1 课时精练(一) Unit 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（译林版2020）

课时精练(一)　Welcome to the unit & Reading (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　根据汉语或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 1．The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded by a high wire(金属丝)fence. 2．I refuse to lie to the boss to get promoted because it’s against my principle(s)(道德原则). 3．The police said there was not enough evidence to arrest(逮捕)him. 4．We were so far away from the mountain that we could just see its outline(轮廓线). 5．I am about two inches(英寸)shorter than my sister though I am two years older than her. 6．Finally，the criminal who had killed two people on purpose was sentenced to death. 7．Her husband gave her a diamond ring as a gift for her birthday. 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．Car park owners should be legally (legal) responsible for protecting vehicles. 2．It isn’t worthwhile spending/to spend (spend) so much time on such minor problems. 3．He was suspected of giving away government secrets to the enemy. 4．All the students were studying carefully and we could barely (bare) hear any sound in the classroom. 5．For the third time in a row，she had failed to keep her appointment (appoint). 6．Her innocence (innocent) and frankness when being interviewed added to her appeal. 7．China’s development is a blessing (bless) and opportunity to the whole world. 8．Our company provides reliable (rely) products and efficient technical support service to all customers. 维度三　完成句子 1．Just in front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of 1，000 years. 就在我们的房子前面矗立着一棵有1 000年历史的大树。 2．It is a traditional Chinese style house built in the Qing Dynasty． 这是一座建于清朝的传统中式风格的房子。 3．The hall is big enough to hold all the audience. 这个大厅足够大来容纳所有的观众。 4．Put your hands in the air.You’re under arrest． 举起手来。你被捕了。 5．The local government decided to tear down these buildings to build a park. 当地政府决定拆除这些建筑来建一座公园。 维度四　课文语法填空 From time to time，people find themselves 1.in situations where they have to make a difficult choice concerning their moral values.The story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on 2.a cold，dark night.It is about two friends named Bob and Jimmy.Twenty years ago，Bob 3.dined(dine) at a restaurant with his friend Jimmy.He decided to leave for the West 4.to make(make) his fortune，but Jimmy would rather stay in New York.They made a promise that they would meet at the place 5.where they had dined. Bob kept the 6.appointment(appoint) and came back，believing that Jimmy would come if he was alive，because he was the 7.truest(true) and most reliable person in the world.He struck a match to light his cigar，8.waiting(wait) for his friend.Jimmy arrived at the appointed place but found Bob was just the man 9.wanted (want) in Chicago. However，Jimmy couldn’t catch his best friend 10.himself (he)，so he asked a plain­clothes policeman to do it. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2022·福建省龙岩市高二期末) When Roy Austin went on his first wildlife trip back in 2018，his only goal for the leisurely vacation was to catch sight of some African wildlife in its natural habitat—but he ended up finding something much more meaningful.He was most captivated(迷住)by the people he met in rural Kenya—particularly at the Amboseli Primary and Secondary School in Amboseli National Park. In addition to befriending many of the students and teachers，Austin was surprised to learn how difficult it was to get books and school supplies for the children.“In rural Kenya，the government does not build school buildings.You either build it yourself or raise money to have it built，” says Austin.“A teacher was asked if they had a library.She replied，‘No，but we would love to have a library.’ That stuck in my mind.” When Austin eventually returned to his home in Bluffton，South Carolina，he launched Libraries for Kids International.Since starting the charity，Austin has managed to ship more than 1，000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania.He sends the books through the post office rather than FedEx to keep the shipping costs down. As it continues to collect books and donations for additional shipments，Austin says that the charity is now helping to move a shipping container of 22，000 books from Atlanta to Kenya.In the future，the philanthropist(慈善家)hopes to start sending donations to South America as well. “Many people told me that it can’t be done.It’s too expensive to ship books，and they will disappear going through customs，”Austin says.“However，every worthwhile project will have problems and barriers.If you focus on the problems，you will never start.On the contrary，if you focus on the aim and solve the problems as they arise，most anything is possible.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Austin向非洲肯尼亚等地捐赠图书做慈善的故事。 1．What problem does Austin find in rural Kenya? A．Education depends on charity. B．Students lack education resources. C．Books get lost going through customs. D．Families can’t afford the kids’ schooling. B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Austin was surprised to learn how difficult it was to get books and school supplies for the children”．可知，Austin惊讶地发现，孩子们得到书籍和学习用品是多么的困难。由此可知，肯尼亚农村的孩子们缺少图书、用品等教学资源，故选B项。] 2．What does Austin do for the people in rural Kenya? A．He teaches at school. B．He funds a library for them. C．He reduces the shipping costs. D．He ships books to schools. D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Since starting the charity，Austin has managed to ship more than 1，000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania.”可知，自该慈善机构成立以来，Austin已设法向肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的11所学校运送了1 000多本书。由此可知，Austin向肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的学校运送了书籍，故选D项。] 3．What can we learn from Austin’s story? A．It is the first step that costs. B．Success belongs to the persevering. C．Every bit of effort makes a big difference. D．Nothing is difficult to a determined mind. D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However，every worthwhile project will have problems and barriers.If you focus on the problems，you will never start.On the contrary，if you focus on the aim and solve the problems as they arise，most anything is possible.”可知，任何一个有价值的项目都会遇到问题和障碍。如果专注于问题，你就永远不会开始。相反，如果你专注于目标并在问题出现时解决问题，那么任何事情都是有可能的。由此可知，只要你用心做事就会成功，即“Nothing is difficult to a determined mind.(有志者事竟成。)”。故选D项。] 4．Which of the following best describes Austin? A．A crazy adventurer. B．A devoted educator. C．A charity enthusiast. D．A passionate volunteer. C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“In the future，the philanthropist(慈善家)hopes to start sending donations to South America as well.”可知，除了向非洲捐赠图书，Austin还有向南美洲捐赠的计划。由此可推知，他是一位热爱慈善的人，故选C项。] B (2022·陕西省千阳中学高二期中) When we are young we are taught that it’s wrong to lie and we should always tell the truth.Unfortunately，most children lie even if they’re told not to.Research carried out at the Institute of Child Study at Toronto University has shown that this might not be such a bad thing.Apparently，children who tell lies when they’re two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults. According to the research，at the age of two，20 per cent of children lie.At the age of three，50 per cent lie，and at four almost 90 per cent lie.By the age of 12 almost every child tells lies. Lying needs much brain work，and the better the lie is，the more work the brain has to do.By training the brain early，researchers believe children will be able to think more clearly when they are adults. Recent research，carried out by the Science Museum in London，has shown some interesting facts about the way we lie as adults.According to the research，the average British man tells three lies every day；that’s over 1，000 lies a year.However，the average woman apparently only lies twice a day. Most people think women are better liars(说谎者)than men although in fact they tell fewer lies.Popular women’s lies include “Nothing’s wrong，I’m fine”，“I don’t know where it is，I haven’t touched it”，and “It wasn’t that expensive”． Some people say you can lie as long as it’s a white lie.A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someone’s feelings.One of the most common lies for both men and women is “It’s just what I’ve always wanted”，said after opening a present from their partner. