识路会让人焦虑、使人不冷静，会妨碍自己对路线的判断。E项承接上下文。故选E项。] 5．B　[根据上文“Your sense of direction is...going to get any better.”可知，想要让方向感变得更好，不要只是走熟悉的路线，而是要探索新路线。B项符合文意。故选B项。] Ⅲ.完形填空 (2022·山东省泰安第十九中学高二期中) Mary was always dreaming of graduating from college in cap and gown，accepting her diploma and ready to start a career.Since Mary came from a low­income family，her dream seemed out of 1 .There would never be enough money to send Mary to college. 2 ，no member of her family had ever gone to college.But Mary 3 that thought.In secondary school she studied hard，and spoke 4 of her dream to teachers and friends.When her 5 day at school came，her principal called her into his office. “I have a(n) 6 for you，” he said. It contained a scholarship to a nearby college.The power of a thought had 7 its first bonus.But the scholarship could cover only part of her college 8 ．Mary took every part­time job she could find. Mary’s dream came true when she graduated from college.Then she took a course in insurance.When she 9 herself to a local insurance company for a job，she was 10 ．She applied again.The answer was no.She kept going back until the manager 11 her. Twenty­five years later Mary Crowe’s colleagues in that company 12 at a special dinner in her honor，recognizing her for her outstanding achievements as an insurance saleswoman. “Each of us is constantly in a state of becoming better，” she said，giving her secret to 13 ．“Through 14 and faith you can become what you think.Not that your life will be without problems，but along the way problems will be 15 ．Ask and believe；dream and believe；work and believe.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自贫困家庭的Mary，凭借着自己对梦想的坚持和努力上了大学，并且在25年后作为一名保险人员取得了杰出成就。Mary认为通过热情和信念，你可以成为你所想的人。 1．A．control B．question C．sight D．thought C　[根据上文“Mary came from a low­income family”及后文“There would never be enough money to send Mary to college.”可知，Mary来自一个低收入的家庭，没有足够的钱送她上大学，所以她的梦想遥不可及。out of sight意为“看不见，遥不可及”。故选C项。] 2．A．However B．Instead C．Therefore D．Besides D　[此处表示进一步补充说明，应用besides(此外)。故选D项。] 3．A．held on to B．took pride in C．made up for D．came up with A　[根据后文“In secondary school she studied hard”可知，Mary在中学也刻苦学习，由此可知她仍然坚持着(hold on to)自己想上大学的想法。故选A项。] 4．A．selfishly B．freely C．unwillingly D．jokingly B　[根据后文“of her dream to teachers and friends”可知，Mary向老师和朋友畅谈(freely)自己的梦想。故选B项。] 5．A．first B．formal C．final D．unique C　[根据后文“It contained a scholarship to a nearby college.”校长给了她装有上大学奖学金的信封，由此可推测这是她在中学的最后一天(final)。故选C项。] 6．A．book B．envelope C．souvenir D．test B　[根据后文“It contained a scholarship to a nearby college.”可知，校长给了Mary一个信封(envelope)，里面装着奖学金。故选B项。] 7．A．joined B．wasted C．consumed D．produced D　[根据后文“its first bonus”可知，Mary坚持自己梦想的想法给她带来了意外收获，故此处指思想的力量产生了(produce)它的第一份意外收获。故选D项。] 8．A．expenses B．secrets C．incomes D．ambitions A　[根据后文“Mary took every part­time job she could find.”可知，奖学金只能支付她上大学的部分费用(expense)，所以她还是要去打工挣钱。故选A项。] 9．A．limited B．related C．accustomed D．introduced D　[根据后文“herself to a local insurance company for a job”可知，Mary向一家当地保险公司介绍(introduce)自己，以求职。故选D项。] 10．A．picked up B．put aside C．turned down D．taken in C　[根据后文“She applied again.”可推测出，第一次的时候Mary被保险公司拒绝了(turn down)。故选C项。] 11．A．believed B．praised C．accepted D．noticed C　[根据后文“recognizing her for her outstanding achievements as an insurance saleswoman”可知，最后经理接受了(accept)她。故选C项。] 12．A．gathered B．declared C．fled D．parted A　[根据上文“Mary Crowe’s colleagues in that company”及后文“at a special dinner in her honor...as an insurance saleswoman”可知，Mary Crowe公司的同事们聚在(gather)一起，为她举行了一场特别的晚宴，表彰她作为一名保险推销员所取得的杰出成就。故选A项。] 13．A．reputation B．independence C．responsibility D．success D　[Mary作为一名保险推销员，取得了杰出成就，所以这里她在分享自己成功(success)的秘诀。故选D项。] 14．A．analysis B．enthusiasm C．politeness D．conclusion B　[根据文章内容可知，Mary凭借着自己对梦想的热情(enthusiasm)和信念，最后终于成为了自己想成为的人。故选B项。] 15．A．corrected B．overcome C．forgotten D．collected B　[根据上文“along the way problems will be”可知，此处指克服(overcome)遇到的问题。故选B项。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$