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个有关谎言的调查研究。 5．What will happen to young children who lie? A．They will possibly do wrong later. B．They’re likely to succeed in the future. C．They will keep lying when they grow up. D．They may have a good chance of losing others’ trust. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“children who tell lies when they’re two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults.”可知，撒谎的小孩在以后很可能会取得成功，故选B项。] 6．What do the numbers in Para.2 show about children? A．Older children tell bigger lies than younger ones. B．As they grow，they often lie about their age. C．The older they are，the more likely they lie. D．It’s quite natural for them to tell lies. C　[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，两岁时20%的儿童撒谎，三岁时50%的孩子撒谎，四岁时90%的孩子撒谎，到了12岁时几乎每个孩子都会说谎。由此可知，随着孩子年龄的增长，其说谎的概率也在增长，故选C项。] 7．What did the research by the Science Museum find out? A．Men lie more than women. B．Women are better liars than men. C．Women’s lies are usually not serious. D．Men sometimes have to lie to women. A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to the research，the average British man tells three lies every day；that’s over 1，000 lies a year.However，the average woman apparently only lies twice a day.”可知，调查显示，英国男性平均每天说谎三次，一年就有超过1 000个谎言。然而女性平均每天只会说谎两次。由此可知，男性比女性说的谎多，故选A项。] 8．What’s the true meaning of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A．You know me so well. B．I don’t like the present. C．You are good at picking presents. D．I haven’t received a present I really like. B　[句意猜测题。根据上文“A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someone’s feelings.”可知，善意的谎言是一种谎言，以避免伤害某人的感情；画线句是在收到来自伙伴的礼物后说的话，由此可推断，画线句是一句善意的谎言，其实说话者并不喜欢这件礼物。故选B项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2022·湖南省永州市高二期末) When the coronavirus pandemic forced people to work out at home，doctors were seeing patients coming in with various home­gym­inspired injuries.So，how to be safe during home workouts? 1 Check your workout space for potential danger 2 But that doesn’t mean you can just start jumping around in your living room，basement or garage.Make sure you give yourself more open space than you think you need so you don’t hit anything while moving—for example，lunging and running into a coffee table. Dress for (workout) success Working out in your pajamas might be convenient，but wearing cozy clothes can limit your movements.Make sure you wear sneakers if you choose to wear anything，since it’s easy to slip or trip when wearing socks or slippers. 3 Experts say there are benefits to walking around barefoot，such as a boost in foot strength，stability and balance. 4 Hiring a personal trainer might seem unnecessary in this new world of online classes and workout videos.But it can be a smart investment.While there is nothing wrong with online classes and videos，the instructor can’t see you and evaluate your form.Plus，sometimes you cannot understand what the instructor is saying. Warm up, cool down, don’t overdo it It’s important to warm up before exercising，cool down afterward when trying something new. 5 For active workouts，dynamic stretches such as leg swings as your warm­up and static stretching afterward is a good choice.For strength training，precede your workout with several light repetitions of the exercise you are about to do. A．Pay for a personal trainer. B．But going barefoot can work，too. C．They can benefit you in many aspects. D．A good warm­up/cool­down routine depends on what you’ll be doing. E．Here are several things you can do to help ensure you stay injury­free. F．Most people don’t have a home gym，nor the space or money to create one. G．People cannot go to the gym for workout during the coronavirus pandemic period. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对冠状病毒大流行迫使人们在家锻炼的情况，关于怎样更好地在家健身，介绍了几点建议。 1．E　[根据上文内容可知，作者就如何进行安全的家庭健身发出提问，后文给出了四个建议。E项承上启下。故选E。] 2．F　[根据段落小标题“Check your workout space for potential danger”可知，本段介绍的是锻炼的地方的问题。F项符合语境，且能和下文“But that doesn’t mean you can just start jumping around in your living room，basement or garage.”形成对比。故选F。] 3．B　[根据段落小标题“Dress for (workout) success”可知，本段介绍的是着装问题。根据下文“Experts say there are benefits to walking around barefoot，such as a boost in foot strength，stability and balance.”可知，赤脚锻炼有很多好处。B项符合段意，且B项中barefoot与后文对应。故选B。] 4．A　[本空为段落小标题。根据下文“Hiring a personal trainer might seem unnecessary in this new world of online classes and workout videos.But it can be a smart investment.”可知，本段介绍的是雇佣私人教练的问题。A项符合段意。故选A。] 5．D　[根据段落小标题“Warm up，cool down，don’t overdo it”可知，本段介绍了如何热身和锻炼后散热。再由后文可知，不同目的的锻炼需要不同类型的热身。D项符合文意，引出下文。故选D。] Ⅲ.完形填空 (2022·湖南省郴州市高二期末) In July，a two­minute­long video began spreading on the Internet.The video featured a 1 ballet student dancing in the rain.As the rain falls，forming small 2 between the unsmooth ground on which he dances，Anthony，11， 3 round and round. The 4 has been seen more than 20 million times on social media platforms，which has turned a 5 on the unlikely story of a ballet school in a poor suburb of Lagos，Nigeria：The Leap of Dance Academy.Founded by Daniel in 2017，the academy has 6 the lives of its students，affording them a place to 7 and to dream. For now，the Leap of Dance Academy is housed at the home of its 8 ，Daniel.Every day after school，12 local students make their way to his apartment.He 9 his furniture for more space and 10 a thin sheet over the cement(水泥)floor for class.What is the most 11 is that the mirror was glued by dozens of broken mirrors. “We have 12 from so many people.We appreciate their letters，in which they say they are 13 by the students and by dance，” Daniel said.“They felt our 14 and came alive.They 15 us that art is here to stay.” Some netizens remarked：“This is a realistic portrayal from a poor boy to ballet prince.Anyone with a dream is great.” 语篇解读　本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名年轻的芭蕾舞学生在雨中跳舞的视频在网络上得到了关注。这名学生来自于尼日利亚贫困郊区的一所舞蹈学院——飞跃舞蹈学院。尽管条件简陋，学院的创始人Daniel尽一切可能帮助学生们学习舞蹈，放飞梦想。他的举措得到了很多人的支持。 1．A．young B．professional C．disabled D．rich A　[根据“Anthony，11”可知，11岁的Anthony是一名年轻的(young)芭蕾舞学生。故选A。] 2．A．fountains B．pools C．drops D．rivers B　[根据空前“As the rain falls”和空后“the unsmooth ground”可知，一直在下雨，而地面不平，因此雨水在地面上形成了小池塘(pools)。故选B。] 3．A．walks B．looks C．turns D．swims C　[根据“round and round”可知，舞者不停转圈。turn around“转圈”符合题意。故选C。] 4．A．image B．book C．photo D．video D　[根据本文首句中“a two­minute­long video”可知，这是一段跳舞的视频(video)。故选D。] 5．A．atmosphere B．conclusion C．existence D．focus D　[根据“The has been seen more than 20 million times on social media platforms”可知，这段跳舞视频得到了网络关注(focus)。故选D。] 6．A．transformed B．considered C．tackled D．reduced A　[根据“affording them a place to and to dream.”及上文“in a poor suburb of Lagos，Nigeria”可知，舞蹈学院改变了(transform)学生们的生活，为他们提供了梦想。故选A。] 7．A．witness B．shelter C．dance D．debate C　[根据“The Leap of Dance Academy”可知，舞蹈学院为学生们提供了跳舞(dance)和梦想的地方。故选C。] 8．A．volunteer B．founder C．sponsor D．supporter B　[根据“Founded by Daniel in 2017”可知，Daniel是这所舞蹈学院的创始人(founder)。故选B。] 9．A．takes apart B．pulls down C．lays out D．pushes aside D　[根据“for more space”可知，Daniel推开(push aside)家具给学生们跳舞腾出地方。故选D。] 10．A．spreads B．decorates C．creates D．purchases A　[根据“a thin sheet over the cement(水泥) floor for class”可知，Daniel还在地上展开(spread)一条薄床单给学生们练习舞蹈。故选A。] 11．A．essential B．special C．evident D．strange B　[根据“that the mirror was glued by dozens of broken mirrors”可知，舞蹈室里的镜子是由几十面破镜子粘起来的，这是最特别的(special)。故选B。] 12．A．learnt B．differed C．heard D．delivered C　[根据“We appreciate their letters”可知，Daniel和学生们收到了很多来信。hear from意为“收到……的来信”。故选C。] 13．A．amused B．saddened C．inspired D．frightened C　[根据“We appreciate their letters”可知，寄信人被学生们跳舞的故事激励了(inspire)。故选C。] 14．A．dignity B．misfortune C．sorrow D．joy D　[根据“came alive”可知，寄信人感受到了学生们跳舞的喜悦(joy)，内心被梦想唤醒了。故选D。] 15．A．reminded B．promised C．warned D．explained A　[本句中的They指代寄信的人，他们的来信提醒(remind)Daniel及学生们艺术是永恒的。故选A。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$